WO2021093471A1 - 一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台 - Google Patents

一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021093471A1
WO2021093471A1 PCT/CN2020/117608 CN2020117608W WO2021093471A1 WO 2021093471 A1 WO2021093471 A1 WO 2021093471A1 CN 2020117608 W CN2020117608 W CN 2020117608W WO 2021093471 A1 WO2021093471 A1 WO 2021093471A1
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Prior art keywords
parking space
parking
module
information
unit
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PCT/CN2020/117608
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张瑞峰
张瑞强
董戎萍
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苏州泊讯物联网技术有限公司
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
    • G08G1/145—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas where the indication depends on the parking areas
    • G08G1/148—Management of a network of parking areas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication

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  • the present invention relates to the technical field of smart transportation, in particular to a parking space detection system, method and smart parking platform.
  • the existing parking space detection schemes mainly include the following two:
  • the present invention provides a parking space detection system, method and smart parking platform, which has the advantages of low maintenance cost and high data accuracy, and solves the data accuracy of the existing parking space detection system used in the field of smart transportation.
  • the problem of low cost, high maintenance cost, and difficulty in large-scale promotion based on the above parking space detection system, the present invention provides a smart parking platform with the advantages of high parking efficiency, resource saving, reasonable and efficient operation mode, etc., which solves the existing technology Existing problems.
  • a parking space detection system including:
  • the parking space unit includes a power supply module, a dynamic monitoring module, a dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module, a state detection module, and a parking space MCU module connected in sequence;
  • the power supply module is used to provide power to the parking space unit;
  • the dynamic monitoring The module is used to monitor the movement of the vehicle;
  • the dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module is used to convert the detection signal of the dynamic monitoring module into digital information that can be processed by the single-chip microcomputer and send it to the parking MCU module;
  • the state detection module is used to detect the vehicle The state of the parking space after it has stopped and the vehicle has driven out;
  • the parking space MCU module is used to process the received digital information and send it;
  • a master control unit the master control unit includes a power supply module, an energy management module, a master control MCU module, and a communication module that are sequentially connected;
  • the energy management module is used to manage the power supply module and provide power to the master control unit and the parking unit;
  • the master control MCU module is used to fuse the received information processed by the MCU module of the parking space and determine the usage of the parking space according to the fused information;
  • the communication module is used to send the information processed by the master control MCU module to the data processing center.
  • a bus unit the bus unit is composed of multiple buses and bus communication modules, the bus connects the master control unit and a plurality of parking units, provides a link for the communication between the parking unit and the master control unit, and is an energy management module Provide a channel for transmitting power to the parking unit.
  • the parking space unit further includes a short-distance communication module, and the short-distance communication module is used to communicate with the user equipment.
  • the short-range communication module is a Bluetooth module or a WIFI module or a ZigBee module.
  • the power supply module may adopt a mains input mode or an energy collection mode or a combination of mains input and energy collection for power supply.
  • the power supply module includes an energy harvesting module, and the electrical energy obtained by the energy harvesting module is stored by the battery pack and provides electrical energy to the master control unit and the parking space unit.
  • the energy harvesting can be solar harvesting, wind energy harvesting, or thermal energy harvesting. Radio frequency energy collection or a combination of the above collection methods.
  • the dynamic monitoring module includes a dynamic detection sensor, and the dynamic detection sensor is a piezoelectric sensor, a switch sensor, or a pressure sensor.
  • the dynamic detection sensor is a piezoelectric sensor, a switch sensor, or a pressure sensor.
  • the state detection module includes a state sensor, and the state sensor is a geomagnetic sensor, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, or a radar sensor.
  • the present invention provides a parking space detection method, using the above parking space detection system, including the following steps:
  • the vehicle dynamic change signal is transmitted to the dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module through the bus.
  • the dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module converts the rolling signal into digital information that can be processed by the single-chip microcomputer. Send it to the parking space MCU module, the parking space MCU module will process the obtained parking space rolling information, and send it to the master control MCU module via the bus;
  • the master control MCU module integrates the received vehicle dynamic state and the static state information of the parking space, and uses the parking space judgment algorithm to determine the use of the parking space according to the fused information;
  • the master control MCU module sends the parking space usage information to the data processing center through the communication module.
