CN102796570A - Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment - Google Patents
Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102796570A CN102796570A CN2011104493930A CN201110449393A CN102796570A CN 102796570 A CN102796570 A CN 102796570A CN 2011104493930 A CN2011104493930 A CN 2011104493930A CN 201110449393 A CN201110449393 A CN 201110449393A CN 102796570 A CN102796570 A CN 102796570A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
Abstract
The invention discloses novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment which comprises a pressure bearing housing, wherein the upper part in the pressure bearing housing is a single barrel body water-cooling wall radiation waste boiler, the lower part in the pressure bearing housing is a washing and cooling room, the radiation waste boiler comprises a connecting flange of a gasification furnace, a barrel body water-cooling wall, a fin type water-cooling wall and a radiation waste boiler outlet; and the washing and cooling room is arranged under the radiation waste boiler outlet, and comprises a lifting-down pipe, a lifting-up pipe, a cooling water nozzle, a bottom slag bath and a raw gas outlet. According to the technical scheme in the invention, the high-order sensible heat of a gasified product can be recovered by the radiation waste boiler, the temperature of a gasified product can be reduced at the lower temperature in the washing and cooling room in the manner of low-temperature water spraying, and the raw gas can be preliminarily purified.
Description
Technical field
Coal gas of high temperature cooling washing device when the present invention relates to a kind of carbonaceous solids material gasification and producing coal gas.
Background technology
Airflow bed gasification furnace operation under high temperature, condition of high voltage usually, the gasification product of vapourizing furnace outlet has higher temperature (1200 ~ 1600 ℃).Because the gasification after product utilizes the difference of technology, the cooling and purifying process program of gasification after product is also different, can be divided into three kinds of pot destroying process, chilling process and useless pot-chilling process usually.
How need adopt chilling process for industries such as synthetic ammonia and hydrogen manufacturing, the high-temperature gasification product that vapourizing furnace produces gets into the shock chamber, in the shock chamber, directly contacts with water, accomplishes cooling, humidification and rough purification process.This flow process equipment and operating process are all comparatively simple, but consider from the angle that energy utilizes, and the chilling process vapourizing furnace exists mainly that thermo-efficiency is low, the wasting of resources is big, energy utilization is unreasonable and characteristics such as sewage load is big.Compare with pot destroying process, therefore heating gas decrease in efficiency 5 ~ 8% in other process systems, such as methanol production, IGCC generating etc., must carry out efficient recovery to the sensible heat of gasification product, to improve whole efficiency of energy utilization.
Pot destroying process mainly absorbs through useless pot of sensible heat with the high-temperature gasification product of gasification generation of radiation and is converted into high-order water vapor, and this portion water steam can be used for subsequent technique steam or is used for the steam turbine generating.Recyclable more than 10% of raw coal net calorific value that is equivalent to can make overall thermal coal gas efficient reach about 95%, improves 4 ~ 5 percentage points than the chilling process efficiency of energy utilization of identical gasifying process.The most of lime-ash that gets into the useless pot of radiation is captured by the useless pot bottom slag bath of radiation, and raw gas obtains rough purification.But the subject matter that the useless pot of radiation at present exists is problems such as cost height, complex equipments, operational stability are low.Especially the useless pot of radiation exports the band ash problem of raw gas, has had a strong impact on the operation stability of subsequent technique equipment (pot etc. gives up like convection current).
Useless pot-chilling process; Be that vapourizing furnace outlet high-temperature gasification product cools to 700 ℃ ~ 800 ℃ behind the useless pot of overshoot; Wash needed temperature through the water Quench again, both the high-order sensible heat to product had carried out efficient recovery, also raw gas had been carried out rough purification and humidification processing.But, also do not have equipment can realize simultaneously that sensible heat reclaims and these two kinds of technologies of humidification dedusting.
Therefore, the advanced high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of development is one of gordian technique approach that improves coal in China trans-utilization efficient.On the one hand for to make the sensible heat of high-temperature gasification product obtain effective recycling; Want the optimization design heat recovery equipment to improve its serviceability on the other hand, reduce cost; At last; Hope can make gasification product in this processing unit, obtain preliminary purifying and dedusting; Satisfying under the condition of process requirements; Based on above reduction equipment manufacturing cost and the consideration that realizes stable operation, press for sensible heat is reclaimed and two kinds of process requirements organic combinations of humidification dedusting, the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of exploitation combined type.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention provide the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of a kind of combined type; To satisfy modern Coal Chemical Industry manufacturing enterprise and IGCC generating etc. extensive efficient entrained flow gasification product sensible heat is reclaimed the demand with the humidification dedusting technology, improve the whole efficiency of energy utilization of clean gasization technology.
