WO2021139732A1 - 一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器 - Google Patents

一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021139732A1
WO2021139732A1 PCT/CN2021/070707 CN2021070707W WO2021139732A1 WO 2021139732 A1 WO2021139732 A1 WO 2021139732A1 CN 2021070707 W CN2021070707 W CN 2021070707W WO 2021139732 A1 WO2021139732 A1 WO 2021139732A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
photographing
panoramic
aircraft
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/070707
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴启江
刘靖康
何可辉
Original Assignee
影石创新科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
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Application filed by 影石创新科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 影石创新科技股份有限公司
Priority to US17/790,984 priority Critical patent/US20230043497A1/en
Priority to EP21738752.1A priority patent/EP4089997A4/en
Priority to JP2022541886A priority patent/JP7407949B2/ja
Publication of WO2021139732A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021139732A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
    • G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
    • G06T3/4038—Scaling the whole image or part thereof for image mosaicing, i.e. plane images composed of plane sub-images
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C39/00—Aircraft not otherwise provided for
    • B64C39/02—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use
    • B64C39/024—Aircraft not otherwise provided for characterised by special use of the remote controlled vehicle type, i.e. RPV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/08—Arrangements of cameras
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13—Flying platforms
    • B64U10/14—Flying platforms with four distinct rotor axes, e.g. quadcopters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/041—Allowing quick release of the apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/22—Undercarriages with or without wheels with approximately constant height, e.g. with constant length of column or of legs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
    • F16M13/02—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles for supporting on, or attaching to, an object, e.g. tree, gate, window-frame, cycle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/006—Apparatus mounted on flying objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
    • G03B37/04—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with cameras or projectors providing touching or overlapping fields of view
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/10—Segmentation; Edge detection
    • G06T7/174—Segmentation; Edge detection involving the use of two or more images
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68—Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682—Vibration or motion blur correction
    • H04N23/685—Vibration or motion blur correction performed by mechanical compensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/695—Control of camera direction for changing a field of view, e.g. pan, tilt or based on tracking of objects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/698—Control of cameras or camera modules for achieving an enlarged field of view, e.g. panoramic image capture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/80—Camera processing pipelines; Components thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/90—Arrangement of cameras or camera modules, e.g. multiple cameras in TV studios or sports stadiums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of aerial photography, and in particular relates to a panoramic photographing device, a panoramic photographing system, a photographing method and an aircraft.
  • UAVs are unmanned aircraft operated by radio remote control equipment and self-provided program control devices, or operated completely or intermittently autonomously by computers.
  • civilian aircraft unmanned aerial vehicles
  • the photographing device is used for photographing during the flight of the aircraft.
  • the aircraft in the prior art cannot completely hide the aircraft body and the shooting device during panoramic shooting.
  • the aircraft body or the shooting device is likely to appear in the captured pictures or videos, which affects the quality of the photos or videos captured by the aircraft, especially in When shooting panoramic photos or panoramic videos, the aircraft body or the occlusion such as the aircraft propeller is more serious, resulting in complicated post-processing images.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems and provides a panoramic shooting device, a panoramic shooting system, a shooting method, and an aircraft, which can completely hide the aircraft body and the shooting device when shooting panoramic photos or panoramic videos.
  • a panoramic photographing device comprising a bracket for connecting with the aircraft body and a photographing module mounted on the bracket, the photographing module comprising a first photographing module arranged facing a first direction Group and a second camera module facing in a second direction, the first direction is opposite to the second direction, the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module and the maximum angle of view of the second camera module The corresponding lines of sight intersect.
  • the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module and the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second camera module do not intersect the bracket and the aircraft body.
  • the bracket includes a first clamping member and a second clamping member; the first clamping member and the second clamping member are connected to form a clamping structure for clamping the aircraft body Or, the bracket is connected to the aircraft body through a locking structure or a buckle structure.
  • the first clamping member is integrally formed or formed by assembling at least two pieces; the second clamping member is integrally formed or formed by assembling at least two pieces.
  • a clamping structure is provided between the first clamping component and the second clamping component, and the clamping structure is a buckle or thread locking structure.
  • the upper and lower ends of the bracket are respectively provided with installation structures for installing the photographing module.
  • the mounting structure is provided with an adjustment structure for adjusting the plane position or/and the longitudinal position of the photographing module.
  • the adjustment structure is a flat pan/tilt or a lifting pan/tilt.
  • the first shooting module and the second shooting module both include at least one fish-eye camera, and the maximum viewing angle of the fish-eye camera is greater than 180 degrees.
  • the panoramic photographing device further includes a host module arranged on the bracket, and the host module includes a storage module for storing images taken by the photographing module, and a storage module for processing the images taken by the photographing module. At least one of a processing module for obtaining a processed image from a captured image, and a communication module for transmitting an image captured by the capturing module or an image processed by the processing module to a remote terminal.
  • the panoramic photographing device further includes a power source for supplying power to the host module or/and the photographing module.
  • the present invention also provides a shooting method, which adopts the above-mentioned panoramic shooting device, and includes the following steps:
  • the first photographing module of the panoramic photographing device acquires a first image in a first direction
  • the second photographing module of the panoramic photographing device acquires a second image in a second direction
  • the processing module of the panoramic camera or the aircraft receives the first image and the second image of the first camera module and the second camera module, and synthesizes the first image and the second image to form a panoramic image Send to a remote terminal, or the remote terminal receives the first image and the second image of the first photographing module and the second photographing module, and synthesizes the first image and the second image to form a panoramic image.
  • the present invention also provides an aircraft including an aircraft body, the aircraft further comprising the aforementioned panoramic camera, the bracket is connected to the aircraft body, and the bracket is suitable for installation and releasably fixed to the aircraft Part of the ontology.
  • the position of the first photographing module satisfies: H1>L1/tan ⁇ 1, wherein the first photographing module is adjusted along the lens center axis direction to the maximum angle of view corresponding to the line of sight and the aircraft has an intersection point and When it is the farthest position from the aircraft, the intersection of the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module and the aircraft is the first farthest point, and L1 is the first farthest point to the first shooting
  • the vertical line segment of the lens center axis of the module, the first farthest point and the lens center axis of the first shooting module have a first vertical foot, and ⁇ 1 is the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first shooting module
  • the included angle of the lens center axis, H1 is the distance between the lens center point of the first photographing module and the first vertical foot.
  • the position of the second photographing module satisfies: H2>L2/tan ⁇ 2, wherein the second photographing module is adjusted along the central axis of the lens to the maximum angle of view corresponding to the line of sight that has an intersection with the aircraft and is away from the aircraft In the farthest position, the intersection of the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second camera module and the aircraft is the second farthest point, and L2 is the lens from the second farthest point to the second camera module
  • the vertical line segment of the central axis, the second farthest point and the central axis of the lens of the second photographing module have a second vertical foot, and ⁇ 2 is the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second photographing module and the central axis of the lens
  • the included angle, H2 is the distance between the lens center point of the second camera module and the second vertical foot.
  • the present invention also provides a panoramic shooting system.
  • the panoramic shooting system includes the aforementioned panoramic shooting device and a remote terminal for receiving images sent by the panoramic shooting device.
  • the remote terminal has a memory for storing images captured by the first and second photographing modules, and a processor for synthesizing the images in the memory into panoramic media, and
  • the remote terminal also has a display device for displaying the panoramic media synthesized by the processor.
