WO2021082008A1 - 符号处理的方法与装置 - Google Patents

符号处理的方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082008A1
WO2021082008A1 PCT/CN2019/115142 CN2019115142W WO2021082008A1 WO 2021082008 A1 WO2021082008 A1 WO 2021082008A1 CN 2019115142 W CN2019115142 W CN 2019115142W WO 2021082008 A1 WO2021082008 A1 WO 2021082008A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
symbol
transmission symbol
transmission
sub
sequence
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/115142
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凤威
马千里
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to AU2019472104A priority Critical patent/AU2019472104B2/en
Priority to EP19950712.0A priority patent/EP4033708A4/en
Priority to CN201980101452.XA priority patent/CN114556875B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/115142 priority patent/WO2021082008A1/zh
Publication of WO2021082008A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082008A1/zh
Priority to US17/731,326 priority patent/US11843485B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/08—Modifications for reducing interference; Modifications for reducing effects due to line faults ; Receiver end arrangements for detecting or overcoming line faults
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H04L27/2607—Cyclic extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
    • H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and device for symbol processing.
  • the guard interval can remove the inter-symbol interference (ISI) between adjacent symbols;
  • the guard interval converts the linear convolution of the channel and the transmitted symbol into a cycle of the channel and the transmitted symbol Convolution, which allows the symbol receiver to use frequency domain equalization to eliminate channel multipath effects.
  • ISI inter-symbol interference
  • a cyclic prefix is used as a guard interval between symbols.
  • the cyclic prefix is a cyclic structure formed by copying a piece of data after a data symbol (or called the tail) to the front (or called the head) of the symbol.
  • cyclic prefixes of the same length are configured for different users.
  • the current technology chooses to use a cyclic prefix length greater than the maximum multipath delay of users with large delays as the unified cyclic prefix. length. But for users with small delays, a too long cyclic prefix will cause unnecessary bandwidth overhead or loss of transmission rate.
  • the present application provides a method and device for symbol processing, which can realize flexible configuration of the guard interval between symbols without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix.
  • a method for symbol processing includes: generating a first transmission symbol in a transmission symbol sequence, where the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol have the same first symbol component, and the first symbol component is in the first transmission symbol.
  • the starting position in a transmission symbol is the starting position of the first transmission symbol
  • the starting position of the first symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted
  • the second transmission symbol is and
  • the next transmission symbol adjacent to the first transmission symbol, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol both have a cyclic prefix; the first transmission symbol is sent.
  • the receiving end determines a first reception window for receiving the first transmission symbol, and adjusts the time of the first reception window, so that the first reception window can receive the first transmission symbol completely; using the adjusted first reception The window receives the first transmitted symbol.
  • the interference caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • the length of the first symbol component can be increased to reduce or overcome the interference caused by the multipath effect.
  • increasing the length of the first symbol component can increase the adjustment time of the reception window of the first transmission symbol accordingly, so that the reception window of the first transmission symbol does not contain other components.
  • the symbol is transmitted, and the first transmitted symbol can be completely received within the receiving window of the first transmitted symbol, so that the interference caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • this application can reduce or overcome the interference caused by multipath effects without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix, this application can flexibly implement the guard interval between symbols based on the needs of users with different channel conditions. length.
  • This application does not limit the manner in which the receiving end receives the first transmitted symbol.
  • the receiving end can determine the way of receiving the first transmitted symbol according to application requirements.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol may represent any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the first transmission symbol may represent the previous one of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first transmission symbol represents the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol may represent the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the method further includes: generating a third transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol having the same second symbol component ,
  • the end position of the second symbol component in the third transmission symbol is the position of the intercepting cyclic prefix of the third transmission symbol
  • the end position of the second symbol component in the fourth transmission symbol is the end position of the fourth transmission symbol
  • the fourth The transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the third transmission symbol, and both the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol have a cyclic prefix; the third transmission symbol is sent.
  • the guard interval between symbols can also be flexibly set without relying on the CP length.
  • the transmission symbols provided in this application can support multiplexing (frequency, space and time) between users with different subcarrier spacing and/or CP types. .
  • the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol may represent any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the third transmission symbol may represent the latter of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the third transmission symbol may be the same transmission symbol as the first transmission symbol.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol also have the same second symbol component
  • the end position of the second symbol component in the first transmission symbol is the end position of the first transmission symbol
  • the second symbol component is in the first transmission symbol.
  • the end position in the second transmission symbol is the position where the CP of the second transmission symbol is intercepted.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • At least one sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence is a channel demodulation reference signal.
  • generating the first transmit symbol in the transmit symbol sequence includes: obtaining a plurality of complex symbols; dividing the plurality of complex symbols into a plurality of sets, where: Each set corresponds to one transmit symbol, and the multiple sets include a first set corresponding to the first transmit symbol and a second set corresponding to the second transmit symbol; the first set and the second set are copied, so that the first set and the first set There are partially identical complex symbols between the two sets; the first transmitted symbol is generated based on the first set.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol, wherein when the first transmission symbol is not a transmission sequence When the first symbol is transmitted, the cyclic prefix of the first transmitted symbol is added before the discrete Fourier transform DFT is performed on the first set.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol, wherein when the first transmission symbol is a transmission sequence When the first symbol is transmitted, the cyclic prefix of the first symbol is added after the discrete Fourier transform DFT is performed on the first set.
  • a method for symbol processing comprising: determining a first reception window for receiving a first transmission symbol in a transmission symbol sequence, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol having the same first symbol Component, the starting position of the first symbol component in the first transmission symbol is the starting position of the first transmission symbol, and the starting position of the first symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the truncated cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol Position, the second transmit symbol is the next transmit symbol adjacent to the first transmit symbol, and both the first transmit symbol and the second transmit symbol have a cyclic prefix; adjust the time of the first receive window so that the first receive window can be completely received The first transmission symbol; the first transmission symbol is received using the adjusted first reception window.
  • the interference caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • the length of the first symbol component can be increased to reduce or overcome the interference caused by the multipath effect.
  • increasing the length of the first symbol component can increase the adjustment time of the reception window of the first transmission symbol accordingly, so that the reception window of the first transmission symbol does not contain other components.
  • the symbol is transmitted, and the first transmitted symbol can be completely received within the receiving window of the first transmitted symbol, so that the interference caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • this application can reduce or overcome the interference caused by multipath effects without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix, this application can flexibly implement the guard interval between symbols based on the needs of users with different channel conditions. length.
  • This application does not limit the manner in which the receiving end receives the first transmitted symbol.
  • the receiving end can determine the way of receiving the first transmitted symbol according to application requirements.
  • adjusting the time of the first receiving window includes: moving the time of the first receiving window back by a first step, and the first step is not greater than the first The length of the symbol component.
  • the first transmission symbol is the first transmission symbol of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the method further includes: determining a third receiving window for receiving the third transmit symbol in the transmit symbol sequence, the third transmit symbol and the fourth transmit The symbols have the same second symbol component, the end position of the second symbol component in the third transmission symbol is the position of the intercepted cyclic prefix of the third transmission symbol, and the end position of the second symbol component in the fourth transmission symbol is the fourth The end position of the transmission symbol, the fourth transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the third transmission symbol, and both the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol have a cyclic prefix; the third transmission symbol is received using the third reception window.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • At least one sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence is a channel demodulation reference signal.
  • a method for symbol processing comprising: generating a first sub-transmission symbol in a transmission symbol sequence, wherein the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol ; Send the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component
  • the start position of the first symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the start position of the first transmission symbol
  • the start position in the second sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted
  • the second sub-transmission symbol is the next transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol is the same as the Both sub-transmission symbols have a cyclic prefix. and / or
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is intercepted, and the second symbol component
  • the end position in the third sub-transmission symbol is the end position of the third sub-transmission symbol
  • the third sub-transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission The symbols all have a cyclic prefix.
  • the interference caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • the third transmit symbol and the previous transmit symbol adjacent to it have the same second symbol component, it is possible to flexibly set the guard interval between symbols without relying on the CP length.
  • the guard interval of each sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence can be flexibly set.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol is the first sub-transmission symbol of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol when the first sub-transmission symbol is not the first sub-transmission symbol of the transmission sequence, the first sub-transmission symbol does not include the first symbol component.
  • generating the first sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence includes: obtaining multiple complex symbols; dividing the multiple complex symbols into multiple sets, where , Each set corresponds to one transmission symbol, and the multiple sets include a first set corresponding to the first transmission symbol and a second set corresponding to the second transmission symbol; the first set and the second set are copied, so that the first set and The second set has partially identical complex symbols; the first sub-transmission symbol is generated based on the first set.
  • the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is used to discretize the first set.
  • the Fourier transform was added before DFT.
  • the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is used for discretizing the first set. Added after Fourier transform DFT.
  • a symbol processing device is provided, and the communication device is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.
  • the device may include a module for executing the method provided in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.
  • a communication device in a fifth aspect, includes a processor coupled with a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program or instruction, and the processor is used to execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory, so that the first aspect , The method in the second or third aspect is executed.
  • the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes the method in the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.
  • the communication device includes one or more processors.
  • the communication device may further include a memory coupled with the processor.
  • the communication device may include one or more memories.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor or provided separately.
  • the communication device may also include a transceiver.
  • a chip in a sixth aspect, includes a processing module and a communication interface, the processing module is used to control the communication interface to communicate with the outside, and the processing module is also used to implement the method provided in the first, second, or third aspect .
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer realizes the method provided in the first, second, or third aspect.
  • An eighth aspect provides a computer program product containing instructions that when executed by a computer cause the computer to implement the method provided by the first aspect, the second aspect, or the third aspect.
  • this application makes it possible to reduce or overcome interference caused by multipath effects without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix by making two adjacent transmitted symbols have partially the same symbol components. Therefore, this application The length of the guard interval between symbols can be flexibly realized based on the needs of users with different channel conditions.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of using a cyclic prefix (CP) as a guard interval between symbols;
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for symbol processing according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic flowchart of a symbol processing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of the time domain structure of transmitted symbols in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is another schematic diagram of the time domain structure of transmitted symbols in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission symbol sequence obtained based on processing of a single transmission symbol
  • FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 are basic flowcharts of generating transmission symbols in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating transmission symbols according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic flowchart of a method for generating transmission symbols according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between sets and transmitted symbols without performing cyclic shift in an embodiment of the application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between sets and transmitted symbols in the case of performing cyclic shift in an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another process of generating transmission symbols in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of performing a copy operation on multiple sets in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 19 is another schematic diagram of the time domain structure of the transmitted symbol in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 20 is another schematic diagram of the time domain structure of transmitted symbols in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of a symbol processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic block diagram of a symbol processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 23 is another schematic block diagram of a symbol processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 24 is another schematic block diagram of a symbol processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 25 is still another schematic block diagram of a symbol processing apparatus provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic block diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic block diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • guard intervals can be used to resist the multipath effect of the channel, such as cyclic prefix (CP), unique word (UW) and zero tail (ZT), etc.
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • UW unique word
  • ZT zero tail
  • Single carrier waveforms include, but are not limited to, discrete fourier transformation-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveforms, single carrier quadrature amplitude modulation (Single carrier-quadrature) amplitude modulation, SC-QAM) waveform.
  • DFT-s-OFDM discrete fourier transformation-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • SC-QAM single carrier quadrature amplitude modulation
  • This application relates to a cyclic prefix as a guard interval between symbols.
  • the implementation of the cyclic prefix as the guard interval between symbols is to copy the sampling points (also referred to as symbol components) at the end of a transmitted symbol to before the start of the transmitted symbol. As shown in Figure 1.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the time domain structure of a cyclic prefix (hereinafter referred to as CP) as a guard interval between symbols.
  • the CP of the transmission symbol 1 refers to a cyclic structure formed before the symbol components of a section of the transmission symbol 1 from the position where the CP is intercepted to the end position are copied to the start part of the transmission symbol 1.
  • the CP of the transmission symbol 2 refers to a cyclic structure formed by copying a section of symbol components from the position where the CP is intercepted to the end position in the transmission symbol 2 to the front of the transmission symbol 2.
  • the transmission symbol 1 and the transmission symbol 2 shown in FIG. 1 are two adjacent transmission symbols before and after the transmission symbol. Among them, the CP of transmission symbol 2 can be used as a guard interval between transmission symbol 1 and transmission symbol 2, and the CP of transmission symbol 1 can be used as a protection between transmission symbol 1 and the previous transmission symbol (not shown in Figure 1) interval.
  • ISI inter-symbol interference
  • ICI inter-channel interference
  • the cyclic prefix needs to meet the following two conditions.
  • condition 1) If condition 1) is met, ISI can be removed.
  • the cyclic prefix needs to ensure that the transmitted symbol can be completely received within the receiving window of the transmitted symbol.
  • condition 2 If condition 2) is met, ICI can be removed.
  • the receiving window of a transmitted symbol contains the complete waveform of the transmitted symbol, so that after the transmitted symbol reaches the receiving end through multipath channel transmission, the linear convolution of the transmitted symbol and the channel is converted into the transmitted symbol and the channel. Circular convolution, so that the receiver can use frequency domain equalization to eliminate the multipath effect of the channel.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of received signals under two channel conditions.
  • Figure 2 only shows a schematic diagram of the first path and the maximum delay path (corresponding to two channel conditions). It should be understood that FIG. 2 is only for illustration and not limitation.
  • the first situation shown in FIG. 2 indicates that the maximum multipath delay of the channel does not exceed the length of the CP, and the second situation indicates that the maximum multipath delay of the channel exceeds the length of the CP.
  • the transmit symbol 1 is not included in the receive window of the transmit symbol 2, so the ISI of the transmit symbol 1 to the transmit symbol 2 can be avoided.
  • the reception window of symbol 1 also does not include the transmitted symbol before the transmitted symbol 1 (not shown in FIG. 2), so the transmitted symbol 1 will not be subject to ISI. It can be understood that the length of the CP is not less than the maximum multipath delay, and the ISI between adjacent received symbols can be removed.
  • the CP of the transmit symbol 1 can ensure that the receive window of the transmit symbol 1 contains the complete waveform of the transmit symbol 1
  • the CP of the transmit symbol 2 can ensure that the receive window of the transmit symbol 2 contains the transmit The complete waveform of symbol 2, so that CP can remove ICI.
  • the receiving window of the transmission symbol 2 contains a segment of the symbol component of the transmission symbol 1, resulting in the transmission symbol 2 being subject to the ISI of the transmission symbol 1.
  • the receive window of transmit symbol 1 does not contain the complete waveform of transmit symbol 1
  • the receive window of transmit symbol 2 does not contain the complete waveform of transmit symbol 2. Therefore, in case 2, ICI cannot be removed. .
  • cyclic prefixes of the same length are configured for different users.
  • the current technology chooses to use a cyclic prefix length greater than the maximum multipath delay of users with large delays as the unified cyclic prefix. length.
  • a longer cyclic prefix may be allocated to users with a small delay.
  • the addition of the cyclic prefix will result in bandwidth costs, that is, the longer the cyclic prefix, the greater the bandwidth cost, or, in other words, the longer the cyclic prefix, the greater the transmission rate loss. Therefore, for users with small delays, an excessively long cyclic prefix will cause unnecessary bandwidth overhead or loss of transmission rate.
  • this application proposes a method and device for symbol processing, which can realize flexible configuration of the guard interval between symbols without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix. For example, this application can reduce or overcome ISI and ICI caused by multipath effects for users with different channel conditions while avoiding unnecessary bandwidth overhead.
  • This application can be applied to various communication systems, for example, cellular communication systems such as long term evolution (LTE) systems and their evolution, fifth generation (5G) systems, machine to machine communication (machine to machine, M2M) system or other communication systems that will evolve in the future.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G fifth generation
  • M2M machine to machine
  • the 5G wireless air interface technology is called a new radio (NR)
  • NR new radio
  • the 5G system can also be called an NR system.
  • single-carrier waveforms include but are not limited to: DFT-s-OFDM waveforms, SC-QAM waveforms.
  • the waveform is the transmitted symbol of DFT-s-OFDM, which can also be called DFT-s-OFDM symbol.
  • the waveform is the transmitted symbol of SC-QAM, which can also be called SC-QAM symbol.
  • SC-QAM which can also be called SC-QAM symbol.
  • the transmit symbols in the embodiment of the present application may be DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols.
  • the sending end may be a terminal device, and the receiving end may be a network device.
  • the sending end in the embodiment of the present application may be a network device, and the receiving end may be a terminal device.
  • terminal devices involved in this article include handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, or computing devices with wireless communication capabilities.
  • terminal equipment may refer to user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, User agent or user device.
  • the terminal device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiver function.
  • Terminal equipment can also be virtual reality (VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, and smart Wireless terminals in power grids, wireless terminals in smart cities, and wireless terminals in smart homes.
  • the terminal device may be a terminal device in a 5G network or a terminal device in a public land mobile network (PLMN) that will evolve in the future.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the network equipment involved in this article can be used to communicate with one or more terminal devices, and can also be used to communicate with one or more base stations with partial terminal functions (for example, between a macro base station and a micro base station, such as an access point). Communication). Network equipment can be called a base station. Base stations may come in many forms, such as macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and access points. Exemplarily, the network equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a base station in a new radio (NR), or may be a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (code division multiple access).
  • NR new radio
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • code division multiple access code division multiple access
  • the base transceiver station (BTS) in division multiple access (CDMA) can also be the node B (NB) in the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or it can be An evolved Node B (evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system.
  • NB node B
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the base station in 5G NR may also be called a transmission reception point (TRP) or next generation Node B (gNB).
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • gNB next generation Node B
  • the transmitted symbols involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used for uplink transmission and can also be used for downlink transmission.
  • the waveforms of the transmitted symbols involved in the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, DFT-s-OFDM waveforms and SC-QAM waveforms.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a symbol processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps.
  • the transmitting end generates a first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, where the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol have the same first symbol component, and the start position of the first symbol component in the first transmission symbol is the The starting position of the first transmission symbol, the starting position of the first symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted, and the second transmission symbol is adjacent to the first transmission symbol For the latter transmission symbol, both the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol have a cyclic prefix.
  • S320 The sending end sends the first transmission symbol.
  • the receiving end receives the first transmitted symbol.
  • step S320 the receiving end uses the adjusted receiving window of the first transmission symbol to receive the first transmission symbol.
  • the method further includes: the receiving end determines a first reception window for receiving the first transmission symbol, and adjusts the time of the first reception window so that the first reception window The first transmitted symbol can be completely received.
  • the receiving end uses the adjusted first receiving window to receive the first transmitted symbol.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol are the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 in FIG. 6 respectively, and the first symbol component is the symbol component D1 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first receiving window is shown as the receiving window x in Fig. 6, and the adjusted first receiving window is shown as the receiving window x'in Fig. 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a time domain structure of a transmitted symbol in an embodiment of this application.
  • the reception of transmitted symbols under two channel conditions is given.
  • FIG. 6 only shows a schematic diagram of the first path and the maximum delay path (corresponding to two channel conditions).
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 shown in FIG. 6 represent two adjacent transmission symbols, and the transmission symbol x is before the transmission symbol x+1.
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have the same symbol component D1, where the start position of the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol x is the start position of the transmission symbol x, and the transmission symbol x+1
  • the starting position of the symbol component D1 is the position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol x+1.
  • Both the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have a cyclic prefix (hereinafter referred to as CP for short).
  • CP cyclic prefix
  • the CP of the transmission symbol x+1 also includes a symbol component D1, and the symbol component D1 is located at the head of the CP of the transmission symbol x+1.
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have the same symbol component D1, which means that the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have symbol components with the same length and the same content.
  • the receiving window x shown in FIG. 6 represents the receiving window of the transmitted symbol x.
  • the reception window x'shown in Fig. 6 represents the reception window x after the time adjustment has elapsed.
  • the receiving end can receive the transmitted symbol x within the receiving window x'.
  • the header of the CP of the transmission symbol x+1 contains the symbol component D1 of the transmission symbol x, therefore, the part of the CP of the transmission symbol x+1 that enters the receiving window x'also belongs to the component of the transmission symbol x .
  • the first step length is not greater than the length of the symbol component D1, it can be guaranteed that the receiving window x'will not include symbol components other than the transmitted symbol x.
  • receiving the transmitted symbol x in the receiving window x' one is to make no other transmitted symbols in the receiving window x', and the other is to make the receiving window x'can receive the transmitted symbol x completely, thereby reducing or overcoming the multipath effect Caused by ISI and ICI.
  • the multiplicity can be reduced or overcome. ISI and ICI caused by path effect.
  • the length of the first symbol component can be increased to reduce or overcome the ISI and ICI caused by the multipath effect.
  • increasing the length of the first symbol component can increase the adjustment time of the reception window of the first transmission symbol accordingly, so that the reception window of the first transmission symbol does not contain other components.
  • the symbol is transmitted, and the first transmitted symbol can be completely received within the receiving window of the first transmitted symbol, so that the ISI and ICI caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • the embodiments of this application can flexibly implement the guard interval between symbols without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the transmitted symbol is completely received within the receiving window of a certain transmitted symbol, that is, Reduce or overcome ISI and ICI caused by multipath effects.
  • this application can reduce or overcome ISI and ICI caused by multipath effects without relying on the length of the cyclic prefix, this application can flexibly implement inter-symbol protection based on the needs of users with different channel conditions.
  • the length of the interval can be implemented using
  • the present application does not limit the manner in which the receiving end receives the first transmitted symbol.
  • the receiving end can determine the way of receiving the first transmitted symbol according to application requirements.
  • the receiving end can use the first receiving window (that is, the receiving window of the first transmitting symbol) to receive the first transmitted symbol, that is, there is no need to adjust the first receiving window .
  • the receiving end may use the adjusted first receiving window (that is, the receiving window of the first transmitted symbol) to receive the first transmitted symbol, where the adjusted first The receiving window can completely receive the first transmitted symbol.
  • the manner in which the receiving end receives the first transmitted symbol can be independently determined by the receiving end, which is not limited in this application.
  • the length mentioned in this article for example, the length of the CP and the length of the symbol component, all refer to the length of time.
  • the time length can also be expressed by the number of time domain sampling points.
  • FIG. 3 is only an example and not a limitation.