Design of the present invention is following: in order to realize efficient, stable, the long-term operation of entrained flow bed gasification system, except making vapourizing furnace steady running, one of key is to guarantee the efficient stable operation of raw gas cooling system.So, must stop the appearance of the bad working environments such as dust stratification, slagging scorification even stifled slag in the water cooler as much as possible, and reach the gasification product decontamination effect improving of fully lowering the temperature as much as possible.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above; Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment; This equipment has pressure-bearing shell; Top in the pressure-bearing shell is that the useless pot of single cylinder water wall radiation, bottom are scrubbing-cooling chamber, and the useless pot of radiation comprises and the useless pot outlet of joint flange, cylindrical shell water wall, fin type water wall, the radiation of vapourizing furnace; Scrubbing-cooling chamber is arranged on the useless pot outlet of radiation below, comprises downtake, upcast, water coolant spout, bottom slag bath and raw gas outlet.Technical scheme of the present invention utilizes the useless pot of radiation that the high-order sensible heat of gasification product is reclaimed, and through the mode of water at low temperature spray, in scrubbing-cooling chamber, the gasification product temperature is reduced to lesser temps, and makes raw gas obtain rough purification then.
The useless pot of this its upper side radiation adopts flange to be connected with vapourizing furnace, and the enlarging design of refractory materials wall is adopted in the ingress, is beneficial to slag and comes off and get into the useless pot center flow channels of radiation, can prevent that slag from directly touching water wall wall formation slagging scorification.And the enlarging design can also weaken the formation of inlet jet entrainment effect to inlet jet recirculating zone.
The useless pot part of radiation adopts the design of single cylinder water wall, and the water-cooled wall barrel inboard is provided with the fin type water wall, and this fin type water wall is arranged in the useless pot of radiation water-cooled wall barrel part on the lower side.Because be entrained with a large amount of molten state ash solid impurity particles in the gasification product, along with the increase of working time of the useless pot of radiation, phenomenons such as dust stratification or the covering of bonded property lime-ash possibly appear in its inner water wall wall, heat-transfer effect will be under some influence.Therefore, fin type water wall top and cylindrical shell water wall upper end are provided with certain distance h, and this distance is controlled at 4 ~ 12m, and concrete numerical value can draw according to calculation of parameter such as jet subtended angle borders.Guarantee that grey solid impurity particle jet does not directly touch the fin type water wall,, reduce heat transfer property in order to avoid on the fin type water wall, form dust stratification or slagging scorification.The fin type water wall arranges that height can carry out design calculation according to process requirements and cinder notch gasification product temperature; Be not more than 2/3 of cylindrical shell water wall height; Fin type water wall arranged direction and cylindrical shell water wall are arranged in parallel, and 2 ~ 40 of quantity are along evenly arranging on the water-cooled wall barrel circumference.The fin type water wall is too much unsuitable, and overstocked layout will form the stifled slag of dust stratification easily.
The downtake internal diameter is 0.5 ~ 2.5m, upcast internal diameter 1.8 ~ 4.8m, height 2.8 ~ 6.2m.
The present invention has scrubbing-cooling chamber in the useless pot arranged beneath of radiation, and the gasification product after the useless pot cooling of overshoot is handled will directly contact with spray water, and uncured slag fall into the bottom slag bath with directly being solidified by water at low temperature.The water coolant spout is located at the downtake inboard, is provided with 1 ~ 3 layer, every layer of 2 ~ 40 spout, and spout arranges evenly that along the downtake circumference spout direction and horizontal plane form angle, the angle scope is controlled at 0 ~ 20 °.In low temperature rough gas flow downward along downtake, meet the bottom slag bath liquid level entering upcast of turning back, turn back at the top and flow out from outlet, get into subsequent technique.Raw gas scrubbing-cooling chamber be reduced to process requirements temperature (~ 180 ℃) after spray water fully contacts, and the most of grey solid impurity particle that raw gas is carried secretly is removed in the washing temperature-fall period, obtains the rough purification effect.Multilayer water coolant spout is set improves high-temperature gasification product cooling rate and cooling-down effect, make the heat load distribution in the downtake more even.Be directed downwards if adopt water coolant to spray into, can promote grey solid impurity particle to be carried secretly downwards, avoid lime-ash directly to contact the downtake wall, and can prevent that the bias current of gasification product from forming asymmetric washing away to the downtake inwall by air-flow.
The present invention bottom is provided with the slag bath of collecting slag, and most of grey solid impurity particle relies on gravity and air-flow entrainment force directly to fall into slag bath, and effect is washed the entering slag bath to the granularity smaller particles through spray.Lime-ash gets into bottom lock bucket through the bottom slag bath and discharges.
