WO2021089898A1 - Antibacterial, insect-repellent, aromatised filament with viricidal properties for 3d printers - Google Patents

Antibacterial, insect-repellent, aromatised filament with viricidal properties for 3d printers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021089898A1
WO2021089898A1 PCT/ES2020/070677 ES2020070677W WO2021089898A1 WO 2021089898 A1 WO2021089898 A1 WO 2021089898A1 ES 2020070677 W ES2020070677 W ES 2020070677W WO 2021089898 A1 WO2021089898 A1 WO 2021089898A1
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Prior art keywords
filament
antibacterial
thermoplastic
tpu
printers
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PCT/ES2020/070677
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Enrique OÑATE MOLINA
Pedro María ALONSO PÉREZ
Original Assignee
Onate Molina Enrique
Alonso Perez Pedro Maria
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Publication date
Priority claimed from ES201931819U external-priority patent/ES1245650Y/en
Priority claimed from ES202031871U external-priority patent/ES1256211Y/en
Application filed by Onate Molina Enrique, Alonso Perez Pedro Maria filed Critical Onate Molina Enrique
Publication of WO2021089898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021089898A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • ANTIBACTERIAL FILAMENT INSECT REPELLENT. AROMATIZED AND VIRUCIATED CAPACITY FOR 3D PRINTERS
  • the object of this utility model is a filament for 3D printers made from different polymers and elastomers such as polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or other elastomers (TPE s ), which is used essentially for the printing of three-dimensional figures or objects in printers designed for such use, the composition of which makes it possible to provide the materials with antibacterial, insect repellent and flavored properties.
  • PVA polylactic acid
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
  • TPE s elastomers
  • the present invention relates to a filament with virucidal capacity and antibacterial properties for use in three-dimensional printers.
  • the filament of the invention makes it possible to print three-dimensional figures or objects in printers designed for such use, so that the object obtained has virucidal and antibacterial properties.
  • the applicant knows a multitude of solutions related to the printing of three-dimensional objects, an example of this is the European patent EP 1015215 that defines a method to carry out prototyping of solid models where the data corresponding to the desired shape of a prototype are transmitted to a rapid prototyping system.
  • the system calculates a sequence to extrude flowable material that is thermally solidified to create a desired geometric shape.
  • a heated, fluid modeling material is sequentially extruded at its deposition temperature into a building environment that maintains the volume close to the newly deposited material in a deposition temperature window between the material's solidification temperature and its yield point.
  • the newly extruded material gradually cools below its solidification temperature, while maintaining the temperature gradients in the geometric shape below a maximum value set by the geometric precision of the desired part.
  • European patent EP 1087862 defines a rapid prototyping system with control of the filament feed spool, where a spool of filament used in a rapid prototyping system carries a circuit that maintains data on the type and quantity of filament in The reel. And where, when the reel is mounted on a shaft in the rapid prototyping system, the circuit is connected to the electronic control of the system. Subsequently, the data indicating the amount of filament on the spool is updated as the system uses the filament. And finally, the filament spool has a central cylinder in which the filament can be wound and a sleeve inside the cylinder to receive the shaft, the circuit is mounted on the sleeve.
  • the European patent EP 1497093 describes a prototype injection molding system, where a method and an apparatus for making a prototype of an injection molded part are described. And where, an extruder of the type used for melt deposition modeling injects production thermoplastic material into a non-conductive plastic mold tool slowly heated at low pressure in an isothermal process.
  • the mold tool can be constructed from a CAD drawing using fused deposition modeling or other rapid prototyping technique.
  • an engineer in an office environment can make an injection molded prototype part from a digital representation of the part within 24 hours.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide antibacterial, insect repellent and flavored properties to three-dimensionally printed objects.
  • the filament for 3D printers object of this utility model, is characterized by comprising a body materialized with a polylactic acid or polyacid lactic acid (PLA) and / or Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or other thermoplastic elastomers (TPE s, Abs ), which will provide the body shaped by 3D printing with antibacterial, aromatic and insect repellent properties.
  • PLA polylactic acid or polyacid lactic acid
  • TPU Thermoplastic Polyurethane
  • TPE s, Abs thermoplastic elastomers
  • thermoplastic polyurethane TPU
  • biodegradability barrier properties
  • biocompatibility a biocompatibility of polyurethane
  • This biopolymer finds numerous applications since it has an unusual wide range of properties, from the amorphous state to the crystalline state; properties that can be achieved by manipulating mixtures between the D (-) and L (+) isomers, molecular weights, and copolymerization.
  • Polylactic acid is a biodegradable polymer derived from lactic acid. It is a highly versatile material, which is made from 100% renewable resources, such as corn, beets, wheat and other products rich in starch. This acid has many equivalent and even better characteristics than many petroleum-based plastics, making it effective for a wide variety of uses.
  • the filament of the present invention is provided with virucidal and antibacterial properties in order to enable objects printed three-dimensionally from said filament to also offer virucidal and antibacterial capacity.
  • the filament for 3D printers object of this utility model is materialized by a body of a thermoplastic compound based on silver ions
  • the thermoplastic compound is constituted by a polylactic acid (PLA), a copolymer that combines the properties of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and those of glycol (PET-G) , a polypropylene (PP), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) or a mixture of them.
  • thermoplastic body enables its virucidal capacity, as has been proven in the tests carried out and which are set out in the section on the preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • silver ions are known for their biocidal character.
  • silver ions act on the free radicals of the viral molecules, specifically SARS molecules, acting on the disulfide bridges that join the free radicals to the SARS molecule and causing the denaturation of the molecules and, therefore , its infectivity.
  • the plastic compound of the filament of the present invention is necessarily constituted by a thermoplastic compound that prevents the addition of silver ions from vitrifying them on the surface of the polymer and therefore their migration towards the virus is viable for its infectivity.
