WO2021069110A1

WO2021069110A1 - Energy exchanging device for exchanging electric energy between two mobile energy storage systems

Info

Publication number: WO2021069110A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/067291
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sebastian UTZ
Original assignee: Innofas Gmbh
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2020-06-22
Publication date: 2021-04-15
Also published as: EP3953205A1; DE102019127136A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an energy exchanging device (1) which is designed to transmit electric energy between two mobile energy storage systems (E1, E2) in vehicles (F1, F2), comprising an electric connection line (10), the ends (10a, 10b) of which are connected to a respective electric vehicle connector (20) in order to produce an electric connection to a respective charging socket (L1, L2) on one of the respective vehicles (F1, F2), and a controller (30) which is installed preferably between the two vehicle connectors (20) and which is designed to control an electric energy transmission process between the energy storage systems (E1, E2). The energy exchanging device also comprises an energy detection module which detects electric energy ΔΕ being transmitted between the energy storage systems (E1, E2) and generates data therefrom in order to be able to display same on an integrated or external display device (A).

Description

Device for exchanging electrical energy between two mobile devices

Energy storage systems

Description:

The invention relates to an energy exchange device for electrical energy between two mobile energy storage systems in vehicles.

In many electric vehicles, including plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, a vehicle battery is usually charged from a mains power source such as a public or private network access, which receives electricity and thus electrically storable energy from an electrical network. catches. For charging, a charging cable is used to connect the mains power source to the vehicle battery. After the electrical connection has been established, the vehicle charging system begins charging the vehicle battery until the battery is charged to a certain desired state of charge. In order to reduce costs, for example, a user can wait until the network tariffs are at a desired level before coupling a vehicle, e.g. B. at a night electricity tariff during the night. With such a charging topology, however, it is always necessary that a combination of a network connection with a sufficiently high network capacity is available for the vehicle.

In the prior art, however, there are currently no useful and efficient solutions, such as on the one hand without a connection to a permanently installed d. H. immobile connection with a sufficient charge voltage level, a vehicle battery can be charged. Further problems in the prior art are also so far unsolved, such as, for. B. the problem that you can not transfer energy from an existing energy storage device with the conventional charging cables attached to the vehicles, which are to be connected to a wall box or charging station, because the technical prerequisites There are no settlements. Even the charging management would not allow a charging process.

A current problem with electromobility that has been unsatisfactorily resolved is that charging stations are not available everywhere, and certainly not at the desired parking positions. Another disadvantage is the fact that as the owner or user of an e-

Vehicle is dependent on having to pay the electricity tariffs offered at the time of the charging process if a charging process is required. On the other hand, there may be other electric vehicles in the immediate vicinity at places without a charging station, which have an energy surplus at this point in time and which could provide the excess energy more cheaply than at a nearby charging station. A constellation is also conceivable in which one vehicle has a loading level of z. B. 85% and the second vehicle has a state of charge of 55%, the first vehicle wants to cover a long distance and therefore a state of charge of 100% would be desirable, while the other vehicle for a short time with a charge level of z. B. 40% would get by.

If one now looks at the large number of electric vehicles available that could mutually exchange electrical energy, there is no technical facility for transmitting electrical energy between mobile energy storage devices in vehicles depending on the different charging constellations. In particular, no technical devices are available that cover the following constellations: a) Transferring the electrical energy from a first mobile energy store of a first vehicle with a higher voltage or charge level to a second mobile energy store of a second

Vehicle with a lower voltage or charge level; b) transferring the electrical energy from a first mobile energy store of a first vehicle with a lower voltage or charge level to a second mobile energy store of a second vehicle with a higher voltage or charge level; c) Transferring the electrical energy from a first mobile energy store of a first vehicle to a second mobile energy store of a second vehicle in which during the energy transfer the level changes from a higher to a lower level and vice versa (e.g. initially the 1st vehicle 60% charge level and the 2nd vehicle 40% charge level, the end state being exactly the opposite, so that when the 50 % to 50% constellation results in the situation that the vehicle with the higher charge or voltage level is to be further charged by a vehicle with a lower charge or voltage level. This situation never arises with a charging station because the mains voltage is always sufficiently high Charging capacity and charging voltage is available d) Acquisition and billing of the electrical energy transmitted between the participating vehicles at variable, in particular unilaterally determinable electricity tariffs. A vehicle with a high charging capacity can act as an electricity provider and offer electricity to other vehicle users on the move at its own electricity tariffs. There is currently no solution available in the prior art to achieve the aforementioned goals. The invention is therefore based on the task of overcoming the aforementioned disadvantages in the prior art and proposing an energy exchange device with which electrical energy can be transferred between two mobile energy storage systems in vehicles on a billing basis.

