WO2021104066A1 - 扬声器和电子设备 - Google Patents

扬声器和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021104066A1
WO2021104066A1 PCT/CN2020/128907 CN2020128907W WO2021104066A1 WO 2021104066 A1 WO2021104066 A1 WO 2021104066A1 CN 2020128907 W CN2020128907 W CN 2020128907W WO 2021104066 A1 WO2021104066 A1 WO 2021104066A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voice coil
skeleton
driving
magnetic
magnetic gap
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PCT/CN2020/128907
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王建建
徐延东
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歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021104066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021104066A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of acoustic and electrical equipment, and in particular to a loudspeaker and electronic equipment.
  • Micro speakers are widely used in portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and hearing aids. With the rapid development of these portable electronic devices, people have higher and higher requirements for the miniature electro-acoustic devices used in them. Among them, the voice coil assembly is an important part of the micro speaker.
  • the connecting frame connects the driving voice coil and the diaphragm, so as not only to increase the maximum amplitude of the speaker, but also to dissipate the heat generated by the driving voice coil to protect the diaphragm or the centering support piece.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to propose a loudspeaker, which aims to solve the technical problem that the connection of the skeleton affects the sensitivity of the loudspeaker in the related art.
  • the present invention provides a loudspeaker, including:
  • a magnetic circuit system the magnetic circuit system having a magnetic gap
  • a vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil assembly arranged corresponding to the magnetic gap, the voice coil assembly includes a skeleton voice coil and a driving voice coil, one end of the skeleton voice coil is connected to the diaphragm, The driving voice coil is connected to the other end of the skeleton voice coil; and
  • the control unit is configured to control the energization of the skeleton voice coil when the skeleton voice coil moves to the first position in a direction close to the magnetic gap; the control unit is also configured to control the energization of the skeleton voice coil; When the voice coil moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap to the second position, the skeleton voice coil is controlled to be powered off.
  • control unit includes a control switch connected in series with the bobbin voice coil, and the control switch has a conducting state when the bobbin voice coil moves in a direction close to the magnetic gap to the first position And the disconnected state when the skeleton voice coil moves to the second position in a direction away from the magnetic gap.
  • the first position and the second position are the same position.
  • control unit further includes a detection unit configured to detect the movement position of the skeleton voice coil.
  • the detection unit includes a position sensor for fixed-point detection or real-time detection of the movement position of the skeleton voice coil; or,
  • the detection unit includes a detection circuit for detecting a voltage parameter or a current parameter of the driving voice coil to detect the movement position of the skeleton voice coil.
  • the skeleton voice coil is connected in parallel with the driving voice coil.
  • the skeleton voice coil is connected in series with the driving voice coil
  • the loudspeaker further includes a bypass circuit connected in parallel to the bobbin voice coil and the control switch.
  • a bypass switch is provided on the bypass circuit. The disconnected state when moving in the direction of the gap to the first position, and the conducting state when the skeleton voice coil moves in the direction away from the magnetic gap to the second position.
  • the driving voice coil includes a plurality of sub-voice coils connected in sequence.
  • the detection unit of the control unit includes a detection circuit, and the detection circuit is configured to detect the potential difference between the two of the sub-voice coils in series.
  • the conductivity of the wire of the skeleton voice coil is less than the conductivity of the wire of the driving voice coil; and/or,
  • the radial thickness of the skeleton voice coil is smaller than the radial thickness of the driving voice coil; and/or,
  • the axial length of the skeleton voice coil is smaller than the axial length of the driving voice coil.
  • the skeleton voice coil is formed by winding self-adhesive enameled wire
  • the driving voice coil is formed by winding self-adhesive enameled wire
  • the skeleton voice coil and the driving voice coil are formed by the self-adhesive enameled wire of the self-adhesive enameled wire. connection.
  • the wire material of the skeleton voice coil is a copper-clad aluminum enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device including a housing and a speaker, and the speaker is provided in the housing.
  • the speaker includes:
  • a magnetic circuit system the magnetic circuit system having a magnetic gap
  • a vibration system includes a diaphragm and a voice coil assembly arranged corresponding to the magnetic gap, the voice coil assembly includes a skeleton voice coil and a driving voice coil, one end of the skeleton voice coil is connected to the diaphragm, The driving voice coil is connected to the other end of the skeleton voice coil; and
  • the control unit is configured to control the energization of the skeleton voice coil when the skeleton voice coil moves to the first position in a direction close to the magnetic gap; the control unit is also configured to control the energization of the skeleton voice coil; When the voice coil moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap to the second position, the skeleton voice coil is controlled to be powered off.
  • the skeleton voice coil when the speaker is working, can be energized when it moves to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap, so that the energized skeleton voice coil generates (extra) driving force.
  • the voice coil component and the diaphragm to vibrate to improve the sensitivity of the speaker, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker.
  • the driving voice coil can be powered off when it moves to the second position in a direction away from the magnetic gap, so as to reduce power consumption.
  • the driving voice coil can be energized after entering the dense magnetic line of induction, and power off after entering the sparse magnetic line of induction area, so that the energization state of the bobbin voice coil can be controlled according to the magnetic field distribution of the speaker, and the bobbin can be reduced.
  • the invalid energization time of the voice coil can not only increase the sensitivity of the speaker and improve the acoustic performance of the speaker, but also reduce the power consumption of the speaker.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an embodiment of a speaker of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the voice coil assembly in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the voice coil assembly in a state in the magnetic gap of the speaker of the present invention; wherein the skeleton voice coil is in an area where the magnetic lines of induction are relatively sparsely distributed;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the voice coil assembly in Fig. 3 in another state in the magnetic gap; wherein the skeleton voice coil is in an area where the magnetic lines of induction are densely distributed.
  • the present invention provides a loudspeaker.
  • the speaker is used in electronic devices, such as portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, MP3s, tablet computers, notebook computers, and hearing aids.
  • portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, MP3s, tablet computers, notebook computers, and hearing aids.
  • the speaker 100 includes a magnetic circuit system and a vibration system.
  • the speaker 100 usually further includes a basin frame 40, and the magnetic circuit system and the vibration system are both installed on the basin frame 40.
  • the magnetic circuit system has a magnetic gap 30.