  • the body of the filament is a thermoplastic, it can be produced by extrusion.
  • the presence of silver ions in said plastic compound enables the silver ions of the filament to migrate towards the SARS viral molecule in the presence of ambient humidity.
  • the use of the filament of the present invention in three-dimensional printing makes it possible to provide the shaped body with virucidal and antibacterial properties.
  • the body of the filament is made up of a thermoplastic compound that has a saturation of silver ions in a range between 3% and 9%.
  • polylactic acid is a biodegradable polymer derived from lactic acid. It is a highly versatile material, which is manufactured from resources 100% renewable, such as corn, beets, wheat and other starch-rich products. This acid has many equivalent and even better characteristics than many petroleum-based plastics, making it effective for a wide variety of uses.
  • polypropylene it should be noted that it is one of the most used plastic materials, along with polyethylene terephthalate. It is a thermoplastic, partially crystalline polymer that is obtained from the polymerization of propylene (or propene). Its uses range from textiles and packaging to medical devices, laboratory equipment or automotive components.
  • the thermoplastic compound that integrates the virucidal and antibacterial filament of the present invention is polylactic acid and / or polypropylene
  • the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity obtained will be, additionally, biodegradable, with barrier and biocompatible properties.
  • the biopolymer made up of polylactic acid and / or polypropylene finds numerous applications, since it has an unusual wide range of properties, from the amorphous state to the crystalline state; properties that can be achieved by manipulating mixtures between the D (-) and L (+) isomers, molecular weights, and copolymerization.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane is one of the existing varieties of polyurethanes. It is a linear elastomeric polymer and therefore thermoplastic. This elastomer can be shaped by the usual processes for thermoplastics, such as injection, extrusion and blow molding. As a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, it is abbreviated TPU.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane is characterized by its high resistance to abrasion, oxygen, ozone and low temperatures. This combination of properties makes thermoplastic polyurethane an engineering plastic; for this reason, it is used in special applications.
  • the antibacterial and virucidal filament of the invention optionally includes a universal polymeric resin which is introduced as an additive that is compatible with the thermoplastic compound.
  • the resin Polymeric universal facilitates the polymerization within an extrasolar chamber and subsequent migration to the surface of the silver ions to generate the virucidal and antibacterial capacity of the filament of the present invention.
  • the detailed filament allows three-dimensional printing of figures with virucidal and antibacterial properties, avoiding having to carry out subsequent processes and / or procedures that provide these characteristics, which increase the cost of the final product, and reduce profitability compared to the elements. materialized with the filament recommended here.
  • the solution provided in the present invention offers a configuration of the filament with virucidal capacity that does not differ from the filaments known in the state of the art in terms of weight or size, but does present virucidal and antibacterial properties that gives an appreciable advantage in its use
  • Figure 1.- Shows a schematic side view of the filament according to a preferred embodiment of the object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a graph of the results tested to verify the behavior of different samples of the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity of the present invention.
  • the filament for 3D printers object of the present invention is characterized by comprising a body (1) made entirely of polylactic acid (PLA) and / or thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU / TPE), which in addition to the intrinsic characteristics of this biodegradable, hydrophilic and low flammability polymer, in the first case (PLA), and flexibility and durability, in the second case (TPU / TPE), it has antibacterial, aromatic and insect repellent properties.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • TPU / TPE thermoplastic polyurethanes
  • the filament recommended here will not differ from the filaments present in the state of the art, in terms of weight or size, but in terms of the configuration of the properties (antibacterial, anti-repellent and flavored). , which will cause an appreciable advantage in its use.
  • the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity for three-dimensional printers is made up of a body (1) which is made entirely of polylactic acid (PLA), a copolymer that combines PET and glycol (PET -G), a polypropylene (PP), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), elastomers thermoplastics (TPE) or a mixture of them.
  • PLA polylactic acid
  • PET -G copolymer that combines PET and glycol
  • PP polypropylene
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • TPE thermoplastics
  • the aforementioned PLA and PP thermoplastics provide associated intrinsic characteristics as they are biodegradable, hydrophilic and low flammability polymers
  • TPU and TPE thermoplastics provide flexibility and durability.
  • the impregnation of the body of the thermoplastic compound with biocidal and antibacterial substances based on silver ions endow the filament with the ability to destroy, counteract and / or neutralize the inhibition of its growth or proliferation of viruses, bacterial agents, fungi and microorganisms harmful to the human being, without incurring damage to the object, environment or organism that carries it.
  • the silver ions present in the filament of the invention act at the level of the cell membrane of the microorganism they attack, causing the lysis of the protein wall of the microorganism and penetrating inside it, interrupting the biochemical reactions that sustain its life. .
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • samples (C) and (D) are made up of a thermoplastic compound which is saturated with silver ions.
  • the procedure carried out consisted of incubating each of the aforementioned samples (A), (B), (C) and (D) with 200 ml_ of a coronavirus causative agent of the common cold in humans called HCoV-229E at 1,000 uff (focus-forming units) per ml_ (200 uff / sample) for 4 hours of exposure at room temperature.
  • Figure 2 shows the results obtained from the detailed test, where the ordinate axis collects the mean and standard deviation values of the infectivity percentages obtained for each of the samples (A), (B), (C) and (D ) represented on the abscissa axis.
  • the blank shows complete infectivity and the sample (B) - which does not contain silver ions - shows some infectivity due to the principle of contamination that takes place during the test.
  • samples (C) and (D) which are made up of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with silver ions, reduce the infectivity of the coronavirus after its co-incubation with respect to the control.
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • sample (C) offers higher infectivity. Specifically, the infectivity of the coronavirus incubated with the sample (C) was only 22.7% compared to the control. In other words, sample (C) reduced the infectivity of the coronavirus by 77.3%.
