WO2021140580A1 - Dispositif d'étalonnage, procédé d'étalonnage, programme d'étalonnage, dispositif de répétition et système de communication par satellite - Google Patents

Dispositif d'étalonnage, procédé d'étalonnage, programme d'étalonnage, dispositif de répétition et système de communication par satellite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021140580A1
WO2021140580A1 PCT/JP2020/000214 JP2020000214W WO2021140580A1 WO 2021140580 A1 WO2021140580 A1 WO 2021140580A1 JP 2020000214 W JP2020000214 W JP 2020000214W WO 2021140580 A1 WO2021140580 A1 WO 2021140580A1
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WIPO (PCT)
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signal
frequency
calibration
unit
element antennas
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PCT/JP2020/000214
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
侑 栗山
紀平　一成
深沢　徹
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三菱電機株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2020/000214 priority Critical patent/WO2021140580A1/fr
Priority to JP2021561928A priority patent/JP7034394B2/ja
Publication of WO2021140580A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021140580A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station

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  • the present disclosure implements a calibration device, a calibration method and a calibration program for calibrating each characteristic of a plurality of receiving element antennas and each characteristic of a plurality of transmitting element antennas, a relay device provided with the calibration device, and a relay device. It relates to a satellite communication system equipped with a communication satellite.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a mobile communication system including a transmission array antenna for performing transmission digital beamforming (hereinafter, referred to as “transmission DBF”).
  • the transmitting array antenna has a plurality of element antennas.
  • the variation in characteristics includes the variation in amplitude and the variation in phase.
  • the pickup antenna installed in the vicinity of the transmitting array antenna receives the calibration signal transmitted from the transmitting array antenna.
  • the adaptive filter calculates the variation in the characteristics of the plurality of element antennas by performing digital arithmetic processing on the calibration signal received by the pickup antenna.
  • the transmission DBF circuit calibrates the characteristics of each of the plurality of element antennas based on the calculation result of the variation by the adaptive filter.
  • the mobile communication system disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a system for transmitting radio waves, not a repeater for receiving and transmitting radio waves, but is a pickup disclosed in Patent Document 1. It is assumed that each of the antenna, the adaptive filter, and the transmission DBF circuit is applied to the repeater. In this case, even if the characteristics of the plurality of element antennas included in the transmitting array antenna of the repeater can be calibrated, the characteristics of the plurality of element antennas included in the receiving array antenna of the repeater are calibrated. There was a problem that it could not be done.
  • the present disclosure has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is a calibration device, a calibration method, and a calibration device capable of calibrating each characteristic of a plurality of receiving element antennas and each characteristic of a plurality of transmitting element antennas.
  • the purpose is to obtain a calibration program.
  • the calibration device has a first antenna that receives radio waves related to transmission signals radiated from each of a plurality of transmitting element antennas of the repeater and outputs the reception signals of the radio waves, and a first antenna.
  • a second antenna that radiates radio waves related to the received signal output from the antenna toward the plurality of receiving element antennas of the repeater, and a plurality of antennas that the repeater can use for the transmission frequency of the radio waves.
  • the repeater detects the unused frequency and transmits the calibration signal having the unused frequency.
  • a calibration unit that calibrates each characteristic of the antenna and calibrates each characteristic of the plurality of transmitting element antennas using the calibration signal included in the received signal of the radio wave received by each of the plurality of receiving element antennas. It is designed to be equipped with.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the relay device which includes the calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a hardware block diagram which shows the hardware in the signal superimposition part 31 and the calibration part 39 of the calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a hardware block diagram of the computer when a part of the calibration apparatus 2 is realized by software, firmware and the like. It is a flowchart which shows each processing procedure in the signal superimposition unit 31 and the calibration unit 39. It is explanatory drawing which shows the characteristic of each part in the relay device shown in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the relay device which includes the other calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. 1 It is a block diagram which shows the relay device which includes the other calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the relay device which includes the other calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the relay device which includes the calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. It is a hardware block diagram which shows the hardware in the signal superimposition part 31 and the calibration part 39 of the calibration apparatus 2 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the satellite communication system which concerns on Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a relay device including the calibration device 2 according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a hardware configuration diagram showing the respective hardware in the signal superimposing unit 31 and the calibration unit 39 of the calibration device 2 according to the first embodiment.
  • the repeater 1 includes a receiving array antenna 11, receivers 12-1 to 12-K, a relay processing unit 13, transmitters 22-1 to 22-M, and a transmitting array antenna 23.
  • K is an integer of 2 or more
  • M is an integer of 2 or more.
  • the calibration device 2 includes a signal superimposing unit 31, a first antenna 36, a frequency conversion unit 37, a second antenna 38, and a calibration unit 39.
