CN103820169B - A kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device and method - Google Patents
A kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103820169B CN103820169B CN201410086465.3A CN201410086465A CN103820169B CN 103820169 B CN103820169 B CN 103820169B CN 201410086465 A CN201410086465 A CN 201410086465A CN 103820169 B CN103820169 B CN 103820169B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]
- Y02E20/18—Integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC], e.g. combined with carbon capture and storage [CCS]
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device, comprise vapourizing furnace and the raw gas water cooler of coaxial setting, raw gas water cooler is connected with reversal chamber by run, and shock chamber is with being located in below reversal chamber; Raw gas water cooler comprise from outside to inside successively coaxial arrange bearing shell, circular channel and centre channel, the inlet zone of raw gas water cooler is provided with low temperature and swashs cold air inlet; Top, shock chamber and upper side are circumferentially provided with Quench spray gun, are provided with grey pond bottom shock chamber, and syngas outlet is located at shock chamber's lower side, and inner syngas outlet front end, shock chamber is provided with baffle and strainer.Present invention also offers a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling and purifying method.Device provided by the invention solves prior art Problems existing from three aspects such as raw gas cooling, purification and humidifications, and structure design is more reasonable, and cost of investment reduces greatly, and operation stability obtains effective guarantee simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high temperature raw coal gas cooling device, particularly relate to a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device and method, belong to High Temperature High Pressure product Exposure degree purification techniques field.
Background technology
The occurrence characteristics of Energy resources determines the main energy sources of Mei Shi China, and this situation can not change within the quite a long time from now on.The irrational utilization of coal and the relative backwardness of technology, make it as the main provider of the energy, while propelling economy, social development, also becomes main source of pollution, propose stern challenge to environment.The fundamental way solving this contradiction be rationally, clean, utilize coal resources efficiently, research and develop energetically and apply clean coal technology.
The birth of integrated gasification combined cycle plants (IGCC) technology, the cleaning for coal transforms and brings new life.Efficient combined cycle generation system of fuel gas-steam and clean Coal Gasification Technology combine by this technology, and existing high generation efficiency, the environmental-protecting performance had again is a kind of promising cleaning coal utilization technology.Two gas head coal poly-generation technology based on gasification gas and pyrolysis coal gas, the feature of the rich carbon of gasification gas and the rich hydrogen of coke-oven gas is utilized to carry out common reformation, transform producing synthesis gas, reach greenhouse gases source to reduce discharging, and avoid the water resources consumption in water gas shift reaction, with alcohol-ether fuel and electric power for the finished product, this low-carbon energy technology has been subject to the great attention of energy-related scientific worker and government administration section.
Coal Gasification Technology is developed so far existing multiple raw gas purifying technology, technology representative at present has a kind of high temperature rough gas washing, purifying equipment and purification system disclosed in domestic technique patent CN114681 and CN201010608202, dust in high temperature rough gas tentatively removes by its mode mainly through water Quench, raw gas heat is taken away in the mode of water evaporation and intensification simultaneously, owing to consuming more water resources, the major drawbacks of this kind of scheme is the area not being suitable for rich coal lack of water, and the heat of large losses, efficiency of energy utilization is lower, be not suitable for the systems engineerings such as IGCC generating.Chinese patent 201110437264.X gives a kind of radiation waste pot type technical scheme of available full waste heat recovery, waste heat recovery can be carried out to the high temperature rough gas that high-temperature coal gasification produces, output middle pressure steam, reach the object that sensible heat of raw gas reclaims, substantially increase efficiency of energy utilization, but system investments and maintenance cost improve, stable equipment operation declines, cannot meet the demands for needing Chemical Manufacture raw gas being added to wet treatment, also need separately to establish humidifier, therefore use has certain limitation.
In order to solve above-mentioned high temperature rough gas cooling, purifying problem, meet requirement and the energy utilization efficiency target of various application, in the urgent need to a kind of new type high temperature raw gas cooling purifying device simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature sensible heat that can maximally utilise gasification product, and effectively lowers the temperature to raw gas, is humidified and the combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device of udst separation process and method.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is to provide a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device, it is characterized in that: comprise vapourizing furnace, and raw gas water cooler is with being located in below vapourizing furnace; Outlet above raw gas water cooler side is connected with reversal chamber by run, and shock chamber is with being located in below reversal chamber;
Raw gas water cooler comprise from outside to inside successively coaxial arrange bearing shell, circular channel and centre channel, the inlet zone of raw gas water cooler is provided with low temperature and swashs cold air inlet, is provided with slag bath immediately below centre channel;
Top, shock chamber and upper side are circumferentially provided with Quench spray gun, grey pond is provided with bottom shock chamber, syngas outlet is located at shock chamber's lower side, and inner syngas outlet front end, shock chamber is provided with baffle, is also provided with strainer between baffle and syngas outlet.
