WO2021073663A2 - 基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路 - Google Patents

基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路 Download PDF

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WO2021073663A2
WO2021073663A2 PCT/CN2020/140958 CN2020140958W WO2021073663A2 WO 2021073663 A2 WO2021073663 A2 WO 2021073663A2 CN 2020140958 W CN2020140958 W CN 2020140958W WO 2021073663 A2 WO2021073663 A2 WO 2021073663A2
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circuit
real
temperature
temperature coefficient
drive output
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PCT/CN2020/140958
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2021073663A3 (zh
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郭春明
滕谋艳
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华源智信半导体(深圳)有限公司
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Publication of WO2021073663A3 publication Critical patent/WO2021073663A3/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H02H7/1255—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to internal faults, e.g. by monitoring ripple in output voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
    • H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature
    • H02H5/042—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature using temperature dependent resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of circuit temperature protection, in particular to a temperature protection method and circuit based on pin multiplexing.
  • a power tube such as a MOSFET is controlled by a control chip (also called a controller) to realize conversion.
  • a control chip also called a controller
  • the control chip only has six pins, and there are no additional pins for temperature detection.
  • one pin can also be added to the control chip with six pins, but this will increase the volume.
  • a current approach is to rely on the temperature detection circuit inside the control chip to achieve temperature protection, but this is not reliable.
  • the present invention provides a temperature protection method and circuit based on pin multiplexing, which can realize the overall temperature detection of the conversion circuit, and can improve the temperature protection reliability of the conversion circuit.
  • the present invention provides a temperature protection method based on pin multiplexing, including:
  • A1 Detect the real-time drive output current of the drive output pin through the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit; wherein the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit and the gate of the power tube multiplex the drive output pin of the control chip, The real-time drive output current changes with temperature changes to the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit;
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit is provided with at least one temperature coefficient thermistor whose resistance value changes with temperature; the temperature coefficient thermistor is arranged outside the control chip.
  • the A2 specifically includes: obtaining a real-time voltage based on the real-time drive output current; if the real-time voltage reaches a specified condition, stopping the power tube.
  • the obtaining the real-time voltage based on the real-time drive output current specifically includes: generating a mirrored current proportional to the real-time drive output current, and obtaining the real-time voltage according to the mirrored current.
  • the real-time voltage reaching a specified condition specifically includes:
  • the real-time voltage is greater than the first threshold
  • the real-time voltage is less than the second threshold.
  • the temperature coefficient thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor; the A2 specifically includes: determining that the temperature is too high based on the real-time drive output current, then stopping the power tube .
  • the stopping of the power tube specifically includes: outputting a power control signal to turn off the driving gate terminal of the power tube.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor; one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is arranged on the gate of the power tube connected to the control chip On the line driving the output pin; the other end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is grounded;
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor and a gate pull-down resistor; the negative temperature coefficient thermistor is connected in series with the gate pull-down resistor.
  • the present invention provides a circuit based on pin multiplexing, including a power tube, a control chip, and a temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit; the control chip includes a signal processing sub-circuit;
  • the control chip is provided with a drive output pin
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit and the gate of the power tube multiplex the drive output pin of the control chip to detect the real-time drive output current of the control chip;
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit is provided with at least one resistance means a temperature coefficient thermistor that changes with temperature; the temperature coefficient thermistor is arranged outside the control chip; wherein the real-time drive output current Changes with temperature changes caused by the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit;
  • the signal processing sub-circuit is used to determine whether the temperature is too high based on the real-time drive output current, and if the temperature is too high, stop the power tube from working.
  • the signal processing sub-circuit includes a comparison sub-circuit and a signal conversion sub-circuit
  • the signal conversion sub-circuit is used to: obtain a real-time voltage based on the real-time drive output current;
  • the comparator circuit is used to determine whether the real-time voltage reaches a specified condition, and if so, output a power control signal to turn off the driving gate terminal of the power tube.
