WO2021100073A1 - 空気調和装置の室外機、空気調和装置および空気調和装置の室外機の制御方法 - Google Patents

空気調和装置の室外機、空気調和装置および空気調和装置の室外機の制御方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021100073A1
WO2021100073A1 PCT/JP2019/045012 JP2019045012W WO2021100073A1 WO 2021100073 A1 WO2021100073 A1 WO 2021100073A1 JP 2019045012 W JP2019045012 W JP 2019045012W WO 2021100073 A1 WO2021100073 A1 WO 2021100073A1
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Prior art keywords
compressor
accumulator
heating
unit
heating unit
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PCT/JP2019/045012
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
景子 横山
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2019/045012 priority Critical patent/WO2021100073A1/ja
Priority to JP2021558036A priority patent/JP7255708B2/ja
Publication of WO2021100073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021100073A1/ja

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, an air conditioner, and a method of controlling an outdoor unit of an air conditioner.
  • the temperature of the air conditioner becomes low, for example, when the outside air temperature falls below freezing point while the operation is stopped, the temperature of the compressor housed in the outdoor unit also decreases, so that the temperature in the refrigerant circuit of the device becomes low.
  • a phenomenon in which the refrigerant condenses and liquefies in the compressor and accumulates in the compressor (hereinafter, also referred to as “sleeping phenomenon”) occurs.
  • the refrigerant accumulated in the compressor dissolves in the lubricating oil in the compressor. This dilutes the lubricating oil and reduces the viscosity of the lubricating oil.
  • a method in which the liquefied refrigerant is vaporized in advance by heating the compressor with a heating means such as a heater before starting the compressor at a low outside temperature.
  • Patent Document 1 describes a heat pump configured by sequentially connecting a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator in an annular shape.
  • This heat pump includes an accumulator between the evaporator and the compressor.
  • a compressor heating unit for heating the inside of the compressor is provided on the outside of the shell of the compressor, and an accumulator heating unit for heating the inside of the accumulator is provided on the outside of the shell of the accumulator.
  • this heat pump has a pressure sensor that detects the pressure on the suction side of the compressor, a first temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the oil sump that stores the lubricating oil provided at the bottom of the compressor, and the bottom of the accumulator ( It is provided with a second temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the liquid refrigerant pool).
  • the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor becomes higher than the saturation temperature corresponding to the detection pressure of the pressure sensor before starting the compressor.
  • the compressor is heated.
  • the liquid refrigerant dissolved in the lubricating oil in the oil sump can be vaporized.
  • the accumulator is heated within a range in which the detection temperature of the second temperature sensor does not exceed the detection temperature of the first temperature sensor. This prevents the refrigerant vaporized by the accumulator from recondensing with the compressor.
  • the present disclosure has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and is an outdoor unit of an air conditioner capable of controlling heating of a compressor and an accumulator to prevent a stagnation phenomenon of a refrigerant at low cost, and air. This is to obtain a control method for the outdoor unit of the accumulator and the air conditioner.
  • the outdoor unit of the air conditioner according to the present disclosure is provided on the suction side of an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, a compressor that sucks in, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant.
  • An accumulator that stores liquid refrigerant, a compressor heating unit that is installed in the compressor and heats the compressor, an accumulator heating unit that is installed in the accumulator and heats the accumulator, and an outside air temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the outside air. It is provided with a heating control unit that acquires the detected detection temperature and controls the compressor heating unit to heat the compressor and the accumulator heating unit to heat the accumulator based on the detected temperature. ..
  • control method of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner includes an outdoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, a compressor that sucks and compresses the refrigerant, and sucks the compressor.
  • An accumulator provided on the side for storing liquid refrigerant, a compressor heating unit provided on the compressor for heating the compressor, an accumulator heating unit provided on the accumulator for heating the accumulator, a compressor heating unit, and the compressor heating unit.
  • the heating control unit includes a step of heating the compressor to the compressor heating unit based on the detected temperature, and a heating control unit includes a step of heating the accumulator to the accumulator heating unit based on the detected temperature. Is.
  • the heating control unit causes the compressor heating unit to heat the compressor and the accumulator heating unit to heat the accumulator based on the detection temperature of the outside air temperature sensor, the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator is low. It can be done at a cost.
  • FIG. It is the schematic which shows the structure of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1. It is the schematic which shows the main structure inside the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the function of the heating control part of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1. It is a figure which shows an example of the hardware composition of the processing circuit of the heating control part of the outdoor unit of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1. It is a flowchart of the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1. It is a flowchart of the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1.
  • Timing chart of the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 1. It is an example of the timing chart of the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows the second embodiment. It is an example of the timing chart of the heating control of the compressor and the accumulator in the outdoor unit of the air conditioner which shows Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the air conditioner 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the solid arrow indicates the flow of the refrigerant during the cooling operation in the air conditioner 1
  • the broken arrow indicates the flow of the refrigerant during the heating operation in the air conditioner 1.
  • the cooling operation is an operation of blowing cold air from the indoor unit 10
  • the heating operation is an operation of blowing warm air from the indoor unit 10.