  • the body of the filament is made up of a thermoplastic compound that has a saturation of silver ions with a percentage of 6%.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an aromatised filament with antibacterial and insect-repellent properties for 3D printers that optionally also exhibits viricidal capabilities. Thus, the body of the filament comprises a polymer selected from amongst poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or other elastomers (TPEs), along with antibacterial components. Optionally, the body of the filament comprises a silver ion-based thermoplastic compound to confer viricidal and antibacterial properties thereon, whereby the thermoplastic compound comprises PLA, PET-G, PP, TPU, TPE or a mixture thereof.

Description

FILAMENTO ANTIBACTERIANO. REPELENTE DE INSECTOS. AROMATIZADO Y CON CAPACIDAD VIRUCIDA PARA IMPRESORAS 3D
Figure imgf000002_0001
ANTIBACTERIAL FILAMENT. INSECT REPELLENT. AROMATIZED AND VIRUCIATED CAPACITY FOR 3D PRINTERS
Figure imgf000002_0001
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
El objeto del presente modelo de utilidad es un filamento para impresoras 3D fabricado a base de diferentes polímeros y elastómeros tales como el ácido poliláctico (PLA), el poliuretano termoplástico (TPU), el acrilonitrilo butadieno estireno (ABS) u otros elastómeros (TPE s), que se utiliza esencialmente para la impresión de figuras u objetos de forma tridimensional en impresoras diseñadas para tal uso, cuya composición permite dotar a los materiales de propiedades antibacterianas, repelentes de insectos y aromatizadas. The object of this utility model is a filament for 3D printers made from different polymers and elastomers such as polylactic acid (PLA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) or other elastomers (TPE s ), which is used essentially for the printing of three-dimensional figures or objects in printers designed for such use, the composition of which makes it possible to provide the materials with antibacterial, insect repellent and flavored properties.
Adicionalmente, la presente invención se refiere a un filamento con capacidad virucida y propiedades antibacterianas para su utilización en impresoras tridimensionales. Additionally, the present invention relates to a filament with virucidal capacity and antibacterial properties for use in three-dimensional printers.
Concretamente, el filamento de la invención posibilita la impresión de figuras u objetos de forma tridimensional en impresoras diseñadas para tal uso, de forma que el objeto obtenido presente propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas. Specifically, the filament of the invention makes it possible to print three-dimensional figures or objects in printers designed for such use, so that the object obtained has virucidal and antibacterial properties.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
En el estado de la técnica, el solicitante conoce multitud de soluciones ligadas a la impresión de objetos tridimensionales, ejemplo de ello, es la patente europea EP 1015215 que define un método para realizar prototipados de modelos sólidos donde los datos correspondientes a la forma deseada de un prototipo se transmiten a un sistema de creación rápida de prototipos. Donde, el sistema calcula una secuencia para extruir material fluido que se solidifica térmicamente para crear una forma geométrica deseada. Posteriormente, un material de modelado fluido y calentado se extruye secuencialmente a su temperatura de deposición en un entorno de construcción que mantiene el volumen cerca del material recién depositado en una ventana de temperatura de deposición entre la temperatura de solidificación del material y su temperatura de fluencia. Y donde finalmente, el material recién extruido se enfría gradualmente por debajo de su temperatura de solidificación, mientras se mantienen los gradientes de temperatura en la forma geométrica por debajo de un valor máximo establecido por la precisión geométrica de la parte deseada. In the state of the art, the applicant knows a multitude of solutions related to the printing of three-dimensional objects, an example of this is the European patent EP 1015215 that defines a method to carry out prototyping of solid models where the data corresponding to the desired shape of a prototype are transmitted to a rapid prototyping system. Where, the system calculates a sequence to extrude flowable material that is thermally solidified to create a desired geometric shape. Subsequently, a heated, fluid modeling material is sequentially extruded at its deposition temperature into a building environment that maintains the volume close to the newly deposited material in a deposition temperature window between the material's solidification temperature and its yield point. . And where finally, the newly extruded material gradually cools below its solidification temperature, while maintaining the temperature gradients in the geometric shape below a maximum value set by the geometric precision of the desired part.
La patente europea EP 1087862, define un sistema de prototipado rápido con control de la bobina de alimentación de los filamentos, donde un carrete de filamento utilizado en un sistema de prototipado rápido lleva un circuito que mantiene datos sobre el tipo y la cantidad de filamento en el carrete. Y donde, cuando el carrete se monta sobre un eje en el sistema de creación rápida de prototipos, el circuito está conectado al control electrónico del sistema. Posteriormente, los datos que indican la cantidad de filamento en el carrete se actualizan a medida que el sistema utiliza el filamento. Y finalmente, el carrete de filamento tiene un cilindro central en el cual se puede enrollar el filamento y un manguito dentro del cilindro para recibir el eje, el circuito está montado en el manguito. European patent EP 1087862, defines a rapid prototyping system with control of the filament feed spool, where a spool of filament used in a rapid prototyping system carries a circuit that maintains data on the type and quantity of filament in The reel. And where, when the reel is mounted on a shaft in the rapid prototyping system, the circuit is connected to the electronic control of the system. Subsequently, the data indicating the amount of filament on the spool is updated as the system uses the filament. And finally, the filament spool has a central cylinder in which the filament can be wound and a sleeve inside the cylinder to receive the shaft, the circuit is mounted on the sleeve.