  • the signal conversion sub-circuit includes a current device and a first resistor R INT ;
  • the current device is used to generate a mirror current proportional to the real-time drive output current and input the mirror current to the first resistor R INT ;
  • the current device includes a first current device A1 and a second current device A2 whose currents are proportional; the first current device A1 is used to detect the real-time drive output current flowing through the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit; The second current device A2 is used to generate a mirror current according to a specified ratio according to the current detected by the first current device and input the mirror current to the first resistor R INT .
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC ; one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is arranged on the grid of the power tube and connected to all On the line of the drive output pin of the control chip; the other end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is grounded; the first current device A1 is connected to one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC; said second current device A2 is connected to one end of the first resistor R INT; the first resistor R INT of the other end grounded;
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC and a gate pull-down resistor R g ; the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC and the gate pull-down resistor R g are connected in series;
  • the first current device A1 is connected to one end of the gate pull-down resistor R g ; one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is connected to the other end of the gate pull-down resistor R g;
  • the other end of the sensitive resistor R NTC is grounded.
  • the circuit based on pin multiplexing is a flyback converter circuit.
  • the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: program instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium, when the program instructions are executed by a processor of a computer, the processor executes the above method .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a temperature protection method based on multiplexing of gate pins according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit based on pin multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a circuit based on pin multiplexing according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control chip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit based on pin multiplexing according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection can be used for fixing or circuit connection.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the temperature detection circuit inside the control chip can achieve temperature protection, the maximum temperature of the system does not exist in the control chip, but in the power tube; therefore, the actual effect of the temperature detection inside the control chip not good.
  • this embodiment provides a temperature protection method based on pin multiplexing (also referred to as pin position) and a circuit based on pin multiplexing.
  • the circuit based on pin multiplexing in this embodiment is a switching converter circuit, such as a flyback converter circuit (or called a flyback power adapter circuit).
  • the circuit based on pin multiplexing of this embodiment can implement the temperature protection method based on pin multiplexing of this embodiment.
  • the circuit based on pin multiplexing in this embodiment includes a power tube 1, a control chip 2, and a temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3.
  • the power tube 1 is the primary power tube of the flyback converter circuit.
  • control chip 2 has six pins, which are drive output pin OUT, pin VCC, pin CS, pin GND, pin FB, and pin VMS.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 and the gate of the power tube 1 multiplex the drive output pin OUT of the control chip 2. Specifically, one end of the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 and the gate of the power tube 1 are commonly connected to the drive output pin OUT of the control chip 2; the other end of the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 is grounded.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 is provided with at least one temperature coefficient thermistor whose resistance changes with temperature.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 is a temperature coefficient thermistor, where the temperature coefficient thermistor is a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor R NTC .
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is arranged outside the control chip 2.
  • the temperature coefficient thermistor is a positive temperature coefficient thermistor.
  • the temperature protection method based on gate pin multiplexing in this embodiment includes step A1 and step A2.
  • Step A1 Detect the real-time drive output current I gate of the drive output pin OUT through the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 and the gate of the power tube 1 multiplex the drive output pin OUT of the control chip 2.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 can detect the real-time driving output current I gate of the driving output pin OUT. Since the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 is temperature-dependent, when the temperature changes the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3, the real-time drive output current of the drive output pin OUT also changes.
  • Step A2 If it is determined that the temperature is too high based on the real-time drive output current I gate, the power tube 1 is stopped.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3, namely, the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is arranged outside the control chip 2 and close to the power tube 1.
  • the temperature change caused by the power tube 1 working for a period of time heating will affect the resistance value of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC , that is, the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 can sense the temperature change of the power tube 1.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 can sense the temperature change of the power tube 1.
  • the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC the higher the temperature, the smaller the resistance value; then, the change caused by the temperature on the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is the change in the resistance value; flowing through the negative temperature coefficient thermistor
  • the current of the resistor R NTC is I NTC . Since the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC changes with temperature, the size of the current I NTC also changes with temperature.