Advantage of the present invention:
1) novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention can be used for IGCC power generation system and modern chemical industry production system; The useless pot of radiation reclaims the sensible heat of high temperature, high-pressure gasified product; To produce high-pressure saturated water vapor; Required process steam and auxiliary steam in steam turbine generating or the Chemical Manufacture is provided, can improves whole efficiency of energy utilization greatly;
2) side-lower is provided with the fin type water wall in the useless drum body water wall of the radiation of novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention; Can effectively increase the heating surface area guaranteeing not have under the prerequisite of slagging scorification hidden danger; Can reduce the useless pot of radiation size greatly, reduce whole investment;
3) be provided with scrubbing-cooling chamber below the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention; Gasification product temperature through behind the spray washing reduces rapidly; Reach the temperature required requirement of subsequent technique, the raw gas dregginess of process spray washing reduces greatly, has reached the rough purification effect; Also realize simultaneously the humidification of raw gas, satisfied the processing requirement of follow-up Chemical Manufacture.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is a scrubbing-cooling chamber mouth spray cross section diagrammatic cross-sectional view;
Description of reference numerals: useless pot of 1-radiation and vapourizing furnace joint flange, the useless pot inlet of 2-radiation refractory materials cast layer, 3-cylindrical shell water wall outlet collection case upcast, 4-cylindrical shell water wall outlet collection case; 5-pressure of equipment shell, the 6-radiation drum body water wall that gives up, 7-fin type water wall outlet collection case, 8-fin type water wall tube; The outlet of 9-fin type water wall collection case, 10-fin type water wall collection tank inlet, 11-fin type water wall connects fin, 12-scrubbing-cooling chamber mouth spray; 13-scrubbing-cooling chamber downtake, 14-scrubbing-cooling chamber upcast, 15-scrubbing-cooling chamber traverse baffle, 16-scrubbing-cooling chamber rising area; The outlet of 17-raw gas, 18-bottom slag bath, the useless pot of 19-radiation cinder notch; 20-cylindrical shell water wall and bearing shell gap, 21-bottom slag-drip opening connects fin between 22-cylindrical shell water wall tube; 23-scrubbing-cooling chamber spray water uniform device, 24-fin type water wall inlet collection case, 25-cylindrical shell water wall inlet.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed explanation, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is used for the sensible heat of large-scale high-efficiency gasification stove high-temperature product to reclaim and purification apparatus, mainly is made up of the useless pot of radiation and scrubbing-cooling chamber two portions.Equipment is connected through the useless pot of radiation top flange 1 with the vapourizing furnace body, and the useless pot of radiation mainly is made up of pressure-bearing shell 5, the cylindrical shell water wall 6 that reclaims product high temperature sensible heat and fin type water wall 8 etc.The lower wash cooling room mainly is made up of pressure-bearing shell 5, mouth spray 12, spray water uniform device 23, downtake 13, upcast 14, the bottom slag bath 18 of collecting slag, slag-drip opening 21 and raw gas outlet 17 etc.The process fin type water wall 8 respectively of water wall inlet 10,25 and cylindrical shell membrane wall 6 reclaim the heat of high-temperature gasification products, and convert the water heating to high-pressure saturated steam/water, and water vapor can be used for steam turbine generating or other process gass of preheating.The gasification product that flows into scrubbing-cooling chambers from the useless pot outlet 19 of radiation in the scrubbing-cooling chamber ingress by the rapid Quench of water at low temperature of mouth spray 12 ejections; Its high-temperature ash particle that carries is fallen into slag bath 18 discharges after the curing rapidly; Raw gas is through the spray washing of scrubbing-cooling chamber; Temperature is reduced to about 180 ℃, and obtains flowing out the entering subsequent technique from exporting 17 after the rough purification.
Embodiment:
Certain air flow bed coal slurry gasifier day is handled 2000 tons in coal (butt)/sky, goes out the coal gas of high temperature flow 214000Nm3/h that vapourizing furnace gets into the useless pot of radiation, 1350 ℃ of temperature, pressure 3.5MPa.The outside pressure-bearing shell internal diameter 4.85mm of the useless pot of radiation, straight section aspect ratio 4.6, straight section height 22.3m; Cylindrical shell water wall central diameter 3.2m; Height 19.6m, the cylindrical shell inboard is hung 20 fin type water wall downwards from above, fin type water wall height 7.5m; Fin type water wall width 0.4m; The pipe specification adopts 48 * 6mm, and upper end and cylindrical shell water wall distance from top h are 8.0m, and the fin type water wall is along the circumferential direction evenly arranged.The temperature that gets into the high-temperature water of cylindrical shell water wall and fin type water wall is 312 ℃, and pressure 112MPa, steam output are 225t/h.Above operational condition can make gasification product be reduced to about 700 ℃ in the temperature that the useless pot bottom of radiation exports 19 places.