Preferably, described vapourizing furnace carries out transition with raw gas water cooler by lower cinder notch and is connected; Described reversal chamber inwall is water wall or structure of refractory, is coaxially connected below described reversal chamber by bell with described shock chamber.
Preferably, be provided with slag bath slag-drip opening bottom described slag bath, described grey basin bottom is provided with grey pond ash discharging hole.
Preferably, described reversal chamber top is provided with Quench shower nozzle.
Preferably, described low temperature swashs cold air inlet and arranges at the even circumferential of described raw gas water cooler inlet zone along described bearing shell; Described low temperature swashs cold air inlet at least one deck setting, and every layer is provided with at least two spouts.
Preferably, the centre channel of described raw gas water cooler is shell and tube or coil tube type water wall structure, and the outside wall surface of described circular channel is water wall or refractory liner structure.
Preferably, described run inwall is that water wall is jacket structured, and the bearing shell size formed obliquely of described run medullary ray and described raw gas water cooler is the angle of 15 ° ~ 90 °.
Preferably, the Quench spray gun of described shock chamber upper side is 1 ~ 6 layer of setting, and every layer is provided with 2 ~ 12 Quench spray guns.
Present invention also offers a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling and purifying method, adopt above-mentioned combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device, it is characterized in that: the method is made up of following 5 steps:
Step 1: high temperature rough gas is carried grey solid impurity particle secretly and entered raw gas water cooler from the lower cinder notch bottom vapourizing furnace:
Step 2: low temperature Quench gas sprays into raw gas water cooler by swashing cold air inlet from raw gas water cooler inlet zone, fully mixes Quench to 900 DEG C with high temperature rough gas logistics;
Step 3: flowed downward by the centre channel of the mixture flow of Quench to 900 DEG C along raw gas water cooler, after meeting the slag bath bottom raw gas water cooler, most of grey solid impurity particle is captured at slag bath liquid level and is separated and discharges from slag bath slag-drip opening, and a small amount of fly ash granule is turned back with raw gas and entered the circular channel of raw gas water cooler;
Step 4: raw gas is upwards flowed by circular channel, outlet above raw gas water cooler side is flowed out and is entered run, enter reversal chamber along run, raw gas is turned back at reversal chamber and is entered shock chamber downwards, and the raw gas temperature entering run controls to be 300 ~ 600 DEG C;
Step 5: raw gas in shock chamber by the abundant Quench of water lamp refrigerant that sprays into from Quench spray gun and washing, the buck produced is collected by the grey pond bottom shock chamber and is discharged from grey pond ash discharging hole, raw gas after humidification purification is after the metre filter at traverse baffle rear, flow out from syngas outlet and enter subsequent technique, raw gas temperature now controls at 200 ~ 300 DEG C.
Preferably, in described step 2, low temperature Quench gas is raw gas or rare gas element after the purification of 180 ~ 380 DEG C.
Combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention and method are applicable to the raw gas cooling of large-scale air-flow bed coal-gasification technique, purification and humidification etc. and treating processes.Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the efficient recovery high-order sensible heat of gasification product, richly produces a large amount of high pressure or middle pressure steam, can be used for promoting steam needed for steam turbine generating, the auxiliary steam of Chemical Manufacture and gasifying process itself, substantially increases efficiency of energy utilization;
(2) membrane wall and the combined technological design of low temperature Quench gas Quench is adopted, economically greatly reduce equipment size, reduce the investment cost that the structures such as water wall manufacture, the cooling performance of raw gas is ensure that from technique, can effective means water wall fouling and slagging, technical and economic performance improves greatly;
(3) organically combined by three kinds of process meanses such as low temperature Quench gas, waste heat boiler and Quench washing, reach the function that waste heat recovery, the ash disposal purification of the raw gas degree of depth and synthetic gas are humidified, technique is mature and reliable more.
