WO2021121439A1 - Fusible d'excitation intégré à un corps à l'état fondu d'extinction d'arc - Google Patents

Fusible d'excitation intégré à un corps à l'état fondu d'extinction d'arc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121439A1
WO2021121439A1 PCT/CN2021/075863 CN2021075863W WO2021121439A1 WO 2021121439 A1 WO2021121439 A1 WO 2021121439A1 CN 2021075863 W CN2021075863 W CN 2021075863W WO 2021121439 A1 WO2021121439 A1 WO 2021121439A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accommodating cavity
conductive plate
shell
melt
arc extinguishing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/075863
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
段少波
戈西斌
石晓光
王伟
王宁
Original Assignee
西安中熔电气股份有限公司
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Application filed by 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 filed Critical 西安中熔电气股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021121439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121439A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of power control and electric vehicles, in particular to an auxiliary arc extinguishing structure of an excitation fuse that cuts off a current transmission circuit through external signal control.
  • Circuit overcurrent protection products are fuses that are blown based on the heat generated by the current flowing through the fuse.
  • the main problem is the matching relationship between the thermal fuse and the load. For example, in the protection of the main circuit of a new energy vehicle, if the load has a low multiple overload or short circuit, the low-current specification fuse can not meet the current short-term overshoot situation, if the high-current specification fuse can not meet the fast protection Claim. In the current lithium battery pack that provides energy for new energy vehicles, the output current is about several times the rated current in the case of a short circuit, and the fuse protection time cannot meet the requirements, causing the battery pack to heat up and burn.
  • this kind of protection device using current heating and fusing cannot have a large rated current or withstand strong short-term overload/inrush current (Such as the short-term high current when an electric vehicle starts or climbs a slope), reaching a certain magnitude of fault current and a sufficiently fast breaking speed, or under a certain magnitude of fault current and a sufficiently fast protection speed, achieving a higher rating Current, or tolerate large overload/impact current without damage.
  • thermal fuse cannot communicate with external devices and cannot be triggered by signals other than current, such as vehicle ECU, BMS or other sensors. If the vehicle fails to cut off the circuit in time due to a serious collision, water exposure, or high battery temperature after exposure, it may cause the battery pack to burn and eventually damage the vehicle.
  • a fast-breaking cut-off opening structure which mainly includes a gas generating device, a conductive plate, and a housing cavity after the conductive plate is dropped.
  • the gas generating device generates high-pressure gas to drive the piston to break the conductive plate.
  • the conductive plate falls down into the accommodating cavity, so as to realize the purpose of quickly disconnecting the circuit.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an excitation fuse integrated with an arc extinguishing device, which can more effectively extinguish a large number of arcs generated when the fuse is disconnected, improve the breaking capacity and improve the electrical performance of the fuse.
  • the present invention provides a technical solution of an excitation fuse integrated with arc extinguishing melt, which is characterized by comprising an upper shell and a lower shell arranged in sequence from top to bottom; A conductive plate is arranged between the bodies; an accommodation cavity with a downward opening is opened on the upper shell, and an accommodation cavity with an upward opening is opened on the lower shell; An ignition and explosion device and a piston are arranged at the bottom in sequence; the accommodating cavity of the lower shell is filled with arc extinguishing medium; a seal for sealing the arc extinguishing medium is arranged in the accommodating cavity of the lower shell; the seal is provided with an opening upward
  • the disconnection after disconnection is located between the two ends of the melt and the connection
  • a disconnection groove and a bending notch are spaced apart on the conductive plate located directly above the sealing element accommodating cavity.
  • the conductive plate is recessed downward into the lower housing accommodating cavity to form a flat-bottomed recess; the disconnected recess and the bending recess are located at the bottom of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate; the lower housing The upper end of the sealing element faces the bottom of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate to support; the two ends of the melt are respectively electrically connected to the bottom of the bottom of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate.