  • the transmitting end may generate all the transmitted symbols in the transmitted symbol sequence before sending.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol may represent any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the first transmission symbol may represent the previous one of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 may represent any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the receiving end may use the time-adjusted receiving window to receive the remaining transmitted symbols except the last transmitted symbol in the transmitted symbol sequence.
  • the first transmission symbol represents the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol may represent the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the transmission symbol x represents the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence
  • the transmission symbol x+1 represents the second transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the method further includes the following steps S330 and S340.
  • the transmitting end generates a third transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the third transmission symbol is the third transmission symbol
  • the position where the cyclic prefix is intercepted, the end position of the second symbol component in the fourth transmission symbol is the end position of the fourth transmission symbol, the fourth transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the third transmission symbol, and the third transmission symbol
  • Both the symbol and the fourth transmitted symbol have a cyclic prefix.
  • the sending end sends a third transmission symbol.
  • the receiving end uses the receiving window of the third transmission symbol to receive the third transmission symbol.
  • step S330 and step S320 is not limited.
  • the transmitting end may generate all the transmitted symbols in the transmitted symbol sequence before sending.
  • the third transmission symbol is the transmission symbol x+1 as shown in FIG. 6,
  • the fourth transmission symbol is the transmission symbol x as shown in FIG. 6, and the second symbol component is the symbol component D2 as shown in FIG. 6,
  • the receiving window of the third transmitted symbol is the receiving window x+1 as shown in FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a time domain structure of a transmitted symbol in an embodiment of this application.
  • the reception of transmitted symbols under two channel conditions is given.
  • FIG. 6 only shows a schematic diagram of the first path and the maximum delay path (corresponding to two channel conditions).
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 shown in FIG. 6 represent two adjacent transmission symbols, and the transmission symbol x is before the transmission symbol x+1.
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have the same symbol component D2, where the end position of the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol x is the end position of the transmission symbol x, and the symbol component in the transmission symbol x+1
  • the end position of D2 is the position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol x+1.
  • the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have the same symbol component D2, which means that the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have symbol components with the same length and the same content.
  • both the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have a cyclic prefix (hereinafter referred to as CP for short).
  • the receiving window x represents the receiving window of the transmitted symbol x
  • the receiving window x+1 represents the receiving window of the transmitted symbol x+1.
  • the part of the receiving window x+1 into which the transmitted symbol x enters is part of the symbol component D2, and the transmitted symbol x+1 also contains the symbol component D2, that is, the receiving window x+ into which the transmitted symbol x enters
  • the part of 1 is also the symbol component contained in the transmitted symbol x+1 itself. Therefore, the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 have the same symbol component D2, which can prevent symbol components that do not belong to the transmission symbol x+1 from entering the transmission symbol even when the maximum multipath delay exceeds the CP length.
  • x+1 reception window which can overcome ISI.
  • the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol x and the CP of the transmission symbol x+1 can be regarded as an equivalent guard interval between the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1.
  • the guard interval between symbols can also be flexibly set without relying on the CP length to overcome ISI and ICI caused by multipath delay.
  • the length of the symbol component D2 can be controlled to overcome the multipath effect of different users.
  • the transmission symbols shown can support multiplexing (frequency division, space division and time division) among users with different subcarrier spacing and/or CP types.
  • the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol may represent any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence. That is, the third transmission symbol may represent the latter of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first transmission symbol may represent the previous one of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence, or the first transmission symbol only represents the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the third transmission symbol may be the same transmission symbol as the first transmission symbol.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol also have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the first transmission symbol is the end position of the first transmission symbol , The end position of the second symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the position of the intercepted CP of the second transmission symbol.
  • the first transmission symbol is the transmission symbol 1 shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a time domain structure of a transmitted symbol in another embodiment of this application.
  • a schematic diagram of the reception situation of the transmitted symbol under two channel conditions is shown.
  • FIG. 7 only shows a schematic diagram of the first path and the maximum delay path (corresponding to two channel conditions).
  • transmit symbol 0, transmit symbol 1, and transmit symbol 2 respectively represent the first, second, and third transmit symbols in the transmit symbol sequence.
  • Transmission symbol 0, transmission symbol 1, and transmission symbol 2 all have a CP.
  • Receiving window 0 represents the receiving window of the transmitted symbol
  • the step size of the receiving window 0'relative to the receiving window 0 is not greater than the symbol component D1
  • the receiving window 1 represents the transmitting symbol
  • the receiving window of 1, and the receiving window of 2 represent the receiving window of the transmitted symbol 2.
  • the transmission symbol 0 and the transmission symbol 1 have the same symbol component D1
  • the start position of the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol 0 is the start position of the transmission symbol 0
  • the start position of the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol 1 The position is the position where the CP of the transmitted symbol 1 is intercepted.
  • the multipath effect of the transmission symbol 0 can be overcome by using the reception window 0'to receive the transmission symbol 0.
  • the transmission symbol 0 and the transmission symbol 1 also have the same symbol component D2, the end position of the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol 0 is the end position of the transmission symbol 0, and the end position of the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol 1 is The position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol 1.
  • the transmission symbol 1 and the transmission symbol 2 have the same symbol component D3
  • the end position of the symbol component D3 in the transmission symbol 1 is the end position of the transmission symbol 1
  • the end position of the symbol component D3 in the transmission symbol 2 is the transmission The position of the interception CP of symbol 2.
  • the non-first transmitted symbol and its adjacent subsequent transmitted symbol may also have the same symbol component similar to the symbol component D1.
  • the transmission symbol 1 and the transmission symbol 2 shown in FIG. 7 also have the same symbol component D4, and the start position of the symbol component D4 in the transmission symbol 1 is the start of the transmission symbol 1.
  • Position, the starting position of the symbol component D4 in the transmitted symbol 2 is the position where the CP of the transmitted symbol 2 is intercepted.
  • the receiving end can also use the adjusted receiving window of the transmitted symbol 1 (denoted as receiving window 1') to transmit the symbol 1, for example, the receiving window 1'slides backward relative to the receiving window 1 by no more than the symbol The step size of the length of component D4.
  • the multipath effect of the transmission symbol 1 can be overcome by using the reception window 1'to receive the transmission symbol 1.
  • the transmission symbol sequence may include a greater number of transmission symbols, where any two adjacent transmission symbols may have a time domain structure similar to transmission symbol 0 and transmission symbol 1, or similar to transmission symbol 1 and transmission symbol 1. Time domain structure of symbol 2.
  • any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence may be the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the foregoing embodiment, respectively.
  • the last transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence and the adjacent previous transmission symbol may be the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol in the above embodiment, respectively.
  • the time domain structure of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence is as shown in the time domain structure of the transmission symbol x+1 and the transmission symbol x in FIG. 6.
  • the time domain structure of the last transmission symbol and its neighboring previous transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence may be as shown in the time domain structure of the transmission symbol x+1 and the transmission symbol x in FIG. 6.
  • the ISI and ICI caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence may be the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the foregoing embodiment, respectively.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence may be the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment, respectively.
  • the time domain structure of any two adjacent transmission symbols in the transmission symbol sequence is shown in the time domain structure of the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 in FIG. 4.
  • the time domain structure of the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence may be as shown in the time domain structure of the transmission symbol x and the transmission symbol x+1 in FIG. 4.
  • the ISI and ICI caused by the multipath effect can be reduced or overcome.
  • this application by making two adjacent transmitted symbols have the same symbol component, it is possible to flexibly set the guard interval between symbols without relying on the length of the CP. For example, this application can reduce or overcome ISI and ICI caused by multipath effects for users with different channel conditions while avoiding unnecessary bandwidth overhead.
  • the length of the CP of each transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence may be different, may also be the same, or not completely the same.
  • the transmission symbol sequence involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a symbol sequence composed of multiple transmission symbols.
  • the transmission symbol sequence involved in the embodiment of the present application may also be a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • the amount of data that needs to be transmitted is relatively small.
  • the amount of data that needs to be transmitted may be only one or a few bits.
  • the transmission of the service can be completed by one transmission symbol.
  • This scenario is called It is a short packet transmission or a short-term transmission (the short packet transmission is described as an example below).
  • Short packet transmission may exist in uplink transmission.
  • the amount of data that the terminal device needs to send may be only one or A few bits, in this case, the terminal device can send a transmission symbol to complete the service transmission.
  • Short packet transmission may also exist in downlink transmission.
  • the data that the network device needs to send may only be one or a few bits.
  • the network device sends a transmit symbol to complete the transmission of the downlink signal.
  • a reference signal in the single transmission symbol, such as a demodulation reference signal (de-modulation reference signal). , DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • a reference signal is usually added to the reference signal. It can be understood that the single transmission symbol is split into multiple sub-transmission symbols.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of classifying a single transmission symbol into 4 sub-transmission symbols.
  • the reference signal is DMRS as an example.
  • a single transmission symbol is processed into 4 sub-transmission symbols, where the third sub-transmission symbol is a DMRS.
  • the single transmission symbol can be regarded as being processed as a transmission symbol sequence composed of 4 sub-transmission symbols.
  • CP1 represents the CP of the first sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence
  • CP2 represents the CP of the second sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence
  • CP3 represents the CP of the third sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence
  • CP4 represents the transmission The CP of the 4th sub-transmitted symbol in the symbol sequence.
  • This application can be applied to the transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols shown in FIG. 8.
  • a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol is referred to as a second-type transmission symbol sequence hereinafter.
  • the first transmission symbol in the above embodiment may be the first sub-transmission symbol in the second-type transmission symbol sequence, or the first transmission symbol in the above embodiment may represent any phase in the second-type transmission symbol sequence.
  • the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment may represent the last sub-transmission symbol of any two adjacent sub-transmission symbols in the second-type transmission symbol sequence.
  • the length of the CP of each sub-transmission symbol may be different, or the same, or not completely the same.
  • This application also provides a method for symbol processing, which includes the following steps.
  • Step 1 The transmitting end generates the first sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, where the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • Step 2 The sending end sends the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the receiving end receives the first sub-transmission symbol based on the receiving window of the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component
  • the start position of the first symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the start position of the first transmission symbol
  • the start position of the symbol component in the second sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted
  • the second sub-transmission symbol is the next transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol Both have a cyclic prefix with the second sub-transmission symbol.
  • the time-domain structure of the first sub-transmission symbol is the time-domain structure of the transmission symbol x shown in FIG. 4.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol may represent the first sub-transmission symbol in the second column of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol may represent the previous sub-transmission symbol among two adjacent sub-transmission symbols in the second column of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the receiving end may use the adjusted receiving window of the first sub-transmission symbol to receive the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is intercepted,
  • the end position of the second symbol component in the third sub-transmission symbol is the end position of the third sub-transmission symbol, the third sub-transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol, and the first sub-transmission symbol is the same as
  • the third sub-transmission symbols all have a cyclic prefix.
  • the time domain structure of the first sub-transmission symbol is the time domain structure of the transmission symbol x+1 shown in FIG. 6.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol may represent the last sub-transmission symbol among two adjacent sub-transmission symbols in the second column of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission symbol have the same second symbol component
  • the time-domain structure of the first sub-transmission symbol is the time-domain structure of the transmission symbol 1 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol may represent any sub-transmission symbol except the first sub-transmission symbol and the last sub-transmission symbol in the second-column transmission symbol sequence.
  • the receiving end may use the adjusted receiving window of the first sub-transmission symbol to receive the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • this application also provides a method for symbol processing.
  • this method only the sub-transmission symbols whose CP is less than the maximum time delay of the multipath may be subjected to guard interval extension processing.
  • the method includes: determining that the CP of the first sub-transmission symbol in the second-type transmission symbol sequence is less than the maximum multipath delay, and generating the first sub-transmission symbol by using a guard interval extension processing method, and the guard interval extension processing does not change the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the CP length of the transmitted symbol can equivalently extend the guard interval of the first sub-transmitted symbol.
  • the CP extension mode makes the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component, and the first symbol component is in the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the starting position in the symbol is the starting position of the first transmission symbol
  • the starting position of the first symbol component in the second sub-transmission symbol is the position of the intercepting cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol
  • the second sub-transmission symbol is and
  • the first sub-transmission symbol is adjacent to the next transmission symbol, and both the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have a cyclic prefix.
  • the CP extension mode is such that:
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component
  • the start position of the first symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the start position of the first transmission symbol
  • the first symbol component is in the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the starting position in the second sub-transmission symbol is the position of the second transmission symbol to intercept the cyclic prefix
  • the second sub-transmission symbol is the next transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol All transmitted symbols have a cyclic prefix; or
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is intercepted, and the second symbol component
  • the end position in the third sub-transmission symbol is the end position of the third sub-transmission symbol
  • the third sub-transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission The symbols all have a cyclic prefix.
  • a conventional method can be used to generate the sub-transmission symbols.
  • the traditional method is used to generate the four sub-transmission symbols; if the CP2 is less than the maximum multipath delay, the above The guard interval extension processing method generates the second sub-transmission symbol, and the other three sub-transmission symbols are generated by the traditional method.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the basic flow of generating transmission symbols. As shown in Figure 9, the process includes the following steps S920, S940, and S960.
  • multiple complex symbols are divided into multiple sets, and each set corresponds to a transmitted symbol.
  • the plurality of complex symbols may include modulation symbols obtained by modulating the coded bit stream.
  • the modulation method for modulating the coded bit stream may include pi/2-binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude Modulation (quadrature amplitude modulation, QAM), 64QAM, 256QAM, phase shift keying (PSK), amplitude phase shift keying (APSK), non-uniform QAM, etc.
  • BPSK pi/2-binary phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • 16 quadrature amplitude Modulation quadrature amplitude Modulation
  • QAM quadrature amplitude modulation
  • QAM quadrature amplitude modulation
  • PSK phase shift keying
  • APSK amplitude phase shift keying
  • the reference signal sampling points may also be included in the multiple complex symbols.
  • the reference signal sampling points may include phase tracking reference signal (phase tracking reference signal, PTRS) sampling points and the like.
  • Each set corresponds to a transmit symbol, which means that each transmit symbol that is finally generated is generated based on a corresponding set.
  • step S940 Perform a complex symbol copy operation on the multiple sets obtained in step S920.
  • the transmission symbol is obtained by adding CP (or, based on the set after the copy operation obtained in step S940, the CP is added, and then other operations are performed to obtain the transmission symbol.
  • the other operations mentioned include but are not limited to fast Fourier transform, carrier mapping, sampling, filtering, etc.).
  • the copy operation in step 340 makes the two sets have partially the same complex symbols.
  • step S940 The copy operation in step S940 will be described below.
  • the naming conventions for the signals in this article are as follows: the signals to be grouped (or divided) into sets are called complex symbols; the signals obtained by grouping (or dividing) complex symbols are called sets; The set formed by part of the complex numbers in the set is called the subset; the signal sent by the transmitting end is called the transmit symbol.
  • the transmitted symbol in the embodiment of the present application may be a symbol of a single carrier waveform.
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols.
  • the DFT-s-OFDM symbol represents a single carrier symbol whose waveform is a DFT-s-OFDM waveform.
  • the SC-QAM symbol represents a single carrier symbol whose waveform is an SC-QAM waveform.
  • the application of this application to the wireless communication system using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform is recorded as application scenario 1
  • the application of this application to the wireless communication system using the SC-QAM waveform is recorded as application scenario 2.
  • the application scenario of the present application is application scenario 1, that is, the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols.
  • step S950 may be further included between step S940 and step S960.
  • Step S950 includes discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) operations.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • IFFT inverse fast Fourier transform
  • step S950 the transmitter performs M-point DFT transformation on the set after the copy operation, and then maps the frequency domain elements of the M points to M consecutive sub-carriers (not shown in Figure 10). After that, IFFT transformation is performed on the frequency domain signal. After sub-carrier mapping, IFFT is performed. DFT can also be called frequency domain precoding.
  • step S960 includes adding a CP to the signal after IFFT to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM symbol.
  • step S950 also includes a frequency domain spectrum shaping (FDSS) operation.
  • FDSS frequency domain spectrum shaping
  • step S950 the transmitter performs M-point DFT transformation on the set after the copy operation, performs cyclic extension and frequency-domain filtering (ie, FDSS operation) on the M-point frequency domain elements after DFT transformation, and then performs FDSS operation
  • FDSS operation cyclic extension and frequency-domain filtering
  • the application scenario of this application is application scenario 2, that is, the transmission symbol is an SC-QAM symbol.
  • step S960 it not only includes the operation of adding CP, but also includes upsampling and filtering.
  • step S960 the transmitter adds a CP to the collection after the copy operation to obtain the CP-added signal, and then performs up-sampling and filtering on the CP-added signal to finally obtain the SC-QAM symbol.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for generating transmission symbols in an embodiment of the application.
  • the adjacent transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are taken as an example for description, where the transmission symbol y is located before the transmission symbol y+1.
  • the process of generating the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 includes the following steps S1210 to S1240.
  • the plurality of complex symbols may include modulation symbols obtained by modulating the coded bit stream.
  • the reference signal sampling points may also be included in the plurality of complex symbols.
  • the reference signal sampling points may include PTRS sampling points.
  • S1220 Divide multiple complex symbols into multiple sets, which can also be expressed as grouping multiple complex symbols to obtain multiple sets.
  • Each set can include several complex symbols.
  • each set can be regarded as a multi-dimensional time domain vector, and the complex symbols in the set can be regarded as elements in the time domain vector.
  • Each set corresponds to a transmitted symbol.
  • each set corresponds to one DFT-s-OFDM symbol or SC-QAM symbol.
  • the plurality of sets includes a first set corresponding to transmission symbols y and a second set corresponding to transmission symbols y+1.
  • step S1220 may correspond to step S920 shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11, respectively.
  • S1230 Perform a copy operation on the first set and the second set, so that the first set and the second set have partially the same complex symbols.
  • step S1230 may correspond to step S940 shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11, respectively.
  • step S1230 is performed before DFT; in application scenario 2, step 1230 is performed before adding CP.
  • S1240 Generate a transmission symbol y based on the first set, and generate a transmission symbol y+1 based on the second set.
  • the transmitted symbol y and the transmitted symbol y+1 can be made to have any two adjacent transmissions as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 or FIG. 7.
  • the time domain structure of the symbol can be made to have any two adjacent transmissions as shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 or FIG. 7.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 may respectively correspond to the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 may respectively correspond to the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment.
  • step S1230 may have a variety of different implementation manners. This will be described below.
  • three reference points are defined for the transmitted symbol: a first reference point, a second reference point, and a third reference point, where the first reference point indicates the end position of the transmitted symbol, and the first reference point
  • the second reference point represents the position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol
  • the third reference point represents the starting position of the transmitted symbol.
  • the starting position of the transmitted symbol refers to the starting position of the transmitted symbol itself, not the starting position of the CP of the transmitted symbol, or, from another perspective, it can be understood that the starting position of the transmitted symbol refers to the starting position of the transmitted symbol.
  • the end position of the CP of the transmitted symbol is defined for the transmitted symbol: a first reference point, a second reference point, and a third reference point, where the first reference point indicates the end position of the transmitted symbol, and the first reference point
  • the second reference point represents the position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol
  • the third reference point represents the starting position of the transmitted symbol.
  • the starting position of the transmitted symbol refers to the starting position
  • the locations mentioned in this article refer to time domain locations.
  • Application scenario one that is, the transmitted symbol is a DFT-s-OFDM symbol.
  • the symbol processing flow is shown in Figure 10.
  • the time domain vector can be denoted as:
  • x l [x l (0),x l (1),...,x l (M-1)] T
  • x l represents the time domain vector.
  • the time domain vector x l includes M elements, and the time domain indexes of the first element to the last element are 0, 1, ..., M-1, respectively.
  • the calculation result of K is a non-integer. In this case, the calculation result of K needs to be rounded, that is It means that (P/N) ⁇ M is rounded down. It should be understood that the rounding method here may also be rounding up or rounding.
  • the number of sampling points P of the CP can be obtained according to the length of the CP.
  • Application scenario two that is, the transmitted symbol is an SC-QAM symbol.
  • DFT and IFFT are not included before adding the CP, and upsampling and filtering are performed after adding the CP, so the CP length can be directly obtained according to the CP length
  • the number of equivalent points in the time domain vector. Therefore, the transmitter can directly obtain the equivalent CP length value K1.
  • the equivalent CP length value K1 can be obtained according to the length of the CP.
  • the time domain vector without CP added is the M-dimensional time domain vector x l described in Application Scenario 1, and assuming the equivalent CP length value is K1, then for the first reference point of the SC-QAM symbol, it is in the time domain vector
  • the time domain index in x l is M-1.
  • For the second reference point of the SC-QAM symbol its time domain index in the time domain vector x l is M-K1-1.
  • For the first reference point in the SC-QAM symbol Three reference points, whose time domain index in the time domain vector x l is 0.
  • the set can be regarded as a multi-dimensional time domain vector.
  • the time domain vector x l in the above example may represent the time domain vector corresponding to the set.
  • the elements in the time domain vector x l correspond to the complex symbols in the set.
  • the time domain index of the element in the time domain vector x l corresponds to the position of the complex symbol in the collection in the collection.
  • the temporal position e.g., the first reference point, the second reference point, third reference point
  • time domain transmit symbols x l vector index in the time domain and in time domain vector elements x l having a corresponding Correspondence. Therefore, the position of the complex symbol in the set also has a corresponding relationship with the position in the transmitted symbol corresponding to the set.
  • the first set and the second set can be copied in multiple different ways.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol x in FIG. 4
  • the first copy operation can be performed on the first set and the second set in step S1230.
  • the first copy operation makes the first set and the second set have the first complex symbol, the starting position of the first complex symbol in the first set corresponds to the third reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the first complex symbol is at The starting position in the second set corresponds to the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the first complex number symbol may include a plurality of complex number symbols.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol x in FIG. 6
  • the second copy operation can be performed on the first set and the second set in step S1250.
  • the second copy operation makes the first set and the second set have the second complex symbol, the end position of the second complex symbol in the first set corresponds to the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the second complex symbol is in the first set.
  • the end position in the second set corresponds to the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the second complex number symbol may include a plurality of complex number symbols.