  • the calibrator 2 has a plurality of characteristics of the receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K of the receiving array antenna 11 of the repeater 1 and a plurality of transmitting array antennas 23 of the repeater 1.
  • the characteristics of the transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M are calibrated.
  • the characteristics here include, for example, an amplitude characteristic and a phase characteristic.
  • the receiving array antenna 11 includes a plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K.
  • the output is output to the demultiplexing unit 14-k, which will be described later, of the processing unit 13.
  • reception processing As reception processing, amplification processing, frequency conversion processing for converting the frequency of the received device signal R k, filtering of removing high-frequency components and the like contained in the received element signal R k for amplifying the received element signal R k, or , Analog-digital conversion processing for converting the receiving element signal Rk from an analog signal to a digital signal is assumed.
  • the relay processing unit 13 includes a demultiplexing unit 14-1 to 14-K, a receiving extraction unit 15-1 to 15-K, a receiving DBF (Digital Beamforming) unit 16, and a switch unit (hereinafter, "SW unit"). 17), a transmission DBF unit 18, a transmission extraction unit 19-1 to 19-M, an injection unit 20-1 to 20-M, and a combiner unit 21-1 to 21-M. ..
  • the demultiplexing unit 14-k is The signal R k'after the reception process is demultiplexed into a signal having a frequency f 1, a signal having a frequency f 2 , and ... a signal having a frequency f 10 .
  • the demultiplexing unit 14-k outputs the signal Rf k after demultiplexing to the reception / extraction unit 15-k.
  • the signal Rf k after demultiplexing is a set of a plurality of signals demultiplexed from each other. For example, a set of a signal having a frequency f 1, a signal having a frequency f 2 , and ... a signal having a frequency f 10. Is.
  • the weight values Wr k and j of the receiving element antenna 11-k may be stored in the internal memory of the receiving DBF unit 16 or may be given from the outside of the receiving DBF unit 16.
  • N is an integer of 1 or more.
  • the SW unit 17 outputs each of the N transmission beam signals TB 1 to TB N to the transmission DBF unit 18.
  • the amplitudes and phases of the transmitted beam signals TB m, 1 to TB m, and N are adjusted. Further, the transmission DBF unit 18 multiplies the transmission beam signals TB m, n'after the amplitude phase adjustment by the weight values Wt m, n of the transmission element antenna 23-m when the transmission DBF is performed.
  • the weight values Wt m and n of the transmitting element antenna 23-m may be stored in the internal memory of the transmitting DBF unit 18 or may be given from the outside of the transmitting DBF unit 18.
  • the transmission element signal Tx m is a signal divided into frequency division units.
  • the transmission element signal Tx m has a frequency f 3 of. and the signal, and the signal of frequency f 4, which is a set of the signal of ... frequency f 12.
  • the injection unit 20-m injects the calibration signal S m output from the calibration signal generation unit 35 described later of the signal superimposition unit 31 into the transmission element signal Tx m output from the transmission extraction unit 19-m.
  • Multiplexing section 21-m transmits the transmission element signal Tx m 'after calibration signal injection by injecting section 20-m for multiplexing in the frequency direction.
  • Transmitting device signal Tx m after calibration signal injection ' is, for example, a signal of a frequency f 3, and a signal of a frequency f 4, if a set of signals ... frequency f 12, the multiplexing unit 21 m is a signal of a frequency f 3, and a signal of a frequency f 4, and a signal of ... frequency f 12 for multiplexing in the frequency direction.
  • the combiner 21-m outputs the transmission element signal Tx m "after the combiner to the transmitter 22-m.
  • the transmitter 22-m performs transmission processing on the transmission element signal Tx m "output from the combiner 21-m, and outputs the signal T m after the transmission processing to the transmission element antenna 23-m as a transmission signal.
  • the transmission element signal Tx m digital-to-analog conversion for converting an analog signal from the digital signal, the transmitting element signal Tx m" frequency conversion processing for converting a frequency of, is included in the transmission element signal Tx m " Filter processing that removes high-frequency components and the like, or amplification processing that amplifies the transmission element signal Tx m ”is assumed.
  • the transmission array antenna 23 includes a plurality of transmission element antennas 23-1 to 23-M.
  • the signal superimposing unit 31 includes a received power calculation unit 32, a transmission power calculation unit 33, an unused frequency detection unit 34, and a calibration signal generation unit 35.
  • the signal superimposition unit 31 is among a plurality of frequencies that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave transmission frequency, among the frequencies that are common to the frequencies that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave reception frequency.
  • the repeater 1 detects an unused frequency and generates a calibration signal S m having an unused frequency.
  • Signal superimposing section 31 superimposes the calibration signal S m with a signal supplied to each of the plurality of transmit antenna elements 23-1 ⁇ 23-M.