  • the parking space decision algorithm includes the following steps:
  • the MCU module determines that the parking space is idle;
  • the MCU module determines that the parking space is occupied
  • the parking space decision algorithm fuses the dynamic information of the parking space and the adjacent parking space and the parking space status information for analysis and judgment.
  • a smart parking platform based on the above parking space detection system including:
  • the data collection unit is used to collect static information and parking dynamic information of an existing parking space, and the data collection unit includes:
  • the existing parking space database interface module is used to be compatible with the existing parking space database and collect static information of the parking space from the existing parking space database;
  • the intelligent parking lot data interface module is used to be compatible with the existing intelligent parking lot database and from the existing parking space database.
  • the parking dynamic information is collected in the intelligent parking lot database;
  • the parking space detection system is used to collect the parking dynamic information in the newly established parking system;
  • the data processing center analyzes the information provided by the data collection unit, including equipment information unit, real-time parking data unit, historical parking data unit and user information unit;
  • the equipment information unit is responsible for the management and maintenance of the data collection unit
  • the real-time parking data unit is responsible for the storage, management and maintenance of real-time parking data, responds to real-time data requests from users, and provides data to the historical parking data unit;
  • the historical parking data unit is responsible for analyzing historical data and storing analysis results, and responding to requests from users for historical data analysis results;
  • the user information unit is responsible for the storage, management, and maintenance of user information, responds to various requests from users, and parking meter charging; the user information includes charging information;
  • the user interface unit is used to realize the data transfer between the user information unit and various user terminals;
  • the user APP is used to send various requests to the data processing center and receive information feedback from the data processing center.
  • the present invention provides a parking space detection system and method, which has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention shares communication modules, energy management modules, power supply modules, etc. among multiple parking spaces, which reduces the system hardware cost, reduces the initial investment cost, and is conducive to large-scale promotion;
  • the present invention connects multiple parking space units through a bus, and determines the current parking space usage state by fusing adjacent parking space information, thereby improving the accuracy of parking space judgment;
  • the multiple parking space information transmission of the present invention is completed through one communication module, which reduces the operating cost of the system;
  • the present invention can use solar panels to provide power supply energy, and at the same time supply power to the master control unit and the parking space unit. By sharing solar energy, the system can achieve low-cost energy self-supply.
  • the present invention lays a variety of sensors in the parking space unit, uses a bus to connect multiple parking space units, and then uses the master control unit to merge the information to make a judgment, and judge the parking space information from multiple directions, which can effectively increase the parking space. The accuracy of the test results.
  • the present invention can guide users to quickly find parking spaces, greatly improve parking efficiency, reduce resource waste in parking, and greatly improve users' parking experience.
  • Figure 1 is an architecture diagram of the parking space detection system of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a sensor laying method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor laying method according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a sensor laying method according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sensor laying method according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a system structure diagram of the smart parking platform of the present invention.
  • the parking space detection system of the present invention includes a parking space unit, a master control unit, and a bus unit.
  • the parking space unit includes sequentially connected power modules, a dynamic detection sensor band composed of dynamic detection sensors, and a dynamic monitoring sensor signal.
  • the power module is used to provide power to the parking unit;
  • the dynamic detection sensor belt is composed of multiple dynamic detection sensors connected in parallel to collect rolling signals and obtain vehicles Dynamic change information, dynamic detection sensors can be piezoelectric sensors, switch sensors or pressure sensors; dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module is used to convert the rolling signal into digital information that can be processed by the single-chip microcomputer and send it to the parking MCU module;
  • the status sensor is connected to the parking space MCU module, and the collected parking space status signal is sent to the parking space MCU module.
  • the status sensor can be a geomagnetic sensor, an infrared sensor, an ultrasonic sensor or a radar sensor; the parking space MCU module processes the received vehicle dynamic change information and status information and Sent to the master control unit; the short-distance communication module is used to communicate with the parking APP in the user's mobile phone, bind the parking space and the owner after the vehicle is stopped, and provide accurate information for parking timing and subsequent charges.
  • the short-distance communication module can Use Bluetooth module or WIFI module or ZigBee module.
  • the master control unit includes a power supply module, an energy management module, a master control MCU module, and a communication module that are connected in sequence.
