CN102796570B - Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment - Google Patents
Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN102796570B CN102796570B CN201110449393.0A CN201110449393A CN102796570B CN 102796570 B CN102796570 B CN 102796570B CN 201110449393 A CN201110449393 A CN 201110449393A CN 102796570 B CN102796570 B CN 102796570B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment which comprises a pressure bearing housing, wherein the upper part in the pressure bearing housing is a single barrel body water-cooling wall radiation waste boiler, the lower part in the pressure bearing housing is a washing and cooling room, the radiation waste boiler comprises a connecting flange of a gasification furnace, a barrel body water-cooling wall, a fin type water-cooling wall and a radiation waste boiler outlet; and the washing and cooling room is arranged under the radiation waste boiler outlet, and comprises a lifting-down pipe, a lifting-up pipe, a cooling water nozzle, a bottom slag bath and a raw gas outlet. According to the technical scheme in the invention, the high-order sensible heat of a gasified product can be recovered by the radiation waste boiler, the temperature of a gasified product can be reduced at the lower temperature in the washing and cooling room in the manner of low-temperature water spraying, and the raw gas can be preliminarily purified.
Description
Technical field
The cooling washing device of coal gas of high temperature while the present invention relates to a kind of carbonaceous solids material gasification production coal gas.
Background technology
Airflow bed gasification furnace moves conventionally under high temperature, condition of high voltage, and the gasification product of vapourizing furnace outlet has higher temperature (1200～1600 ℃).Because gasification after product utilizes the difference of technique, the cooling and purifying process program of gasification after product is also different, conventionally can be divided into three kinds of pot destroying process, chilling process and useless pot-chilling process.
For industries such as synthetic ammonia and hydrogen manufacturing, need to adopt chilling process, the high-temperature gasification product that vapourizing furnace produces enters shock chamber, in shock chamber, directly contacts with water more, completes cooling, humidification and rough purification process.This flow process equipment and operating process are all comparatively simple, but the angle of utilizing from energy considers, chilling process vapourizing furnace mainly exists that thermo-efficiency is low, the wasting of resources is large, energy utilization is unreasonable and the feature such as sewage load is large.Compare with pot destroying process, heating gas decrease in efficiency 5～8%, therefore, in other process systems, such as methanol production, IGCC generating etc., must carry out efficient recovery to the sensible heat of gasification product, to improve whole efficiency of energy utilization.
The sensible heat of the high-temperature gasification product that pot destroying process mainly produces gasification by radiation waste pot absorbs and is converted into high-order water vapor, and this part water vapor can be used for subsequent technique steam or generates electricity for steam turbine.Recyclable the more than 10% of raw coal net calorific value that is equivalent to, can make overall thermal coal gas efficiency reach approximately 95%, than the chilling process efficiency of energy utilization of identical gasifying process, improves 4～5 percentage points.The most of lime-ash that enters radiation waste pot is trapped by radiation waste pot bottom slag bath, and raw gas obtains rough purification.But the subject matter that radiation waste pot exists is at present the problems such as cost is high, equipment is complicated, operational stability is low.Especially radiation waste pot exports the band ash problem of raw gas, has had a strong impact on the operation stability of subsequent technique equipment (pot etc. gives up as convection current).
Useless pot-chilling process, be that vapourizing furnace outlet high-temperature gasification product cools to 700 ℃～800 ℃ after radiation waste pot, by water Quench, wash needed temperature again, both the high-order sensible heat of product had been carried out to efficient recovery, also raw gas has been carried out to rough purification and humidification processing.But, also do not have equipment can realize sensible heat simultaneously and reclaim and these two kinds of techniques of humidification dedusting.
Therefore, the advanced high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of development is one of gordian technique approach improving coal in China Transform efficiency.On the one hand for to make the sensible heat of high-temperature gasification product obtain effective recycling; Want on the other hand optimization design heat recovery equipment to improve its serviceability, reduce cost; Finally, hope can make gasification product in this processing unit, obtain preliminary purifying and dedusting, meeting under the condition of process requirements, based on above reduction equipment manufacturing cost and the consideration that realizes stable operation, in the urgent need to sensible heat is reclaimed and two kinds of process requirements organic combinations of humidification dedusting, the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of exploitation combined type.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are to provide the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of a kind of combined type, to meet, Modern Coal-based Chemical manufacturing enterprise and IGCC generating etc. are reclaimed extensive efficient air fluidized bed gasification product sensible heat and the demand of humidification dedusting technology, improve the whole efficiency of energy utilization of Clean Coal Gasification Technology.