Device provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and solve prior art Problems existing from three aspects such as raw gas cooling, purification and humidifications, structure design is more reasonable, and cost of investment reduces greatly, and operation stability obtains effective guarantee simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention schematic diagram when not arranging Quench shower nozzle; Fig. 2 is combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention schematic diagram when arranging Quench shower nozzle;
Fig. 3 is Quench gas entrance section schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is chilled water gun inlets schematic cross-section.
Embodiment
For making the present invention become apparent, hereby with several preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.
Affect that raw gas water cooler is long-term, efficient, the principal element of steady running, except existing except certain association with the operation condition of gasification system, also there is very close relationship with the Dual-Phrase Distribution of Gas olid flow characteristics of high temperature logistics in raw gas water cooler and temperature distributing characteristic, often because high-temperature fusion, semi-melting state ash solid impurity particle easily impact film-type water-cooling wall surface and the phenomenons such as dust stratification, slagging scorification, stifled slag occur, have a strong impact on the operation stability of raw gas water cooler.Therefore, when gasification unit operation stable conditions, how to optimize the Quench cooling of raw gas cooling system and the matching problem of dust separation system, become the key point ensureing gasification and cooling and dedusting system long-period stable operation.
Fig. 1 is combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device schematic diagram provided by the invention, described combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device comprises vapourizing furnace 1, vapourizing furnace 1 and raw gas water cooler adopt the lower cinder notch 2 be made up of refractory brick or water wall to carry out transition to be connected, and vapourizing furnace 1 and raw gas water cooler are coaxially arranged.Raw gas water cooler comprises bearing shell 15, bearing shell 15 inner coaxial is provided with circular channel wall 14, centre channel water wall 13 is provided with at circular channel wall 14 inner coaxial, form circular channel 9 between circular channel wall 14 and centre channel water wall 13, centre channel water wall 13 inside forms centre channel 3.The centre channel 3 of raw gas water cooler, circular channel wall 14 and bearing shell 15 etc. all adopt cylindrical design, and the low temperature of raw gas water cooler inlet zone swashs cold air inlet 12 and enters the certain angle of interruption-forming with raw gas, and low temperature Quench gas forms jet obliquely.Be provided with slag bath 6 immediately below centre channel 3, bottom slag bath 6, be provided with slag bath slag-drip opening 17.The pressure-bearing shell of raw gas water cooler is directly communicated with run 8 with the outlet above the side surface side of circular channel, and be transitioned into reversal chamber 4, run 8 adopts the obliquely design contrary with gravity direction, and the slag bath 6 that part flying dust can be made to fall back bottom raw gas water cooler, avoids bringing follow-up workshop section into.The preferred span of angle α formed between the bearing shell 15 of run 8 and raw gas water cooler is 15 ° ~ 90 °.Coaxially be connected with shock chamber 5 by bell 20 below reversal chamber 4, top, shock chamber 5 and upper side are equipped with Quench spray gun 16 along cylindrical shell circumference, shock chamber 5 lower side is provided with syngas outlet 11, inner syngas outlet 11 front end, shock chamber 5 is provided with baffle 19, is also provided with strainer 10 between baffle 19 and syngas outlet 11.Be provided with grey pond 7 bottom shock chamber 5, bottom grey pond 7, be provided with grey pond ash discharging hole 18.
Composition graphs 2, according to field conditions such as the operating load of gasification system and the operation conditions of raw gas water cooler, reversal chamber 4 top optional dress Quench shower nozzle 23, to improve Quench cooling and moisturization effect.
Composition graphs 3, the low temperature of raw gas inlet zone swashs cold air inlet 12 and arranges along the even circumferential of bearing shell 15, multilayer low temperature can be set and swash cold air inlet 12, low temperature swashs low temperature Quench gas that cold air inlet 12 sprays into and can be the rare gas elementes such as low temperature rough gas, C02 or nitrogen after purification, and the preferred value of temperature that low temperature swashs the low temperature Quench gas that cold air inlet 12 sprays into is 180 DEG C ~ 380 DEG C.Centre channel water wall 13 is connected and composed by water wall fin 22 by some water wall tubes 21.
Composition graphs 4, the Quench spray gun 16 arranged in shock chamber 5 sprays into forming fine drop after liquid water atomization mainly through machinery and pressure type, and every layer of Quench spray gun 16 is arranged along the housing even circumferential of shock chamber 5, longitudinally 1 ~ 6 layer can be arranged, every layer of 2 ~ 12 spray gun.The chilled water temperature that Quench spray gun 16 sprays into is 120 DEG C ~ 180 DEG C, can adopt clear ash water and rear systemic circulation buck.