  • the structure of the magnetic circuit system is various, and the following is only an example for description, but it is not used to limit the present invention.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic yoke 50 installed on the basin frame 40, and a center mounted on the magnetic yoke 50 Magnetic circuit 60 and side magnetic circuit 70.
  • the central magnetic circuit 60 includes a central magnet 61 mounted on the magnetic yoke 50 and a central magnetic plate 62 mounted on the central magnet 61;
  • the side magnetic circuit 70 includes side magnets mounted on the magnetic yoke 50 71 and the side magnetic conductive plate 72 provided on the side magnet 71; the side magnet 71 and the side magnetic plate are distributed on the peripheral side of the central magnet 61, and a magnetic gap 30 is formed between the central magnetic conductive plate 62 and the side magnetic conductive plate 72 .
  • the magnetic circuit system can also be configured in other structural forms.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a T iron installed on the basin frame 40 and The side magnetic circuit 70 on the base of the T-iron.
  • the side magnetic circuit 70 includes a side magnet 71 and a side magnetic guide plate 72 provided on the side magnet 71.
  • the upper end of the T-iron column and the side guide of the side magnetic circuit 70 A magnetic gap 30 is formed between the magnetic plates 72.
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a U iron installed on the basin frame 40 and a central magnetic circuit 60 installed on the bottom plate of the U iron.
  • the central magnetic circuit 60 includes a central magnet. 61 and a central magnetic conductive plate 62 provided on the side magnet 71, a magnetic gap 30 is formed between the upper end of the side wall of the U iron and the central magnetic conductive plate 62 of the central magnetic circuit 60; and so on.
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm 20 and a voice coil assembly 10 corresponding to the magnetic gap 30.
  • the diaphragm 20 is installed on the frame 40, one end of the voice coil assembly 10 is connected to the diaphragm 20, and the other end extends into the magnetic gap 30.
  • a magnetic field is generated in the magnetic gap 30.
  • the voice coil assembly 10 is energized, and the energized voice coil assembly 10 is subjected to force in the magnetic field to vibrate, and the vibrating voice coil assembly 10 will drive the diaphragm 20 together. Vibrate, so that the diaphragm 20 urges the air to make sound.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 one end of the skeleton voice coil 11 is connected to the diaphragm 20, and the driving voice coil 12 is connected to the skeleton voice coil.
  • the other end of the coil 11, the end of the driving voice coil 12 away from the skeleton voice coil 11 extends into the magnetic gap 30.
  • the driving voice coil 12 is used to connect to an external circuit.
  • the driving voice coil 12 is energized, and the energized driving voice coil 12 is subjected to a force in the magnetic field in the magnetic gap 30 to generate vibrations.
  • the diaphragm 20 is driven to vibrate together, so that the diaphragm 20 drives the air to make sound.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 is connected to the driving voice coil 12 and the diaphragm 20, which can increase the axial length of the voice coil assembly 10 (that is, the extension direction of the center line of the voice coil assembly 10), thereby Not only can the maximum amplitude of the speaker 100 be increased, but also the rigid connection between the voice coil assembly 10 and the diaphragm 20 (the Dome 22) can be improved.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 is also used to connect with an external circuit
  • the speaker 100 further includes a control unit (not shown), and the control unit is used to connect the skeleton voice coil 11 to an external circuit.
  • the control unit When the coil 11 moves to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30, the skeleton voice coil 11 is controlled to be energized (that is, the skeleton voice coil 11 is controlled to be in a conductive state with the external circuit); the control unit also uses When the skeleton voice coil 11 is moved to the second position in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30, the skeleton voice coil 11 is controlled to be powered off (that is, the skeleton voice coil 11 is controlled to be in a disconnected state from the external circuit) .
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 can be moved to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30 and then enter the magnetic line of induction.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 can generate a greater driving force after being energized, so that the sensitivity of the speaker 100 can be improved.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30 to the second position and then enter an area where the magnetic induction lines are relatively sparsely distributed.
  • the magnetic field strength is small. If the skeleton voice coil 11 is continuously energized, it will only increase the power consumption, but cannot generate effective driving force. In this way, the skeleton voice coil 11 is moved in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30 Power off after reaching the second position can reduce power consumption; at this time, it should be pointed out that driving the voice coil 12 can generate sufficient driving force to ensure the sensitivity of the speaker 100.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 when the speaker 100 is working, the skeleton voice coil 11 can be energized when it moves to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30, so that the skeleton voice coil 11 after the energization (additional ) A driving force to drive the voice coil assembly 10 and the diaphragm 20 to vibrate to increase the sensitivity of the speaker 100, thereby improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 can be powered off when it moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30 to the second position, so as to reduce power consumption.
  • the driving voice coil 12 can be energized after entering the area with dense magnetic lines of induction, and power off after entering the area with sparse lines of magnetic induction, so that the energization state of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be controlled according to the magnetic field distribution of the speaker 100.
  • the invalid energization time of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be reduced, so that not only the sensitivity of the speaker 100 can be improved, so as to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 100, but also the power consumption of the speaker 100 can be reduced.
  • the voice coil assembly 10 in the magnetic gap 30 in a balanced state.
  • the positions of the first position and the second position can improve the vibration stability and symmetry of the voice coil assembly 10, thereby improving the overall acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the first position and the second position can also be the same position.
  • the first position and the second position are the same position.
  • the position is set on the side of the magnetic gap 30 close to the diaphragm 20 (that is, the upper side in the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 3), for example, the position can be set on the side magnetic conductive plate 72 or the central magnetic conductive plate 62.
  • the surface facing the diaphragm 20 that is, the upper surface in the state shown in FIGS. 2 and 3
  • the position can also be set at a predetermined distance from the upper surface of the magnetic conductive plate or the central magnetic conductive plate 62. In this way, it can be realized that the skeleton voice coil 11 is energized after entering the area with dense magnetic lines of induction, and is powered off after entering the area with sparse magnetic lines of induction.
  • control unit includes a control switch connected in series with the skeleton voice coil 11, and the control switch has a conducting state when the skeleton voice coil 11 moves in a direction close to the magnetic gap 30 to the first position, and Said skeleton voice coil 11 is in a disconnected state when it moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30 to the second position.
  • control switch may be arranged on the lead of the skeleton voice coil 11, or may be arranged in an external circuit.
