WO2021136163A1 - 纽扣电池及其制作方法 - Google Patents

纽扣电池及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021136163A1
WO2021136163A1 PCT/CN2020/140108 CN2020140108W WO2021136163A1 WO 2021136163 A1 WO2021136163 A1 WO 2021136163A1 CN 2020140108 W CN2020140108 W CN 2020140108W WO 2021136163 A1 WO2021136163 A1 WO 2021136163A1
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Prior art keywords
negative electrode
electrode tab
positive electrode
conductive layer
shell
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PCT/CN2020/140108
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴建平
黄子欣
周开礼
吴永文
王雁斌
吴劲贤
刘双飞
吴荣鑫
Original Assignee
漳州万宝能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021136163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021136163A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/005—Devices for making primary cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/04—Cells with aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M6/06—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid
    • H01M6/10—Dry cells, i.e. cells wherein the electrolyte is rendered non-fluid with wound or folded electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a button battery and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Button cell also known as button cell, refers to a battery whose shape is like a small button. Generally speaking, it has a larger diameter and thinner thickness (compared to cylindrical batteries such as AA batteries on the market). Button batteries are classified according to their appearance, and the equivalent battery classification includes cylindrical batteries, square batteries, and special-shaped batteries.
  • the wound body of the button cell includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet for isolating the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the positive pole and negative pole that extend above and below the winding body.
  • the positive pole and the negative pole were connected to the battery casing by welding.
  • the welding method can achieve the purpose of firm connection, Not only the cost of the equipment used for welding is high, but the design of the installation station and tooling takes up a certain amount of space.
  • the space between the welding tabs and the inner surface of the battery case is limited, which is prone to miss welding or weak welding.
  • the welding connection The tabs and the battery casing cannot be disconnected when there is a short circuit inside the battery and other high temperature and high pressure phenomena.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a button battery and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the button battery has a reasonable design, which facilitates the connection between the tabs of the button battery and the battery casing, and saves the manufacturing cost.
  • the specific embodiment of the present invention is: a button battery, which is characterized in that it comprises an upper casing and a lower casing formed by covering, a winding body is arranged between the lower casing and the upper casing, the The wound body includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet for isolating the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the viscosity of the above-mentioned conductive layer with viscosity gradually decreases, and the electrical connection between the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab and the inner surface of the upper casing or the lower casing is gradually disconnected.
  • At least one of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab on the winding body is first connected to the conductive layer with viscosity, and then the winding body is placed in the upper shell After the body or the lower shell is inside, the upper shell and the lower shell are pressed tightly, even if the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab is electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper case or the lower case through the viscous conductive layer.
  • the above-mentioned conductive layer with adhesiveness is a conductive adhesive layer with adhesiveness, a conductive tape layer with adhesiveness, a metal foil layer with adhesiveness, a liquid metal layer or a low-temperature alloy layer.
  • the above-mentioned conductive layer with adhesiveness is a single-sided tape, and the length and/or width of the conductive layer with adhesiveness is greater than that of the tab.
  • the above-mentioned conductive layer with adhesiveness is double-sided with adhesiveness, and the two adhesive surfaces respectively adhere to the tabs and the inner surface of the housing.
  • insulating plates are pasted on and under the winding body, an insulating sleeve is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the upper shell, and the lower part of the insulating sleeve is bent and covered to the lower part of the inner peripheral wall of the upper shell.
  • the inner peripheral wall is press-fitted on the outer periphery of the insulating sleeve; both the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab are electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell through a viscous conductive layer; the upper shell or the lower shell is electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell.
  • At least one of the inner surfaces opposite to the upper and lower end surfaces of the winding body is provided with a notch not formed into a ring.
  • the method for manufacturing the button battery of the present invention is characterized in that: the button battery includes an upper casing and a lower casing that are covered, and a winding body is arranged between the lower casing and the upper casing, and the roll
  • the winding body includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet for isolating the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab; the positive electrode tab is connected to the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode tab is connected to the negative electrode sheet, and at least one of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab passes through a viscous conductive layer to make It is electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell; the production steps: 1) prepare the upper shell, the lower shell and the winding body, 2) connect the viscous conductive layer with the positive electrode tab and/or the negative electrode tab Bonding, 3) Put the roll body into the upper shell or the lower shell, and inject liquid into the upper shell or the lower shell; 4) Cover and press the upper shell and the lower shell relative to each other to make The positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab is electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper casing or the lower casing through a conductive layer with viscosity.