  • the air conditioner 1 includes an indoor unit 10 and an outdoor unit 20.
  • the accumulator 44, the compressor 42, the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the expansion valve 46, and the indoor heat exchanger 50 are connected via the refrigerant pipe 31 to form the refrigerant circuit 30. There is.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 30.
  • the indoor unit 10 cools and heats the space subject to air conditioning.
  • the air-conditioning target space is, for example, a space inside a building in which the indoor unit 10 is provided.
  • the indoor unit 10 has an indoor heat exchanger 50.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 50 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air in the air conditioning target space.
  • the air in the space subject to air conditioning is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 50 by the blower 51 provided in the indoor unit 10.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 50 functions as an evaporator during the cooling operation to evaporate and vaporize the refrigerant.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 50 functions as a condenser during the heating operation to condense and liquefy the refrigerant.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 50 is, for example, a fin-and-tube heat exchanger made of copper, aluminum, or the like.
  • the outdoor unit 20 is usually installed in a space outside the building.
  • the outdoor unit 20 includes an outdoor heat exchanger 40, a compressor 42, and an accumulator 44.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40 exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant.
  • the outside air is, for example, the air outside the building, and is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 40 by the blower 41 provided in the outdoor unit 20.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40 functions as a condenser during the cooling operation to condense and liquefy the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40 functions as an evaporator during the heating operation to evaporate and vaporize the refrigerant.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is a fin-and-tube heat exchanger made of, for example, copper or aluminum.
  • the compressor 42 sucks in a low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant, compresses the refrigerant, and discharges the refrigerant in a high-temperature and high-pressure state.
  • the compressor 42 has a function of circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 30.
  • the compressor 42 is composed of, for example, a rotary type or scroll type compressor.
  • the accumulator 44 is provided on the suction side of the compressor 42 and stores a liquid refrigerant.
  • the accumulator 44 stores the surplus refrigerant generated by the difference in the operating state between the cooling operation and the heating operation, the surplus refrigerant due to the transitional change in the operation, and the like. Further, the accumulator 44 separates and stores, for example, the liquid refrigerant that could not be completely evaporated in the outdoor heat exchanger 40 that functions as an evaporator during the heating operation. This prevents the liquid refrigerant from being sucked into the compressor and damaging the valves and the like of the compressor due to the liquid compression.
  • the heat capacity of the compressor is larger than the heat capacity of the accumulator.
  • the heat capacity of the compressor 42 is larger than the heat capacity of the accumulator 44. This is because the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 are mainly made of the same material for the container portion, the compressor 42 has a larger external dimension than the accumulator 44, and the compressor 42 has an internal compression mechanism. This is because the compressor 42 has a larger mass than the accumulator 44.
  • the outdoor unit 20 is provided with an expansion valve 46 and a four-way valve 48.
  • the expansion valve 46 is an example of a throttle device that adjusts the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 46 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant and adjusts the pressure (reducing pressure) of the inflowing refrigerant.
  • As the expansion valve 46 for example, an electronic expansion valve capable of changing the opening degree based on an instruction from a control device (not shown) is used.
  • the four-way valve 48 is an example of a flow path switching device that switches the direction of the flow path of the refrigerant.
  • the four-way valve 48 switches the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 30 between the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the main configuration inside the outdoor unit 20, and is a front view.
  • a partition plate 22 is provided inside the housing 21 of the outdoor unit 20.
  • the inside of the housing 21 is divided into a blower room 23 and a machine room 24 by a partition plate 22.
  • the blower room 23 is provided with an outdoor heat exchanger 40 and a blower 41.
  • the blower 41 is arranged so as to face the outdoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the machine room 24 is provided with a compressor 42, an accumulator 44, and an electric component storage unit 58.
  • the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 are arranged side by side in the horizontal direction.
  • the electrical component storage section 58 is formed in a box shape and houses electronic components and the like that perform processing such as supplying electric power to each device.
  • the electrical component storage unit 58 is arranged above the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44.
  • the outdoor unit 20 further includes a compressor heating unit 52, an accumulator heating unit 54, an outside air temperature sensor 56, and a heating control unit 60.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 is provided in the compressor 42 and heats the compressor 42.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 is arranged on the outer surface of the lower portion of the compressor 42. This makes it easier to effectively heat the liquid refrigerant accumulated in the lower portion of the compressor 42.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 is, for example, a crankcase heater, a belt heater, an induction heater or a jacket heater. Further, the compressor heating unit 52 may be configured by combining two or more of these heaters.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 is provided in the accumulator 44 and heats the accumulator 44.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 is arranged on the outer surface of the lower portion of the accumulator 44. This makes it easier to effectively heat the liquid refrigerant stored in the accumulator 44.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 is, for example, a crankcase heater, a belt heater, an induction heater or a jacket heater. Further, the accumulator heating unit 54 may be configured by combining two or more of these heaters.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 are composed of the above-mentioned heaters, for example, in the compressor heating unit 52, a crankcase heater, a belt heater, or the like is simply wound around the lower portion of the compressor 42. Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the external dimensions of the compressor 42. The same applies to the accumulator heating unit 54, and an increase in the external dimensions of the accumulator 44 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the outdoor unit 20 from becoming larger by providing the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 56 detects the temperature of the outside air.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 56 is attached to the housing 21 on the back side of the outdoor unit 20. That is, the outside air temperature sensor 56 is arranged apart from each of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 56 is composed of, for example, a thermistor.