  • the lower shell is divided into two parts connected to each other from top to bottom: a middle shell and a bottom shell; the middle shell has a accommodating cavity that penetrates up and down, and the bottom shell has an accommodating cavity with an upward opening
  • the flat-bottomed notch of the conductive plate is located in the accommodating cavity of the middle housing, and the seal is integrally formed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the middle housing and seals the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the middle housing;
  • the accommodating cavity of the sealing element is in communication with the accommodating cavity of the middle housing, and the two sides of the outer periphery of the accommodating cavity of the sealing element are respectively provided with through holes communicating with the accommodating cavity of the middle housing; the arc extinguishing medium is filled in
  • the bottom shell is located in the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell; the sealing element is located in the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell; the bottom of the middle shell and the outer peripheral surface of the seal located on the outer periphery of the seal seal the At the opening of the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell; the melt is inserted
  • An arc-shaped surface is provided on the side of the sealing member accommodating cavity located below the disconnection notch of the conductive plate, and the conductive plate can slide down along the arc-shaped surface after the conductive plate is disconnected.
  • the outer side of the arc-shaped surface of the sealing element accommodating cavity is also correspondingly set as an arc-shaped surface.
  • the lower shell is divided into two parts connected to each other from top to bottom: a middle shell and a bottom shell; the middle shell has a accommodating cavity that penetrates up and down, and the bottom shell has an accommodating cavity with an upward opening
  • the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate is located in the accommodating cavity of the middle shell; the arc-extinguishing medium is filled in the bottom shell accommodating cavity; the seal is located in the accommodation of the bottom shell
  • the arc extinguishing medium of the bottom shell is sealed in the cavity; grooves for the melt to pass through are respectively opened at the positions where the two sides of the seal contact the inner surface of the bottom shell; In the arc extinguishing medium, both ends of the arc extinguishing medium are connected in parallel with the conductive plate after passing through the groove.
  • the sealing element has an inverted structure, and the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the sealing element is in contact with the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell, and the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the sealing element is provided with a hole for the melt to pass through.
  • the melt passes through the groove below the bottom of the sealing member accommodating cavity and then penetrates the arc extinguishing medium, and its two ends pass through the groove and then connect with the conductive plate Connected in parallel.
  • the upper end surface of the sealing element is located at the bottom of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate and supports it.
  • the excitation fuse with integrated arc extinguishing body of the present invention has the following advantages: small resistance, low heat generation, and low power consumption, which can quickly and reliably break small fault currents and can quickly and reliably break small fault currents. Reliably break large fault currents. The ability to resist current impact is stronger. In the case of large rated current, it has advantages in price and volume. It can realize controlled fuse protection under abnormal conditions.
  • this scheme also has the following advantages: it is less affected by air pressure and temperature and humidity, and it can be reliably broken under various working conditions. Under abnormal conditions, the arc generated by the breaking has no effect on the product structure, making it safer and more reliable. Compared with other auxiliary arc extinguishing methods, the production process is mature. The breaking capacity is high, and it is easy to adjust as needed. There is no obvious aging of the breaking capacity after long-term use.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure of the excitation fuse integrated with arc extinguishing melt of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional structure after the conductive plate of the excitation fuse with integrated arc extinguishing melt of the present invention is disconnected.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the left and right longitudinal cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the excitation fuse integrated with arc extinguishing melt of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of another embodiment of the arc-extinguishing melt-integrated excitation fuse of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the exciting fuse with integrated arc extinguishing melt according to the present invention after the conductive plate is disconnected.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the bottom shell and the cover plate.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic top view of the bottom shell and cover structure.
  • the fast current cut-off device of the present invention mainly includes an upper casing, a conductive plate, a middle casing, a lower casing, a gas generating device, etc., please refer to Figs. 1 to 2 in which.
  • the casing in this embodiment, is composed of an upper casing 1, a middle casing 2, and a bottom casing 3 assembling.
  • a conductive plate 4 is arranged between the contact surface of the upper casing and the middle casing, and the upper casing, the middle casing and the conductive plate are fixed together by screws between the upper casing and the middle casing.
  • the upper shell, the middle shell, and the bottom shell are fixed together by screws to become the outer shell of the excitation fuse.
  • the conductive plate is sealed at the contact part of the upper shell and the end surface of the middle shell.
  • An accommodating cavity is opened in the upper shell, and an electronic ignition explosive device 5 and a piston 6 are sequentially arranged in the accommodating cavity from top to bottom.
  • the upper end of the electronic ignition explosive device is positioned by a pressing plate 51.
  • the piston and the accommodating cavity have an interference fit or the inner diameter of the piston is exactly the same as the inner diameter of the accommodating cavity.
  • the degree of interference fit satisfies that when the piston is impacted by high-pressure gas, it can break away from the restraint of the interference fit and make an impact movement downward.