  • the power supply module can use the mains input mode or energy harvesting mode or a combination of mains input and energy harvesting for power supply.
  • the power supply module Including an energy harvesting module and a mains input module.
  • the electrical energy obtained by the energy harvesting module is stored in the battery pack and provides electrical energy to the main control unit and parking unit.
  • the energy harvesting can be solar energy harvesting, wind energy harvesting, thermal energy harvesting, or radio frequency energy harvesting or the above harvesting
  • the energy management module is used to manage mains access, energy harvesting modules and battery packs and to provide electrical energy to the master control unit and parking space unit.
  • the master control MCU module is used to process the received parking space MCU module.
  • the information is fused and the parking space usage is determined based on the fused information.
  • the communication module is used to send the information processed by the master control MCU module to the
  • a bus unit the bus unit is composed of multiple buses and bus communication modules, the bus connects the master control unit and a plurality of parking units, provides a link for the communication between the parking unit and the master control unit, and is an energy management module Provide a channel for transmitting power to the parking unit.
  • the status sensor of the present invention can be laid in the middle of the parking space or around the parking space. Each parking space needs to deploy at least one status sensor, or multiple status sensors can be deployed to detect the occupancy of the parking space.
  • the dynamic detection sensor belt is laid in the middle of multiple parking spaces.
  • the dynamic detection sensor belt can be a group (two left and right, covering the entire parking space as a group) sensor belt, or multiple groups of sensor belts, transmission
  • the specific position of the sensor belt can be adjusted and optimized according to requirements; the distance between the front and rear sensor belts of multiple groups of sensor belts can also be adjusted and optimized according to requirements.
  • the sensor deployment method adopted in this embodiment is: the state sensor is located in a vertical/inclined parking space or a roadside parallel parking space, a group of dynamic detection sensor strips are located in the parking space, and the two sensors are in the same position.
  • the parking space detection method of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the vehicle dynamic change signal is transmitted to the dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module through the bus.
  • the dynamic monitoring sensor signal processing module converts the vehicle dynamic signal into digital information that can be processed by the single-chip microcomputer and sends it to Parking space MCU module, the parking space MCU module processes the obtained parking space rolling information and sends it to the master control MCU module via the bus;
  • the parking space MCU module processes the acquired parking space status information and sends it to the master control MCU module via the bus;
  • the master control MCU module integrates the received vehicle dynamic state and the static state information of the parking space, and uses the parking space judgment algorithm to determine the use of the parking space according to the fused information;
  • the master control MCU module sends the parking space usage information to the data processing center through the communication module.
  • the parking space decision algorithm includes the following steps:
  • the MCU module determines that the parking space is idle;
  • the MCU module determines that the parking space is occupied
  • the parking space decision algorithm fuses the dynamic information of the parking space and the adjacent parking space and the parking space status information for analysis and judgment.
  • the sensor deployment method adopted in this embodiment is: the state sensor is located around a vertical/inclined parking space or a roadside parallel parking space, and a group of dynamic detection sensor strips are located in the parking space.
  • the parking space detection method of this embodiment It is the same as Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the sensor deployment method adopted in this embodiment is: multiple status sensors are located in vertical/inclined parking spaces or parallel parking spaces on the roadside, a group of dynamic detection sensor strips are located in the parking spaces, and the two sensors are in different positions. .
  • the parking space detection method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the sensor deployment method adopted in this embodiment is that the status sensor is located in a vertical/inclined parking space or a roadside parallel parking space, and multiple sets of dynamic detection sensor strips are located in the parking space.
  • the parking space detection method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the present invention detects the dynamic state of the vehicle entering or exiting the parking space through the dynamic detection sensor, and detects the static state of the parking space after the vehicle has stopped or exited through the state sensor, and judges the use of the parking space from multiple directions through dual detection ,
  • the use of scientific parking space judgment algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of parking space judgment, thereby improving the accuracy of data.
  • the smart parking system of the present invention includes: a data collection unit, a data processing center, a user interface unit and a user APP, among which:
  • the data collection unit mainly realizes the collection of static information (such as charges, free periods, etc.) and dynamic information (such as the number of free parking spaces, etc.) of parking, and uses different interface modules to realize the collection of existing data collection technologies and existing data systems.
  • static information such as charges, free periods, etc.