The purifying method of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention is: temperature is that the high temperature logistics of 1300 ~ 1500 DEG C flows downward from vapourizing furnace 1, low temperature Quench gas Quench that cold air inlet 12 sprays into is swashed from low temperature to about 900 DEG C at raw gas inlet zone, through the heat-absorbing action of the cooling wall such as central water-cooling wall passage 3 grade of raw gas water cooler, raw gas has been down to about 600 DEG C in run 8.To be flowed downward by bell 20 through the raw gas of reversal chamber 4 and enter shock chamber 5, in shock chamber 5, low temperature liquid water sprays into shock chamber 5 by forming tiny drop after the high speed and high pressure atomization of Quench spray gun 16, sufficient caloic exchange is carried out with raw gas, the temperature of raw gas is made to be reduced to rapidly about 200 DEG C by about 600 DEG C of reversal chamber, because operative liquid chilled water and lime-ash droplet entrainment are in raw gas, two obstacles are provided with before syngas outlet 11, baffle 19 and strainer 10 respectively, raw gas can be avoided to carry a large amount of liquid water secretly and ash separates shock chamber 5, larger burden is brought to subsequent technique.
Combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention is suitable for the heat recovery of gasification product in extensive gasification Chemical Manufacture, the Exposure degree being particularly useful for integrated gasification combined cycle plants (IGCC) power generation system gasification island gasification product utilizes and raw gas cooling and purifying unit in chemical industry synthesis factory, significant to the efficiency of energy utilization of raising gasification system.The dry coal powder gasification systematic difference example of the coal water slurry gasification system and day output 1500t coal that are applied to day output 3000t coal respectively with this device below sets forth beneficial effect of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention is applied to the coal water slurry gasification system of day output 3000t coal, when adopting the low temperature rough gas Quench of rear systemic circulation, angle α is 30 °, Quench spray gun 16 is 3 layers of setting, every layer is provided with 4 Quench spray guns 16, its operating parameters and accessible main performance index as follows:
Synthetic gas butt volumetric flow rate: 259435Nm
3/ h;
Synthetic gas enters raw gas water cooler temperature in: 1320 DEG C;
Low temperature swashs cold air temperature: 278 DEG C;
Low temperature Quench airshed: 306133Nm
3/ h;
Raw gas enters run temperature: 350 DEG C;
Raw gas goes out shock chamber's temperature: 218 DEG C;
System radiating loses: < 0.3%;
System availability: > 96%;
Raw gas water cooler water wall operating pressure (tube side): > 10.0MPa;
The grey solid impurity particle 85% that raw gas is carried secretly is trapped by the slag bath of bottom in raw gas water cooler, and the flying dust of about 14% is by eccysis in shock chamber, and the flying dust of residue less than 1% is synthesized gas and carries secretly and enter downstream process system.
Embodiment 2
Combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention is applied to the dry coal powder gasification system of day output 1500t coal, when adopting the low temperature rough gas Quench of rear systemic circulation, angle α is 60 °, Quench spray gun 16 is 4 layers of setting, every layer is provided with 6 Quench spray guns 16, its operating parameters and accessible main performance index as follows:
Synthetic gas butt volumetric flow rate: 151063Nm
3/ h;
Synthetic gas enters raw gas water cooler temperature in: 1435 DEG C;
Low temperature swashs cold air temperature: 255 DEG C;
Low temperature Quench airshed: 203935Nm
3/ h;
Raw gas enters run temperature: 588 DEG C;
Raw gas goes out shock chamber's temperature: 228 DEG C;
System radiating loses: < 0.3%;
System availability: > 96%;
Raw gas water cooler water wall operating pressure (tube side): > 10.0MPa;
The grey solid impurity particle 75% that raw gas is carried secretly is trapped by bottom slag bath in raw gas water cooler, and the flying dust of about 24% is by eccysis in shock chamber, and the flying dust of residue less than 1% is synthesized device and carries secretly and enter downstream process system.
Compared with prior art, the energy utilization efficiency of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device provided by the invention and method improves 3% ~ 5%, ash decreasing ratio improves 5% ~ 20%, facility investment expense reduces 35% ~ 55% compared with full pot destroying process, and bath water amount reduces 20% ~ 40% compared with full water chilling process.
