WO2021103167A1 - 一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法 - Google Patents

一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法 Download PDF

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WO2021103167A1
WO2021103167A1 PCT/CN2019/125019 CN2019125019W WO2021103167A1 WO 2021103167 A1 WO2021103167 A1 WO 2021103167A1 CN 2019125019 W CN2019125019 W CN 2019125019W WO 2021103167 A1 WO2021103167 A1 WO 2021103167A1
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spinning
coagulation bath
plate
cavity
acceleration
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PCT/CN2019/125019
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English (en)
French (fr)
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庹新林
赵海林
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中芳特纤股份有限公司
清华大学
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Publication of WO2021103167A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021103167A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
    • D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of spinning equipment and processes, in particular to a coagulation bath device for dry-jet wet spinning of para-aramid and a spinning method thereof, which is convenient for realizing high-speed spinning of para-aramid.
  • Para-aramid fiber is a new type of high-tech synthetic fiber with super high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light weight, insulation, aging resistance, long life cycle and other excellent properties. It is widely used in composite materials. , Bulletproof products, building materials, special protective clothing, electronic equipment and other fields.
  • Para-aramid resins are mostly spun by dry jet wet spinning. After the spinning slurry is ejected from the spinning device, it directly enters the air layer and stretches to form a nascent fiber with a certain strength.
  • the strength of the nascent fiber is related to the height of the air layer; the nascent fiber with a certain strength can enter at a higher speed
  • the coagulation bath is further spinning.
  • the main function of the coagulation bath is to align and fix the liquid crystal structure of the para-aramid fiber to obtain a fiber with excellent performance.
  • the degree of orientation fixation of the internal structure of the fiber is related to the speed difference between the flow rate of the coagulation bath and the spinning speed.
  • the spinning speed changes, the simultaneous change of the coagulation bath flow rate can ensure that the speed difference between the two remains unchanged. Therefore, in para-aramid spinning, parameters such as the height of the air layer, the speed difference between the coagulation bath flow rate and the spinning speed need to be adjusted according to the different performance requirements of the fiber. Increasing the spinning speed can increase the production efficiency, which is one of the driving forces for continuous improvement of the spinning process.
  • the invention provides a coagulation bath device for dry-jet wet spinning of para-aramid fiber and a spinning method thereof.
  • the height of the coagulation bath in the device is easy to change to adjust the height of the air layer; the acceleration device and its position are adjustable for convenient adjustment
  • the coagulation bath flow rate is used to balance the speed difference between the coagulation bath flow rate and the spinning speed; and a high-speed spinning method is provided.
  • the specific technical solution is a dry-jet wet spinning coagulation bath device, including: a coagulation bath tray and an acceleration device, wherein the acceleration device can be fixed under the coagulation bath tray and move up and down synchronously with the coagulation bath tray; After the position of the bath tray is determined, the acceleration device can adjust the upper and lower positions separately.
  • the coagulation bath is equipped with a spinning tube for spinning, the acceleration device is sleeved on the spinning tube, and the triangular gasket is installed between the acceleration device and the spinning tube; the function of the triangular gasket is to seal the acceleration device and the spinning tube.
  • the added liquid enters from the second liquid inlet pipe located below, which is generally a high-pressure fluid, which generates an upward force to push the triangular washer upward to achieve the seal between the acceleration device and the spinning tube.
  • the plate frame of the coagulation bath plate has wire holes and guide grooves.
  • the screw rod and the wire hole are connected by threads. Rotating the screw rod can realize the synchronous up and down movement of the coagulation bath plate and the acceleration device, which is to change the gap between the coagulation bath and the spinneret.
  • Air layer height If the air layer height is too small, it will reduce the strength of the nascent fiber, and it is easy to produce broken filaments and wool in the subsequent spinning; while the air layer height will increase the strength of the nascent fiber and increase the difficulty of subsequent spinning. Cause the fiber to be too thick.
  • the acceleration device is fastened and installed at the guide groove by bolts, washers and nuts; the adjustment range of the acceleration device on the plate frame of the coagulation bath plate is limited by the guide groove; the relative position between the acceleration device and the coagulation bath plate is changed Position, that is, change the starting point of acceleration in fiber spinning, and spin according to different performance needs.
  • the coagulation bath and the acceleration device are respectively provided with a first liquid inlet pipe and a second liquid inlet pipe.