Design of the present invention is as follows: in order to realize efficient, stable, the long-term operation of entrained flow bed gasification system, except making vapourizing furnace steady running, one of key is to guarantee the efficient stable operation of raw gas cooling system.So, dust stratification, the slagging scorification that must stop as much as possible in water cooler are even blocked up the appearance of the bad working environments such as slag, and are reached as much as possible the abundant cooling, purifying effect of gasification product.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of a kind of combined type, this equipment has pressure-bearing shell, top in pressure-bearing shell is that single cylinder water wall radiation waste pot, bottom are scrubbing-cooling chamber, and radiation waste pot comprises joint flange, cylindrical shell water wall, fin type water wall, the outlet of radiation waste pot with vapourizing furnace; Scrubbing-cooling chamber is arranged on radiation waste pot outlet below, comprises downtake, upcast, water coolant spout, bottom slag bath and raw gas outlet.Technical scheme of the present invention, utilizes radiation waste pot to reclaim the high-order sensible heat of gasification product, and the mode then spraying by water at low temperature is reduced to lesser temps by gasification product temperature wash cooling is indoor, and makes raw gas obtain rough purification.
This its upper side radiation waste pot and vapourizing furnace adopt flange to be connected, and ingress adopts the enlarging design of refractory materials wall, are beneficial to slag and come off and enter radiation waste pot center flow channels, can prevent that slag from directly touching water wall wall formation slagging scorification.And enlarging design can also weaken the formation of entrance jet entrainment effect to entrance jet recirculating zone.
Radiation waste pot partly adopts the design of single cylinder water wall, and water-cooled wall barrel inner side is provided with fin type water wall, and this fin type water wall is arranged in radiation waste pot water-cooled wall barrel part on the lower side.Owing to being entrained with a large amount of molten state ash solid impurity particles in gasification product, along with the increase of working time of radiation waste pot, may there is the phenomenons such as dust stratification or the covering of bonded property lime-ash in its internal water cooling wall wall, and heat-transfer effect will be under some influence.Therefore, fin type water wall top and cylindrical shell water wall upper end are provided with certain distance h, and this distance is controlled at 4～12m, and concrete numerical value can draw according to calculation of parameter such as jet subtended angle borders.Guarantee that grey solid impurity particle jet does not directly touch fin type water wall, in order to avoid form dust stratification or slagging scorification on fin type water wall, reduce heat transfer property.Fin type water wall arranges that height can carry out design calculation according to process requirements and cinder notch gasification product temperature, be not more than 2/3 of cylindrical shell water wall height, fin type water wall arranged direction and cylindrical shell water wall are arranged in parallel, and 2～40 of quantity, along being evenly arranged on water-cooled wall barrel circumference.Fin type water wall is too much unsuitable, and overstocked layout will easily form the stifled slag of dust stratification.
Downtake internal diameter is 0.5～2.5m, upcast internal diameter 1.8～4.8m, height 2.8～6.2m.
The present invention has scrubbing-cooling chamber in radiation waste pot arranged beneath, and the gasification product after radiation waste pot cooling processing will directly contact with spray water, and uncured slag will directly be solidified and fall into bottom slag bath by water at low temperature.Water coolant spout is located at downtake inner side, arranges 1～3 layer, every layer of 2～40 spout, and spout arranges that along downtake even circumferential spout direction and horizontal plane form angle α, angle α scope control is at 0～20 °.In low temperature rough gas along downtake, flow downward, meet bottom slag bath liquid level and turn back and enter upcast, at top, turn back and flow out from outlet, enter subsequent technique.Raw gas is reduced to process requirements temperature (～180 ℃) after scrubbing-cooling chamber fully contacts with spray water, and the major part ash solid impurity particle that raw gas is carried secretly is removed in washing temperature-fall period, obtains rough purification effect.Multilayer water coolant spout is set and can improves high-temperature gasification product cooling rate and cooling-down effect, make the heat load distribution in downtake more even.If it is downward to adopt water coolant to spray into direction, can promote grey solid impurity particle to be carried secretly by air-flow downwards, avoid lime-ash directly to contact downtake wall, and can prevent that the bias current of gasification product from forming asymmetric washing away to downtake inwall.
The present invention bottom is provided with the slag bath of collecting slag, and most of grey solid impurity particle relies on gravity and air-flow entrainment force directly to fall into slag bath, and the particle process spray effect that granularity is less is washed and enters slag bath.Lime-ash enters bottom lock hopper by bottom slag bath and discharges.