Finalmente, la patente europea EP 1497093, describe un sistema de moldeo de prototipos por inyección, donde se describe un método y un aparato para hacer un prototipo de pieza moldeada por inyección. Y donde, un extrusor del tipo utilizado para el modelado por deposición fundida inyecta material termoplástico de producción en una herramienta de molde de plástico no conductora calentada lentamente a baja presión en un proceso isotérmico. La herramienta de moldeo puede construirse a partir de un dibujo CAD mediante modelado por deposición fundida u otra técnica de prototipado rápido. Usando la presente invención, un ingeniero en un entorno de oficina puede hacer una pieza prototipo moldeada por inyección a partir de una representación digital de la pieza dentro de las 24 horas. Finally, the European patent EP 1497093, describes a prototype injection molding system, where a method and an apparatus for making a prototype of an injection molded part are described. And where, an extruder of the type used for melt deposition modeling injects production thermoplastic material into a non-conductive plastic mold tool slowly heated at low pressure in an isothermal process. The mold tool can be constructed from a CAD drawing using fused deposition modeling or other rapid prototyping technique. Using the present invention, an engineer in an office environment can make an injection molded prototype part from a digital representation of the part within 24 hours.
Actualmente, la presencia del coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ha generado una notable incertidumbre en muchos sectores que provoca la necesidad de ofrecer elementos y/o materiales que minimicen la inseguridad y posibles contagios que podría provocar la presencia del coronavirus, el cual se mantiene activo durante horas en diversas superficies. Currently, the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has generated considerable uncertainty in many sectors that causes the need to offer elements and / or materials that minimize insecurity and possible contagions that the presence of the coronavirus could cause, which remains active for hours on various surfaces.
Es por ello, que el solicitante del presente modelo de utilidad, conociendo multitud de soluciones asociadas a la impresión de objetos tridimensionales, detecta la necesidad de ofrecer un filamento para su uso en impresoras tridimensionales provisto de propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas que faciliten su uso en los entornos descritos. That is why the applicant of the present utility model, knowing a multitude of solutions associated with the printing of three-dimensional objects, detects the need to offer a filament for use in three-dimensional printers provided with virucidal and antibacterial properties that facilitate its use in the described environments.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN El problema técnico que resuelve la presente invención, es dotar de propiedades antibacterianas, de repelente de insectos y aromatizado a los objetos impresos tridimensionalmente. Para ello, el filamento para impresoras 3D, objeto del presente modelo de utilidad, está caracterizado por comprender un cuerpo materializado con un ácido poliláctico o poliácido láctico (PLA) y/o Poliuretano Termoplástico (TPU) u otros elastómeros termoplásticos (TPE s, Abs), que conseguirá dotar al cuerpo conformado mediante impresión 3D de unas propiedades antibacterianas, aromáticas y de repelente de insectos. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide antibacterial, insect repellent and flavored properties to three-dimensionally printed objects. For this, the filament for 3D printers, object of this utility model, is characterized by comprising a body materialized with a polylactic acid or polyacid lactic acid (PLA) and / or Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) or other thermoplastic elastomers (TPE s, Abs ), which will provide the body shaped by 3D printing with antibacterial, aromatic and insect repellent properties.
Su fabricación en ácido poliláctico dotará, además, al objeto de unas propiedades únicas que no se consiguen en la impresión 3D mediante poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) como son su biodegradabilidad, propiedades de barrera y biocompatibilidad; éste biopolímero encuentra numerosas aplicaciones ya que presenta un amplio rango inusual de propiedades, desde el estado amorfo hasta el estado cristalino; propiedades que pueden lograrse manipulando las mezclas entre los isómeros D(-) y L(+), los pesos moleculares, y la copolimerización. Its manufacture in polylactic acid will also provide the object with unique properties that are not achieved in 3D printing using thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), such as its biodegradability, barrier properties and biocompatibility; This biopolymer finds numerous applications since it has an unusual wide range of properties, from the amorphous state to the crystalline state; properties that can be achieved by manipulating mixtures between the D (-) and L (+) isomers, molecular weights, and copolymerization.
El ácido poliláctico es un polímero biodegradable derivado del ácido láctico. Es un material altamente versátil, que se hace a partir de recursos renovables al 100%, como son la maíz, la remolacha, el trigo y otros productos ricos en almidón. Este ácido tiene muchas características equivalentes e incluso mejores que muchos plásticos derivados del petróleo, lo que hace que sea eficaz para una gran variedad de usos. Polylactic acid is a biodegradable polymer derived from lactic acid. It is a highly versatile material, which is made from 100% renewable resources, such as corn, beets, wheat and other products rich in starch. This acid has many equivalent and even better characteristics than many petroleum-based plastics, making it effective for a wide variety of uses.
Empleando la invención aquí descrita, se conseguirán imprimir tridimensionalmente figuras con propiedades antibacterianas, aromatizadas y de repelentes de insectos, evitando tener que realizar procesos y/o procedimientos posteriores que doten de dichas características, que aumenten el coste del producto final, y reduzcan la rentabilidad frente a los elementos materializados con el filamento aquí preconizado. Using the invention described here, it will be possible to print three-dimensional figures with antibacterial, flavored and insect repellent properties, avoiding having to carry out subsequent processes and / or procedures that provide said characteristics, which increase the cost of the final product, and reduce profitability. compared to the elements materialized with the filament recommended here.
Adicionalmente el filamento de la presente invención está provisto de propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas con el fin de posibilitar que los objetos impresos tridimensionalmente a partir del mencionado filamento también puedan ofrecer una capacidad virucida y antibacteriana. Additionally, the filament of the present invention is provided with virucidal and antibacterial properties in order to enable objects printed three-dimensionally from said filament to also offer virucidal and antibacterial capacity.
Para ello, el filamento para impresoras 3D objeto del presente modelo de utilidad está materializado por un cuerpo de un compuesto termoplástico en base a iones de plata donde el compuesto termoplástico se constituye por un ácido poliláctico (PLA), un copolímero que combina las propiedades del PET (Tereftalato de polietileno) y las del glicol (PET-G), un polipropileno (PP), un poliuretano termoplástico (TPU), elastómeros termoplásticos (TPE) o una mezcla de ellos. For this, the filament for 3D printers object of this utility model is materialized by a body of a thermoplastic compound based on silver ions where the thermoplastic compound is constituted by a polylactic acid (PLA), a copolymer that combines the properties of PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) and those of glycol (PET-G) , a polypropylene (PP), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) or a mixture of them.