  • the coagulation bath liquid can enter the spinning equipment from the first liquid inlet pipe and the second liquid inlet pipe to participate in spinning.
  • the first cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and a ring of inwardly protruding support plates is provided at the lower part of the first cavity, which is sleeved on the spinning tube through a central through hole
  • the upper damping disk is located above the supporting plate; a plurality of small through holes are arranged on the periphery of the central through hole of the damping disk.
  • the diameter of the damping disk is not greater than the inner diameter of the first cavity.
  • the damping disk When the first inlet pipe starts to fill water, the water pressure is greater than the gravity of the damping disk, and the damping disk will start to float to balance the pressure of the water; the water flows from the damping disk The small through-holes flow upwards for evenly dispersed flow, so that the coagulation bath inside the first cavity is in a stable flow state without vortex; when the water pressure is less than the gravity of the damping disk, the damping disk will fall on the support plate ,
  • the support plate is a ring-shaped clamping platform located inside the first cavity.
  • an overflow disc with a spinning tube is arranged in the first cavity; above the overflow disc, there are a vertical wall with a plurality of liquid inlet holes, a concave ring and a convex ring, and the concave ring and the convex ring are non-porous.
  • the bottom surface of the ring is flat, and the vertical wall is transitionally connected between the concave ring and the convex ring and the spinning tube.
  • the inside and outside of the overflow plate are all rounded transition connections, the purpose is to promote the stable flow of the coagulation liquid, avoid the generation of vortex; in the coagulation bath, usually water, the water first flows into the concave ring from the liquid inlet on the vertical wall, and then from The concave ring flows over the convex ring and flows into the spinning tube.
  • the nascent fiber is oriented in the spinning tube with the direction of the water flow, and the water flow can also take away the solvent in the spinning slurry on the nascent fiber.
  • the second cavity is a cylindrical cavity, and a flaring similar to the shape of a triangular washer is arranged above the second cavity, and an acceleration pipe is arranged at the bottom of the second cavity.
  • the diameter of is greater than the diameter of the spinning tube, forming an intermediate flow channel between the acceleration pipe and the spinning tube for the acceleration liquid to be incorporated; when the coagulation bath flow rate cannot meet the spinning requirements, the acceleration device is activated, and the second liquid inlet pipe
  • the water flow will change from horizontal flow to vertical downward flow at the accelerating pipe, and then parallel to the coagulation bath in the spinning tube.
  • the replenishing pressure at the accelerating device the flow velocity after co-current flow is greater than spinning
  • the original coagulation bath flow rate in the tube further strengthens the fixed degree of orientation of the fibers.
  • Mounting holes are provided on the side plate of the acceleration device.
  • a cover plate with a wire hole in the middle is added above the coagulation bath plate.
  • the filament sprayed from the spinneret enters the coagulation bath device through the thread hole, and the cover plate reduces the entry of impurities into the coagulation bath tray, so as to avoid the interference of impurities on the spinning.
  • a dry-jet wet spinning spinning method uses the coagulation bath device of the present invention in terms of the balance of the height of the air layer, the velocity of the coagulation bath, and the speed difference between the spinning speed; the method includes the following steps:
  • the coagulation bath device is placed under the spinning position, and the silk hole is located directly under the spinneret.
  • the spinning speed is 200-600m/min.
  • the spinning slurry with an inherent viscosity of 5-8 is ejected from the spinning position and enters the coagulation bath through the air layer for spinning.
  • an accelerating device which is convenient to adjust the coagulation bath flow rate to balance the speed difference between the coagulation bath flow rate and the spinning speed, which can adapt to the requirements of higher speed spinning; when the accelerated water flow is merged into the spinning tube, its flow direction It is vertical downwards, the same as the flow direction of the coagulation bath in the spinning tube, and will not produce lateral force on the fiber tow, which is conducive to fiber orientation;
  • the position of the coagulation bath can be adjusted to adjust the height of the air layer to ensure that the nascent fiber has a certain strength and can adapt to the higher spinning speed.
  • the experiment found that the height of the air layer is 12mm and the spinning speed is 400m/min. No broken filaments during the process and excellent fiber mechanical properties;
  • the accelerating device can move within the guide groove, changing the relative position between the accelerating device and the coagulation bath, that is, changing the starting point of acceleration in fiber spinning, and spinning according to different performance needs;
  • the device is suitable for high-speed spinning of para-aramid fiber, and can adapt to the spinning speed of 200-600m/min; under the condition of setting the spinning speed, the spinning process parameters need to be designed.