This object is achieved by the combination of features according to claim 1.

According to the invention, an energy exchange device is provided for this purpose, which is designed to transmit electrical energy between two mobile energy storage systems (e.g. vehicle batteries for driving electric motors) in vehicles, comprising an electrical connection line with an electrical vehicle connector at each end is attached to an electrical connection with a respective charging socket on one of the respective ligen vehicles, as well as a control device which is preferably installed in terms of circuitry between the two vehicle connectors and is designed to control an electrical energy transfer process between the energy storage systems. According to the invention, the energy exchange device is also formed with an energy acquisition module that records the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems and its direction of transmission and generates data therefrom in order to be able to display them on an integrated or external display device. In an advantageous embodiment, the energy exchange device is designed as a bi-directional energy transmission device, which can thus optionally transmit electrical energy from one vehicle to the other or vice versa, regardless of which vehicle connector is plugged into which vehicle. In a further advantageous embodiment, a system consisting of an energy exchange device and adapter plug for connecting the vehicle connector of the energy exchange device to the vehicle is carried out. In this way, one energy exchange device can also be used to energetically couple vehicles with different dividers and designs for energy exchange.

It is particularly advantageous if the energy exchange device is designed in one piece and is therefore ready for use. This saves the user tedious connection and cabling work. In addition, the complete control technology is integrated in a cable set to form the energy exchange device.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that with the energy exchange device also electrical energy from vehicles with a lower charge level to vehicles with a higher higher loading level can be transferred. For this purpose, the control advantageously has at least one electronic voltage converter or a DC / DC converter in order to appropriately raise or lower the respective voltage level on the input side or on the removal side. The provision of a DC voltage intermediate circuit for buffering the electrical energy via an intermediate circuit capacitor is also advantageous. In addition, a further voltage converter can be provided after the DC voltage intermediate circuit, the voltage converter arranged on the input side being provided primarily for voltage conversion. Also advantageously, a detection module, preferably integrated in the control device, is provided, which is designed to detect electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems and control the energy transfer process between the energy storage systems as a function of this. The link with a wired or wirelessly connected communication module, which will be discussed in more detail later, which can communicate with the connected units via one or more communication lines or by power line communication, is also advantageous. In order to optimally control the energy transfer and the charging or discharging process, the detectable electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems that are detected by the detection module include at least the voltage level and / or the charge level and / or the available level electrical energy in the respective energy storage.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention it is provided that a current detection module, preferably an electricity meter, is also provided in order to transfer the energy from one energy storage system to the other re energy storage system to quantitatively record flowing or transmitted electricity or the transmitted electrical power in kW.

A user interface is also advantageous in order to enter technical parameters for the transmission, such as B. the maximum power to be transmitted in kW.

It is further advantageously provided that an evaluation device is provided which, from the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems, a value, in particular an economically measurable value z. B. determined in a selectable currency in order to be able to display it on an integrated or external display device. In this way, after the transfer process of a certain electrical power in kW, users can be shown which value is behind it (e.g. 10 kW transferred for 2 EUR).

As already explained above, a communication interface is advantageously provided which is communicatively coupled to the control device in order to set preset, changeable and / or selectable system parameters (insofar as they are relevant for the transmission of electrical energy and its evaluation) that are used by the control device the transmission and / or detection of the transmitted electrical energy can be used to control the transmission process, input or change by a user. For example, a scalable system is proposed in which adjustments or a selection can be made between the users on site via the user interface that influence the charging process accordingly via the controller. The parameters include at least one of the following variables: the maximum amount of energy to be transmitted and / or the electricity tariff per kW and / or the minimal residual charge level / voltage level of the energy store from which the electrical energy is transmitted and / or the maximum permissible Electricity.

Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the control device comprises a processor which determines a charging scheme based on the recorded electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems and the energy is transferred according to this charging scheme after approval by the user. Optionally, on the basis of the parameters entered or stored by a user via the user interface for the control, the charging scheme can be determined accordingly by the processor.