En este sentido, la presencia de los iones de plata en el cuerpo termoplástico posibilita su capacidad virucida tal como ha quedado comprobado en los ensayos realizados y que se exponen en el apartado de realización preferente de la invención. In this sense, the presence of silver ions in the thermoplastic body enables its virucidal capacity, as has been proven in the tests carried out and which are set out in the section on the preferred embodiment of the invention.
De hecho, los iones de plata son conocidos por su carácter biocida. Así, los iones de plata actúan sobre los radicales libres de las moléculas víricas, concretamente de las moléculas de SARS, actuando sobre los puentes de disulfuro que unen los radicales libres a la molécula de SARS y provocando la desnaturalización de las moléculas y, por tanto, su infectividad. In fact, silver ions are known for their biocidal character. Thus, silver ions act on the free radicals of the viral molecules, specifically SARS molecules, acting on the disulfide bridges that join the free radicals to the SARS molecule and causing the denaturation of the molecules and, therefore , its infectivity.
Necesariamente el compuesto plástico del filamento de la presente invención se constituye por un compuesto termoplástico que impide que al adicionar iones de plata se vitrifiquen sobre la superficie del polímero y por tanto sea viable su migración hacia el virus para su infectividad. Igualmente, al ser el cuerpo del filamento un termoplástico permite su producción mediante extrusión. The plastic compound of the filament of the present invention is necessarily constituted by a thermoplastic compound that prevents the addition of silver ions from vitrifying them on the surface of the polymer and therefore their migration towards the virus is viable for its infectivity. Likewise, as the body of the filament is a thermoplastic, it can be produced by extrusion.
Ventajosamente, la presencia de los iones plata en el mencionado compuesto plástico posibilita que, en presencia de humedad ambiental, los iones de plata del filamento migren hacia la molécula vírica del SARS. Advantageously, the presence of silver ions in said plastic compound enables the silver ions of the filament to migrate towards the SARS viral molecule in the presence of ambient humidity.
De esta forma, el uso del filamento de la presente invención en la impresión tridimensional permite dotar al cuerpo conformado de unas propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas. In this way, the use of the filament of the present invention in three-dimensional printing makes it possible to provide the shaped body with virucidal and antibacterial properties.
Opcionalmente, el cuerpo del filamento se integra por un compuesto termoplástico que presenta una saturación de iones de plata en un rango entre el 3% y el 9%. Optionally, the body of the filament is made up of a thermoplastic compound that has a saturation of silver ions in a range between 3% and 9%.
Cabe señalar que el ácido poliláctico es un polímero biodegradable derivado del ácido láctico. Se trata de un material altamente versátil, que se fabrica a partir de recursos renovables al 100%, como son el maíz, la remolacha, el trigo y otros productos ricos en almidón. Este ácido tiene muchas características equivalentes e incluso mejores que muchos plásticos derivados del petróleo, lo que hace que sea eficaz para una gran variedad de usos. It should be noted that polylactic acid is a biodegradable polymer derived from lactic acid. It is a highly versatile material, which is manufactured from resources 100% renewable, such as corn, beets, wheat and other starch-rich products. This acid has many equivalent and even better characteristics than many petroleum-based plastics, making it effective for a wide variety of uses.
Respecto el polipropileno, cabe resaltar que es uno de los materiales plásticos más utilizados, junto con el tereftalato de polietileno. Se trata de un polímero termoplástico, parcialmente cristalino que se obtiene de la polimerización del propileno (o propeno). Sus usos abarcan desde textiles y envases hasta dispositivos médicos, material de laboratorio o componentes automovilísticos. Regarding polypropylene, it should be noted that it is one of the most used plastic materials, along with polyethylene terephthalate. It is a thermoplastic, partially crystalline polymer that is obtained from the polymerization of propylene (or propene). Its uses range from textiles and packaging to medical devices, laboratory equipment or automotive components.
Ventajosamente, cuando el compuesto termoplástico que integra el filamento virucida y antibacteriano de la presente invención es el ácido poliláctico y/o el polipropileno, el filamento con capacidad virucida y antibacteriana obtenido será, adicionalmente, biodegradable, con propiedades barrera y biocompatible. Así, el biopolímetro integrado por ácido poliláctico y/o polipropileno encuentra numerosas aplicaciones, ya que presenta un amplio rango inusual de propiedades, desde el estado amorfo hasta el estado cristalino; propiedades que pueden lograrse manipulando las mezclas entre los isómeros D(-) y L(+), los pesos moleculares, y la copolimerización. Advantageously, when the thermoplastic compound that integrates the virucidal and antibacterial filament of the present invention is polylactic acid and / or polypropylene, the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity obtained will be, additionally, biodegradable, with barrier and biocompatible properties. Thus, the biopolymer made up of polylactic acid and / or polypropylene finds numerous applications, since it has an unusual wide range of properties, from the amorphous state to the crystalline state; properties that can be achieved by manipulating mixtures between the D (-) and L (+) isomers, molecular weights, and copolymerization.
Por otro lado, el poliuretano termoplástico es una de las variedades existentes dentro de los poliuretanos. Es un polímero elastomérico lineal y, por ello, termoplástico. Este elastómero puede ser conformado por los procesos habituales para termoplásticos, como moldeo por inyección, extrusión y soplado. Como elastómero termoplástico en base uretano se abrevia TPU. On the other hand, thermoplastic polyurethane is one of the existing varieties of polyurethanes. It is a linear elastomeric polymer and therefore thermoplastic. This elastomer can be shaped by the usual processes for thermoplastics, such as injection, extrusion and blow molding. As a urethane-based thermoplastic elastomer, it is abbreviated TPU.