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the first subset formed by the second complex number symbol in the first set is the following sub-vector x l [1] in the time domain vector x l corresponding to the first set:
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the second subset formed by the second complex number symbol in the second set is the following sub-quantity x l+1 in the time domain vector x l+1 corresponding to the second set [2]:
  • M is the time domain vector x l dimension of the first set of time domain vector corresponding to the second set corresponding to x l + 1, and Represents the length of the subset formed by the same complex symbols between the first set and the second set
  • MK-1 represents the time domain of the second reference point of the second transmitted symbol in the time domain vector corresponding to the second set Index
  • the value of K is related to the length of the cyclic prefix (CP). For example, the value of K is determined according to the length of CP.
  • K in this example is equal to the equivalent CP length value K1.
  • the sub-vector x l [1] in the time domain vector x l corresponding to the first set is the same as the element contained in the first subset in the first set, and the time domain corresponding to the second set vector x l + 1 sub-vector x l + 1 [2] and a second subset of the second set of elements included in the same.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment, and respectively correspond to the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol 1 and the transmission symbol 2 in FIG. 7, and the third copy operation may be performed on the first set and the second set in step S1250.
  • the third copy operation includes the first copy operation and the second copy operation. That is, the third copy operation makes both the first set and the second set have the first complex number symbol and the second complex number symbol.
  • the first type of copy operation and the second type of copy operation are performed separately.
  • the first type of copy operation and the second type of copy operation are combined and executed, that is, the first type of copy operation and the second type of copy operation are completed in one copy operation.
  • the first copy operation performed on the first set and the second set can also be understood as mapping the first complex number symbol in the first set and the second set.
  • the second copy operation performed on the first set and the second set can also be understood as mapping the second complex number symbol in the first set and the second set.
  • step S1230 Take the second copy operation performed on the first set and the second set in step S1230 as an example.
  • the second complex symbol in the first set is copied to the second set.
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the first subset formed by the copied second complex symbols in the first set is x l [1] described above, and the second complex number copied from the first set to the second set
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the second subset formed by the symbols is x l+1 [2] described above.
  • step S1230 Also take the second copy operation performed on the first set and the second set in step S1230 as an example.
  • the second complex symbol in the second set is copied to the first set.
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the second subset formed by the copied second complex symbols in the second set is x l+1 [2] described above, and is copied from the second set to the first set in the first set.
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the first subset formed by the two complex symbols is x l [1] described above.
  • forward copy and backward copy can also be applied to the first copy operation of the first set and the second set, and will not be repeated here.
  • the above-mentioned third copy operation may be replaced with the first copy operation and signal processing, and the signal processing can realize the shift of the set in the time domain.
  • the method further includes step S1250.
  • Step S1250 signal processing is performed on the first set and the second set, and the signal processing includes cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting.
  • step S1250 the first set and the second set after the copy operation are processed.
  • step S1250 signal processing is performed on the time domain signal corresponding to the first set and the time domain signal corresponding to the second set; if the signal processing in step S1250 is The signal processing is frequency domain weighting, then in step S1250, frequency domain weighting is performed on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the first set and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the second set.
  • step S1250 The execution window of step S1250 varies according to different application scenarios.
  • step S1250 may include 1, 2, and 3 as shown in FIG. 10.
  • step S1250 is executed before DFT.
  • step S1250 the first set and the second set are cyclically shifted.
  • step S1250 is executed after DFT and before IFFT.
  • step S1250 perform DFT on the first set and the second set to obtain the frequency domain signals of the first set and the second set respectively, and then perform frequency domain weighting on the frequency domain signals of the first set and the second set,
  • the cyclic shift of the first set and the second set is equivalently realized.
  • step S1250 is performed after IFFT and before adding CP.
  • step S1250 the time domain symbols of the first set and the second set are cyclically shifted.
  • step S1250 is executed before adding the CP.
  • step S1230 includes: performing a second copy operation on the first set and the second set;
  • step S1250 includes: performing a copy operation on the first set with the same step size and direction. Perform a cyclic shift with the second set, so that the end position of the first subset formed by the second complex symbol in the first set corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the second complex symbol is in the second set The end position of the second subset formed in corresponds to the position after the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • first set and the second set are cyclically shifted with the same step size and direction, it is possible to realize that the symbol component whose end position is the first reference point in the transmitted symbol y ends in the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the position is the same as the sign component of the second reference point.
  • the first set can be generated based on the first set as shown in FIG. Transmission symbol 1, based on the second set, can generate transmission symbol 2 as shown in FIG. 7 (assuming that transmission symbol 1 and transmission symbol 2 shown in FIG. 7 have a symbol component D2).
  • step S1230 through a copy operation, the first set and the second set have partly the same complex symbols.
  • the subset formed by the same plural symbols in the first set is called the first subset
  • the subset formed by the same plural symbols in the second set is called the subset hereinafter.
  • the second subset For the second subset. It should be understood that the lengths of the first subset and the second subset are the same, and the plural symbols included in the first subset and the second subset are the same.
  • the time domain position of the first subset and the time domain position of the second subset may be different. That is, the time domain index of the start position of the first subset is different from the time domain index of the start position of the second subset, and the time domain index of the end position of the first subset is different from the time domain index of the end position of the second subset.
  • the domain index is different.
  • the time domain position of the first subset and the time domain position of the second subset may be the same, that is, the time domain index of the start position of the first subset is the same as the time domain index of the second subset.
  • the time domain index of the start position is the same, and the time domain index of the end position of the first subset is the same as the time domain index of the end position of the second subset.
  • the copy operation that makes the time domain position of the first subset the same as the time domain position of the second subset is referred to as a co-location copy operation.
  • the above-mentioned first copy operation, second copy operation or third copy operation on the first set and the second set in step S1230 can be replaced with the same position copy operation on the first set and the second set
  • the signal processing can realize the shift of at least one of the first set and the second set in the time domain.
  • the signal processing can be achieved by cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting.
  • step 1230 includes: performing a co-location copy operation on the first set and the second set;
  • step S1250 includes: performing signal processing on the first set and the second set to achieve The shift of at least one of the first set and the second set in the time domain.
  • the signal processing in step S1250 includes cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting.
  • the signal processing of the first set and the second set in step S1250 may include the following various signal processing.
  • the first signal processing is the first signal processing.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol x in FIG. 4
  • the transmission symbol x+1 in step S1250, the first type of signal processing is performed on the first set and the second set, and the first type of signal processing makes the start position of the first subset correspond to the third type of the transmission symbol y The reference point, and the second reference point at which the start position of the second subset corresponds to the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the second type of signal processing is the second type of signal processing.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol x in FIG. 6
  • the transmitted symbol x+1 in step S1250, the second type of signal processing is performed on the first set and the second set, and the second type of signal processing makes the end position of the first subset correspond to the first reference of the transmitted symbol y Point, and make the end position of the second subset correspond to the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the third type of signal processing is the third type of signal processing.
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 respectively correspond to the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol in the above embodiment, and respectively correspond to the fourth transmission symbol and the third transmission symbol in the above embodiment
  • the transmission symbol y and the transmission symbol y+1 are respectively the transmission symbol 1 and the transmission symbol 2 in FIG. 7.
  • the first set and the second set are subjected to a third type of signal processing.
  • the processing is such that the start position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the first The start position of the second subset corresponds to the position before the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1, and the end position of the second subset corresponds to the position after the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the third type of signal processing may include two signal processing.
  • step S1250 first signal processing is performed on the first set and the second set respectively, and the first signal processing makes the end position of the first subset correspond to the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and makes the The end position of the two subsets corresponds to the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1; the second signal processing is performed uniformly on the signals of the first set after the first signal processing and the signals of the second set after the first signal processing, The second signal processing is such that the start position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y , And make the starting position of the second subset correspond to the position before the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1, and the end position of the second subset corresponds to the position after the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1 .
  • the second signal processing can be understood as a common shift operation on the first set and the second set.
  • the first signal processing includes cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting
  • the second signal processing includes cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting.
  • the first signal processing is cyclic shift
  • the second signal processing is also cyclic shift
  • the first signal processing is frequency domain weighting
  • the second signal processing may be frequency domain weighting or cyclic shift.
  • the starting position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the starting position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y.
  • the premise of "the position after” is to perform signal processing on the first set, that is, perform cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting on the first set.
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the position corresponds to the head position of the transmitted symbol y
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the third reference point of the transmitted symbol y.
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the position before the first reference point of the symbol y can be understood as "the end position of the first subset”
  • the position corresponds to the head position of the transmitted symbol y”
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the third reference point of the transmitted symbol y.
  • time-domain position of the first subset corresponds to the time-domain position in the transmitted symbol y, which covers the first reference point of the first transmitted symbol (that is, the end position of the first transmitted symbol) Therefore, the following description is adopted: "The start position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y position".
  • step S1250 on the first set and the second set is given below in conjunction with FIG. 15.
  • the transmission symbol y to be generated and the transmission symbol y+1 have the same first symbol component and second symbol component as an example, for example, the transmission symbol y is the transmission symbol 1 in FIG. 7, and the transmission symbol y +1 Transmit symbol 2 as shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 14 shows the correspondence relationship between the set and the transmitted symbol without performing step S1250 after performing the co-location copy operation on the first set and the second set. That is, the transmitted symbol y in FIG. 14 is obtained based on the first set after the co-location copy operation and has not been processed in step S1250, and the transmitted symbol y+1 is based on the co-location copy operation and has not been processed in step S1250. Of the second set.
  • the first complex symbol may include a plurality of complex symbols.
  • the subset formed by the first complex number symbol in the first set is the subset S1 shown in FIG. 14, and the subset formed by the first complex number symbol in the second set is the subset S2 shown in FIG. 14,
  • the time domain positions of the subset S1 and the subset S2 are the same, that is, the start position of the subset S1 and the subset S2 are the same, and the end position is also the same.
  • the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol y is the same as the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol y+1, and the time domain positions of the symbol component D1 and the symbol component D2 are the same.
  • the subset S1 in the first set corresponds to the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol y
  • the subset S2 in the second set corresponds to the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol y+1.
  • FIG. 15 shows the correspondence relationship between the set and the transmitted symbol in the case of performing step S1250 after performing the co-location copy operation on the first set and the second set. That is, the transmitted symbol y in FIG. 15 is obtained based on the first set processed in step S1250 after the co-location copy operation, and the transmitted symbol y+1 is based on the first set processed in step S1250 after the co-location copy operation. Two sets are obtained.
  • the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol y is the same as the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol y+1.
  • the start position of the symbol component D1 is before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the end position of the symbol component D1 is after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y (that is, the head of the transmitted symbol y).
  • the symbol component The end position of D1 is after the third reference point of the transmitted symbol y.
  • the start position of the symbol component D2 is located before the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1
  • the end position of the symbol component D2 is located after the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • the symbol component D1 in the transmission symbol y corresponds to the subset S1 in the first set
  • the symbol component D2 in the transmission symbol y+1 corresponds to the subset S2 in the second set.
  • the transmission symbol y is the transmission symbol 1 in FIG. 7, and the transmission symbol y+1 is the transmission symbol 2 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols
  • step S1250 includes the following steps.
  • IFFT is performed on the frequency domain signal corresponding to the first set and the frequency domain signal corresponding to the second set to obtain the time domain signal corresponding to the first set and the time domain signal corresponding to the second set.
  • the time domain signal corresponding to the first set and the time domain signal corresponding to the second set are cyclically shifted, so that the starting position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the first subset
  • the end position of the set corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the start position of the second subset corresponds to the position before the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1
  • the position of the second subset The end position corresponds to the position after the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1.
  • performing frequency domain processing on the first set and the second set refers to performing DFT on the first set and the second set.
  • step S1250 the shift shown in FIG. 15 is realized by cyclic shift.
  • step S1250 can be executed at the timing shown in 3 in FIG. 10.
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols
  • the process of generating DFT-s-OFDM symbols in this application is as shown in FIG. 16.
  • the process includes the following steps.
  • the coded bit stream is modulated to obtain multiple modulation symbols, the modulation symbols may be called complex symbols, and this step may correspond to step S1210.
  • This step corresponds to step S1220.
  • Performing a copy operation of complex symbols on multiple sets this step may correspond to step S1230.
  • the M point frequency domain elements after DFT transformation are mapped to M consecutive subcarriers (not shown in FIG. 16), and the transmitter inserts zeros on subcarriers other than the M subcarriers or maps the remaining signals.
  • the frequency domain signal is subjected to IFFT transformation. Performing cyclic shift on the signal after IFFT, this step may correspond to step S1250.
  • CP is added to the cyclically shifted signal, and after parallel-to-serial conversion (P/S), a DFT-s-OFDM symbol is finally obtained. This step may correspond to step S1240.
  • the grouping in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented through serial/parallel conversion (S/P).
  • S/P serial/parallel conversion
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols
  • step S1250 includes the following operations.
  • step S1250 the shift as shown in FIG. 15 is equivalently implemented by means of frequency domain weighting.
  • step S1250 may be executed at the timing shown in 2 in FIG. 10.
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols
  • the process of generating DFT-s-OFDM symbols in this application includes the following steps.
  • the coded bit stream is modulated to obtain multiple modulation symbols, the modulation symbols may be called complex symbols, and this step may correspond to step S1210. Group multiple complex symbols to obtain multiple sets.
  • This step corresponds to step S1220.
  • Performing a copy operation of complex symbols on multiple sets this step may correspond to step S1230.
  • the frequency domain weighting is performed on the M-point frequency domain elements after the DFT change.
  • the M point frequency domain elements after the frequency domain weighting are mapped to M consecutive subcarriers, and the transmitter inserts zeros on the subcarriers other than the M subcarriers or maps the remaining signals.
  • the frequency domain signal is subjected to IFFT transformation. Performing cyclic shift on the signal after IFFT, this step may correspond to step S1250.
  • a CP is added to the cyclically shifted signal to finally obtain a DFT-s-OFDM symbol. This step may correspond to step S1240.
  • the weights used satisfy the following formula:
  • C(k,l) represents the weight.
  • j represents the plural symbol, namely
  • N u represents the length of the symbol after IFFT excluding CP
  • M represents the number of DFT points
  • N u represents the length of the symbol after IFFT excluding CP
  • M represents the number of DFT points
  • o1 represents the starting symbol of the accumulation, and the value can be 0, 1, 2, etc.
  • N 1 represents the initial shift value, and N 1 can be set.
  • n 0 (1) M ⁇ N 1 /N u .
  • n 0 (1) can be calculated by N 1.
  • n 0 (1) can be directly defined through a protocol.
  • the equivalent shift value of the transmission symbol with the symbol number l+1 is N CP,l+1 more than the equivalent shift value of the transmission symbol with the symbol number l.
  • N CP,l+1 /N u can be directly defined through a protocol.
  • the cyclic shift is performed after the copy operation and before the CP is added, for example, at the timing shown in 4 in FIG. 11.
  • the transmitted symbols are DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols
  • the signal processing in step S1250 includes cyclic shift
  • this step S1250 includes the following operations: directly respond to step S1230
  • the obtained first set and the second set are cyclically shifted, so that the start position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y, and the end position of the first subset corresponds to the transmitted symbol y
  • the position after the first reference point of, and the start position of the second subset corresponds to the position before the second reference point of the transmitted symbol y+1, and the end position of the second subset corresponds to the transmitted symbol y+1
  • This embodiment may perform the cyclic shift corresponding to the timing shown in 1 in FIG. 10, or this embodiment may perform the cyclic shift corresponding to the timing shown in 4 in FIG. 11.
  • step S1230 is a co-location copy operation
  • the copy operation makes the first set and the second set have part of the same complex number symbols, and the part of the same complex number symbols in the first set is formed into a child
  • the set is marked as the first subset, and the subset formed by the same plural symbols in the second set is marked as the second subset.
  • the time domain index of the starting position of the first subset is the same as the start of the second subset.
  • the time domain index of the starting position is the same, where the time domain index of the starting position of the first subset is related to the length of the CP and the symbol number.
  • the positions of the complex symbols participating in the copy operation can be determined according to the symbol numbers of the transmitted symbols.
  • step S1230 a co-location copy operation is performed on the first set and the second set, where the time domain index i of the starting position of the first subset satisfies the following formula:
  • A represents the time domain index of the first subset in the set whose symbol number 1 is 0.
  • CL CP (l) represents the equivalent cumulative CP length of the first set of symbol number 1, and represents the time domain vector before the DFT of the sum of the CP lengths from the transmitted symbol with symbol number o1 to the transmitted symbol with symbol number l
  • the equivalent length in, where o1 represents the starting symbol of the accumulation, and the value can be 0, 1, 2, etc.
  • the CP lengths of transmission symbols with different symbol numbers may be the same or different.
  • the equivalent cumulative CP length CL CP (l) of the set of symbol number l satisfies the following formula:
  • N u denotes the length of a symbol after IFFT except CP
  • N CP o o represents a symbol number as a set of shift values (CP length) after the IFFT
  • O1 represents the accumulated start symbol
  • the value can be 0, 1, 2, etc., Indicates rounding down. Downward values can be replaced with other rounding methods.
  • the CPs of transmit symbols with different symbol numbers in the signal stream are all the same in length, then in the first set and the second set that have undergone the copy operation, the start position of the first subset is
  • the time domain index i satisfies the following formula:
  • A represents the time domain index of the first subset in the set whose symbol number 1 is 0.
  • L CP represents the equivalent length of the CP length in the time domain vector before the DFT.
  • step S1230 the time domain index of the start position of the first subset is the same as the time domain index of the start position of the second subset. Therefore, the time domain index of the start position of the second subset i also satisfies the above-mentioned following formula.
  • the copy position (that is, the time domain index of the symbol component to be copied) for performing the copy operation on the two sets corresponding to the two transmitted symbols with symbol numbers l and l+1 is the same as the symbol number l+1 and The two sets corresponding to the two transmitted symbols of l+2 have different copy positions for the copy operation.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of the time domain structure after the co-location copy operation is performed on multiple sets corresponding to multiple time domain symbols that are continuous in the time domain.
  • both set 1 and set 2 have a subset G1 composed of plural symbols, and the position of subset G1 in set 1 and set 2 is the same; set 2 and set 3 both have subset G2, and subset G2 has the same position in set 1 and set 2, and so on.
  • L CP represents the equivalent length of the CP length in the time domain vector before the DFT.
  • the first set may not be cyclically shifted, and only the second set may be cyclically shifted.
  • Step S1230 includes: performing a copy operation on the first set and the second set, so that the first set and the second set have part of the same complex number symbols, and the subset of the part of the same complex number symbols in the first set is recorded as The first subset, the subset formed by this part of the same complex number in the second set is recorded as the second subset.
  • the time domain index of the starting position of the first subset and the starting position of the second subset The time domain index is the same.
  • the start position of the first subset corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmitted symbol y
  • the position of the second subset The starting position corresponds to the position before the first reference point of the transmit symbol y+1
  • the end position of the second subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the transmit symbol y+1.
  • the signal processing in step S1250 includes cyclic shift, where the cyclic shift step size for the first set is determined according to the length of the CP and the symbol number of the transmitted symbol y, and for the second set
  • the cyclic shift step size of is related to the symbol number of the transmitted symbol y according to the length of the CP.
  • the cyclic shift step size Z(l) of the set of symbol number l satisfies the following formula:
  • Z 0 represents the cyclic shift step size of the set of symbol number 0
  • It represents the equivalent cumulative CP length of the set of symbol number 1
  • the CP lengths of transmission symbols with different symbol numbers may be the same or different.
  • the CP lengths of transmit symbols of different symbol numbers in the signal stream are all the same, and the cyclic shift step size Z(l) of the set of symbol number 1 satisfies the following formula:
  • Z 0 represents the cyclic shift step size of the set with the symbol number 0, and the cyclic shift step size of the set may be a preset value, for example, may be an empirical value.
  • N CP represents the equivalent length of the CP length in the time domain vector after IFFT.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of performing a copy operation and signal processing (cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting) on multiple sets corresponding to multiple consecutive time domain symbols in the time domain.
  • the 6 transmission symbols located in the time domain window of the transmission symbol in FIG. 18 represent the continuous transmission symbols in the time domain generated from the set 1 to set 6 processed by step S1230 and step S1250.
  • the cyclic prefix (CP) of the transmitted symbol is not considered.
  • the symbol numbers of transmission symbol 1 to transmission symbol 6 are 0, 1, ..., 5 in sequence.
  • the transmission symbol 1 in FIG. 18 is the transmission symbol obtained by signal processing (cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting) of the set 1 in FIG. 17, and the transmission symbol 2 in FIG.
  • the transmitted symbol obtained by signal processing (cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting) of set 2 of ,..., the transmitted symbol 6 in FIG. 18 is obtained by signal processing (cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting) of set 6 in FIG. 17 Launch symbol.
  • the cyclic shift step size of the transmission symbol with the symbol number l+1 is different from the cyclic shift step size of the transmission symbol with the symbol number l by one CP length. It is assumed here that the CP lengths of transmitted symbols of different symbol numbers are the same.
  • the embodiments of the application can be applied to generate DFT-s-OFDM symbols and SC-QAM symbols.
  • the present application can also be applied to generate reference signals, such as reference signals such as a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • the reference signal is usually generated in the frequency domain and directly subjected to sub-carrier mapping.
  • the copy operation in the embodiment of the present application is performed after transforming the frequency domain sequence of the reference signal to the sample value in the time domain.
  • the reference signal is used to estimate the channel, in order to ensure the channel performance, it is not desirable that the reference signal contains time domain sampling points of other symbols.
  • step S1230 if the transmission symbol x is a reference signal, and the transmission symbols before and after the transmission symbol x are all non-reference signals, then for the transmission symbol before the transmission symbol x (including the reference signal x) In step S1230, forward copying is used, and for the reference signal (including the reference signal x) after the transmitted symbol x, backward copying is used in step S1230.
  • Figure 19 shows a schematic diagram of the time-domain structure of three transmission symbols (1,2,3).
  • transmission symbol 2 is DMRS
  • transmission symbol 1 and transmission symbol 2 are non-reference signals
  • transmission symbol 2 corresponds to set 2 and transmission
  • the copy relationship between the set 1 corresponding to the symbol 1 is forward copy
  • the copy relationship between the set 2 corresponding to the transmitted symbol 2 and the set 3 corresponding to the transmitted symbol 3 is backward copy.
  • the symbol component R1 whose end position is the second reference point in the transmission symbol 2 is copied to the transmission symbol 1
  • the end position of the symbol component R1 copied to the transmission symbol 1 is the first reference point of the transmission symbol 1.