  • the resistance of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC becomes smaller, so the real-time drive output current I gate becomes larger, and the mirror current I INT follows the real-time drive output current I gate to become larger.
  • the resistance value of a resistor R INT does not change, and the real-time voltage V NTC also increases as the temperature increases. If the real-time voltage V NTC reaches the specified condition, for example, the real-time voltage V NTC is greater than the first threshold, where the first threshold is the reference voltage V ref , indicating that the temperature of the power tube 1 is too high, then the power supply for power tube 1 is turned off to Make the power tube 1 stop working.
  • One way to stop the power tube 1 is to output the power supply control signal OTP to turn off the driving gate terminal of the power tube 1.
  • control chip 2 includes a signal processing sub-circuit 200.
  • the signal processing sub-circuit 200 is used to determine whether the temperature is too high based on the real-time drive output current I gate , and if the temperature is too high, stop the power tube 1 from working.
  • the signal processing sub-circuit 200 includes a signal conversion sub-circuit 21 and a comparison sub-circuit 22.
  • the signal conversion sub-circuit 21 is used to obtain the real-time voltage V NTC based on the real-time driving output current I gate .
  • the comparator circuit 22 is used for judging whether the real-time voltage V NTC reaches the specified condition, and if so, outputting the power control signal OTP to turn off the driving gate terminal of the power tube 1 so as to stop the power tube 1 from working.
  • the signal conversion sub-circuit 21 includes a current device 211 and a first resistor R INT .
  • the current device 211 is used to generate a mirrored current I INT that is proportional to a specified ratio k to the real-time driving output current I gate and input it to the first resistor R INT .
  • the current device 211 includes a first current device A1 and a second current device A2.
  • the first current device A1 is a current detection circuit
  • the second current device A2 is a circuit that generates current.
  • the first current device A1 is used to detect the real-time drive output current I gate flowing through the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3.
  • the second current device is used to generate a mirrored current I INT according to a specified ratio k according to the current detected by the first current device A1 and input the mirrored current I INT to the first resistor R INT .
  • the mirror current I INT may be equal to the real-time driving output current I gate , or may be less than or greater than the real-time driving output current I gate .
  • the temperature coefficient of the temperature detection sub-circuit 3 is a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is, one end of negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is provided to the gate of power transistor 1 is connected to the driving output of the control chip 2 On the line 100 of the pin OUT, that is , one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC and the gate of the power tube 1 share the drive output pin OUT. The other end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is grounded.
  • the first current device A1 is connected to one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC to detect the real-time driving output current I gate flowing through the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC .
  • the second A2 current devices connected to one end of the first resistor R INT is provided to the first mirror current I INT resistor R INT; other end of the first resistor R INT.
  • the comparator circuit 22 is a comparator. An input terminal of the comparator circuit 22 is connected between the second current source A2 and the first resistor R INT to connect the real-time voltage V NTC and the reference voltage V ref for comparison. According to the following equations (1) and (2),
  • V NTC I NTC ⁇ k ⁇ R INT (1)
  • the power control signal OTP output by the comparator circuit 22 becomes a high signal, triggering the OTP signal, so that the power tube 1 stops working, for example, the power system, that is, the flyback converter circuit shut down.
  • the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC and a gate pull-down resistor R g .
  • the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is connected in series with the gate pull-down resistor R g ; the first current device A1 is connected to one end of the gate pull-down resistor R g ; one end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is connected to the gate pull-down resistor R The other end of g; the other end of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC is grounded.
  • the power supply for supplying power to the power tube 1 can also be turned off when the real-time voltage V NTC is less than the second threshold; for example, the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit
  • the circuit 3 includes a positive temperature coefficient thermistor, so the real-time voltage V NTC becomes smaller as the temperature rises.