  • the device has a simple structure and The position adjustment is convenient, and it is convenient to adjust the height of the air layer, the distance between the acceleration device and the coagulation bath.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a dry jet wet spinning coagulation bath device
  • Figure 2 is a front view of a dry jet wet spinning coagulation bath device
  • Figure 3 is a left view of a dry jet wet spinning coagulation bath device
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3 without the cross-sectional line A-A;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 3 with a section line A-A;
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of a dry jet wet spinning coagulation bath device.
  • a dry jet wet spinning coagulation bath device comprising: a coagulation bath plate 1 and an acceleration device 2, wherein the acceleration device 2 can be fixed below the coagulation bath plate 1 and move up and down synchronously with the coagulation bath plate 1; and After the position of the coagulation bath 1 is determined, the acceleration device 2 can adjust the upper and lower positions separately.
  • a cover plate 8 with a wire hole 9 in the middle is covered above the coagulation bath plate 1.
  • the coagulation bath 1 and the acceleration device 2 are respectively provided with a first liquid inlet pipe 111 and a second liquid inlet pipe 203.
  • a first cavity 101 in the coagulation bath plate 1 there is a first cavity 101 in the coagulation bath plate 1, and a ring of inwardly protruding support plates 108 is provided at the lower part of the first cavity 101, and the damper plate on the spinning tube 107 is sleeved through the central through hole 110 109 is located above the supporting plate 108; a plurality of small through holes 115 are provided on the periphery of the central through hole 110 of the damping disk 109.
  • the diameter of the damping disk 109 is not greater than the inner diameter of the first cavity 101.
  • An overflow plate 102 with a spinning tube 107 is arranged in the first cavity 101; above the overflow plate 102 there are a vertical wall 103 with a plurality of liquid inlets 104, a concave ring 105 and a convex ring 106.
  • the vertical wall 103 is formed by a concave ring 105 and the convex ring 106 are transitionally connected with the spinning tube 107.
  • the inside and outside of the overflow plate 102 are all rounded transition connections.
  • the coagulation bath 1 is provided with a spinning tube 107 for spinning, the accelerating device 2 is sleeved on the spinning tube 107, and the triangular washer 7 is installed between the accelerating device 2 and the spinning tube 107.
  • the plate frame 112 of the coagulation bath 1 has a wire hole 113 and a guide groove 114, and the screw rod 3 is threadedly connected with the wire hole 113.
  • the acceleration device 2 is fastened to the guide groove 114 by bolts 4, washers 6 and nuts 5.
  • the speed device 2 has a second cavity 201, above the second cavity 201 there is a flaring 202 similar in shape to the triangular washer 7, and an accelerating pipe 204 is provided at the bottom of the second cavity 201.
  • the accelerating pipe 204 The diameter of is larger than the diameter of the spinning tube 107, and an intermediate flow channel 205 for the acceleration liquid to be incorporated is formed between the acceleration pipe 204 and the spinning tube 107; a mounting hole 206 is provided on the side plate of the acceleration device 2.
  • the spinning method of dry jet wet spinning of para-aramid fiber The inherent viscosity of para-aramid fiber is 6.8. It is dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare a spinning slurry with a concentration of 20% by weight. The spinning speed is required to be 400m. /min, the tensile strength of the final fiber is not less than 2.6GPa, and the tensile modulus is not less than 75GPa.
  • the process parameters are determined: the diameter of the spinneret is 0.08mm, the length of the spinning tube is 8mm, the spinning speed is 80m/min, the spinning temperature is set to 80°C, the coagulation bath temperature is set to 10°C, the coagulation bath is water,
  • the coagulation bath inlet volume at the first inlet pipe 111 of the coagulation bath tray 1 is 320 L/h, and the coagulation bath inlet volume at the second inlet pipe 203 of the acceleration device 2 is 400 L/h.
  • the coagulation bath device of the present invention is convenient to adjust the height of the air layer and increase the flow rate of the coagulation bath in the spinning tube, and the coagulation bath device of the present invention is used for spinning.
  • the first set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 8mm, the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath plate 1 is 13mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 2.7 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 79 GPa.
  • the second set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 12mm, and the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath plate 1 is 10mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 3.0 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 86 GPa.
  • the third set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 15mm, and the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath plate 1 is 8mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 2.8 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 83 GPa.