  • the symbol component R2 whose ending position is the first reference point in the transmission symbol 2 is copied to the transmission symbol 3
  • the ending position of the symbol component R2 copied to the transmission symbol 3 is the first reference point of the transmission symbol 3.
  • the copy relationship of symbol 1 of symbol 2 is forward copy, that is, the symbol component R1 in DMRS is forward copied to symbol 1, and so on, the symbol component D0 of symbol 1 is forward copied to In the symbol before symbol 1 (not shown in Figure 19);
  • the copy relationship between DMRS and symbol 3 is backward replication, that is, the symbol component R2 in DMRS is copied backward into symbol 3, and so on, the symbol 3 is The symbol component D3 of is copied to the symbol after symbol 2 (not shown in FIG. 19).
  • this embodiment can not only implement the flexible configuration of the guard interval between symbols, but also ensure the accuracy of the reference signal, thereby ensuring the channel performance.
  • Figure 20 shows a schematic diagram of the time domain structure of three transmission symbols (1,2,3).
  • transmission symbol 2 is a DMRS
  • transmission symbol 1 and transmission symbol 2 are non-reference signals
  • transmission symbol 2 corresponds to set 2 and transmission
  • the copy relationship between the set 1 corresponding to the symbol 1 is forward copy
  • the copy relationship between the set 2 corresponding to the transmitted symbol 2 and the set 3 corresponding to the transmitted symbol 3 is backward copy.
  • the symbol component R12 whose starting position is the second reference point in the transmission symbol 2 is copied to the transmission symbol 1
  • the symbol component R12 whose starting position is copied to the transmission symbol 1 is the third position of the transmission symbol 1.
  • Reference point, the symbol component R11 whose ending position is the second reference point in the transmission symbol 2 is copied to the transmission symbol 1
  • the ending position of the symbol component R11 copied to the transmission symbol 1 is the first reference point of the transmission symbol 1.
  • the symbol component R21 whose ending position is the first reference point in the transmission symbol 2 is copied to the transmission symbol 3.
  • the ending position of the symbol component R21 copied to the transmission symbol 3 is the second reference point of the transmission symbol 3, and the symbol component R21 is copied to the second reference point of the transmission symbol 3.
  • the symbol component R22 whose starting position is the third reference point is copied to the transmission symbol 3, and the starting position of the symbol component R22 copied to the transmission symbol 3 is the second reference point of the transmission symbol 3.
  • the first reference point represents the end position of the transmitted symbol
  • the second reference point represents the position of the intercepted CP of the transmitted symbol
  • the third reference point represents the start position of the transmitted symbol (the end position of the CP), as shown in FIG. 20.
  • the copy relationship between transmit symbol 2 and transmit symbol 1 is forward copy, that is, the symbol components R11 and R12 in DMRS are copied to symbol 1, and so on, the symbol component D0 in transmit symbol 1 Copy to the symbol before the symbol 1 (not shown in Figure 20);
  • the copy relationship between the DMRS and the transmitted symbol 3 is backward copy, that is, the symbol components R21 and R22 in the DMRS are copied to the transmitted symbol 3, and so on,
  • the symbol component in the transmission symbol 3 is copied to the symbol after the transmission symbol 2 (not shown in FIG. 20).
  • this embodiment can not only implement the flexible configuration of the guard interval between symbols, but also ensure the accuracy of the reference signal, thereby ensuring the channel performance.
  • this application proposes a method for symbol processing, and the method includes the following steps.
  • Step 1) get multiple complex number symbols.
  • Step 2 Divide multiple complex symbols into multiple sets.
  • the multiple sets include a first set and a second set.
  • the first set corresponds to the first transmission symbol
  • the second set corresponds to the second transmission symbol
  • the first transmission symbol It is continuous with the second transmission symbol in the time domain, the first transmission symbol is located before the second transmission symbol, and the complex symbols in the first subset in the first set are the same as the complex symbols in the second subset in the second set.
  • the time domain vector corresponding to the first set is the same as the time domain vector corresponding to the second set.
  • Step 3 signal processing is performed on the first set and the second set, the signal processing includes cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting, and the signal processing makes the starting position of the first subset correspond to before the first reference point of the first transmitted symbol
  • the end position of the first subset corresponds to the position after the first reference point of the first transmission symbol
  • the starting position of the second subset corresponds to the position before the second reference point of the second transmission symbol
  • the end position of the second subset corresponds to the position after the second reference point of the second transmitted symbol.
  • the first reference point represents the end position of the transmitted symbol
  • the second reference point represents the position of the intercepted cyclic prefix of the transmitted symbol.
  • the transmission symbols corresponding to the first set and the second set are reference signals, for example, DMRS.
  • the first set and the second set are not copied.
  • the transmitted symbols corresponding to the first set and the second set are reference signals, the accuracy of the reference signals can be guaranteed. , Can realize the flexible configuration of the guard interval of the reference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present application can generate a time domain structure as shown in FIG. 3 by performing a copy operation on two sets corresponding to two consecutive transmitted symbols in the time domain and signal processing including cyclic shift or frequency domain weighting.
  • the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol can realize flexible configuration of the guard interval between symbols under the premise of a fixed CP length.
  • this application can be applied to short packet transmission.
  • the first transmission symbol in the embodiment of the present application may be the first sub-transmission symbol in the second-type transmission symbol sequence, or the first transmission symbol may indicate any two adjacent sub-transmission symbols in the second-type transmission symbol sequence The previous sub-transmission symbol.
  • the third transmission symbol in the embodiment of the present application may represent the last sub-transmission symbol of any two adjacent sub-transmission symbols in the second-type transmission symbol sequence.
  • the second type of transmission symbol sequence represents a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is added before performing DFT on the first set.
  • the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol may be added before performing DFT on the first set, or may be added before performing DFT on the first set.
  • At least one sub-transmission symbol in the second-type transmission symbol sequence is a channel demodulation reference signal.
  • the execution subject can be either a terminal device or a component (such as a chip or circuit) that can be used in a terminal device, or a network device or a component that can be used in a network device (such as a chip or circuit). ).
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device 2100 according to an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device 2100 includes a transceiver unit 2110 and a processing unit 2120.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 can communicate with the outside, and the processing unit 2110 is used for data processing.
  • the transceiving unit 2110 may also be referred to as a communication interface or a communication unit.
  • the communication device 2100 can be used to perform the actions performed by the sending end in the above method embodiments, and can also be used to perform the actions performed by the receiving end in the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device 2100 may be a terminal device or a network device.
  • the communication device 2100 is used to perform the actions performed by the sending end in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 2120 is configured to generate the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol have the same first symbol component, and the starting position of the first symbol component in the first transmission symbol is the first symbol component.
  • the starting position of a transmission symbol, the starting position of the first symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted, and the second transmission symbol is the next transmission adjacent to the first transmission symbol Symbol, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol both have a cyclic prefix.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 is configured to send the first transmission symbol.
  • the first transmission symbol is the first transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the processing unit 2120 is further configured to generate a third transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the second symbol component is in the third transmission symbol.
  • the end position is the position where the cyclic prefix of the third transmission symbol is intercepted, the end position of the second symbol component in the fourth transmission symbol is the end position of the fourth transmission symbol, and the fourth transmission symbol is the front adjacent to the third transmission symbol.
  • the last transmitted symbol, the third transmitted symbol, and the fourth transmitted symbol all have a cyclic prefix.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 is also used to send the third transmit symbol.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • At least one sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence is a channel demodulation reference signal.
  • the processing unit 2120 is configured to: obtain a plurality of complex symbols; divide the plurality of complex symbols into a plurality of sets, wherein each set corresponds to one transmission symbol, and the plurality of sets include a first set corresponding to the first transmission symbol A second set corresponding to the second transmitted symbol; a copy operation is performed on the first set and the second set so that there are partially identical complex symbols between the first set and the second set; the first transmitted symbol is generated based on the first set.
  • processing unit 2120 is configured to execute steps S1210 to S1240 above.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol, wherein when the first transmission symbol is not the first transmission symbol of the transmission sequence, the cyclic prefix of the first transmission symbol is Added before performing Discrete Fourier Transform DFT on the first set.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol, wherein, when the first transmission symbol is the first transmission symbol of the transmission sequence, the cyclic prefix of the first transmission symbol is Added after performing Discrete Fourier Transform DFT on the first set.
  • the communication device 2100 is used to perform the actions performed by the receiving end in the above method embodiments.
  • the processing unit 2120 is configured to determine a first receiving window for receiving a first transmission symbol in a transmission symbol sequence, the first transmission symbol and the second transmission symbol have the same first symbol component, and the first symbol component is in the first transmission symbol.
  • the starting position in the transmission symbol is the starting position of the first transmission symbol
  • the starting position of the first symbol component in the second transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted
  • the second transmission symbol is the same as the first transmission symbol.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 is configured to receive the first transmitted symbol by using the adjusted first receiving window.
  • the processing unit 2120 is configured to move the time of the first receiving window back by a first step length, and the first step length is not greater than the length of the first symbol component.
  • the first transmission symbol is the first transmission symbol of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the processing unit 2120 is further configured to determine a third receiving window for receiving a third transmit symbol in the transmit symbol sequence, the third transmit symbol and the fourth transmit symbol have the same second symbol component, and the second symbol
  • the end position of the component in the third transmission symbol is the position of the intercepted cyclic prefix of the third transmission symbol
  • the end position of the second symbol component in the fourth transmission symbol is the end position of the fourth transmission symbol
  • the fourth transmission symbol is and The previous transmission symbol adjacent to the third transmission symbol, the third transmission symbol and the fourth transmission symbol both have a cyclic prefix.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 is further configured to receive the third transmission symbol by using the third receiving window.
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • At least one sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence is a channel demodulation reference signal.
  • the processing unit 2120 is configured to generate the first sub-transmission symbol in the transmission symbol sequence, where ,
  • the transmission symbol sequence is a transmission symbol sequence composed of multiple sub-transmission symbols obtained by processing a single transmission symbol.
  • the transceiver unit 2110 is configured to send the first sub-transmission symbol.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the second sub-transmission symbol have the same first symbol component
  • the start position of the first symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the start position of the first transmission symbol
  • the start position in the second sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the second transmission symbol is intercepted
  • the second sub-transmission symbol is the next transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol is the same as the Both sub-transmission symbols have a cyclic prefix
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission symbol have the same second symbol component, and the end position of the second symbol component in the first sub-transmission symbol is the position where the cyclic prefix of the first sub-transmission symbol is intercepted, and the second symbol component
  • the end position in the third sub-transmission symbol is the end position of the third sub-transmission symbol
  • the third sub-transmission symbol is the previous transmission symbol adjacent to the first sub-transmission symbol
  • the first sub-transmission symbol and the third sub-transmission The symbols all have a cyclic prefix.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol is the first sub-transmission symbol of the transmission symbol sequence.
  • the first sub-transmission symbol when the first sub-transmission symbol is not the first sub-transmission symbol of the transmission sequence, the first sub-transmission symbol does not include the first symbol component.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a symbol processing apparatus 2200.
  • the device 2200 is configured to execute step S1210 to step S1240 in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the device 2200 is further configured to execute step S1250.
  • the device 2200 may include the following units.
  • the obtaining unit 2210 is configured to perform step S1210.
  • the grouping unit 2220 is configured to perform step S1220.
  • the copy unit 2230 is configured to perform step S1230.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 is configured to perform step S1250.
  • the symbol generating unit 2250 is configured to perform step S1240.
  • the acquiring unit 2210 may include a modulation sub-unit for modulating the encoded bit stream to obtain modulation symbols, and the modulation symbols may also be referred to as complex symbols.
  • the obtaining unit 2210 is configured to obtain a plurality of complex symbols according to the phase PTRS sampling points and modulation symbols, and use the grouping unit 2220 for processing.
  • the symbol generating unit 2250 may include a DFT subunit, a subcarrier mapping subunit, an IFFT subunit, and a CP adding subunit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 is located between the copying unit 2230 and the symbol generating unit 2250.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 may be referred to as a cyclic shift unit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 may be located in the symbol generating unit 2250.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 is located between the DFT subunit and the IFFT subunit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 may be referred to as a frequency domain weighting unit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 is located between the IFFT subunit and the CP adding subunit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 may be referred to as a cyclic shift unit.
  • the symbol generation unit 2250 may include a CP subunit, an upsampling subunit, and a filtering subunit.
  • the signal processing unit 2240 may be referred to as a cyclic shift unit.
  • the acquiring unit 2210, the grouping unit 2220, the copying unit 2230, and the signal processing unit 2240 (or, the symbol generating unit 2250) can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by hardware and Realized by software.
  • the acquiring unit 2210, the grouping unit 2220, the copying unit 2230, and the signal processing unit 2240 (or the symbol generating unit 2250) may also be different chips, or they may be integrated on one chip or integrated circuit.
  • the acquisition unit 2210, the grouping unit 2220, the copy unit 2230, the signal processing unit 2240, and the symbol generation unit 2250 may all be implemented by a processor or processor-related circuits.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 2500 for symbol processing.
  • the device 2500 includes a processor 2510, a memory 2520, and a transceiver 2530.
  • the memory 2520 stores a program.
  • the processor 2510 is used to execute the program stored in the memory 2520, and executes the program stored in the memory 2520, so that the device 2500 is used to execute The above method embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, and the communication device may be a terminal device or a chip.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the above method embodiments.
  • FIG. 26 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal device. It is easy to understand and easy to illustrate.
  • the terminal device uses a mobile phone as an example.
  • the terminal equipment includes a processor, a memory, a radio frequency circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and to control the terminal device, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of baseband signal and radio frequency signal and the processing of radio frequency signal.
  • the antenna is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to receive data input by users and output data to users. It should be noted that some types of terminal devices may not have input and output devices.
  • the processor When data needs to be sent, the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna.
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signal into a baseband signal, and outputs the baseband signal to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data.
  • FIG. 26 only one memory and processor are shown in FIG. 26. In an actual terminal device product, there may be one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or storage device.
  • the memory may be set independently of the processor, or may be integrated with the processor, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna and radio frequency circuit with the transceiving function can be regarded as the transceiving unit of the terminal device, and the processor with the processing function can be regarded as the processing unit of the terminal device.
  • the terminal device includes a transceiver unit 2610 and a processing unit 2620.
  • the transceiving unit 2610 may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiving device, and so on.
  • the processing unit 2620 may also be called a processor, a processing board, a processing module, a processing device, and so on.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver unit 2610 can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function in the transceiver unit 2610 as the sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 2610 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the transceiver unit may sometimes be called a transceiver, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit.
  • the receiving unit may sometimes be called a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit.
  • the transmitting unit may sometimes be called a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit.
  • the processing unit 2620 is configured to execute the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the transceiver unit 2610 is used for the related transceiver operations in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit 2610 is used to transmit or receive DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols.
  • FIG. 26 is only an example and not a limitation, and the foregoing terminal device including a transceiver unit and a processing unit may not rely on the structure shown in FIG. 26.
  • the chip When the communication device is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit or a communication interface;
  • the processing unit may be a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, and the communication device may be a network device or a chip.
  • the communication device can be used to execute the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device is a network device, for example, it is a base station.
  • FIG 21 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the base station structure.
  • the base station includes 2710 parts and 2720 parts.
  • the 2710 part is mainly used for receiving and sending radio frequency signals and the conversion between radio frequency signals and baseband signals; the 2720 part is mainly used for baseband processing and controlling the base station.
  • the 2710 part can generally be called a transceiver unit, transceiver, transceiver circuit, or transceiver.
  • the 2720 part is usually the control center of the base station, and can usually be referred to as a processing unit, which is used to control the base station to perform the processing operations on the network device side in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver unit of part 2710 may also be called a transceiver or a transceiver, etc., which includes an antenna and a radio frequency unit, and the radio frequency unit is mainly used for radio frequency processing.
  • the device for implementing the receiving function in part 2710 can be regarded as the receiving unit, and the device for implementing the sending function as the sending unit, that is, the part 2710 includes the receiving unit and the sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, a receiver, or a receiving circuit
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, a transmitter, or a transmitting circuit, etc.
  • the 2720 part may include one or more single boards, and each single board may include one or more processors and one or more memories.
  • the processor is used to read and execute programs in the memory to implement baseband processing functions and control the base station. If there are multiple boards, each board can be interconnected to enhance processing capabilities. As an optional implementation, multiple single boards may share one or more processors, or multiple single boards may share one or more memories, or multiple single boards may share one or more processing at the same time. Device.
  • part 2720 is used to execute the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the 2710 part is used for the related transceiving operations in the above method embodiment.
  • part 2710 is used to transmit or receive DFT-s-OFDM symbols or SC-QAM symbols.
  • FIG. 21 is only an example and not a limitation, and the foregoing network device including a transceiving unit and a processing unit may not rely on the structure shown in FIG. 21.
  • the chip When the communication device is a chip, the chip includes a transceiver unit and a processing unit.
  • the transceiver unit may be an input/output circuit or a communication interface;
  • the processing unit is a processor, microprocessor, or integrated circuit integrated on the chip.
  • terminal devices in the embodiments of the present application include handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, or computing devices with wireless communication functions.
  • terminal equipment may refer to user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, User agent or user device.
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, or a computer with wireless transceiver function.
  • Terminal equipment can also be virtual reality (VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in unmanned driving, wireless terminals in telemedicine, and smart Wireless terminals in power grids, wireless terminals in smart cities, and wireless terminals in smart homes.
  • the terminal device may be a terminal device in a 5G network or a terminal device in a public land mobile network (PLMN) that will evolve in the future.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the network equipment in the embodiments of this application can be used to communicate with one or more terminal devices, and can also be used to communicate with one or more base stations with partial terminal functions (such as macro base stations and micro base stations, such as access points). , The communication between). Network equipment can be called a base station. Base stations may come in many forms, such as macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, and access points. Exemplarily, the network equipment involved in the embodiments of the present application may be a base station in a new radio (NR), or may be a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (code division multiple access).
  • NR new radio
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • code division multiple access code division multiple access
  • the base transceiver station (BTS) in division multiple access (CDMA) can also be the node B (NB) in the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or it can be An evolved Node B (evolutional Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system.
  • NB node B
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • LTE long term evolution
  • the base station in 5G NR may also be called a transmission reception point (TRP) or next generation Node B (gNB).
  • TRP transmission reception point
  • gNB next generation Node B
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the computer realizes the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when executed by a computer causes the computer to implement the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the terminal device or the network device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • the hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (CPU), a memory management unit (MMU), and memory (also referred to as main memory).
  • the operating system may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, for example, Linux operating systems, Unix operating systems, Android operating systems, iOS operating systems or windows operating systems.
  • the application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • the embodiments of the application do not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution body of the method provided in the embodiments of the application, as long as the program that records the codes of the methods provided in the embodiments of the application can be provided in accordance with the embodiments of the application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided in the embodiments of the present application may be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module in the terminal device or the network device that can call and execute the program.
  • various aspects or features of the present application can be implemented as methods, devices, or products using standard programming and/or engineering techniques.
  • article of manufacture used in this application encompasses a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or medium.
  • computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (for example, hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.), optical disks (for example, compact discs (CD), digital versatile discs (DVD)) Etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks or key drives, etc.).
  • various storage media described herein may represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiment of this application may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processors, DSPs), and application-specific integrated circuits (Central Processing Unit, CPU).
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • CPU Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable PROM, EPROM), and electrically available Erase programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • the volatile memory may be random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), which is used as an external cache.
  • RAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • DDR SDRAM Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM Enhanced Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory Synchronous Link Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DR RAM Direct Rambus RAM
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component
  • the memory storage module
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请提供一种符号处理的方法与装置。该方法包括：生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的下一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；发送第一发射符号。可以在不依赖循环前缀的长度的前提下，实现灵活配置符号间的保护间隔。

Description

符号处理的方法与装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，具体涉及一种符号处理的方法与装置。
背景技术
为了抵抗信道的多径效应，在符号间添加保护间隔的技术被提出。首先，保护间隔可以去除相邻符号间的码间串扰(inter symbol interference，ISI)；其次，在经过多径信道后，保护间隔将信道与发射符号的线性卷积转换为信道与发射符号的循环卷积，这使得符号接收端可以采用频域均衡方法消除信道多径效应。
通常，循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)被用作符号间的保护间隔。循环前缀是一个数据符号后面(或称为尾部)的一段数据复制到该符号的前面(或称为头部)形成的循环结构。
当前技术中，为了实现灵活的多用户复用(例如，频分复用、空分复用或时分复用)，为不同用户配置相同长度的循环前缀。考虑到不同用户的信道条件不同，为了保证具有不同信道条件的用户的发射符号的接收性能，当前技术中选择采用大于大时延用户的最大多径时延的循环前缀长度作为统一的循环前缀的长度。但对于小时延用户来说，过长的循环前缀将造成不必要的带宽开销或者传输速率的损耗。
因此，现有技术无法根据用户需求灵活配置符号间的保护间隔。
发明内容
本申请提供一种符号处理的方法与装置，可以在不依赖循环前缀的长度的前提下，实现灵活配置符号间的保护间隔。
第一方面，提供一种符号处理的方法，该方法包括：生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的下一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；发送第一发射符号。
可选地，接收端确定用于接收该第一发射符号的第一接收窗，并调整第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收第一发射符号；利用调整后的第一接收窗接收第一发射符号。
应理解，通过使得第一发射符号与与之相邻的后一个发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，并通过调整第一发射符号的接收窗，可以减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。
还应理解，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，可以通过增加第一符号分量的长度，来减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。例如，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，增加第一符号分量的长度，相应地可以增加第一发射符号的接收窗的调整时间，从而使得第一发射符号的接 收窗内不包含其它发射符号，而且在第一发射符号的接收窗内能够完整接收第一发射符号，从而可以减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。
还应理解，因为本申请可以不依赖于循环前缀的长度的前提下，减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰，因此，本申请可以基于不同信道条件的用户的需求灵活实现符号间的保护间隔的长度。
本申请对接收端接收第一发射符号的方式不作限定。接收端可以根据应用需求，确定接收第一发射符号的方式。
可选地，第一发射符号与第二发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号。即第一发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号中的前一个。
可选地，第一发射符号表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。即第一发射符号与第二发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号与第二个发射符号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：生成发射符号序列中的第三发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第三发射符号中的结束位置为第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第四发射符号中的结束位置为第四发射符号的结束位置，第四发射符号为与第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；发送第三发射符号。
应理解，通过使得第三发射符号与与之相邻的前一个发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，可以使得在不依赖CP长度的前提下，也可以灵活设置符号间的保护间隔。
此外，由于保护间隔的设置可以不依赖CP的长度，因此，本申请提供的发射符号可以支持具有不同子载波间隔和/或CP类型的用户之间进行(频分，空分和时分)复用。
第四发射符号与第三发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号。即第三发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号中的后一个。
在第一发射符号是发射符号序列中的非首个发射符号的情况下，第三发射符号可以与第一发射符号是同一个发射符号。
可选地，第一发射符号与第二发射符号还具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一发射符号中的结束位置为第一发射符号的结束位置，第二符号分量在第二发射符号中的结束位置为第二发射符号的截取CP的位置。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，包括：获得多个复数符号；将多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，多个集合包括对应第一发射符号的第一集合与对应第二发射符号的第二集合；对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；基于第一集合生成第一发射符号。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，其中，当第一发射符号非发射序列 的首个发射符号时，第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，其中，当第一发射符号为发射序列的首个发射符号时，第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
第二方面，提供一种符号处理的方法，该方法包括：确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第一发射符号的第一接收窗，第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；调整第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收第一发射符号；利用调整后的第一接收窗接收第一发射符号。
应理解，通过使得第一发射符号与与之相邻的后一个发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，并通过调整第一发射符号的接收窗，可以减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。
还应理解，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，可以通过增加第一符号分量的长度，来减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。例如，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，增加第一符号分量的长度，相应地可以增加第一发射符号的接收窗的调整时间，从而使得第一发射符号的接收窗内不包含其它发射符号，而且在第一发射符号的接收窗内能够完整接收第一发射符号，从而可以减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。
还应理解，因为本申请可以不依赖于循环前缀的长度的前提下，减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰，因此，本申请可以基于不同信道条件的用户的需求灵活实现符号间的保护间隔的长度。
本申请对接收端接收第一发射符号的方式不作限定。接收端可以根据应用需求，确定接收第一发射符号的方式。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，调整第一接收窗的时间，包括：将第一接收窗的时间后移第一步长，第一步长不大于第一符号分量的长度。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一发射符号为发射符号序列的首个发射符号。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，该方法还包括：确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第三发射符号的第三接收窗，第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第三发射符号中的结束位置为第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第四发射符号中的结束位置为第四发射符号的结束位置，第四发射符号为与第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；利用第三接收窗接收第三发射符号。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中，发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
第三方面，提供一种符号处理的方法，该方法包括：生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，其中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列；发送第一子发射符号。
其中，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一子发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二子发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀。和/或
第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一子发射符号中的结束位置为第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第三子发射符号中的结束位置为第三子发射符号的结束位置，第三子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
应理解，通过使得第一发射符号与与之相邻的后一个发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，并通过调整第一发射符号的接收窗，可以减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰。通过使得第三发射符号与与之相邻的前一个发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，可以使得在不依赖CP长度的前提下，也可以灵活设置符号间的保护间隔。
针对基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，可以灵活设置该发射符号序列中的各个子发射符号的保护间隔。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，第一子发射符号为发射符号序列的首个子发射符号。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，当第一子发射符号非发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号不包括第一符号分量。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，包括：获得多个复数符号；将多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，多个集合包括对应第一发射符号的第一集合与对应第二发射符号的第二集合；对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；基于第一集合生成第一子发射符号。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，当第一子发射符号非发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中，当第一子发射符号为发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
第四方面，提供一种符号处理的装置，该通信装置用于执行第一方面、第二方面或第三方面提供的方法。
可选地，该装置可以包括用于执行第一方面、第二方面或第三方面提供的方法的模块。
第五方面，提供一种通信装置，该通信装置包括处理器，该处理器与存储器耦合，该存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，处理器用于执行存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，使得第一方面、第二方面或第三方面中的方法被执行。
例如，处理器用于执行存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，使得该通信装置执行第一方 面、第二方面或第三方面中的方法。
可选地，该通信装置包括的处理器为一个或多个。
可选地，该通信装置中还可以包括与处理器耦合的存储器。
可选地，该通信装置包括的存储器可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该存储器可以与该处理器集成在一起，或者分离设置。
可选地，该通信装置中还可以包括收发器。
第六方面，提供一种芯片，该芯片包括处理模块与通信接口，处理模块用于控制通信接口与外部进行通信，处理模块还用于实现第一方面、第二方面或第三方面提供的方法。
第七方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被计算机执行时使得计算机实现第一方面、第二方面或第三方面提供的方法。
第八方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，所述指令被计算机执行时使得计算机实现第一方面、第二方面或第三方面提供的方法。
基于上述描述，本申请通过使得相邻两个发射符号具有部分相同的符号分量，从而可以在不依赖于循环前缀的长度的前提下，减小或克服多径效应引起的干扰，因此，本申请可以基于不同信道条件的用户的需求灵活实现符号间的保护间隔的长度。
附图说明
图1与图2为以循环前缀(CP)作为符号间的保护间隔的示意图；
图3为根据本申请实施例的符号处理的方法的示意性流程图；
图4为本申请实施例中的发射符号的时域结构的示意图；
图5为根据本申请实施例的符号处理的方法的另一示意性流程图；
图6为本申请实施例中的发射符号的时域结构的另一示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中的发射符号的时域结构的又一示意图；
图8为基于单个发射符号处理得到的发射符号序列的示意图；
图9、图10与图11为本申请实施例中生成发射符号的基本流程图；
图12为根据本申请实施例中生成发射符号的方法的示意性流程图；
图13为根据本申请实施例中生成发射符号的方法的另一示意性流程图；
图14为本申请实施例中在不进行循环移位的情况下集合与发射符号的对应关系的示意图；
图15为本申请实施例中在进行循环移位的情况下集合与发射符号的对应关系的示意图；
图16为本申请实施例中生成发射符号的另一流程示意图；
图17为本申请实施例中对多个集合进行复制操作的示意图；
图18为本申请实施例中对多个符号进行循环移位的示意图；
图19为本申请实施例中的发射符号的时域结构的再一示意图；
图20为本申请实施例中的发射符号的时域结构的再一示意图；
图21为本申请实施例提供的符号处理的装置的示意性框图；
图22为本申请实施例提供的符号处理的装置的示意性框图；
图23为本申请实施例提供的符号处理的装置的另一示意性框图；
图24为本申请实施例提供的符号处理的装置的又一示意性框图；
图25为本申请实施例提供的符号处理的装置的再一示意性框图；
图26为本申请实施例提供的终端设备的示意性框图；
图27为本申请实施例提供的网络设备的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
当前技术中，多种保护间隔可被用于抵抗信道的多径效应，例如循环前缀(cyclic prefix，CP)，特殊字(unique word，UW)和零尾(zero tail，ZT)等。例如，在长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统和第五代(5th generation，5G)系统中，单载波波形均采用循环前缀作为符号间的保护间隔。单载波波形包括但不限于离散傅里叶变换扩展正交频分复用(discrete fourier transformation-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，DFT-s-OFDM)波形，单载波正交幅度调制(Single carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation，SC-QAM)波形。
本申请涉及循环前缀作为符号间的保护间隔。
循环前缀作为符号间的保护间隔的实现方式为，将一个发射符号的末尾部分的采样点(也可称为符号分量)复制到该发射符号的起始部分之前。如图1所示。
图1为循环前缀(以下记为CP)作为符号间的保护间隔的时域结构示意图。发射符号1的CP指的是，发射符号1中截取CP的位置到结束位置之间的一段符号分量被复制到发射符号1的起始部分之前所形成的循环结构。类似地，发射符号2的CP指的是，发射符号2中截取CP的位置到结束位置之间的一段符号分量被复制到发射符号2的前面形成的循环结构。图1中所示的发射符号1与发射符号2为前、后相邻的两个发射符号。其中，发射符号2的CP可用作发射符号1与发射符号2之间的保护间隔，发射符号1的CP可用作发射符号1与其之前的发射符号(图1未画出)之间的保护间隔。
信道的多径效应会引起符号间的码间串扰(inter symbol interference，ISI)，还会引起信道间干扰(Inter-Channel Interference，ICI)，信道间干扰也可称为载波间干扰。
当前技术中，要想克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI，循环前缀需要满足如下两个条件。
条件1)循环前缀的长度不小于最大多径时延。
满足条件1)，可以去除ISI。
2)循环前缀需要保证在一个发射符号的接收窗内能够完整接收这个发射符号。
满足条件2)，可以去除ICI。原因为，一个发射符号的接收窗内包含这个发射符号的完整波形，可以使得该发射符号经过多径信道传输到达接收端后，该发射符号与信道的线性卷积转换为该发射符号与信道的循环卷积，这样，接收端可以采用频域均衡方法消除信道的多径效应。
图2示出两种信道条件下的接收信号的示意图。图2中仅给出了第一径和最大时延径(对应两种信道条件)的示意图。应理解，图2仅为示意而非限定。图2中所示的情形一表示信道的最大多径时延不超过CP的长度，情形二表示信道的最大多径时延超过CP的长度。
如图2所示，在情形一中，因为最大多径时延不超过CP的长度，发射符号2的接收 窗内不包括发射符号1，因此可以避免发射符号1对发射符号2的ISI，发射符号1的接收窗内也不包括发射符号1之前的发射符号(图2未示出)，因此发射符号1也不会受到ISI。可以理解到，CP的长度不小于最大多径时延，可以去除相邻接收符号间的ISI。
又如图2所示，在情形一中，发射符号1的CP可以保证发射符号1的接收窗内包含发射符号1的完整波形，发射符号2的CP可以保证发射符号2的接收窗内包含发射符号2的完整波形，从而CP可以去除ICI。
再如图2所示，在情形二中，由于最大多径时延超过CP的长度，发射符号2的接收窗内包含发射符号1的一段符号分量，导致发射符号2受到发射符号1的ISI。此外，在情形二中，发射符号1的接收窗内没有包含发射符号1的完整波形，发射符号2的接收窗内没有包含发射符号2的完整波形，因此，在情形二中，也无法去除ICI。
从图2所示的情形一与情形二可知，要想克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI，需要保证循环前缀大于信道的最大多径时延，以及需要保证一个发射符号的接收窗内包含该发射符号的完整波形。
当前技术中，为了实现灵活的多用户复用(例如，频分复用、空分复用或时分复用)，为不同用户配置相同长度的循环前缀。考虑到不同用户的信道条件不同，为了保证具有不同信道条件的用户的发射符号的接收性能，当前技术中选择采用大于大时延用户的最大多径时延的循环前缀长度作为统一的循环前缀的长度。
因此，在现有技术中，可能会为小时延用户分配较长的循环前缀。而循环前缀的添加会导致带宽的代价，即，循环前缀越长，带宽代价越大，或者，换句话说，循环前缀越长，传输速率损失越大。因此，对于小时延用户来说，过长的循环前缀将造成不必要的带宽开销或者传输速率的损耗。
针对上述问题，本申请提出一种符号处理的方法与装置，可以在不依赖循环前缀的长度的前提下，实现灵活配置符号间的保护间隔。例如，本申请可以在避免不必要的带宽开销的前提下，针对不同信道条件的用户，减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
本申请可以应用于各种通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统等蜂窝通信系统及其演进，第五代(5th generation，5G)系统，机器与机器通信(machine to machine，M2M)系统或未来演进的其它通信系统等。其中，5G的无线空口技术称为新空口(new radio，NR)，5G系统也可称为NR系统。
本申请可以应用于单载波波形的发射符号。例如，单载波波形包括但不限于：DFT-s-OFDM波形，SC-QAM波形。
波形为DFT-s-OFDM的发射符号，也可称为DFT-s-OFDM符号。波形为SC-QAM的发射符号，也可称为SC-QAM符号。例如，本申请实施例中的发射符号可以为DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号。
本申请实施例中的发送端可以为终端设备，接收端为网络设备。或者，本申请实施例中的发送端可以为网络设备，接收端为终端设备。
本文涉及的终端设备包括具有无线通信功能的手持式设备、车载式设备、可穿戴设备或计算设备。作为示例，终端设备可以指用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。例如，终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平 板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑。终端设备还可以是虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程医疗中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。终端设备可以是5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。
本文涉及的网络设备可以用于与一个或多个终端设备进行通信，也可以用于与一个或多个具有部分终端功能的基站进行通信(比如宏基站与微基站，如接入点，之间的通信)。网络设备可以称为基站。基站可能有多种形式，比如宏基站、微基站、中继站和接入点等。示例性地，本申请实施例涉及到的网络设备可以是新空口(new radio，NR)中的基站，也可以是全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的节点B(nodeB，NB)，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统中的演进型节点B(evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)。其中，5G NR中的基站还可以称为发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)或下一代节点B(next generation Node B，gNB)。
本申请实施例中涉及的发射符号可以用于上行传输，也可用于下行传输。
本申请实施例中涉及的发射符号的波形包括但不限于DFT-s-OFDM波形，SC-QAM波形。
图3为根据本申请实施例的符号处理的方法的示意性流程图。该方法包括如下步骤。
S310，发送端生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，该第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，该第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为该第一发射符号的起始位置，该第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为该第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀。
S320，发送端发送第一发射符号。相应地，接收端接收第一发射符号。
可选地，如图3所示，在步骤S320中，接收端采用第一发射符号的经过调整之后的接收窗接收第一发射符号。
可选地，在接收端接收第一发射符号之前，该方法还包括：接收端确定用于接收该第一发射符号的第一接收窗，并调整第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收第一发射符号。其中，在步骤S320中，接收端利用调整后的第一接收窗接收第一发射符号。
作为示例，第一发射符号与第二发射符号分别如图6中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1，第一符号分量如图6中所示的符号分量D1。第一接收窗如图6中的接收窗x，调整后的第一接收窗如图6中的接收窗x’。
图6为本申请一个实施例中的发射符号的时域结构示意图。在图6中，给出发射符号在两种信道条件下的接收情况。作为示意而非限定，图6中仅给出了第一径和最大时延径(对应两种信道条件)的示意图。
图6中所示的发射符号x与发射符号x+1表示相邻的两个发射符号，发射符号x在发射符号x+1之前。如图6所示，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有相同的符号分量D1，其 中，发射符号x中符号分量D1的起始位置为发射符号x的起始位置，发射符号x+1中符号分量D1的起始位置为发射符号x+1的截取CP的位置。发射符号x与发射符号x+1均具有循环前缀(下文简称为CP)。如图6所示，发射符号x+1的CP中也包含符号分量D1，且该符号分量D1位于发射符号x+1的CP的头部。其中，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有相同的符号分量D1，表示，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有长度相同、内容相同的符号分量。
图6中所示的接收窗x表示发射符号x的接收窗。图6中所示的接收窗x’表示经过时间调整后的接收窗x。在图6的示例中，接收窗x’相对于x向后滑动了第一步长，如图6所示，该第一步长小于或等于符号分量D1的长度。
如图6所示，在最大多径时延超过CP的长度的情况下，在接收窗x内，不能够完整接收发射符号x。在本实施例中，接收端可以在接收窗x’内接收发射符号x。如图6所示，因为发射符号x+1的CP的头部包含发射符号x的符号分量D1，因此，进入接收窗x’的发射符号x+1的CP的部分也属于发射符号x的分量。此外，因为该第一步长不大于符号分量D1的长度，因此可以保证接收窗x’不会包含发射符号x之外的符号分量。可知，在接收窗x’内接收发射符号x，一是使得在接收窗x’内不包含其他发射符号，二是使得接收窗x’能够完整接收发射符号x，从而减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
如上文结合图6的描述可知，通过使得第一发射符号与与之相邻的后一个发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，并通过调整第一发射符号的接收窗，可以减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
应理解，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，可以通过增加第一符号分量的长度，来减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。例如，在最大多径时延较大的情况下，增加第一符号分量的长度，相应地可以增加第一发射符号的接收窗的调整时间，从而使得第一发射符号的接收窗内不包含其它发射符号，而且在第一发射符号的接收窗内能够完整接收第一发射符号，从而可以减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
上述可知，本申请实施例，可以在不依赖循环前缀的长度的前提下，灵活实现符号间的保护间隔，同时也可以保证在某个发射符号的接收窗内完整接收到该发射符号，即可以减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
应理解，因为本申请可以不依赖于循环前缀的长度的前提下，减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI，因此，本申请可以基于不同信道条件的用户的需求灵活实现符号间的保护间隔的长度。
需要说明的是，在图3所示的实施例中，本申请对接收端接收第一发射符号的方式不作限定。接收端可以根据应用需求，确定接收第一发射符号的方式。
例如，在最大多径时延小于或等于CP长度的情形下，接收端可以采用第一接收窗(即第一发射符号的接收窗)接收第一发射符号，即无需对第一接收窗进行调整。
例如，在最大多径时延大于CP长度的情形下，接收端可以采用经过调整后的第一接收窗(即第一发射符号的接收窗)接收第一发射符号，其中，调整后的第一接收窗能够完整接收第一发射符号。
总之，接收端接收第一发射符号的方式可以由接收端自主决定，本申请对此不作限定。
还需要说明的是，本文提及的长度，例如，CP的长度，符号分量的长度，均指的是 时间长度。例如，本文中提及的长度(即时间长度)的单位为T c＝1/(4096·480·10 3)秒。再例如，时间长度还可以用时域采样点的数目表示。
还需要说明的是，图3仅为示例而非限定。例如，发送端可以生成发射符号序列中的所有发射符号之后再发送。
在图3所示实施例中，第一发射符号与第二发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号。即第一发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号中的前一个。
例如，在图6的示例中，发射符号x与发射符号x+1可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号。
例如，在本实施例中，接收端可以对发射符号序列中除最后一个发射符号之外的其余发射符号，均采用经过时间调整之后的接收窗进行接收。
可选地，在图3所示实施例中，第一发射符号表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。即第一发射符号与第二发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号与第二个发射符号。
例如，在图6的示例中，发射符号x表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号，发射符号x+1表示发射符号序列中的第2个发射符号。
可选地，如图5所示，在图6所示的实施例中，该方法还包括如下步骤S330与S340。
S330，发送端生成发射符号序列中的第三发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第三发射符号中的结束位置为第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第四发射符号中的结束位置为第四发射符号的结束位置，第四发射符号为与第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号均具有循环前缀。
S340，发送端发送第三发射符号。相应地，接收端利用第三发射符号的接收窗接收第三发射符号。
步骤S330与步骤S320的执行顺序没有限定。例如，发送端可以生成发射符号序列中的所有发射符号之后再发送。
作为示例，第三发射符号如图6中所示的发射符号x+1，第四发射符号如图6中所示的发射符号x，第二符号分量如图6中所示的符号分量D2，第三发射符号的接收窗如图6中所示的接收窗x+1。
图6为本申请一个实施例中的发射符号的时域结构示意图。在图6中，给出发射符号在两种信道条件下的接收情况。作为示意而非限定，图6中仅给出了第一径和最大时延径(对应两种信道条件)的示意图。
图6中所示的发射符号x与发射符号x+1表示相邻的两个发射符号，发射符号x在发射符号x+1之前。如图6所示，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有相同的符号分量D2，其中，发射符号x中符号分量D2的结束位置为发射符号x的结束位置，发射符号x+1中符号分量D2的结束位置为发射符号x+1的截取CP的位置。其中，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有相同的符号分量D2，表示，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有长度相同、内容相同的符号分量。
如图6所示，发射符号x与发射符号x+1均具有循环前缀(下文简称为CP)。接收 窗x表示发射符号x的接收窗，接收窗x+1表示发射符号x+1的接收窗。
如图6所示，在信道的最大多径时延超过CP长度的情况下，发射符号x的部分分量进入发射符号x+1的接收窗x+1内，在传统技术中，这会导致ISI，本申请可以解决这个问题，并且可以无需更改CP的长度。
如图6所示，发射符号x进入的接收窗x+1的部分是符号分量D2的部分，而发射符号x+1也包含符号分量D2，也就是说，发射符号x进入的接收窗x+1的部分也是发射符号x+1本身包含的符号分量。因此，发射符号x与发射符号x+1具有相同的符号分量D2，可以使得即使在最大多径时延超过CP长度的情况下，也可以避免不属于发射符号x+1的符号分量进入发射符号x+1的接收窗，从而可以克服ISI。
此外，从图6可以看出，在发射符号x+1中，符号分量D2与用作CP的符号分量是连续的，因此，使得接收窗x+1能够完整接收发射符号x+1，从而可以克服ICI。
例如，在图6中，可以将发射符号x中的符号分量D2与发射符号x+1的CP一起视为发射符号x与发射符号x+1之间的等效保护间隔。
应理解，通过图6所示的发射符号的时域结构，可以使得在不依赖CP长度的前提下，也可以灵活设置符号间的保护间隔以克服多径时延引起的ISI与ICI。
还应理解，通过图6所示的发射符号的时域结构，针对不同信道条件的用户，可以通过控制符号分量D2的长度，来克服不同用户的多径效应。
还应理解，在图6所示的发射符号的时域结构中，发射符号x与发射符号x+1之间共有的符号分量D2的长度不会影响发射符号的帧结构，因此，图6所示的发射符号可以支持具有不同子载波间隔和/或CP类型的用户之间进行(频分，空分和时分)复用。
通过上文结合图6的描述可知，图5所示的实施例可以在不依赖CP长度的前提下，实现符号间的保护间隔的灵活配置，以克服多径效应。
在图5所示的实施例中，第四发射符号与第三发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号。即第三发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻的发射符号中的后一个。
在图5所示的实施例中，第一发射符号可以表示发射符号序列中任意两个相邻发射符号中的前一个，或者，第一发射符号仅表示发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。
在第一发射符号是发射符号序列中的非首个发射符号的情况下，第三发射符号可以与第一发射符号是同一个发射符号。
可选地，在上述一些实施例中，第一发射符号与第二发射符号还具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一发射符号中的结束位置为第一发射符号的结束位置，第二符号分量在第二发射符号中的结束位置为第二发射符号的截取CP的位置。
例如，第一发射符号为图7所示的发射符号1。
图7为本申请又一个实施例中的发射符号的时域结构示意图。在图7中，示出发射符号在两种信道条件下的接收情况的示意图。作为示例而非限定，图7中仅给出了第一径和最大时延径(对应两种信道条件)的示意图。
在图7中，发射符号0、发射符号1与发射符号2分别表示发射符号序列中的第1个、第2个与第3个发射符号。发射符号0、发射符号1、发射符号2均具有CP。接收窗0表示发射符号0的接收窗，接收窗0’表示经过调整后的接收窗0，接收窗0’相对于接收窗0 后移的步长不大于符号分量D1，接收窗1表示发射符号1的接收窗，接收窗2表示发射符号2的接收窗。
如图7所示，发射符号0与发射符号1具有相同的符号分量D1，发射符号0中符号分量D1的起始位置为发射符号0的起始位置，发射符号1中符号分量D1的起始位置为发射符号1的截取CP的位置。
参见类似上文结合图3或图4的描述，因为发射符号0与发射符号1具有相同的符号分量D1，所以通过采用接收窗0’接收发射符号0，可以克服发射符号0的多径效应。
如图7所示，发射符号0与发射符号1还具有相同的符号分量D2，发射符号0中符号分量D2的结束位置为发射符号0的结束位置，发射符号1中符号分量D2的结束位置为发射符号1的截取CP的位置。
参见类似上文结合图5或图6的描述，因为发射符号0与发射符号1具有相同的符号分量D2，可以克服发射符号1的多径效应。
如图7所示，发射符号1与发射符号2具有相同的符号分量D3，发射符号1中符号分量D3的结束位置为发射符号1的结束位置，发射符号2中符号分量D3的结束位置为发射符号2的截取CP的位置。
参见类似上文结合图5或图6的描述，因为发射符号1与发射符号2具有相同的符号分量D3，可以克服发射符号2的多径效应。
可选地，在图7所示的实施例中，非首个发射符号与其相邻的后一个发射符号之间也可以具有类似于符号分量D1的相同的符号分量。
如图7中所示的发射符号1与发射符号2所示，发射符号1与发射符号2还具有相同的符号分量D4，发射符号1中符号分量D4的起始位置为发射符号1的起始位置，发射符号2中符号分量D4的起始位置为发射符号2的截取CP的位置。
在实施例中，接收端也可以利用调整后的发射符号1的接收窗(记为接收窗1’)接收窗发射符号1，例如，接收窗1’相对于接收窗1向后滑动不大于符号分量D4的长度的步长.