  • the electronic ignition explosive device is a gas generating device that generates high-pressure gas by receiving external signals for ignition, thereby driving the displacement of the piston.
  • the piston includes a piston body with a cylindrical structure, and the piston body is in interference fit with the lower accommodating cavity of the upper shell.
  • a knife-like structure 61 is provided under the piston body.
  • the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure protrude out of the side wall of the piston body, and the front and back sides of the lower part of the two side ends of the knife-shaped structure protruding from the piston body are provided with limit protrusions protruding from the two side ends.
  • the width of the knife-like structure is greater than the width of the conductive plate, and it is located directly above the fracture notch of the conductive plate.
  • the lower surface of the knife-shaped structure can be a horizontal structure or an inclined surface structure.
  • the limiting protrusion is located in the notch to limit the upper and lower positions of the piston to prevent the piston from damaging the fractured notch of the conductive plate under the condition of vibration.
  • the piston When the piston is not impacted by external force, it can be located in the accommodating cavity.
  • the piston When impacted by high-pressure gas, the piston moves downwards, and the limiting boss breaks and loses the limiting effect on the piston. Then, the piston moves downwards under the guidance of the vertical groove to cut off the conductive plate.
  • the knife-like structure of the piston is eccentrically arranged relative to the piston body, which can prevent the piston from being installed in reverse.
  • the middle casing 2 and the bottom casing 3 are respectively provided with accommodating cavities with upward openings.
  • the piston can enter the accommodating cavity of the middle housing through the accommodating cavity of the upper housing.
  • the conductive plate 4 in the accommodating cavity of the middle casing is partially recessed downwards, and a flat-bottomed notch is formed in the accommodating cavity of the middle casing, so that the conductive plate has an inverted structure as a whole.
  • a disconnection notch 41 and a bending notch 42 are spaced apart on the flat-bottomed portion of the notch of the conductive plate placed at the bottom of the accommodating cavity. Each notch penetrates the width of the conductive plate.
  • the shape of each notch can be a V-shaped structure, or a U-shaped structure, or a combination of U and V notches.
  • the piston knife-like structure is located above the disconnection notch.
  • a circle of limiting steps is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity of the middle casing, and the bottom of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate abuts against the limiting steps.
  • the accommodating cavity portion 9 of the middle housing under the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate has an arc-shaped surface on the side of the side of the disconnected recess.
  • the arc of the arc-shaped surface is oriented toward the conductive plate after being disconnected by the disconnected recess.
  • the arc of the trajectory of the drooping is the same.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the accommodating cavity portion 9 protrudes from the bottom of the middle casing.
  • a through hole is respectively opened at the limit step located below the disconnected notch and the bending notch of the conductive plate, and the through hole is communicated with the containing cavity of the bottom shell.
  • the bottom shell is located below the middle shell, and the accommodating cavity portion 9 of the middle shell is located in the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell.
  • An arc extinguishing medium 7 is filled in the containing cavity of the bottom shell, and the arc extinguishing medium may be a solid arc extinguishing medium or a liquid arc extinguishing medium.
  • a melt 8 is also provided in the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell. The two ends of the melt respectively pass through the through holes at the limit step of the middle shell and are fixedly connected to the bottom of the conductive plate to form a conductive plate and the melt. Connected in parallel.
  • the joints of the melt and the conductive plate are respectively located at the side of the fracture notch and the bending notch close to the side wall of the accommodating cavity of the middle shell. This arrangement can prevent the conductive plate from being affected by the melt when it is disconnected and dropped.
  • the resistivity of the melt is greater than the resistivity of the conductive plate to ensure that the current flows through the conductive plate under normal conditions.
  • the melt 8 and the arc extinguishing medium are equivalent to a fuse, and the two ends of the melt are connected to the two ends of the conductive plate, that is, the structure of a fuse in parallel on the conductive plate is realized.
  • the auxiliary arc extinguishing fuse and the excitation fuse are integrated as a whole, the structure is more compact, and the arc extinguishing effect is better.
  • the middle casing 2 has a penetrating accommodating cavity, the conductive plate 4 is recessed downward, and a flat-bottomed recess is formed at the bottom of the middle casing.
  • the flat bottom of the flat bottom notch of the conductive plate is respectively provided with a disconnection notch and a bending notch at intervals.