Advantage of the present invention:
1) novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention can be used for IGCC power generation system and modern chemical industry production system, radiation waste pot reclaims the sensible heat of high temperature, high-pressure gasified product, to produce high-pressure saturated water vapor, required process steam and auxiliary steam in steam turbine generating or Chemical Manufacture is provided, can greatly improves whole efficiency of energy utilization;
2) in the radiation waste drum body water wall of novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention, side-lower is provided with fin type water wall, under guaranteeing without the prerequisite of slagging scorification hidden danger, can effectively increase heating surface area, can greatly reduce radiation waste pot size, reduce whole investment;
3) novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment provided by the invention below is provided with scrubbing-cooling chamber, gasification product temperature after spray washing reduces rapidly, reach the temperature required requirement of subsequent technique, raw gas dregginess through spray washing reduces greatly, reached rough purification effect, also realized the humidification of raw gas, met the processing requirement of follow-up Chemical Manufacture simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is scrubbing-cooling chamber mouth spray cross section diagrammatic cross-sectional view;
Description of reference numerals: 1-radiation waste pot and vapourizing furnace joint flange, 2-radiation waste pot entrance refractory materials cast layer, 3-cylindrical shell water wall outlet header upcast, 4-cylindrical shell water wall outlet header, 5-pressure of equipment shell, 6-radiation waste drum body water wall, 7-fin type water wall outlet header, 8-fin type water wall tube, the outlet of 9-fin type water wall header, 10-fin type water wall header entrance, 11-fin type water wall connects fin, 12-scrubbing-cooling chamber mouth spray, 13-scrubbing-cooling chamber downtake, 14-scrubbing-cooling chamber upcast, 15-scrubbing-cooling chamber traverse baffle, 16-scrubbing-cooling chamber rising area, the outlet of 17-raw gas, 18-bottom slag bath, 19-radiation waste pot cinder notch, 20-cylindrical shell water wall and bearing shell gap, 21-bottom slag-drip opening, between 22-cylindrical shell water wall tube, connect fin, 23-scrubbing-cooling chamber spray water uniform device, 24-fin type water wall entrance header, 25-cylindrical shell water wall entrance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation, but the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention is sensible heat recovery and the purification apparatus for Large Efficient vapourizing furnace high-temperature product, mainly radiation waste pot and scrubbing-cooling chamber two portions, consists of.Equipment is connected by radiation waste pot top flange 1 with vapourizing furnace body, and radiation waste pot mainly consists of pressure-bearing shell 5, the cylindrical shell water wall 6 that reclaims product high temperature sensible heat and fin type water wall 8 etc.Lower wash cooling room mainly consists of pressure-bearing shell 5, mouth spray 12, spray water uniform device 23, downtake 13, upcast 14, the bottom slag bath 18 of collecting slag, slag-drip opening 21 and raw gas outlet 17 etc.The process fin type water wall 8 respectively of water wall entrance 10,25 and cylindrical shell membrane wall 6 reclaim the heat of high-temperature gasification products, and convert water heating to high-pressure saturated steam/water, and water vapor can be used for steam turbine generating or other process gass of preheating.The rapid Quench of water at low temperature that the gasification product that flows into scrubbing-cooling chamber from radiation waste pot outlet 19 is sprayed by mouth spray 12 in scrubbing-cooling chamber ingress, the high-temperature ash particle being carried falls into slag bath 18 and discharges after solidifying rapidly, raw gas is through the spray washing of scrubbing-cooling chamber, temperature is reduced to approximately 180 ℃, and obtains from exporting 17 outflows, entering subsequent technique after rough purification.
Embodiment:
Certain air flow bed coal slurry gasifier day is processed 2000 tons, coal (butt)/sky, goes out the coal gas of high temperature flow 214000Nm3/h that vapourizing furnace enters radiation waste pot, 1350 ℃ of temperature, pressure 3.5MPa.The outside pressure-bearing shell internal diameter of radiation waste pot 4.85mm, straight section aspect ratio 4.6, straight section height 22.3m; Cylindrical shell water wall central diameter 3.2m, height 19.6m, cylindrical shell inner side hangs down 20 fin type water wall, fin type water wall height 7.5m, fin type water wall width 0.4m, pipe specification adopts 48 * 6mm, and upper end and cylindrical shell water wall distance from top h are 8.0m, and fin type water wall is along the circumferential direction evenly arranged.The temperature that enters the high-temperature water of cylindrical shell water wall and fin type water wall is 312 ℃, pressure 112MPa, and steam output is 225t/h.The temperature that above operational condition can make gasification product export 19 places at radiation waste pot bottom is reduced to approximately 700 ℃.
Gasification product continues to enter scrubbing-cooling chamber downwards, by temperature, is about 180 ℃ of water at low temperature Quench, and the spray water water yield is up to 35t/h, spout is established 2 layers, along downtake, divides two sections of layouts, and every layer of spout number is 24, along downtake even circumferential, arrange, the downward angle α of spout is set to 7.5 °.Basically identical for guaranteeing that raw gas goes out temperature and the chilled water of scrubbing-cooling chamber, downtake internal diameter 1.6m, high 4m, upcast internal diameter 2.8m.
