WO2021082942A1

WO2021082942A1 - Gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater

Info

Publication number: WO2021082942A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/121287
Authority: WO
Inventors: 樊强; 陶继业; 刘刚; 李小宇; 任永强; 许世森
Original assignee: 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2019-10-28
Filing date: 2020-10-15
Publication date: 2021-05-06
Also published as: CN110669554A

Abstract

A gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater: a pass partition (3) is provided in a gasification device housing (1); a through hole is provided on the pass partition (3); an outlet at the bottom part of a water-cooled wall (2) and an outlet at the top part of a downcomer (4) both communicate with the through hole; the lower end of the downcomer (4) is inserted into a slag pool (5); a combined start-up wastewater burner (12) is inserted into the gasification device housing (1) from the top part of the gasification device housing (1) and is then inserted into the water-cooled wall (2); each waste solid burner (13) passes through a side wall of the gasification device housing (1) and is then inserted into the water-cooled wall (2); the top part of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with a circulating cooling water inlet (7), the bottom part of the water-cooled wall (2) is provided with a circulating cooling water outlet (8), and the top part of the gasification device housing (1) is provided with a nitrogen inlet (14); and several chilling nozzles (15) are provided on the inner wall of the downcomer (4), wherein an inlet of each chilling nozzle (15) communicates with a chilling water input pipe (10), and a syngas outlet (6) is provided on a side wall of the gasification device housing (1). The device may effectively treat waste solids and wastewater, and at the same time, may effectively cool down and remove ash.

Description

Gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of energy and chemical industry, and relates to a gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater.

Background technique

At present, China’s rapid economic development has brought about a large number of environmental problems. On the whole, my country’s environmental pollution situation is still severe, with frequent haze weather, black and odorous urban rivers, "garbage siege", soil pollution, and hazardous waste. Problems such as disposal and rural environmental pollution are prominent, and pollution control has a long way to go.

The current industrial wastewater has a wide variety of complex components and is difficult to degrade. It contains industrial production materials, intermediate products, by-products, and pollutants generated in the production process that are lost with water and are difficult to recover. Industrial solid wastes such as coal slime, coke, semi-coke, petroleum coke, coal gangue, garbage, sludge, fly ash, etc., also have the problem of difficulty in handling and large pollution. In particular, the waste and solids produced in coal mines and coking plants cannot be treated in time, causing large-area accumulation, which is easy to generate dust and pollution. The existing treatment processes for these waste solids and wastewater have the problems of long process flow, high energy consumption and large investment. Some of the existing devices in the engineering treat waste solids and waste water in a single process, either only treating waste solids or only waste water, and more or less problems occur during operation.

Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is a very meaningful task to develop a gasification device that can treat both solid waste and wastewater, and at the same time effectively remove ash and reduce temperature.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gasification device for treating waste solids and waste water. The device can effectively treat waste solids and waste water, and at the same time, it can effectively cool down and remove ash. Consumption and cost are lower.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater according to the present invention includes a gasification device shell, a combined start-up waste water burner, a chilled water input pipeline, a waste solid burner, and a gasification device. The water wall, downcomer and slag pool in the device shell;

The gasification device shell is provided with a split-range partition, wherein a through hole is opened on the split-range partition, the outlet at the bottom of the water wall and the outlet at the top of the downcomer are both connected to the through hole, and the lower end of the downcomer is inserted into the through hole. In the slag tank, the combined start-up waste water burner is inserted from the top of the gasification device shell into the gasification device shell and then inserted into the water-cooled wall. Each waste solid burner passes through the side wall of the gasification device shell and then is inserted into the Inside the water wall

The top of the water wall is provided with a circulating cooling water inlet, the bottom of the water wall is provided with a circulating cooling water outlet, and the top of the gasification device shell is provided with a nitrogen inlet;

A number of chilling nozzles are provided on the inner wall of the downcomer, wherein the inlet of each chilling nozzle is respectively communicated with the corresponding chilling jacket, and the side wall of the gasification device housing is provided with a synthesis gas outlet, where all The synthesis gas outlet is facing the downcomer.