Another aspect of the present invention relates to the energy exchange device and the method for transferring electrical energy from a first mobile energy storage system in a first electrically operated vehicle to a second mobile energy storage system in a second electrically operated vehicle by means of an energy exchange device as described above with the the following steps: a. Connect the vehicle connector with a charging socket on each of the two vehicles; b. Starting a transmission of electrical energy by means of the control device; c. Detecting the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems; d. Generating data as an equivalent to the transmitted electrical energy DE in order to display it on the integrated or external display device. In a likewise advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the start of the transmission of electrical energy in step b) takes place after a user query and approval by a user, preferably via a user or communication interface.

Other advantageous developments of the invention are characterized in the dependent claims or are shown in more detail below together with the description of the preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of an energy exchange device and FIG

2 shows a control device.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 using an exemplary embodiment. In FIG. 1, two vehicles F1, F2 are shown by way of example. The Fahrzeu ge F1, F2 each have a charging socket L1, L2, which are verbun with a line with an energy storage system E1, E2 permanently installed in the vehicle. The charging sockets are advantageously those charging sockets at which the respective energy storage system E1, E2 is connected to a conventional charging station connected to a network.

An energy exchange device 1 is provided between the two charging sockets L1, L2. The energy exchange device 1 consists of a cable set 10 made of lines, at the ends 10a, 10b of which an electrical vehicle connector 20 is attached, which is plugged into the respective charging socket L1, L2 in order to establish an electrical connection between the energy storage system E1, E2 of the vehicles F1 To establish F2. The energy exchange device 1 further comprises a control device 30 which is attached between the two vehicle connectors 20 and which is designed (as shown in FIG. 2) to control an electrical energy transfer process between the energy storage systems E1, E2. The control device 30 includes a DC-DC converter 31, an intermediate circuit 32 with an intermediate circuit capacitor 33, a further DC / DC converter 34, a detection module 40, the current detection module 50, the evaluation device 60 and a communication interface 71 such as a communication module 70. The current detection module 50 is designed to detect the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems E1, E2 in order to generate data therefrom which can be displayed on an integrated or external display device A. The display device A can also be a smartphone, which can communicate with the control device 30 via an APP or the communication interface 71.

The acquisition module 40, on the other hand, is designed to acquire electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems E1, E2 and to provide this data to the controller in order to control the energy transfer process between the energy storage systems E1, E2 as a function of this.

The evaluation device 60 is designed to determine a value, preferably a monetary value, in a selectable currency from the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems E1, E2 in order to be able to display this on an integrated or external display device A. A microprocessor provided in the control can be used for this purpose. The microprocessor can also be used to determine an optimal charging scheme based on detected system parameters. men in order to achieve a correspondingly optimized charging process. So z. B. the charging scheme can be tailored to a maximum charging current depending on the current environmental parameters and the current line temperature. It is particularly advantageous if the control dynamically changes the charging scheme or the current charging profile and, if necessary, continuously adapts the charging process. If, for example, the temperature rises excessively high during transmission, the control can automatically adjust the current and / or, if necessary, the charging voltage via the DC / DC voltage converter using a query algorithm, so that the electrical power transmitted per unit of time is reduced . This adaptation can be repeated iteratively until the optimal charging scheme has been determined. An adjustment can also be necessary, in particular, if an energy storage device comes closer and closer to the final discharge voltage during discharge, which is defined as the voltage below which no more energy that can be used for the respective application can be drawn. In the case of accumulators, it is the limit value of the voltage on the cells for deep discharge. If the cut-off voltage for the discharge controller of the energy exchange device 1 is above the discharge end voltage of the accumulator, the accumulator is not completely discharged and the capacity cannot be fully used. On the other hand, the voltage drops beforehand and may have to be adjusted accordingly via the DC / DC converter so that energy transfer is still possible.

The communication interface 71, which is communicatively coupled to the control device 30, is provided to read preset, changeable and / or selectable parameters used by the control device in the transmission and / or detection of the transmitted electrical energy to control the transmission process can be entered or changed by a user. For this purpose, the aforementioned communication module 70 is provided, which advantageously has a Smartphone can communicate via a specific APP.

The embodiment of the invention is not restricted to the preferred exemplary embodiments specified above. Rather, a number of variants are conceivable which make use of the solution shown even in the case of fundamentally different designs.

It can thus be provided that the voltage converter or converters are also arranged inside the vehicle, since, according to the concept of the invention, they are not necessarily locally in the box. The control device 30 therefore does not necessarily include the DC-DC converters 31, 34 and the intermediate circuit 32 locally, but can control the converters in the vehicle in a more cost-effective variant. The converters already present in the vehicle are thus part of the concept of the energy exchange device or a corresponding box that contains all the other components. If one assumes that a vehicle will provide an interface (at best a standardized interface) in the future, this can be used and operated in order to adapt the voltage to the intermediate circuit voltage of the energy exchange box.