  • the received power calculation unit 32 is realized by, for example, the received power calculation circuit 41 shown in FIG.
  • the received power calculation unit 32 calculates the power of a plurality of frequency components included in the received signal of the radio wave received by each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K. That is, the reception power calculation unit 32 calculates the power of a plurality of frequency components included in the signal Rf k after each demultiplexing output from the reception extraction units 15-1 to 15-K.
  • the transmission power calculation unit 33 is realized by, for example, the transmission power calculation circuit 42 shown in FIG.
  • the transmission power calculation unit 33 calculates the power of a plurality of frequency components included in the transmission signals given to each of the plurality of transmission element antennas 23-1 to 23-M. That is, the transmission power calculation unit 33 calculates the power of a plurality of frequency components included in the respective transmission element signals Tx m output from the transmission extraction units 19-1 to 19-M.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 is realized by, for example, the unused frequency detection circuit 43 shown in FIG.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 is a repeater in a common frequency based on each power calculated by the reception power calculation unit 32 and each power calculated by the transmission power calculation unit 33. 1 detects an unused frequency.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 35 is realized by, for example, the calibration signal generation circuit 44 shown in FIG.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 35 generates a calibration signal S m having a frequency detected by the unused frequency detection unit 34.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 35 outputs the calibration signal S m to each of the injection units 20-1 to 20-M, thereby supplying the transmission element signal Tx m output from the transmission extraction unit 19-m for calibration.
  • the signal S m is superimposed.
  • the first antenna 36 is a reception pickup antenna that receives radio waves radiated from each of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M and outputs the reception signal of the radio waves to the frequency conversion unit 37.
  • the frequency conversion unit 37 converts the frequency of the received signal output from the first antenna 36 into a frequency that can be received by the receivers 12-1 to 12-M of the repeater 1, and converts the received signal after frequency conversion into a frequency that can be received. Output to the second antenna 38.
  • the calibration device 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a frequency conversion unit 37. However, if the frequency receivable by the receivers 12-1 to 12-M and the frequency receivable by the transmitters 22-1 to 22-M are the same frequency, the calibrator 2 sets the frequency conversion unit 37. No need to implement.
  • the second antenna 38 is a transmission pickup antenna that radiates radio waves related to the received signal after frequency conversion by the frequency conversion unit 37 toward each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K.
  • the calibration unit 39 is realized by, for example, the calibration circuit 45 shown in FIG.
  • the calibration unit 39 uses the received signals of the radio waves received by each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K to calibrate the characteristics of the receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K.
  • the calibration unit 39 calibrates the respective characteristics of the receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K by outputting each of the calibration values CVr 1 to CVr K to the receiving DBF unit 16.
  • each of the received power calculation unit 32, the transmission power calculation unit 33, the unused frequency detection unit 34, the calibration signal generation unit 35, and the calibration unit 39 which are some components of the calibration device 2 is shown in FIG. It is assumed that it will be realized by dedicated hardware as shown in. That is, it is assumed that a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by the received power calculation circuit 41, the transmission power calculation circuit 42, the unused frequency detection circuit 43, the calibration signal generation circuit 44, and the calibration circuit 45.
  • Each of the received power calculation circuit 41, the transmission power calculation circuit 42, the unused frequency detection circuit 43, the calibration signal generation circuit 44, and the calibration circuit 45 is, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, or a parallel programming.
  • the processor, ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or a combination thereof is applicable.
  • the software or firmware is stored as a program in the memory of the computer.
  • a computer means hardware for executing a program, and corresponds to, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a central processing unit, a processing unit, an arithmetic unit, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, a processor, or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). To do.
  • FIG. 3 is a hardware configuration diagram of a computer when a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by software, firmware, or the like.
  • a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by software, firmware, or the like, each of the received power calculation unit 32, the transmission power calculation unit 33, the unused frequency detection unit 34, the calibration signal generation unit 35, and the calibration unit 39, respectively.
  • a program for causing the computer to execute the processing procedure is stored in the memory 51.
  • the processor 52 of the computer executes the program stored in the memory 51.
  • the receiving element antenna 11-k receives radio waves transmitted from an external device (not shown) in addition to the radio waves radiated from the second antenna 38.
  • the demultiplexing unit 14-k outputs the signal Rf k after demultiplexing to the reception / extraction unit 15-k.
  • the reception DBF unit 16 receives the signal Rf k after demultiplexing. , Output to each of the received power calculation unit 32 and the calibration unit 39.
  • the receiving DBF unit 16 multiplies the received demultiplexing signal Rf k, j'after the amplitude phase adjustment by the weight value Wr k, j of the receiving element antenna 11-k.
  • the SW unit 17 outputs each of the N transmission beam signals TB 1 to TB N to the transmission DBF unit 18.