  • dynamic information such as the number of free parking spaces, etc.
  • the data collection unit mainly realizes the collection of static data collection technologies and existing data systems.
  • the existing parking space database interface module that is compatible with the existing parking space database and collects the static information of the parking space from the existing parking space database, and is used to be compatible with the existing intelligent parking lot database and from the existing intelligent parking
  • the intelligent parking lot data interface module that collects parking dynamic information in the parking lot database, and the data acquisition device used to collect the parking dynamic information of the newly established parking system.
  • the existing parking static information it is mainly collected through manual collection and the existing parking space database interface module.
  • the existing parking lot dynamic information For the collection of the existing parking lot dynamic information, it is mainly collected through the existing parking space database interface module and the intelligent parking lot data interface module.
  • parking dynamic information of non-smart parking lots, on-street parking spaces and newly-built parking lots it is collected by the parking space detection system of the present invention.
  • the data processing center is used to analyze the information provided by the data collection unit, including equipment information unit, real-time parking data unit, historical parking data unit, and user information unit.
  • the equipment information unit is responsible for the management and maintenance of the data collection unit.
  • the real-time parking data unit is responsible for the storage, management and maintenance of real-time parking data, and responds to real-time data requests from users.
  • the historical parking data unit is responsible for the analysis of historical data and the storage of analysis results, and responds to requests from users for historical data analysis results.
  • the user information unit is responsible for the storage, management and maintenance of user information (including charging information), responding to various requests from users and parking timing and charging.
  • the user interface unit is used to realize the data transfer between the user information unit and various user terminals.