  • the flat bottom of the flat bottom notch of the conductive plate is flush with the outer end surface of the accommodating cavity of the middle casing.
  • the bottom shell 3 is provided with a accommodating cavity with an upward opening on the bottom shell 3, and an inverted cover plate 31 is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the cover plate 31 can cover the opening of the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell
  • the cover plate can be fixed on the bottom shell by screws, and can also be fixed on the bottom shell in a snap or other manner.
  • the cover plate has a containing cavity with an opening upward.
  • the containing cavity is located directly below the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate.
  • the cut-off notch and the bending notch are located directly above the side wall of the cover containing cavity. After the plate is disconnected, the conductive plate can fall into the containing cavity of the cover plate.
  • the opening of the accommodating cavity of the cover plate is smaller than the width of the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate. Therefore, the seal can support the flat-bottomed recess of the conductive plate.
  • the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the cover plate abuts against the bottom of the accommodating cavity of the bottom shell, and a groove for the melt 8 to pass through is opened under the bottom of the cover directly below the conductive plate, and the groove is arranged through the groove.
  • the melt can be positioned to prevent it from shaking.
  • a groove for the melt to pass through is opened.
  • the accommodating space formed by the bottom shell and the cover plate is filled with an arc extinguishing medium 7.
  • the melt 8 passes through the groove at the bottom of the cover plate, and the two ends respectively pass through the grooves at the outer end surfaces of the upper two ends of the cover plate, and then bend, adhere to the upper surface of the cover plate and conduct conductive contact with the bottom of the conductive plate.
  • the present invention can also only adopt the upper shell and the lower shell, and the conductive plate is arranged between the upper shell and the lower shell.
  • the lower casing has the same structure as the above-mentioned lower casing. That is, a larger accommodating cavity is provided in the lower housing, and a cover plate with an inverted structure is provided in the accommodating cavity, and the cavity between the cover plate and the inner peripheral wall of the lower housing is sealed by the cover plate. An arc extinguishing medium is arranged in the cavity.
  • the melt is located in the accommodating cavity of the lower shell, and the two ends of the melt pass through the grooves at the two end faces of the cover plate, and then bend and electrically contact the conductive plate.
  • the joint part of the cover plate and the lower shell is filled with sealant, and the melt and the arc extinguishing medium are sealed by the sealant to form a secondary seal.
  • An exhaust port (not shown) for discharging high-pressure gas is opened in the lower casing.
  • the exhaust port preset in the lower shell is usually covered with an adhesive label to ensure the protection level of the product before it operates. When the fuse product operates, the high-pressure gas breaks through the label and exhausts, and the seal is destroyed immediately.
  • the system resistance R (R1+R2)/(R1*R2) of the exciting fuse integrated arc extinguishing melt of the present invention. It can be seen from the parallel resistance formula that the resistance R of the excitation fuse system with integrated arc extinguishing melt is much smaller than that of conventional fuses R1 or R2, so the excitation fuse with integrated arc extinguishing melt has lower heat generation and lower power consumption. smaller.
  • the action principle of the excitation fuse of the integrated arc extinguishing melt when in normal working condition, the protection circuit does not send out an activation signal, the electronic ignition explosive device does not receive the specified electrical signal and does not work, and the internal chemical substances will not react. Then the piston is at the initial design position, and the circuit operates normally.
  • the protection circuit When in an abnormal state (when subjected to a huge external impact or an abnormal current), the protection circuit sends out an excitation signal to activate the electronic ignition explosive device, and the chemical substance inside violently reacts to produce a large amount of high temperature and high pressure gas (ie, explosion), which pushes the piston knife to start The position limit moves downward.
  • the piston moves down to contact the conductive plate with a broken notch, the impact force of the piston acts on the conductive plate, so that the conductive plate is disconnected from the broken notch, and the broken conductive plate is centered on the bending notch. , Slide down along the arc of the cover plate at the bottom of the accommodating part of the cover plate. At this time, the fault current cannot flow through the disconnected conductive plate, and all the current turns to flow through the melt of the parallel fuse, and enters the fusing arc extinguishing state where the melt is fused in the arc extinguishing medium.