  • the heating control unit 60 controls the compressor heating unit 52 to heat the compressor 42 and the accumulator heating unit 54 to heat the accumulator 44 based on the detection temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56.
  • the heating control unit 60 is housed in the electrical product storage unit 58.
  • the heating control unit 60 is electrically connected to each of the compressor heating unit 52, the accumulator heating unit 54, and the outside air temperature sensor 56 via wiring (not shown).
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the function of the heating control unit 60.
  • the heating control unit 60 includes an outside air temperature acquisition unit 62, an energization control unit 64, and a storage unit 66.
  • the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 acquires the detection temperature of the outside air detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56.
  • the energization control unit 64 controls energization of the compressor heating unit 52 and energization of the accumulator heating unit 54 based on the detection temperature of the outside air acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62.
  • the energization control unit 64 controls energization of the compressor heating unit 52 so that the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 to the compressor 42 is constant.
  • the energization control unit 64 controls energization of the accumulator heating unit 54 so that the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 to the accumulator 44 is constant.
  • the energization control unit 64 is designed so that the amount of heat generated per unit time when the heater constituting the compressor heating unit 52 generates heat while the compressor heating unit 52 is energized is constant. Controls the energization of the heating unit 52. Further, the energization control unit 64 controls energization of the accumulator heating unit 54 so that the amount of heat generated per unit time when the heater constituting the accumulator heating unit 54 generates heat while the accumulator heating unit 54 is energized is constant. To do.
  • the storage unit 66 stores the temperature acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62, various parameters used for control by the energization control unit 64 such as the first reference value TH1 described later.
  • the heating control unit 60 is realized, for example, as a processing circuit having a hardware configuration shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the processing circuit.
  • Each component constituting the heating control unit 60 is realized, for example, by the processor 71 shown in FIG. 4 executing a program stored in the memory 72. Further, a plurality of processors and a plurality of memories may cooperate to realize the above function. Further, a part of the functions of the heating control unit 60 may be implemented as an electronic circuit, and the other part may be realized by using the processor 71 and the memory 72.
  • the flow path of the refrigerant is switched by the four-way valve 48 as shown by the solid line, and the refrigerant circuit 30 is configured so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the outdoor heat exchanger 40. That is, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 30 in the order of the compressor 42, the four-way valve 48, the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the expansion valve 46, the indoor heat exchanger 50, the four-way valve 48, the accumulator 44, and the compressor 42. ..
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 40 heat exchange between the gas refrigerant and the outside air is performed, and the heat of condensation of the refrigerant is released to the outside air.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 40 is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant (liquid refrigerant).
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 40 flows into the expansion valve 46 and is depressurized to become a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant (a refrigerant in a gas-liquid two-phase state).
  • the low temperature and low pressure two-phase refrigerant flows into the indoor heat exchanger 50.
  • heat exchange is performed between the two-phase refrigerant and the air in the air-conditioning target space, and the two-phase refrigerant absorbs heat from the air and evaporates to become a low-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the air in the air conditioning target space is cooled.
  • the low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 42 via the four-way valve 48 and the accumulator 44.
  • the refrigerant sucked into the compressor 42 is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant. During the cooling operation, the above cycle is repeated.
  • the flow path of the refrigerant is switched by the four-way valve 48 as shown by the broken line, and the refrigerant circuit 30 is configured so that the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant flows through the indoor heat exchanger 50. That is, during the heating operation, the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit 30 in the order of the compressor 42, the four-way valve 48, the indoor heat exchanger 50, the expansion valve 46, the outdoor heat exchanger 40, the four-way valve 48, the accumulator 44, and the compressor 42. ..
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 42 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 50 via the four-way valve 48.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 50 heat exchange between the gas refrigerant and the air in the air conditioning target space is performed, and the heat of condensation of the refrigerant is released to the air in the air conditioning target space.
  • the air in the air conditioning target space is heated, and the refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 50 is condensed into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 50 flows into the expansion valve 46, is depressurized, becomes a low-temperature low-pressure two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 40.
  • the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 40 absorbs heat from the outside air in the outdoor heat exchanger 40 and evaporates to become a gas refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 42 via the four-way valve 48 and the accumulator 44, and is compressed to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant. During the heating operation, the above cycle is repeated.
  • 5 and 6 are flowcharts of heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 in the outdoor unit 20.
  • FIG. 7 is an example of a timing chart of heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 in the outdoor unit 20.
  • the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 described below is performed in a state where the compressor 42 is stopped.