The top of the gasification device shell is provided with a top flange for fixing the combined start-up waste water burner.

The side of the bottom of the gasification device casing is provided with a slag pool water replenishment port, and the bottom of the gasification device casing is provided with a slag water outlet.

The bottom of the water wall is in hermetically connected with the upper surface of the splitter, and the upper part of the downcomer is hermetically connected with the lower surface of the splitter.

The water-cooled wall has a coil structure or a tube structure.

A refractory material layer is arranged on the inner wall of the water wall.

The downcomer includes a downcomer barrel, which is divided into a plurality of chill jackets by a plurality of jacket partitions, wherein the chill nozzle is arranged on the inner wall of the chill jacket, and one chiller The jacket corresponds to a chilled water input pipeline, and the chilled jacket is connected to the stress-resistant cold water input pipeline.

The number of chill nozzles on each chill jacket is greater than or equal to 3.

The number of waste solid burners is 2-8, and each waste solid burner is arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the waste solid burner is horizontally inserted into the water wall.

The feed of the waste solid burner includes waste solids and oxidants. Among them, the waste solids are powders made from coal slime, coke, semi-coke, petroleum coke, coal gangue, garbage or sludge; the oxidants are pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched, or A mixture of pure oxygen/enriched oxygen and steam/carbon dioxide;

The combined start-up-wastewater burner has the functions of ignition, start-up and waste water feeding, and the waste water is machine wastewater, inorganic wastewater or domestic sewage. The combined start-up-wastewater burner uses liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas or diesel when ignition and start-up. The combustion aid is instrument air or oxygen.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

In the specific operation of the gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater of the present invention, the inside of the water-cooled wall constitutes a gasification reaction chamber, and the combined start-up-waste water sprayed by the waste water burner and the waste sprayed by the waste solid burner The solid and gasification agent are gasified in the gasification reaction chamber to form high-temperature synthesis gas. At this time, the combined start-up-wastewater sprayed from the waste water burner is fully mixed with the high-temperature synthesis gas, thereby removing the toxic and harmful contents in the wastewater that are difficult to treat. The carbon material is converted into CO, CO ₂ and H ₂ at high temperature, and at the same time, the temperature of the synthesis gas is cooled. The cooled synthesis gas descends into the downcomer for further cooling, and then passes into the slag tank, where the ash is in the differential tank Medium sedimentation, clean synthesis gas is discharged through the synthesis gas outlet, in order to realize the effective treatment of waste solids and waste water, and the purpose of effectively cooling and removing ash, and the energy consumption and cost are lower.

Furthermore, the present invention uses a downcomer with a chill jacket and chill nozzle to cool the high-temperature synthesis gas and remove ash, which greatly improves the ash removal and heat exchange effect, and reduces the energy consumption and investment of the subsequent dust removal system.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the downcomer 4 in the present invention.

Among them, 1 is the gasification unit shell, 2 is the water wall, 3 is the splitter partition, 4 is the downcomer, 5 is the slag tank, 6 is the synthesis gas outlet, 7 is the circulating cooling water inlet, and 8 is the circulating cooling water Outlet, 9 is the slag water outlet, 10 is the chilled water input pipe, 11 is the slag tank water supply port, 12 is the combined start-up waste water burner, 13 is the waste solid burner, 14 is the nitrogen inlet, 15 is the chill nozzle, 16 is the top flange, 41 is the downcomer cylinder, 42 is the chill jacket, and 43 is the jacket partition.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