  • the spinning method of dry jet wet spinning of para-aramid fiber The inherent viscosity of para-aramid fiber is 7, which is dissolved in concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare a spinning slurry with a concentration of 20% by mass.
  • the spinning speed is required to be 600m /min, the tensile strength of the final fiber is not less than 2.8GPa, and the tensile modulus is not less than 80GPa.
  • the process parameters are determined: the diameter of the spinneret is 0.08mm, the length of the spinning tube is 8mm, the spinning speed is 100m/min, the spinning temperature is set to 85°C, the coagulation bath temperature is set to 8°C, the coagulation bath is water,
  • the coagulation bath inlet volume at the first inlet pipe 111 of the coagulation bath tray 1 is 350 L/h, and the coagulation bath inlet volume at the second inlet pipe 203 of the acceleration device 2 is 500 L/h.
  • the coagulation bath device of the present invention is convenient to adjust the height of the air layer and increase the flow rate of the coagulation bath in the spinning tube, and the coagulation bath device of the present invention is used for spinning.
  • the first set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 8mm, and the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath plate 1 is 12mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 2.8 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 81 GPa.
  • the second set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 12mm, and the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath plate 1 is 10mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 3.1 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 86 GPa.
  • the third set of design parameters the height of the air layer is 15mm, and the distance between the acceleration device 2 and the coagulation bath 1 is 8mm; the obtained fiber tensile strength is 2.9 GPa, and the tensile modulus is 82 GPa.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法，涉及纺丝设备及工艺技术领域。本发明中，凝固浴盘(1)内设有用于纺丝的纺丝管(107)，加速装置(2)套接在纺丝管(107)上，三角垫圈(7)安装在加速装置(2)与纺丝管(107)之间；凝固浴盘(1)的板架(112)上有丝孔(113)和导槽(114)，丝杆(3)与丝孔(113)螺纹配合连接；加速装置(2)通过螺栓(4)、垫片(6)和螺母(5)紧固安装在导槽(114)处。与现有技术相比，本发明中凝固浴高度便于改变来调节空气层高度；设置加速装置方便调节凝固浴流速及其位置可调，平衡凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差；该装置结构简单、位置调节方便，能够适应纺丝速度为200-600m/min的纺丝方法。

Description

