WO2021093709A1 - 配有弹力护帽的防刺注射针及防刺注射器 - Google Patents

配有弹力护帽的防刺注射针及防刺注射器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021093709A1
WO2021093709A1 PCT/CN2020/127569 CN2020127569W WO2021093709A1 WO 2021093709 A1 WO2021093709 A1 WO 2021093709A1 CN 2020127569 W CN2020127569 W CN 2020127569W WO 2021093709 A1 WO2021093709 A1 WO 2021093709A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protective cap
needle
puncture
spring
proof
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/127569
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈日志
江优
谢世庚
Original Assignee
湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201911114490.7A external-priority patent/CN110812618B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911114489.4A external-priority patent/CN110812604B/zh
Application filed by 湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司 filed Critical 湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司
Priority to US17/603,981 priority Critical patent/US20220203044A1/en
Publication of WO2021093709A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021093709A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3257—Semi-automatic sleeve extension, i.e. in which triggering of the sleeve extension requires a deliberate action by the user, e.g. manual release of spring-biased extension means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
    • A61M5/3275—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel being connected to the needle hub or syringe by radially deflectable members, e.g. longitudinal slats, cords or bands
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/34—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub
    • A61M5/344—Constructions for connecting the needle, e.g. to syringe nozzle or needle hub using additional parts, e.g. clamping rings or collets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0216—Materials providing elastic properties, e.g. for facilitating deformation and avoid breaking
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3202—Devices for protection of the needle before use, e.g. caps

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and specifically relates to a puncture-proof injection needle equipped with an elastic protective cap, and a puncture-proof syringe with a detachable or fixed injection needle structure.
  • This product overcomes the deficiencies of the steel needle incorporated into the syringe barrel to prevent stabs, but the structure is more complex and the cost is more High and inconvenient to operate. Due to the fact that the existing puncture-proof syringes are more than ten times or even dozens of times more expensive than ordinary syringes, the current use rate of puncture-proof syringes in our country is very low, far lower than some developed countries that have gradually become popular.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a puncture-proof injection needle and a puncture-proof syringe equipped with an elastic protective cap. After the injection is completed by using the syringe of the present invention, the protective cap can be automatically ejected to cover the steel needle through simple operations to achieve the purpose of preventing stab wounds.
  • the product structure is simple, easy to manufacture and use, and low cost, which is very beneficial to the popularization of this type of puncture-proof syringe.
  • the puncture-proof syringe of the present invention can be divided into two types according to whether the steel needle is detachable or not: one is a puncture-proof syringe with an elastic protective cap and a puncture-proof injection needle; the other is a fixed-needle puncture-proof syringe.
  • the present invention first provides a puncture-resistant injection needle with an elastic protective cap, which can effectively exert the puncture-resistant function after being assembled on the syringe.
  • the puncture-proof injection needle can be matched with most existing syringes.
  • a puncture-proof injection needle with an elastic protective cap includes a needle base and a steel needle that are fixedly connected to each other, and is characterized in that it also includes a protective cap sheathed outside the needle base;
  • the top of the protective cap is closed, and a needle hole for the steel needle to pass through is provided at the center of the end face;
  • a spring is arranged inside the top end of the protective cap, and the top end of the protective cap is connected to the top end of the needle holder through the spring;
  • the tail end of the protective cap is an open end, and can be engaged with the end of the needle holder in a limit position;
  • the premise is that when the end of the protective cap and the end of the needle seat are in a position-limiting engagement state, the spring is compressed, and the steel needle penetrates the needle hole after passing through the spring;
  • the protective cap When the end of the protective cap and the end of the needle seat are in a non-limiting engagement state, the protective cap is automatically ejected under the elastic force of the spring, and the steel needle is covered in the protective cap.
  • the main improvement is embodied in the arrangement of the protective cap.
  • the fixed connection between the needle holder and the steel needle can be designed and implemented with reference to the prior art. If the size of the needle holder and/or the steel needle needs to be adjusted due to the introduction of a protective cap, this is also true for those skilled in the art. Easy to determine and operate.
  • the top end of the protective cap and the needle holder refers to the end close to the needle head of the steel needle, and the tail end refers to the other end opposite to it.
  • the protective cap is sleeved on the outer side of the needle seat, and when the tail end of the protective cap and the tail end of the needle seat are in a position-limiting engagement state, the protective cap preferably covers the entire needle seat inside.
  • a spring is arranged inside the top end of the protective cap as a core elastic member.
  • the spring is arranged in a coaxial manner with the steel needle.
  • the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top end of the needle seat and the top end of the protective cap. It is easy to understand that the length of the spring should be set to be sufficient to ensure that the steel needle is completely covered in the protective cap in the non-limiting engagement state.
  • the end of the protective cap and the end of the needle holder are screwed to realize the limit engagement.
  • the inner edge of the tail end of the protective cap is provided with a raised internal thread
  • the tail end of the needle seat is provided with a side wing
  • the side wing is adapted to the internal thread, and the limit engagement can be realized by screwing.
  • a limiting wing is provided on the upper outer edge of the needle seat, and a limiting movable section is formed between the side wing and the limiting wing.
  • the limit wing can play a blocking role to prevent the protective cap from separating from the needle seat and further ensure that the steel needle is shielded in the protective cap.
  • an extension seat is provided at the top of the needle seat, and one end of the spring is fixedly sleeved with the extension seat.