  • the length and/or width of the adhesive conductive layer is larger than the tabs.
  • the adhesive side first adheres to the tabs. Then, the part of the conductive layer with adhesion is bonded to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell.
  • the two adhesive surfaces are respectively adhered to the tabs and the inner surface of the housing.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the use of the above structure in the present invention facilitates the connection between the tabs of the button battery and the battery casing, improves assembly efficiency, and saves manufacturing costs by reducing welding equipment; It can avoid defective products caused by missed welding and weak welding.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an example of the present invention (only the positive electrode tab is connected to the inner surface of the casing through a conductive layer with adhesiveness, and the conductive layer with adhesiveness has adhesiveness on one side);
  • Example 2 is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional structure of Example 2 of the present invention (only the positive electrode tab is connected to the inner surface of the casing through a conductive layer with adhesiveness, and the conductive layer with adhesiveness has adhesiveness on both sides);
  • FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-sectional structure of an example of the present invention (the positive and negative electrode tabs are connected to the inner surface of the housing through a conductive layer with adhesive, and the conductive layer with adhesive has adhesiveness on one side);
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the four-sectional structure of an example of the present invention (the positive and negative electrode tabs are connected to the inner surface of the casing through a conductive layer with adhesiveness, and the conductive layer with adhesiveness has adhesiveness on both sides);
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connection between the winding body and the conductive layer with adhesiveness (the conductive layer with adhesiveness has adhesiveness on one side);
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the connection between the winding body and the conductive layer with adhesive (the conductive layer with adhesive has adhesive on both sides);
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the connection three-dimensional structure of the wound body and the viscous conductive layer in the assembled state (a cross-section is made on the wound body);
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an embodiment of the housing
  • Figure 9 is a top view of Figure 8.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of section K in Fig. 8.
  • the button battery of the present invention includes an upper casing 1 and a lower casing 2 which are covered by a cover.
  • a winding body 3 is arranged between the lower casing 2 and the upper casing 1, and the winding body 3 includes a positive electrode sheet. 301, the negative electrode sheet 302, and a separator 303 between the positive electrode sheet 301 and the negative electrode sheet 302 for isolating the positive and negative electrode sheets.
  • the viscous conductive layer 6 is electrically connected to the inner surface 7 of the upper casing or the lower casing opposite to the upper and lower end surfaces of the winding body.
  • the walls of the upper shell and the lower shell opposite to the upper and lower end surfaces of the winding body are flat bodies, and the tabs and the adhesive conductive layer are flat and tightly attached to the inner surface 7.
  • the positive electrode tab 4 and/or the negative electrode tab 5 The position connected to the inner surface 7 of the upper casing or the lower casing will be relatively separated, thereby causing an open circuit inside the button battery to prevent the internal temperature and pressure of the battery from continuing to rise; in the positive tab 4 and/or the negative tab 5
  • the separation of the position connected to the upper shell or the inner surface of the lower shell 7 may be a gradual process (internal pressure increases slowly), that is, from the electrical contact between the tabs and the inner surface of the shell with a large area to a small area Electrical contact.
  • the cross-section of the circuit connection becomes smaller, the resistance increases, and the current becomes smaller under the same voltage, which also reduces the increase in the internal pressure and temperature of the battery; therefore, the adhesive conductive layer of this application increases with the battery
  • the internal temperature is higher than 100 degrees Celsius, the viscosity gradually decreases, and the electrical connection between the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab and the inner surface of the upper or lower case is gradually disconnected, which realizes the electrical connection of the button battery under normal use.
  • the cut-off protection when there is an abnormality inside the button battery helps to ensure the safety of the button battery.
  • the tabs and the inner surface of the shell are fixed by welding. Therefore, it is necessary to make the length of the two tabs longer (at least larger than the radius of the winding body) so that the welding needle can extend in to align the tabs. Welding with the inner surface of the shell. This assembly process not only requires welding equipment and welding stations, but also requires the production of longer tabs, which increases the production cost. At the same time, due to the welding of the tabs and the inner surface of the battery shell The space is limited, and it is prone to miss welding or weak welding; in this application, before assembling the upper shell, the lower shell and the winding body, at least one of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab on the winding body has adhesiveness.