一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纺丝设备及工艺技术领域，特别涉及一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法，便于实现对位芳纶的高速纺丝。
背景技术
对位芳纶纤维是一种新型高科技合成纤维，具有超高强度、高模量和耐高温、耐酸耐碱、重量轻、绝缘、抗老化、生命周期长等优良性能，广泛应用于复合材料、防弹制品、建材、特种防护服装、电子设备等领域。
对位芳纶树脂多采用干喷湿纺法进行纺丝。纺丝浆液经纺丝装置喷出后，直接进入空气层拉伸形成具有一定强度的初生纤维，初生纤维的强度大小与空气层的高度有关；具有一定强度的初生纤维能够以较高的速度进入凝固浴进一步纺丝，凝固浴主要作用是将对位芳纶纤维的液晶结构进行取向固定以获得性能优异的纤维，纤维内部结构的取向固定程度跟凝固浴流速、纺丝速度间的速度差相关；当纺丝速度出现变化时，凝固浴流速同步变化才能保证二者的速度差不变。因此，对位芳纶纺丝中，需要根据纤维的不同性能要求对空气层高度、凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差等参数进行调整。而提高纺丝速度能够提高生产效率，这是纺丝工艺不断改进的动力之一。
现有的凝固浴装置多为固定式结构，比如公开号为CN1234839A，名称为“制造高强度芳族聚酰胺纤维的方法”的专利申请中，提到了一种凝固浴；而在空气层高度、凝固浴流速等参数的调节上存在困难，限制了高速纺丝工艺的研究。
发明内容
本发明提供一种对位芳纶干喷湿纺的凝固浴装置及其纺丝方法，该装置中凝固浴高度便于改变，用以调节空气层高度；设置加速装置 及其位置可调，方便调节凝固浴流速，进而用以平衡凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差；并提供一种高速纺丝的方法。
具体技术方案是，一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，包括：凝固浴盘和加速装置，其中，加速装置可固定在凝固浴盘的下方并与凝固浴盘同步进行上下移动；而且，当凝固浴盘位置确定后，加速装置可以单独进行上下位置的调节。
凝固浴盘内设有用于纺丝的纺丝管，加速装置套接在纺丝管上，三角垫圈安装在加速装置与纺丝管之间；三角垫圈的作用在于密封加速装置与纺丝管，加入的液体从位于下方的第二进液管进入，一般是高压流体，产生向上的作用力，将三角垫圈向上顶，实现加速装置与纺丝管间的密封。
凝固浴盘的板架上有丝孔和导槽，丝杆与丝孔螺纹配合连接，转动丝杆可实现凝固浴盘及加速装置的同步上下移动，是改变凝固浴与喷丝板之间的空气层高度，空气层高度过小会降低初生纤维的强度，在后续纺丝中容易产生断丝和毛丝；而空气层高度过大会提高初生纤维的强度，加大后续纺丝的难度，可能导致纤维过粗。
加速装置通过螺栓、垫片和螺母紧固安装在导槽处；加速装置在凝固浴盘的板架上单独进行上下位置的调节范围由导槽进行限制；改变加速装置与凝固浴盘间的相对位置，即改变纤维纺丝中加速的开始点，根据不同性能需要进行纺丝。
凝固浴盘和加速装置上分别设置第一进液管和第二进液管。凝固浴液体可分别从第一进液管和第二进液管进入纺丝设备中参与纺丝。
进一步，凝固浴盘中有第一腔体，第一腔体为圆柱状的腔体，第一腔体的下部设置一圈向内凸出的支板，通过中心通孔套接于纺丝管上的阻尼盘位于支板的上方；阻尼盘的中心通孔外围设置多个小通孔。阻尼盘的直径不大于第一腔体的内径，当第一进液管处开始补水时，补水压力大于阻尼盘的重力，阻尼盘将会开始上浮，以平衡水的压力；水从阻尼盘上的小通孔向上流动，进行均匀分散流动，使得第一腔体内部的凝固浴处于稳定流动状态中，不会出现漩涡；当补水压力小于阻尼盘的重力时，阻尼盘会落于支板上，支板是位于第一腔体内部的环状卡台。
进一步，在第一腔体中设置带有纺丝管的溢流盘；溢流盘上方有带多个进液孔的立壁、凹环和凸环，凹环和凸环是无孔的，凹环底面平整，立壁由凹环和凸环与纺丝管间过渡连接。溢流盘内外各处都是圆角过渡连接，目的是促进凝固液体的稳定流动，避免漩涡的产生；凝固浴中，一般是水，水先从立壁上的进液孔流入到凹环，再从凹环漫过凸环流入到纺丝管，初生纤维在纺丝管中，随着水流的方向进行取向，水流还可以带走初生纤维上的纺丝浆液中的溶剂。
进一步，加速装置中有第二腔体，第二腔体为圆柱状的腔体，第二腔体的上方有与三角垫圈形状相似的扩口，在第二腔体底部设置加速管道，加速管道的直径大于纺丝管的直径，在加速管道与纺丝管之间形成供加速液体并入的中间流道；当凝固浴流速不能满足纺丝要求时，启用加速装置，在第二进液管处补水，水流会在加速管道处由横向流动变为竖直向下流动，再与纺丝管中的凝固浴并行，通过控制加速装置处的补水压力，可以实现并流后的流速大于纺丝管中的原来的凝固浴流速，进而加强纤维的取向固定程度。加速装置的侧板上设有安装孔。
进一步，在凝固浴盘上方加盖中间带有过丝孔的盖板。喷丝板喷出的丝由过丝孔进入到凝固浴装置中，盖板减少杂质进入凝固浴盘中，避免杂质对纺丝的干扰。
一种干喷湿纺纺丝方法，在空气层高度、凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差的平衡方面借助于本发明中的凝固浴装置；包括下述步骤：
S1、凝固浴装置安放在纺丝位的下方，过丝孔位于喷丝板的正下方，纺丝速度为200-600m/min，
S2、通过丝杆调节凝固浴盘的位置，保持空气层高度为8-15mm；
S3、确定加速装置的安装位置、凝固浴盘及加速装置的进液速度，保持凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差稳定；
S4、比浓对数粘度为5-8的纺丝浆液由纺丝位喷出，经过空气层进入到凝固浴中进行纺丝。