  • the control unit controls the control switch to switch to the on state, so that the skeleton voice coil 11 is energized;
  • the control unit controls the control switch to switch to the off state, so that the skeleton voice coil 11 is powered off.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 can be energized or de-energized by controlling the on or off state of the control switch.
  • control switch may be arranged in the internal space of the speaker 100, or on the surface of the speaker 100, or even on the control circuit board of the electronic device.
  • control switch which can be physical (such as a relay, or a micro switch, etc.), or a circuit design (such as an integrated circuit, etc.), etc. .
  • control unit further includes a detection unit for detecting the movement position of the skeleton voice coil 11. In this way, the control unit can control the on-off of the control switch according to the position of the skeleton voice coil 11 detected by the detection unit, so as to control the energized state of the skeleton voice coil 11.
  • the detection unit includes a position sensor, and the position sensor is used for fixed-point detection or real-time detection of the movement position of the skeleton voice coil 11.
  • the position sensor can be an infrared sensor or the like, and the transmitter of the position sensor is arranged on the central magnetic plate 62 or the side magnetic plate.
  • the receiving part is corresponding to the voice coil assembly 10 or the diaphragm 20.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 When the skeleton voice coil 11 moves to this position for the first time, it indicates that the skeleton voice coil 11 is approaching the magnetic gap. Move to the first position in the direction of 30; then, when the skeleton voice coil 11 moves to this position for the second and fourth even number of times, it means that the skeleton voice coil 11 moves to the second position in the direction away from the magnetic gap 30; When the skeleton voice coil 11 moves to this position for the third and fifth odd times, it means that the skeleton voice coil 11 moves to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30.
  • two position sensors can be provided, and one of the position sensors is used to detect the movement of the skeleton voice coil 11 to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30 (such as when When the receiving part of the position sensor receives the signal from the transmitting part for the odd number of times, it means that the skeleton voice coil 11 is moving to the first position in the direction close to the magnetic gap 30.
  • the receiving part of the position sensor receives the signal for the even number of times The signal from the transmitter is ignored)
  • the other position sensor is used to detect the movement of the skeleton voice coil 11 in the direction away from the magnetic gap 30 to the second position.
  • the position sensor can be a laser sensor, etc., and the position sensor can be arranged on the magnetic yoke 50 and corresponding to the lower end of the driving voice coil 12 for real-time monitoring.
  • the movement position of the voice coil assembly 10 and the skeleton voice coil 11; the sensor can also be arranged on the basin frame 40 or the side magnetic plate 72 or the central magnetic plate 62 to monitor the movement position of the diaphragm 20 in real time to detect the skeleton The movement position of the voice coil 11.
  • the detection unit includes a detection circuit for detecting the voltage parameter or current parameter of the driving voice coil 12 to detect the movement position of the skeleton voice coil 11. In this way, the movement position of the voice coil assembly 10 can be reflected (that is, calculated) in real time by setting the detection circuit to detect the voltage or current change of the driving voice coil 12.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can be connected in parallel. In this way, it is possible to control the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 separately, so as to avoid the change of the energization state of the skeleton voice coil 11 from affecting the driving voice coil 12.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can also be connected in series.
  • the speaker 100 also includes a parallel connection
  • a bypass switch is provided on the bypass circuit, and the bypass switch has the function of moving the skeleton voice coil 11 in a direction close to the magnetic gap 30 to the first position The disconnected state at, and the conductive state when the bobbin voice coil 11 moves in the direction away from the magnetic gap 30 to the second position.
  • the control unit controls the control switch to switch to the on state, and controls the bypass switch to switch to the off state, so as to The skeleton voice coil 11 is energized to avoid affecting the operation of the voice coil assembly 10; when the skeleton voice coil 11 moves in a direction away from the magnetic gap 30 and moves to the second position, the control unit controls the control switch to switch to The bypass switch is controlled to switch to the on state, so as to cut off the skeleton voice coil 11 and avoid affecting the operation of the voice coil assembly 10.
  • connection manner of the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can also be further designed according to the connection manner of the plurality of sub-voice coils, which will be described below with examples.
  • the driving voice coil 12 includes a plurality of (that is, greater than or equal to two) sub-voice coils connected in sequence. Specifically, the plurality of sub-voice coils all have first and second ends in the same direction. For two adjacent sub-voice coils, the first end of one sub-voice coil is connected to the second end of the other sub-voice coil.
  • the driving voice coil 12 can also be arranged as an integrated voice coil.
  • multiple sub-voice coils may be arranged in series with each other or arranged in parallel with each other, all of which can improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker 100; the following descriptions are made separately.
  • multiple sub-voice coils are connected in series.
  • the position of the voice coil assembly 10 in the magnetic gap 30 can be modeled according to the difference in the electromotive force between the two adjacent sub-voice coils in series, so that the voice coil assembly 10 can be calculated in real time. Therefore, the vibration system of the speaker 100 can be optimized in real time to improve the acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the positions of the two adjacent sub-voice coils in the magnetic field of the magnetic gap 30 are different, so the magnetic induction intensity passing through the two adjacent sub-voice coils is also different, and thus the magnetic induction intensity of the two adjacent sub-voice coils is also different.
  • the induced electromotive force generated by the two adjacent sub-voice coils is also different.
  • the voice coil assembly 10 deviates from the preset position during the vibration process, the positions of the two adjacent sub voice coils will both change. At this time, the induced electromotive force generated by the two adjacent sub voice coils will change.
  • the voltage difference at the connection of the two sub-voice coils changes, and the overall offset of the voice coil assembly 10 can be calculated by detecting the change in the voltage difference, so that the voice coil assembly 10 can be reset to the preset value by externally inputting a compensation current. Therefore, the position of the voice coil assembly 10 can be corrected to improve the vibration stability and symmetry of the voice coil assembly 10 in the magnetic field, thereby effectively improving the overall acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • a detection circuit when a detection circuit is used to detect the movement position of the skeleton voice coil 11, at least two of the sub-voice coils can be connected in series, and the detection circuit is used to detect the potential difference between the two sub-voice coils in series. , By calculating the relative positions of two adjacent sub-voice coils in the magnetic field by real-time calculation, the vibration positions of the voice coil assembly 10 and the skeleton voice coil 11 in the magnetic field can be detected.
  • multiple sub-voice coils are connected in parallel with each other.