  • the present invention Compared with the existing excitation fuse, the present invention has the advantages of low resistance, low heat generation and low power consumption. Both small fault currents and large fault currents can be quickly and reliably disconnected. The ability to resist current impact is stronger. In the case of large rated current, it has advantages in price and volume. It can realize controlled fuse protection under abnormal conditions. Compared with ordinary excitation fuse, this scheme also has the following advantages: it is less affected by air pressure and temperature and humidity, and it can be reliably broken under various working conditions. Under abnormal conditions, the arc generated by the breaking has no effect on the product structure, making it safer and more reliable. Compared with other auxiliary arc extinguishing methods, the production process is mature. The breaking capacity is high, and it is easy to adjust as needed. There is no obvious aging of the breaking capacity after long-term use.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un fusible d'excitation intégré à un corps à l'état fondu d'extinction d'arc. Le fusible d'excitation comprend un boîtier supérieur et un boîtier inférieur qui sont agencés séquentiellement de haut en bas, une plaque conductrice placée entre le boîtier supérieur et le boîtier inférieur, une cavité de réception dotée d'une ouverture vers le bas placée sur le boîtier supérieur, une cavité de réception dotée d'une ouverture vers le haut placée sur le boîtier inférieur, un appareil explosif d'allumage et un piston agencés séquentiellement à l'intérieur de la cavité de réception du boîtier supérieur de haut en bas, la cavité de réception du boîtier inférieur étant remplie d'un milieu d'extinction d'arc, une pièce d'étanchéité utilisée pour sceller le milieu d'extinction d'arc placé à l'intérieur de la cavité de réception du boîtier inférieur, une cavité de réception dotée d'une ouverture vers le haut pour que la plaque conductrice tombe après avoir été déconnectée, placée sur la pièce d'étanchéité, un corps de fusion pénétrant dans le milieu d'extinction d'arc et deux extrémités du corps à l'état fondu passant respectivement à travers une surface d'extrémité supérieure du boîtier inférieur pour être reliées au fond de la plaque conductrice en parallèle, et une partie déconnectée de la plaque conductrice, après avoir été impactée par le piston et déconnectée, étant située entre des jonctions des deux extrémités du corps à l'état fondu et de la plaque conductrice. Les avantages de la présente invention sont que les effets de la pression atmosphérique, de la température et de l'humidité sont réduits, une rupture fiable se produit dans diverses conditions de travail, et la capacité de rupture est élevée.
PCT/CN2021/075863 2019-12-16 2021-02-07 Fusible d'excitation intégré à un corps à l'état fondu d'extinction d'arc WO2021121439A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911294588.5 2019-12-16
CN201911294588.5A CN110854000A (zh) 2019-12-16 2019-12-16 一种集成灭弧熔体的激励熔断器

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WO2021121439A1 true WO2021121439A1 (fr) 2021-06-24

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110854000A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-02-28 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种集成灭弧熔体的激励熔断器
CN111341627A (zh) * 2020-04-07 2020-06-26 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种集成机械力断开灭弧熔体的激励熔断器
US11784021B2 (en) 2020-12-11 2023-10-10 Xi' An Sinofuse Electric Co., Ltd. Mechanical breaking and fusing combined multi-fracture excitation fuse
CN112447461A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-05 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种依次断开导体和熔体的激励熔断器
CN112447462A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-03-05 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种机械打断及熔断组合多断口激励熔断器

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FR3051281A1 (fr) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-17 Herakles Dispositif de coupure electrique et systeme electrique securise comprenant un tel dispositif
CN207939189U (zh) * 2017-08-28 2018-10-02 比亚迪股份有限公司 断路器
CN110299272A (zh) * 2018-03-21 2019-10-01 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种具有灭弧介质的温度保险丝
CN110571113A (zh) * 2019-10-27 2019-12-13 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 激励熔断器辅助灭弧结构
CN110854000A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-02-28 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种集成灭弧熔体的激励熔断器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3051281A1 (fr) * 2016-05-16 2017-11-17 Herakles Dispositif de coupure electrique et systeme electrique securise comprenant un tel dispositif
CN207939189U (zh) * 2017-08-28 2018-10-02 比亚迪股份有限公司 断路器
CN110299272A (zh) * 2018-03-21 2019-10-01 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 一种具有灭弧介质的温度保险丝
CN110571113A (zh) * 2019-10-27 2019-12-13 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 激励熔断器辅助灭弧结构
CN110854000A (zh) * 2019-12-16 2020-02-28 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 一种集成灭弧熔体的激励熔断器

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