参见类似上文结合图3或图4的描述，因为发射符号1与发射符号2具有相同的符号分量D4，所以通过采用接收窗1’接收发射符号1，可以克服发射符号1的多径效应。
应理解，图7仅为示例而非限定。实际应用中，发射符号序列可以包括更多个数量的发射符号，其中，任意相邻两个发射符号都可以具有类似发射符号0与发射符号1的时域结构，或者，类似发射符号1与发射符号2的时域结构。
应理解，第一发射符号与第二发射符号之间具有相同的符号分量D1与符号分量D2，这在一定程度上减小滤波器的拖尾效应对符号间的保护间隔扩展的影响。
可选地，作为一个实施例，发射符号序列中的任意两个相邻发射符号可以分别为上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号。在本例中，该发射符号序列中的最后一个发射符号与其相邻的前一个发射符号可以分别为上文实施例中的第三发射符号与第四发射符号。
例如，发射符号序列中的任意两个相邻发射符号的时域结构如图6中的发射符号x+1与发射符号x的时域结构所示。该发射符号序列中的最后一个发射符号与其相邻的前一个发射符号的时域结构可以如图6中的发射符号x+1与发射符号x的时域结构所示。
应理解，在本实施例中，对于发射符号序列中的每个发射符号，均可以实现减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
可选地，作为另一个实施例，发射符号序列中的任意两个相邻发射符号可以分别为上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号。在本例中，该发射符号序列中的第一个发射符号与第二个发射符号可以分别为上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号。
作为示例，发射符号序列中的任意两个相邻发射符号的时域结构如图4中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1的时域结构所示。该发射符号序列中的第一个发射符号与第二个发射符号的时域结构可以如图4中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1的时域结构所示。
应理解，在本实施例中，对于发射符号序列中的每个发射符号，均可以实现减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
基于上文描述，在本申请中，通过使相邻两个发射符号具有相同的符号分量，可以实现，在不依赖于CP的长度的前提下，灵活设置符号间的保护间隔。例如，本申请可以在避免不必要的带宽开销的前提下，针对不同信道条件的用户，减小或克服多径效应引起的ISI与ICI。
可选地，发射符号序列中各个发射符号的CP的长度可以不同，也可以相同，或者，不完全相同。
本申请实施例中涉及的发射符号序列可以是由多个发射符号构成的符号序列。
可选地，本申请实施例中涉及的发射符号序列还可以是基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
在一些通信场景下，需要传输的数据量较少，例如，需要传输的数据量可能仅为一个或几个比特，这种情况下，通过一个发射符号就可以完成业务的传输，这种场景称为短包传输或短时传输(下文中以短包传输为例进行描述)。
短包传输可能存在于上行传输中，例如，在上行控制信息(uplink control information，UCI)的上报场景中，或者，在数据调度请求的场景中，终端设备需要发送的数据量可能仅为一个或几个比特，这种情况下，终端设备发送一个发射符号就可以完成业务的传输。
短包传输也可能存在于下行传输中，例如，在基于物理下行控制信道(pysical downlink control channel，PDCCH)的传输场景中，网络设备需要发送的数据可能仅为一个或几个比特，这种情况下，网络设备发送一个发射符号就可以完成下行信号的传输。
在短包传输中，因为只传输单个发射符号，为了能够实现该单个发射符号的独立传输与解调，通常需要在该单个发射符号中插入参考信号，例如解调参考信号(de-modulation reference signal，DMRS)。在该单个发射符号中插入参考信号时，通常会为该参考信号添加CP。可以理解为，该单个发射符号被分裂为多个子发射符号。
图8为将单个发射符号分类为4个子发射符号的示意图。在图8中，以参考信号为DMRS为例。
如图8所示，单个发射符号被处理为4个子发射符号，其中，第3个子发射符号为DMRS。该单个发射符号可以视为被处理为由4个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。其中，CP1表示该发射符号序列中首个子发射符号的CP，CP2表示该发射符号序列中第2个子发射符号的CP，CP3表示该发射符号序列中第3个子发射符号的CP，CP4表示该发射符号序列中第4个子发射符号的CP。
从图8可知，子发射符号的CP的长度相对于单个发射符号的CP的长度明显变短，因此，由4个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列更容易受到多径效应的影响。
本申请可以应用于图8所示的由多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
为了便于理解与描述，下文中将基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列称为第二类发射符号序列。
例如，上文实施例中的第一发射符号可以为第二类发射符号序列中的首个子发射符号，或者，上文实施例中的第一发射符号可以表示第二类发射符号序列中任意相邻两个子发射符号中的前一个子发射符号。
再例如，上文实施例中的第三发射符号可以表示第二类发射符号序列中任意相邻两个子发射符号中的后一个子发射符号。
可选地，在基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列中，各个子发射符号的CP的长度可以不同，也可以相同，或者，不完全相同。
本申请还提供一种符号处理的方法，该方法包括如下步骤。
步骤一，发送端生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，其中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
步骤二，发送端发送第一子发射符号。相应地，接收端基于第一子发射符号的接收窗接收第一子发射符号。
可选地，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一子发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二子发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
例如，第一子发射符号的时域结构为图4中所示的发射符号x的时域结构。
在本实施例中，第一子发射符号可以表示第二列发射符号序列中的首个子发射符号。或者，第一子发射符号可以表示第二列发射符号序列中的相邻两个子发射符号中的前一个子发射符号。
在本实施例中，接收端可以利用第一子发射符号的经过调整后的接收窗接收第一子发射符号。
可选地，第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一子发射符号中的结束位置为第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第三子发射符号中的结束位置为第三子发射符号的结束位置，第三子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
例如，第一子发射符号的时域结构为图6中所示的发射符号x+1的时域结构。
在本实施例中，第一子发射符号可以表示第二列发射符号序列中的相邻两个子发射符号中的后一个子发射符号。
可选地，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，且第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量。
例如，第一子发射符号的时域结构为图7中所示的发射符号1的时域结构。
在本实施例中，第一子发射符号可以表示第二列发射符号序列中除了首个子发射符号与最后一个子发射符号之外的任意一个子发射符号。
在本实施例中，接收端可以利用第一子发射符号的经过调整后的接收窗接收第一子发射符号。
针对第二类发射符号序列，本申请还提供一种符号处理的方法。在该方法中，可以只对CP小于多径最大时延的子发射符号进行保护间隔扩展处理。
该方法包括：确定第二类发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号的CP小于多径最大时延，采用保护间隔扩展处理方式生成第一子发射符号，该保护间隔扩展处理不改变第一子发射符号的CP长度，可以等效扩展第一子发射符号的保护间隔。
其中，在第一子发射符号为首个子发射符号的情况下，该CP扩展方式使得，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一子发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二子发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
在第一子发射符号为非首个子发射符号的情况下，该CP扩展方式使得：
第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一子发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二子发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀；或者
第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一子发射符号中的结束位置为第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第三子发射符号中的结束位置为第三子发射符号的结束位置，第三子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
可选地，在本实施例中，对于CP不小于多径最大时延的子发射符号，可以采用传统方法生成。
例如，在图8所示例子中，若4个子发射符号的CP均不小于多径最大时延，则采用传统方法生成这4个子发射符号；若CP2均小于多径最大时延，则采用上述保护间隔扩展处理方式生成第2个子发射符号，采用传统方法生成其余3个子发射符号。
下文将描述发射符号的生成方法。为了便于理解而非限定，下文先描述与发射符号的生成过程相关的内容。
图9为生成发射符号的基本流程的示意图。如图9所示，该流程包括如下步骤S920、S940与S960。
在S920中，对多个复数符号(complex-valued symbols)进行分组，获得多个集合(set)，其中，每一个集合对应一个发射符号。
或者说，多个复数符号被分为(be divided into)多个集合，每个集合对应一个发射符号。
多个复数符号中可以包括通过对编码比特流进行调制获得的调制符号。
其中，对编码比特流进行调制的调制方式可以包括pi/2-二进制相移键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)，正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)，16正交振幅调制(quadrature amplitude modulation，QAM)，64QAM，256QAM，相移键控(phase shift keying，PSK)，振幅移相键控(amplitude phase shift keying，APSK)，非均匀QAM 等。
或者，多个复数符号中还可以包括参考信号采样点。例如，参考信号采样点可以包括相位跟踪参考信号(phase tracking reference signal，PTRS)采样点等。
每个集合对应一个发射符号，指的是，最终生成的每个发射符号均是基于相应的一个集合生成的。
S940，对步骤S920得到的多个集合进行复数符号的复制操作。
S960，基于步骤S940得到的经过复制操作后的集合，通过添加CP，获得发射符号(或者，基于步骤S940得到的经过复制操作后的集合，添加CP，再经过其他操作，获得发射符号。这里所述的其他操作包括但不限于快速傅里叶变换，载波映射、采样、滤波等)。
其中，对于时域连续的两个发射符号对应的两个集合，步骤340中的复制操作使得这两个集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号。
下文将对步骤S940中的复制操作进行描述。
为了便于区分而非限定，本文中对信号的命名作如下约定：将待分组(或划分)为集合的信号称为复数符号；将对复数符号分组(或划分)得到的信号称为集合；将集合中的部分复数符合所构成的集称为子集；将发射端发送的信号称为发射符号。
应理解，这些命名仅是为了便于理解与区分，而非限定。例如，将来技术演进过程中，在符号生成流程的不同阶段得到的信号可能具有其它命名。
本申请实施例中的发射符号可以是单载波波形的符号。
例如，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号。DFT-s-OFDM符号表示波形为DFT-s-OFDM波形的单载波符号。SC-QAM符号表示波形为SC-QAM波形的单载波符号。
下文中，将本申请适用于采用DFT-s-OFDM波形的无线通信系统记为应用场景一，将本申请适用于采用SC-QAM波形的无线通信系统记为应用场景二。
可选地，本申请的应用场景为应用场景一，即发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号。如图10所示，在步骤S940与步骤S960之间还可以包括步骤S950。
在步骤S950中，包括离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transformation，DFT)与快速傅里叶逆变换(inverse fast fourier transform，IFFT)操作。
例如，在步骤S950中，发射机对经过复制操作后的集合进行M点DFT变换，然后将M点的频域元素映射至M个连续的子载波(图10未画出)，在子载波映射之后，再对频域信号进行IFFT变换。在子载波映射后，再进行IFFT。DFT也可称为频域预编码。
在图10所示实施例中，步骤S960包括，对经过IFFT之后的信号添加CP，获得DFT-s-OFDM符号。
可选地，步骤S950中还包括频域赋形(frequency domain spectrum shaping，FDSS)操作。
例如，在步骤S950中，发射机对经过复制操作后的集合进行M点DFT变换，对DFT变换之后的M点频域元素进行循环扩展与频域滤波(即FDSS操作)，然后将经过FDSS操作之后的频域元素映射至M1(M1>＝M)个连续的子载波，在子载波映射之后，再对频域信号进行IFFT变换。
应理解，在应用场景一中，对集合的复制操作在DFT之前进行。
可选地，本申请的应用场景为应用场景二，即发射符号为SC-QAM符号。如图11所示，在步骤S960中，不仅包括添加CP的操作，还包括上采样与滤波。
例如，在步骤S960中，发射机对经过复制操作后的集合添加CP，获得添加CP后的信号，然后对添加CP后的信号进行上采样与滤波，最终获得SC-QAM符号。
应理解，在应用场景二中，对集合的复制操作在添加CP之前执行。
图12为本申请实施例中的生成发射符号的方法的示意性流程图。在图12中，以相邻的发射符号y与发射符号y+1为例进行描述，其中，发射符号y位于发射符号y+1之前。
如图12所示，生成发射符号y与发射符号y+1的流程包括如下步骤S1210至S1240。
S1210，获得多个复数符号。
该多个复数符号中可以包括通过对编码比特流进行调制获得的调制符号。
可选地，多个复数符号中还可以包括参考信号采样点。例如，参考信号采样点可以包括PTRS采样点。
S1220，将多个复数符号分为多个集合，还可以表述为，将多个复数符号进行分组，获得多个集合。每个集合中可以包括若干复数符号。例如，每个集合可以视作一个多维的时域向量，集合中的复数符号可以视为时域向量中的元素。
每个集合对应一个发射符号。例如，每个集合对应一个DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号。
多个集合包括对应发射符号y的第一集合与对应发射符号y+1的第二集合。
例如，步骤S1220可以分别对应于图9、图10、图11中所示的步骤S920。
S1230，对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号。
例如，步骤S1230可以分别对应于图9、图10、图11中所示的步骤S940。
应理解，在应用场景一中，步骤S1230在DFT之前执行；在应用场景二中，步骤1230在添加CP之前执行。
S1240，基于第一集合生成发射符号y，基于第二集合生成发射符号y+1。
应理解，因为第一集合与第二集合具有部分相同的复数符号，因此，可以使得发射符号y与发射符号y+1具有如图4、图6或图7所示的任意两个相邻发射符号的时域结构。
应理解，图12所示的实施例提供的符号生成的方法可以应用于发射端发射的信号流中的任意发射符号。
例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1可以分别对应上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号。
再例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1可以分别对应上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号。
基于发射符号y与发射符号y+1的不同时域结构，步骤S1230可以具有多种不同的实现方式。下文将描述。
为了便于理解与描述对集合的复制操作，下文先说明集合与发射符号之间的关联关系。
为了便于理解与描述而非限定，在下文中，针对发射符号定义三个参考点：第一参考点、第二参考点与第三参考点，其中，第一参考点表示发射符号的结束位置，第二参考点 表示发射符号的截取CP的位置，第三参考点表示发射符号的起始位置。其中，发射符号的起始位置指的是发射符号本身的起始位置，不是该发射符号的CP的起始位置，或者，从另一个角度可以理解为，发射符号的起始位置指的是该发射符号的CP的结束位置。
本文提及的位置均指时域位置。
下文将分别以应用场景一与应用场景二为例进行描述。
1)应用场景一，即发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号。在应用场景一中，符号处理流程如图10所示。
假设(记为假设1)，发射端进行DFT的点数为M，则要进行DFT变换的时域向量的维度应该为M。该时域向量可以记为：
x l＝[x l(0),x l(1),...,x l(M-1)] T
其中，x l表示该时域向量。
在时域向量x l中包括M个元素，第一个元素至最后一个元素的时域索引分别为0,1,…,M-1。
假设(记为假设2)，发射端进行DFT的点数为M(与假设1一致)，发射端进行IFFT的尺寸为N，CP的采样点数目为P，则CP所占用的长度在DFT前可等效的点数为K＝P/N·M。
如果P不能被N整除，则K的计算结果为非整数，这种情形下，需要对K的计算结果取整，即
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000001
表示对(P/N)·M向下取整，应理解，这里的取整方式还可以是向上取整或四舍五入等。
应理解，CP的采样点数目P可以根据CP的长度获得。
基于上述假设，对于DFT-s-OFDM符号的第一参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为M-1；对于DFT-s-OFDM符号的第二参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为M-K-1；对于DFT-s-OFDM符号的第三参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为0。
2)应用场景二，即发射符号为SC-QAM符号。如图11所示，在SC-QAM符号的生成过程中，在添加CP之前不包括DFT与IFFT，且上采样与滤波是在添加CP之后执行，所以，可以根据CP的长度直接获得CP的长度在时域向量中的等效点数。因此发射机可以直接得到等效CP长度值K1。等效CP长度值K1可以根据CP的长度获得。
假设未添加CP的时域向量如应用场景一中描述的M维的时域向量x l，假设等效CP长度值为K1，则对于SC-QAM符号的第一参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为M-1，对于SC-QAM符号的第二参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为M-K1-1，对于SC-QAM符号中的第三参考点，其在时域向量x l中的时域索引为0。
前文已描述，集合可以视为多维时域向量。上文示例中的时域向量x l可以表示集合对应的时域向量。时域向量x l中的元素对应于集合中的复数符号。时域向量x l中元素的时域索引对应于集合中复数符号在该集合中的位置。
上文示例表明，时域向量x l中元素的时域索引与时域向量x l对应的发射符号中的时域位置(例如，第一参考点、第二参考点、第三参考点)具有对应关系。因此，集合中复数符号的位置也与该集合对应的发射符号中的位置具有对应关系。
基于发射符号y与发射符号y+1的不同时域结构，在步骤S1230中，可以对第一集合与第二集合进行多种不同方式的复制操作。
第一种复制操作。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别对应上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图4中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1，在步骤S1230中可以对第一集合与第二集合进行第一种复制操作。
第一种复制操作使得第一集合与第二集合中均具有第一复数符号，第一复数符号在第一集合中的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第三参考点，第一复数符号在第二集合中的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点。例如，第一复数符号可以包括多个复数符号。
第二种复制操作。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别对应上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图6中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1，在步骤S1250中可以对第一集合与第二集合进行第二种复制操作。
第二种复制操作使得第一集合与第二集合中均具有第二复数符号，第二复数符号在第一集合中的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点，第二复数符号在第二集合中的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点。例如，第二复数符号可以包括多个复数符号。
作为示例，第二复数符号在第一集合中构成的第一子集对应的时域向量为第一集合对应的时域向量x l中的如下子向量x l[1]：
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000002
第二复数符号在第二集合中构成的第二子集对应的时域向量为第二集合对应的时域向量x l+1中的如下子量x l+1[2]：
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000003
其中，M表示第一集合对应的时域向量x l与第二集合对应的时域向量x l+1的维度，
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000004
表示第一集合与第二集合之间具有的相同的复数符号所构成的子集的长度，M-K-1表示第二发射符号的第二参考点在第二集合对应的时域向量中的时域索引，K的取值与循环前缀(CP)的长度相关。例如，K的取值根据CP的长度确定。
应理解，在应用场景一中，本例中的K根据K＝P/N·M计算得到(参见上文描述)。在应用场景二中，本例中的K等于等效CP长度值K1。
应理解，在本示例中，第一集合对应的时域向量x l中的子向量x l[1]与第一集合中的第一子集所包含的元素相同，第二集合对应的时域向量x l+1中的子向量x l+1[2]与第二集合的第二子集所包含的元素相同。
第三种复制操作。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1既分别对应上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号，又分别对应上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图7中的发射符号1与发射符号2，在步骤S1250中可以对第一集合与第二集合进行第三种复制操作。
第三种复制操作包括第一种复制操作与第二种复制操作。即第三种复制操作使得第一集合与第二集合中均具有第一复数符号与第二复数符号。
关于第一种复制操作、第二种复制操作、第一复数符号以及第二复数符号的描述，详 见上文，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
可选地，在本实施例中，第一种复制操作与第二种复制操作分离执行。
可选地，在本实施例中，第一种复制操作与第二种复制操作合并执行，即第一种复制操作与第二种复制操作通过一次复制操作完成。
对第一集合与第二集合进行的第一复制操作，也可理解为，在第一集合和第二集合中映射第一复数符号。对第一集合与第二集合进行的第二复制操作，也可理解为，在第一集合和第二集合中映射第二复数符号。
以步骤S1230中对第一集合与第二集合进行的第二复制操作为例。可选地，在步骤S1230中，将第一集合中的第二复数符号复制到第二集合中。
作为示例，第一集合中被复制的第二复数符号所构成的第一子集对应的时域向量如前文描述的x l[1]，由第一集合复制到第二集合中的第二复数符号所构成的第二子集对应的时域向量如前文描述的x l+1[2]。
这种复制方式可以称为后向复制。
还以步骤S1230中对第一集合与第二集合进行的第二复制操作为例。可选地，在步骤S1230中，将第二集合中的第二复数符号复制到第一集合中。
作为示例，第二集合中被复制的第二复数符号所构成的第二子集对应的时域向量如前文描述的x l+1[2]，由第二集合复制到第一集合中的第二复数符号所构成的第一子集对应的时域向量如前文描述的x l[1]。
这种复制方式可以称为前向复制。
上述前向复制与后向复制的实施方式也可适用于第一集合与第二集合的第一复制操作，这里不再赘述。
可选地，上述第三种复制操作可以替换为第一种复制操作与信号处理，该信号处理可以实现集合在时域上的移位。
可选地，如图13所示，在图12所示的实施例中，在步骤S1230之后，在步骤S1240之前，该方法还包括步骤S1250。
步骤S1250，对第一集合与第二集合进行信号处理，该信号处理包括循环移位或频域加权。
应理解，在步骤S1250中，是对经过复制操作之后的第一集合与第二集合进行处理。
还应理解，若步骤S1250中的信号处理为循环移位，则在步骤S1250中，是对第一集合对应的时域信号以及第二集合对应的时域信号进行信号处理；若步骤S1250中的信号处理为频域加权，则在步骤S1250中，是对第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号进行频域加权。
步骤S1250的执行窗口根据应用场景的不同而不同。
在应用场景一中，步骤S1250的执行时机可以包括如图10中所示的①、②、③。
可选地，如图10中①所指示的时机，在DFT之前执行步骤S1250。
例如，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合进行循环移位。
可选地，如图10中②所指示的时机，在DFT之后，IFFT之前执行步骤S1250。
例如，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合进行DFT，分别获得第一集合与第二集合的频域信号，然后对第一集合与第二集合的频域信号进行频域加权，以等效实现对第 一集合与第二集合的循环移位。
可选地，如图10中③所指示的时机，在IFFT之后，添加CP之前执行步骤S1250。
应理解，通过对第一集与第二集合进行IFFT，可以得到第一集合与第二集合的时域符号
例如，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合的时域符号进行循环移位。
在应用场景二中，如图11中④所指示的，在复制操作之后，添加CP之前执行步骤S1250。
可选地，在图13所示的实施例中，步骤S1230包括：对第一集合与第二集合进行第二种复制操作；步骤S1250包括：按照相同的步长与方向，分别对第一集合与第二集合进行循环移位，使得第二复数符号在第一集合中构成的第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，第二复数符号在第二集合中构成的第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
应理解，由于是采用相同的步长与方向对第一集合与第二集合进行循环移位，所以可以实现发射符号y中结束位置为第一参考点的符号分量与发射符号y+1中结束位置为第二参考点的符号分量相同。
还应理解，在本实施例中，通过对第一集合与第二集合进行第二种复制操作，并通过如步骤S1250中的循环移位，可以基于第一集合生成如图7中所示的发射符号1，基于第二集合可以生成如图7中所示的发射符号2(假设图7中所示的发射符号1与发射符号2具有符号分量D2)。
应理解，本实施例通过对复制操作之后的集合进行循环移位，可以在一定程度上减小滤波器的拖尾效应对符号间的保护间隔扩展的影响。
在步骤S1230中，通过复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合具有部分相同的复数符号。为了便于描述与理解，下文中将这部分相同的复数符号在第一集合中所构成的子集称为第一子集，将这部分相同的复数符号在第二集合中所构成的子集称为第二子集。应理解，第一子集与第二子集的长度相同，第一子集与第二子集中包括的复数符号相同。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一子集的时域位置与第二子集的时域位置可以不同。即，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与第二子集的起始位置的时域索引不同，第一子集的结束位置的时域索引与第二子集的结束位置的时域索引不同。
可选地，在一些实施例中，第一子集的时域位置与第二子集的时域位置可以相同，即第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与第二子集的起始位置的时域索引相同，第一子集的结束位置的时域索引与第二子集的结束位置的时域索引相同。
本文中，将使得第一子集的时域位置与第二子集的时域位置相同的复制操作称为同位置复制操作。
可选地，上述的在步骤S1230中对第一集合与第二集合的第一复制操作、第二复制操作或第三复制操作可以替换为，对第一集合与第二集合的同位置复制操作与信号处理，该信号处理可以实现第一集合与第二集合中至少一个集合在时域上的移位。该信号处理可以通过循环移位或频域加权实现。
可选地，在图13所示的实施例中，步骤1230包括：对第一集合与第二集合进行同位置复制操作；步骤S1250包括：对第一集合与第二集合进行信号处理，以实现第一集合与 第二集合中至少一个集合在时域上的移位。其中，步骤S1250中的信号处理包括循环移位或频域加权。
步骤S1250中对第一集合与第二集合的信号处理可以包括如下多种信号处理。
第一种信号处理。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别对应上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图4中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合进行第一种信号处理，该第一种信号处理使得第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第三参考点，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点。
第二种信号处理。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别对应上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图6中的发射符号x与发射符号x+1，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合进行第二种信号处理，该第二种信号处理使得第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点，以及使得第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点。
第三种信号处理。
