WO2021114423A1 - 液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板 - Google Patents

液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021114423A1
WO2021114423A1 PCT/CN2019/129310 CN2019129310W WO2021114423A1 WO 2021114423 A1 WO2021114423 A1 WO 2021114423A1 CN 2019129310 W CN2019129310 W CN 2019129310W WO 2021114423 A1 WO2021114423 A1 WO 2021114423A1
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liquid crystal
polymer layer
display panel
layer structure
substrate
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PCT/CN2019/129310
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English (en)
French (fr)
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兰松
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Tcl华星光电技术有限公司
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Priority to US16/627,801 priority Critical patent/US11162027B2/en
Publication of WO2021114423A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021114423A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/56—Aligning agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133703—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by introducing organic surfactant additives into the liquid crystal material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
    • G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, in particular to a liquid crystal material, a method for preparing a liquid crystal display panel, and a display panel.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • a liquid crystal display panel is composed of a color filter (CF) substrate, a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate, and a liquid crystal (LC) layer.
  • CF color filter
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • LC liquid crystal
  • Some of the existing panels are also provided with an alignment film layer on the CF substrate and the TFT substrate.
  • the alignment film layer is mainly made of polyimide material. The material is expensive and has poor heat resistance and aging resistance. At the same time, the production process is complicated and costly. high.
  • display panels that use other materials to replace polyimide. The alternative materials will form a polymer layer on the surface of the substrate under light.
  • the light-shielding part in the liquid crystal cell such as a black matrix structure
  • the light The inability to pass the light-shielding part results in the inability to form a polymer layer in this area, resulting in impurities in the panel penetrating into the liquid crystal cell, forming afterimages, and reducing display quality.
  • the production process of the alignment film layer on the substrate is complicated and the production cost is high.
  • a complete polymer layer cannot be formed on the surface of the substrate, and impurities can easily penetrate into the product.
  • the display quality is not ideal.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal material, a preparation method of a liquid crystal display panel, and a display panel, so as to solve the problems of high production cost and complex production process of the display panel in the existing display panel. At the same time, it solves the problem of the polymer layer in the liquid crystal layer of the panel. Complete, easy to infiltrate impurities and display quality is not ideal and other issues.
  • a liquid crystal material including:
  • the additive polymerizes under illumination and forms a polymer layer structure
  • the additive includes a reactive material, and the reactive material includes a peroxide.
  • the additive includes a vertical alignment material.
  • the mass percentage of the reactive material is 1.0% to 20%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment material is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 75% to 90%.
  • liquid crystal material including:
  • the additive polymerizes under illumination and forms a polymer layer structure.
  • the additive includes a reactive material and a vertical alignment material.
  • the vertical alignment material includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the mass percentage of the reactive material is 1.0% to 20%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment material is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 75% to 90%.
  • a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel including the following steps:
  • S101 preparing additives, and mixing the additives with liquid crystal molecules to form a liquid crystal material
  • S102 Inject the liquid crystal material onto the thin film transistor substrate or the color filter substrate, and apply a sealant on the periphery of the thin film transistor substrate or the color filter substrate, and coat the periphery of the sealant Conductive plastic;
  • S104 Apply a ramping voltage sequence to the liquid crystal cell while illuminating the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted, and the additives continue to polymerize.
  • the illuminated area includes a first filter area and a second filter area
  • the polymer layer structure includes a first polymer layer structure and a second polymer layer structure
  • the first filter area corresponds to a first polymer layer structure
  • the second filter area corresponds to a second polymer layer structure.
  • the height of the first polymer layer structure is greater than the height of the second polymer layer structure, and both ends of the first polymer layer structure are connected to the thin film transistor substrate and the second polymer layer structure respectively.
  • the color filter substrate is connected, and the second polymer layer structure is distributed on two opposite sides of the thin film transistor substrate and the color filter substrate.
  • the light intensity is 85W/cm 2 ⁇ 100mW/cm 2
  • the first filter area and the second filter area use first cut-off filters with different light transmittances, respectively And the second cut-off filter.
  • the illumination time is 10 minutes to 30 minutes.
  • the illumination time is 30s-100s.
  • the illumination time is 90 minutes to 120 minutes.
  • the additive in the step S101, includes a reactive material and a vertical alignment material.