  • the thickness of the voice coil can be made thinner, the magnetic gap 30 can be narrower, and the BL value can be higher, thereby increasing the sensitivity of the vibration system and improving the acoustic performance of the speaker 100.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 in addition to the skeleton voice coil 11 and multiple sub-voice coils in parallel or in series as a whole, the skeleton voice coil 11 can also be connected in series with any one of the sub-voice coils. In this case, it is also necessary to connect the skeleton voice coil 11 and the control A bypass circuit is set outside the switch.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 is formed by winding self-adhesive enameled wire
  • the driving voice coil 12 is formed by winding self-adhesive enameled wire
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 are formed by the self-adhesive enameled wire.
  • the self-adhesive enameled wire is a special kind of enameled wire, which is sticky after heating, and its stickiness is good.
  • the voice coil assembly 10 is wound, the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can be wound in close proximity and connected together by a self-adhesive varnish of a self-adhesive enameled wire.
  • the self-adhesive enameled wire can be blown with hot air to make it sticky, so that the adjacent enameled wires will be bonded together during the winding.
  • the bonding force between the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 is relatively high, so that the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can be improved.
  • the connection strength of the driving voice coil 12; moreover, the temperature resistance performance can be improved.
  • the driving voice coil 12 includes multiple (that is, greater than or equal to two) sub-voice coils connected in sequence.
  • the multiple sub-voice coils are all formed by winding self-adhesive enameled wire.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and one of the sub-voices The coils are connected by the self-adhesive varnish of the self-adhesive enameled wire, and the two adjacent sub-voice coils are connected by the self-adhesive varnish of the self-adhesive enameled wire to ensure/improve the connection strength of the two adjacent sub-voice coils and improve the temperature resistance. And it is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of the speaker 100.
  • the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 are wound on the same winding tool. Specifically, the skeletal voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 are wound in the same winding tool in sequence and close to each other. In this way, by winding the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 on the same winding tooling, not only the concentricity of the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil 12 can be improved, but also the skeleton voice coil 11 and the driving voice coil can be made The joints of 12 are tightly wound, so that the acoustic performance of the speaker 100 can be improved.
  • the driving voice coil 12 includes multiple (that is, greater than or equal to two) sub-voice coils connected in sequence, and the skeleton voice coil 11 and the multiple sub-voice coils are wound on the same winding tool. Specifically, the skeleton voice coil 11 and a plurality of sub-voice coils are wound in sequence and in close proximity to the same winding tool. In this way, the concentricity and high consistency of the coils of the voice coil assembly 10 can be improved, and the acoustic performance of the speaker 100 can be improved.
  • the innermost layer of winding should be wound first, and the innermost layer of winding has an entry end; after the winding, The outermost winding has an outlet end.
  • the number of the sub-voice coils is set to two, and they are respectively the first sub-voice coil 121 and the second sub-voice coil 122, and the first sub-voice coil 121 and The skeleton voice coil 11 is connected, the incoming and outgoing ends of the first sub-voice coil 121 are both set at its first end, and the incoming and outgoing ends of the second sub-voice coil 122 are both set at its first end, The first end of the first sub-voice coil 121 is connected to the second end of the second sub-voice coil 122, or the second end of the first sub-voice coil 121 is connected to the first end of the second sub-voice coil 122 connection.
  • the conductivity of the wire of the skeleton voice coil 11 is lower than the conductivity of the wire of the driving voice coil 12. Therefore, the BL value can be easily increased, and the weight of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be reduced, so that the overall weight of the voice coil assembly 10 can be reduced.
  • the wire of the skeleton voice coil 11 is a copper-clad aluminum enameled wire or an aluminum enameled wire.
  • the mass percentage of copper in the wire of the skeleton voice coil 11 is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 15%.
  • the wire material of the skeleton voice coil 11 is 15% copper-clad aluminum wire, 12% copper-clad aluminum wire, 10% copper-clad aluminum wire, 8% copper-clad aluminum wire, 5% copper-clad aluminum wire, or pure Aluminum wire.
  • the structural strength of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be ensured, and the skeleton voice coil 11 can have a strong heat dissipation capacity; it can also be ensured that the skeleton voice coil 11 has a certain electrical conductivity, so as to produce effective energy when the skeleton voice coil 11 is energized.
  • Driving force reducing power consumption; it can also facilitate the reduction of the weight of the skeleton voice coil 11, which can facilitate the reduction of the overall weight of the voice coil assembly 10, so as to reduce the burden of the voice coil assembly 10 when it vibrates, thereby facilitating the improvement of/ Ensure the sensitivity of the speaker 100.
  • the radial thickness of the skeleton voice coil 11 is smaller than the radial thickness of the driving voice coil 12. In this way, the weight of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be easily reduced.
  • the inner ring surface of the skeleton voice coil 11 is arranged close to the inner ring surface of the driving voice coil 12; optionally, the inner ring surface of the skeleton voice coil 11 is aligned with the inner ring surface of the driving voice coil 12.
  • the axial length of the skeleton voice coil 11 is smaller than the axial length of the driving voice coil 12. In this way, the weight of the skeleton voice coil 11 can be easily reduced.
  • At least one of the above methods may be used to reduce the weight of the skeleton voice coil 11 to improve the sensitivity of the speaker 100.
  • the diaphragm 20 includes a diaphragm body 21 and a Dome 22 (that is, a dome).
  • the speaker 100 includes a centering support piece 90 that elastically supports the vibration system.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a housing and a speaker, and the speaker is provided in the housing.
  • the specific structure of the loudspeaker refers to the above-mentioned embodiments. Since the electronic device of the present invention adopts all the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. .
  • the speaker is arranged in the housing.
  • the housing is provided with sound holes corresponding to the diaphragm.