De esta forma, el poliuretano termoplástico se caracteriza por su alta resistencia a la abrasión, al oxígeno, al ozono y a las bajas temperaturas. Esta combinación de propiedades hace del poliuretano termoplástico un plástico de ingeniería; por esta razón, se utiliza en aplicaciones especiales. In this way, thermoplastic polyurethane is characterized by its high resistance to abrasion, oxygen, ozone and low temperatures. This combination of properties makes thermoplastic polyurethane an engineering plastic; for this reason, it is used in special applications.
De acuerdo con la presente invención, el filamento con capacidad virucida y antibacteriana de la invención incluye, opcionalmente, una resina polimérica universal el cual se introduce como un aditivo que es compatible con el compuesto termoplástico. De esta forma, la resina polimérica universal facilita la polimerización dentro de una cámara extrasolar y posterior migración a la superficie de los iones de plata para generar la capacidad virucida y antibacteriana del filamento de la presente invención. In accordance with the present invention, the antibacterial and virucidal filament of the invention optionally includes a universal polymeric resin which is introduced as an additive that is compatible with the thermoplastic compound. In this way, the resin Polymeric universal facilitates the polymerization within an extrasolar chamber and subsequent migration to the surface of the silver ions to generate the virucidal and antibacterial capacity of the filament of the present invention.
Por todo lo anterior, el filamento detallado permite imprimir tridimensionalmente figuras con propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas, evitando tener que realizar procesos y/o procedimientos posteriores que doten de dichas características, que aumenten el coste del producto final, y reduzcan la rentabilidad frente a los elementos materializados con el filamento aquí preconizado. For all the above, the detailed filament allows three-dimensional printing of figures with virucidal and antibacterial properties, avoiding having to carry out subsequent processes and / or procedures that provide these characteristics, which increase the cost of the final product, and reduce profitability compared to the elements. materialized with the filament recommended here.
De esta forma, la solución aportada en la presente invención ofrece una configuración del filamento con capacidad virucida que no se diferencia de los filamentos conocidos en el estado de la técnica en cuanto a peso o tamaño, pero sí presenta unas propiedades virucidas y antibacterianas que le otorga una ventaja apreciable en su uso In this way, the solution provided in the present invention offers a configuration of the filament with virucidal capacity that does not differ from the filaments known in the state of the art in terms of weight or size, but does present virucidal and antibacterial properties that gives an appreciable advantage in its use
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que seguidamente se va a realizar y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características del invento, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica del mismo, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de planos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is going to be made below and with the aim of helping a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of a practical embodiment thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where, with an illustrative and non-limiting nature, the following has been represented:
La figura 1.- Muestra una vista lateral esquematizada del filamento conforme a una realización preferente del objeto de la invención. Figure 1.- Shows a schematic side view of the filament according to a preferred embodiment of the object of the invention.
La figura 2.- Muestra una gráfica de los resultados testados para verificar el comportamiento de diferentes muestras del filamento con capacidad virucida y antibacteriana de la presente invención. Figure 2.- Shows a graph of the results tested to verify the behavior of different samples of the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity of the present invention.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION
En la figura 1 adjunta se muestra una realización preferida de la invención. Más concretamente, el filamento para impresoras 3D objeto de la presente invención, está caracterizada por comprender un cuerpo (1) materializado íntegramente en ácido poliláctico (PLA) y/o poliuretanos termoplásticos (TPU/TPE), que además de las características intrínsecas de este polímero biodegradable, hidrofílico y de baja inflamabilidad, en el primero de los casos (PLA), y de la flexibilidad y durabilidad, en el segundo de los casos (TPU/TPE), dispone de propiedades antibacterianas, aromáticas y de repelente de insectos. A preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in attached figure 1. More specifically, the filament for 3D printers object of the present invention is characterized by comprising a body (1) made entirely of polylactic acid (PLA) and / or thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU / TPE), which in addition to the intrinsic characteristics of this biodegradable, hydrophilic and low flammability polymer, in the first case (PLA), and flexibility and durability, in the second case (TPU / TPE), it has antibacterial, aromatic and insect repellent properties.
Su impregnación con sustancias antibacterianas le dotan de propiedades capaces de eliminar agentes bacterianos o la inhibición de su crecimiento o proliferación sin incurrir en el daño del objeto, ambiente u organismo que lo porta. Its impregnation with antibacterial substances endow it with properties capable of eliminating bacterial agents or inhibiting their growth or proliferation without incurring damage to the object, environment or organism that carries it.
De igual modo, su impregnación de un agente repelente de insectos, le permitirá su aplicación en objetos que tengan por finalidad o necesiten mantener alejados a insectos, evitar plagas de estos, evitando su cercanía y las enfermedades que estos propagan. In the same way, its impregnation with an insect repellent agent will allow it to be applied to objects that have the purpose or need to keep insects away, avoid their pests, avoiding their proximity and the diseases that they spread.
Asimismo, cuenta con una impregnación de diversos aromas, que permite dotar a los objetos realizados con dicho filamento de propiedades aromáticas. Likewise, it has an impregnation of various aromas, which allows the objects made with said filament to be endowed with aromatic properties.
Como consecuencia de su diseño el filamento aquí preconizado, no se diferenciará de los filamentos presentes en el estado de la técnica, en cuanto a peso o tamaño, pero sí en cuanto a la configuración de las propiedades (antibacteriano, anti-repelente y aromatizado), que provocará una ventaja apreciable en su uso. As a consequence of its design, the filament recommended here will not differ from the filaments present in the state of the art, in terms of weight or size, but in terms of the configuration of the properties (antibacterial, anti-repellent and flavored). , which will cause an appreciable advantage in its use.