  • the conductive layer is connected (the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can also be connected to two viscous conductive layers respectively), and then put the winding body into the upper shell or the lower shell and inject the liquid, and the upper shell Press tightly with the lower case, even if the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab is electrically connected to the inner surface of the upper case or the lower case through the viscous conductive layer, the assembly method of the present application does not require welding equipment, welding tooling and welding equipment. The working position helps to ensure the firmness of the connection between the lugs and the inner surface of the shell or the lower shell and avoid missing welding.
  • the assembly process is: One lug of the winding body is connected with a conductive layer with adhesiveness, and the winding body is put into a shell (where the lug without the conductive layer with adhesiveness is facing the inner surface of the shell), and the welding needle passes through the winding In the center hole 11 of the body, the tab is welded to the inner surface of the shell, and then liquid is injected, and another shell is pressed and pressed.
  • the tab connected with the viscous conductive layer is electrically connected to the inner surface of the shell. .
  • the above-mentioned conductive layer with adhesive is a conductive adhesive layer with adhesive, a conductive tape layer with adhesive, a metal foil layer with adhesive, a liquid metal layer or a low-temperature alloy layer, and the conductive adhesive layer with adhesive is conductive glue.
  • conductive silver adhesive such as "Shenggelu” brand model 8800 conductive adhesive
  • the conductive tape layer can be "Ubisheng” brand conductive tape, etc.
  • the adhesive metal foil layer can be "Milek” brand double-conducting copper thin Adhesive tape or "Baojiasheng” brand aluminum foil tape, etc.
  • the above-mentioned adhesive conductive layer has better conductivity, and its resistance is less than 0.002 ⁇ /mm2.
  • the adhesiveness in the conductive layer with adhesiveness in this application does not completely refer to the realization of glue, it can also be the viscosity of the substance itself, or the viscosity of the substance itself in different states.
  • the conductive adhesive layer, the conductive tape layer, and the metal foil layer can be due to Glue makes it sticky, while the conductive adhesive layer itself is sticky.
  • the liquid metal layer and the low-temperature alloy layer are sticky or not sticky in different states.
  • the liquid metal layer can be a modified gallium indium tin alloy, and the low-temperature alloy layer can be some alloys with the following components, and an alloy with a melting point between 50-100 degrees Celsius can be selected.
  • the liquid metal layer or low-temperature alloy layer it is solid and sheet-like at room temperature. During use, it is connected between the tab and the inner surface of the housing, or the liquid metal layer or the low-temperature alloy layer is set on the insulating substrate layer. (Non-conductive plastic layer), attached to the opposite back of the tab and the inner surface of the housing.
  • the liquid metal layer or low-temperature alloy layer can reach the melting point through heat conduction on the outer surface of the housing, and then Cooling again, even if the tabs and the inner surface of the casing are connected and fixed by a liquid metal layer or a low-temperature alloy layer, and the tabs and the casing are electrically connected; and the internal fault of the button battery generates a high temperature higher than 100 degrees Celsius, it will make the liquid The metal layer or low-temperature alloy layer melts to form a liquid, which will disconnect the electrical connection between the tab and the outer casing, and realize the electrical connection of the button battery under normal use. It will cut off the protection when there is an abnormality inside the button battery. It helps to ensure the safety of the button battery.
  • the length and/or width of the adhesive conductive layer is larger than the tabs.
  • the adhesive side First glue the tabs, and then glue the part of the conductive layer with adhesive to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell (as shown in Figures 1, 5, 7).
  • the non-adhesive side has an insulating substrate layer (the insulating substrate layer is used to carry conductive glue, conductive silver glue, conductive tape or aluminum foil tape, and the insulating substrate layer can be a thin plastic material. ), therefore, the insulating plate 8 for isolation can be omitted, which further saves the material cost. In practice, the insulating plate 8 can be omitted in the lower part of FIGS. 1 and 5.
  • the two adhesive surfaces adhere to the tabs and the inner surface 7 of the housing respectively.
  • the size of the adhesive conductive layer is no special requirement for the size of the adhesive conductive layer in this implementation. Greater than, equal to or smaller than the tab (as shown in Figures 2 and 6), but the viscous conductive layer is slightly larger than the tab.
  • the figure is a schematic drawing method and does not represent the actual tabs, viscous conductive layers, etc.
  • an insulating plate 8 is required for the size used.
  • the above-mentioned single-sided adhesiveness, for the liquid metal layer or the low-temperature alloy layer is that the liquid metal layer and the low-temperature alloy layer are arranged on the insulating substrate layer (non-conductive plastic layer), which is attached to the inner surface of the lug and the shell
  • the double-sided tape is adhesive, for the liquid metal layer or the low-temperature alloy layer, it is the embodiment in which the liquid metal layer and the low-temperature alloy layer are located between the tab and the inner surface of the housing.