  • a rib is provided on the outer edge of the extension seat to facilitate the connection with the spring.
  • the puncture-resistant injection needle with an elastic protective cap of the present invention further includes a protective cap, and the protective cap is sleeved on the top of the protective cap.
  • the steel needle passes through the protective cap, and the sheathed protective cover can shield the exposed steel needle.
  • a shielding tube is also provided on the outer edge of the spring to prevent possible left-right deviation in the compressed state of the spring.
  • the inner diameter of the shielding tube is larger than the outer diameter of the spring coil, and the height is preferably the same as the height of the extension seat, and the bottom end is sleeved on the bottom end of the extension seat.
  • the puncture-resistant injection needle with elastic protective cap of the present invention can have two initial standby states: one is that the end of the protective cap and the end of the needle seat are in a position-limiting engagement state, and the spring is compressed, The steel needle passes through the needle hole at the top of the protective cap, but is covered by the protective cover sleeved on the top of the protective cap; the other is that the end of the protective cap and the end of the needle seat are in a non-limiting engagement state, and the steel needle is covered in the protective cap as a whole Inside (the protective cover can be included or omitted at this time).
  • the former one is preferred, that is, the injection needle in the position-limiting engagement state.
  • the injection needle whose initial standby state is in the limit-locked state as an example: when using, tighten the needle holder and the syringe connector, remove the protective cover, and perform the injection according to the routine operation of the syringe. After the injection is completed, the limit is lifted by rotating the protective cap, etc.
  • the protective cap will automatically pop out under the elastic force of the spring and stick to the skin at the injection site), and then dial the needle; during the entire needle withdrawal process, due to the continuous elastic force of the spring, the drawn steel needle is always Be covered by the protective cap until the steel needle is completely pulled out. In this way, the purpose of preventing stab wounds is achieved.
  • the present invention also provides a puncture-proof syringe comprising the above-mentioned elastic protective cap puncture-proof injection needle and a syringe barrel, and the injection needle is detachably mounted on the joint of the syringe barrel.
  • the present invention provides a fixed needle puncture-proof syringe.
  • a fixed-needle puncture-proof syringe includes a syringe with a joint, a steel needle installed on the joint, and a protective cover, characterized in that it also includes a protective cap sleeved outside the joint;
  • the top of the protective cap is closed, and a needle hole for the steel needle to pass through is provided at the center of the end face;
  • a spring is arranged inside the top of the protective cap, and the top of the protective cap is connected to the top of the connector through the spring;
  • the tail end of the protective cap is an open end and can be clamped with the tail of the connector in a limit position
  • the premise is that when the end of the protective cap and the end of the connector are in a position-limiting engagement state, the spring is in a compressed state, the steel needle passes through the spring and then passes through the needle hole at the top of the protective cap, and the protective cover is sleeved on the top of the protective cap to cover exposure Steel needle
  • the protective cap When the end of the protective cap and the tail of the connector are in a non-limiting engagement state, the protective cap is ejected under the elastic force of the spring, and the steel needle is shielded in the protective cap.
  • the main improvement is also reflected in the setting of the protective cap.
  • the syringe barrel with the joint, the steel needle installed on the joint, and the setting of the protective cover can all be designed and implemented with reference to the existing technology; if the size of the joint and/or the steel needle needs to be adjusted due to the introduction of the protective cap, this It is also easy to determine and operate for those skilled in the art.
  • the top end of the protective cap and the connector refers to the end close to the needle of the steel needle, and the tail end refers to the other end opposite to it.
  • a spring is arranged inside the top end of the protective cap as a core elastic member.
  • the spring is arranged in a coaxial manner with the steel needle.
  • the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top end of the joint and the top end of the protective cap. It is easy to understand that the length of the spring should be set to be sufficient to ensure that the steel needle is completely covered in the protective cap in the non-limiting engagement state.
  • the end of the protective cap and the end of the connector are screwed to achieve a limit engagement.
  • the inner edge of the end of the protective cap is provided with a raised internal thread
  • the end of the joint is provided with an external thread ring
  • the external thread ring is adapted to the internal thread, and the limit engagement can be realized by screwing.
  • a limiting wing is provided on the upper outer edge of the joint, and a limiting movable section is formed between the outer threaded ring and the limiting wing.
  • the limit wing can play a blocking role to prevent the protective cap from separating from the joint and further ensure that the steel needle is shielded in the protective cap.
  • an extension seat is provided at the top of the joint, and one end of the spring is fixedly sleeved with the extension seat.
  • a rib is provided on the outer edge of the extension seat to facilitate the connection with the spring.
  • the fixed needle puncture-resistant syringe of the present invention can have two initial standby states: one is that the end of the protective cap and the end of the connector are in a limited engagement state, the spring is compressed, and the steel needle is pierced out.
  • the pinhole at the top of the protective cap is covered by the protective cover; the other is that the end of the protective cap and the end of the connector are in a non-limiting engagement state, and the steel needle is covered in the protective cap as a whole (the protective cover can have or save go with).
  • the former is preferred, that is, the syringe in the position-limiting engagement state.
  • the syringe whose initial standby state is in the position-limiting state as an example: when in use, remove the protective cover, and inject according to the routine operation of the fixed needle syringe. After the injection is completed, release the position-limiting state by rotating the protective cap, etc.