A lo largo de la descripción y las reivindicaciones la palabra «comprende» y sus variantes no pretenden excluir otras características técnicas, aditivos, componentes o pasos. Para los expertos en la materia, otros objetos, ventajas y características de la invención se desprenderán en parte de la descripción y en parte de la práctica de la invención. Los siguientes ejemplos y dibujos se proporcionan a modo de ilustración, y no se pretende que restrinjan la presente invención. Además, la presente invención cubre todas las posibles combinaciones de realizaciones particulares y preferidas aquí indicadas. Throughout the description and claims the word "comprise" and its variants are not intended to exclude other technical characteristics, additives, components or steps. For those skilled in the art, other objects, advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge partly from the description and partly from the practice of the invention. The following examples and drawings are provided by way of illustration, and are not intended to restrict the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention covers all possible combinations of particular and preferred embodiments indicated herein.
En una segunda realización preferente de la invención, el filamento con capacidad virucida y antibacteriana para impresoras tridimensionales se integra por un cuerpo (1) el cual está materializado íntegramente en ácido poliláctico (PLA), un copolímero que combina el PET y el glicol (PET-G), un polipropileno (PP), un poliuretano termoplástico (TPU), elastómeros termoplásticos (TPE) o una mezcla de ellos. Así, los mencionados termoplásticos PLA y PP aportan características intrínsecas asociadas por ser polímeros biodegradables, hidrofílicos y de baja inflamabilidad, mientras que los termoplásticos TPU Y TPE aportan flexibilidad y durabilidad. In a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the filament with virucidal and antibacterial capacity for three-dimensional printers is made up of a body (1) which is made entirely of polylactic acid (PLA), a copolymer that combines PET and glycol (PET -G), a polypropylene (PP), a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), elastomers thermoplastics (TPE) or a mixture of them. Thus, the aforementioned PLA and PP thermoplastics provide associated intrinsic characteristics as they are biodegradable, hydrophilic and low flammability polymers, while the TPU and TPE thermoplastics provide flexibility and durability.
Ventajosamente, la impregnación del cuerpo del compuesto termoplástico con sustancias biocidas y antibacterianas basadas en iones de plata dotan al filamento de capacidad para destruir, contrarrestar y/o neutralizar la inhibición de su crecimiento o proliferación de virus, agentes bacterianos, hongos y microorganismos nocivos para el ser humano, sin incurrir en el daño del objeto, ambiente u organismo que lo porta. Advantageously, the impregnation of the body of the thermoplastic compound with biocidal and antibacterial substances based on silver ions endow the filament with the ability to destroy, counteract and / or neutralize the inhibition of its growth or proliferation of viruses, bacterial agents, fungi and microorganisms harmful to the human being, without incurring damage to the object, environment or organism that carries it.
En este sentido, los iones de plata presentes en el filamento de la invención actúan a nivel de la membrana celular del microorganismo al que atacan, provocando la lisis de la pared proteica del microorganismo y penetrando en su interior interrumpiendo las reacciones bioquímicas que sustentan su vida. In this sense, the silver ions present in the filament of the invention act at the level of the cell membrane of the microorganism they attack, causing the lysis of the protein wall of the microorganism and penetrating inside it, interrupting the biochemical reactions that sustain its life. .
Para verificar la capacidad antiviral del filamento desarrollado frente a la COVID-19 y otras enfermedades de origen vírico se realiza un ensayo en el que se realiza el procedimiento que se detalla a continuación. To verify the antiviral capacity of the filament developed against COVID-19 and other diseases of viral origin, a test is carried out in which the procedure detailed below is carried out.
Se prepara las siguientes muestras de material para verificar su infectividad: The following material samples are prepared to verify infectivity:
- Una muestra (A) de control o blanco. - A control or blank sample (A).
- Una muestra (B) de 15 mg de material molido formado únicamente por un compuesto termoplástico TPU. - A sample (B) of 15 mg of ground material consisting solely of a TPU thermoplastic compound.
- Una muestra (C) de 15 mg de material molido formado por un poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) a saturación del 6% de iones de plata. - A sample (C) of 15 mg of ground material formed by a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) at a saturation of 6% of silver ions.
- Una muestra (D) de 15 mg de material molido formado por un poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) a saturación del 3% de iones de plata. - A sample (D) of 15 mg of ground material formed by a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with a saturation of 3% of silver ions.
Cabe resaltar que las muestras (C) y (D) se integran por un compuesto termoplástico el cual está saturado de iones plata. It should be noted that samples (C) and (D) are made up of a thermoplastic compound which is saturated with silver ions.
El procedimiento realizado consistió en incubar cada una de las mencionadas muestras (A), (B), (C) y (D) con 200 mI_ de un coronavirus agente causal del resfriado común en humanos denominado HCoV-229E a 1.000 uff (unidades formadoras de foco) por ml_ (200 uff/muestra) durante 4 horas de exposición a temperatura ambiente. The procedure carried out consisted of incubating each of the aforementioned samples (A), (B), (C) and (D) with 200 ml_ of a coronavirus causative agent of the common cold in humans called HCoV-229E at 1,000 uff (focus-forming units) per ml_ (200 uff / sample) for 4 hours of exposure at room temperature.
A continuación, las mezclas de cada una de las muestras (A), (B), (C) y (D) y el mencionado virus fueron centrifugadas a 10.000 rpm (revoluciones por minuto) durante 5 minutos y el virus en los sobrenadantes resultantes titulado en monocapas de células Vero. Next, the mixtures of each of the samples (A), (B), (C) and (D) and the mentioned virus were centrifuged at 10,000 rpm (revolutions per minute) for 5 minutes and the virus in the resulting supernatants Titrated in Vero cell monolayers.
La figura 2 muestra los resultados obtenidos del ensayo detallado, donde el eje de ordenadas recoge los valores de media y desviación estándar de los porcentajes de infectividad obtenidos para cada una de las muestras (A), (B), (C) y (D) representadas en el eje de abscisas. Figure 2 shows the results obtained from the detailed test, where the ordinate axis collects the mean and standard deviation values of the infectivity percentages obtained for each of the samples (A), (B), (C) and (D ) represented on the abscissa axis.