  • an insulating plate 8 is attached to the upper and lower sides of the winding body 3.
  • the insulating plate 8 blocks the conduction between the winding body 3 and the inner surface 7 of the housing, and the tabs are flat and attached to the insulating plate 8 and the housing. Between the inner surfaces 7, when the inner surface of the casing is flat, the tabs and the inner surface of the casing have a good electrical connection effect.
  • An insulating sleeve 9 is sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the upper casing, and the lower part of the insulating sleeve is bent and covered to the lower part of the inner peripheral wall of the upper casing.
  • the inner peripheral wall of the lower casing 2 is press-fitted on the outer circumference of the insulating sleeve 9.
  • the function of the sleeve 9 is to electrically insulate and seal the upper shell and the lower shell.
  • the height of the winding body, the viscous conductive layer, the tabs and the insulating plate is slightly larger than the inner surface of the two shells. The spacing between.
  • the above-mentioned positive electrode tabs and negative electrode tabs can both be electrically connected to the inner surface 7 of the upper casing or the lower casing through a conductive layer having a viscosity; the upper casing or the lower casing and the upper and lower sides of the winding body are opposite to each other. It can be a flat surface, a concave arc or a convex arc surface, but the flat surface is a common shape and structure for button batteries.
  • At least one inner surface 7 of the upper shell or the lower shell opposite to the upper and lower end faces of the winding body is provided with a concave groove 10 without forming a ring shape, and the concave groove 10 is in the shell.
  • An unclosed curve is formed on the body. After the curve is extended, a ring shape can be formed.
  • the shape of the ring can be rectangular, circular, or elliptical.
  • the ring area formed by the extension of the curve occupies the upper shell or the lower shell. 80-90% of the internal surface area of the cross-section.
  • the button battery When the pressure in the button cell increases and reaches a certain value, the upper shell or the lower shell will arch outward, and then the distance between the two will increase until they separate, or even explode. It may cause personal injury at times. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve pressure relief before bursting.
  • the button battery Through the above-mentioned unformed or unclosed annular groove 10, the button battery will be flushed when the internal pressure reaches 1.0-1.5Mpa. Partially, the internal pressure can be drained, and because the notched groove 10 is not closed to form a ring shape, even if the punched-out piece is connected to the shell, to avoid personal injury; for the tabs connected to the viscous conductive layer 6, The position where it is connected to the housing is close to the notched groove 10.
  • the tab connected to the winding body is usually close to the edge of the winding body.
  • the lugs can be made shorter, which saves material.
  • the location where the lugs are connected to the inner surface of the housing is also close to the edge, and close to the inner side of the concave groove 10.
  • the button battery includes an upper casing and a lower casing formed by covering, a winding body is arranged between the lower casing and the upper casing, and the winding body includes a positive The electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the separator between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet for isolating the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the negative electrode tab The negative electrode tab; the positive electrode tab is connected to the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode tab is connected to the negative electrode sheet, and at least one of the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab is connected to the upper shell through a conductive layer with viscosity
  • the inner surface 7 of the body or the lower shell is electrically connected; the production steps: 1) prepare the upper shell, the lower shell and the winding body, 2) bond the viscous conductive layer with the positive electrode tab and/or the negative electrode tab, 3) Put the rolled body into the upper shell or the lower shell, and inject liquid into the upper shell or the lower shell; 4) Press the upper shell and the lower shell oppositely to make the positive electrode tab Or, the negative electrode tab is electrically connected to the inner surface 7 of the upper casing or the lower casing through a conductive layer with adhesiveness.
  • the length and/or width of the adhesive conductive layer is larger than the tabs.
  • the adhesive side first adheres to the tabs. Then, the part of the conductive layer with adhesion is bonded to the inner surface of the upper shell or the lower shell.