Claims (10)
1. a combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device, is characterized in that: comprise vapourizing furnace (1), and raw gas water cooler is with being located in vapourizing furnace (1) below; Outlet above raw gas water cooler side is connected with reversal chamber (4) by run (8), and shock chamber (5) are with being located in reversal chamber (4) below;
Raw gas water cooler comprises bearing shell (15), circular channel (9) and the centre channel (3) of coaxial setting successively from outside to inside, the inlet zone of raw gas water cooler is provided with low temperature and swashs cold air inlet (12), is provided with slag bath (6) immediately below centre channel (3);
(5) top, shock chamber and upper side are circumferentially provided with Quench spray gun (16), bottom, shock chamber (5) is provided with grey pond (7), syngas outlet (11) is located at shock chamber (5) lower side, shock chamber (5) inner syngas outlet (11) front end is provided with baffle (19), is also provided with strainer (10) between baffle (19) and syngas outlet (11).
2. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described vapourizing furnace (1) carries out transition with raw gas water cooler by lower cinder notch (2) and is connected; Described reversal chamber (4) inwall is water wall or structure of refractory, and described reversal chamber (4) below is coaxially connected with described shock chamber (5) by bell (20).
3. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described slag bath (6) bottom is provided with slag bath slag-drip opening (17), described grey pond (7) bottom is provided with grey pond ash discharging hole (18).
4. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described reversal chamber (4) top is provided with Quench shower nozzle (23).
5. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described low temperature swashs cold air inlet (12) and arranges at the even circumferential of described raw gas water cooler inlet zone along described bearing shell (15); Described low temperature swashs cold air inlet (12) at least one deck setting, and every layer is provided with at least two spouts.
6. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the centre channel (3) of described raw gas water cooler is shell and tube or coil tube type water wall structure, and the outside wall surface of described circular channel (9) is water wall or refractory liner structure.
7. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described run (8) inwall is that water wall is jacket structured, bearing shell (15) size formed obliquely of described run (8) medullary ray and described raw gas water cooler is the angle (α) of 15 ° ~ 90 °.
8. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Quench spray gun (16) of described shock chamber (5) upper side is 1 ~ 6 layer of setting, and every layer is provided with 2 ~ 12 Quench spray guns (16).
9. a combined type height temperature rough gas cooling and purifying method, adopts combined type height temperature rough gas cooling purifying device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method is made up of following 5 steps:
Step 1: high temperature rough gas is carried grey solid impurity particle secretly and entered raw gas water cooler from the lower cinder notch (2) of vapourizing furnace (1) bottom;
Step 2: low temperature Quench gas sprays into raw gas water cooler by swashing cold air inlet (12) from raw gas water cooler inlet zone, fully mixes Quench to 900 DEG C with high temperature rough gas logistics;
Step 3: flowed downward by the centre channel (3) of the mixture flow of Quench to 900 DEG C along raw gas water cooler, meet slag bath (6) bottom raw gas water cooler afterwards most of grey solid impurity particle be captured at slag bath liquid level and be separated and discharge from slag bath slag-drip opening (17), a small amount of fly ash granule to be turned back the circular channel (9) entering raw gas water cooler with raw gas;
Step 4: raw gas is upwards flowed by circular channel (9), outlet above raw gas water cooler side is flowed out and is entered run (8), reversal chamber (4) is entered along run (8), raw gas is turned back at reversal chamber (4) and is entered shock chamber (5) downwards, and the raw gas temperature entering run (8) controls to be 300 ~ 600 DEG C;
Step 5: raw gas in shock chamber (5) by the abundant Quench of water coolant that sprays into from Quench spray gun (16) and washing, the buck produced is collected by the grey pond (7) of shock chamber (5) bottom and is discharged from grey pond ash discharging hole (18), after the strainer (10) of raw gas after humidification purification through traverse baffle (19) rear filters, flow out from syngas outlet (11) and enter subsequent technique, raw gas temperature now controls at 200 ~ 300 DEG C.
10. a kind of combined type height temperature rough gas cooling and purifying method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, low temperature Quench gas is raw gas or rare gas element after the purification of 180 ~ 380 DEG C.
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| CN104593085B (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2016-08-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of granulating slag melts coal gasifier and coal gas preparation technology |
| CN105255522B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2018-03-20 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | High-temperature gasification product Quench converts purifier and its process |
| CN110105983B (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2020-07-17 | 湖北华电襄阳发电有限公司 | Biomass gas making system |
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