  • the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 of the heating control unit 60 acquires the temperature of the outside air detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56 as the detection temperature (step ST1).
  • the detection temperature acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 is stored in the storage unit 66.
  • the energization control unit 64 determines whether the compressor heating unit 52 is energized by the energization control unit 64 (off state) or energized (on state). (Step ST2). That is, it is determined whether or not the compressor heating unit 52 is not heating the compressor 42.
  • the energization control unit 64 reads the detection temperature and the first reference value TH1 acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 from the storage unit 66, and the detection temperature is the first reference value TH1. It is determined whether or not it is as follows (step ST3).
  • the first reference value TH1 is a temperature value set in advance in consideration of a situation in which the refrigerant falls asleep in the compressor 42, and is stored in the storage unit 66.
  • the energization control unit 64 energizes the compressor heating unit 52 to turn it on, and starts heating the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52 (step ST4).
  • the detection temperature is larger than the first reference value TH1, it is not necessary to heat the compressor 42, so the process returns to step ST1 as it is.
  • the energization control unit 64 reads the detection temperature and the second reference value TH2 acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 from the storage unit 66, and determines whether or not the detection temperature is equal to or less than the second reference value TH2. Determine (step ST5).
  • the second reference value TH2 is a temperature value set in advance in consideration of a situation in which the refrigerant falls asleep in the accumulator 44, and is stored in the storage unit 66. Further, the second reference value TH2 is a value smaller than the first reference value TH1.
  • the energization control unit 64 energizes the accumulator heating unit 54 to turn it on, and starts heating the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 (step ST6). Then, the process returns to step ST1.
  • the detection temperature is larger than the second reference value TH2, it is not necessary to heat the accumulator 44, so the process returns to step ST1 as it is.
  • step ST2 when the compressor heating unit 52 is in the on state instead of the off state, that is, once the detection temperature becomes the first reference value TH1 or less, the compressor heating unit 52 presses the compressor 42.
  • the energization control unit 64 determines whether the accumulator heating unit 54 is in a non-energized state (off state) or energized state (on state) by the energization control unit 64 (on state). Step ST7). That is, it is determined whether or not the accumulator heating unit 54 is not heating the accumulator 44.
  • the energization control unit 64 reads out the detection temperature and the second reference value TH2 acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 from the storage unit 66, and the detection temperature is set, as in step ST5. It is determined whether or not the second reference value is TH2 or less (step ST8). When the detection temperature is equal to or lower than the second reference value TH2, the energization control unit 64 energizes the accumulator heating unit 54 to turn it on, starts heating the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 (step ST9), and proceeds to step ST1. Return. If the detected temperature is higher than the second reference value TH2, the process proceeds to step ST12, which will be described later.
  • step ST7 when the accumulator heating unit 54 is in the on state instead of the off state, that is, when the detection temperature is once set to the second reference value TH2 or less and the accumulator heating unit 54 is heating the accumulator 44.
  • the energization control unit 64 reads out the detection temperature and the third reference value TH3 acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 from the storage unit 66, and determines whether or not the detection temperature is equal to or higher than the third reference value TH3 ().
  • Step ST10 the third reference value TH3 is a preset temperature value similar to the second reference value TH2, and is stored in the storage unit 66. Further, the third reference value TH3 is a value larger than the second reference value TH2.
  • the energization control unit 64 stops the energization of the accumulator heating unit 54, turns off the accumulator heating unit 54, and stops the heating of the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 ( Step ST11). If the detected temperature is smaller than the third reference value TH3, it is necessary to continue heating the accumulator 44, so the process returns to step ST1 as it is.
  • the energization control unit 64 reads out the detection temperature and the fourth reference value TH4 acquired by the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 from the storage unit 66, and determines whether or not the detection temperature is equal to or higher than the fourth reference value TH4.
  • the fourth reference value TH4 is a preset temperature value similar to the first reference value, and is stored in the storage unit 66. Further, the fourth reference value TH4 is a value larger than both the first reference value TH1 and the third reference value TH3.
  • the energization control unit 64 stops the energization of the compressor heating unit 52, turns off the compressor heating unit 52, and heats the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52. Is stopped (step ST13). Then, the process returns to step ST1. If the detected temperature is smaller than the fourth reference value TH4, it is necessary to continue heating the compressor 42, so the process returns to step ST1 as it is.
  • the heating control unit 60 controls the heating of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 according to the temperature of the outside air by the above-mentioned flow.
  • FIG. 7 is an example of a timing chart when the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 is performed according to the above-mentioned flow.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 7 shows the flow of time.
  • the vertical axis of FIG. 7 shows the change in the detected temperature, the on / off of the compressor heating unit 52, and the on / off of the accumulator heating unit 54 in order from the top.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 With both the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 off, the temperature of the outside air drops, the detection temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56 drops, and the detection temperature falls below the first reference value TH1 at time t1. In that case, the compressor heating unit 52 is turned on, and the compressor 42 is started to be heated by the compressor heating unit 52. When the detection temperature further decreases and the detection temperature becomes the second reference value TH2 or less at time t2, the accumulator heating unit 54 is turned on, and the accumulator 44 is started to be heated by the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 After a while, when the temperature of the outside air rises and the detected temperature reaches the third reference value TH3 or higher at time t3, the accumulator heating unit 54 is turned off and the heating of the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 is stopped.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 When the detection temperature further rises and the detection temperature becomes the fourth reference value TH4 or more at time t4, the compressor heating unit 52 is turned off and the heating of the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52 is stopped.