  • the amplitudes and phases of the transmitted beam signals TB m, 1 to TB m, and N are adjusted.
  • the transmission DBF unit 18 multiplies the transmission beam signals TB m, n'after the amplitude phase adjustment by the weight values Wt m, n of the transmission element antenna 23-m when the transmission DBF is performed.
  • the transmission DBF unit 18 adds N signals TB m, n ⁇ CVt m ⁇ Wt m, n related to the mth transmission beam signal among the transmission beam signals after multiplication of M ⁇ N weight values to each other. ..
  • the transmission element signal Tx m is a signal divided into frequency division units.
  • the calibration signal Sm is injected.
  • Injection unit 20-m outputs the transmission element signal Tx m after calibration signal injection 'to the multiplexing unit 21-m.
  • the combiner 21-m outputs the transmission element signal Tx m "after the combiner to the transmitter 22-m.
  • the transmitter 22-m When the transmitter 22-m receives the transmitted element signal Tx m "after the combined wave from the combining unit 21-m, the transmitter 22-m executes a transmission process for the transmitting element signal Tx m " and transmits the signal T m after the transmission process. Output to the element antenna 23-m.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing each processing procedure in the signal superimposing unit 31 and the calibration unit 39.
  • the frequency conversion unit 37 converts the frequency of the received signal output from the first antenna 36 into a frequency that can be received by the receivers 12-1 to 12-M of the repeater 1.
  • the frequency band of the received signal output from the first antenna 36 is a f a ⁇ f b
  • a frequency band which can be received receivers 12-1 ⁇ 12-M is found is f c ⁇ f d
  • the second antenna 38 receives the radio wave related to the received signal output from the first antenna 36 with the receiving element antenna 11-k (k).
  • the receiver 12-k is unable to carry out the reception processing for the received element signal R k output from the receiving antenna elements 11-k. Therefore, the frequency converter 37, as f a ⁇ f b frequency after frequency conversion of the f a ' ⁇ f b', for example, the f c ⁇ f a ' ⁇ f b' ⁇ f d, the The frequency of the received signal output from the antenna 36 of 1 is converted.
  • the frequency conversion unit 37 outputs the frequency-converted signal to the second antenna 38.
  • the second antenna 38 radiates radio waves related to the frequency-converted signal by the frequency conversion unit 37 toward each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K.
  • the frequency band of the signal R k after the reception processing is f 1 to f 10
  • the frequency division unit is 1/10 of the frequency band
  • the frequency of the frequency division unit is f 1 , f 2. ,..., it is f 10.
  • the received power calculation unit 32 uses the power Pr f of a plurality of frequency components included in the signal Rf k after demultiplexing. as calculates the power Pr 1 frequency component of the frequency f 1, a power Pr 2 frequency components of the frequency f 2, a power Pr 10 frequency components ... frequency f 10.
  • the received power calculation unit 32 outputs the received power information IPr f indicating the power Pr f of a plurality of frequency components to the unused frequency detection unit 34.
  • the powers Pt f of the plurality of frequency components are calculated respectively (step ST2 in FIG. 4). For example, when the frequency band of the transmitting element signal Tx m is f 3 to f 12 , and the frequency division unit is one tenth of the frequency band, the frequency of the frequency division unit is f 3 , f 4 , ... ..., it is f 12.
  • the transmission power calculation unit 33 sets the power Pt f of a plurality of frequency components included in the transmission element signal Tx m as the power Pt f. calculating the power Pt 3 frequency component of the frequency f 3, the power Pt 4 frequency component of the frequency f 4, the frequency component of ... frequency f 12 and a power Pt 12.
  • the transmission power calculation unit 33 outputs the transmission power information IPt f indicating the power Pt f of a plurality of frequency components to the unused frequency detection unit 34.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 acquires the received power information IPr f output from the received power calculation unit 32 and the transmission power information IPt f output from the transmission power calculation unit 33.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 is among common frequencies from the power Pr f of a plurality of frequency components indicated by the received power information IPr f and the power Pt f of the plurality of frequency components indicated by the transmission power information IPt f.
  • the repeater 1 detects an unused frequency (step ST3 in FIG. 4).
  • the common frequency is a frequency common to the frequencies that can be received by the receivers 12-1 to 12-K among the plurality of frequencies that can be transmitted by the transmitters 22-1 to 22-M.
  • the unused frequency detection process by the unused frequency detection unit 34 will be specifically described.
  • Multiple frequencies that the transmitters 22-1 to 22-M can transmit are, for example, f 1 , f 2 , f 3 , f 4 , f 5 , f 6 , f 7 , f 8 , f 9 , and f 10 .
  • the common frequencies are f 3 , f 4 , f 5 , f 6 , f 7 , f 8 , f 9 , and f 10 .