  • the present invention also provides a panoramic shooting system.
  • the panoramic shooting system includes the above-mentioned aircraft and a remote terminal for receiving images sent by the aircraft or the panoramic shooting device.
  • the remote terminal has a memory for receiving images captured by the first and second photographing modules, and a processor for synthesizing the images in the memory into panoramic media, and
  • the remote terminal also has a display device for displaying the panoramic media synthesized by the processor.
  • the invention provides a panoramic photographing device, a panoramic photographing system, a photographing method and an aircraft.
  • the photographing device completely hides the aircraft body and the photographing device when the aircraft takes a panoramic photo or panoramic video during the flight, so that the photograph taken by the photographing device or The aircraft body and shooting device will not appear in the video, the panoramic image shooting effect is good, and the post-processing image is relatively simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first clamping member of a panoramic photographing device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second clamping member of a panoramic photographing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a right side view of a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure from another perspective of a panoramic shooting device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a front view of a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a rear view of a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of line-of-sight analysis of a camera module in an aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic diagram of line-of-sight analysis of a camera module in an aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a top view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a rear view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a front view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a bottom view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a left side view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a right side view of an aircraft provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • setting and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be directly arranged and connected, or indirectly arranged and connected through a centered component or a centered structure.
  • a panoramic photographing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a bracket 2 for connecting with the aircraft body 3 and a photographing module 1 mounted on the bracket 2.
  • the photographing module 1 includes The first camera module 11 and the second camera module 12 facing the second direction are arranged in the first direction. The first direction is opposite to the second direction.
  • the line of sight and the first camera module 11 corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the aircraft body 3
  • the lines of sight corresponding to the maximum viewing angle of the two shooting modules 12 intersect (see FIG. 10), that is, the maximum image range that can be obtained by the first shooting module 11 partially overlaps with the maximum image range that can be obtained by the second shooting module 12, so that Form a panoramic image (picture or video).
  • the first photographing module 11 photographs the scene in the first direction
  • the second photographing module 12 photographs the scene in the second direction.
  • the pictures taken by the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 are stored and passed through the software Through the synthesis process, a panoramic photo or panoramic video can be obtained. Since the aircraft body 3 can be located in the blind area of the first shooting module 11 and the second shooting module 12, the aircraft body and the shooting device can be completely integrated when shooting a panoramic photo. Hidden, the aircraft body or the shooting device will not block the panoramic image, the panoramic shooting effect is good, and the post-processing of the image is relatively simple.
  • the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first photographing module 11 and the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second photographing module 12 do not intersect the bracket 2 and the aircraft body 3.
  • the aircraft can be completely hidden during the shooting process, and the panoramic image processing process is simple and fast.
  • the multi-axis rotary-wing drone is taken as an example of the aircraft.
  • the angle of view of the picture taken by the first camera module 11 may be greater than 180°, and the angle of view of the picture taken by the second camera module 12 may also be greater than 180°. That is, the maximum viewing angles of the first shooting module 11 and the second shooting module 12 are both greater than 180°, and the line of sight corresponding to the maximum viewing angles of the first shooting module 11 and the second shooting module 12 intersects the aircraft body 3
  • the peripheral side see Figure 10
  • the first shooting module 11 and the second shooting module 11 can be directly photographed.
  • the pictures taken by the module 12 are synthesized to obtain a complete panoramic image, and the panoramic image processing process is simple and fast.
  • the first direction is a direction toward the upper side of the aircraft body 3, and the second direction is a direction toward the lower side of the aircraft body 3. That is, the first camera module 11 is located above the aircraft body 3 with the lens facing upward. The second camera module 12 is located below the aircraft body 3 with the lens facing downwards. The lens directions of the first camera module 11 and the second camera module 12 are both facing away from the aircraft body 3. In this way, the aircraft body 3 can be located at the A viewing angle blind area of a photographing module 11 and a second photographing module 12.
  • first direction and the second direction may also be the left and right directions of the aircraft, that is, the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 may also be located on the left and right sides of the aircraft body 3.
  • first camera module 11 and the second camera module 12 can be respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the bracket 2 (that is, above and below the aircraft), or they can be respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket 2 (that is, (Both sides of the aircraft) or diagonally above, diagonally below, etc.
  • the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 may respectively include one, two or more imaging lenses.
  • the maximum angle of view of the first photographing module 11 is the maximum angle of view formed by superimposing the angles of the imaging lenses.
  • the second The maximum viewing angle of the photographing module 12 is the maximum viewing angle formed by superimposing the viewing angles of the imaging lenses.
  • the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 may also include only one fisheye lens.
  • the maximum angle of view of the lens is the maximum angle of view of the first camera module 11 and the second camera module 12.
  • the camera module 1 can also be placed on a rotating pan/tilt, and the camera module 1 can obtain images in different directions through the rotation of the rotating pan/tilt, and then synthesize through software.
  • the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 both include at least one fisheye camera.
  • the maximum viewing angle of the fisheye camera is greater than 180 degrees, and the fisheye camera can achieve a larger shooting angle to reduce the number of cameras in the shooting module, thereby reducing the weight of the shooting device, and further increasing the flying height and flight mileage of the aircraft.
  • the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 are the same, except that the installation positions and orientations are different.
  • the bracket 2 includes a first clamping member 21 and a second clamping member 22; the first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22 are connected and formed for clamping the aircraft body 3
  • the bracket 2 may be in an open shape (for example, a C shape) or a closed shape (for example, a mouth shape) or the like.
  • the bracket 2 is detachably connected to the aircraft, and the camera can be removed from the aircraft body 3 when the panoramic aerial photography function is not required. When the panoramic aerial photography function is needed, the camera is installed on the aircraft body 3 through the clamping structure formed by the first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22.
  • the clamping structure can adapt the camera to various models (different sizes)
  • the aircraft improves the practicability of the shooting device.
  • the bracket 2 may also be connected to the aircraft body 3 through a locking structure, a buckle structure, a strap structure, or the like.
  • the locking structure may be a screw, and the bracket 2 may be suitably installed and releasably fixed to a part of the aircraft body by using the screw.
  • first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22 can be clamped on the top and bottom of the aircraft body 3, and can also be clamped on both sides of the aircraft body 3.
  • different aircraft models have different appearances of their bodies.
  • the use of a clamping structure to clamp the aircraft can adapt to various shapes of aircraft.
  • the first clamping member 21 is integrally formed or formed by assembling at least two pieces; the second clamping member 22 is integrally formed or formed by assembling at least two pieces.
  • first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22 can be made of plastic or light alloy, and hollows can be appropriately provided in some non-critical parts to reduce the weight of the camera device, thereby improving the aircraft’s performance. Flight altitude and flight mileage.
  • a clamping structure 23 is provided between the first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22, and the clamping structure 23 may be a buckle or a threaded locking structure or the like.
  • the clamping structure 23 can adjust the distance between the first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22, that is, the clamping structure 23 can adjust the tightness of the clamping structure when it is clamped to the aircraft body 3.
  • it can be applied to The aircraft body 3 of different sizes, on the other hand, can make the connection between the camera body 3 and the camera body 3 more reliable, so that the camera device can be more reliable and stable during flight shooting, and the captured images can be better.