  • the two adhesive surfaces are respectively adhered to the tabs and the inner surface of the housing.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the use of the above structure in the present invention facilitates the connection between the tabs of the button battery and the battery casing, improves assembly efficiency, and saves manufacturing costs by reducing welding equipment; It can avoid defective products caused by missed welding and weak welding.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种纽扣电池及其制作方法，其特征在于：所述纽扣电池包括罩置而成的上壳体（1）和下壳体（2），所述下壳体（2）与上壳体（1）之间设有卷绕体（3），所述卷绕体（3）包括正电极片（301）、负电极片（302）和位于正电极片（301）、负电极片（302）之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体（303），所述卷绕体（3）上具有分别向卷绕体（3）上方及下方延伸的正极极耳（4）、负极极耳（5）；所述正极极耳（4）与正电极片（301）连接，所述负极极耳（5）与负电极片（302）连接，所述正极极耳（4）和负极极耳（5）中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层（6），使其与上壳体（1）或下壳体（2）上跟卷绕体（3）上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。利用上述结构有利于方便纽扣电池的极耳与电池外壳体的连接，提高了组装效率，以及通过减少焊接设备，节省制作成本；还可以避免因漏焊、焊接不牢引起的不良品。

Description

纽扣电池及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种纽扣电池及其制作方法。
背景技术
纽扣电池(button cell)也称扣式电池，是指外形尺寸象一颗小纽扣的电池，一般来说直径较大，厚度较薄(相对于柱状电池如市场上的5号AA等电池)，纽扣电池是从外形上来对电池来分，同等对应的电池分类有柱状电池、方形电池、异形电池等。
技术问题
扣式电池中的卷绕体卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳，以往正极极耳和负极极耳在与电池外壳体连接时均是采用焊接方式，焊接方式虽然可以起到牢固连接的目的，但焊接不仅所使用的设备成本高，而且安装工位、工装的设计均占用一定空间，焊接极耳与电池外壳体内表面的空间有限，容易出现漏焊或焊接不牢的情况，此外，焊接所连接极耳与电池外壳体，在电池内部出现短路等高温、高压现象时无法断开连接。
技术解决方案
本发明的目的即在于提供一种纽扣电池及其制作方法，该纽扣电池设计合理，有利于方便纽扣电池的极耳与电池外壳体的连接，节省制作成本。
本发明的具体实施方案是：一种纽扣电池，其特征在于：包括罩置而成的上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体与上壳体之间设有卷绕体，所述卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳；所述正极极耳与正电极片连接，所述负极极耳与负电极片连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层，使其与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层随着电池内部温度高于100摄氏度后粘性逐步降低，逐步断开正极极耳或负极极耳与上壳体或下壳体内面的电性连接。
进一步的，在组装上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体前，卷绕体上的正极极耳和负极极耳至少一个先与具有粘性的导电层连接，接着将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部后，将上壳体和下壳体压紧，即使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体的内面电性连接。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为带粘性的导电胶层、带粘性的导电胶带层、带粘性的金属箔层、液态金属层或低温合金层。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，该带粘性的一面粘连极耳，同时长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体的内面。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性，带粘性的两个面分别粘连极耳和壳体的内面。
进一步的，上述卷绕体上、下面贴设有绝缘板，在上壳体外周壁套设有绝缘套，所述绝缘套的下部弯折包覆至上壳体内周壁的下部，所述下壳体的内周壁压配在绝缘套的外周上；所述正极极耳和负极极耳均通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体内面电性连接；所述上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面上至少一个设有未形成环形的凹刻槽。