  • the threshold value Th may be stored in the internal memory of the unused frequency detection unit 34, or may be given from the outside of the unused frequency detection unit 34.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 is, for example, Pr 3 ⁇ Th, Pr 6 ⁇ Th, Pr 7 ⁇ Th, Pr 4 ⁇ Th, Pr 5 ⁇ Th, Pr 8 ⁇ Th, Pr 9 ⁇ Th, Pr 10 ⁇ If Th, the powers Pr 3, Pr 6, and Pr 7 are detected as the power Pr f smaller than the threshold value Th.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 is, for example, Pt 3 ⁇ Th, Pt 4 ⁇ Th, Pt 6 ⁇ Th, Pt 5 ⁇ Th, Pt 7 ⁇ Th, Pt 8 ⁇ Th, Pt 9 ⁇ Th, Pt 10 ⁇ . If Th, the powers Pt 3, Pt 4, and Pt 6 are detected as the power Pt f smaller than the threshold value Th.
  • the frequencies of the electric powers Pr 3, Pr 6, and Pr 7 detected by the unused frequency detection unit 34 are f 3 , f 6 , and f 7 .
  • the frequencies of the electric powers Pt 3, Pt 4, and Pt 6 detected by the unused frequency detection unit 34 are f 3 , f 4 , and f 6 .
  • Unused frequency detector 34 a power Pr 3, Pr 6, in each of the frequency f 3, f 6, f 7 of Pr 7, power Pt 3, Pt 4, each of the frequency f 3 of Pt 6, f 4, detects a frequency that is common to f 6.
  • the unused frequency detection unit 34 detects the frequency f 3 and the frequency f 6 as common frequencies, and determines that the frequencies f 3 and f 6 are unused frequencies.
  • Calibration signal generator 35 by outputting the generated calibration signal S m to each of the injection section 20-1 ⁇ 20-M, are transmitted from each of the plurality of transmit antenna elements 23-1 ⁇ 23-M The calibration signal S is superimposed on the signal (step ST5 in FIG. 4).
  • the calibration unit 39 calibrates the respective characteristics of the receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K and calibrates the respective characteristics of the transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M (step ST6 in FIG. 4).
  • the characteristic calibration process by the calibration unit 39 will be specifically described.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the characteristics of each part in the relay device shown in FIG.
  • passage characteristics leading to transmitting antenna elements 23-m from the multiplexing unit 21-m is PCt m
  • the binding characteristics of the transmitting antenna elements 23-m to the first antenna 36 is a BCT m To do.
  • the passing characteristic from the first antenna 36 to the second antenna 38 is PCa.
  • the binding characteristics of the receiving antenna elements 11-k from the second antenna 38 is BCr k
  • passing characteristic leading from the receiving antenna elements 11-k to the demultiplexing unit 14-k is assumed to be PCr k.
  • Each binding characteristics BCT m and binding properties BCr k are determined in advance, for example, are stored in the internal memory of the calibration unit 39. However, this is only an example, each of the binding characteristics BCT m and binding properties BCr k, or may be given from the outside of the calibration unit 39.
  • the calibration signal included in the signal T m output to 23-m is represented as PCt m ⁇ S m (t).
  • t is a variable indicating time.
  • the radio wave radiated from the transmitting element antenna 23-m is received by the first antenna 36.
  • the signal input to the second antenna 38 after the radio wave is received by the first antenna 36 is g (t)
  • the signal g (t) is expressed by the following equation (1). Will be done.
  • the radio wave radiated from the second antenna 38 is received by the receiving element antenna 11-k.
  • the signal Rf k (t) after the radio wave is received by the receiving element antenna 11-k and then demultiplexed by the demultiplexing unit 14-k is expressed by the following equation (2).
  • the calibration signals V k and m are signals included in the signal Rf k (t) after demultiplexing, and the calibration signal S m (t) is a signal included in the transmission element signal Tx m.
  • the calibration signals V k and m can be extracted by using a known element electric field vector rotation method (REV method: Rotating element Electrical Vector method). Further, among the M calibration signals S 1 (t) to SM (t), the m-th calibration signal S m (t) and the calibration signals other than the m-th calibration signal S h (t) (h ⁇ m).
  • REV method Rotating element Electrical Vector method
  • the calibration signal S m (t) and the calibration signal S h (t) are multiplied, and the multiplication result of the calibration signal S m (t) and the calibration signal S h (t) is integrated. By doing so, the calibration signal V k, m (t) can be extracted.
  • the orthogonal condition between the calibration signal S m (t) and the calibration signal S h (t) is expressed by the following equation (3).
  • the first signal Rf 1 (t) and the second signal Rf 2 (t) are the first.