  • the first clamping member 21 includes a first bracket 211 and a first clamping member 212 connected to the first bracket 211
  • the second clamping member 22 includes a second bracket 221 and Connected to the second clamping member 222 of the second bracket 221
  • the first bracket 211 is detachably connected to the second bracket 221
  • the first bracket 211 or/and the second bracket 221 may have a U-shaped structure
  • the first bracket 211 and The space formed between the second brackets 221 is used for accommodating the aircraft body 3.
  • the first bracket 211 can also be integrally formed on the second bracket 221.
  • the clamping structure 23 adopts a threaded locking structure
  • the threaded locking structure includes a clamping protrusion 232 that is integrally formed or fixedly connected to the first bracket 211 and has a through hole
  • the clamping nut 231 that is integrally formed or fixedly connected to the second bracket 221 and the clamping stud 233 threadedly connected to the clamping nut 231 after passing through the through hole, when the clamping stud 233 is tightened, the clamping stud 233 continuously squeezes the clamping protrusion 232 to keep close to the clamping nut 231, so that the first bracket 211 and the second bracket 221 are constantly approaching, so that the first clamping member 2122 and the second clamping member 222 can hold the aircraft body 3 Clamp.
  • clamping structures 23 there are two threaded locking structures, which are respectively provided on both sides of the bracket 2.
  • one or more threaded clamping structures 23 can be provided.
  • different clamping methods can also be used.
  • the clamping structure 23 can directly act on the clamping structure.
  • the first clamping member 212 is slidably connected to the first bracket 211
  • the second clamping member 222 is fixedly connected or slidably connected to the second bracket 221.
  • a clamping piece 212 and a second clamping piece 222 can be moved closer to or away from each other by sliding, the clamping protrusion 232 is fixedly connected or integrally formed on the first clamping piece 212, and the clamping nut 231 is fixedly connected or integrally formed on the second clamping piece 212.
  • the clamping member 222 continuously tightens the clamping stud 233 to keep the first clamping member 212 and the second clamping member 222 closer, so that the clamping structure clamps the aircraft body 3.
  • the first clamping member 212 and the second clamping member 222 can be curved plates with a certain degree of elasticity, and the curved plates with elasticity can better adapt to various aircraft bodies 3. Further improve the practicability of the camera.
  • the first clamping member 212 is an arc-shaped plate
  • the second clamping member 222 is a flat plate whose size is smaller than that of the first clamping member 212.
  • Such a design can not reduce the reliability of the clamping structure. Reduce the weight of the camera as much as possible to further increase the flying height and mileage of the aircraft.
  • the upper and lower ends of the bracket 2 are respectively provided with mounting structures for installing the photographing module 1, that is, the first clamping member 21 and the second clamping member 22 are both provided with The installation structure of the shooting module 1 is installed.
  • the first camera module 11 is mounted on the first clamping member 21 and the second camera module 12 is mounted on the second clamping member 22 through the mounting structure.
  • the installation structure is provided with an adjustment structure for adjusting the planar position or/and the longitudinal position of the photographing module 1.
  • the adjustment structure can adjust the position of the photographing module 1 relative to the bracket 2, that is, the photographing module 1 can be moved in a plane or vertically (adjusting the distance between the photographing module 1 and the aircraft) through the adjusting structure. In actual situations, there are various aircraft models.
  • the camera module 1 may not be in the best shooting position.
  • the position of the camera module 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the structure to adjust the camera module 1’s position. The angle of view of the picture, so that the picture taken by the photographing module 1 reaches the best.
  • the installation structure includes an installation stand 24.
  • Two installation stands 24 are provided for installing the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12, respectively.
  • Each installation stand 24 is provided for accommodating the photographing module 1.
  • the two sides of the installation groove are provided with elastic arms 241, the elastic arm 241 is provided with a limit protrusion 242 facing one side of the installation groove, and the first camera module 11 and the second camera module 12 are provided at corresponding positions on both sides
  • the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 can also be fixed to the mounting platform 24 by other buckle structures and the like.
  • different installation structures can also be used.
  • multiple limiting grooves 111 may be horizontally arranged, and different limiting grooves 111 are engaged with the limiting protrusions 242 to adjust the installation position of the photographing module, thereby improving the applicability of the photographing device.
  • the bottom surface of the mounting groove can be provided with a sliding groove 243
  • the bottom surface of the shooting module 1 is provided with a slider 121 slidably connected to the sliding groove 243.
  • the slider 121 and the sliding groove 243 can be used for Guide the camera module to be installed in the installation slot.
  • the adjustment structure can be a flat pan/tilt or a lifting pan/tilt.
  • the flat pan/tilt or elevating pan/tilt can automatically or manually adjust the position of the installation structure relative to the aircraft to adjust the position of the camera module so that the camera module is in the best position for shooting.
  • the gimbal may have a certain anti-shake function.
  • the pan-tilt can be automatically adjusted to eliminate the influence caused by the disturbance of the airflow or the vibration of the wings, so that the camera module 1 is in a stable state, thereby improving the effect of the image captured by the camera.
  • the panoramic photographing device further includes a host module 25 arranged on the bracket 2.
  • the host module 25 includes a storage module for storing images taken by the photographing module, and for processing the photographing module.
  • the processing module (processor) of the processed image (panoramic picture or panoramic video) from the image taken by the group 1 is used to transmit the image taken by the photographing module 1 or the image processed by the processing module to a remote terminal At least one of the communication modules.
  • the image captured by the camera module 1 can be stored in the storage module of the host module 25, or the captured image can be directly stored in the aircraft.
  • the image can also be directly transmitted to the user terminal through the communication module. .
  • the panoramic camera may not be equipped with a battery module, and can share power with the aircraft, thereby further reducing the weight of the aircraft.
  • the panoramic photographing device further includes a power source for supplying power to the host module 25 or/and the photographing module, and the power source may be set in the bracket 2 or built in the host module 25, etc. Place.
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a shooting method, which adopts the above-mentioned panoramic shooting device, and includes the following steps:
  • the first photographing module 11 of the panoramic photographing device acquires a first image in a first direction
  • the second photographing module 12 of the panoramic photographing device acquires a second image in a second direction
  • the processing module of the panoramic photographing device or the aircraft receives the first image (picture or video) and the second image (picture or video) of the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12.
  • the first image and the second image are synthesized to form a panoramic image (panoramic picture or panoramic video) and sent to the remote terminal, or the remote terminal receives the first image of the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 ,
  • the second image and the first image and the second image are combined to form a panoramic image.
  • the present invention also provides an aircraft, as shown in Figures 1 to 17, comprising an aircraft body 3 and the above-mentioned photographing device.
  • the bracket 2 is connected to the aircraft body 3, that is, the bracket 2 is suitable for installation and releasably fixed on A part of the aircraft body.
  • the upper end and the lower end of the bracket 2 are located above and below the aircraft body 3, respectively, and the first camera module 11 is installed on the upper end of the bracket 2 and faces above the aircraft.
  • the second camera module 12 is installed at the lower end of the bracket 2 and faces below the aircraft.
  • the structure and installation method of the bracket 2 can be set according to the actual situation, and the structure of the aircraft can also be selected according to the actual situation, which can be a fixed-wing aircraft or a rotary-wing aircraft.