本发明纽扣电池的制作方法，其特征在于：所述纽扣电池包括罩置而成的上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体与上壳体之间设有卷绕体，所述卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳；所述正极极耳与正电极片连接，所述负极极耳与负电极片连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层，使其与上壳体或下壳体内面电性连接；制作步骤：1)准备上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体，2)将具有粘性的导电层与正极极耳和/或负极极耳粘接，3)将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部，并在上壳体或下壳体内部注液；4)将上壳体与下壳体相对盖合压紧，使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体内面电性连接。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性时，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，在极耳与具有粘性的导电层连接时，该带粘性的一面先粘连极耳，然后再将具有粘性的导电层长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体的内面。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性时，将带粘性的两个面分别与极耳和壳体的内面进行粘连。
有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明利用上述结构有利于方便纽扣电池的极耳与电池外壳体的连接，提高了组装效率，以及通过减少焊接设备，节省制作成本；还可以避免因漏焊、焊接不牢引起的不良品。
附图说明
图1是本发明实例一剖面构造示意图(仅正极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面连接，具有粘性的导电层单面具有粘性)；
图2是本发明实例二剖面构造示意图(仅正极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面连接，具有粘性的导电层两面具有粘性)；
图3是本发明实例三剖面构造示意图(正、负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面连接，具有粘性的导电层单面具有粘性)；
图4是本发明实例四剖面构造示意图(正、负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面连接，具有粘性的导电层两面具有粘性)；
图5是卷绕体与具有粘性的导电层连接立体构造示意图(具有粘性的导电层单面具有粘性)；
图6是卷绕体与具有粘性的导电层连接立体构造示意图(具有粘性的导电层两面具有粘性)；
图7是卷绕体与具有粘性的导电层组装状态时的连接立体构造示意图(卷绕体上做了剖面)；
图8是壳体一种实施例的剖面构造示意图；
图9是图8的俯视图；
图10是图8的K部放大图。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
本发明纽扣电池包括罩置而成的上壳体1和下壳体2，所述下壳体2与上壳体1之间设有卷绕体3，所述卷绕体3包括正电极片301、负电极片302和位于正电极片301、负电极片302之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体303，所述卷绕体3上具有分别向卷绕体上部及下部分别延伸的正极极耳4、负极极耳5；所述正极极耳4与正电极片301连接，所述负极极耳5与负电极片302连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层6，使其与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面7电性连接。
所述上壳体和下壳体跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的壁体为平面体，极耳和具有粘性的导电层扁平的贴紧于所述内面7。
纽扣电池在出现短路或损坏等现象时，纽扣电池内部因为高电流等原因使温度和压力即会极聚升高，当这个内部温度逐步升高时，具有粘性的导电层6的粘性即会降低(其为热熔胶水的一种特性，其软化点为110℃正负10℃)，同时在内压力的作用下，上壳体和/或下壳体即会产生向外拱起，在内压力继续升高情况下，上壳体与下壳体两者还会出现相对距离增加的情况，直至两者完全分离甚至爆开，在未完全分离期间，正极极耳4和/或负极极耳5与上壳体或下壳体内面7连接的位置即会产生相对分离，从而使纽扣电池内部产生断路，避免电池内部温度和压力继续的升高；在正极极耳4和/或负极极耳5与上壳体或下壳体内面7连接的位置产生分离有可能是一个逐步的过程(内压力增加较慢)，即从极耳与壳体内面较大面积的电性接触 到小面积的电性接触，此过程电路连接的截面变小，电阻增大，电压同样情况下电流变小，从而也降低了电池内部压力和温度的升高；因此，本申请具有粘性的导电层随着电池内部温度高于100摄氏度后粘性逐步降低，逐步断开正极极耳或负极极耳与上壳体或下壳体内面的电性连接，实现了纽扣电池在正常使用情况下的电性连接，在纽扣电池内部出现异常时的切断保护，有利于保证纽扣电池使用的安全性。
目前组装纽扣电池时，极耳与壳体内面是通过焊接来固定的，因此需要将两极耳的长度制成较长(至少大于卷绕体半径)，以达到焊针可伸入以对极耳与壳体内面进行焊接，这种组装的工艺，不仅需要焊接设备和焊接所需要的工位，而且需要制作较长的极耳，从而增加了制作成本，同时由于焊接极耳与电池外壳体内表面的空间有限，容易出现漏焊或焊接不牢的情况；本申请在组装上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体前，卷绕体上的正极极耳和负极极耳至少一个先与具有粘性的导电层连接(正极极耳和负极极耳也可以分别与两个具有粘性的导电层连接)，接着将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部后并注液，将上壳体和下壳体压紧，即使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体的内面电性连接，本申请的组装方法，无需焊接设备、焊接工装和焊接的工位，有利于确保极耳与壳体或下壳体的内面连接的牢固性和避免遗漏焊接。