  • the protective cap automatically pops up and adheres to the skin at the injection site), and then the needle is pulled; during the entire needle withdrawal process, due to the continuous elastic force of the spring, the drawn steel needle is always covered by the protective cap until the steel The needle is pulled out completely. In this way, the purpose of preventing stab wounds is achieved.
  • the product has reliable performance, overcomes the lack of sliding steel needles of existing puncture-proof syringes, and has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and use, greatly reduces costs, and is easy to promote;
  • the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe has a simple and compact structure, and is especially suitable for small-dose injections such as vaccine injections and skin test needles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the puncture-resistant injection needle with elastic protective cap (in a position-limiting engagement state) shown in Example 1;
  • Example 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the puncture-proof injection needle with elastic protective cap (non-limiting engagement state) shown in Example 1;
  • Example 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the puncture-proof injection needle with elastic protective cap (non-limiting engagement state) shown in Example 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe (in a position-limiting engagement state) shown in Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe (non-limiting engagement state) shown in Embodiment 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe (non-limiting engagement state) shown in Embodiment 4;
  • Figure 7 is a physical view of the syringe equipped with the injection needle of the present invention in Example 1 before use;
  • Figure 8 is a physical diagram of the syringe equipped with the injection needle of the present invention in Example 1 after use;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged physical view of the injection needle of the present invention in Application Example 1 before and after use;
  • Figure 10 is a physical map of the experimental sample used in Application Example 2 before use;
  • FIG. 11 is a physical diagram of the experimental sample used in Application Example 2 after use.
  • a puncture-proof injection needle with an elastic protective cap in a position-limiting engagement state includes a needle holder 1, a steel needle 2, a protective cover 3, and a protective cap 4.
  • the needle base 1 and the steel needle 2 are fixedly connected in a conventional manner.
  • the rear end of the needle seat 1 is provided with a protruding side wing 11
  • the top end is provided with an extension seat 13
  • the outer edge of the extension seat 13 is provided with a protruding rib.
  • the protective cap 4 is sleeved on the outer side of the needle base 1, and the top end thereof is closed, and a needle hole 41 is provided at the center of the end surface.
  • the steel needle 2 passes through the needle hole 41 and is exposed on the protective cap 4.
  • the top end of the protective cap 4 is provided with a spring 5 coaxial with the steel needle 2 (shown in a compressed state).
  • One end of the spring 5 is fixedly connected with the top end of the protective cap 4, and the other end is passed through a rib on the outer edge of the extension seat 13. It is fixedly socketed with the extension seat 13 (the end of the spring 5 is clamped by the snap rib).
  • the tail end of the protective cap 4 is an open end, and a raised internal thread 42 is provided on the inner edge of the protective cap 4.
  • the internal thread 42 is adapted to the side wing 11. Rotate the protective cap 4 in the clockwise direction, and the internal thread 42 is locked with the side wing 11, so that the protective cap 4 and the needle seat 1 are in a position-limiting engagement state.
  • the protective cover 3 is sleeved on the top of the protective cap 4 to cover the exposed steel needle 2.
  • the top end of the protective cap 4 has a stepped structure of a truncated cone adapted to the sleeved part of the protective cover 3, and has a slot (not shown) adapted to the protective cover 3.
  • Figure 1 shows a typical initial standby state of the puncture-resistant injection needle with the elastic protective cap of the present invention.
  • tighten the needle holder 1 and the syringe connector remove the protective cap 3, and inject according to the usual operation of the syringe.
  • the steel needle 2 pulled out during the entire needle pulling process is always shielded by the protective cap 4 until the steel needle 2 is completely pulled out, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing stab wounds.
  • the whole process not only has reliable performance, overcomes the shortcomings of the existing puncture-proof syringe steel needle sliding, but also has a simple structure and is easy to implement, which greatly reduces the manufacturing and use costs.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the puncture-proof injection needle with the elastic protective cap of the present invention in a non-limiting engagement state, and is also a schematic diagram showing the structure of the injection needle shown in Fig. 1 after use. It can be seen that the steel needle 2 is shielded by the protective cap 4, and due to the fixed connection effect of the spring 5, the protective cap 4 will not be separated from the needle seat 1 when it is ejected.
  • the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is only: the upper side of the needle holder 1 (the end of the extension seat 13) is provided with a limit wing 12 on the outer edge, and the side wing 11 and the limit wing 12 Form a limited activity segment between.
  • the internal thread section at the end of the protective cap 4 slides into the limit movement section. Blocked by the limiting wing 12, the internal thread section of the protective cap 4 cannot pass through the limiting wing 12, so that the protective cap 4 cannot be separated from the needle base 1, and the protective cap 4 shields the steel needle 2 to achieve the purpose of preventing stab wounds.
  • a fixed needle puncture-proof syringe in a position-limiting engagement state includes a syringe barrel 1, a steel needle 2, a protective cover 3 and a protective cap 4.
  • the syringe 1 has a joint 10.
  • the top end of the joint 10 is provided with an extension seat 13, the outer edge of the extension seat 13 is provided with a convex locking edge; the rear part is provided with a convex external thread ring 11.
  • the steel needle 2 is mounted on the joint 10 of the syringe 1 in a conventional manner.
  • the protective cap 4 is sleeved on the outside of the connector 10, the top of which is closed, and a pin hole 41 is provided at the center of the end surface.