  • the position of the first photographing module 11 satisfies: H1>L1/tan ⁇ 1, wherein the first photographing module 11 is adjusted along the central axis of the lens to the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view
  • the intersection of the line of sight corresponding to the maximum viewing angle (greater than 180 degrees) of the first camera module 11 and the aircraft is the first farthest point C1
  • L1 is a vertical line segment from the first farthest point C1 to the central axis of the lens of the first photographing module 11
  • the farthest point and the central axis of the lens of the first photographing module have a first vertical foot B1
  • ⁇ 1 is the angle between the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module 11 and the central axis of the lens (the angle is less than 90 degrees)
  • the maximum angle of view of the first camera module 11 (set to X) is greater than 180 degrees
  • the position of the second photographing module 12 satisfies: H2>L2/tan ⁇ 2, wherein the second photographing module 12 is adjusted along the central axis of the lens to the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view (greater than 180 degrees) and the aircraft
  • the intersection point between the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second camera module 12 and the aircraft is the second farthest point C2
  • L2 is the first farthest point C2 to
  • the vertical line segment of the lens central axis of the second photographing module 12, the second farthest point C2 and the lens central axis of the second photographing module 12 have a second vertical foot B2, and ⁇ 2 is the largest of the second photographing module 12
  • the angle between the line of sight corresponding to the viewing angle and the central axis of the lens (the included angle is less than 90 degrees), the maximum viewing angle of the second camera module 12 (set to X) is greater than 180 degrees, the included angle ( ⁇ 2) is an acute angle
  • the first farthest point C1 is the wing tip of the rotor of the aircraft. That is, the first camera module 11 adjusts its position along the direction of the lens center axis, and on the premise that the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module 11 has an intersection with the aircraft, the first camera module 11 is away from the aircraft along the lens center axis direction.
  • the intersection point of the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the first camera module 11 and the aircraft is located at the wing tip of the rotor of the aircraft, that is, C1.
  • C1 and the lens center axis have a first vertical foot B1
  • L1 is a vertical line segment C1B1 from the first furthest point C1 to the lens center axis of the first photographing module 11
  • ⁇ 1 is the first photographing module 11
  • the second farthest point C2 may also be the wing tip of the rotor of the aircraft. That is, the second camera module 12 adjusts its position along the direction of the central axis of the lens. Under the premise that the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second camera module 12 has an intersection with the aircraft, the second camera module 12 is away from the aircraft along the direction of the central axis of the lens. When the farthest, the intersection point of the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second camera module 12 and the aircraft is located at the wing tip of the rotor of the aircraft, that is, C2.
  • C2 and the central axis of the lens have a second vertical foot B2
  • L2 is a vertical line segment C2B2 from the second furthest point C2 to the central axis of the lens of the second photographing module 12
  • ⁇ 2 is the second photographing module 12
  • the angle between the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view and the central axis of the lens (an angle less than 90 degrees), the maximum angle of view (set X) of the second camera module 12 is greater than 180 degrees, and the angle ( ⁇ 2) is an acute angle
  • ⁇ 2 0.5*(360-X)
  • H2 is the distance between the lens center point A2 of the second photographing module 12 (when in the actual installation position) and the second vertical foot B2.
  • first farthest point C1 and the second farthest point C2 may also be located at the housing of the aircraft, etc.
  • C1 and the central axis of the lens have a first vertical foot B1, and L1 is the location.
  • the second farthest point C2 is located at the corner of the aircraft shell, the second farthest point C2 and the lens center axis have a second vertical foot B2, and L2 is the second farthest point C2 to the second shooting module 12
  • the vertical line segment C2B2 of the central axis of the lens of the second photographing module 12 ⁇ 2 is the angle between the line of sight corresponding to the maximum angle of view of the second photographing module 12 and the central axis of the lens (the included angle is less than 90 degrees), and the maximum of the second photographing module 12
  • the lines of sight corresponding to the maximum viewing angles of the first photographing module 11 and the second photographing module 12 intersect the circumference of the aircraft body 3 (point D).
  • the embodiment of the present invention also provides a panoramic shooting system.
  • the panoramic shooting system includes the aforementioned panoramic shooting device and a remote terminal for receiving images sent by the panoramic shooting device.
  • the remote terminal may be a terminal computer or a cloud. Server, remote control, mobile phone, tablet computer, etc.
  • the panoramic photographing device may include a host module 25, and the image captured by the photographing module 1 may be stored in the host module 25 or directly sent to a remote terminal.
  • the host module 25 may directly send the image to the remote terminal, or may send the image to the remote terminal after synthesizing the panoramic image through the processing module in the host module 25.
  • the panoramic camera can share the power supply with the aircraft, or it can be powered by an independent power supply.
  • the remote terminal has a memory for storing images taken by the first and second photographing modules, and for synthesizing the images in the memory into panoramic media (including 360-degree panoramic views).
  • the remote terminal also has a display device (display interface) for displaying panoramic media synthesized by the processor.
  • the memory can also be used to store the panoramic media synthesized by the processor. media.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a panoramic shooting system, which includes the above-mentioned aircraft and a remote terminal for receiving images sent by the aircraft or the panoramic shooting device.
  • the remote terminal can be a terminal computer, a cloud server, a remote control of an aircraft, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, etc.
  • the panoramic photographing device or the aircraft body may include a host module 25, and the image captured by the photographing module 1 may be stored in the host module 25 or directly sent to a remote terminal.
  • the host module 25 may directly send the image to the remote terminal, or may send the image to the remote terminal after synthesizing the panoramic image through the processing module in the host module 25.
  • the remote terminal has a memory for storing images taken by the first and second photographing modules, and for synthesizing the images in the memory into panoramic media (including 360-degree panoramic views).
  • the remote terminal also has a display device (display interface) for displaying panoramic media synthesized by the processor.
  • the memory can also be used to store the panoramic media synthesized by the processor. media.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a panoramic shooting device, a panoramic shooting system, a shooting method, and an aircraft.
  • the shooting device completely hides the aircraft body 3 or the shooting device when the aircraft is flying to take a panoramic photo or a panoramic video, so that the shooting device can shoot.
  • the aircraft body 3 or the shooting device will not appear in the photos or videos, and the bracket can be adapted to different drones.
  • the bracket adapter
  • the fisheye lens shooting module
  • the drone Distance to meet the needs of panoramic aerial photography; in specific applications, the images acquired by the fisheye lens (shooting module) can be stored locally in the adapter, or stored in the drone, or directly communicated with the remote terminal (such as a computer) , Real-time transmission of the acquired images, the panoramic shooting effect is good, and the post-processing of the images is relatively simple.