  • the electronic device includes, but is not limited to, MP3, MP4, MP5, mobile phone, tablet computer, or hearing aid.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种扬声器和电子设备。该扬声器包括控制单元、振动系统和具有磁间隙的磁路系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和对应磁间隙设置的音圈组件，所述音圈组件包括骨架音圈和驱动音圈，所述骨架音圈的一端连接于振膜，所述驱动音圈连接于骨架音圈的另一端；所述控制单元用于在骨架音圈向靠近磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时，控制骨架音圈通电；所述控制单元还用于在骨架音圈向远离磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时，控制骨架音圈断电。如此，不仅可保证/提高扬声器的声学性能，还可降低扬声器的功耗。

Description

扬声器和电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及声电设备技术领域，特别涉及一种扬声器和电子设备。
背景技术
微型扬声器广泛应用于手机、笔记本电脑、助听器等便携式电子设备。随着这些便携式电子设备的快速发展，人们对应用于其中的微型电声器件的要求也越来越高。其中，音圈组件为微型扬声器的重要部件。
相关技术中，为了使扬声器获得更大的振幅，需要增加振膜(的Dome)到磁间隙之间的距离，这样就需要在音圈组件的驱动音圈与振膜之间增设连接骨架，该连接骨架连接驱动音圈和振膜，以不仅可增大扬声器的最大振幅，还可起到对驱动音圈产生的热量进行散热，以保护振膜或定心支片。
但是，以上方案中，由于在驱动音圈和振膜之间增设了连接骨架，会增大音圈组件的重量，从而会影响扬声器的灵敏度。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提出一种扬声器，旨在解决相关技术中，连接骨架会影响扬声器的灵敏度的技术问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出一种扬声器，包括：
磁路系统，所述磁路系统具有磁间隙；
振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和对应所述磁间隙设置的音圈组件，所述音圈组件包括骨架音圈和驱动音圈，所述骨架音圈的一端连接于所述振膜，所述驱动音圈连接于所述骨架音圈的另一端；以及
控制单元，所述控制单元用于在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时，控制所述骨架音圈通电；所述控制单元还用于在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时，控制所述骨架音圈断电。
可选地，所述控制单元包括与所述骨架音圈串联的控制开关，所述控制开关具有在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时的导通状态、及在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时的断开状态。
可选地，所述第一位置与所述第二位置为同一位置。
可选地，所述控制单元还包括检测单元，所述检测单元用于检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置。
可选地，所述检测单元包括位置传感器，所述位置传感器用于定点检测或实时检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置；或者，
所述检测单元包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测所述驱动音圈的电压参数或电流参数以检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置。
可选地，所述骨架音圈与所述驱动音圈并联。
可选地，所述骨架音圈与所述驱动音圈串联；
所述扬声器还包括并联于所述骨架音圈和所述控制开关的旁通电路，所述旁通电路上设有旁通开关，所述旁通开关具有在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至所述第一位置时的断开状态、及在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至所述第二位置时的导通状态。
可选地，所述驱动音圈包括依次连接的多个子音圈。
可选地，至少其中两个所述子音圈串联，所述控制单元的检测单元包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测其中两个所述子音圈串联处的电势差。
可选地，所述骨架音圈的线材的导电率小于所述驱动音圈的线材的导电率；和/或，
所述骨架音圈的径向厚度小于所述驱动音圈的径向厚度；和/或，
所述骨架音圈的轴向长度小于所述驱动音圈的轴向长度。
可选地，所述骨架音圈采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述驱动音圈采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述骨架音圈与所述驱动音圈通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆相连接。
可选地，所述骨架音圈的线材为铜包铝漆包线或者铝漆包线。
本发明还提出一种电子设备，包括壳体和扬声器，所述扬声器设于所述 壳体。所述扬声器包括：
磁路系统，所述磁路系统具有磁间隙；
振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和对应所述磁间隙设置的音圈组件，所述音圈组件包括骨架音圈和驱动音圈，所述骨架音圈的一端连接于所述振膜，所述驱动音圈连接于所述骨架音圈的另一端；以及
控制单元，所述控制单元用于在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时，控制所述骨架音圈通电；所述控制单元还用于在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时，控制所述骨架音圈断电。
本发明扬声器，在扬声器的工作时，可使所述骨架音圈在向靠近磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时通电，以使通电后的骨架音圈产生(额外的)驱动力，以驱动音圈组件和振膜振动，以提高扬声器的灵敏度，从而提高扬声器的声学性能。并可使所述驱动音圈在向远离磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时断电，以降低功耗。
如此，可使得驱动音圈在进入磁感线较密集区域后通电，在进入磁感线较稀疏区域后断电，从而根据扬声器的磁场分布来对骨架音圈的通电状态进行控制，可减少骨架音圈的无效通电时间，从而不仅可提高扬声器的灵敏度，以提高扬声器的声学性能，还可降低扬声器的功耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明扬声器一实施例的爆炸结构示意图；
图2为图1中音圈组件的结构示意图；
图3为本发明扬声器中，音圈组件在磁间隙内一状态的结构示意图；其中，骨架音圈处于磁感线分布较稀疏区域；
图4为图3中音圈组件在磁间隙内另一状态的结构示意图；其中，骨架音圈处于磁感线分布较密集区域。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 扬声器 40 盆架
10 音圈组件 50 导磁轭
11 骨架音圈 60 中心磁路
12 驱动音圈 61 中心磁铁
121 第一子音圈 62 中心导磁板
122 第二子音圈 70 边磁路
20 振膜 71 边磁铁
21 膜本体 72 边导磁板
22 Dome 90 定心支片
30 磁间隙    
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，若本发明实施例中有涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。