  • the steel needle 2 passes through the needle hole 41 and is exposed on the protective cap 4.
  • the top end of the protective cap 4 is provided with a spring 5 coaxial with the steel needle 2 (shown in a compressed state).
  • One end of the spring 5 is fixedly connected with the top end of the protective cap 4, and the other end is passed through a rib on the outer edge of the extension seat 13. It is fixedly socketed with the extension seat 13 (the end of the spring 5 is clamped by the snap rib).
  • the tail end of the protective cap 4 is an open end, and a raised internal thread 42 is provided on the inner edge of the protective cap 4.
  • the internal thread 42 is adapted to the external thread ring 11.
  • the protective cover 3 is sleeved on the top of the protective cap 4 to cover the exposed steel needle 2.
  • the top end of the protective cap 4 has a stepped structure of a truncated cone adapted to the sleeved part of the protective cover 3, and has a slot (not shown) adapted to the protective cover 3.
  • Figure 4 shows a typical initial standby state of the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe of the present invention.
  • the steel needle 2 pulled out during the entire needle pulling process is always shielded by the protective cap 4 until the steel needle 2 is completely pulled out, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing stab wounds.
  • the whole process not only has reliable performance, overcomes the shortcomings of the existing puncture-proof syringe steel needle sliding, but also has a simple structure and is easy to implement, which greatly reduces the manufacturing and use costs.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fixed needle anti-puncture syringe of the present invention in a non-limiting engagement state, and is also a schematic diagram of the structure of the syringe shown in FIG. 4 after use. It can be seen that the steel needle 2 is covered by the protective cap 4, and due to the fixed connection effect of the spring 5, the protective cap 4 will not be separated from the connector 10 when it is ejected.
  • the difference between the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 3 is only: the outer edge of the upper side of the joint 10 (the end of the extension seat 13) is provided with a limiting wing 12, and the outer threaded ring 11 and the limiting wing 12 A limit activity section is formed between. After the limit engagement is released, the internal thread section at the end of the protective cap 4 slides into the limit movement section. Blocked by the limiting wing 12, the internal thread section of the protective cap 4 cannot pass through the limiting wing 12, so that the protective cap 4 cannot be separated from the connector 10, and the protective cap 4 shields the steel needle 2 to achieve the purpose of preventing stab wounds.
  • a syringe equipped with a puncture-proof injection needle equipped with an elastic protective cap of the present invention as shown in FIG. 7 was used as an experimental sample, and the specification was 2.5 mL.