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Abstract

本发明适用于航拍技术领域，公开了一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器，拍摄装置包括用于与飞行器本体连接的支架以及安装于支架的拍摄模组，所述拍摄模组包括朝向于第一、第二方向设置的第一、第二拍摄模组，第一、第二方向相反，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线相交。拍摄方法采用上述拍摄装置，飞行器具有上述拍摄装置，全景拍摄系统具有上述远程终端和上述拍摄装置/飞行器。本发明提供的一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器，其能够在拍摄全景照片或者全景视频时，可以将飞行器本体、拍摄装置完全隐藏，全景拍摄效果佳，后期处理图像相对简单。

Description

一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器 技术领域
本发明属于航拍技术领域，尤其涉及一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器。
背景技术
无人机是利用无线电遥控设备和自备的程序控制装置操纵的不载人飞机，或者由计算机完全地或间歇地自主地操作。
技术问题
目前，民用飞行器(无人机)一般配置有用于拍照的拍摄装置，拍摄装置用于在飞行器飞行过程中进行拍摄。现有技术中的飞行器在全景拍摄中无法将飞行器本体、拍摄装置完全隐藏，例如，拍摄的图片或视频中容易出现飞行器本体或拍摄装置，影响飞行器所拍摄的照片或者视频的质量，尤其是在拍摄全景照片或者全景视频时，飞行器本体或如飞行器螺旋桨遮挡的遮挡情况更为严重，导致后期处理图像复杂。
本发明旨在至少解决上述技术问题之一，提供了一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器，其能够在拍摄全景照片或者全景视频时，将飞行器本体、拍摄装置完全隐藏。
技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案是：一种全景拍摄装置，包括用于与飞行器本体连接的支架以及安装于所述支架的拍摄模组，所述拍摄模组包括朝向于第一方向设置的第一拍摄模组和朝向于第二方向的第二拍摄模组，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相反，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线相交。
可选地，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线均不与所述支架以及所述飞行器本体相交。
可选地，所述支架包括第一夹持部件和第二夹持部件；所述第一夹持部件和所述第二夹持部件连接且形成用于夹持所述飞行器本体的夹持结构；或者，所述支架通过锁紧结构或卡扣结构连接于所述飞行器本体。
可选地，所述第一夹持部件一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成；所述第二夹持部件一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成。
可选地，所述第一夹持部件和所述第二夹持部件之间设置有夹紧结构，所述夹紧结构为卡扣或螺纹锁紧结构。
可选地，所述支架的上下两端分别设置有用于安装所述拍摄模组的安装结构。
可选地，所述安装结构处设置有用于调节所述拍摄模组平面位置或/和纵向位置的调节结构。
可选地，所述调节结构为平面云台或升降云台。
可选地，所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组均包括至少一个鱼眼摄像头，所述鱼眼摄像头的最大视角大于180度。
可选地，所述全景拍摄装置还包括设置于所述支架的主机模块，所述主机模块包括用于储存所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像的储存模组、用于处理所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像得到处理后图像的处理模组、用于向远程终端传输所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像或所述处理模组处理后图像的通信模组中的至少一个。
可选地，所述全景拍摄装置还包括用于向所述主机模块或/和所述拍摄模组提供电力的电源。
本发明还提供了一种拍摄方法，采用上述的一种全景拍摄装置，包括以下步骤：
所述全景拍摄装置的第一拍摄模组获取第一方向的第一图像，所述全景拍摄装置的第二拍摄模组获取第二方向的第二图像；
所述全景拍摄装置或者飞行器的处理模组接收所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组的第一图像、第二图像并将所述第一图像、第二图像合成形成全景图像发送至远程终端，或者，远程终端接收所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组的第一图像、第二图像并将所述第一图像、第二图像合成形成全景图像。
本发明还提供了一种飞行器，包括飞行器本体，所述飞行器还包括上述的一种全景拍摄装置，所述支架连接于所述飞行器本体，所述支架适合安装并可释放地固定在所述飞行器本体的一部分。
可选地，所述第一拍摄模组的位置满足：H1>L1/tanα1，其中，所述第一拍摄模组沿镜头中心轴方向调整至最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第一最远点，L1为所述第一最远点至所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心轴的垂线段，所述第一最远点与所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心轴具有第一垂足，α1为所述第一拍摄模组最大视角对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角，H1为所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心点与第一垂足的距离。
所述第二拍摄模组的位置满足：H2>L2/tanα2，其中，所述第二拍摄模组沿镜头 中心轴方向调整至最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第二最远点，L2为所述第二最远点至所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心轴的垂线段，所述第二最远点与所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心轴具有第二垂足，α2为所述第二拍摄模组最大视角对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角，H2为所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心点与所述第二垂足的距离。
本发明还提供了一种全景拍摄系统，所述全景拍摄系统包括上述的一种全景拍摄装置和用于接收所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端。
可选地，所述远程终端具有用于存储所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置。
本发明还提供了一种全景拍摄系统，所述全景拍摄系统包括上述的一种飞行器和用于接收所述飞行器或所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端。
可选地，所述远程终端具有用于接收所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置。
有益效果
本发明所提供的一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器，拍摄装置在飞行器飞行拍摄全景照片或者全景视频时，将飞行器本体、拍摄装置完全隐藏，使拍摄装置所拍摄的照片或者视频中不会出现飞行器本体、拍摄装置，全景图像拍摄效果佳，后期处理图像相对简单。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的立体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的第一夹持部件的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的第二夹持部件的立体结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的俯视图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的右视图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的另一视角的立体结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的正视图；
图8是本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置的后视图；
图9是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器的立体结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器中摄像模组的视线分析示意图；
图11是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器中摄像模组的另一视线分析示意图；
图12是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器的俯视图；
图13是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器的后视图；
图14是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器的前视图；
图15是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器的仰视图；
图16是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器左视图；