本发明中的一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，优点在于：
①有加速装置，方便调节凝固浴流速用以平衡凝固浴流速与纺丝 速度的速度差，可以适应更高速度纺丝的要求；用于加速的水流在并入纺丝管处时，其流向是竖直向下，与纺丝管中的凝固浴流向相同，不会对纤维丝束产生横向作用力，利于纤维的取向；
②凝固浴的位置可调，进而调节空气层的高度，保证初生纤维具有一定的强度能够适应较高的纺丝速度，实验发现，空气层高度在12mm，纺丝速度为400m/min，纺丝过程无断丝，纤维力学性能优异；
③加速装置可以在导槽范围内移动，改变加速装置与凝固浴盘间的相对位置，即改变纤维纺丝中加速的开始点，根据不同性能需要进行纺丝；
④该装置可适用于对位芳纶的高速纺丝，能够适应200-600m/min的纺丝速度；在设置纺丝速度的条件下，需要对纺丝工艺参数进行设计，该装置结构简单、位置调节方便，便于调节空气层高度、加速装置与凝固浴盘间距。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。
图1是一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置示意图；
图2是一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置主视图；
图3是一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置左视图；
图4是图3中A-A无剖线的剖面图；
图5是图3中A-A加剖线的剖面图；
图6是一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置的爆炸视图。
附图标记说明：
1、凝固浴盘，2、加速装置，3、丝杆，4、螺栓，5、螺母，6、垫片，7、三角垫圈，8、盖板，9、过丝孔；
101、第一腔体，102、溢流盘，103、立壁，104、进液孔，105、凹环，106、凸环，107、纺丝管，108、支板，109、阻尼盘，110、中心通孔，111、第一进液管，112、板架，113、丝孔，114、导槽，115、小通孔；
201、第二腔体，202、扩口，203、第二进液管，204、加速管道， 205、中间流道，206、安装孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例描述本发明具体实施方式：
需要说明的是，本说明书所附图中示意的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的，改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应落在本发明所揭示的技术内容能涵盖的范围内。
同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
图1，一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，包括：凝固浴盘1和加速装置2，其中，加速装置2可固定在凝固浴盘1的下方并与凝固浴盘1同步进行上下移动；而且，当凝固浴盘1位置确定后，加速装置2可以单独进行上下位置的调节。在凝固浴盘1上方加盖中间带有过丝孔9的盖板8。
图2，凝固浴盘1和加速装置2上分别设置第一进液管111和第二进液管203。
图5，凝固浴盘1中有第一腔体101，第一腔体101的下部设置一圈向内凸出的支板108，通过中心通孔110套接于纺丝管107上的阻尼盘109位于支板108的上方；阻尼盘109的中心通孔110外围设置多个小通孔115。阻尼盘109的直径不大于第一腔体101的内径。在第一腔体101中设置带有纺丝管107的溢流盘102；溢流盘102上方有带多个进液孔104的立壁103、凹环105和凸环106，立壁103由凹环105和凸环106与纺丝管107间过渡连接。溢流盘102内外各处都是圆角过渡连接。
图6，凝固浴盘1内设有用于纺丝的纺丝管107，加速装置2套接在纺丝管107上，三角垫圈7安装在加速装置2与纺丝管107之间。
图3，凝固浴盘1的板架112上有丝孔113和导槽114，丝杆3 与丝孔113螺纹配合连接。加速装置2通过螺栓4、垫片6和螺母5紧固安装在导槽114处。
图4-6，速装置2中有第二腔体201，第二腔体201的上方有与三角垫圈7形状相似的扩口202，在第二腔体201底部设置加速管道204，加速管道204的直径大于纺丝管107的直径，在加速管道204与纺丝管107之间形成供加速液体并入的中间流道205；加速装置2的侧板上设有安装孔206。
实施例1:
对位芳纶纤维干喷湿纺的纺丝方法，对位芳纶的比浓对数粘度为6.8，溶解于浓硫酸中制备浓度为20％质量比的纺丝浆液，要求纺丝速度为400m/min左右，最终纤维的拉伸强度不低于2.6GPa，拉伸模量不低于75GPa。
需要对纺丝工艺中的其他参数进行调整匹配，以达到纺丝要求。
工艺参数的确定：喷丝板孔径为0.08mm，纺丝管长度为8mm，喷丝速度为80m/min，纺丝温度设为80℃，凝固浴温度设为10℃，凝固浴是水，在凝固浴盘1的第一进液管111处凝固浴进液量是320L/h，加速装置2的第二进液管203处凝固浴进液量是400L/h。
本发明中的凝固浴装置便于调整空气层高度及加大纺丝管中凝固浴的流速，应用本发明中的凝固浴装置进行纺丝，
第一组设计参数：空气层高度是8mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距13mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为2.7GPa，拉伸模量为79GPa。