  • the compressor heating unit 52 is turned on and compressed.
  • the time during which the machine 42 is heated (the period from time t1 to time t4) is longer than the time during which the accumulator heating unit 54 is turned on and the accumulator 44 is heated (the period from time t2 to time t3). .. If the heating time of the compressor 42 and the heating time of the accumulator 44 are the same, the heat capacity of the accumulator 44 is smaller than the heat capacity of the compressor 42, so that the accumulator 44 may be overheated.
  • the heating time of the accumulator 44 is shorter than the heating time of the compressor 42 as described above, it is possible to suppress heating the accumulator 44 more than necessary and reduce the power consumption. Can be made to.
  • the heating of the accumulator 44 is started after the heating of the compressor 42 is started. If the heating of the accumulator 44 is started first, the refrigerant vaporized in the accumulator 44 by the heating may move to the compressor 42, which has not been heated yet and has a low temperature, and may condense again. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the heating of the compressor 42 is started first as described above, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant vaporized by the accumulator 44 from being recondensed by the compressor 42.
  • the heating of the compressor 42 is stopped after the heating of the accumulator 44 is stopped. If the heating of the compressor 42 is stopped first, the temperature of the compressor 42 is not heated and the temperature gradually decreases, while the heating of the accumulator 44 is continued. Therefore, the temperature of the compressor 42 is the temperature of the accumulator 44. May be lower than. In this case, the refrigerant vaporized in the accumulator 44 may move to the compressor 42 having a low temperature and condense again. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the heating of the accumulator 44 is stopped first as described above, it is possible to prevent the refrigerant vaporized by the accumulator 44 from being recondensed by the compressor 42.
  • the compressor 42 is heated by the compressor heating unit 52.
  • a hysteresis width is provided between the starting temperature and the stopping temperature.
  • the second reference value TH2 and the third reference value TH3 are different values and the third reference value TH3 is larger than the second reference value TH2
  • the accumulator 44 is started to be heated by the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • a hysteresis width is provided between the temperature at which the accumulator and the temperature at which the accumulator is stopped.
  • the hysteresis width is provided in this way, it is possible to prevent the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 from repeatedly turning on and off, and to absorb the measurement error of the outside air temperature sensor 56 to ensure stable control. It can be carried out.
  • the first reference value TH1, the second reference value TH2, the third reference value TH3, and the fourth reference value TH4 can be set as follows, as an example.
  • the first reference value TH1 is set based on the result of a test for obtaining the temperature of the outside air that turns on the compressor heating unit 52. Specifically, the amount of refrigerant accumulated in the compressor 42 when a problem occurs in the compressor 42 due to the stagnation phenomenon of the refrigerant is calculated in advance from the shape of the compressor 42 and the like. Further, the amount of the refrigerant accumulated in the compressor 42 with respect to the temperature of the outside air is measured, and the relationship between the temperature of the outside air and the amount of the refrigerant accumulated is obtained.
  • the temperature of the outside air that turns on the compressor heating unit 52 is obtained, and the temperature is set as the first reference value.
  • the fourth reference value TH4 which is the temperature of the outside air that turns off the compressor heating unit 52, is set with reference to the condition of the standard heating capacity.
  • the second reference value TH2 which is the temperature of the outside air that turns on the accumulator heating unit 54
  • the third reference value TH3 which is the temperature of the outside air that turns off the accumulator 54
  • the difference in heat capacity between the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 is based on the relationship between the measured outside air temperature in the compressor 42 and the amount of refrigerant accumulated. In consideration of the above, the relationship between the temperature of the outside air in the accumulator 44 and the amount of accumulated refrigerant is calculated.
  • the accumulator 44 becomes a relatively coldest state in the refrigerant circuit 30 of the air conditioner 1, and the refrigerant can be accumulated in the accumulator 44. There is sex. In this case, if the accumulator 44 is filled with the refrigerant, the refrigerant in the accumulator 44 may overflow from the accumulator 44 and the liquid refrigerant may flow into the compressor 42 when the compressor 42 is started after that. .. This may cause a problem in the compressor 42.
  • heating of the accumulator 44 is started when the accumulated amount of the refrigerant in the accumulator 44 becomes the accumulated amount of the refrigerant that causes a problem in the compressor 42. That is, based on the relationship between the accumulated amount of the refrigerant, the calculated temperature of the outside air in the accumulator 44, and the accumulated amount of the refrigerant, the temperature of the outside air for turning on the accumulator heating unit 54 is obtained, and the temperature is determined. 2 Set as the reference value TH2.