图17是本发明实施例提供的一种飞行器右视图。
图中：
1.拍摄模组；11.第一拍摄模组；12.第二拍摄模组；111.限位凹槽；121.滑块；
2.支架；21.第一夹持部件；211.第一支架；212.第一夹紧件；22.第二夹持部件；221.第二支架；222.第二夹紧件；23.夹紧结构；231.夹紧螺母；232.夹紧凸起；233.夹紧螺柱；24.安装台；241.弹性臂；242.限位凸起；243.滑槽；25.主机模块；
3.飞行器本体。
本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的是，术语“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是直接设置、连接，也可以通过居中元部件、居中结构间接设置、连接。
另外，本发明实施例中若有“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系的用语，其为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系或常规放置状态或使用状态，其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的结构、特征、装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或位置关系、也不是必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
在具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征和各实施例，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，例如通过不同的具体技术特征/实施例的组合可以形成不同的实施方式，为了避免不必要的重复，本发明中各个具体技术特征/实施例的各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
如图1和图9所示，本发明实施例提供的一种全景拍摄装置，包括用于与飞行器本体3连接的支架2以及安装于支架2的拍摄模组1，拍摄模组1包括朝向于第一方向设置第一拍摄模组11和朝向于第二方向的第二拍摄模组12，第一方向和第二方向相反，飞行器本体3第一拍摄模组11最大视角所对应的视线和第二拍摄模组12最大视角所对应的视线相交(参见图10)，即第一拍摄模组11所能获取的最大图像范围与第二拍摄模组12所能获取的最大图像范围部分重叠，以形成全景图像(图片或视频)。第一拍摄模组11拍摄第一方向上的景象，第二拍摄模组12拍摄第二方向上的景象，将第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12所拍摄的画面储存并通过软件进行合成处理，可以获得全景照片或者全景视频，由于飞行器本体3可以位于第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的视角盲区内，在拍摄全景照片时，可以将飞行器本体、拍摄装置完全隐藏，飞行器本体或拍摄装置不会遮挡全景图像，全景拍摄效果佳，后期处理图像相对简单。
具体地，所述第一拍摄模组11的最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线均不与所述支架2以及所述飞行器本体3相交，这样，在使用飞行器及全景拍摄装置组成的全景拍摄系统进行全景拍摄时，实现在拍摄过程中完全将飞行器进行隐藏，全景图像处理过程简单快速。
本实施例中，飞行器以多轴旋翼式无人机为例，第一拍摄模组11所拍摄的画面视角可以大于180°，第二拍摄模组12所拍摄的画面视角也可以大于180°，也即第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的最大视角均大于180°，并且第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线相交于飞行器本体3的周侧(参见图10)，当当飞行器本体3、支架位于拍摄模组1的盲区中时(即飞行器整体处于拍摄模组1的视角外)，可直接将第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12所拍摄的画面进行合成，以得到完整的全景图像，全景图像处理过程简单快速。
本实施例中，第一方向为朝向于飞行器本体3上方的方向，第二方向为朝向于飞 行器本体3下方的方向，即第一拍摄模组11位于飞行器本体3的上方且镜头朝上设置，第二拍摄模组12位于飞行器本体3的下方且镜头朝下设置，第一拍摄模组11、第二拍摄模组12的镜头方向均背向于飞行器本体3，这样，飞行器本体3可以位于第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的视角盲区内。当然，作为可能的替代方案，第一方向、第二方向也可以为飞行器的左右方向等，即第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12也可以位于飞行器本体3的左右两侧等。具体应用中，第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12可分别设置于支架2的顶部和底部(即飞行器的上方和下方)，也可将其分别设置于支架2的两侧(即飞行器的两侧)或斜上方、斜下方等。
具体应用中，第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12可分别包括一个、两个或者多个成像镜头。当第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12分别包含多个成像镜头时，第一拍摄模组11的最大视角为各成像镜头的视角叠加后所形成的最大视角，同理，第二拍摄模组12的最大视角为各成像镜头的视角进行叠加后所形成的最大视角，当然，第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12也可分别仅包含一个鱼眼镜头，该鱼眼镜头的最大视角即为第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的最大视角。实际中也可将拍摄模组1置于旋转云台上，通过旋转云台的旋转使拍摄模组1获得不同方向上的图像，然后再通过软件进行合成。
具体地，所述第一拍摄模组11、所述第二拍摄模组12均包括至少一个鱼眼摄像头。所述鱼眼摄像头的最大视角大于180度，鱼眼摄像头能达到较大的拍摄角度，以减少拍摄模块的摄像头数量，从而降低拍摄装置的重量，进一步提高飞行器的飞行高度和飞行里程。本实施例中，所述第一拍摄模组11、所述第二拍摄模组12相同，仅是安装位置及朝向不同。
具体地，如图1所示，支架2包括第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22；第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22连接且形成用于夹持飞行器本体3的夹持结构，第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22之间具有容纳飞行器的安装空间。支架2可以呈开口状(例如C字形)或封闭状(例如口字形)等。支架2可拆卸地连接于飞行器，在不需要使全景航拍功能时，可以将拍摄装置从飞行器本体3上移除。需要使用全景航拍功能时，通过第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22形成的夹持结构将拍摄装置安装于飞行器本体3，夹持结构可使拍摄装置适应各种型号(不同尺寸)的飞行器，提高拍摄装置的实用性。或者，作为可能的替代方案，或者，所述支架2也可以通过锁紧结构或卡扣结构或绑带结构等连接于所述飞行器本体3。例如，锁紧结构可为螺丝，可以采用螺丝将支架2适合安 装并可释放地固定在所述飞行器本体的一部分。
具体应用中，第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22可夹持于飞行器本体3的顶部和底部，也可夹持于飞行器本体3的两侧。在实际情况中，飞行器型号不同，其本体的外形也有所差异，使用夹持结构夹持可适应各种外形的飞行器。
具体地，如图3和图4所示，第一夹持部件21一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成；第二夹持部件22一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成。当某个拼装件损坏时，只需要购买损坏新的拼装件，将损坏的拼装件换下即可，而无需更换整个支架2，从而有效降低无拍摄装置的维修成本。且可以选择通过更换不同尺寸的拼装件而适用于不同的飞行器。
具体应用中，第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22可采用塑料或轻质合金制成，并且可适当地在一些非关键处设置镂空，以降低拍摄装置的重量，从而提高飞行器的飞行高度和飞行里程。
具体地，如图5和图6所示，第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22之间设置有夹紧结构23，夹紧结构23可以为卡扣或螺纹锁紧结构等。夹紧结构23可调节第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22之间的距离，即夹紧结构23可调节夹持结构夹持于飞行器本体3时的松紧程度，一方面可以应用于不同尺寸的飞行器本体3，另一方面可以使得拍摄装置和飞行器本体3之间的连接更为牢靠，从而使拍摄装置在飞行拍摄时更为可靠稳定，所拍摄的画面更佳。
具体地，如图1至图3所示，第一夹持部件21包括第一支架211和连接于第一支架211的第一夹紧件212，第二夹持部件22包括第二支架221和连接于第二支架221的第二夹紧件222，第一支架211可拆卸式连接于第二支架221，第一支架211或/和第二支架221可为U型结构，第一支架211和第二支架221之间形成的空间用于容置飞行器本体3，当然，第一支架211也可一体成型于第二支架221。
本实施例中，如图6和图8所示，夹紧结构23采用螺纹锁紧结构，螺纹锁紧结构包括一体成型或固定连接于第一支架211且具有通孔的夹紧凸起232、一体成型或固定连接于第二支架221的夹紧螺母231和穿过该通孔后与夹紧螺母231螺纹连接的夹紧螺柱233，当夹紧螺柱233旋紧时，夹紧螺柱233不断挤压夹紧凸起232使其不断靠近夹紧螺母231，使第一支架211和第二支架221不断靠近，从而使第一夹紧件2122和第二夹紧件222将飞行器本体3夹紧。本实施例中，螺纹锁紧结构设置有两个，分别设置于支架2的两侧，具体应用中，螺纹夹紧结构23可设置一个或者多个。当然，也可将夹紧螺母 231连接于第一支架211、夹紧凸起232连接于第二支架221，也能起到夹紧的作用。当然，具体应用中，也可以采用不同的夹紧方式。