第二组设计参数：空气层高度是12mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距10mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为3.0GPa，拉伸模量为86GPa。
第三组设计参数：空气层高度是15mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距8mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为2.8GPa，拉伸模量为83GPa。
实施例2：
对位芳纶纤维干喷湿纺的纺丝方法，对位芳纶的比浓对数粘度为7，溶解于浓硫酸中制备浓度为20％质量比的纺丝浆液，要求纺丝速度为600m/min左右，最终纤维的拉伸强度不低于2.8GPa，拉伸模量不低于80GPa。
需要对纺丝工艺中的其他参数进行调整匹配，以达到纺丝要求。
工艺参数的确定：喷丝板孔径为0.08mm，纺丝管长度为8mm，喷丝速度为100m/min，纺丝温度设为85℃，凝固浴温度设为8℃，凝固浴是水，在凝固浴盘1的第一进液管111处凝固浴进液量是350L/h，加速装置2的第二进液管203处凝固浴进液量是500L/h。
本发明中的凝固浴装置便于调整空气层高度及加大纺丝管中凝固浴的流速，应用本发明中的凝固浴装置进行纺丝，
第一组设计参数：空气层高度是8mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距12mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为2.8GPa，拉伸模量为81GPa。
第二组设计参数：空气层高度是12mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距10mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为3.1GPa，拉伸模量为86GPa。
第三组设计参数：空气层高度是15mm，加速装置2与凝固浴盘1间相距8mm；得到的纤维拉伸强度为2.9GPa，拉伸模量为82GPa。
不脱离本发明的构思和范围可以做出许多其他改变和改型。应当理解，本发明不限于特定的实施方式，本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，其特征在于，
    包括：凝固浴盘(1)和加速装置(2)，二者内部都有圆柱状内腔；
    凝固浴盘(1)内设有用于纺丝的纺丝管(107)，加速装置(2)套接在纺丝管(107)上，三角垫圈(7)安装在加速装置(2)与纺丝管(107)之间；
    凝固浴盘(1)的板架(112)上有丝孔(113)和导槽(114)，丝杆(3)与丝孔(113)螺纹配合连接；加速装置(2)通过螺栓(4)、垫片(6)和螺母(5)紧固安装在导槽(114)处；
    凝固浴盘(1)和加速装置(2)上分别设置第一进液管(111)和第二进液管(203)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，其特征在于，
    凝固浴盘(1)中有第一腔体(101)，第一腔体(101)的下部设置一圈向内凸出的支板(108)，通过中心通孔(110)套接于纺丝管(107)上的阻尼盘(109)位于支板(108)的上方；
    阻尼盘(109)的中心通孔(110)外围设置多个小通孔(115)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，其特征在于，
    在第一腔体(101)中设置带有纺丝管(107)的溢流盘(102)；
    溢流盘(102)上方有带多个进液孔(104)的立壁(103)、凹环(105)和凸环(106)，立壁(103)由凹环(105)和凸环(106)与纺丝管(107)间过渡连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，其特征在于，
    加速装置(2)中有第二腔体(201)，第二腔体(201)的上方有与三角垫圈(7)形状相似的扩口(202)，在第二腔体(201)底部设置加速管道(204)，
    加速管道(204)的直径大于纺丝管(107)的直径，在加速管道 (204)与纺丝管(107)之间形成供加速液体并入的中间流道(205)，
    加速装置(2)的侧板上设有安装孔(206)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种干喷湿纺凝固浴装置，其特征在于，在凝固浴盘(1)上方加盖中间带有过丝孔(9)的盖板(8)。
  6. 一种干喷湿纺纺丝方法，其特征在于，
    包括下述步骤：
    S1、凝固浴装置安放在纺丝位的下方，过丝孔(9)位于喷丝板的正下方，纺丝速度为200-600m/min，
    S2、通过丝杆(3)调节凝固浴盘(1)的位置，保持空气层高度为8-15mm；
    S3、确定加速装置(2)的安装位置、凝固浴盘(1)及加速装置(2)的进液速度，保持凝固浴流速与纺丝速度的速度差稳定；
    S4、比浓对数粘度为5-8的纺丝浆液由纺丝位喷出，经过空气层进入到凝固浴中进行纺丝。
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