Así, se observa que el blanco presenta una infectividad completa y la muestra (B) - que no contiene iones de plata - presenta algo de infectividad a causa del principio de contaminación que tiene lugar durante el ensayo. Thus, it is observed that the blank shows complete infectivity and the sample (B) - which does not contain silver ions - shows some infectivity due to the principle of contamination that takes place during the test.
Igualmente, los resultados obtenidos indican que el tratamiento del coronavirus con las muestras (C) y (D) ha mostrado inhibir la infectividad del virus de manera significativa. Es decir, las muestras (C) y (D) que están constituidas por un poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) con iones plata reducen la infectividad del coronavirus tras su coincubación respecto el control. Likewise, the results obtained indicate that the treatment of the coronavirus with samples (C) and (D) has been shown to significantly inhibit the infectivity of the virus. That is, samples (C) and (D), which are made up of a thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with silver ions, reduce the infectivity of the coronavirus after its co-incubation with respect to the control.
Por otro lado, del análisis de la figura 2 se deduce que, a igual tiempo de exposición, la muestra (D) presenta una infectividad del 69,5%, es decir un menor porcentaje de infectividad que la muestra (C) la cual presenta un valor de infectividad del 22,7%. On the other hand, from the analysis of figure 2 it can be deduced that, at the same exposure time, the sample (D) presents an infectivity of 69.5%, that is, a lower percentage of infectivity than the sample (C) which presents an infectivity value of 22.7%.
Es decir, la presencia de un mayor porcentaje de saturación de iones de plata en la muestraThat is, the presence of a higher percentage of saturation of silver ions in the sample
(C) ofrece una mayor infectividad. Concretamente, la infectividad del coronavirus incubado con la muestra (C) fue de tan solo un 22,7% respecto al control. En otras palabras, la muestra (C) redujo la infectividad del coronavirus un 77,3%. (C) offers higher infectivity. Specifically, the infectivity of the coronavirus incubated with the sample (C) was only 22.7% compared to the control. In other words, sample (C) reduced the infectivity of the coronavirus by 77.3%.
De hecho, a mayor saturación de iones de plata del compuesto termoplástico, se incrementa la inactivación, es decir, mejora su capacidad virucida, quedando probada la actividad antiviral frente al coronavirus HCoV-229E en las condiciones experimentales empleadas y, por lo tanto, siendo potencialmente adecuados para la implementación en aplicaciones protectoras eficaces frente al COVID-19. Por todo lo anterior, en una segunda realización preferente de la invención, el cuerpo del filamento se integra por un compuesto termoplástico que presenta una saturación de iones de plata con un porcentaje del 6%. In fact, the greater the saturation of silver ions in the thermoplastic compound, the inactivation increases, that is, its virucidal capacity improves, the activity being proven. antiviral against the HCoV-229E coronavirus under the experimental conditions used and, therefore, potentially suitable for implementation in effective protective applications against COVID-19. Due to all of the above, in a second preferred embodiment of the invention, the body of the filament is made up of a thermoplastic compound that has a saturation of silver ions with a percentage of 6%.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S
1a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D que está caracterizado por estar conformado por un cuerpo (1) materializado con un polímero, donde el polímero se selecciona entre ácido poliláctico (PLA) y poliuretano termoplástico (TPU) u otros elastómeros (TPEs), con componentes antibacterianos. 1 .- Filament 3D printers which is characterized by being comprised of a body (1) materialized with a polymer, wherein the polymer is selected from polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or other elastomers (TPEs), with antibacterial components.
2a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D, según reivindicación 1 , en donde el cuerpo (1) está impregnado de sustancias repelentes de insectos y aromáticas. 2 .- Filament 3D printer, according to claim 1 wherein the body (1) is impregnated with insect repellents and aromatic.
3a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D, según reivindicación 1 , que está caracterizado por estar conformado por un cuerpo (1) materializado íntegramente con poliuretano termoplástico u otros elastómeros (TPU/TPE's) con componentes antibacterianos. 3 .- 3D printers Filament according to claim 1, which is characterized by being comprised of a body (1) embodied integrally with thermoplastic polyurethane or other elastomers (TPU / TPEs) with antibacterial components.
4a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque se integra por un cuerpo (1) de un compuesto termoplástico en base a iones de plata, donde el compuesto termoplástico se constituye por PLA, PET-G, PP, TPU, TPE o una mezcla de ellos. 4 .- Filament 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that it is comprised of a body (1) of a thermoplastic compound based on silver ions, wherein the thermoplastic composite is constituted by PLA, PET-G, PP, TPU , TPE or a mixture of them.
5a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D, según reivindicación 4a, caracterizado porque el compuesto termoplástico presenta una saturación de iones de plata en un rango entre el 3% y el 9%. 5 .- Filament 3D printer, according to claim 4, wherein the thermoplastic composition has a saturation of silver ions in a range between 3% and 9%.
6a.- Filamento para impresoras 3D, según reivindicación 4a o 5a, caracterizado porque presenta una resina polimérica universal como aditivo la cual es compatible con el compuesto termoplástico. 6 .- Filament 3D printer according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that it has a universal polymer resin as an additive which is compatible with the thermoplastic compound.
PCT/ES2020/070677 2019-11-05 2020-11-04 Antibacterial, insect-repellent, aromatised filament with viricidal properties for 3d printers WO2021089898A1 (en)

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ES201931819U ES1245650Y (en) 2019-11-05 2019-11-05 Antibacterial, insect repellent and scented filament for 3D printers
ESU202031871 2020-08-24
ES202031871U ES1256211Y (en) 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 FILAMENT WITH VIRUCIED AND ANTIBACTERIAL CAPACITY FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTERS

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