另外，全文中出现的“和/或”的含义为，包括三个并列的方案，以“A和/或B”为例，包括A方案，或B方案，或A和B同时满足的方案。
本发明提出一种扬声器。
可选地，所述扬声器用于电子设备，如手机、MP3、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、助听器等便携式电子设备。
在本发明一实施例中，该扬声器100包括磁路系统和振动系统。具体的，如图1所示，所述扬声器100通常还包括盆架40，所述磁路系统和振动系统均安装在该盆架40上。
其中，如图3和4所示，所述磁路系统具有磁间隙30。在具体实施例中，所述磁路系统的结构形式多种多样，以下仅举例进行说明，但其并不用于限缩本发明。
具体的，如图1、3和4所示，在磁路系统的一实施例中，所述磁路系统包括安装于盆架40的导磁轭50、以及安装在导磁轭50上的中心磁路60和边磁路70。所述中心磁路60包括安装在导磁轭50上的中心磁铁61、及设置于中心磁铁61上的中心导磁板62；所述边磁路70包括安装在导磁轭50上的边磁铁71及设于边磁铁71上的边导磁板72；所述边磁铁71和边磁板分布在中心磁铁61的周侧，中心导磁板62与边导磁板72之间形成磁间隙30。
当然，在其他实施例中，所述磁路系统也可设置为其他结构形式，比如在磁路系统的另一实施例中，所述磁路系统包括安装于盆架40的T铁和安装在T铁的基座上的边磁路70，该边磁路70包括边磁铁71及设于边磁铁71上的边导磁板72，所述T铁的立柱上端与边磁路70的边导磁板72之间形成磁间隙30。又比如，在磁路系统的又一实施例中，所述磁路系统包括安装于盆架40的U铁和安装在U铁的底板上的中心磁路60，该中心磁路60包括中心磁铁61及设于边磁铁71上的中心导磁板62，所述U铁的侧壁上端与中心磁路60的中心导磁板62之间形成磁间隙30；等等。
其中，所述振动系统包括振膜20和对应磁间隙30设置的音圈组件10。具体的，所述振膜20安装于盆架40，所述音圈组件10的一端连接于振膜20，另一端伸入磁间隙30内。磁间隙30内产生有磁场，在扬声器100的工作过程中，音圈组件10通电，通电的音圈组件10在该磁场中受力而产生振动，振动的音圈组件10会带动振膜20一起振动，从而使振膜20策动空气发声。
在本实施例中，如图1和2所示，所述骨架音圈11和驱动音圈12，所述骨架音圈11的一端连接于振膜20，所述驱动音圈12连接于骨架音圈11的另 一端，所述驱动音圈12的远离骨架音圈11的一端伸入磁间隙30内。
具体的，所述驱动音圈12用于与外部电路连接，在扬声器100的工作时，驱动音圈12通电，通电的驱动音圈12在磁间隙30内的磁场中受力而产生振动，以带动振膜20一起振动，从而使振膜20策动空气发声。
具体的，如图1所示，所述骨架音圈11连接驱动音圈12和振膜20，可增加音圈组件10的轴向(即音圈组件10的中心线的延伸方向)长度，从而不仅可增大扬声器100的最大振幅，还可以便于提高音圈组件10与振膜20(的Dome22)之间的刚性连接。
进一步地，如图2-4所示，所述骨架音圈11还用于与外部电路连接，所述扬声器100还包括控制单元(图未示)，所述控制单元用于在所述骨架音圈11向靠近所述磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置时，控制所述骨架音圈11通电(即控制该骨架音圈11与外部电路处于导通状态)；所述控制单元还用于在所述骨架音圈11向远离所述磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置时，控制所述骨架音圈11断电(即控制该骨架音圈11与外部电路处于断开状态)。
可以理解，在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上，磁感应线的密度逐渐增大，磁场强度逐渐增大；在向远离磁间隙30的方向上，磁感应线的密度逐渐减小，磁场强度逐渐减小。
通过对第一位置和第二位置的位置进行设计，如图4所示，可使：所述骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置后进入磁感线分布较密集区域，该区域内，磁感应线分布较密集、磁场强度较大，所述骨架音圈11通电后可产生较大的驱动力，从而可提高扬声器100的灵敏度。
如图3所示，也可使：所述骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置后进入磁感线分布较稀疏区域，该区域内，磁感应线分布较稀疏、磁场强度较小，若继续使所述骨架音圈11通电，只会徒增功耗，却无法产生有效的驱动力，如此，使所述骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置后断电可降低功耗；此时需要指出的是，驱动音圈12可产生足够的驱动力，以保证扬声器100的灵敏度。
本发明扬声器100，在扬声器100的工作时，可使所述骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置时通电，以使通电后的骨架音圈11产生(额外的)驱动力，以驱动音圈组件10和振膜20振动，以提高扬声器 100的灵敏度，从而提高扬声器100的声学性能。并可使所述骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置时断电，以降低功耗。
如此，可使得驱动音圈12在进入磁感线较密集区域后通电，在进入磁感线较稀疏区域后断电，从而根据扬声器100的磁场分布来对骨架音圈11的通电状态进行控制，可减少骨架音圈11的无效通电时间，从而不仅可提高扬声器100的灵敏度，以提高扬声器100的声学性能，还可降低扬声器100的功耗。
在具体实施例中，可以根据磁感线的分布情况、骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12的轴向长度比例、以及音圈组件10在平衡状态下在磁间隙30内的位置等因素来设计第一位置和第二位置的位置，可提高音圈组件10的振动稳定性和对称性，从而可提高扬声器100的整体声学性能。
当然，为了降低设计难度，以降低研发和生产成本，也可使所述第一位置与第二位置为同一位置。
在本实施例中，所述第一位置与第二位置为同一位置。具体的，该位置设置在磁间隙30的靠近振膜20的一侧(即图2和3示状态下的上侧)，比如该位置可设于边导磁板72或中心导磁板62板的朝向振膜20的表面(即图2和3示状态下的上表面)，又比如也可使该位置设于距离导磁板或中心导磁板62板的上表面的预设距离处。如此，均可实现骨架音圈11在进入磁感线较密集区域后通电，在进入磁感线较稀疏区域后断电。
进一步地，所述控制单元包括与骨架音圈11串联的控制开关，所述控制开关具有在骨架音圈11向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置时的导通状态、及在所述骨架音圈11向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置时的断开状态。可选地，所述控制开关可设于骨架音圈11的引线上，也可设置在外部电路中。
具体的，当骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动，并运动至第一位置时，控制单元控制控制开关切换至导通状态，以使骨架音圈11通电；当骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动，并运动至第二位置时，控制单元控制控制开关切换至断开状态，以使骨架音圈11断电。
如此，通过控制控制开关的导通或断开状态可实现骨架音圈11通电或断电。
具体的，所述控制开关可设置在扬声器100的内部空间内，也可设置在扬声器100的表面，甚至可以设置在电子设备的控制电路板板上。
需要说明的是，本发明对控制开关的开关形式不作限定，其既可以是物理(如继电器、或微动开关等)上的，也可以是电路设计(如集成电路等)上的，等等。
进一步地，所述控制单元还包括检测单元，所述检测单元用于检测骨架音圈11的运动位置。如此，所述控制单元可根据检测单元检测到的骨架音圈11的位置来控制控制开关的通断，以控制骨架音圈11的通电状态。
在检测单元的一实施例中，所述检测单元包括位置传感器，所述位置传感器用于定点检测或实时检测骨架音圈11的运动位置。