当卷绕体上的正极极耳和负极极耳中的一个不是通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面7连接，一个是通过具有粘性的导电层与壳体内面连接，其组装工艺是：在卷绕体的一个极耳上连接具有粘性的导电层，将卷绕体放入一个壳体内(其中未连接具有粘性的导电层的那个极耳朝向壳体内面)，通过焊针穿过卷绕体的中心孔11，将该极耳 焊接在壳体内面，而后注液，盖上另一个壳体压合即可，连接有具有粘性的导电层的那个极耳即与壳体内面电性连接。
为了连接可靠，上述具有粘性的导电层为带粘性的导电胶层、带粘性的导电胶带层、带粘性的金属箔层、液态金属层或低温合金层，带粘性的导电胶层即是导电胶水或导电银胶，如“圣格鲁”牌型号8800导电胶，导电胶带层可以是“优必胜”牌导电胶带等，带粘性的金属箔层可以是“米乐奇”牌双导铜薄胶带或“宝佳盛”牌铝箔胶带等，上述具有粘性的导电层的电导率较好，其电阻＜0.002Ω/平方毫米。
本申请具有粘性的导电层中的粘性并非完全指通过胶水来实现，也可以是物质本身的粘性，或者物质本身在不同态下的粘性，导电胶层、导电胶带层、金属箔层可以是因为具有胶水使其具有粘性，而导电胶层本身具有粘性，液态金属层和低温合金层即在不同态下具有粘性或不具有粘性。
液态金属层可以是经过改性的镓铟锡合金，低温合金层可以是现有如下组分的某些合金，可以选择熔点在50-100摄氏度之间的合金。
低熔点合金熔体材料的成分及熔点
Figure PCTCN2020140108-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020140108-appb-000002
对于液态金属层或低温合金层，处于常温下其为固态呈片状，在使用过程中，通过连接在极耳和外壳体内面之间，或液态金属层、低温合金层设在绝缘基材层(不导电塑料层)上，贴合在极耳和外壳体内面的相背面，在两个外壳体盖合后，即可在外壳体外表面通过热传导使液态金属层或低温合金层达到熔点，随后又冷却，即使极耳与外壳体内面通过液态金属层或低温合金层连接固定，并实现极耳与外壳体电性连接；而在纽扣电池内部故障产生高温高于100摄氏度后，即会使液态金属层或低温合金层熔化形成液体，即会断开极耳与外壳体的电性连接，实现了纽扣电池在正常使用情况下的电性连接，在纽扣电池内部出现异常时的切断保护，有利于保证纽扣电池使用的安全性。
其中一种实施例，上述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性时，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，在极耳与具有粘性的导电层 连接时，该带粘性的一面先粘连极耳，然后再将具有粘性的导电层长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体的内面(如图1、5、7所示)，当采用单面带粘性具有粘性的导电层时，该未具有粘性的一面是具有绝缘基材层的(该绝缘基材层是用于承载导电胶水、导电银胶、导电胶带或铝箔胶带，该绝缘基材层可以是塑料薄材)，因此可以不用使用起隔离作用的绝缘板8，进一步节省材料成本，实际中图1和5下部可以省略绝缘板8。
其中一种实施例，上述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性时，带粘性的两个面分别粘连极耳和壳体的内面7，该实施具有粘性的导电层侧尺寸没有特别要求，可以大于、等于或小于极耳(如图2、6所示)，但具有粘性的导电层稍大于极耳较好，图中为示意画法，并不是表示极耳、具有粘性的导电层等实际使用的尺寸，采用双面带粘性的具有粘性的导电层时，需要使用绝缘板8。
上述单面带粘性，对于液态金属层或低温合金层来说，即是液态金属层、低温合金层设在绝缘基材层(不导电塑料层)上，贴合在极耳和外壳体内面的相背面上的实施例，而双面带粘性，对于液态金属层或低温合金层来说，即是液态金属层、低温合金层位于极耳和外壳体内面之间的实施例。
进一步的，上述卷绕体3上、下面贴设有绝缘板8，该绝缘板8的作用是阻隔卷绕体3与壳体内面7的导通，极耳扁平的贴在绝缘板8与壳体内面7之间，在壳体内面为平面的情况下，极耳与壳体内面贴合电性连接的效果很好。
在上壳体外周壁套设有绝缘套9，所述绝缘套的下部弯折包覆至上壳体内周壁的下部，所述下壳体2的内周壁压配在绝缘套9的外周上，该绝缘套9的作用是电绝缘并密封上壳体与下壳体。
为了在压紧过程中使卷绕体往具有粘性的导电层和极耳上施以一定压力，卷绕体、具有粘性的导电层、极耳和绝缘板的高度略大于两个壳体内面之间的间距。
进一步的，上述正极极耳和负极极耳可以均通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体内面7电性连接；上壳体或下壳体与卷绕体上、下面相对壁体为平面或凹弧或凸弧面均可，但采用平面为纽扣电池常用的形状结构。
进一步为了实现纽扣电池的防爆，在上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面7上至少一个设有未形成环形的凹刻槽10，该凹刻槽10在壳体上形成一个未闭合曲线，在该曲线延伸后可以形成一个环形，该环形的形状可以是矩形、圆形或椭圆形等，该曲线延伸后形成的环形面积占上壳体或下壳体横截面内表面积的80-90％，在纽扣电池内压力增大后，达到一定值时，即会使上壳体或下壳体外拱，继而两者距离增加直至分离，甚至爆开，当爆开时就可能造成人员损伤，因此，即要在爆开前实现泄压，通过上述未形成或未闭合环形的凹刻槽10，使纽扣电池的内压达到1.0-1.5Mpa时即会被冲开局部，使内压得以排泄，而由于凹刻槽10未闭合形成环形，即使冲开的那片然连接在壳体上，避免造成人员损伤；对于有连接具有粘性的导电层6的极耳，其连接在壳体的位置是靠近凹刻槽10，由于凹刻槽10相对较为靠近壳体的外周缘，通常连接在卷绕体上的极耳是靠 近卷绕体的边缘，本申请的极耳可以制作较短，可以节省材料，极耳与壳体内面连接的位置也即靠近边缘，而靠近凹刻槽10内侧。