1, the gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater according to the present invention includes a gasification device housing 1, a combined start-up-waste water burner 12, a chilled water input pipeline 10, a number of waste solids burners 13, and The water-cooled wall 2, the downcomer 4 and the slag pool 5 are arranged in the gasification device casing 1; the gasification device casing 1 is provided with a splitter partition 3, wherein the splitter partition 3 is provided with a through hole, The outlet at the bottom of the water wall 2 and the outlet at the top of the downcomer 4 are both connected to the through hole. The lower end of the downcomer 4 is inserted into the slag tank 5, and the combined start-up-wastewater burner 12 is from the gasification device shell 1 The top is inserted into the gasification device casing 1 and then inserted into the water-cooled wall 2. Each waste solid burner 13 passes through the side wall of the gasification device casing 1 and then is inserted into the water-cooled wall 2; the top of the water-cooled wall 2 is provided with a circulation The cooling water inlet 7, the bottom of the water wall 2 is provided with a circulating cooling water outlet 8, and the top of the gasification device shell 1 is provided with a nitrogen inlet 14; the inner wall of the downcomer 4 is provided with a number of chill nozzles 15, wherein each The inlet of the cold nozzle 15 is in communication with the chilled water input pipe 10, and a synthesis gas outlet 6 is provided on the side wall of the gasification device housing 1, wherein the synthesis gas outlet 6 faces the downcomer 4, and the downcomer 4 It is a cylindrical hollow structure.

The top of the gasification device shell 1 is provided with a top flange 16 for fixing the combined start-up waste water burner 12; the side of the bottom of the gasification device shell 1 is provided with a slag pool water replenishment port 11, and the gasification device shell 1 A slag water outlet 9 is provided at the bottom.

The bottom of the water wall 2 is hermetically connected with the upper surface of the splitter 3, and the upper part of the downcomer 4 is hermetically connected with the lower surface of the splitter 3; the splitter 3 and the inner wall of the gasification device housing 1 are fixed by welding .

The water wall 2 has a coil structure or a tube structure; the inner wall of the water wall 2 is provided with a refractory material layer.

2, the downcomer 4 includes a downcomer barrel 41, which is divided into a plurality of chill jackets 42 by a plurality of jacket partitions 43, wherein the chill nozzle 15 is provided on the chiller On the inner wall of the cold jacket 42, a chill jacket 42 corresponds to a chilled water input pipe 10, and the chill jacket 42 is in communication with the cold water input pipe 10 for stress.

The number of chill nozzles 15 on each chill jacket 42 is greater than or equal to 3; the number of waste solid burners 13 is 2-8, and each waste solid burner 13 is arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the waste solid burner 13 is horizontal Insert into the water wall 2.

The inside of the water wall 2 constitutes the gasification reaction chamber I; the operating pressure of the present invention is 0.5-5 MPa, the reaction temperature is 1200°C-1800°C, the liquid slagging method is adopted, and the gasification device shell 1 acts as a pressure vessel to withstand the gasification pressure.

The combined start-up waste water burner 12 integrates the functions of ignition, start-up and waste water feeding. The feed waste water includes organic waste water, inorganic waste water and domestic sewage. The fuel used for the combined start-up-wastewater burner 12 during ignition and start-up can be liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas and diesel, and the combustion-supporting agent is instrument air or oxygen.

The feed material of the waste solid burner 13 includes waste solids and oxidants. Among them, the waste solids can be powders made from raw materials such as coal slime, coke, semi-coke, petroleum coke, coal gangue, garbage, and sludge, and the oxidizer can be pure oxygen. , Oxygen-enriched, or pure oxygen/oxygen-enriched and steam/carbon dioxide mixture.

The working principle of the present invention is:

The waste solids and waste water undergo co-gasification reaction with the gasification agent in the gasification reaction chamber I to generate high-temperature synthesis gas. Each waste solid burner 13 is inserted into the water wall 2 in a horizontal direction to ensure the waste solids that are difficult to gasify. In the reaction zone, it has a longer reaction residence time and disturbance intensity, so that the powder, waste, and solid particles can be fully reacted. The reaction temperature is as high as 1600°C. At this time, the combined start-up-waste water sprayed by the waste water burner 12 enters the gasification reaction chamber I Fully mix with high-temperature synthesis gas to convert the toxic and harmful carbon-containing substances (such as tar, phenol, naphthalene, anthracene, and quinone) that are difficult to treat in the wastewater into CO, CO ₂ and H ₂ at high temperatures, and at the same time cool the synthesis gas. The cooled syngas descends into the downcomer 4 and the atomized chilled desuperheating water sprayed by the chill nozzle 15 is fully humidified and heat exchanged, so that the syngas is dedusted and cooled to below 300°C, and then enters the slag pool 5. After the ash settles in the slag tank 5, it is discharged along with the slag water through the slag water outlet 9. The clean synthesis gas is reversed in the slag tank 5 and then moves upward along the gap between the downcomer 4 and the gasification unit shell 1 and is synthesized The gas outlet 6 is discharged.