具体来说，在使用位置传感器定点检测所述骨架音圈11的运动位置的方案中，所述位置传感器可选用红外线传感器等，该位置传感器的发射部设置在中心导磁板62或边磁板等上，其接收部对应设置音圈组件10或振膜20上，当骨架音圈11运动到第一位置或第二位置时，传感器的发射部发出的信号被接收部接收以检测出骨架音圈11运动到第一位置或第二位置。需要指出的是，当第一位置与第二位置为同一位置时，所述位置传感器可设置一个，当骨架音圈11第一次运动到该位置时，表示骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置；那么，当骨架音圈11第二、四等偶数次运动到该位置时，表示骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置；当骨架音圈11第三、五等奇数次运动到该位置时，表示骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置。当第一位置与第二位置为不同位置时，所述位置传感器可设置两个，其中一位置传感器用于检测骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置(如当该位置传感器的接收部第奇数次接收到发射部发出的信号时，表示骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至第一位置，当该位置传感器的接收部第偶数次接收到发射部发出的信号时忽略)，另一位置传感器用于检测骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置。
在使用位置传感器实时检测所述骨架音圈11的运动位置的方案中，位置传感器可选用激光传感器等，可将位置传感器设置在导磁轭50上并对应驱动音圈12下端设置，以实时监测音圈组件10和骨架音圈11的运动位置；也可 将传感器设置在盆架40或边导磁板72或中心导磁板62上，以实时监测振膜20的运动位置，以检测出骨架音圈11的运动位置。
在检测单元的另一实施例中，所述检测单元包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测所述驱动音圈12的电压参数或电流参数以检测骨架音圈11的运动位置。如此，通过设置检测电路以检测驱动音圈12的电压或电流变化可实时反映(即计算)出音圈组件10的运动位置。
在具体实施例中，可使所述骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12并联。如此，可实现分别对骨架音圈11与所述驱动音圈12进行控制，以避免骨架音圈11的通电状态的变化对驱动音圈12造成影响。
也可使所述骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12串联，此时，为了避免骨架音圈11的通电状态的变化对驱动音圈12造成影响，可采用以下方案：所述扬声器100还包括并联于骨架音圈11和控制开关的旁通电路，所述旁通电路上设有旁通开关，所述旁通开关具有在骨架音圈11向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动至所述第一位置时的断开状态、及在所述骨架音圈11向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动至第二位置时的导通状态。具体的，当骨架音圈11在向靠近磁间隙30的方向上运动，并运动至第一位置时，控制单元控制控制开关切换至导通状态、并控制旁通开关切换至断开状态，以使骨架音圈11通电、并避免对音圈组件10的工作造成影响；当骨架音圈11在向远离磁间隙30的方向上运动，并运动至第二位置时，控制单元控制控制开关切换至断开状态、并控制旁通开关切换至导通状态，以使骨架音圈11断电、并避免对音圈组件10的工作造成影响。
当然，当驱动音圈12包括多个子音圈时，也可根据多个子音圈的连接方式，以进一步地设计骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12的连接方式，下文将举例说明。
在本实施例中，如图1和2所示，所述驱动音圈12包括依次连接的多个(即大于或等于两个)子音圈。具体的，多个子音圈均具有同向的第一端和第二端，对于相邻的两个子音圈，其中一个子音圈的第一端与另一个子音圈的第二端连接。当然，也可以将驱动音圈12设置为一个一体的音圈。
在具体实施例中，多个子音圈既可以相互串联设置，也可以相互并联设置，其均可以提高扬声器100的声学性能；以下分别进行说明。
在部分实施例中，多个子音圈依次串联。如此，在音圈组件10工作的过程中，根据相邻的两个子音圈串联处的电动势差异可对音圈组件10在磁间隙30的位置进行建模，从而可实时计算出音圈组件10的运动位置，从而可对扬声器100的振动系统进行实时优化，以提升扬声器100的声学性能。
具体来说，在多个子音圈依次串联时，相邻的两个子音圈由于在磁间隙30的磁场中的位置不同，因此穿过相邻的两个子音圈的磁感应强度也不同，从而相邻的两个子音圈产生的感应电动势也不同，通过检测其中相邻的两个子音圈连接处的电压差，可实时计算得出相邻的两个子音圈在磁场中的相对位置，即可检测出音圈组件10在磁场中的振动位置。
若音圈组件10在振动过程中偏离预设位置，则相邻的两个子音圈的位置均会发生变化，此时相邻的两个子音圈产生的感应电动势会发生变化，即相邻的两个子音圈连接处的电压差发生变化，通过检测到电压差的变化可计算出音圈组件10的整体偏移，从而可通过外部输入补偿电流的方式使音圈组件10重新回到预设位置，从而可实现对音圈组件10位置的矫正，以提高音圈组件10在磁场中的振动稳定性和对称性，从而有效提高扬声器100的整体声学性能。
所以基于此，当采用检测电路的方式来检测骨架音圈11的运动位置时，可使：至少其中两个所述子音圈串联，所述检测电路用于检测其中两个子音圈串联处的电势差，以实时计算得出相邻的两个子音圈在磁场中的相对位置，即可检测出音圈组件10和骨架音圈11在磁场中的振动位置。
在部分实施例中，多个子音圈相互并联。如此，在相同阻值的前提下，可使得音圈厚度更薄，磁间隙30可以更窄，具有更高的BL值，进而提高振动系统的灵敏度，提高扬声器100的声学性能。在该部分实施例中，除了骨架音圈11与多个子音圈整体并联或串联之外，还可以使骨架音圈11与其中任意一个子音圈串联，此时也需要在骨架音圈11与控制开关外设置旁通电路。
进一步地，所述骨架音圈11采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述驱动音圈12采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12通过自粘性 漆包线的自粘性漆相连接。其中，自粘性漆包线为一种特种漆包线，其经加热后具有粘性，且其粘性较好。具体的，在绕制音圈组件10时，可使骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12紧邻绕制形成并通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆连接在一起。
可选地，在绕制音圈组件10时，可使用热风吹拂自粘性漆包线，使其具有粘性，从而在绕制时，相邻绕制的漆包线会粘接在一起。
如此，通过将骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆相连接，骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12之间的粘接力较高，从而可提高骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12的连接强度；而且，还可提高耐温性能。此外，还可避免在骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12之间涂覆粘接胶层，从而可避免该粘接胶层对扬声器100的灵敏度造成影响，即有利于提高扬声器100的灵敏度。
在本实施例中，所述驱动音圈12包括依次连接的多个(即大于或等于两个)子音圈，多个子音圈均采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，骨架音圈11与其中一子音圈通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆相连接，相邻的两个子音圈通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆相连接，以保证/提高相邻的两个子音圈的连接强度、提高耐温性能，并有利于提高扬声器100的灵敏度。