Through above design and running, overall performance of the present invention is as follows:
Heat lost by radiation: <0.4%
Available rate: >95%
Radiation waste pot temperature in: 1200～1400 ℃
Radiation waste pot temperature out :～700 ℃
Scrubbing-cooling chamber temperature out :～180 ℃
Working pressure (tube side): 11.2atm
Working pressure (shell side): 35atm
This novel combined high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment can be used for the high temperature sensible heat that the carbonaceous solids material gasifications such as coal in IGCC generating and Modern Coal-based Chemical device generate gasification product and reclaims.
Claims (6)
1. the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of combined type, is characterized in that: have pressure-bearing shell (5), the top in described pressure-bearing shell (5) is that single cylinder water wall radiation waste pot, bottom are scrubbing-cooling chamber; Described radiation waste pot comprises joint flange (1), cylindrical shell water wall (6), the radiation waste pot outlet (19) with vapourizing furnace; Described scrubbing-cooling chamber is arranged on radiation waste pot outlet (19) below, comprises downtake (13), upcast (14), water coolant spout (12), bottom slag bath (18) and raw gas outlet (17); Be cooled in the scrubbing-cooling chamber ingress rapid Quench of water at low temperature of water spout (12) ejection of the gasification product that flows into scrubbing-cooling chamber from radiation waste pot outlet (19), the downtake (13) of flowing through downwards, after bottom meeting, slag bath (18) liquid level is turned back, enter the annular space of downtake (13) and upcast (14), then turn back and enter downwards after the annular space of upcast (14) and pressure-bearing shell (5), from raw gas outlet (17), discharge;
The entrance of described radiation waste pot is truncated cone-shaped enlarging;
The internal diameter of cylindrical shell water wall (6) is larger than the internal diameter of truncated cone-shaped enlarging bottom.
2. according to the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of the combined type described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: pressure-bearing shell (5) internal diameter 2.5～6.5mm at radiation waste pot place, aspect ratio 3.5～8.
3. according to the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of the combined type described in claim 2, it is characterized in that: in the disposed inboard that is parallel to cylindrical shell water wall (6), have fin type water wall (8), the upper end of the top of fin type water wall (8) and cylindrical shell water wall (6) is provided with certain distance h, and this distance h is controlled at 3～12m.
4. according to the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of the combined type described in claim 3, it is characterized in that: fin type water wall (8) is arranged along cylindrical shell water wall (6) even circumferential, its quantity is 2～40, highly be not more than 2/3 of cylindrical shell water wall (6), fin water wall (8) width is not more than 1/2 of cylindrical shell water wall (6) radius of a circle.
5. according to the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of the combined type described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: water coolant spout (12) arranges 1～3 layer, every layer of 2～40 spout, water coolant spout (12) is arranged along downtake (13) even circumferential, spout direction and horizontal plane form angle α, and angle α scope control is at 0～20 °.
6. according to the high temperature rough gas cooling-washing equipment of the combined type described in claim 5, it is characterized in that: downtake (13) internal diameter is 0.5～2.5m upcast (14) internal diameter 1.8～4.8m, height 2.8～6.2m.
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| CN201110449393.0A CN102796570B (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2011-12-28 | Novel composite type high-temperature raw gas cooling and washing equipment |
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| CN102796570B true CN102796570B (en) | 2014-11-12 |
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Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103305283A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2013-09-18 | 煤炭科学研究总院 | Gasification device and method for preparing gas from high-efficiency coal water slurry |
| CN103361125B (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2014-12-31 | 煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司 | Semi-radiant semi-chill flow radiation syngas cooler apparatus |
| CN103820169B (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-08-19 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | A kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device and method |
| CN104388126B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2017-03-15 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | High-temperature synthesis gas sensible heat is reclaimed and cleaning dust device |
| CN104629807A (en) * | 2015-03-03 | 2015-05-20 | 华东理工大学 | Chilling process gasifier with high-temperature heat recovery unit |
| CN107586569A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-16 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | High-temperature crude synthesis gas cooling and purifying device |
| CN107880939B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2024-01-12 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Coal gasification system |
| CN109337718B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江大学 | Method for preventing dust accumulation and slag formation by reducing negative pressure of negative pressure area in gasification furnace radiation waste boiler |
| CN110669554A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2020-01-10 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Gasification device for treating waste solids and wastewater |
| CN113150835A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 华东理工大学 | Water wall lining, radiation waste boiler comprising same and gasification furnace |
| WO2024017148A1 (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 航天长征化学工程股份有限公司 | Gasifier |
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