Gasification product continues to get into scrubbing-cooling chamber downwards, is about 180 ℃ of water at low temperature Quench by temperature, and the spray water water yield is up to 35t/h; Spout is established 2 layers, divides two sections layouts along downtake, and every layer of spout number is 24; Arrange evenly that along the downtake circumference the downward angle of spout is set to 7.5 °.For guaranteeing that raw gas goes out the temperature and the chilled water basically identical of scrubbing-cooling chamber, downtake internal diameter 1.6m, high 4m, upcast internal diameter 2.8m.
Through above design and running, overall performance of the present invention is following:
Heat lost by radiation: < 0.4%
Available rate:>95%
The useless pot of radiation temperature in: 1200 ~ 1400 ℃
The useless pot of radiation temperature out: ~ 700 ℃
Scrubbing-cooling chamber temperature out: ~ 180 ℃
Working pressure (tube side): 11.2atm
Working pressure (shell side): 35atm
This novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment can be used for the high temperature sensible heat that carbonaceous solids material gasification such as coal in IGCC generating and the modern coal chemical engineering equipment generates gasification product and reclaims.
Claims (6)
1. novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment; It is characterized in that: have pressure-bearing shell (5); Top in the said pressure-bearing shell (5) is that the useless pot of single cylinder water wall radiation, bottom are scrubbing-cooling chamber, and the useless pot of said radiation comprises joint flange (1), cylindrical shell water wall (6), the useless pot outlet of radiation (19) with vapourizing furnace; Said scrubbing-cooling chamber is arranged on the useless pot outlet of radiation (19) below, comprises downtake (13), upcast (14), water coolant spout (12), bottom slag bath (18) and raw gas outlet (17).
2. according to the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inlet of the useless pot of said radiation is the truncated cone-shaped enlarging, the radiation shell body 5 internal diameters 2.5 ~ 6.5mm that gives up, aspect ratio 3.5 ~ 8.
3. according to the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment described in the claim 2; It is characterized in that: fin type water wall (8) is arranged in the disposed inboard that is parallel to cylindrical shell water wall (6); The upper end of the top of fin type water wall (8) and cylindrical shell water wall (6) is provided with certain distance h, and this distance h is controlled at 3 ~ 12m.
4. according to the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment described in the claim 3; It is characterized in that: fin type water wall (8) is evenly arranged along cylindrical shell water wall (6) circumference; Its quantity is 2 ~ 40; Highly be not more than 2/3 of cylindrical shell water wall 6, fin water wall (8) width is not more than 1/2 of cylindrical shell water wall (6) radius of a circle.
5. according to the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment described in the claim 1; It is characterized in that: water coolant spout (12) is provided with 1 ~ 3 layer; Every layer of 2 ~ 40 spout; Water coolant spout (12) arranges evenly that along downtake (13) circumference spout direction and horizontal plane form angle, and the angle scope is controlled at 0 ~ 20 °.
6. according to the novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment described in the claim 5, it is characterized in that: downtake (13) internal diameter is 0.5 ~ 2.5m, upcast (14) internal diameter 1.8 ~ 4.8m, height 2.8 ~ 6.2m.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103305283A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Gasification device and method for preparing gas from high-efficiency coal water slurry |
| CN103361125A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-10-23 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Semi-radiant semi-chill flow radiation syngas cooler apparatus |
| CN103820169A (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2014-05-28 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Combined cooling and purifying device and method for high-temperature raw gas |
| CN104388126A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-03-04 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | High temperature synthesis gas sensible heat recovery and washing dedusting apparatus |
| CN104629807A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 华东理工大学 | Chilling process gasifier with high-temperature heat recovery unit |
| CN107586569A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-16 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | High-temperature crude synthesis gas cooling and purifying device |
| CN107880939A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-06 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of gasification system |
| CN109337718A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江大学 | By the accumulatingdust slagging method for reducing negative pressuren zone negative pressure in gasification furnace radiation waste pot |
| WO2021082942A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater |
| WO2024017148A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasifier |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103305283A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Gasification device and method for preparing gas from high-efficiency coal water slurry |
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| CN104629807A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 华东理工大学 | Chilling process gasifier with high-temperature heat recovery unit |
| CN107586569A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-16 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | High-temperature crude synthesis gas cooling and purifying device |
| CN107880939A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-04-06 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of gasification system |
| CN107880939B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2024-01-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Coal gasification system |
| CN109337718A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-15 | 浙江大学 | By the accumulatingdust slagging method for reducing negative pressuren zone negative pressure in gasification furnace radiation waste pot |
| CN109337718B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Method for preventing dust accumulation and slag formation by reducing negative pressure of negative pressure area in gasification furnace radiation waste boiler |
| WO2021082942A1 (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-05-06 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater |
| WO2024017148A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasifier |
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