具体应用中，夹紧结构23可直接作用于夹持结构，例如，第一夹紧件212滑动连接于第一支架211，第二夹紧件222固定连接或者滑动连接于第二支架221，第一夹紧件212和第二夹紧件222可通过滑动相互靠近或者远离，夹紧凸起232固定连接或一体成型于第一夹紧件212，夹紧螺母231固定连接或一体成型于第二夹紧件222，通过不断旋紧夹紧螺柱233使第一夹紧件212和第二夹紧件222不断靠近，从而使夹持结构将飞行器本体3夹紧。
具体应用中，如图7所示，第一夹紧件212和第二夹紧件222可为具有一定弹性的弧形板，具有弹性的弧形板能更好的适应各种飞行器本体3，进一步提高拍摄装置的实用性。本实施例中，第一夹紧件212为弧形板，第二夹紧件222为尺寸小于第一夹紧件212的平板，这样的设计可在不降低夹持结构可靠性的前提下，尽可能的降低拍摄装置的重量，进一步体高飞行器的飞行高度及飞行里程。
具体地，如图1所示，所述支架2的上下两端分别设置有用于安装所述拍摄模组1的安装结构，即第一夹持部件21和第二夹持部件22均设置有用于安装拍摄模组1的安装结构。通过安装结构将拍第一拍摄模组11安装于第一夹持部件21、第二拍摄模组12安装于第二夹持部件22，这样模块化且可拆卸的设计，在实际情况中，可以根据不同的需求，通过更换不同的拍摄模组1，以实现不同的拍摄效果，同时也便于维护。
具体地，安装结构处设置有用于调节拍摄模组1平面位置或/和纵向位置的调节结构。调节结构可调节拍摄模组1相对于支架2的位置，即拍摄模组1可通过调节结构进行平面移动或者纵向升降移动(调节拍摄模组1与飞行器的距离)。在实际情况中，飞行器型号多种多样，拍摄装置安装后，拍摄模组1未必处于最佳的拍摄位置，此时便可通过调节结构调节拍摄模组1的位置，以调整拍摄模组1的画面视角，从而使拍摄模组1所拍摄的画面达到最佳。
具体地，安装结构包括安装台24，安装台24设置有两个，分别用于安装第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12，各安装台24均具有用于容置拍摄模组1的安装槽，安装槽的两侧设置有弹性臂241，弹性臂241朝向安装槽的一侧设置有限位凸起242，第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的两侧对应位置设置有与限位凸起242相卡合的限位凹槽111，通过限位凹槽111与限位凸起242卡合，从而将拍摄模组1安装于安装槽内。当然，也可以通过其它的卡扣结构等将第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12固定于安装台 24处。当然，具体应用中，也可以采用不同的安装结构。
具体应用中，限位凹槽111可水平设置多个，通过不同的限位凹槽111与限位凸起242卡合，从而调整拍摄模块的安装位置，进而提高拍摄装置的适用性。
具体应用中，安装槽底面可设置有滑槽243，拍摄模组1的底面设置有与滑槽243滑动连接的滑块121，在安装拍摄模组1时，滑块121和滑槽243可用于引导拍摄模组安装于安装槽中。
具体地，调节结构可为平面云台或升降云台。平面云台或升降云台可通过自动或者手动的方式调节安装结构相对飞行器的位置，以调整拍摄模块的位置，使拍摄模块处于拍摄的最佳位置。具体应用中，云台可具有一定的防抖功能，飞行器在飞行过程中，由于气流的扰动或者自身的机翼振动，拍摄装置容易发生抖动，从而导致拍摄装置所拍摄画面的效果不佳，而云台可以通过自动调节，消除因气流的扰动或者机翼的振动所带来的影响，使拍摄模组1处于稳定状态，从而提高拍摄装置所拍摄画面的效果。
具体地，如图1所示，全景拍摄装置还包括设置于支架2的主机模块25，主机模块25包括用于储存所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像的储存模组、用于处理所述拍摄模组1所拍摄图像得到处理后图像(全景图片或全景视频)的处理模组(处理器)、用于向远程终端传输所述拍摄模组1所拍摄图像或所述处理模组处理后图像的通信模组中的至少一个。这样，可将拍摄模组1所拍摄的图像储存在主机模块25的储存模组中，也可直接将拍摄的图像储存在飞行器中，当然，也可通过通信模组将图像直接传输到用户终端。
具体应用中，全景拍摄装置可不设置电池模组，可与飞行器共用电源，从而进一步降低飞行器的重量。或者，所述全景拍摄装置还包括用于向所述主机模块25或/和所述拍摄模组提供电力的电源，所述电源可设置于所述支架2或内置于所述主机模块25等合适处。
本发明实施例还提供了一种拍摄方法，采用上述的一种全景拍摄装置，包括以下步骤：
所述全景拍摄装置的第一拍摄模组11获取第一方向的第一图像，所述全景拍摄装置的第二拍摄模组12获取第二方向的第二图像；
所述全景拍摄装置或者飞行器的处理模组接收所述第一拍摄模组11、所述第二拍摄模组12的第一图像(图片或视频)、第二图像(图片或视频)并将所述第一图像、第二图像合成形成全景图像(全景图片或全景视频)发送至远程终端，或者，远程终端接收所述第一拍摄模组11、所述第二拍摄模组12的第一图像、第二图像并将所述第一图 像、第二图像合成形成全景图像。
本发明还提供了一种飞行器，如图1至17所示，包括飞行器本体3和上述的拍摄装置，所述支架2连接于所述飞行器本体3，即支架2适合安装并可释放地固定在所述飞行器本体的一部分。本实施例中，所述支架2的上端和下端分别位于所述飞行器本体3的上方和下方，所述第一拍摄模组11安装于所述支架2的上端且朝向于飞行器的上方，所述第二拍摄模组12安装于所述支架2的下端且朝向于飞行器的下方。具体应用中，支架2的结构及安装方式可以根据实际情况设定，飞行器的结构也可以根据实际情况选用，其可为固定翼飞行器或旋翼式飞行器等。
具体地，如图10所示，所述第一拍摄模组11的位置满足：H1>L1/tanα1，其中，所述第一拍摄模组11沿镜头中心轴方向调整至最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，所述第一拍摄模组11的最大视角(大于180度)所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第一最远点C1，L1为所述第一最远点C1至所述第一拍摄模组11的镜头中心轴的垂线段，该最远点与所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心轴具有第一垂足B1，α1为所述第一拍摄模组11的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第一拍摄模组11的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α1)为锐角，且α1＝0.5*(360-X)，H1为所述第一拍摄模组11(处于实际安装位置时)的镜头中心点A1与第一垂足B1的距离。
所述第二拍摄模组12的位置满足：H2>L2/tanα2，其中，所述第二拍摄模组12沿镜头中心轴方向调整至最大视角(大于180度)所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第二最远点C2，L2为所述第一最远点C2至第二拍摄模组12的镜头中心轴的垂线段，第二最远点C2与第二拍摄模组12的镜头中心轴具有第二垂足B2，α2为所述第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第二拍摄模组12的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α2)为锐角，且α2＝0.5*(360-X)，H2为第二拍摄模组12(处于实际安装位置时)的镜头中心点A2与第二垂足B2的距离。
作为其中一种可能，如图10所示，第一最远点C1为飞行器的旋翼的翼尖处。即第一拍摄模组11沿镜头中心轴方向调整位置，第一拍摄模组11最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点的前提下，第一拍摄模组11沿镜头中心轴方向距离飞行器最远时，第一拍摄模组11最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点位于飞行器的旋翼的翼 尖处，即C1。C1与镜头中心轴具有第一垂足B1，L1为所述第一最远点C1至所述第一拍摄模组11的镜头中心轴的垂线段C1B1，α1为所述第一拍摄模组11的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第一拍摄模组11的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α1)为锐角，且α1＝0.5*(360-X)，H1为所述第一拍摄模组11的镜头中心点A1与第一垂足B1的距离。
同样的，第二最远点C2也可以为飞行器的旋翼的翼尖处。即第二拍摄模组12沿镜头中心轴方向调整位置，第二拍摄模组12最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点的前提下，第二拍摄模组12沿镜头中心轴方向距离飞行器最远时，第二拍摄模组12最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点位于飞行器的旋翼的翼尖处，即C2。C2与镜头中心轴具有第二垂足B2，L2为所述第二最远点C2至所述第二拍摄模组12的镜头中心轴的垂线段C2B2，α2为所述第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第二拍摄模组12的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α2)为锐角，且α2＝0.5*(360-X)，H2为所述第二拍摄模组12(处于实际安装位置时)的镜头中心点A2与第二垂足B2的距离。
作为另一种可能，如图11所示，第一最远点C1、第二最远点C2也可能位于飞行器的壳体等处，C1与镜头中心轴具有第一垂足B1，L1为所述第一最远点C1至所述第一拍摄模组11的镜头中心轴的垂线段C1B1，α1为所述第一拍摄模组11的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第一拍摄模组11的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α1)为锐角，且α1＝0.5*(360-X)，H1为所述第一拍摄模组11的镜头中心点A1与第一垂足B1的距离。第二最远点C2位于飞行器壳体边角处，第二最远点C2与镜头中心轴具有第二垂足B2，L2为所述第二最远点C2至所述第二拍摄模组12的镜头中心轴的垂线段C2B2，α2为所述第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角(小于90度的夹角)，第二拍摄模组12的最大视角(设为X)大于180度，该夹角(α2)为锐角，且α2＝0.5*(360-X)，H2为所述第二拍摄模组12(处于实际安装位置时)的镜头中心点A2与第二垂足B2的距离。第一拍摄模组11和第二拍摄模组12的最大视角所对应的视线相交于飞行器本体3的周侧(D点)。