  • calibration signal V k which is included in th signal Rf 1 (t) 1 and each of the calibration signals V k, 2 contained in the second signal Rf 1 (t), the following equation (4 ) (5).
  • the calibration unit 39 sets a calibration value CVt 2 for calibrating the characteristics of the transmission element antenna 23-2 as shown in the following equation (9) with reference to the first transmission element antenna 23-1. calculate.
  • the calibration value CVt 1 for calibrating the characteristics of the transmitting element antenna 23-1 is 1.
  • the calibration unit 39 sets the calibration value CVr 2 for calibrating the characteristics of the receiving element antenna 11-2 as shown in the following equation (13) with reference to the first receiving element antenna 11-1. calculate.
  • the calibration value CVr 1 for calibrating the characteristics of the receiving element antenna 11-1 is 1.
  • the radio wave related to the transmission signal radiated from each of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M included in the repeater 1 is received, and the reception signal of the radio wave is output.
  • a second antenna 36 and a second radio wave related to a reception signal output from the first antenna 36 are radiated toward a plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K included in the repeater 1.
  • the calibration device 2 was configured to include the antenna 38. Further, among a plurality of frequencies that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave transmission frequency, the calibration device 2 has a frequency that is common to the frequency that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave reception frequency.
  • the repeater 1 detects an unused frequency, generates a calibration signal having an unused frequency, and calibrates the transmission signal given to each of the plurality of transmission element antennas 23-1 to 23-M.
  • the signal superimposing unit 31 for superimposing the signals and the received signals of the radio waves received by each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K
  • each of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K are used to calibrate the characteristics of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-.
  • It is configured to include a calibration unit 39 for calibrating each characteristic of the M. Therefore, the calibration device 2 can calibrate the respective characteristics of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K and the respective characteristics of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M.
  • the receiving DBF unit 16 multiplies the received demultiplexing signals Rf k, j'after the amplitude phase adjustment by the weight values Wr k, j of the receiving element antenna 11-k.
  • Receiving and demultiplexing signals Rf k after amplitude and phase adjusting, among the j ', the weight value Wr k to be multiplied by the signal of the same frequency as the frequency of the calibration signal S m output from the calibration signal generation unit 35, for j is , 0 may be set.
  • the calibration device 2 shown in FIG. 1 includes a first antenna 36, a frequency conversion unit 37, and a second antenna 38. As shown in FIG. 6, the calibration device 2 may further include a variable attenuator 40.
  • FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a relay device including another calibration device 2 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 6, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the variable attenuator 40 is provided between the frequency conversion unit 37 and the second antenna 38, attenuates the signal after frequency conversion by the frequency conversion unit 37, and outputs the attenuated signal to the second antenna 38. To do. In the calibration device 2 shown in FIG.
  • variable attenuator 40 is provided between the frequency conversion unit 37 and the second antenna 38.
  • the variable attenuator 40 may be provided between the first antenna 36 and the frequency conversion unit 37.
  • the variable attenuator 40 has a frequency. By attenuating the converted signal, saturation at the receiver 12-k can be prevented.
  • the power Pr f of the frequency component is calculated respectively.
  • the power Pt f of the frequency component is calculated respectively.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing a relay device including the other calibration device 2 according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 7, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the characteristics of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K and the respective characteristics of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M are also used. The characteristics can be calibrated.
  • the calibration device when the frequency of the frequency division unit is, for example, f 1 , f 2 , ..., F 10 , and the unused frequency is, for example, frequency f 3 , the calibration device. 2, by using the calibration signal frequency f 3, and calculates the respective calibration values CVr k and calibration values CVT m. Then, the calibration unit 39, by using the calibration value CVr k, to calibrate the characteristics of the receiving antenna elements 11-k, using the calibration value CVT m, are calibrated characteristics of transmission antenna elements 23-m.
  • each of the calibration values CVr k and calibration values CVT m since a calibration value according to the frequency f 3 of the unused calibration unit 39 calibrates accurately the characteristics according to the frequency f 3 in the receiving antenna elements 11-k be able to. Further, the calibration unit 39 can be calibrated accurately the characteristics according to the frequency f 3 in the transmission antenna elements 23-m. Calibration unit 39, for the characteristics of the frequency other than the frequency f 3 in the receiving antenna elements 11-k, are calibrated using the calibration value CVr k. Further, the calibration unit 39, for the characteristics of the frequency other than the frequency f 3 in the transmission antenna elements 23-m, are calibrated using the calibration value CVT m.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 35 has a calibration signal S m having a frequency f 3 and a calibration signal having a frequency f 6. Generate S m and. Then, the calibration signal generation unit 35 outputs each of the calibration signal S m to each of the injection section 20-1 ⁇ 20-M in order.