  • the user APP is used to send various requests to the data processing center and receive information feedback from the data processing center.

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Abstract

一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台，涉及智慧交通领域。停车位检测系统包括车位单元、总控单元和总线单元，车位单元负责处理每个车位上的多种传感器检测到的信息并将这些信息通过总线单元传给总控单元，总控单元接收到各个车位单元的信息后对这些信息进行融合，并根据融合后的信息通过车位判决算法判决车位使用情况，然后通过通信模块将判决后的信息发送到数据处理中心，驾驶员和停车管理方可以通过相关的应用到数据处理中心获取这些数据信息，具有检测精度高，建设、施工和维护成本低等优点，且检测系统可以铺设于不同类型的停车场，适应性强。

Description

一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台 技术领域
本发明涉及智慧交通技术领域，具体为一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台。
背景技术
随着智慧交通的发展，智慧停车系统快速在各大城市中得到应用，以缓解城市的停车难问题，而停车位检测技术的水平直接关系到智慧停车的效果。现有的停车位检测方案主要有以下两种：
1、通过地磁、超声波、红外等静态停车位检测传感器检测每个停车位的占用状态并上传数据处理中心。这种方式的优点是采用电池供电，适用于所有类型停车场；缺点是地磁、超声波、红外等检测方式容易受到干扰(其他物品、金属物品等)，误差比较大，不规范停车会造成误判，如多个停车位被占用或者检测不到车辆，从而造成数据精确度不高，而且过高的运维成本导致无法大规模铺设这些停车位检测传感器。
2、通过摄像头停车位检测传感器分析停车场图像得出可用停车位数量，这种方式的优点是能够同时检测多个车位，数据相对精确；缺点是需要外部电源供电，适应性比较差，数据精确度容易受到天气影响，比如下雨、大雾等，由于需要传输图像和对图像分析，对传输系统和服务器的要求很高，相应的系统建设成本，流量费用和后期系统维护成本都很高，过高的成本和对外部电源的需求导致无法大规模铺设这些停车位检测传感器。
现有的大部分停车管理平台智能化水平较低，存在停车位信息孤岛的问题，容易使人们在停车过程中造成不必要的资源浪费和产生污染，如何建立智能的停车引导系统能把空闲车位信息收集处理并发送给司机，及时引导司机最有效的找到停车位，成为业内亟待解决的难题。
发明内容
(一)解决的技术问题
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种停车位检测系统、方法及智慧停车平台，具备维护成本低、数据精准度高等优点，解决了现有智慧交通领域所用停车位检测系统数据精确度低、维护成本高、难以大面积推广的问题；本发明基于上述停车位检测系统，提供了一种智慧停车平台，具备停车效率高、节约资源、运营方式合理高效等优点，解决了现有技术存在的问题。
(二)技术方案
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种停车位检测系统，包括：
车位单元，所述车位单元包括依次相连的电源模块、动态监测模块、动态监测传感信号处理模块，状态检测模块和车位MCU模块；所述电源模块用于给车位单元提供电源；所述动态监测模块用于监测车辆的移动；所述动态监测传感信号处理模块用于将动态监测模块的检测信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块；所述状态检测模块用于检测车辆停稳及车辆驶出后的车位状态；所述车位MCU模块用于处理接收的数字信息并发送；
总控单元，所述总控单元包括依次相连的供电模块、能量管理模块、总控MCU模块和通信模块；所述能量管理模块用于管理供电模块并给总控单元和车位单元提供电能；所述总控MCU模块用于将接收到的车位MCU模块处理后的信息进行融合并根据融合后的信息判决车位使用情况；所述通信模块用于将总控MCU模块处理后的信息发送到数据处理中心。
总线单元，所述总线单元由多条总线和总线通信模块组成，所述总线连接总控单元与多个车位单元，为车位单元和总控单元之间的通信提供链路，并为能量管理模块向车位单元传输电能提供通道。
进一步的，所述车位单元还包括短距离通信模块，所述短距离通信模块 用于与用户端设备进行通信。
优选的，所述短距离通信模块为蓝牙模块或WIFI模块或ZigBee模块。
优选的，所述供电模块可采用市电输入方式或能量采集方式或市电输入与能量采集相结合的方式进行供电。
优选的，所述供电模块包括能量采集模块，所述能量采集模块获得的电能经电池组存储并给总控单元和车位单元提供电能，所述能量采集可采用太阳能采集或风能采集或热能采集或射频能量采集或者上述采集方式相结合的方式。
优选的，所述动态监测模块包括动态检测传感器，动态检测传感器为压电类传感器或开关类传感器或压力类传感器。
优选的，所述状态检测模块包括状态传感器，所述状态传感器为地磁传感器或红外传感器或超声波传感器或雷达传感器。
本发明提供了一种停车位检测方法，利用上述停车位检测系统，包括如下步骤：