  • the temperature of the outside air that turns off the accumulator heating unit 54 is set to, for example, the temperature of the outside air in which the amount of refrigerant accumulated in the accumulator 44 is about half of the amount of refrigerant accumulated in the compressor 42. To. That is, the outside air that turns off the accumulator heating unit 54 based on the relationship between the amount of about half of the accumulated amount of the refrigerant in which this problem occurs and the calculated relationship between the temperature of the outside air in the accumulator 44 and the accumulated amount of the refrigerant. Is obtained, and the temperature is set as the third reference value TH3.
  • the first reference value TH1 is 0 ° C
  • the second reference value TH2 is -1 ° C
  • the third reference value TH3 is 7 ° C
  • the fourth reference value TH4 is 8 ° C. ..
  • the outdoor unit 20 of the air conditioner 1 has an outdoor heat exchanger 40 that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, and compression that sucks, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant.
  • the machine 42, the accumulator 44 provided on the suction side of the compressor 42 to store the liquid refrigerant, the compressor heating unit 52 provided in the compressor 42 to heat the compressor 42, and the accumulator 44 are provided.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 that heats the accumulator 44 and the outside air temperature sensor 56 that detects the temperature of the outside air acquire the detected temperature, and the compressor heating unit 52 controls to heat the compressor 42, and the accumulator heating unit 54 It includes a heating control unit 60 that controls the heating of the accumulator 44 based on the detected temperature.
  • the heating control unit 60 controls the compressor heating unit 52 to heat the compressor 42 and the accumulator.
  • the control for heating the accumulator 44 by the heating unit 54 is performed based on the detection temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56.
  • the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 is performed using the detection temperature of the outside air temperature sensor 56, it is not necessary to provide a pressure sensor or the like, so that the cost can be reduced.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 56 is already installed in a general air conditioner and can be used, it is possible to suppress an increase in cost. Therefore, the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 can be performed at low cost.
  • the heating control unit 60 starts heating the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52, and the detection temperature is smaller than the first reference value TH1.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 starts heating the accumulator 44.
  • the heating control unit 60 is the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 when the detection temperature becomes the third reference value TH3 or more, which is larger than the second reference value TH2, while the accumulator heating unit 54 is heating the accumulator 44.
  • the detection temperature became the fourth reference value TH4 or higher, which is larger than both the first reference value TH1 and the third reference value TH3, while the compressor heating unit 52 was heating the compressor 42. In this case, the heating of the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52 is stopped.
  • the heating of the compressor 42 is stopped after the heating of the accumulator 44 is stopped.
  • the temperature of the compressor 42 can be prevented from becoming lower than the temperature of the accumulator 44, so that the refrigerant vaporized by the accumulator 44 can be prevented from being recondensed by the compressor 42.
  • the fourth reference value TH4 is larger than the first reference value TH1, a hysteresis width is provided between the temperature at which the compressor 42 is started to be heated by the compressor heating unit 52 and the temperature at which the compressor 42 is stopped.
  • a hysteresis width is provided between the temperature at which the accumulator 44 is started to be heated by the accumulator heating unit 54 and the temperature at which the accumulator 44 is stopped. Since the hysteresis width is provided in this way, it is possible to prevent the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 from repeatedly turning on and off, and to absorb the measurement error of the outside air temperature sensor 56 to ensure stable control. It can be carried out.
  • Each of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 is composed of at least one of a crankcase heater, a belt heater, an induction heater and a jacket heater. With such a configuration, for example, by winding these heaters around the outer periphery of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44, the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 can be easily installed in the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44, respectively. ..
  • the heating control unit 60 controls the compressor heating unit 52 to heat the compressor 42 and the accumulator heating unit 54 to heat the accumulator 44 when the compressor 42 is stopped, based on the detection temperature. To carry out. With such a configuration, heating of the compressor 42 and heating of the accumulator 44 can be performed while the compressor 42 is stopped. Therefore, when the operation of the air conditioner 1 is instructed to start the compressor 42, it is not necessary to wait for the time to heat the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 in order to prevent the refrigerant from falling asleep. , The operation can be started promptly.
  • control method of the outdoor unit 20 of the air conditioner 1 is as follows: an outdoor heat exchanger 40 that exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, and a compressor 42 that sucks in, compresses, and discharges the refrigerant.
  • An accumulator 44 provided on the suction side of the compressor 42 to store the liquid refrigerant, a compressor heating unit 52 provided on the compressor 42 to heat the compressor 42, and an accumulator 44 provided on the accumulator 44.
  • a step of acquiring the detected temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56 that detects the temperature of the outside air a step of the heating control unit 60 heating the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52 based on the detected temperature, and heating.
  • the control unit 60 includes a step of heating the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54 based on the detected temperature.
  • the heating control unit 60 compresses the compressor 42 into the compressor heating unit 52 based on the detection temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56.
  • the machine 42 is heated, and the accumulator heating unit 54 heats the accumulator 44 based on the detected temperature.
  • the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 is performed using the detection temperature of the outside air temperature sensor 56, it is not necessary to provide a pressure sensor or the like, so that the cost can be reduced.