  • the left side is the physical image of the sample with the protective cover, and the right is the physical image of the sample with the protective cover removed.
  • the left side is the physical image of the experimental sample after use
  • the right side is the physical image of the puncture-resistant injection needle of the present invention with the elastic protective cap and the syringe connector in a separated state after use.
  • FIG. 9 shows a physical view of the puncture-resistant injection needle (excluding the protective cover) with the elastic protective cap of the present invention before and after use.
  • the steel needle in addition to the link where the liquid must be inhaled through the needle, the steel needle is always in a shielded state in the subsequent injection and needle removal links, and the waste placement and disposal links after use. There is no hidden danger of stab wounds if the amplitude is large, and the purpose of preventing stab wounds is achieved.
  • FIG. 10 A fixed needle puncture-proof syringe as shown in Figure 10 was used as the experimental sample, with a specification of 1 mL (for the purpose of clearly photographing the steel needle, the protective cover was removed in advance).
  • the left side is the overall physical map
  • the right side is the partial enlarged physical map.
  • the left side is the physical image of the fixed needle puncture-proof syringe after use, and the right side is the partial enlarged physical image.
  • the steel needle is always in a shielded state in the subsequent injection and needle withdrawal links, as well as the waste placement and disposal links after use, even if the motion range is relatively large. There will be no hidden danger of stab wounds, and the purpose of preventing stab wounds has been achieved.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种配有弹力护帽（4）的防刺注射针及防刺注射器，包括弹力护帽（4）。使用该注射器完成注射后，通过简单操作即可使护帽（4）自动弹出遮蔽钢针（2）以达到防刺伤的目的。产品结构简单，容易制造和使用，且成本低。

Description

配有弹力护帽的防刺注射针及防刺注射器 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域，具体涉及配有弹力护帽的防刺注射针，以及可拆或者固定该注射针结构的防刺注射器。
背景技术
药剂注射是最常使用的医疗手段，注射器(通常配有注射针)则是使用率最高的医疗器械。在使用过程中，医护人员被注射针刺伤的情况时有发生，虽是轻微皮肉损伤，却极可能造成严重后果，如艾滋病、病毒性肝炎等疾病均可借此感染，因此医护人员期待防刺注射器的普及。
近年来，陆续出现了一些关于防刺注射器的专利技术或产品，通过完成注射后将钢针牵引或自动弹射入针筒内以达到防刺效果。此类注射器要求穿刺时针不回缩、不漏液，完成注射后又能滑动回缩，因此共性特点是结构复杂，制造工艺难度大，成本高。申请号201610675994.6的中国专利产品中，由多个滑件组成的防刺护套遮蔽钢针达到防刺效果，该产品克服了钢针纳入针筒防刺的部分不足，但结构更复杂，成本更高而且操作不方便。源于现有防刺注射器比普通注射器贵十几倍甚至几十倍的价格，目前我国防刺注射器的使用率很低，远低于已逐渐普及的部分发达国家。
有鉴于此，研制能够有效防刺且低成本的防刺注射器对该类产品的普及推广有着重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足和市场需求，本发明的目的主要在于提供一种防刺注射针及防刺注射器，配设有弹力护帽。使用本发明的注射器完成注射后，通过简单操作即可使护帽自动弹出遮蔽钢针以达到防刺伤的目的。产品结构简单，容易制造和使用，且成本低，非常有利于该类防刺注射器的推广普及。
基于同一发明构思，根据钢针可拆装与否，本发明的防刺注射器可分为两种类型：一是包含弹力护帽防刺注射针的防刺注射器；二是固定针防刺注射器。
以下将对上述两种类型的防刺注射器分别进行具体阐述。
<类型一>
作为一种具体且优选的实施方式，本发明首先提供一种弹力护帽防刺注射针，在装配到注射器上后，能够有效发挥防刺功能。并且，该防刺注射针可与现有绝大多数型号的注射器匹配使用。
具体来说，一种弹力护帽防刺注射针，包括彼此固定连接的针座和钢针，其特征在于：还包括套设于针座外的护帽；
护帽的顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有供钢针穿过的针孔；
护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧，护帽顶端通过弹簧与针座顶端连接；