进一步地，所述骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12在同一绕线工装上绕制形成。具体的，所述骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12在同一绕线工装上顺序且紧邻绕制形成。如此，通过将骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12在同一绕线工装上绕制形成，不仅可以提高骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12的同心度，还可以使得骨架音圈11与驱动音圈12的结合处绕线排列紧密，从而可提高扬声器100的声学性能。
在本实施例中，所述驱动音圈12包括依次连接的多个(即大于或等于两个)子音圈，所述骨架音圈11与多个子音圈在同一绕线工装上绕制形成。具体的，所述骨架音圈11与多个子音圈在同一绕线工装上顺序且紧邻绕制形成。如此，可提高音圈组件10的各线圈的同心度和高度一致性，可提高扬声器100的声学性能。
可以理解的是，当绕制线圈(即骨架音圈11、或各子音圈)时，应首先绕制最内层绕线，且最内层绕线具有一入线端；绕制结束后，最外层的绕线具有一出线端。
在本实施例中，如图1和2所示，可选地，所述子音圈的数量设置为两 个，并分别为第一子音圈121和第二子音圈122，第一子音圈121与骨架音圈11连接，所述第一子音圈121的入线端和出线端均设于其第一端，所述第二子音圈122的入线端和出线端均设于其第一端，所述第一子音圈121的第一端与所述第二子音圈122的第二端连接，或者，所述第一子音圈121的第二端与所述第二子音圈122的第一端连接。
进一步地，所述骨架音圈11的线材的导电率小于驱动音圈12的线材的导电率。从而可便于提高BL值，还有利于减小骨架音圈11的重量，以实现减小音圈组件10的总体重量。
具体的，所述骨架音圈11的线材为铜包铝漆包线或者铝漆包线。其中，所述骨架音圈11的线材中铜的质量百分比大于或等于0，且小于或等于15％。可选地，所述骨架音圈11的线材为15％铜包铝线、12％铜包铝线、10％铜包铝线、8％铜包铝线、5％铜包铝线、或纯铝线。
如此，既可以保证骨架音圈11的结构强度，且使骨架音圈11具有较强的散热能力；又可以保证骨架音圈11具有一定的导电率，以在骨架音圈11通电时产生有效的驱动力，降低功耗；还可以便于减小骨架音圈11的重量，从而可便于减小音圈组件10的总体重量，以减小音圈组件10在振动时的负担，进而可便于提高/保证扬声器100的灵敏性。
进一步地，如图1-4所示，所述骨架音圈11的径向厚度小于所述驱动音圈12的径向厚度。如此，可便于减小骨架音圈11的重量。具体的，所述骨架音圈11的内环面靠近驱动音圈12的内环面设置；可选地，所述骨架音圈11的内环面与驱动音圈12的内环面对齐。
可选地，所述骨架音圈11的轴向长度小于所述驱动音圈12的轴向长度。如此，可便于减小骨架音圈11的重量。
在此需要说明的是，在具体实施例中，至少可采用以上方式中的至少一种来减小骨架音圈11的重量，以提高扬声器100的灵敏性。
具体的，如图1所示，所述振膜20包括膜本体21和Dome22(即球顶)。
进一步地，如图1所示，所述扬声器100包括对振动系统进行弹性支撑的定心支片90。
本发明还提出一种电子设备，该电子设备包括壳体和扬声器，所述扬声器设于所述壳体。该扬声器的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本发明电子设备采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
其中，所述扬声器设于所述壳体内。具体的，所述壳体上开设有对应振膜设置的声孔。
所述电子设备包括但不限于MP3、MP4、MP5、手机、平板电脑、或助听器等。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

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  1. 一种扬声器，其特征在于，包括：
    磁路系统，所述磁路系统具有磁间隙；
    振动系统，所述振动系统包括振膜和对应所述磁间隙设置的音圈组件，所述音圈组件包括骨架音圈和驱动音圈，所述骨架音圈的一端连接于所述振膜，所述驱动音圈连接于所述骨架音圈的另一端；以及
    控制单元，所述控制单元用于在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时，控制所述骨架音圈通电；所述控制单元还用于在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时，控制所述骨架音圈断电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述控制单元包括与所述骨架音圈串联的控制开关，所述控制开关具有在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第一位置时的导通状态、及在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至第二位置时的断开状态。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一位置与所述第二位置为同一位置。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述控制单元还包括检测单元，所述检测单元用于检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述检测单元包括位置传感器，所述位置传感器用于定点检测或实时检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置；或者，
    所述检测单元包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测所述驱动音圈的电压参数或电流参数以检测所述骨架音圈的运动位置。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨架音 圈与所述驱动音圈并联。
  7. 如权利要求2至5中任意一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨架音圈与所述驱动音圈串联；
    所述扬声器还包括并联于所述骨架音圈和所述控制开关的旁通电路，所述旁通电路上设有旁通开关，所述旁通开关具有在所述骨架音圈向靠近所述磁间隙的方向上运动至所述第一位置时的断开状态、及在所述骨架音圈向远离所述磁间隙的方向上运动至所述第二位置时的导通状态。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述驱动音圈包括依次连接的多个子音圈。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的扬声器，其特征在于，至少其中两个所述子音圈串联，所述控制单元的检测单元包括检测电路，所述检测电路用于检测其中两个所述子音圈串联处的电势差。
  10. 如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨架音圈的线材的导电率小于所述驱动音圈的线材的导电率；和/或，
    所述骨架音圈的径向厚度小于所述驱动音圈的径向厚度；和/或，
    所述骨架音圈的轴向长度小于所述驱动音圈的轴向长度。
  11. 如权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨架音圈采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述驱动音圈采用自粘性漆包线绕制形成，所述骨架音圈与所述驱动音圈通过自粘性漆包线的自粘性漆相连接。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨架音圈的线材为铜包铝漆包线或者铝漆包线。
  13. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括壳体和如权利要求1至12中任意一项所述的扬声器，所述扬声器设于所述壳体。
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