  • the mass percentage of the reactive material is 1.0%-20%
  • the vertical The mass percentage of the alignment material is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 75% to 90%.
  • the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal material, a method for preparing a liquid crystal display panel, and a display panel.
  • the additives in the liquid crystal material will polymerize.
  • the degree of polymerization of the additives is different. Therefore, after the light is completed,
  • the first polymer layer structure and the second polymer layer structure are formed in the liquid crystal layer of the display panel, so that the polymer layer structure blocks the liquid crystal and supports the display panel at the same time.
  • there is no need to provide a liquid crystal alignment film and a black matrix structure which effectively reduces the production cost of the panel, improves the production process of the panel, and further improves the display quality of the display panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of each layer structure of a display panel in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of material polymerization under illumination in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first polymer layer in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second polymer layer in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display panel prepared by the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • a display panel is provided, as shown in FIG. 1, which is a schematic diagram of each layer structure of the display panel in the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the display panel includes a first substrate 100, a first electrode 103, a first polymer layer structure 104, a liquid crystal layer 105, a second electrode 108, and a second substrate 109.
  • the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109 are disposed oppositely
  • the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 108 are respectively disposed on the opposite sides of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109
  • the first polymer layer structure 104 is disposed on the second substrate.
  • a substrate 100 and a second substrate 109 are provided on the surfaces of the two substrates close to the liquid crystal layer 105.
  • the display panel further includes a plurality of second polymer layer structures 107, the second polymer layer structures 107 are disposed between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109, and between adjacent second polymer layer structures 107 There is a gap, and the liquid crystal material is filled in the gap. At the same time, both ends of the second polymer layer structure 107 are respectively connected to the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109, thereby playing the role of sealing the liquid crystal between adjacent second polymer layer structures 107, The liquid crystal cell formed by a substrate 100 and a second substrate 109 functions as a support.
  • the first substrate 100 may be a thin film transistor substrate, and the second substrate 109 may be a color filter substrate.
  • the first electrode 103 can be a pixel electrode, the electrode material includes indium tin oxide material, and the second electrode 108 can be a common electrode.
  • a voltage is applied between the first electrode 103 and the second electrode 108 to drive Movement of the liquid crystal material in the liquid crystal cell.
  • the first polymer layer structure 104 and the second polymer layer structure 107 are formed by direct polymerization of liquid crystal materials under light. Under light conditions, the polymerization rate of the material forming the second polymer layer structure 107 It is greater than the polymerization rate of the material forming the first polymer layer structure 104. Therefore, the illumination time is controlled so that after the final polymerization is completed, the first polymer layer structure 104 forms a thin layer on the surfaces of the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109 The second polymer layer structure 107 connects the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 109, and the height of the first polymer layer structure 104 is greater than the height of the second polymer layer structure 107.
  • Each layer structure of the display panel may also include a color resist layer 101 and an insulating layer 102.
  • the color resist layer 101 includes a red color resist, a blue color resist, and a green color resist layer.
  • the thickness of the color resists of different colors can be the same or The difference is that the insulating layer 102 is disposed on the color resist layer 101, and the material of the insulating layer 102 can be silicon nitride or the like.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a liquid crystal material.
  • the liquid crystal material includes liquid crystal molecules 105 and additives 106 mixed with the liquid crystal molecules.
  • the additive 106 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure polymerizes in the mixed solution with the liquid crystal molecules 105, and forms a polymer layer structure, wherein the additive 106 has different polymerization rates under different intensities of light. .
  • the additive 106 includes a reactive material and a vertical alignment material.
  • the vertical alignment material can guide the liquid crystal molecules to be vertically aligned in the liquid crystal cell.
  • the vertical alignment material includes one or more of the following compounds: Species:
  • the reactive material can be commonly used active agent materials, such as peroxides and the like.
  • the mass percentage of the reactive material is 1.0-20%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment material is 1.0-5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 75- 90%, prepared according to the different proportions of the above-mentioned ingredients.
  • S101 preparing additives, and mixing the additives with liquid crystal molecules to form a liquid crystal material
  • S102 Inject the liquid crystal material onto the thin film transistor substrate or the color filter substrate, and apply a sealant on the periphery of the thin film transistor substrate or the color filter substrate, and apply sealant on the periphery of the sealant Coating conductive glue;
  • a liquid crystal cell is formed, and the liquid crystal material is injected into the liquid crystal cell.