This results in a further variant, namely when using the concept that the vehicle or a vehicle provides the DC-DC converter, an intermediate circuit is no longer absolutely necessary. The energy exchange box or the cable set is then designed as a power connector and a communication module which regulates the charging power etc. from one vehicle to the other, so that the energy exchange device can be produced very cheaply. It is also conceivable that the power connection does not necessarily have to be HV

Means> 60V in the sense of an automotive application. A power connection based on eg 48V is also conceivable. For this purpose, the DC-DC converters are usually already available in the vehicle. This creates a wide Lower costs are possible, as the HV part can be omitted.

In addition, an internet module with remote access can be provided.

The charging scheme can also be evaluated and set by the energy store, if available. It can happen that the energy store in the vehicle should or must make its own specifications for discharging and charging. A solution with an intermediate circuit is assumed. The converter (s) can also be arranged in the vehicle or, alternatively, in the energy exchange device. With such a structure, more than two vehicles can be linked together. Each connection to the energy exchange device or box requires a DC-DC converter in the same or in the vehicle. This z. B. two vehicles can also load a third vehicle.

_{* * * * ** * * * *}

Claims

1. Energy exchange device (1) designed to transmit electrical energy between two fixed or mobile energy storage systems (E1, E2) in vehicles (F1, F2), comprising an electrical connection line (10), at the ends (10a, 10b) of each one electrical vehicle connector (20) is attached to produce an electrical connec tion with a respective charging socket (L1, L2) on one of the respective vehicles (F1, F2), and a control device (30) preferably attached between the two vehicle connectors (20) , which is designed to control an electrical energy transmission process between the energy storage systems (E1, E2) and is also designed with an energy acquisition module that acquires the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems (E1, E2) and generates data therefrom in order to identify them to be able to represent on an integrated or external display device (A).

2. Energy exchange device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy exchange device (1) is designed in one piece and ready for use.

3. Energy exchange device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a detection module (40), preferably in the control device (30) is also provided, which is designed to measure electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems (E1 , E2) and, depending on this, control the energy transfer process between the energy storage systems (E1, E2).

4. Energy exchange device (1) according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that to the detectable electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems (E1, E2) include at least the voltage level and / or the charge level and / or the available electrical energy in the respective energy storage.

5. Energy exchange device (1) according to one of the preceding

Claims, characterized in that a Stromerfas sungsmodul (50), in particular an electricity meter is provided to quantitatively record the current flowing from one energy storage system (E1, E2) to the other energy storage system (E1, E2)

6. Energy exchange device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an evaluation device (60) is also provided, which from the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems (E1, E2) a value, in particular a value in a selectable currency is determined in order to be able to display it on an integrated or external display device.

7. Energy exchange device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a communication interface (71) is also provided, which communicatively via a

Communication module (70) is coupled to the control device (30) ge to preset, changeable and / or selectable parameters that are used by the control device during the transmission and / or detection of the transmitted electrical energy to control the transmission process by a user enter or change.

8. Energy exchange device (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the parameters are at least one of the following Sizes include: the maximum amount of energy to be transmitted and / or the electricity tariff and / or the minimum residual charge level / voltage level of the energy store from which the electrical energy is transmitted and / or the maximum permissible current.

9. Energy exchange device (1) according to one of the preceding

Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the control device comprises a processor which determines a charging scheme on the basis of the detected electrical and / or physical properties of the connected energy storage systems (E1, E2) and the energy transfer according to this charging scheme after a release the user takes place.

10. A method for transmitting electrical energy from a first mobile energy storage system (E1) in a first vehicle (F1) to a second mobile energy storage system (E2) in a second vehicle (F2) by means of an energy exchange device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, with the following steps: a. Connecting the vehicle connector (20) to one charging socket (L1, L2) each on one of the two vehicles (F 1, F2); b. Starting a transmission of electrical energy by means of the control device (30); c. Detecting the electrical energy DE transmitted between the energy storage systems (E1, E2); d. Generating data as an equivalent to the transmitted electrical energy DE in order to display it on the integrated or external display device. Experienced according to claim 10, wherein the start of the transmission of electrical energy in step b) takes place after a user query and approval by the user, preferably via a user or communication interface.