  • the calibration unit 39 calculates a respective calibration value CVr k and calibration values CVT m for frequencies f 3, and calculates the respective calibration values CVr k and calibration values CVT m for frequencies f 6.
  • the calibration unit 39 has the calibration values CV r k and the calibration value CV t m for the frequency f 3 and the frequency f 6 respectively. calculated by linear interpolation using the respective calibration values CVr k and calibration values CVT m for.
  • the calibration unit 39 calculates by linear interpolation processing, but this is only an example, and may be calculated by, for example, interpolation processing or extrapolation processing.
  • the frequency f A calibration accuracy substantially similar to that of the calibration of the characteristics according to No. 3 can be obtained. Further, calibration of the characteristic according to a frequency other than the frequency f 3 in the transmission antenna elements 23-m is also substantially the same calibration accuracy and calibration characteristics of the frequency f 3 is obtained.
  • Embodiment 2 the calibration device in which the signal superimposing unit 31 includes the frequency information acquisition unit 71 and the calibration signal generation unit 72 will be described.
  • FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a relay device including the calibration device 2 according to the second embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 9 is a hardware configuration diagram showing the respective hardware in the signal superimposing unit 31 and the calibration unit 39 of the calibration device 2 according to the second embodiment.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 is realized by, for example, the frequency information acquisition circuit 46 shown in FIG.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 is among a plurality of frequencies that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave transmission frequency, which are common to the frequencies that the repeater 1 can use for the radio wave reception frequency. Then, the repeater 1 acquires frequency information indicating an unused frequency.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 acquires, for example, from a ground station that transmits frequency information.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 outputs the acquired frequency information to the calibration signal generation unit 72.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 acquires frequency information from, for example, a ground station, but any information can be used as long as it can detect unused frequencies. May be good.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 may acquire the routing information used for the routing process of the SW unit 7 from the ground station and detect the unused frequency from the routing information.
  • the routing information is information indicating before and after the arrangement of frequencies, that is, information indicating the frequency of the receiving beam and the frequency of the transmitting beam. Therefore, routing information is a concept included in frequency information.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 72 is realized by, for example, the calibration signal generation circuit 47 shown in FIG.
  • the calibration signal generation unit 72 detects an unused frequency by the repeater 1 by referring to the frequency information acquired by the frequency information acquisition unit 71.
  • the calibration signal Sm is superimposed on the signals transmitted from each of 1 to 23-M.
  • each of the frequency information acquisition unit 71, the calibration signal generation unit 72, and the calibration unit 39, which are a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by dedicated hardware as shown in FIG. Is assumed. That is, it is assumed that a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by the frequency information acquisition circuit 46, the calibration signal generation circuit 47, and the calibration circuit 45.
  • Each of the frequency information acquisition circuit 46, the calibration signal generation circuit 47, and the calibration circuit 45 is, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, a programmed processor, a parallel programmed processor, an ASIC, an FPGA, or a combination thereof. The thing is applicable.
  • Some components of the calibration device 2 are not limited to those realized by dedicated hardware, and a part of the calibration device 2 is realized by software, firmware, or a combination of software and firmware. It may be a thing.
  • a program for causing a computer to execute each processing procedure of the frequency information acquisition unit 71, the calibration signal generation unit 72, and the calibration unit 39 is shown in FIG. It is stored in the memory 51 shown in. Then, the processor 52 of the computer executes the program stored in the memory 51.
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 acquires frequency information indicating an unused frequency from, for example, a ground station
  • the frequency information acquisition unit 71 outputs the frequency information to the calibration signal generation unit 72.
  • the characteristics of the plurality of receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K and the respective characteristics of the plurality of transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23-M are also used. The characteristics can be calibrated.
  • FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a satellite communication system according to the third embodiment.
  • the satellite communication system includes a communication satellite 81, a control station 82, a user station 83, and a user station 84.
  • the satellite communication system shown in FIG. 10 includes two user stations 83 and 84. However, this is only an example, and may include, for example, three or more user stations.
  • the communication satellite 81 is equipped with the relay device shown in FIGS. 1, 6, 7, or 8.
  • the communication satellite 81 receives the radio wave transmitted from the user station 83, and transmits the radio wave related to the reception signal of the radio wave to the control station 82.
  • the communication satellite 81 receives the radio wave transmitted from the control station 82, and transmits the radio wave related to the reception signal of the radio wave to the user station 83.
  • the communication satellite 81 receives the radio wave transmitted from the user station 84, and transmits the radio wave related to the reception signal of the radio wave to the control station 82. Further, the communication satellite 81 receives the radio wave transmitted from the control station 82, and transmits the radio wave related to the reception signal of the radio wave to the user station 84. If the relay device mounted on the communication satellite 81 is the relay device shown in FIG. 8, the communication satellite 81 acquires frequency information from the control station 82.