护帽的尾端为开口端，且能够与针座尾端限位卡合；
前提是，当护帽尾端与针座尾端处于限位卡合状态时，弹簧被压缩，钢针穿过弹簧后穿出针孔；
当护帽尾端与针座尾端处于非限位卡合状态时，护帽在弹簧的弹力作用下自动弹出，将钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
在本发明的上述防刺注射针中，主要改进点体现在护帽的设置上。所述针座和钢针之间的固定连接可参照现有技术进行设计和实施，若因引入护帽而需要对针座和/或钢针的尺寸进行调整，这对本领域技术人员来说也是容易确定和操作的。在本发明中，所述护帽和针座的顶端均是指靠近钢针针头的一端，尾端则是指与之相对的另一端。
所述护帽套设于针座的外侧，当护帽尾端与针座尾端处于限位卡合状态时，优选护帽将针座整体遮蔽在内。
所述护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧以作为核心弹力构件。从产品稳定性和装配便利性考虑，优选弹簧是以与钢针同轴的方式设置。优选地，所述弹簧的两端分别与针座顶端和护帽顶端固定连接。容易理解的是，弹簧的长度设置应当足以确保在非限位卡合状态下将钢针完全遮蔽到护帽内。
从设计便利性和成本考虑，护帽尾端与针座尾端通过旋接实现限位卡合。在一种优选实施方式中，护帽尾端的内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹，针座尾端设置有侧翼，侧翼与内螺纹适配，可通过旋接实现限位卡合。
优选地，所述针座的上侧外沿设置有限位翼，侧翼与限位翼之间形成限位活动段。当限位卡合解除后，护帽尾端的内螺纹段滑动到限位活动段内，限位翼可起到阻挡作用，防止护帽与针座分离，进一步确保钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
优选地，所述针座的顶端设置有延长座，弹簧的一端与延长座固定套接。非限制性地，延长座外沿设置有卡棱，便于与弹簧连接。
任选地，本发明的弹力护帽防刺注射针还包括护盖，所述护盖套接在护帽顶端。作为一种优选实施方案，在限位卡合状态下，钢针穿出护帽，套接的护盖能够遮蔽外露的钢针。
任选地，在所述弹簧的外沿还设置有遮蔽管，以防止弹簧压缩状态下可能出现的左右偏移。所述遮蔽管的内径大于弹簧圈的外径，高度优选与延长座的高度相同，底端套在延长座底端部。
在知晓本发明的弹力护帽防刺注射针的上述构造后，如何制造所述注射针对本领域技术人员来说是容易确定的，可借鉴现有技术进行灵活选择，在此不做赘述。
本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的弹力护帽防刺注射针可以有两种初始备用状态：一种是护帽尾端与针座尾端处于限位卡合状态，弹簧被压缩，钢针穿出护帽顶端针孔，但被套接在护帽顶端的护盖遮蔽；另一种是护帽尾端与针座尾端处于非限位卡合状态，钢针整体遮蔽在护帽内(此时护盖可以有，也可以省去)。从使用便利性和更高的安全性考虑，优选前一种，即处于限位卡合状态时的注射针。
在知晓本发明的弹力护帽防刺注射针的构造后，以防止被钢针刺伤为目的，如何使用该注射针对本领域技术人员来说也是容易理解的。以初始备用状态为限位卡合状态的注射针为例：使用时，将针座与注射器接头拧紧，摘下护盖，按注射器常规操作注射，注射完成后，通过旋转护帽等方式解除限位卡合状态(此时在弹簧的弹力作用下护帽自动弹出，与注射处的皮肤相贴)，然后拨针；整个拔针过程中，由于弹簧持续的弹力作用，拔出的钢针始终被护帽遮蔽，直至钢针完全拔出。如此，达到了防止刺伤的目的。
相应地，本发明还提供一种防刺注射器，包含上述弹力护帽防刺注射针以及注射筒，所述注射针可拆卸地安装于注射筒的接头上。
<类型二>
作为另一种具体且优选的实施方式，本发明提供一种固定针防刺注射器。
具体而言，一种固定针防刺注射器，包括具有接头的注射筒、安装于接头上的钢针、以及护盖，其特征在于：还包括套设于接头外的护帽；
护帽的顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有供钢针穿过的针孔；
护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧，护帽顶端通过弹簧与接头顶端连接；
护帽的尾端为开口端，且能够与接头的尾部限位卡合；
前提是，当护帽尾端与接头尾部处于限位卡合状态时，弹簧处于压缩状态，钢针穿过弹簧后穿出护帽顶端的针孔，护盖套接在护帽顶端以遮蔽外露钢针；
当护帽尾端与接头尾部处于非限位卡合状态时，护帽在弹簧的弹力作用下弹出，将钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
在本发明的固定针防刺注射器中，主要改进点同样体现在护帽的设置上。具有接头的注射筒、安装于接头上的钢针、以及护盖的设置均可参照现有技术进行设计和实施；若因引入护帽而需要对接头和/或钢针的尺寸进行调整，这对本领域技术人员来说也是容易确定和操作的。与<类型一>中类似，所述护帽和接头的顶端均是指靠近钢针针头的一端，尾端则是指与之相对的另一端。
所述护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧以作为核心弹力构件。从产品稳定性和装配便利性考虑，优选弹簧是以与钢针同轴的方式设置。优选地，所述弹簧的两端分别与接头顶端和护帽顶端固定连接。容易理解的是，弹簧的长度设置应当足以确保在非限位卡合状态下将钢针完全遮蔽到护帽内。
从设计便利性和成本考虑，护帽尾端与接头尾部通过旋接实现限位卡合。在一种优选实施方式中，护帽尾端的内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹，接头尾部设置有外螺纹圈，外螺纹圈与内螺纹适配，可通过旋接实现限位卡合。
优选地，所述接头的上侧外沿设置有限位翼，外螺纹圈与限位翼之间形成限位活动段。当限位卡合解除后，护帽尾端的内螺纹段滑动到限位活动段内，限位翼可起到阻挡作用，防止护帽与接头分离，进一步确保钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
优选地，所述接头的顶端设置有延长座，弹簧的一端与延长座固定套接。非限制性地，延长座外沿设置有卡棱，便于与弹簧连接。
在知晓本发明的固定针防刺注射器的构造后，如何制造所述注射器对本领域技术人员来说是容易确定的，可借鉴现有技术进行灵活选择，在此不做赘述。
本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的固定针防刺注射器可以有两种初始备用状态：一种是护帽尾端与接头尾部处于限位卡合状态，弹簧被压缩，钢针穿出护帽顶端针孔，但被护盖遮蔽；另一种是护帽尾端与接头尾部处于非限位卡合状态，钢针整体遮蔽在护帽内(此时护盖可以有，也可以省去)。但从使用便利性和更高的安全性考虑，优选前一种，即处于限位卡合状态时的注射器。
同样，在知晓本发明的固定针防刺注射器的构造后，以防止被钢针刺伤为目的，如何使用该注射器对本领域技术人员来说也是容易理解的。以初始备用状态为限位卡合状态的注射器为例：使用时，摘下护盖，按固定针注射器常规操作注射，注射完成后，通过旋转护帽等方式解除限位卡合状态(此时在弹簧的弹力作用下护帽自动弹出，与注射处的皮肤相贴)，然后拨针；整个拔针过程中，由于弹簧持续的弹力作用，拔出的钢针始终被护帽遮蔽，直至钢针完全拔出。如此，达到了防止刺伤的目的。