S1、通过动态检测传感器获取车辆动态变化信号，所述车辆动态变化信号通过总线传送至动态监测传感信号处理模块，动态监测传感信号处理模块将碾压信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位碾压信息进行处理，并通过总线发送给总控MCU模块；
S2、通过状态传感器获取停车位状态信号，所述状态信号通过总线传送至车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位状态信息进行处理，并通过总线发送给总控MCU模块；
S3、总控MCU模块将接收到的车辆动态状态和停车位的静态状态信息进行融合，并根据融合的信息通过车位判决算法判决车位使用情况；
S4、总控MCU模块将车位使用情况通过通信模块将信息发送到数据处理中心。
进一步的，所述车位判决算法包括如下步骤：
A.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的状态量变化小于阈值的最低值时，MCU模块判定该车位为空闲；
B.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的状态量变化大于阈值的最高值时，MCU模块判定该车位为占用；
C.当状态传感器检测到的状态量变化在阈值最高和最近值范围内时，车位判决算法融合本车位和相邻车位的动态信息和车位状态信息进行分析判断。
一种基于上述停车位检测系统的智慧停车平台，包括：
数据采集单元，用于采集已有停车位的静态信息和停车动态信息，所述数据采集单元包括：
已有车位数据库接口模块，用于与已有车位数据库兼容并从已有车位数据库中采集停车位的静态信息；智能停车场数据接口模块，用于与现有智能停车场数据库兼容并从现有智能停车场数据库中采集停车动态信息；停车位检测系统，用于采集新设停车系统中的停车动态信息；
数据处理中心，对数据采集单元提供的信息进行分析，包括设备信息单元、实时停车数据单元、历史停车数据单元和用户信息单元；
所述设备信息单元负责对数据采集单元的管理和维护；
所述实时停车数据单元负责实时停车数据的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的实时数据请求，提供数据给历史停车数据单元；
所述历史停车数据单元负责对历史数据的分析和分析结果的存储，响应来自用户对历史数据分析结果的请求；
所述用户信息单元负责用户信息的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的各种请求和停车计时计费；所述用户信息包括收费信息；
用户接口单元,用于实现用户信息单元与各类用户端之间的数据传递；
用户APP，用于向数据处理中心发送各种请求并接受数据处理中心反馈的信息。
(三)有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种停车位检测系统及方法，具备以下有益效果：
1、本发明将多个车位共享通信模块、能量管理模块、供电模块等，降低了的系统硬件成本，可减少前期投入成本，有利于大范围推广；
2、本发明将多个车位单元通过总线相联，通过融合相邻车位信息来判决当前车位使用状态，提高了车位判决的精度；
3、本发明的多个车位信息传输通过一个通信模块完成，降低了系统的运营成本；
4、本发明可采用太阳能板提供电源能量，同时给总控单元和车位单元供电，通过共享太阳能，让系统可以做到低成本实现能量自供给。
5、本发明通过在车位单元中铺设多种传感器，利用总线将多个车位单元连接起来，然后通过总控单元把信息融合进行判决，从多方位对停车位信息进行判断，可有效提高停车位检测结果的准确性。
6、本发明可引导用户快速找到停车位，大大提高了停车效率，减少了停车中的资源浪费，极大改善用户的停车体验。
附图说明
图1为本发明停车位检测系统架构图；
图2为本发明实施例1的传感器铺设方式示意图；
图3为本发明实施例2的传感器铺设方式示意图；
图4为本发明实施例3的传感器铺设方式示意图；
图5为本发明实施例4的传感器铺设方式示意图。
图6为本发明智慧停车平台的系统结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1，本发明的停车位检测系统，包括车位单元、总控单元和总线单元，车位单元包括依次相连的电源模块、由动态检测传感器组成的动态检测传感带、动态监测传感信号处理模块、车位MCU、状态检测传感器和短距离通信模块；电源模块用于给车位单元提供电源；动态检测传感带由多个动态检测传感器并行连接而成，用于采集碾压信号，获取车辆动态变化信息，动态检测传感器可采用压电类传感器或开关类传感器或压力类传感器；动态监测传感信号处理模块用于将碾压信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块；状态传感器与车位MCU模块连接，将采集的车位状态信号发送给车位MCU模块，状态传感器可采用地磁传感器或红外传感器或超声波传感器或雷达传感器；车位MCU模块处理接收的车辆动态变化信息和状态信息并发送给总控单元；短距离通信模块用于和用户端手机中的停车APP通信，在车辆停稳后将车位和车主绑定，为停车计时及后续的收费提供准确信息，短距离通信模块可采用蓝牙模块或WIFI模块或ZigBee模块。
总控单元包括依次相连的供电模块、能量管理模块、总控MCU模块和通信模块，供电模块可采用市电输入方式或能量采集方式或市电输入与能量采集相结合的方式进行供电，供电模块包括能量采集模块和市电输入模块，能量采集模块获得的电能经电池组存储并给总控单元和车位单元提供电能，能 量采集可采用太阳能采集或风能采集或热能采集或射频能量采集或者上述采集方式相结合的方式；能量管理模块用于管理市电接入、能量采集模块和电池组并给总控单元和车位单元提供电能，总控MCU模块用于将接收到的车位MCU模块处理后的信息进行融合并根据融合后的信息判决车位使用情况，通信模块用于将总控MCU模块处理后的信息发送到数据处理中心。