  • sealant is applied to the periphery of the thin film transistor substrate or the color film substrate. At the same time, Coat conductive glue around the sealant.
  • step S103 the sealant is cured, and the curing method may be heating curing or ultraviolet irradiation curing.
  • the filter area 305 and the second filter area 306 respectively use a first cut-off filter and a second cut-off filter with different light permeability.
  • the first cut filter is, for example, a 310-330 cut filter
  • the second cut filter is, for example, a 340-360 cut filter.
  • the reaction speed is fast, which can form a polymer wall that connects the upper and lower substrates.
  • the reaction speed of the vertical alignment agent and RM is slow , A polymer layer (polymer) is formed on the surface of the substrate.
  • the liquid crystal layer between the thin film transistor substrate and the color filter substrate includes the liquid crystal material provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the liquid crystal material includes an additive and liquid crystal molecules 303, and the additive includes a reactive material 3021 and a vertical alignment material 302.
  • the vertical alignment material 302 is adsorbed on the surfaces of the first electrode 300 and the second electrode 301.
  • the area corresponding to the first filter area 305 is a high-illumination area.
  • the reaction speed between the vertical alignment material 302 and the active material 3021 is faster, and the two can quickly polymerize to form a connection between the upper and lower substrates.
  • the first polymer layer structure can be a polymer barrier wall, and the two ends of the polymer barrier wall are respectively connected to the thin film transistor substrate and the color filter substrate.
  • the area corresponding to the second filter area 306 is a low light area. In this area, the reaction speed between the vertical alignment material 302 and the active material 3021 is slower, and the polymerization rate of the two is lower than that of the high light area. In the low-light area, the vertical alignment material 302 and the active material 3021 can only form a thin second polymer layer structure, and the second polymer layer structure can be a polymer film. Furthermore, the first polymer layer structure and the second polymer layer structure provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure are formed.
  • the light is ultraviolet light
  • the energy of the ultraviolet light is 85-100mW/cm 2
  • the irradiation time is 10min-30min.
  • a polymer layer structure is initially formed in the liquid crystal cell of the liquid crystal display panel, and the additives in the liquid crystal material are not completely reacted. Therefore, a second light is applied to it. During this light-emitting process, the light-transmitting plate is removed and the same light is used for irradiation. A ramping voltage sequence is applied to the liquid crystal cell. Under the action of the voltage, the liquid crystal molecules will tilt, and the size of the voltage and the driving mode are adjusted and maintained, so that the final liquid crystal molecules are tilted in one direction. At the same time, under light, the incompletely polymerized vertical alignment material 302 and the active material 3021 in the liquid crystal material will continue to polymerize, and the polymer layer structure will be further strengthened.
  • the energy of the second illumination is 85-100mW/cm 2 , the illumination time is 30-100s, and the illumination time is less than the first illumination time.
  • This process is the third light.
  • This process is mainly to completely polymerize the vertical alignment material 302 and the active material 3021 in the liquid crystal material. Among them, UV light
  • the irradiation time is 90min ⁇ 120min.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first polymer layer in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second polymer layer in an embodiment of the disclosure. It can be seen that the internal structure of the first polymer layer structure contains more coarse fibrous structures in order to play a better blocking effect, while the surface of the second polymer layer structure is dense and flat.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another display panel structure prepared by the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the structure of the black matrix and the polyimide alignment film layer is omitted, the production process is simplified, and the thickness of the entire display panel is reduced at the same time.
  • the inability of light to pass through the light-shielding part results in the inability to form a polymer layer in this area, and at the same time solves the problem of residual image, improves the display effect of the display panel, and the tilt of the liquid crystal molecules is ideal.