本发明纽扣电池的制作方法，所述纽扣电池包括罩置而成的上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体与上壳体之间设有卷绕体，所述卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳；所述正极极耳与正电极片连接，所述负极极耳与负电极片连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层，使其与上壳体或下壳体内面7电性连接；制作步骤：1)准备上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体，2)将具有粘性的导电层与正极极耳和/或负极极耳粘接，3)将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部，并在上壳体或下壳体内部注液；4)将上壳体与下壳体相对盖合压紧，使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体内面7电性连接。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性时，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，在极耳与具有粘性的导电层连接时，该带粘性的一面先粘连极耳，然后再将具有粘性的导电层长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体的内面。
进一步的，上述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性时，将带粘性的两个面分别与极耳和壳体的内面进行粘连。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：本发明利用上述结构有利于方便纽扣电池的极耳与电池外壳体的连接，提高了组装效率，以及通过减少焊接设备，节省制作成本；还可以避免因漏焊、焊接不牢引起的不良品。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

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  1. 一种纽扣电池，其特征在于：包括罩置而成的上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体与上壳体之间设有卷绕体，所述卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳；所述正极极耳与正电极片连接，所述负极极耳与负电极片连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层，使其与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层随着电池内部温度高于100摄氏度后粘性逐步降低，逐步断开正极极耳或负极极耳与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：在组装上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体前，卷绕体上的正极极耳和负极极耳至少一个先与具有粘性的导电层连接，接着将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部后注液，将上壳体和下壳体压紧，即使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层为带粘性的导电胶层、带粘性的导电胶带层、带粘性的金属箔层、液态金属层或低温合金层。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，该带粘性的一面粘连极耳，同时长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性，带粘性的两个面分别粘连极耳和壳体的内面。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述卷绕体上、下面贴设有绝缘板，在上壳体外周壁套设有绝缘套，所述绝缘套的下部弯折包覆至上壳体内周壁的下部，所述下壳体的内周壁压配在绝缘套的外周上；所述正极极耳和负极极耳均通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体内面电性连接；所述上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面上至少一个设有未形成环形的凹刻槽。
  8. 一种纽扣电池的制作方法，其特征在于：所述纽扣电池包括罩置而成的上壳体和下壳体，所述下壳体与上壳体之间设有卷绕体，所述卷绕体包括正电极片、负电极片和位于正电极片、负电极片之间用于隔离正、负电极片的隔离体，所述卷绕体上具有分别向卷绕体上方及下方延伸的正极极耳、负极极耳；所述正极极耳与正电极片连接，所述负极极耳与负电极片连接，所述正极极耳和负极极耳中至少一个通过具有粘性的导电层，使其与上壳体或下壳体内面电性连接；制作步骤：1)准备上壳体、下壳体和卷绕体，2)将具有粘性的导电层与正极极耳和/或负极极耳粘接，3)将卷绕体放入上壳体或下壳体内部，并在上壳体或下壳体内部注液；4)将上壳体与下壳体相对盖合压紧，使正极极耳或负极极耳通过具有粘性的导电层与上壳体或下壳体上跟卷绕体上、下端面相对的内面电性连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层为单面带粘性时，具有粘性的导电层长度和/或宽度大于极耳，在极耳与具有粘性的导电层连接时，该带粘性的一面先粘连极耳，然后再将具有粘性的导电层长出的部分粘接于上壳体或下壳体的内面。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的纽扣电池，其特征在于：所述具有粘性的导电层为双面带粘性时，将带粘性的两个面分别与极耳和壳体的内面进行粘连。
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