本发明实施例还提供了一种全景拍摄系统，所述全景拍摄系统包括上述的一种全景拍摄装置和用于接收所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端，远程终端可以为终端计算机、云端服务器、遥控器、手机、平板电脑等。全景拍摄装置可以包括主机模块 25，拍摄模组1所拍摄的图像可以存储于主机模块25，也可以直接发送至远程终端。主机模块25可以将图像直接发送至远程终端，也可以通过主机模块25内的处理模组将图像合成全景图像后发送至远程终端。全景拍摄装置可以与飞行器共用电源，也可以采用独立电源供电。
本实施例中，所述远程终端具有用于存储所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体(包括360度全景图片、360度全景视频)的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置(显示界面)，当然存储器也可以用于存储所述处理器合成的全景媒体。
本发明实施例还提供了一种全景拍摄系统，所述全景拍摄系统包括上述的一种飞行器和用于接收所述飞行器或所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端。远程终端可以为终端计算机、云端服务器、飞行器的遥控器、手机、平板电脑等。全景拍摄装置或飞行器本体可以包括主机模块25，拍摄模组1所拍摄的图像可以存储于主机模块25，也可以直接发送至远程终端。主机模块25可以将图像直接发送至远程终端，也可以通过主机模块25内的处理模组将图像合成全景图像后发送至远程终端。
本实施例中，所述远程终端具有用于存储所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体(包括360度全景图片、360度全景视频)的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置(显示界面)，当然存储器也可以用于存储所述处理器合成的全景媒体。
本发明实施例所提供的一种全景拍摄装置、全景拍摄系统、拍摄方法及飞行器，拍摄装置在飞行器飞行拍摄全景照片或者全景视频时，将飞行器本体3或者拍摄装置完全隐藏，使拍摄装置所拍摄的照片或者视频中不会出现飞行器本体3或者拍摄装置，且支架可以与不同的无人机适配，通过调整支架(适配器)大小、鱼眼镜头(拍摄模组)与无人机之间的距离，满足全景航拍需求；具体应用中，可以将鱼眼镜头(拍摄模组)获取的图像存储在适配器本地，也可以将存储在无人机，还可以直接与远程终端(例如计算机)通信连接，实时传输获取的图像，全景拍摄效果佳，后期处理图像相对简单。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本发明保护范围之内。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，包括用于与飞行器本体连接的支架以及安装于所述支架的拍摄模组，所述拍摄模组包括朝向于第一方向设置的第一拍摄模组和朝向于第二方向的第二拍摄模组，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相反，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线相交。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线和所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线均不与所述支架以及所述飞行器本体相交。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述支架包括第一夹持部件和第二夹持部件；所述第一夹持部件和所述第二夹持部件连接且形成用于夹持所述飞行器本体的夹持结构；或者，所述支架通过锁紧结构或卡扣结构连接于所述飞行器本体。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述第一夹持部件一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成；所述第二夹持部件一体成型或由至少两个拼装件拼装形成。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述第一夹持部件和所述第二夹持部件之间设置有夹紧结构，所述夹紧结构为卡扣或螺纹锁紧结构。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述支架的上下两端分别设置有用于安装所述拍摄模组的安装结构。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述安装结构处设置有用于调节所述拍摄模组平面位置或/和纵向位置的调节结构。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述调节结构为平面云台或升降云台。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组均包括至少一个鱼眼摄像头，所述鱼眼摄像头的最大视角大于180度。
  10. 如权利要求1至9任一项中所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述全景拍摄装置还包括设置于所述支架的主机模块，所述主机模块包括用于储存所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像的储存模组、用于处理所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像得到处理后图像的处理模组、用于向远程终端传输所述拍摄模组所拍摄图像或所述处理模组处理后图像的通信模组中的至少一个。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的一种全景拍摄装置，其特征在于，所述全景拍摄装置还包 括用于向所述主机模块或/和所述拍摄模组提供电力的电源。
  12. 一种拍摄方法，其特征在于，采用如权利要求1至11任一项中所述的一种全景拍摄装置，包括以下步骤：
    所述全景拍摄装置的第一拍摄模组获取第一方向的第一图像，所述全景拍摄装置的第二拍摄模组获取第二方向的第二图像；
    所述全景拍摄装置或者飞行器的处理模组接收所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组的第一图像、第二图像并将所述第一图像、第二图像合成形成全景图像发送至远程终端，或者，远程终端接收所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组的第一图像、第二图像并将所述第一图像、第二图像合成形成全景图像。
  13. 一种飞行器，包括飞行器本体，其特征在于，所述飞行器还包括如权利要求1至11任一项中所述的一种全景拍摄装置，所述支架连接于所述飞行器本体，所述支架适合安装并可释放地固定在所述飞行器本体的一部分。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的一种飞行器，其特征在于，所述第一拍摄模组的位置满足：H1>L1/tanα1，
    其中，所述第一拍摄模组沿镜头中心轴方向调整至最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，所述第一拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第一最远点，L1为所述第一最远点至所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心轴的垂线段，所述第一最远点与所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心轴具有第一垂足，α1为所述第一拍摄模组最大视角对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角，H1为所述第一拍摄模组的镜头中心点与第一垂足的距离。
    所述第二拍摄模组的位置满足：H2>L2/tanα2，
    其中，所述第二拍摄模组沿镜头中心轴方向调整至最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器具有交点且距离所述飞行器最远位置时，所述第二拍摄模组最大视角所对应的视线与所述飞行器的交点为第二最远点，L2为所述第二最远点至所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心轴的垂线段，所述第二最远点与所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心轴具有第二垂足，α2为所述第二拍摄模组最大视角对应的视线与镜头中心轴的夹角，H2为所述第二拍摄模组的镜头中心点与所述第二垂足的距离。
  15. 一种全景拍摄系统，其特征在于，所述全景拍摄系统包括如权利要求1至11任一项中所述的一种全景拍摄装置和用于接收所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的一种全景拍摄系统，其特征在于，所述远程终端具有用于 存储所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置。
  17. 一种全景拍摄系统，其特征在于，所述全景拍摄系统包括如权利要求13或14所述的一种飞行器和用于接收所述飞行器或所述全景拍摄装置所发送图像的远程终端。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的一种全景拍摄系统，其特征在于，所述远程终端具有用于存储所述第一拍摄模组、所述第二拍摄模组所拍摄图像的存储器、用于将所述存储器中图像合成全景媒体的处理器，所述远程终端还具有用于显示所述处理器所合成全景媒体的显示装置。
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