  • the real-time voltage V NTC is less than a certain degree, such as a second threshold, the power supply for the power tube 1 is turned off; Or, although the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3 includes a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC , based on the specific settings of the temperature coefficient temperature detection sub-circuit 3, the real-time voltage V NTC obtained based on the real-time driving output current I gate is As the temperature rises, it becomes smaller.
  • a signal other than the voltage such as a current signal, is obtained, so as to determine whether the temperature is too high based on the signal.
  • the drive output pin OUT of the power tube 1 is multiplexed as an NTC temperature detection circuit.
  • an NTC device that is, a negative temperature coefficient thermistor R NTC
  • the drive output current of the output pin OUT flows through the NTC device.
  • the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the program can include the implementation of various methods. Example process.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: ROM or random storage RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

本发明的实施例公开一种基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路。所述方法包括：通过温度系数温度检测子电路检测所述驱动输出管脚的实时驱动输出电流；其中，所述温度系数温度检测子电路与功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚；若基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作。所述电路包括功率管、控制芯片和温度系数温度检测子电路；所述控制芯片包括信号处理子电路；所述温度系数温度检测子电路与所述功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚；所述温度系数温度检测子电路至少设有一个电阻值随温度变化而变化的且设置于所述控制芯片之外的温度系数热敏电阻。本发明的实施例可改善变换电路的温度保护可靠性。

Description

基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路 技术领域
本发明涉及电路温度保护技术领域，特别涉及一种基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路。
背景技术
在变换电路比如AC-DC变换电路中，通过控制芯片(也可称为控制器)对功率管比如MOSFET管进行控制，以实现变换。随着电子设备比如充电器的体积不断缩小，安装于其中的变换电路的体积也需要相应缩小。因此，在典型的AC-DC变换电路中，控制芯片只具有六个管脚，没有额外的管脚做温度检测。当然，也可在具有六个管脚的控制芯片上增加一个管脚，但这样会增大体积。目前的一种做法是依靠控制芯片内部的温度检测电路实现温度保护，但这样并不可靠。
以上背景技术内容的公开仅用于辅助理解本发明的发明构思及技术方案，其并不必然属于本发明的现有技术，在没有明确的证据表明上述内容在本发明的申请日之前已经公开的情况下，上述背景技术不应当用于评价本发明的新颖性和创造性。
发明内容
本发明提出一种基于管脚复用的温度保护方法及电路，可实现对变换电路的整体温度检测，可改善变换电路的温度保护可靠性。
在第一方面，本发明提供一种基于管脚复用的温度保护方法，包括：
A1、通过温度系数温度检测子电路检测所述驱动输出管脚的实时驱动输出电流；其中，所述温度系数温度检测子电路与功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚，所述实时驱动输出电流随温度对所述温度系数温度检测子电路造成的变化而变化；
A2、若基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作；