<发明的技术效果>
尽管具体构造略有差异，但上述两种类型的整体发明构思相同。相比于现有技术，本发明的有益效果主要体现在：
(1)可根据操作习惯选用不同的初始备用状态，完成注射后可以很方便的解除限位卡合状态，使护帽自动弹出遮蔽钢针以达到防刺伤的目的；
(2)产品性能可靠，克服了现有防刺注射器钢针滑动的不足，而且结构简单，容易制造和使用，大幅度降低成本，易于推广；
(3)弹力护帽防刺注射针可与现有绝大多数型号的注射器匹配使用，操作简便；
(4)固定针防刺注射器结构简单小巧，特别适合用于疫苗注射、皮试针等小剂量注射。
附图说明
图1是实施例1所示弹力护帽防刺注射针(限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图2是实施例1所示弹力护帽防刺注射针(非限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图3是实施例2所示弹力护帽防刺注射针(非限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图4是实施例3所示固定针防刺注射器(限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图5是实施例3所示固定针防刺注射器(非限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图6是实施例4所示固定针防刺注射器(非限位卡合状态)的整体结构示意图；
图7是应用实施例1中配有本发明注射针的注射器使用前的实物图；
图8是应用实施例1中配有本发明注射针的注射器使用后的实物图；
图9是应用实施例1中本发明注射针使用前后的放大实物图；
图10是应用实施例2中所用实验样品使用前的实物图；
图11是应用实施例2中所用实验样品使用后的实物图。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步详细说明，但不应将其理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
实施例1
如图1所示，一种限位卡合状态下的弹力护帽防刺注射针，包括针座1、钢针2、护盖3和护帽4。
针座1和钢针2以常规方式固定连接。其中，针座1的尾端设置有凸起的侧翼11，顶端设置有延长座13，延长座13外沿设有凸起状的卡棱。
护帽4套设于针座1的外侧，其顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有针孔41。钢针2穿过针孔41，外露于护帽4。
护帽4的顶端内部设置有与钢针2同轴的弹簧5(图示为压缩状态)，弹簧5的一端与护帽4的顶端固定连接，另一端通过延长座13外沿上的卡棱与延长座13固定套接(通过卡棱将弹簧5的端部卡住)。
护帽4的尾端为开口端，其内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹42。内螺纹42与侧翼11适配。将护帽4沿顺时针方向旋转，内螺纹42与侧翼11位置锁定，由此护帽4与针座1处于限位卡合状态。
护盖3套接在护帽4的顶端，遮蔽住外露的钢针2。护帽4的顶端具有与护盖3套接部位适配的圆台台阶状结构，且具有与护盖3适配的卡槽(未图示出)。
显然，图1所示是本发明弹力护帽防刺注射针的一种典型的初始备用状态。使用时，将针座1与注射器接头拧紧，摘下护盖3，按注射器常规操作注射，注射完成后，逆时针旋转护帽4以解除限位卡合状态，然后拨针。在弹簧5的弹力作用下，整个拔针过程中拔出的钢针2始终被护帽4遮蔽，直至钢针2完全拔出，从而达到防止刺伤的目的。整个过程不但性能可靠，克服了现有防刺注射器钢针滑动的不足，而且结构简单，容易实施，大幅度降低了制造和使用成本。
图2所示为本发明弹力护帽防刺注射针非限位卡合状态下的整体结构示意图，也是图1所示注射针使用后的结构示意图。可以看到，钢针2被护帽4遮蔽，且由于弹簧5的固定连接作用，护帽4弹出时不会与针座1脱离。
实施例2
如图3所示，实施例2与实施例1的不同之处仅在于：针座1的上侧(延长座13的尾端)外沿设置有限位翼12，侧翼11与限位翼12之间形成限位活动段。解除限位卡合后，护帽4尾端的内螺纹段滑动到限位活动段内。受到限位翼12的阻挡，护帽4的内螺纹段不能穿过限位翼12，使护帽4不能与针座1分离，护帽4遮蔽钢针2，达到防刺伤的目的。
实施例3
如图4所示，一种限位卡合状态下的固定针防刺注射器，包括注射筒1、钢针2、护盖3和护帽4。
注射筒1具有接头10。接头10的顶端设置有延长座13，延长座13外沿设置有凸起状的卡棱；尾部设置有凸起的外螺纹圈11。
钢针2以常规方式安装于注射筒1的接头10上。
护帽4套设于接头10的外侧，其顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有针孔41。钢针2穿过针孔41，外露于护帽4。
护帽4的顶端内部设置有与钢针2同轴的弹簧5(图示为压缩状态)，弹簧5的一端与护帽4的顶端固定连接，另一端通过延长座13外沿上的卡棱与延长座13固定套接(通过卡棱将弹簧5的端部卡住)。
护帽4的尾端为开口端，其内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹42。内螺纹42与外螺纹圈11适配。通过将护帽4沿顺时针方向旋转，内螺纹42与外螺纹圈11位置锁定，由此护帽4与接头10处于限位卡合状态。
护盖3套接在护帽4的顶端，遮蔽住外露的钢针2。护帽4的顶端具有与护盖3套接部位适配的圆台台阶状结构，且具有与护盖3适配的卡槽(未图示出)。
显然，图4所示是本发明固定针防刺注射器的一种典型的初始备用状态。使用时，摘下护盖3，按注射器常规操作注射，注射完成后，逆时针旋转护帽4以解除限位卡合状态，然后拨针。在弹簧5的弹力作用下，整个拔针过程中拔出的钢针2始终被护帽4遮蔽，直至钢针2完全拔出，从而达到防止刺伤的目的。整个过程不但性能可靠，克服了现有防刺注射器钢针滑动的不足，而且结构简单，容易实施，大幅度降低了制造和使用成本。
图5所示为本发明固定针防刺注射器非限位卡合状态下的整体结构示意图，也是图4所示注射器使用后的结构示意图。可以看到，钢针2被护帽4遮蔽，且由于弹簧5的固定连接作用，护帽4弹出时不会与接头10脱离。
实施例4
如图6所示，实施例4与实施例3的不同之处仅在于：接头10的上侧(延长座13的尾端)外沿设置有限位翼12，外螺纹圈11与限位翼12之间形成限位活动段。解除限位卡合后，护帽4尾端的内螺纹段滑动到限位活动段内。受到限位翼12的阻挡，护帽4的内螺纹段不能穿过限位翼12，使护帽4不能与接头10分离，护帽4遮蔽钢针2，达到防刺伤的目的。
在了解本发明的产品的构造后，基于结构便能充分了解到本发明的技术效果及其性能优势。为了进一步验证发明效果，申请人使用实际产品进行了应用实验。
应用实施例1