总线单元，所述总线单元由多条总线和总线通信模块组成，所述总线连接总控单元与多个车位单元，为车位单元和总控单元之间的通信提供链路，并为能量管理模块向车位单元传输电能提供通道。
本发明的状态传感器可以铺设在停车位中间，也可以铺设在停车位周围，每个停车位至少需要部署一个状态传感器，也可以部署多个，用于检测停车位的占用情况。动态检测传感带则铺设在多个停车位中间，动态检测传感带可以是一组(左右2条，覆盖整个停车位为一组)传感带，也可以是多组传感带，传感带的具体位置可以根据需求调整优化；多组传感带的前后两条传感带之间的距离也可以根据需求调整优化。
如图2所示，本实施例采用的传感器部署方式是：状态传感器位于垂直/倾斜车位或者路边平行停车位中，一组动态检测传感带位于车位中，两种传感器处于同一位置。
基于本发明的停车位检测系统，本发明的停车位检测方法，包括如下步骤：
S1、通过动态检测传感器获取车辆动态变化信号，车辆动态变化信号通过总线传送至动态监测传感信号处理模块，动态监测传感信号处理模块将车辆动态信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位碾压信息进行处理，并通过总线发送给总控MCU模块；
S2、通过状态传感器获取停车位状态信号，状态信号通过总线传送至车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位状态信息进行处理，并通过总线发 送给总控MCU模块；
S3、总控MCU模块将接收到的车辆动态状态和停车位的静态状态信息进行融合，并根据融合的信息通过车位判决算法判决车位使用情况；
S4、总控MCU模块将车位使用情况通过通信模块将信息发送到数据处理中心。
车位判决算法包括如下步骤：
A.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的状态量变化小于阈值的最低值时，MCU模块判定该车位为空闲；
B.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的状态量变化大于阈值的最高值时，MCU模块判定该车位为占用；
C.当状态传感器检测到的状态量变化在阈值最高和最近值范围内时，车位判决算法融合本车位和相邻车位的动态信息和车位状态信息进行分析判断。
实施例2
如图3所示，本实施例采用的传感器部署方式是：状态传感器位于垂直/倾斜车位或者路边平行停车位周围，一组动态检测传感带位于车位中，本实施例的停车位检测方法同实施例1，在此不再赘述。
实施例3
如图4所示，本实施例采用的传感器部署方式是：多个状态传感器位于垂直/倾斜车位或者路边平行停车位中，一组动态检测传感带位于车位中，两种传感器处于不同位置。本实施例的停车位检测方法同实施例1，在此不再赘述。
实施例4
如图5所示，本实施例采用的传感器部署方式是：状态传感器位于垂直/倾斜车位或者路边平行停车位中，多组动态检测传感带位于车位中。本实施 例的停车位检测方法同实施例1，在此不再赘述。
本发明通过动态检测传感器检测车辆驶入或者驶出停车位的动态状态，通过状态传感器检测车辆停稳或者驶出之后的停车位的静态状态，通过双重检测，从多方位判断停车位的使用情况，采用科学的车位判决算法，可有效提高车位判断的准确性，从而提高数据的精确性。
参阅图6，本发明的智慧停车系统包括：数据采集单元、数据处理中心、用户接口单元和用户APP，其中：
数据采集单元主要实现对停车的静态信息(如收费、免费时段等)和动态信息(如空闲车位数量等)的采集，利用不同的接口模块实现对现有的数据采集技术和已有数据系统的兼容，主要包括：用于与已有车位数据库兼容并从已有车位数据库中采集停车位静态信息的已有车位数据库接口模块，以及用于与现有智能停车场数据库兼容并从现有智能停车场数据库中采集停车动态信息的智能停车场数据接口模块，以及用于采集新设停车系统中的停车动态信息的数据采集装置。对于现有停车静态信息的采集，主要通过人工采集和已有车位数据库接口模块采集，对于现有停车场动态信息的采集，主要通过已有车位数据库接口模块和智能停车场数据接口模块进行采集，对于非智能停车场、路边停车位和新建停车场停车动态信息的采集，则通过本发明的停车位检测系统进行采集。
数据处理中心用于对数据采集单元提供的信息进行分析，包括设备信息单元、实时停车数据单元、历史停车数据单元、用户信息单元。
设备信息单元负责对数据采集单元的管理和维护。
实时停车数据单元负责实时停车数据的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的实时数据请求。
历史停车数据单元负责对历史数据的分析和分析结果的存储，响应来自用户对历史数据分析结果的请求。
用户信息单元负责用户信息(包括收费信息)的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的各种请求和停车计时计费。
用户接口单元,用于实现用户信息单元与各类用户端之间的数据传递。
用户APP，用于向数据处理中心发送各种请求并接受数据处理中心反馈的信息。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种停车位检测系统，其特征在于，包括：