所述温度系数温度检测子电路至少设有一个电阻值随温度变化而变化的温度系数热敏电阻；所述温度系数热敏电阻设置于所述控制芯片之外。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述A2具体包括：基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压；若所述实时电压达到指定条件，则使所述功率管停止工作。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压具体为：产生与所述实时驱动输出电流成指定比例的镜像电流，根据所述镜像电流得到实时电压。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述实时电压达到指定条件具体包括：
所述实时电压大于第一阈值；
或者，所述实时电压小于第二阈值。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述温度系数热敏电阻为负温度系数热敏电阻；所述A2具体包括：基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述使所述功率管停止工作具体为：输出电源控制信号以关闭所述功率管的驱动栅极端。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述温度系数温度检测子电路为负温度系数热敏电阻；所述负温度系数热敏电阻的一端设置于所述功率管的栅极连接至所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚的线路上；所述负温度系数热敏电阻的另一端接地；
或者，所述温度系数温度检测子电路包括负温度系数热敏电阻和栅极下拉电阻；所述负温度系数热敏电阻与所述栅极下拉电阻串联。
在第二方面，本发明提供一种基于管脚复用的电路，包括功率管、控制芯片和温度系数温度检测子电路；所述控制芯片包括信号处理子电路；
所述控制芯片设有驱动输出管脚；
所述温度系数温度检测子电路与所述功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚，以检测所述控制芯片的实时驱动输出电流；
所述温度系数温度检测子电路至少设有一个电阻指随温度变化而变化的温度系数热敏电阻；所述温度系数热敏电阻设置于所述控制芯片之外；其中，所述实时驱动输出电流随温度对所述温度系数温度检测子电路造成的变化而变化；
所述信号处理子电路用于：基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度是否过高，若温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述信号处理子电路包括比较子电路和信号转换子电路；
所述信号转换子电路用于：基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压；
所述比较子电路用于：判断所述实时电压是否达到指定条件，若是，则输出电源控制信号以关闭所述功率管的驱动栅极端。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述信号转换子电路包括电流器件和第一电阻R INT；
所述电流器件用于：产生与所述实时驱动输出电流成指定比例的镜像电流并将所述镜像电流输入至所述第一电阻R INT；
所述电流器件包括电流成比例的第一电流器件A1和第二电流器件A2；所述第一电流器件A1用于检测流过所述温度系数温度检测子电路的所述实时驱动输出电流；所述第二电流器件A2用于根据所述第一电流器件检测到的电流按指定比例产生镜像电流并将所述镜像电流输入至所述第一电阻R INT。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述温度系数温度检测子电路为负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端设置于所述功率管的栅极连接至所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚的线路上；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地；所述第一电流器件A1连接至所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端；所述第二电流器件A2连接至所述第一电阻R INT的一端；所述第一电阻R INT的另一端接地；
或者，所述温度系数温度检测子电路包括负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC和栅极下拉电阻R g；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC与所述栅极下拉电阻R g串联；所述第一电流器件A1连接至所述栅极下拉电阻R g的一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端连接至所述栅极下拉电阻R g的另一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地。
在一些优选的实施方式中，所述基于管脚复用的电路为反激式变换器电路。
在第三方面，本发明提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，所述程序指令被计算机的处理器执行时使所述处理器执行上述方法。
与现有技术相比，本发明的实施例的有益效果包括：
利用功率管的驱动输出管脚复用做温度系数温度检测子电路，通过检测控制芯片的实时驱动输出电流即可实现精准的温度检测并对电路加以保护，可实现对电路的整体温度检测，可改善温度保护的可靠性。
附图说明
图1为本发明一个实施例的基于栅极管脚复用的温度保护方法的流程 示意图；
图2为本发明一个实施例的基于管脚复用的电路的结构示意图；
图3为本发明一个实施例的基于管脚复用的电路的一个波形图；
图4为本发明一个实施例的控制芯片的结构示意图；