Claims

A gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater, which is characterized by comprising a gasification device shell (1), a combined start-up-waste water burner (12), a chilled water input pipeline (10), and a number of waste solids The burner (13) and the water wall (2), the downcomer (4) and the slag pool (5) arranged in the gasification device shell (1);

The gasification device shell (1) is provided with a split-range partition (3), wherein the split-range partition (3) is provided with a through hole, the outlet at the bottom of the water-cooled wall (2) and the top of the downcomer (4) The outlets are all connected to the through holes, the lower end of the downcomer (4) is inserted into the slag tank (5), and the combined start-up-wastewater burner (12) is inserted into the top of the gasification device shell (1) from the top of the gasification device housing (1). After the gasification device housing (1) is inserted into the water-cooled wall (2), each waste solid burner (13) passes through the side wall of the gasification device housing (1) and then is inserted into the water-cooled wall (2);

The top of the water wall (2) is provided with a circulating cooling water inlet (7), the bottom of the water wall (2) is provided with a circulating cooling water outlet (8), and the top of the gasification device housing (1) is provided with a nitrogen inlet (14) );

Several chill nozzles (15) are arranged on the inner wall of the downcomer (4), wherein the inlet of each chill nozzle (15) is respectively communicated with the corresponding chill jacket (42), and the gasification device housing ( The side wall of 1) is provided with a synthesis gas outlet (6), wherein the synthesis gas outlet (6) is facing the downcomer (4).
The gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the top of the gasification device housing (1) is provided with a top method for fixing the combined start-up waste water burner (12) Lan (16).
The gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom side of the gasification device housing (1) is provided with a slag tank water replenishment port (11), and the gasification device housing ( The bottom of 1) is provided with a slag water outlet (9).
The gasification device for treating solid waste and wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the water wall (2) is in hermetically connected with the upper surface of the splitter partition (3), and the downcomer (4) The upper part is hermetically connected with the lower surface of the split-range partition (3).
The gasification device for treating solid waste and wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the water-cooled wall (2) is a coil structure or a tube structure.
The gasification device for treating solid waste and wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that a refractory material layer is provided on the inner wall of the water-cooled wall (2).
The gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the downcomer (4) comprises a downcomer cylinder (41), and the downcomer cylinder (41) passes through a number of The jacket partition (43) is divided into a plurality of chill jackets (42), wherein the chill nozzle (15) is arranged on the inner wall of the chill jacket (42), and one chill jacket (42) corresponds to A chilled water input pipeline (10), and a chilled jacket (42) is connected with the stress-resistant cold water input pipeline (10).
The gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater according to claim 7, characterized in that the number of chilling nozzles (15) on each chilling jacket (42) is greater than or equal to three.
The gasification device for processing waste solids and wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the number of waste solid burners (13) is 2-8, and each waste solid burner (13) is arranged in a circumferential direction. Arranged in sequence, the waste solid burner (13) is horizontally inserted into the water wall (2).
The gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater according to claim 1, wherein the feed of the waste solid burner (13) includes waste solids and oxidizers, wherein the waste solids are coal slime, coke, semi- Powder made from coke, petroleum coke, coal gangue, garbage or sludge; the oxidant is pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched, or a mixture of pure oxygen/enriched oxygen and steam/carbon dioxide;

The combined start-up-wastewater burner (12) has the functions of ignition, start-up and wastewater feeding, and the wastewater is organic wastewater, inorganic wastewater or domestic sewage. The combined start-wastewater burner (12) uses liquefied petroleum gas for ignition and start-up. Gas, natural gas or diesel, and the combustion-supporting agent is instrument air or oxygen.