    车位单元，所述车位单元包括依次相连的电源模块、动态监测模块、动态监测传感信号处理模块，状态检测模块和车位MCU模块；所述电源模块用于给车位单元提供电源；所述动态监测模块用于监测车辆的移动；所述动态监测传感信号处理模块用于将动态监测模块的检测信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块；所述状态检测模块用于检测车辆停稳及车辆驶出后的车位状态；所述车位MCU模块用于处理接收的数字信息并发送；
    总控单元，所述总控单元包括依次相连的供电模块、能量管理模块、总控MCU模块和通信模块；所述能量管理模块用于管理供电模块并给总控单元和车位单元提供电能；所述总控MCU模块用于将接收到的车位MCU模块处理后的信息进行融合并根据融合后的信息判决车位使用情况；所述通信模块用于将总控MCU模块处理后的信息发送到数据处理中心。
    总线单元，所述总线单元由多条总线和总线通信模块组成，所述总线连接总控单元与多个车位单元，为车位单元和总控单元之间的通信提供链路，并为能量管理模块向车位单元传输电能提供通道。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述车位单元还包括短距离通信模块，所述短距离通信模块用于与用户端设备进行通信。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述短距离通信模块为蓝牙模块或WIFI模块或ZigBee模块。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述供电模块可采用市电输入方式或能量采集方式或市电输入与能量采集相结合的方式进行供电。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述供电模块包括能量采集模块，所述能量采集模块获得的电能经电池组存储并给总控单元 和车位单元提供电能，所述能量采集可采用太阳能采集或风能采集或热能采集或射频能量采集或者上述采集方式相结合的方式。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述动态监测模块包括动态检测传感器，所述动态检测传感器为压电类传感器或开关类传感器或压力类传感器。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于：所述状态检测模块包括状态传感器，所述状态传感器为地磁传感器或红外传感器或超声波传感器或雷达传感器或者上述不同类传感器相结合的方式。
  8. 一种停车位检测方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    S1、通过动态检测传感器获取车辆动态变化信号，所述车辆动态变化信号通过总线传送至动态监测传感信号处理模块，动态监测传感信号处理模块将碾压信号转换为单片机可以处理的数字信息并发送给车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位碾压信息进行处理，并通过总线发送给总控MCU模块；
    S2、通过状态传感器获取停车位状态信号，所述状态信号通过总线传送至车位MCU模块，车位MCU模块将获取的车位状态信息进行处理，并通过总线发送给总控MCU模块；
    S3、总控MCU模块将接收到的车辆动态状态和停车位的静态状态信息进行融合，并根据融合的信息通过车位判决算法判决车位使用情况；
    S4、总控MCU模块将车位使用情况通过通信模块将信息发送到数据处理中心。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的一种停车位检测方法，其特征在于，所述车位判决算法包括如下步骤：
    A.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的状态量变化小于阈值的最低值时，MCU模块判定该车位为空闲；
    B.当该车位检测到车辆动态信息并且车位对应的状态传感器检测到的 状态量变化大于阈值的最高值时，MCU模块判定该车位为占用；
    C.当状态传感器检测到的状态量变化在阈值最高和最近值范围内时，车位判决算法融合本车位和相邻车位的动态信息和车位状态信息进行分析判断。
  10. 一种智慧停车平台，包括如权利要求1-7所述的停车位检测系统，其特征在于，还包括：
    数据采集单元，用于采集已有停车位的静态信息和停车动态信息，所述数据采集单元包括：
    已有车位数据库接口模块，用于与已有车位数据库兼容并从已有车位数据库中采集停车位的静态信息；智能停车场数据接口模块，用于与现有智能停车场数据库兼容并从现有智能停车场数据库中采集停车动态信息；停车位检测系统，用于采集新设停车系统中的停车动态信息；
    数据处理中心，对数据采集单元提供的信息进行分析，包括设备信息单元、实时停车数据单元、历史停车数据单元和用户信息单元；
    所述设备信息单元负责对数据采集单元的管理和维护；
    所述实时停车数据单元负责实时停车数据的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的实时数据请求，提供数据给历史停车数据单元；
    所述历史停车数据单元负责对历史数据的分析和分析结果的存储，响应来自用户对历史数据分析结果的请求；
    所述用户信息单元负责用户信息的存储、管理和维护，响应来自用户的各种请求和停车计时计费；所述用户信息包括收费信息；
    用户接口单元,用于实现用户信息单元与各类用户端之间的数据传递；
    用户APP，用于向数据处理中心发送各种请求并接受数据处理中心反馈的信息。
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