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Abstract

一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板，显示面板包括薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板、聚合物层结构以及液晶层。在制备时，经过三次不同的光照，液晶材料在光照下直接聚合成第一聚合物层结构和第二聚合物层结构，省去了黑矩阵结构和聚酰亚胺配向膜结构，提高了面板的显示效果并降低了制备成本。

Description

液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板 技术领域
本揭示涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板。
背景技术
随着显示技术的飞速发展，液晶显示器(liquid crystal display，LCD)等平面显示装置因具有高画质、省电、机身薄以及使用范围广等优点，而被广泛应用各显示领域内。
通常液晶显示面板由彩膜(color filter，CF)基板、薄膜晶体管(thin film transistor，TFT)基板以及液晶(liquid crystal，LC)层组成。现有的一部分面板在CF基板和TFT基板上还设置有配向膜层，该配向膜层主要为聚酰亚胺材料，该材料的价格高，并且耐热、耐老化性差，同时生产工艺复杂成本高。还有一部分显示面板使用其他材料替代聚酰亚胺，替代材料在光照下会在基板表面形成聚合物层，但是，由于液晶盒中存在有遮光部分，如黑矩阵结构，在制备过程中，光线无法通过遮光部分而导致无法在该区域内形成聚合物层，从而造成面板中的杂质渗入到液晶盒内，形成残影，降低显示质量。
技术问题
综上所述，现有的显示面板中，基板上配向膜层的生产工艺复杂并且生产成本高，同时，无配向膜结构型产品中，基板表面不能形成完整的聚合物层，杂质容易渗入产品内，显示质量不理想。
技术解决方案
本揭示提供一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板，以解决现有显示面板中，显示面板生产成本高，生产工艺复杂的问题，同时，解决面板的液晶层中聚合物层不完整，容易渗入杂质以及显示质量不理想等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本揭示实施例提供的技术方案如下：
根据本揭示实施例的第一方面，提供了一种液晶材料，包括：
液晶分子，以及
与所述液晶分子混合的添加剂；
其中，所述添加剂在光照下发生聚合并形成聚合物层结构；
所述添加剂包括反应活性材料，所述反应活性材料包括过氧化物。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述添加剂包括垂直配向材料。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述垂直配向材料包括以下化合物中的一种或者多种：
Figure PCTCN2019129310-appb-000001
根据本揭示一实施例，所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
根据本揭示实施例的第二方面，还提供一种液晶材料，包括：
液晶分子，以及
与所述液晶分子混合的添加剂；
其中，所述添加剂在光照下发生聚合并形成聚合物层结构。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述添加剂包括反应活性材料以及垂直配向材料。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述垂直配向材料包括以下化合物中的一种或者多种：
Figure PCTCN2019129310-appb-000002
根据本揭示一实施例，所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
根据本揭示实施例的第二方面，还提供一种液晶显示面板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
S100：制备薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板；
S101：配制添加剂，并将所述添加剂与液晶分子混合，形成液晶材料；
S102：将所述液晶材料滴注到所述薄膜晶体管基板上或者所述彩膜基板上，并在所述薄膜晶体管基板或彩膜基板周边涂布密封胶，并在所述密封胶外围涂布导电胶；
S103：将所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板贴合，并对所述密封胶固化，形成液晶盒，光照所述液晶盒，使所述添加剂聚合并形成聚合物层结构；
S104：对所述液晶盒施加爬坡电压序列，同时光照所述液晶盒，所述液晶分子发生倾斜，并使所述添加剂继续聚合。