图5为本发明另一个实施例的基于管脚复用的电路的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的实施例所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚明白，以下结合图1至图5及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者间接在该另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或间接连接至该另一个元件上。另外，连接即可以是用于固定作用也可以是用于电路连通作用。
需要理解的是，术语“长度”、“宽度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多该特征。在本发明实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
对于变换器电路，虽然依靠控制芯片内部的温度检测电路可以实现温度保护，但是系统的最高温度并不存在于控制芯片内，而是存在于功率管；因此，控制芯片内部的温度检测的实际效果并不好。
为此，本实施例提供一种基于管脚(也可称为脚位)复用的温度保护方法，以及提供一种基于管脚复用的电路。其中，本实施例的基于管脚复用的电路为开关变换器电路，比如反激式变换器电路(或者称为反激式电 源适配器电路)。
本实施例的基于管脚复用的电路可实现本实施例的基于管脚复用的温度保护方法。
参考图2，本实施例的基于管脚复用的电路包括功率管1、控制芯片2和温度系数温度检测子电路3。其中，功率管1是反激式变换器电路的初级的功率管。
参考图2，控制芯片2设有六个管脚，分别为驱动输出管脚OUT、管脚VCC、管脚CS、管脚GND、管脚FB和管脚VMS。
温度系数温度检测子电路3与功率管1的栅极复用控制芯片2的驱动输出管脚OUT。具体而言，温度系数温度检测子电路3的一端与功率管1的栅极共同连接至控制芯片2的驱动输出管脚OUT；温度系数温度检测子电路3的另一端接地。
温度系数温度检测子电路3至少设有一个电阻随温度变化而变化的温度系数热敏电阻。在本实施例中，温度系数温度检测子电路3为一个温度系数热敏电阻，其中，温度系数热敏电阻为负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coefficient，简称NTC)热敏电阻R NTC。负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC设置于控制芯片2之外。在其它实施例中，温度系数热敏电阻为正温度系数热敏电阻。
参考图1，本实施例的基于栅极管脚复用的温度保护方法包括步骤A1和步骤A2。
步骤A1、通过温度系数温度检测子电路3检测驱动输出管脚OUT的实时驱动输出电流I gate。
如前所述，温度系数温度检测子电路3与功率管1的栅极复用控制芯片2的驱动输出管脚OUT。
参考图3，当功率管1的栅极电压V gate升到平稳状态时，驱动输出管脚OUT的输出电流均流过温度系数温度检测子电路3，也即流过负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC。如此，温度系数温度检测子电路3可检测驱动输出管脚OUT的实时驱动输出电流I gate。由于温度系数温度检测子电路3是与温度相关的，当温度对温度系数温度检测子电路3造成变化时，驱动输出管脚OUT的实时驱动输出电流也发生变化。
步骤A2、若基于实时驱动输出电流I gate判断出温度过高，则使功率管1停止工作。
温度系数温度检测子电路3也即负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC设置于控制芯片2的外面，且靠近功率管1。当功率管1工作一段时间发热后造成的温度变化会影响负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的电阻值，也即温度系数温度检测子电路3能感知功率管1的温度变化。对于负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC而言，温度越高，电阻值就越小；那么，温度对负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC造成的变化就是电阻值的变化；流过负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的电流为I NTC。由于负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的电阻大小是随温度变化的，因此电流I NTC的大小也随温度变化而变化。
基于实时驱动输出电流I gate，可得到一个相应的实时电压V NTC，也就是将实时驱动输出电流I gate转换为实时电压V NTC；示例的，通过第一电阻R INT将实时驱动输出电流I gate转换为实时电压V NTC；其中，第一电阻R INT的电阻值是恒定不变的或者说在误差允许的范围内是恒定不变的；具体的，产生与实时驱动输出电流I gate成指定比例的镜像电流I INT，根据镜像电流I INT得到实时电压V NTC，比如使得镜像电流I INT流过第一电阻R INT便可得到实时电压V NTC，其中，V NTC＝I INT R INT。由于功率管1的温度升高会导致负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的电阻变小，那么实时驱动输出电流I gate就变大，镜像电流I INT跟随实时驱动输出电流I gate变大，由于第一电阻R INT的电阻值不变，实时电压V NTC也就随着温度的升高而变大。若实时电压V NTC达到指定条件，比如实时电压V NTC大于第一阈值，其中第一阈值为参考电压V ref，表明功率管1的温度过高,则关闭用于为功率管1供电的电源以使功率管1停止工作。
使功率管1停止工作的一种方式为：输出电源控制信号OTP以关闭功率管1的驱动栅极端。