  • the control station 82 is, for example, a ground station installed on the ground.
  • the control station 82 transmits and receives radio waves to and from the communication satellite 81. If the relay device mounted on the communication satellite 81 is the relay device shown in FIG. 8, the control station 82 transmits the frequency information to the communication satellite 81.
  • Each of the user station 83 and the user station 84 transmits and receives radio waves to and from the communication satellite 81.
  • the user station 83 when the user station 83 provides data to the control station 82, the user station 83 transmits radio waves including the data to the communication satellite 81.
  • the relay device mounted on the communication satellite 81 as shown in the first and second embodiments, the characteristics of the receiving element antennas 11-1 to 11-K are calibrated, and the transmitting element antennas 23-1 to 23 are calibrated. -Each characteristic in M is calibrated.
  • the relay device mounted on the communication satellite 81 receives the radio wave including the data transmitted from the user station 83, and transmits the radio wave including the data to the control station 82.
  • the present disclosure is suitable for a calibration device, a calibration method, and a calibration program for calibrating each characteristic of a plurality of receiving element antennas and each characteristic of a plurality of transmitting element antennas. Further, the present disclosure is suitable for a relay device including a calibration device. Further, the present disclosure is suitable for a satellite communication system including a communication satellite on which a relay device is mounted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif d'étalonnage (2) conçu pour comprendre : une première antenne (36) qui reçoit des ondes radio associées à un signal de transmission rayonnant à partir de chaque antenne d'une pluralité d'antennes d'élément de transmission (23-1) à (23-M) appartenant à un répéteur (1) et qui émet un signal de réception des ondes radio ; et une seconde antenne (38) pour faire rayonner, vers une pluralité d'antennes d'élément de réception (11-1) à (11-K) appartenant au répéteur (1), des ondes radio associées au signal de réception émis depuis la première antenne (36). Le dispositif d'étalonnage (2) est également conçu pour comprendre : une unité de superposition de signaux (31) qui détecte une fréquence non utilisée par le répéteur (1) parmi les fréquences en commun avec une pluralité de fréquences qui peuvent être utilisées par le répéteur (1) en tant que fréquence de transmission d'ondes radio et de fréquences qui peuvent être utilisées par le répéteur (1) en tant que fréquence de réception d'ondes radio, qui génère un signal d'étalonnage ayant la fréquence non utilisée, et qui superpose le signal d'étalonnage sur un signal de transmission donné à chaque antenne de la pluralité d'antennes d'élément de transmission (23-1) à (23-M) ; et une unité d'étalonnage (39) qui étalonne des caractéristiques dans chaque antenne de la pluralité d'antennes d'élément de réception (11-1) à (11-K) en utilisant le signal de réception d'ondes radio reçues par chaque antenne de la pluralité d'antennes d'élément de réception (11-1) à (11-K) et qui étalonne des caractéristiques dans chaque antenne de la pluralité d'antennes d'élément de transmission (23-1) à (23-M) à l'aide d'un signal d'étalonnage compris dans le signal de réception d'ondes radio reçues par chaque antenne de la pluralité d'antennes d'élément de réception (11-1) à (11-K).
PCT/JP2020/000214 2020-01-08 2020-01-08 Dispositif d'étalonnage, procédé d'étalonnage, programme d'étalonnage, dispositif de répétition et système de communication par satellite WO2021140580A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2020/000214 WO2021140580A1 (fr) 2020-01-08 2020-01-08 Dispositif d'étalonnage, procédé d'étalonnage, programme d'étalonnage, dispositif de répétition et système de communication par satellite
JP2021561928A JP7034394B2 (ja) 2020-01-08 2020-01-08 校正装置、校正方法、校正プログラム、中継装置及び衛星通信システム

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6385435B1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2002-05-07 Jhong Sam Lee Coupled interference concellation system for wideband repeaters in a cellular system
US20100254299A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Peter Kenington Radio system and a method for relaying packetized radio signals
US20130235962A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2013-09-12 Socowave Technologies Limited Mimo antenna calibration device, integrated circuit and method for compensating phase mismatch
US20130279399A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2013-10-24 Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson (Publ) Self-interference suppression control for a relay node

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6385435B1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2002-05-07 Jhong Sam Lee Coupled interference concellation system for wideband repeaters in a cellular system
US20100254299A1 (en) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-07 Peter Kenington Radio system and a method for relaying packetized radio signals
US20130279399A1 (en) * 2010-10-29 2013-10-24 Telefonaktiebolaget L. M. Ericsson (Publ) Self-interference suppression control for a relay node
US20130235962A1 (en) * 2010-11-17 2013-09-12 Socowave Technologies Limited Mimo antenna calibration device, integrated circuit and method for compensating phase mismatch

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