S105：撤去电压，继续光照，完成液晶显示面板的制备。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述步骤S103中，所述光照区域包括第一滤光区和第二滤光区，所述聚合物层结构包括第一聚合物层结构和第二聚合物层结构，所述第一滤光区对应形成第一聚合物层结构，所述第二滤光区对应形成第二聚合物层结构。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述第一聚合物层结构的高度大于所述第二聚合物层结构的高度，且所述第一聚合物层结构的两端分别与所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板连接，所述第二聚合物层结构分布在所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板相对的两面上。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述光照强度为85W/cm 2～100mW/cm 2，所述第一滤光区和所述第二滤光区分别使用透光性不同的第一截止滤光片和第二截止滤光片。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述步骤S103中，所述光照时间为10min～30min。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述步骤S104中，所述光照时间为30s～100s。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述步骤S105中，所述光照时间为90min～120min。
根据本揭示一实施例，所述步骤S101中，所述添加剂包括反应活性材料和垂直配向材料，在配制所述添加剂时，所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为 1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
有益效果
综上所述，本揭示实施例的有益效果为：
本揭示提供一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板，在光照情况下，液晶材料中的添加剂会发生聚合，在不同光照强度下，添加剂的聚合程度不同，因此，光照完成后，显示面板的液晶层中形成了第一聚合物层结构和第二聚合物层结构，从而聚合物层结构对液晶起到阻隔，同时对显示面板起到支撑的作用。本揭示实施例中，无需设置液晶配向膜以及黑矩阵结构，有效的降低了面板的生产成本，改善了面板的生产工艺，并且进一步的提高了显示面板的显示质量。
附图说明
图1为本揭示实施例中的显示面板的各层结构示意图；
图2为本揭示实施例中液晶显示面板的制备方法流程示意图；
图3为本揭示实施例中光照下材料聚合示意图；
图4为本揭示实施例中第一聚合物层结构示意图；
图5为本揭示实施例中第二聚合物层结构示意图；
图6为本揭示实施例制备形成的显示面板结构示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本揭示可用以实施的特定实施例。
在本揭示实施例中，提供一种显示面板，如图1所示，图1为本揭示实施例中的显示面板的各层结构示意图。所述显示面板包括第一基板100、第一电极103、第一聚合物层结构104、液晶层105、第二电极108以及第二基板109。其中，第一基板100与第二基板109相对设置，第一电极103与第二电极108分别设置在第一基板100与第二基板109相对的两面上，第一聚合物层结构104设置在第一基板100与第二基板109上，并设置在两基板靠近液晶层105一侧的面上。
进一步的，显示面板还包括多个第二聚合物层结构107，第二聚 合物层结构107设置在第一基板100与第二基板109之间，相邻的第二聚合物层结构107之间有间隙，在所述间隙内填充有液晶材料。同时，所述第二聚合物层结构107的两端分别与第一基板100和第二基板109相连，从而起到了密封相邻第二聚合物层结构107之间的液晶的作用，并对第一基板100与第二基板109形成的液晶盒起到支撑的作用。
在本揭示实施例中，第一基板100可为薄膜晶体管基板，第二基板109可为彩膜基板。其中第一电极103可为像素电极，电极材料包括氧化铟锡材料，第二电极108可为公共电极，在后续实施例中，在第一电极103和第二电极108之间施加电压，以驱动液晶盒内液晶材料的运动。
本揭示实施例中，第一聚合物层结构104和第二聚合物层结构107由液晶材料在光照下直接聚合而形成，在光照条件下，形成第二聚合物层结构107的材料的聚合速率大于形成第一聚合物层结构104的材料的聚合速率，因此，控制光照时间，使最终聚合完成后，第一聚合物层结构104在第一基板100和第二基板109面上形成一薄层膜层结构，而第二聚合物层结构107将第一基板100与第二基板109连接，第一聚合物层结构104的高度大于所述第二聚合物层结构107的高度。
显示面板的各层结构中还可包括色阻层101以及绝缘层102，所述色阻层101包括红色色阻、蓝色色阻以及绿色色阻层，各不同色的色阻的厚度可相同或者不同，所述绝缘层102设置在色阻层101上，所述绝缘层102的材料可为氮化硅等材料。
具体的，本揭示实施例还提供一种液晶材料。如图1中所示，所述液晶材料包括液晶分子105以及与所述液晶分子混合的添加剂106。在光照下，本揭示实施例提供的添加剂106在与液晶分子105的混合溶液中会发生聚合，并形成聚合物层结构，其中，所述添加剂106在不同的强度的光照下，其聚合速率不同。
本揭示实施例中，所述添加剂106包括反应活性材料以及垂直配 向材料，所述垂直配向材料可引导液晶分子在液晶盒内垂直排列，具体的，垂直配向材料包括以下化合物中的一种或者几种：
Figure PCTCN2019129310-appb-000003
反应活性材料可为常用的活性剂材料，如过氧化物类等。同时，在配制本揭示实施例中的液晶材料时，反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75～90％，分别按照上述各成分的不同配比进行配制。