参考图4，对于本实施例的基于管脚复用的电路，控制芯片2包括信号处理子电路200。
信号处理子电路200用于：基于实时驱动输出电流I gate判断出温度是否过高，若温度过高，则使功率管1停止工作。
信号处理子电路200包括信号转换子电路21和比较子电路22。
信号转换子电路21用于：基于实时驱动输出电流I gate得到实时电压V NTC。
比较子电路22用于：判断实时电压V NTC是否达到指定条件，若是，则输出电源控制信号OTP以关闭功率管1的驱动栅极端，从而使功率管1停止工作。
信号转换子电路21包括电流器件211和第一电阻R INT。
电流器件211用于：产生与实时驱动输出电流I gate成指定比例k的镜像电流I INT并输入至第一电阻R INT。其中，k＝I INT/I gate＝I INT/I NTC。
电流器件211包括第一电流器件A1和第二电流器件A2。其中，第一电流器件A1为电流检测电路，第二电流器件A2为产生电流的电路。第一电流器件A1用于检测流过温度系数温度检测子电路3的实时驱动输出电流I gate。第二电流器件用于根据第一电流器件A1检测到的电流按指定比例k产生镜像电流I INT并将该镜像电流I INT输入至第一电阻R INT。其中，镜像电流I INT可以等于实时驱动输出电流I gate，也可以是小于或大于实时驱动输出电流I gate。
参考图4，对于温度系数温度检测子电路3为负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的情况，负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端设置于功率管1的栅极连接至控制芯片2的驱动输出管脚OUT的线路100上，也即负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端与功率管1的栅极共用驱动输出管脚OUT。负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地。第一电流器件A1连接至负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端，以检测流过负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的实时驱动输出电流I gate。第二电流器件A2连接至第一电阻R INT的一端，向第一电阻R INT提供镜像电流I INT；第一电阻R INT的另一端接地。
比较子电路22为比较器。比较子电路22的一个输入端连接在第二电流源A2和第一电阻R INT之间，以接入实时电压V NTC与参考电压V ref进行比较。根据以下(1)式和(2)式，
V NTC＝I NTC×k×R INT      (1)
k＝I INT/I gate＝I INT/I NTC       (2)
如果实时电压V NTC大于参考电压V ref,比较子电路22输出的电源控制信号OTP则变为高信号，触发OTP信号，使得功率管1停止工作，比如使得电源系统也即反激式变换器电路关闭。
参考图5，在其它实施例中，温度系数温度检测子电路3包括负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC和栅极下拉电阻R g。负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC与栅极下拉电阻R g串联；第一电流器件A1连接至栅极下拉电阻R g的一端；负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端连接至栅极下拉电阻R g的另一端；负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地。
在其它实施例中，基于温度系数温度检测子电路3的具体电路结构， 也可在实时电压V NTC小于第二阈值时关闭用于为功率管1供电的电源；示例的，温度系数温度检测子电路3包括一个正温度系数热敏电阻，那么实时电压V NTC也就随着温度的升高而变小，当实时电压V NTC小于一定程度比如第二阈值时关闭为功率管1供电的电源；又或者，虽然温度系数温度检测子电路3包括一个负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC，但基于温度系数温度检测子电路3的具体设置，基于实时驱动输出电流I gate得到的实时电压V NTC是随着温度的升高而变小。
在其它实施例中，基于实时驱动输出电流I gate，得到除电压之外的信号比如电流信号，从而基于该信号判断出温度是否过高。
本实施例利用功率管1的驱动输出管脚OUT复用做NTC温度检测电路。通过在功率管1的驱动输出管脚OUT增加NTC器件(也即负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC)，并对驱动输出电流进行检测；当功率管1的栅极电压升到平稳状态时，驱动输出管脚OUT的输出电流均流过NTC器件，通过检测驱动输出管脚OUT的输出电流I gate即可实现精准的温度检测并对电源系统加以保护，可实现对电源系统的整体温度检测，可改善电源设计的温度保护可靠性。
本领域的技术人员可以理解实施例方法中的全部或部分流程可以由计算机程序来命令相关的硬件完成，程序可存储于计算机可读取存储介质中，程序在执行时，可包括如各方法实施例的流程。而前述的存储介质包括：ROM或随机存储记忆体RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可存储程序代码的介质。
以上内容是结合具体/优选的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，其还可以对这些已描述的实施方式做出若干替代或变型，而这些替代或变型方式都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于管脚复用的温度保护方法，其特征在于，包括：