在发射符号y与发射符号y+1既分别对应上文实施例中的第一发射符号与第二发射符号，又分别对应上文实施例中的第四发射符号与第三发射符号情形下，例如，发射符号y与发射符号y+1分别如图7中的发射符号1与发射符号2，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合进行第三种信号处理，该第三种信号处理使得，第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
可选地，第三种信号处理可以包括两次信号处理。
例如，在步骤S1250中，对第一集合与第二集合分别进行第一信号处理，该第一信号处理使得，第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点，以及使得第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点；统一对第一集合经过第一信号处理之后的信号以及第二集合经过第一信号处理之后的信号进行第二信号处理，该第二信号处理使得，第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
第二信号处理可以理解为是对第一集合与第二集合的公共移位操作。
第一信号处理包括循环移位或频域加权，该第二信号处理包括循环移位或频域加权。其中，若第一信号处理为循环移位，第二信号处理也为循环移位；若第一信号处理为频域加权，第二信号处理可以为频域加权或循环移位。
上文中提及的“第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置”，指的是，第一集合中第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的尾部位置，第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号 y的头部位置。
需要说明的是，本文中提及“第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置”的前提是，对第一集合进行信号处理，即对第一集合进行循环移位或频域加权。应理解，在循环移位(或频域加权)的前提下，“第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置”，可以理解为“第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的头部位置”，或者“第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第三参考点之后的位置”。或者，从第一发射符号的时域结构来看，“第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置”可以表达为“第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置”。
还需要说明的是，本文是为了阐述第一子集的时域位置对应到发射符号y中的时域位置是覆盖了第一发射符号的第一参考点(即第一发射符号的结束位置)，因此，采用如下描述方式“第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置”。
下文结合图15给出对第一集合与第二集合进行同位置复制操作与步骤S1250中的信号处理的例子。在图15中，以要生成的发射符号y与发射符号y+1具有相同的第一符号分量与第二符号分量为例，例如，发射符号y如图7中的发射符号1，发射符号y+1如图7中所示的发射符号2。
在描述图15之前，先参见图14。图14示出，在对第一集合与第二集合进行同位置复制操作之后，在未进行步骤S1250的情况下，集合与发射符号之间的对应关系。即图14中的发射符号y是基于经过同位置复制操作之后的、未经过步骤S1250处理的第一集合得到的，发射符号y+1是基于经过同位置复制操作之后的、未经过步骤S1250处理的第二集合得到的。
如图14所示，在经过同位置复制操作之后，第一集合与第二集合具有部分相同的复数符号(下文中记为第一复数符号)。该第一复数符号可以包括多个复数符号。该第一复数符号在第一集合中构成的子集如图14中所示的子集S1，该第一复数符号在第二集合中构成的子集如图14中所示的子集S2，子集S1与子集S2的时域位置相同，即子集S1与子集S2的起始位置相同，结束位置也相同。
如图14所示，发射符号y中的符号分量D1与发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2相同，且符号分量D1与符号分量D2的时域位置相同。其中，第一集合中的子集S1对应于发射符号y中的符号分量D1，第二集合中的子集S2对应于发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2。
从图14可以看出，发射符号y中的符号分量D1的位置相对于第一集合中的子集S1的位置未发生移位，发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2的位置相对于第二集合中的子集S2的位置未发生移位。
图15示出，在对第一集合与第二集合进行同位置复制操作之后，在进行步骤S1250的情况下，集合与发射符号之间的对应关系。即图15中的发射符号y是基于经过同位置复制操作之后的、经过步骤S1250处理的第一集合得到的，发射符号y+1是基于经过同位置复制操作之后的、经过步骤S1250处理的第二集合得到的。
图15中的第一集合与第二集合图14，详见上文，这里不再赘述。
如图15所示，发射符号y中的符号分量D1与发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2相同。 符号分量D1的起始位置位于发射符号y的第一参考点之前，符号分量D1的结束位置位于发射符号y的第一参考点之后(即发射符号y的头部)，换句话说，符号分量D1的结束位置位于发射符号y的第三参考点之后。符号分量D2的起始位置位于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前，符号分量D2的结束位置位于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后。其中，发射符号y中的符号分量D1对应于第一集合中的子集S1，发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2对应于第二集合中的子集S2。
从图15可以看出，发射符号y中的符号分量D1相对于第一集合中的子集S1的位置发生了移位，发射符号y+1中的符号分量D2相对于第二集合中的子集S2的位置发生了移位。应理解，这种移位是通过步骤S1250中的信号处理实现的。
下文以发射符号y与发射符号y+1具有相同的第一符号分量与第二符号分量为例，继续描述步骤S1250的实现方式。例如，发射符号y如图7中的发射符号1，发射符号y+1如图7中所示的发射符号2。
可选地，在图13所示实施例中，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号，步骤S1250包括如下步骤。
对第一集合与第二集合进行频域处理，获得第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号。对第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号进行IFFT，获得第一集合对应的时域信号以及第二集合对应的时域信号。对第一集合对应的时域信号以及第二集合对应的时域信号进行循环移位，使得第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
其中，对第一集合与第二集合进行频域处理，指的是，对第一集合与第二集合进行DFT。
应理解，在本实施例中，在步骤S1250中是通过循环移位实现图15所示的移位的。
在本实施例中，步骤S1250可以在图10中③所示的时机执行。
作为示例，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号，本申请生成DFT-s-OFDM符号的流程如如图16所示。该流程包括如下步骤。对编码比特流进行调制，获得多个调制符号，该调制符号可以称为复数符号，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1210。对多个复数符号进行分组，获得多个集合，这个步骤对应于步骤S1220。对多个集合进行复数符号的复制操作，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1230。对经过复制操作之后的信号进行DFT。将DFT变换之后的M点频域元素映射至M个连续的子载波(图16未画出)，发射机在除此M个子载波之外的子载波插零或映射其余信号。在子载波映射之后，再对频域信号进行IFFT变换。对经过IFFT的信号进行循环移位，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1250。对经过循环移位的信号添加CP，经过并串转换(P/S)，最终获得DFT-s-OFDM符号，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1240。
例如，本申请实施例中的分组可以通过串/并转换(serial/parallel，S/P)实现。
可选地，在图13所示实施例中，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号，步骤S1250包括如下操作。
对第一集合与第二集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT，获得第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号。对第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号进行 频域加权，使得第一子集的起始位置对应于第一发射符号的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
应理解，在本实施例中，在步骤S1250中是通过频域加权的方式等效实现如图15所示的移位。
在本实施例中，步骤S1250可以在图10中②所示的时机执行。
作为示例，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号，本申请生成DFT-s-OFDM符号的流程包括如下步骤。对编码比特流进行调制，获得多个调制符号，该调制符号可以称为复数符号，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1210。对多个复数符号进行分组，获得多个集合，这个步骤对应于步骤S1220。对多个集合进行复数符号的复制操作，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1230。对经过复制操作之后的信号进行DFT。对DFT变化之后的M点频域元素进行上述频域加权。将进过频域加权之后的M点频域元素映射至M个连续的子载波，发射机在除此M个子载波之外的子载波插零或映射其余信号。在子载波映射之后，再对频域信号进行IFFT变换。对经过IFFT的信号进行循环移位，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1250。对经过循环移位的信号添加CP，最终获得DFT-s-OFDM符号，该步骤可以对应于步骤S1240。
作为示例，对第一集合对应的频域信号以及第二集合对应的频域信号进行频域加权时，采用的权值满足如下公式：
C(k,l)＝C 0(l)·exp(j2πkn 0(l)/P)
其中，C(k,l)表示权值。C 0(l)与符号编号l相关，在一个发射符号内，其为常数，本申请不限定C 0(l)的具体取值。可选地，C 0(l)＝1。j表示复数符号，即
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000005
P的可能取值包括两种，P＝N u或P＝M，其中，N u表示IFFT后符号除CP外的长度，M表示DFT点数。
P的可能取值包括两种，P＝N u或P＝M，其中，N u表示IFFT后符号除CP外的长度，M表示DFT点数。
假设IFFT后的移位值为CP长度，即N CP,l，等效的频域加权的参数取值如下，当P＝N u时，n 0(l)＝N CP,l；当P＝M时，n 0(l)＝M·N CP,l/N u。
符号编号为l的发射符号的移位值为
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000006
当P＝N u时，
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000007
当P＝M时，
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000008
其中，o1表示累加的起始符号，取值可以是0,1，2等；N 1表示初始移位值，N 1可以设置。
对应的，可以得到，n 0(1)＝M·N 1/N u。
可选地，可以通过N 1计算n 0(1)的取值。
可选地，可以通过协议直接定义n 0(1)的取值。
可选地，在一些实施例中，符号编号为l+1的发射符号的等效移位值比符号编号l为的发射符号的等效移位值多N CP,l+1。
可以理解到，因此可得到：
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000009
可选地，可以通过协议直接定义N CP,l+1/N u的取值。
例如，在现有的NR协议中，一种可能的取值为
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000010
在应用场景二中，循环移位在复制操作之后，添加CP之前进行，例如，在图11中④所示的时机进行。
可选地，在图13所示实施例中，发射符号为DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号，步骤S1250中的信号处理包括循环移位，该步骤S1250包括如下操作：直接对步骤S1230得到的第一集合与第二集合进行循环移位，使得第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y+1的第二参考点之后的位置。
本实施例可以对应于在图10中①所示的时机执行循环移位，或者，本实施例可以对应于在图11中④所示的时机执行循环移位。
可选地，在步骤S1230为同位置复制操作的实施例中，复制操作使得第一集合与第二集合中具有部分相同的复数符号，将这部分相同的复数符号在第一集合中构成的子集记为第一子集，将这部分相同的复数符号在第二集合中构成的子集记为第二子集，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与第二子集的起始位置的时域索引相同，其中，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与CP的长度以及符号编号有关。
换句话说，针对两个连续的发射符号对应的两个集合，可以根据发射符号的符号编号，确定参与复制操作的复数符号的位置。
作为示例，在步骤S1230中，对第一集合与第二集合进行同位置复制操作，其中，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引i满足如下公式：
i＝A+CL CP(l)
其中，l表示第一集合的符号编号，其中，l＝0表示信号流中的第一个发射符号，l＝1表示信号流中的第二个发射符号，以此类推。A表示符号编号l为0的集合中的第一子集的时域索引。CL CP(l)表示符号编号为l的第一集合的等效累加CP长度，表示符号编号为o1的发射符号至符号编号为l的发射符号的CP的长度之和在DFT之前的时域向量中的等效长度，其中o1表示累加的起始符号，取值可以是0，1，2等。
符号编号不同的发射符号的CP的长度可以相同，也可以不同。
作为示例，符号编号为l的集合的等效累加CP长度CL CP(l)满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000011
其中，M表示DFT点数，N u表示IFFT后符号除CP外的长度，N CP,o表示符号编号为o的集合在IFFT后的移位值(CP长度),o1表示累加的起始符号，取值可以是0,1，2等，
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000012
表示向下取整。向下取值可替换为其他取整方式。
可选地，在一些实施例中，信号流中不同符号编号的发射符号的CP的长度均相同，则在经过复制操作的第一集合与第二集合中，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引i满足如下公式：
i＝A+l·L CP
其中，l表示第一集合的符号编号，其中，l＝0表示信号流中的第一个发射符号，l＝1表示信号流中的第二个发射符号，以此类推。A表示符号编号l为0的集合中的第一子集的时域索引。L CP表示CP的长度在DFT之前的时域向量中的等效长度。
还应理解，在步骤S1230中，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与第二子集的起始位置的时域索引相同，因此，第二子集的起始位置的时域索引i也满足上述如下公式。
应理解，对符号编号为l与l+1的两个发射符号对应的两个集合进行复制操作的复制位置(即被复制的符号分量的时域索引)，与对符号编号为l+1与l+2的两个发射符号对应的两个集合进行复制操作的复制位置不同。
作为示例而非限定，图17为对时域连续的多个时域符号对应的多个集合进行同位置复制操作之后的时域结构示意图。
在图17中，作如下假设：集合1的符号编号为0，集合2的符号编号为1，…，集合6的符号编号5；不同符号编号的集合对应的发射符号的CP的长度相同；符号编号为0的集合1中参与复制操作的子集的时域索引A为0。
如图17所示，集合1与集合2均具有复数符号构成的子集G1，且子集G1在集合1与集合2中的位置相同；集合2与集合3均具有子集G2，且子集G2在集合1与集合2中的位置相同，以此类推。对于集合1与集合2，子集G1的时域索引为0；对于集合2与集合3，子集G2的时域索引为L CP；对于集合3与集合4，子集G3的时域索引为i＝A+l·L CP＝2L CP；对于集合4与集合5，子集G4的时域索引为i＝A+l·L CP＝3L CP；对于集合5与集合6，子集G5的时域索引为i＝A+l·L CP＝4L CP。其中，L CP表示CP的长度在DFT之前的时域向量中的等效长度。
可选地，在如下情况下，在步骤S1250中，可以不对第一集合进行循环移位，仅对第二集合进行循环移位。
步骤S1230包括：对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合中具有部分相同的复数符号，将这部分相同的复数符号在第一集合中构成的子集记为第一子集，将这部分相同的复数符号在第二集合中构成的子集记为第二子集，第一子集的起始位置的时域索引与第二子集的起始位置的时域索引相同。其中，第一子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之前的位置，第一子集的结束位置对应于发射符号y的第一参考点之后的位置，第二子集的起始位置对应于发射符号y+1的第一参考点之前的位置，第二子集的结束位置对应于发射符y+1的第一参考点之后的位置。
可选地，在一些实施例中，步骤S1250中的信号处理包括循环移位，其中，对于第一集合的循环移位步长根据CP的长度与发射符号y的符号编号确定，对于第二集合的循环移位步长根据CP的长度与发射符号y的符号编号有关。
例如，l表示发射符号的符号编号，假设l＝0对应信号流中的第一个发射符号，l＝1对应信号流中的第二个发射符号，以此类推。在该假设下，在步骤S1250中，符号编号为 l的集合的循环移位步长Z(l)满足如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000013
其中，Z 0表示符号编号为0的集合的循环移位步长，
Figure PCTCN2019115142-appb-000014
表示符号编号为l的集合的等效累加CP长度，表示符号编号为o1的发射符号至符号编号为l的发射符号的CP的长度之和在IFFT之后的时域向量中的等效长度。
符号编号不同的发射符号的CP的长度可以相同，也可以不同。
可选地，在一些实施例中，信号流中不同符号编号的发射符号的CP的长度均相同，符号编号为l的集合的循环移位步长Z(l)满足如下公式：
Z(l)＝Z 0+l·N CP
其中，Z 0表示符号编号为0的集合的循环移位步长，该集合的循环移位步长可以预设值，例如可以为经验值。N CP表示CP的长度在IFFT之后的时域向量中的等效长度。
图18为对时域连续的多个时域符号对应的多个集合进行复制操作与信号处理(循环移位或频域加权)的示意图。
作为示例而非限定，图18中位于发射符号的时域窗口内的6个发射符号表示由经过步骤S1230与步骤S1250处理的集合1至集合6生成的时域连续的发射符号。在图18中，不考虑发射符号的循环前缀(CP)。图18中，发射符号1至发射符号6的符号编号依次为0,1，…，5。
需要说明的是，在图18中，为了更好地理解循环移位，而画出一个发射符号的时域窗口，这个时域窗口仅为了便于理解与描述，不对本申请实施例造成限定。
可以等效地认为，图18中的发射符号1是对图17中的集合1进行信号处理(循环移位或频域加权)得到的发射符号，图18中的发射符号2是对图17中的集合2进行信号处理(循环移位或频域加权)得到的发射符号，…，图18中的发射符号6是对图17中的集合6进行信号处理(循环移位或频域加权)得到的发射符号。
从图18还可以理解到，符号编号为l+1的发射符号的循环移位步长与符号编号l为的发射符号的循环移位步长相差一个CP长度。这里假设不同符号编号的发射符号的CP长度相同。
本申请实施例可以应用于生成DFT-s-OFDM符号与SC-QAM符号。此外，本申请还可以应用于生成参考信号，例如解调参考信号(de-modulation reference signal，DMRS)等参考信号。
对于DFT-s-OFDM波形，参考信号通常在频域生成并直接进行子载波映射。
作为一种可能的实施方式，当发射符号为参考信号时，本申请实施例中的复制操作在将参考信号频域序列变换至时域的采样值之后执行。
考虑到参考信号用于估计信道，为了保证信道性能，不希望参考信号中包含其它符号的时域采样点。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，若发射符号x为参考信号，发射符号x之前与之后的发射符号均为非参考信号，则对于发射符号x之前的发射符号(包括该参考信号x)，在步 骤S1230中采用前向复制，对于该发射符号x之后的参考信号(包括该参考信号x)，在步骤S1230中采用后向复制。
在本实施例中，既可以实现灵活配置符号间的保护间隔，又可以保证参考信号的完整性。
图19示出3个发射符号(1,2,3)的时域结构示意图，其中，发射符号2为DMRS，发射符号1与发射符号2为非参考信号，发射符号2对应的集合2与发射符号1对应的集合1之间的复制关系是前向复制，发射符号2对应的集合2与发射符号3对应的集合3之间的复制关系是后向复制。
从图19可知，发射符号2中结束位置为第二参考点的符号分量R1被复制到发射符号1中，复制到发射符号1中的符号分量R1的结束位置为发射符号1的第一参考点，发射符号2中结束位置为第一参考点的符号分量R2被复制到发射符号3中，复制到发射符号3中的符号分量R2的结束位置为发射符号3的第一参考点。
如图19所示，发射符号2符号1的复制关系是前向复制，即将DMRS中的符号分量R1前向复制到符号1中，以此类推，将符号1中的符号分量D0前向复制到符号1之前的符号(图19中未示出)中；DMRS与符号3的复制关系是后向复制，即将DMRS中的符号分量R2后向复制到符号3中，以此类推，将符号3中的符号分量D3复制到符号2之后的符号(图19中未示出)中。
应理解，本实施例既可以实现符号间的保护间隔的灵活配置，又可以保证参考信号的准确性，从而可以保证信道性能。
图20示出3个发射符号(1,2,3)的时域结构示意图，其中，发射符号2为DMRS，发射符号1与发射符号2为非参考信号，发射符号2对应的集合2与发射符号1对应的集合1之间的复制关系是前向复制，发射符号2对应的集合2与发射符号3对应的集合3之间的复制关系是后向复制。
从图20可知，发射符号2中起始位置为第二参考点的符号分量R12被复制到发射符号1中，复制到发射符号1中的符号分量R12的起始位置为发射符号1的第三参考点，发射符号2中结束位置为第二参考点的符号分量R11被复制到发射符号1中，复制到发射符号1中的符号分量R11的结束位置为发射符号1的第一参考点。发射符号2中结束位置为第一参考点的符号分量R21被复制到发射符号3中，复制到发射符号3中的符号分量R21的结束位置为发射符号3的第二参考点，发射符号2中起始位置为第三参考点的符号分量R22被复制到发射符号3中，复制到发射符号3中的符号分量R22的起始位置为发射符号3的第二参考点。其中，第一参考点表示发射符号的结束位置，第二参考点表示发射符号的截取CP的位置，第三参考点表示发射符号的起始位置(CP的结束位置)，如图20所示。
如图20所示，发射符号2与发射符号1的复制关系是前向复制，即将DMRS中的符号分量R11与R12向复制到符号1中，以此类推，将发射符号1中的符号分量D0复制到符号1之前的符号(图20中未示出)中；DMRS与发射符号3的复制关系是后向复制，即将DMRS中的符号分量R21与R22复制到发射符号3中，以此类推，将发射符号3中的符号分量复制到发射符号2之后的符号(图20中未示出)中。
应理解，本实施例既可以实现符号间的保护间隔的灵活配置，又可以保证参考信号的 准确性，从而可以保证信道性能。
在存在时域连续的两个或多个发射符号均为参考信号的情况下，本申请提出一种符号处理的方法，该方法包括如下步骤。
步骤1)，得到多个复数符号。
步骤2)，将多个复数符号分为多个集合，多个集合中包括第一集合与第二集合，第一集合对应第一发射符号，第二集合对应第二发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号时域连续，第一发射符号位于第二发射符号之前，第一集合中的第一子集中的复数符号与第二集合中的第二子集中的复数符号相同。
例如，第一集合对应的时域向量与第二集合对应的时域向量相同。
步骤3)，对第一集合与第二集合进行信号处理，信号处理包括循环移位或频域加权，信号处理使得第一子集的起始位置对应于第一发射符号的第一参考点之前的位置，且第一子集的结束位置对应于第一发射符号的第一参考点之后的位置，以及使得第二子集的起始位置对应于第二发射符号的第二参考点之前的位置，且第二子集的结束位置对应于第二发射符号的第二参考点之后的位置。其中，第一参考点表示发射符号的结束位置，第二参考点表示发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置。
可选地，第一集合与第二集合对应的发射符号为参考信号，例如，为DMRS。
应理解，在本实施例中，没有对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，当第一集合与第二集合对应的发射符号为参考信号时，可以在保证参考信号的准确性的前提下，可以实现参考信号的保护间隔的灵活配置。
基于上述描述，本申请实施例通过对时域连续的两个发射符号对应的两个集合进行复制操作以及包括循环移位或频域加权的信号处理，可以生成时域结构如图3所示的第一发射符号与第二发射符号。因此，本申请实施例可以在固定CP长度的前提下，实现符号间的保护间隔的灵活配置。
如前文描述，本申请可以应用于短包传输。
例如，本申请实施例中的第一发射符号可以为第二类发射符号序列中的首个子发射符号，或者，第一发射符号可以表示第二类发射符号序列中任意相邻两个子发射符号中的前一个子发射符号。再例如，本申请实施例中的第三发射符号可以表示第二类发射符号序列中任意相邻两个子发射符号中的后一个子发射符号。其中，第二类发射符号序列表示，基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
当本申请应用于短包传输时，生成发射符号的方法，除了如下区别，其余与前文描述的类似，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
区：当第一子发射符号非发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行DFT之前添加的。
其中，当第一子发射符号为发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号的循环前缀是可以在对第一集合进行DFT之前添加，也可以在对第一集合进行DFT之前添加。
可选地，第二类发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
应理解，除了本文提供的实施例，其它任何可以生成时域结构如图4、图5或图7所示的发射符号的方案也均落入本申请保护范围。
本文中描述的各个实施例可以为独立的方案，也可以根据内在逻辑进行组合，这些方 案都落入本申请的保护范围中。
可以理解的是，上述各个方法实施例中，执行主体既可以是终端设备或者可用于终端设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)，也可以是网络设备或者可用于网络设备的部件(例如芯片或者电路)。
上文描述了本申请实施例提供的方法实施例，下文将描述本申请实施例提供的装置实施例。应理解，装置实施例的描述与方法实施例的描述相互对应，因此，未详细描述的内容可以参见上文方法实施例，为了简洁，这里不再赘述。
图21为本申请实施例提供的通信装置2100的示意性框图。该通信装置2100包括收发单元2110和处理单元2120。收发单元2110可以与外部进行通信，处理单元2110用于进行数据处理。收发单元2110还可以称为通信接口或通信单元。
该通信装置2100可以用于执行上文方法实施例中发送端执行的动作，也可以用于执行上文方法实施例中接收端执行的动作。
该通信装置2100可以为终端设备，也可以为网络设备。
作为一种设计，该通信装置2100用于执行上文方法实施例中发送端执行的动作。处理单元2120，用于生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀。收发单元2110，用于发送第一发射符号。
可选地，第一发射符号为发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。
可选地，处理单元2120还用于，生成发射符号序列中的第三发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第三发射符号中的结束位置为第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第四发射符号中的结束位置为第四发射符号的结束位置，第四发射符号为与第三发射符号相邻的前上一个发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号均具有循环前缀。收发单元2110，还用于发送第三发射符号。
可选地，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
例如，该发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
可选地，处理单元2120用于：获得多个复数符号；将多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，多个集合包括对应第一发射符号的第一集合与对应第二发射符号的第二集合；对第一集合与第二集合进行复制操作，使得第一集合与第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；基于第一集合生成第一发射符号。
例如，该处理单元2120用于执行上文步骤S1210至步骤S1240。
可选地，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，其中，当第一发射符号非发射序列的首个发射符号时，第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
可选地，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，其中，当第一发射符号为发射序列的首个发射符号时，第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
作为另一种设计，该通信装置2100用于执行上文方法实施例中接收端执行的动作。处理单元2120，用于：确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第一发射符号的第一接收窗，第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二发射符号为与第一发射符号相邻的一个发射符号，第一发射符号与第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；调整第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收第一发射符号。收发单元2110，用于利用调整后的第一接收窗接收第一发射符号。
可选地，处理单元2120用于，将第一接收窗的时间后移第一步长，第一步长不大于第一符号分量的长度。
可选地，第一发射符号为发射符号序列的首个发射符号。