进一步的，本揭示实施例还提供一种液晶显示面板的制备方法。如图2所示，图2为本揭示实施例中液晶显示面板的制备方法流程示意图，通过本制备方法可制备形成一种同时不含黑矩阵以及聚酰亚胺 配向膜的液晶显示面板。制备方法包括如下步骤：
S100：制备薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板；
S101：配制添加剂，并将所述添加剂与液晶分子混合，形成液晶材料；
在本揭示实施例中，所述添加剂材料以反应活性材料和垂直配向材料为例进行说明，配制时，按照如下质量百分比分别进行配制，反应活性材料：垂直配向材料：液晶分子＝1.0～20％：1.0～5.0％：75～90％。混合均匀后，形成本揭示实施例中的液晶材料。
S102：将所述液晶材料滴注到所述薄膜晶体管基板上或者所述彩膜基板上，并在所述薄膜晶体管基板或所述彩膜基板周边涂布密封胶，并在所述密封胶外围涂布导电胶；
薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板相互贴合后，形成液晶盒，并将液晶材料注入到液晶盒内，为了保证贴合密封性能，在薄膜晶体管基板或彩膜基板的周边涂布密封胶，同时，在密封胶的外围涂布导电胶。
S103：将所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板贴合，并对所述密封胶固化，形成液晶盒，光照所述液晶盒，使所述添加剂聚合并形成聚合物层结构；
S104：对所述液晶盒施加爬坡电压序列，同时光照所述液晶盒，所述液晶分子发生倾斜，并使所述添加剂继续聚合。
S105：撤去电压，继续光照，完成液晶显示面板的制备。
在步骤S103中，使所述密封胶固化，固化方式可采用加热固化或者紫外线照射固化。
如图3所示，图3为本揭示实施例中光照下材料聚合示意图。在本揭示实施例中，需要经过3次光照处理，其中，在步骤S103中，为第一次光照处理。具体的，在光照前，选取具有不同透光率的透光板，光线经过所述透光板到达液晶盒表面时，会形成不同的光照强度。透光板304中可包括第一滤光区305以及第二滤光区306，其中，第一滤光区305与第二滤光区306中的透光率不同，具体的，所述第一滤光区305和所述第二滤光区306分别使用透光性不同的第一截止滤 光片和第二截止滤光片。第一截止滤光片例如为310～330截止滤光片(cutfilter)，所述第二截止滤光片例如为340～360截止滤光片。这样使得液晶盒内不同区域获得光强不同，在光照强度大的地方(配置310～330截止滤光片的第一滤光区305)，垂直配向剂和RM(Reactive Mesogen,反应性介晶体)反应速度快，可形成连接上下基板的聚合物墙(polymer wall)，在光照强度弱的地方(配置340～360截止滤光片的第二滤光区306)，垂直配向剂和RM反应速度慢，在基板表面形成聚合物层(polymer)。
对应的，薄膜晶体管基板与彩膜基板之间的液晶层中，包含有本揭示实施例提供的液晶材料。液晶材料包括添加剂以及液晶分子303，添加剂包括反应活性材料3021以及垂直配向材料302。垂直配向材料302吸附在第一电极300和第二电极301的表面。
光照时，第一滤光区305对应的区域为高光照区域，在该区域内，垂直配向材料302与活性材料3021之间的反应速度较快，两者能迅速聚合，最终可形成连接上下基板的第一聚合物层结构，第一聚合物层结构可为聚合物挡墙，聚合物挡墙的两端分别与薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板相连。
而第二滤光区306对应的区域为低光照区域，在该区域内，垂直配向材料302与活性材料3021之间的反应速度较慢，两者的聚合速率不及高光照区域，当光照相同时间，低光照区域内，垂直配向材料302与活性材料3021只能形成一薄层第二聚合物层结构，第二聚合物层结构可为聚合物薄膜。进而，形成本揭示实施例提供的第一聚合物层结构和第二聚合物层结构。
其中，在第一次光照时，光线为紫外光，紫外光的能量为85～100mW/cm 2，照射时间为10min～30min。
当第一次光照完成后，液晶显示面板的液晶盒内初步形成聚合物层结构，液晶材料中的添加剂并未完全反应。因此，对其施加第二次光照，此光照过程中，去除透光板，使用相同的光进行照射。并对液晶盒施加爬坡电压序列，在电压的作用下，液晶分子会发生倾斜，调 控电压的大小以及驱动方式并保持，使最终液晶分子朝一个方向倾斜。同时，在光照下，液晶材料中的未完全聚合的垂直配向材料302与活性材料3021会继续聚合，聚合物层结构进一步加强。
此时，第二次光照的的能量为85～100mW/cm 2，照射时间为30～100s，光照时间小于第一次的光照时间。
第二次光照处理完成后，将施加的电压撤去，同时继续光照，此过程为第三次光照，该过程主要是使液晶材料中的垂直配向材料302与活性材料3021完全聚合，其中，UV光照射的时间为90min～120min。
具体的，如图4所示、图5所示，图4为本揭示实施例中第一聚合物层结构示意图，图5为本揭示实施例中第二聚合物层结构示意图。可知，第一聚合物层结构内部的结构包含有较多粗大的纤维状结构，以便起到较好的阻挡作用，而第二聚合物层结构的表面材料密集，平面平整。
最终，如图6所示，图6为本揭示实施例制备形成的又一显示面板结构示意图。结合图1中的结构，在本揭示实施例的显示面板中，省去了黑矩阵以及聚酰亚胺配向膜层的结构，简化了生产工艺，同时减薄了整个显示面板的厚度，解决了光线无法通过遮光部分而导致无法在该区域内形成聚合物层的问题，同时解决残影问题，提高了显示面板的显示效果，液晶分子的倾斜较理想。