  • the outside air temperature sensor 56 is already installed in a general air conditioner and can be used, it is possible to suppress an increase in cost. Therefore, the heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 can be performed at low cost.
  • the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 acquires the detection temperature of the outside air detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 may acquire the detection temperature of the outside air detected by another temperature sensor provided around the outdoor unit 20.
  • the outside air temperature acquisition unit 62 may acquire the detection temperature of the outside air detected by the outside air temperature sensor of another outdoor unit.
  • the air conditioner 1 is provided with a four-way valve 48, and the air conditioner 1 has a configuration capable of both cooling operation and heating operation, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the air conditioner 1 may be used as a dedicated device for heating operation without providing the four-way valve 48.
  • the expansion valve 46 is provided in the outdoor unit 20, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the expansion valve 46 may be provided in the indoor unit 10.
  • the function of the heating control unit 60 may be performed by a control device (not shown) that controls the drive of the compressor 42, the opening degree adjustment of the expansion valve 46, the switching operation of the four-way valve 48, and the like.
  • FIG. 8 is an example of a timing chart of heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 in the outdoor unit 20 according to the present embodiment.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 8 shows the flow of time.
  • the vertical axis of FIG. 8 shows the change in the detected temperature, the on / off of the compressor heating unit 52, the change in the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52, the on / off of the accumulator heating unit 54, and the accumulator heating unit in this order from the top. It shows the change of the heating amount of 54.
  • the description of the part of the present embodiment similar to that of the first embodiment will be omitted.
  • the energization control unit 64 of the heating control unit 60 is a compressor so that the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 for the compressor 42 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 for the accumulator 44 are constant.
  • the energization of the heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 was controlled, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the heating control unit 60 changes the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 according to the detection temperature detected by the outside air temperature sensor 56. Specifically, the heating control unit 60 increases the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 when the detection temperature is low.
  • the amount of heat generated by the compressor heating unit 52 can be changed, for example, by changing the amount of heat generated when the heaters constituting the compressor heating unit 52 generate heat.
  • the energization control unit 64 changes the amount of heat generated by the heater by changing the voltage applied to the heater while the compressor heating unit 52 is energized, thereby changing the amount of heat generated by the compressor heating unit 52. be able to.
  • the energization control unit 64 can change the heat generation amount of the heater by changing the voltage applied to the heater while the accumulator heating unit 54 is energized, so that the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 can be changed.
  • the detection temperature becomes the first reference value TH1 or less at time t1, and the compressor heating unit 52 is turned on. At this time, the compressor heating unit 52 heats the compressor 42 with the heating amount QC1.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 is turned on. At this time, the accumulator heating unit 54 heats the accumulator 44 with the heating amount QA1.
  • the energization control unit 64 heats the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 from the heating amount QC1.
  • the heating amount QC2 is changed to be larger than the heating amount QC1, and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 is changed from the heating amount QA1 to the heating amount QA2 larger than the heating amount QA1.
  • the energization control unit 64 is the compressor heating unit 52.
  • the heating amount is changed from the heating amount QC2 to the heating amount QC1, and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 is changed from the heating amount QA2 to the heating amount QA1.
  • the accumulator heating unit 54 is turned off and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 becomes zero. Then, when the detection temperature becomes the fourth reference value TH4 or more at time t4, the compressor heating unit 52 is turned off and the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 becomes 0.
  • the heating control unit 60 changes the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 according to the detected temperature.
  • the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 By reducing the size, it is possible to prevent the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 from being heated more than necessary, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption.
  • the temperature of the outside air is relatively low, the state in which the refrigerant is laid down can be quickly eliminated by increasing the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • the energization control unit 64 gradually changes the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 in response to the change in the detection temperature, but the present invention is limited to this. Absent.
  • the energization control unit 64 may continuously change the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 in response to a change in the detected temperature.
  • the energization control unit 64 changes both the heating amount of the compressor heating unit 52 and the heating amount of the accumulator heating unit 54 in response to the change in the detected temperature, but only one of them is changed. You may.
  • FIG. 9 is an example of a timing chart of heating control of the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 in the outdoor unit 20 according to the present embodiment.
  • the horizontal axis of FIG. 9 shows the flow of time.
  • the vertical axis of FIG. 9 shows the change in the detected temperature, the on / off of the compressor heating unit 52, and the on / off of the accumulator heating unit 54 in order from the top.
  • the description of the same parts as those of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present embodiment will be omitted.
  • the heating control unit 60 when the compressor heating unit 52 heats the compressor 42, the heating control unit 60 always turns on the heater constituting the compressor heating unit 52 and heats the accumulator 44 in the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • the heater constituting the accumulator heating unit 54 was always on, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the heating control unit 60 when the compressor heating unit 52 heats the compressor 42, the heating control unit 60 repeatedly turns the compressor heating unit 52 on and off to cause the accumulator heating unit 54 to heat the accumulator 44. In this case, the accumulator heating unit 54 is repeatedly turned on and off. Further, the heating control unit 60 changes the on time and off time of the compressor heating unit 52 and the on time and off time of the accumulator heating unit 54 according to the detection temperature. Specifically, when the detection temperature is low, the heating control unit 60 makes the on time of each of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 longer than the off time.