    A1、通过温度系数温度检测子电路检测控制芯片的驱动输出管脚的实时驱动输出电流；其中，所述温度系数温度检测子电路与功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚；
    A2、若基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作；
    所述温度系数温度检测子电路至少设有一个电阻值随温度变化而变化的温度系数热敏电阻；所述温度系数热敏电阻设置于所述控制芯片之外。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述温度保护方法，其特征在于，所述A2具体包括：基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压；若所述实时电压达到指定条件，则使所述功率管停止工作。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述温度保护方法，其特征在于，所述基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压具体为：产生与所述实时驱动输出电流成指定比例的镜像电流，根据所述镜像电流得到实时电压。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述温度保护方法，其特征在于，所述实时电压达到指定条件具体包括：
    所述实时电压大于第一阈值；
    或者，所述实时电压小于第二阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述温度保护方法，其特征在于：
    所述使所述功率管停止工作具体为：输出电源控制信号以关闭所述功率管的驱动栅极端；
    所述温度系数热敏电阻为负温度系数热敏电阻；
    所述A2具体包括：
    基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作。
  6. 一种基于管脚复用的电路，其特征在于，包括功率管、控制芯片和温度系数温度检测子电路；所述控制芯片包括信号处理子电路；
    所述控制芯片设有驱动输出管脚；
    所述温度系数温度检测子电路与所述功率管的栅极复用所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚，以检测所述控制芯片的实时驱动输出电流；
    所述温度系数温度检测子电路至少设有一个电阻指随温度变化而变化的温度系数热敏电阻；所述温度系数热敏电阻设置于所述控制芯片之外；
    所述信号处理子电路用于：基于所述实时驱动输出电流判断出温度是否过高，若温度过高，则使所述功率管停止工作。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述基于管脚复用的电路，其特征在于，所述信号处理子电路包括比较子电路和信号转换子电路；
    所述信号转换子电路用于：基于所述实时驱动输出电流得到实时电压；
    所述比较子电路用于：判断所述实时电压是否达到指定条件，若是，则输出电源控制信号以关闭所述功率管的驱动栅极端；
    所述基于管脚复用的电路为反激式变换器电路。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述基于管脚复用的电路，其特征在于，所述信号转换子电路包括电流器件和第一电阻R INT；
    所述电流器件用于：产生与所述实时驱动输出电流成指定比例的镜像电流并将所述镜像电流输入至所述第一电阻R INT；
    所述电流器件包括电流成比例的第一电流器件A1和第二电流器件A2；所述第一电流器件A1用于检测流过所述温度系数温度检测子电路的所述实时驱动输出电流；所述第二电流器件A2用于根据所述第一电流器件检测到的电流按指定比例产生镜像电流并将所述镜像电流输入至所述第一电阻R INT。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述基于管脚复用的电路，其特征在于，
    所述温度系数温度检测子电路为负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端设置于所述功率管的栅极连接至所述控制芯片的驱动输出管脚的线路上；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地；所述第一电流器件A1连接至所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端；所述第二电流器件A2连接至所述第一电阻R INT的一端；所述第一电阻R INT的另一端接地；
    或者，所述温度系数温度检测子电路包括负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC和栅极下拉电阻R g；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC与所述栅极下拉电阻R g串联；所述第一电流器件A1连接至所述栅极下拉电阻R g的一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的一端连接至所述栅极下拉电阻R g的另一端；所述负温度系数热敏电阻R NTC的另一端接地。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括：所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有程序指令，所述程序指令被计算机的处理器执行时使所 述处理器执行根据权利要求1至5任一项所述方法。
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