以上对本揭示实施例所提供的一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制备方法及显示面板进行了详细介绍，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本揭示的技术方案及其核心思想；本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本揭示各实施例的技术方案的范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种液晶材料，包括：
    液晶分子，以及
    与所述液晶分子混合的添加剂；
    其中，所述添加剂在光照下发生聚合并形成聚合物层结构；
    所述添加剂包括反应活性材料，所述反应活性材料包括过氧化物。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液晶材料，其中所述添加剂还包括垂直配向材料。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶材料，其中所述垂直配向材料包括以下化合物中的一种或者多种：
    Figure PCTCN2019129310-appb-100001
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的液晶材料，其中所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
  5. 一种液晶材料，包括：
    液晶分子，以及
    与所述液晶分子混合的添加剂；
    其中，所述添加剂在光照下发生聚合并形成聚合物层结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的液晶材料，其中所述添加剂包括反应活性材料以及垂直配向材料。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液晶材料，其中所述垂直配向材料包括以下化合物中的一种或者多种：
    Figure PCTCN2019129310-appb-100002
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的液晶材料，其中所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
  9. 一种液晶显示面板的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
    S100：制备薄膜晶体管基板和彩膜基板；
    S101：配制添加剂，并将所述添加剂与液晶分子混合，形成液晶材料；
    S102：将所述液晶材料滴注到所述薄膜晶体管基板上或者所述彩膜基板上，并在所述薄膜晶体管基板或所述彩膜基板周边涂布密封胶，并在所述密封胶外围涂布导电胶；
    S103：将所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板贴合，并对所述密封胶固化，形成液晶盒，光照所述液晶盒，使所述添加剂聚合并形成聚合物层结构；
    S104：对所述液晶盒施加爬坡电压序列，同时光照所述液晶盒，所述液晶分子发生倾斜，并使所述添加剂继续聚合。
    S105：撤去电压，继续光照，完成液晶显示面板的制备。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述步骤S103中，所述光照区域包括第一滤光区和第二滤光区，所述聚合物层结构包括第一聚合物层结构和第二聚合物层结构，所述第一滤光区对应形成第一聚合物层结构，所述第二滤光区对应形成第二聚合物层结构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述第一聚合物层结构的高度大于所述第二聚合物层结构的高度，且所述第一聚合物层结构的两端分别与所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板连接，所述第二聚合物层结构分布在所述薄膜晶体管基板和所述彩膜基板相对的两面上。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述光照强度为85W/cm 2～100mW/cm 2，所述第一滤光区和所述第二滤光区分别使用透光性不同的第一截止滤光片和第二截止滤光片。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述步骤S103中，所述光照时间为10min～30min。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述步骤S104中，所述光照时间为30s～100s。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述 步骤S105中，所述光照时间为90min～120min。
  16. 根据权利9所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中所述步骤S101中，所述添加剂包括反应活性材料和垂直配向材料。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的液晶显示面板的制备方法，其中在配制所述添加剂时，所述反应活性材料的质量百分比为1.0％～20％，所述垂直配向材料的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为75％～90％。
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