可选地，处理单元2120还用于，确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第三发射符号的第三接收窗，第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第三发射符号中的结束位置为第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第四发射符号中的结束位置为第四发射符号的结束位置，第四发射符号为与第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第三发射符号与第四发射符号均具有循环前缀。收发单元2110还用于，利用第三接收窗接收第三发射符号。
可选地，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
可选地，发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
作为再一种设计，在发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列的情况下，处理单元2120，用于生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，其中，发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。收发单元2110，用于发送第一子发射符号。
其中，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，第一符号分量在第一子发射符号中的起始位置为第一发射符号的起始位置，第一符号分量在第二子发射符号中的起始位置为第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀；和/或
第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，第二符号分量在第一子发射符号中的结束位置为第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，第二符号分量在第三子发射符号中的结束位置为第三子发射符号的结束位置，第三子发射符号为与第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
可选地，第一子发射符号为发射符号序列的首个子发射符号。
可选地，当第一子发射符号非发射序列的首个子发射符号时，第一子发射符号不包括第一符号分量。
如图22所示，本申请实施例还提供一种符号处理的装置2200。该装置2200用于执行上述方法实施例中的步骤S1210至步骤S1240。可选地，该装置2200还用于执行步骤S1250。
如图22所示，该装置2200可以包括如下单元。
获取单元2210，用于执行步骤S1210。
分组单元2220，用于执行步骤S1220。
复制单元2230，用于执行步骤S1230。
信号处理单元2240，用于执行步骤S1250。
符号生成单元2250，用于执行步骤S1240。
可选地，获取单元2210中可以包括调制子单元，用于对编码后比特流进行调制获得调制符号，调制符号也可称为复数符号。
可选地，获取单元2210用于根据相位PTRS采样点与调制符号，得到多个复数符号，用于分组单元2220进行处理。
可选地，当该装置2200应用于应用场景一，作为示例，如图23所示，符号生成单元2250可以包括DFT子单元、子载波映射子单元、IFFT子单元、添加CP子单元。
在图23中，信号处理单元2240位于复制单元2230与符号生成单元2250之间，这种情形下的信号处理单元2240可以称为循环移位单元。
可选地，信号处理单元2240可以位于符号生成单元2250中。
例如，信号处理单元2240位于DFT子单元与IFFT子单元之间，这种情形下，信号处理单元2240可以称为频域加权单元。
再例如，信号处理单元2240位于IFFT子单元与添加CP子单元之间，这种情形下，信号处理单元2240可以称为循环移位单元。
可选地，当该装置2200应用于应用场景二，作为示例，如图24所示，符号生成单元2250可以包括添加CP子单元、上采样子单元与滤波子单元。这种情形下，信号处理单元2240可以称为循环移位单元。
可选地，获取单元2210、分组单元2220、复制单元2230、信号处理单元2240(或者，还包括符号生成单元2250)可以通过软件的方式实现，也可以通过硬件的方式实现，还可以通过硬件和软件的方式实现。另外，获取单元2210、分组单元2220、复制单元2230、信号处理单元2240(或者，还包括符号生成单元2250)也可以分别为不同的芯片，也可以集成在一个芯片或集成电路上。
可选地，在上述实施例中，获取单元2210、分组单元2220、复制单元2230、信号处理单元2240、符号生成单元2250均可采用处理器或处理器相关电路实现。
如图25所示，本申请实施例还提供一种符号处理的装置2500。装置2500包括处理器2510、存储器2520和收发器2530，存储器2520中存储有程序，处理器2510用于执行存储器2520中存储的程序，对存储器2520中存储的程序的执行，使得装置2500用于执行上文的方法实施例。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是终端设备也可以是芯片。该通信装置可以用于执行上述方法实施例。
当该通信装置为终端设备时，图26示出了一种简化的终端设备的结构示意图。便于理解和图示方便，图26中，终端设备以手机作为例子。如图26所示，终端设备包括处理器、存储器、射频电路、天线以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对终端设备进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据等。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频 信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。需要说明的是，有些种类的终端设备可以不具有输入输出装置。
当需要发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行射频处理后将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，将射频信号转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。为便于说明，图26中仅示出了一个存储器和处理器，在实际的终端设备产品中，可以存在一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等。存储器可以是独立于处理器设置，也可以是与处理器集成在一起，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
在本申请实施例中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和射频电路视为终端设备的收发单元，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备的处理单元。
如图26所示，终端设备包括收发单元2610和处理单元2620。收发单元2610也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。处理单元2620也可以称为处理器，处理单板，处理模块、处理装置等。可选地，可以将收发单元2610中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元2610中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元2610包括接收单元和发送单元。收发单元有时也可以称为收发机、收发器、或收发电路等。接收单元有时也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等。发送单元有时也可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
例如，在一种实现方式中，处理单元2620用于执行上述方法实施例。收发单元2610用于上述方法实施例中相关的收发操作。例如，收发单元2610用于发送或接收DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号。
应理解，图26仅为示例而非限定，上述包括收发单元和处理单元的终端设备可以不依赖于图26所示的结构。
当该通信装置为芯片时，该芯片包括收发单元和处理单元。其中，收发单元可以是输入输出电路或通信接口；处理单元可以为该芯片上集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，该通信装置可以是网络设备也可以是芯片。该通信装置可以用于执行上述方法实施例。当该通信装置为网络设备时，例如为基站。
图21示出了一种简化的基站结构示意图。基站包括2710部分以及2720部分。2710部分主要用于射频信号的收发以及射频信号与基带信号的转换；2720部分主要用于基带处理，对基站进行控制等。2710部分通常可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、或者收发器等。2720部分通常是基站的控制中心，通常可以称为处理单元，用于控制基站执行上述方法实施例中网络设备侧的处理操作。
2710部分的收发单元，也可以称为收发机或收发器等，其包括天线和射频单元，其中射频单元主要用于进行射频处理。可选地，可以将2710部分中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即2710部分包括接收单元和发送单元。接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、或接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发 射机、发射器或者发射电路等。
2720部分可以包括一个或多个单板，每个单板可以包括一个或多个处理器和一个或多个存储器。处理器用于读取和执行存储器中的程序以实现基带处理功能以及对基站的控制。若存在多个单板，各个单板之间可以互联以增强处理能力。作为一种可选的实施方式，也可以是多个单板共用一个或多个处理器，或者是多个单板共用一个或多个存储器，或者是多个单板同时共用一个或多个处理器。
例如，在一种实现方式中，2720部分用于执行上述方法实施例。2710部分用于上述方法实施例中相关的收发操作。例如，2710部分用于发送或接收DFT-s-OFDM符号或SC-QAM符号。
应理解，图21仅为示例而非限定，上述包括收发单元和处理单元的网络设备可以不依赖于图21所示的结构。
当该通信装置为芯片时，该芯片包括收发单元和处理单元。其中，收发单元可以是输入输出电路、通信接口；处理单元为该芯片上集成的处理器或者微处理器或者集成电路。
本申请实施例中的终端设备包括具有无线通信功能的手持式设备、车载式设备、可穿戴设备或计算设备。作为示例，终端设备可以指用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。例如，终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑或带无线收发功能的电脑。终端设备还可以是虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制中的无线终端、无人驾驶中的无线终端、远程医疗中的无线终端、智能电网中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。终端设备可以是5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。
本申请实施例中的网络设备可以用于与一个或多个终端设备进行通信，也可以用于与一个或多个具有部分终端功能的基站进行通信(比如宏基站与微基站，如接入点，之间的通信)。网络设备可以称为基站。基站可能有多种形式，比如宏基站、微基站、中继站和接入点等。示例性地，本申请实施例涉及到的网络设备可以是新空口(new radio，NR)中的基站，也可以是全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的节点B(nodeB，NB)，还可以是长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统中的演进型节点B(evolutional Node B，eNB或eNodeB)。其中，5G NR中的基站还可以称为发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)或下一代节点B(next generation Node B，gNB)。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时使得该计算机实现上述方法实施例。
本申请实施例还提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，该指令被计算机执行时使得该计算机实现上述方法实施例。
上述提供的任一种通信装置中相关内容的解释及有益效果均可参考上文提供的对应 的方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备或网络设备包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作系统层，以及运行在操作系统层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也称为主存)等硬件。该操作系统可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作系统，例如，Linux操作系统、Unix操作系统、Android操作系统、iOS操作系统或windows操作系统等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。并且，本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端设备或网络设备，或者，是终端设备或网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
另外，本申请的各个方面或特征可以实现成方法、装置或使用标准编程和/或工程技术的制品。本申请中使用的术语“制品”涵盖可从任何计算机可读器件、载体或介质访问的计算机程序。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括，但不限于：磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。另外，本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。术语“机器可读介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(Programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(Static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(Dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(Synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(Double Data Rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(Enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(Synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(Direct Rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种符号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，所述第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二发射符号为与所述第一发射符号相邻的下一个发射符号，所述第一发射符号与所述第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    发送所述第一发射符号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一发射符号为所述发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    生成所述发射符号序列中的第三发射符号，所述第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第三发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第四发射符号中的结束位置为所述第四发射符号的结束位置，所述第四发射符号为与所述第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，所述第三发射符号与所述第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    发送所述第三发射符号。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，包括：
    获得多个复数符号；
    将所述多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，所述多个集合包括对应所述第一发射符号的第一集合与对应所述第二发射符号的第二集合；
    对所述第一集合与所述第二集合进行复制操作，使得所述第一集合与所述第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；
    基于所述第一集合生成所述第一发射符号。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，
    其中，当所述第一发射符号非所述发射序列的首个发射符号时，所述第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，
    其中，当所述第一发射符号为所述发射序列的首个发射符号时，所述第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
  9. 一种符号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第一发射符号的第一接收窗，所述第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二发射符号为与所述第一发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，所述第一发射符号与所述第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    调整所述第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收所述第一发射符号；
    利用调整后的所述第一接收窗接收所述第一发射符号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，调整所述第一接收窗的时间，包括：
    将所述第一接收窗的时间后移第一步长，所述第一步长不大于所述第一符号分量的长度。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一发射符号为所述发射符号序列的首个发射符号。
  12. 根据权利要求9至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    确定用于接收所述发射符号序列中的第三发射符号的第三接收窗，所述第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第三发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第四发射符号中的结束位置为所述第四发射符号的结束位置，所述第四发射符号为与所述第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，所述第三发射符号与所述第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    利用所述第三接收窗接收所述第三发射符号。
  13. 根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
  15. 一种符号处理的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，其中，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列；
    发送所述第一子发射符号，
    其中，所述第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一子发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二子发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二子发射符号为与所述第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，所述第一子发射符号与所述第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀；和/或
    所述第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第一子发射符号中的结束位置为所述第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第三子发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三子发射符号的结束位置，所述第三子发射符号为与所述第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，所述第一子发射符号与所述第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一子发射符号为所述发射符 号序列的首个子发射符号。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号非所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号不包括所述第一符号分量。
  18. 根据权利要求15至17中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，包括：
    获得多个复数符号；
    将所述多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，所述多个集合包括对应所述第一发射符号的第一集合与对应所述第二发射符号的第二集合；
    对所述第一集合与所述第二集合进行复制操作，使得所述第一集合与所述第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；
    基于所述第一集合生成所述第一子发射符号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号非所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号为所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
  21. 一种符号处理的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于生成发射符号序列中的第一发射符号，所述第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二发射符号为与所述第一发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，所述第一发射符号与所述第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一发射符号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发射符号为所述发射符号序列中的首个发射符号。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于，生成所述发射符号序列中的第三发射符号，所述第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第三发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第四发射符号中的结束位置为所述第四发射符号的结束位置，所述第四发射符号为与所述第三发射符号相邻的前上一个发射符号，所述第三发射符号与所述第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    所述收发单元，还用于发送所述第三发射符号。
  24. 根据权利要求21至23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
  26. 根据权利要求21至25中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于：
    获得多个复数符号；
    将所述多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，所述多个集合包括对应所述第一发射符号的第一集合与对应所述第二发射符号的第二集合；
    对所述第一集合与所述第二集合进行复制操作，使得所述第一集合与所述第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；
    基于所述第一集合生成所述第一发射符号。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，
    其中，当所述第一发射符号非所述发射序列的首个发射符号时，所述第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列，
    其中，当所述第一发射符号为所述发射序列的首个发射符号时，所述第一发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
  29. 一种符号处理的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于：
    确定用于接收发射符号序列中的第一发射符号的第一接收窗，所述第一发射符号与第二发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二发射符号为与所述第一发射符号相邻的一个发射符号，所述第一发射符号与所述第二发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    调整所述第一接收窗的时间，使得第一接收窗能够完整接收所述第一发射符号；
    收发单元，用于利用调整后的所述第一接收窗接收所述第一发射符号。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于，将所述第一接收窗的时间后移第一步长，所述第一步长不大于所述第一符号分量的长度。
  31. 根据权利要求29或30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发射符号为所述发射符号序列的首个发射符号。
  32. 根据权利要求29至31中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元还用于，确定用于接收所述发射符号序列中的第三发射符号的第三接收窗，所述第三发射符号与第四发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第三发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第四发射符号中的结束位置为所述第四发射符号的结束位置，所述第四发射符号为与所述第三发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，所述第三发射符号与所述第四发射符号均具有循环前缀；
    所述收发单元还用于，利用所述第三接收窗接收所述第三发射符号。
  33. 根据权利要求29至32中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列为基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述发射符号序列中至少有一个子发射符号为信道解调参考信号。
  35. 一种符号处理的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理单元，用于生成发射符号序列中的第一子发射符号，其中，所述发射符号序列为 基于单个发射符号处理得到的多个子发射符号构成的发射符号序列；
    收发单元，用于发送所述第一子发射符号，
    其中，所述第一子发射符号与第二子发射符号具有相同的第一符号分量，所述第一符号分量在所述第一子发射符号中的起始位置为所述第一发射符号的起始位置，所述第一符号分量在所述第二子发射符号中的起始位置为所述第二发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二子发射符号为与所述第一子发射符号相邻的后一个发射符号，所述第一子发射符号与所述第二子发射符号均具有循环前缀；和/或
    所述第一子发射符号与第三子发射符号具有相同的第二符号分量，所述第二符号分量在所述第一子发射符号中的结束位置为所述第一子发射符号的截取循环前缀的位置，所述第二符号分量在所述第三子发射符号中的结束位置为所述第三子发射符号的结束位置，所述第三子发射符号为与所述第一子发射符号相邻的前一个发射符号，所述第一子发射符号与所述第三子发射符号均具有循环前缀。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一子发射符号为所述发射符号序列的首个子发射符号。
  37. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号非所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号不包括所述第一符号分量。
  38. 根据权利要求35至37中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理单元用于：
    获得多个复数符号；
    将所述多个复数符号分为多个集合，其中，每个集合对应一个发射符号，所述多个集合包括对应所述第一发射符号的第一集合与对应所述第二发射符号的第二集合；
    对所述第一集合与所述第二集合进行复制操作，使得所述第一集合与所述第二集合之间具有部分相同的复数符号；
    基于所述第一集合生成所述第一子发射符号。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号非所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之前添加的。
  40. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述第一子发射符号为所述发射序列的首个子发射符号时，所述第一子发射符号的循环前缀是在对所述第一集合进行离散傅里叶变换DFT之后添加的。
  41. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    存储器，用于存储指令；
    处理器，用于执行所述存储器存储的指令，所述处理器对所述存储器存储的指令的执行，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求15至20中任一项所述的方法。
  42. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被计算机执行时，使得所述计算机实现如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求15至20中任一项所述的方法。
  43. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述指令被计算机执行时，使得 所述计算机实现如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求9至14中任一项所述的方法，或者，如权利要求15至20中任一项所述的方法。
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AU2019472104A1 (en) 2022-05-26
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US20220263693A1 (en) 2022-08-18
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