1、实验地点：湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司生物医疗实验室。
2、实验样品
采用如图7所示的装配有本发明弹力护帽防刺注射针的注射器作为实验样品，规格为2.5mL。图中，左侧为带有护盖的样品实物图，右侧为已去除护盖的样品实物图。
3、实验对象：医学实验用兔子。
4、实验方法
1)将注射器的护盖去除，吸入实验药液；
2)将钢针穿刺于实验对象，进行常规注射操作；
3)注射完毕后，逆时针旋转护帽直至护帽与针座解除限位卡合状态(大概转三分之一圈)，此时在弹簧的弹力作用下护帽自动弹出，与实验对象注射处的皮肤相贴，随后拔针。整个拔针过程中，拔出的钢针始终被护帽遮蔽，直至钢针完全拔出。
5、实验结果
如图8所示，左侧为实验样品使用后的实物图，右侧为使用后本发明弹力护帽防刺注射针与注射器接头处于分离状态的实物图。
进一步地，图9给出了本发明弹力护帽防刺注射针(不包括护盖)使用前后的实物图。
使用本发明的弹力护帽防刺注射针，除了必须经由针头吸入药液的环节，在后续注射和拔针环节、以及使用后的废品放置和处理环节，钢针始终处于被遮蔽状态，即使动作幅度较大也不会有刺伤的隐患，达到了防止刺伤的目的。
应用实施例2
1、实验地点：湛江健力源医疗用品有限公司生物医疗实验室。
2、实验样品
采用如图10所示的固定针防刺注射器作为实验样品，规格为1mL(出于清晰拍摄钢针的目的，事先去除了护盖)。图中，左侧为整体实物图，右侧为局部放大实物图。
3、实验对象：医学实验用兔子。
4、实验方法
1)将固定针防刺注射器的护盖去除，吸入实验药液；
2)将固定针防刺注射器的钢针穿刺于实验对象，进行常规注射操作；
3)注射完毕后，逆时针旋转护帽直至护帽与接头解除限位卡合状态(大概转三分之一圈)，此时在弹簧的弹力作用下护帽自动弹出，与实验对象注射处的皮肤相贴，随后拔针。整个拔针过程中，拔出的钢针始终被护帽遮蔽，直至钢针完全拔出。
5、实验结果
如图11所示，左侧为固定针防刺注射器使用后的实物图，右侧为局部放大实物图。
使用本发明的固定针防刺注射器，除了必须经由针头吸入药液的环节，在后续注射和拔针环节、以及使用后的废品放置和处理环节，钢针始终处于被遮蔽状态，即使动作幅度较大也不会有刺伤的隐患，达到了防止刺伤的目的。
以上所述仅为本发明示例性的实施例。通过上述内容，本领域技术人员完全可以在不偏离本发明技术构思的基础上进行变更及修改。本发明的保护范围并不局限于上述实施例，而是以权利要求限定的范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种弹力护帽防刺注射针，包括彼此固定连接的针座和钢针，其特征在于：还包括套设于针座外的护帽；
    所述护帽的顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有供钢针穿过的针孔；
    所述护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧，护帽顶端通过弹簧与针座顶端连接；
    所述护帽的尾端为开口端，且能够与针座尾端限位卡合；
    当护帽尾端与针座尾端处于限位卡合状态时，弹簧被压缩，钢针穿过弹簧后穿出针孔；
    当护帽尾端与针座尾端处于非限位卡合状态时，护帽在弹簧的弹力作用下自动弹出，将钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述弹簧是以与钢针同轴的方式设置，且所述弹簧的两端分别与针座顶端及护帽顶端固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述护帽尾端与针座尾端通过旋接实现限位卡合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述护帽尾端的内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹，针座尾端设置有侧翼，侧翼与内螺纹适配，可通过旋接实现限位卡合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述针座的上侧外沿设置有限位翼，侧翼与限位翼之间形成限位活动段。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述针座的顶端设置有延长座，弹簧的一端与延长座固定套接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：所述延长座外沿设置有卡棱，便于与弹簧连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：还包括护盖，所述护盖套接在护帽顶端。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于：在所述弹簧的外沿设置有遮蔽管。
  10. 一种可拆针防刺注射器，包含权利要求1-9中任一项所述的弹力护帽防刺注射针，其特征在于，还包括注射筒，所述注射针可拆卸地安装于注射筒的接头上。
  11. 一种固定针防刺注射器，包括具有接头的注射筒、安装于接头上的钢针、以及护盖，其特征在于：还包括套设于接头外的护帽；
    护帽的顶端封闭，且在端面中心处设置有供钢针穿过的针孔；
    护帽的顶端内部设置有弹簧，护帽顶端通过弹簧与接头顶端连接；
    护帽的尾端为开口端，且能够与接头的尾部限位卡合；
    当护帽尾端与接头尾部处于限位卡合状态时，弹簧处于压缩状态，钢针穿过弹簧后穿出护帽顶端的针孔，护盖套接在护帽顶端以遮蔽外露钢针；
    当护帽尾端与接头尾部处于非限位卡合状态时，护帽在弹簧的弹力作用下弹出，将钢针遮蔽在护帽内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：所述弹簧是以与钢针同轴的方式设置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：所述弹簧的两端分别与接头顶端和护帽顶端固定连接。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：护帽尾端与接头尾部通过旋接实现限位卡合。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：护帽尾端的内沿设置有凸起的内螺纹，接头尾部设置有外螺纹圈，外螺纹圈与内螺纹适配，可通过旋接实现限位卡合。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：所述接头的上侧外沿设置有限位翼，外螺纹圈与限位翼之间形成限位活动段。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：所述接头的顶端设置有延长座，弹簧的一端与延长座固定套接。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的固定针防刺注射器，其特征在于：所述延长座的外沿设置有卡棱，便于与弹簧连接。
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