  • the detection temperature becomes equal to or less than the first reference value TH1 at time t1, and the compressor 42 is started to be heated by the compressor heating unit 52.
  • the energization control unit 64 controls the energization of the compressor heating unit 52 and periodically repeats on and off of the compressor heating unit 52 to cause the compressor heating unit 52 to heat the compressor 42.
  • the on time and the off time of the compressor heating unit 52 are the same length.
  • the energization control unit 64 controls the energization of the accumulator heating unit 54 and periodically repeats on and off of the accumulator heating unit 54 to cause the accumulator heating unit 54 to heat the accumulator 44.
  • the on time and the off time of the accumulator heating unit 54 are the same length.
  • the energization control unit 64 makes the on time of the compressor heating unit 52 longer than the off time, and then the compressor.
  • the compressor 42 is heated by the compressor heating unit 52 while periodically repeating on and off of the heating unit 52.
  • the energization control unit 64 sets the accumulator 44 to the accumulator heating unit 54 while periodically repeating the on and off of the accumulator heating unit 54 after making the on time of the accumulator heating unit 54 longer than the off time. Heat.
  • the energization control unit 64 sets the on time and the off time of the compressor heating unit 52 to be the same.
  • the compressor 42 is heated by the compressor heating unit 52 while periodically repeating on and off of the compressor heating unit 52.
  • the energization control unit 64 makes the on time and the off time of the accumulator heating unit 54 the same, and then periodically repeats the on and off of the accumulator heating unit 54 to the accumulator 44 to the accumulator heating unit 54. To heat.
  • the energization control unit 64 stops the heating of the accumulator 44 by the accumulator heating unit 54. Then, when the detected temperature becomes the fourth reference value TH4 or higher at time t4, the energization control unit 64 stops the heating of the compressor 42 by the compressor heating unit 52.
  • the heating control unit 60 when the compressor heating unit 52 heats the compressor 42, the heating control unit 60 repeatedly turns the compressor heating unit 52 on and off, and causes the accumulator heating unit 54 to turn on and off.
  • the accumulator 44 is heated, the accumulator heating unit 54 is repeatedly turned on and off, and the on time and off time of the compressor heating unit 52 and the on time and off time of the accumulator heating unit 54 are detected as the detection temperature. Change according to. With such a configuration, the on-time is shorter than in the case where each of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 is always on, so that the power consumption can be reduced.
  • the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 are heated more than necessary by lengthening the off time of each of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54. Can be suppressed and power consumption can be reduced.
  • the compressor 42 and the accumulator 44 are appropriately heated while suppressing power consumption by lengthening the on-time of each of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54. Therefore, the state in which the refrigerant is laid down can be eliminated.
  • the energization control unit 64 changes the on time and the off time of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 in a stepwise manner in response to a change in the detection temperature.
  • the energization control unit 64 may continuously change the on time and the off time of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54, respectively, in response to a change in the detection temperature.
  • the energization control unit 64 is repeated for both on and off of the compressor heating unit 52 and on and off of the accumulator heating unit 54, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the energization control unit 64 may repeat on and off for only one of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54.
  • the energization control unit 64 changes the on time and off time of the compressor heating unit 52 and the on time and off time of the accumulator heating unit 54 according to the detection temperature, but is limited to this. Absent.
  • the energization control unit 64 may change the on time and the off time of only one of the compressor heating unit 52 and the accumulator heating unit 54 according to the detected temperature.
  • heating control of the compressor and accumulator can be performed at low cost.
  • 1 air conditioner 10 indoor unit, 20 outdoor unit, 21 housing, 22 partition plate, 23 blower room, 24 machine room, 30 refrigerant circuit, 31 refrigerant pipe, 40 outdoor heat exchanger, 42 compressor, 44 accumulator, 46 expansion valve (squeezing device), 48 four-way valve, 50 indoor heat exchanger, 52 compressor heating unit, 54 accumulator heating unit, 56 outside air temperature sensor, 58 electrical equipment storage unit, 60 heating control unit, 62 outside air temperature acquisition unit , 64 energization control unit, 66 storage unit, 71 processor, 72 memory, QA1, QA2, QC1, QC2 heating amount, TH1 1st reference value, TH2 2nd reference value, TH3 3rd reference value, TH4 4th reference value, TP1, TP2 temperature.

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PCT/JP2019/045012 2019-11-18 2019-11-18 空気調和装置の室外機、空気調和装置および空気調和装置の室外機の制御方法 WO2021100073A1 (ja)

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JP2010065958A (ja) * 2008-09-12 2010-03-25 Hitachi Appliances Inc 空気調和装置
WO2012059957A1 (ja) * 2010-11-04 2012-05-10 三菱電機株式会社 空気調和機
JP2014126309A (ja) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-07 Hitachi Appliances Inc 空気調和機
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