DE102016106840A1 - Energy transmission device, energy transmission system, electric vehicle charging station and electric vehicle charging method - Google Patents

Abstract

A power transmission device (1) having a power receiving connection (2, 25) for coupling to a donor electric vehicle (20) and a power delivery connection (3) for coupling to a receiver electric vehicle (30), characterized in that the energy transfer device (1 ) is adapted, when coupled to a donor electric vehicle (20) and a receiver electric vehicle (30), to transmit electrical energy provided by the donor electric vehicle (20) to the receiver electric vehicle (30), the energy receiving terminal (30) 2) is designed for direct coupling to a charging cable (6) provided for coupling the donor electric vehicle (20) to an electric vehicle charging station and / or the energy delivery port (3) for direct coupling with one for a coupling of the receiver electric vehicle ( 30) is provided with an electric vehicle charging station provided charging cable (9). Based on the power transmission device (1), a power transmission system, a charging station, and a method for charging an electric vehicle are also presented.

Description

The present invention relates to a power transmission device, a power transmission system, an electric vehicle charging station and a method for charging an electric vehicle.

State of the art

Today, electric vehicles are receiving much positive attention, and an increase in the stock of electric vehicles is widely advocated, particularly from an environmental point of view, such as the finite supply of fossil fuels, local zero emissions and virtually noiseless operation. Electric vehicles are powered by one or more electric motors, which are powered by a built-in electric vehicle drive battery, also called a traction battery, and / or by an auxiliary combustion engine, also called Range Extender, driven generator with electrical energy. The biggest problems of acceptance of today's electric vehicles in the population are the limited range due to the low charge capacity of the drive battery, the long period of time for the stationary charging of the drive battery and the low prevalence of public electric vehicle charging stations. Of particular importance for the lack of acceptance of today's electric vehicles is the concern or fear of a potential driver to be unable to drive to the nearest electric vehicle charging station due to a too drained drive battery with the electric vehicle. Unlike conventional motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine, in the case of an empty energy storage device without an electric vehicle charging station nearby, an electric vehicle can not provide rapid assistance. Professional breakdown helpers tow due to an empty propulsion battery lying down electric vehicles usually to the next available, usually public electric vehicle charging station. Some electric vehicle manufacturers maintain a vehicle fleet of assistance vehicles that can charge a left electric vehicle in place with electrical energy from an auxiliary battery carried in the support vehicle or from a generator. Neither the towing solution nor assistance from a support vehicle can satisfactorily eliminate the fear of being left with the electric vehicle, and especially the resulting inconvenience.

Disclosure of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a more flexible and simpler technical solution for charging an electric vehicle than the prior art.

The object of the invention is achieved by a power transmission device having the features of patent claim 1. The object of the invention is also achieved by a power transmission system according to claim 14. In addition, the object of the invention is achieved by a charging station with the features of claim 15. Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by a charging method according to claim 16. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the additional features of the dependent claims. The invention includes all possible combinations of the listed features.

The starting point for the invention is a consideration of today's usual charging of an electric vehicle at an erected in the public infrastructure space electric vehicle charging station. Such an electric vehicle charging station has a standardized charging socket, also called infrastructure charging socket, which is designed for plugging or coupling a charging cable, more precisely its infrastructure-side end. The other end of the charging cable, also called the vehicle-side end, is coupled or plugged into a vehicle-mounted charging socket installed on the electric vehicle. The charging cable for the electric vehicle charging stations installed in the public infrastructure room is carried in the respective electric vehicle. To charge the drive battery, the charging cable is removed from the electric vehicle and coupled to the vehicle-side charging socket of the electric vehicle and the infrastructure-side charging socket of the electric vehicle charging station to enable energy transfer from the electric vehicle charging station to the traction battery of the electric vehicle.

Another starting point for the invention is the trend towards decentralized storage or buffering of regeneratively generated electrical energy. The traction batteries of parked and grid-connected electric vehicles can be charged at a surplus of regeneratively generated electrical energy with this energy and can deliver electrical energy to the grid when there is a lack of regeneratively generated electrical energy or peak load in the grid. In order to implement this usage scenario, such electric vehicles must be configured for bidirectional power transmission: the electric energy must be able to be transmitted to the drive battery of the electric vehicle in a first operating mode as in the usual charging of an electric vehicle and must be in another second operating mode of the Traction battery can be delivered to the mains. The respective operating mode can be configured by means of a data protocol corresponding to a given protocol, for example via a PLC (PowerLine Communication) technology via the electrical connection between the power grid and the electric vehicle, from a power supply control unit to a charging / discharging control unit of the electric vehicle.

The invention now proposes a device and a method which are based on the technical solution approach, in an electric vehicle capable of bidirectional energy transmission, as donor electric vehicle, stored or generated energy by means of a new and here presented energy transfer device to an electric vehicle to be charged, as a receiver Electric vehicle, transfer.

According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a power transmission device having a power receiving connector for coupling with a donor electric vehicle and a power delivery connector for coupling to a receiver electric vehicle. The energy transfer device is configured, when coupled to a donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle, to transmit electrical power provided by the donor electric vehicle to the receiver electric vehicle, the energy receiving port being for direct coupling with one for coupling the donor electric vehicle is formed with an electric vehicle charging station provided charging cable and / or the energy delivery port is designed for direct coupling with a provided for coupling the receiver electric vehicle with an electric vehicle charging station charging cable.

The power receiving terminal may be provided with electric power from, for example, the drive battery of the donor electric vehicle and additionally or alternatively from a power generating unit of the donor electric vehicle. For example, the power generation unit may include a generator that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. For example, the generator may be configured to be driven by an internal combustion engine provided in the electric vehicle to increase range, or to be driven by the primary engine of a hybrid donor electric vehicle. Further, for example, the power generation unit may be a galvanic cell that converts, for example, chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizer into electrical energy. The power generation unit preferably does not include a battery. The galvanic cell can for example represent a fuel cell, which is adapted to be fed with hydrogen.

The presented energy transfer device allows a flexible and simple charging of an electric vehicle with electrical energy. In addition, the proposed energy transfer device allows a waiver of towing an electric vehicle with too low a charge state of the drive battery to the next electric vehicle charging station and on the use of provided by electric vehicle manufacturers support vehicles. This technical solution can thus serve the electric vehicle driver of the receiver electric vehicle as an aid to self-help; he feels less dependent or delivered, so that the acceptance of electric vehicles can be increased. For example, since the electric power for charging the electric vehicle is transmitted but not stored only by the present power transmission device, the power transmission device can be manufactured with small outer dimensions and, in particular, low weight, and is not subject to aging by a battery-based loading aid. Finally, with the aid of the presented device, a flexible transport and exchange of energy by means of the electric vehicle can be made possible. Energy becomes a transportable commodity.

Because at least the power receiving terminal is adapted for direct coupling to a charging cable provided for coupling the donor electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station, and / or at least the power delivery terminal for direct coupling to a charging cable provided for coupling the receiver electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station is formed, for example, a charging cable, which is usually carried in an electric vehicle, are plugged at one end directly into the power receiving connection of the power transmission device and plugged, for example, at the other end in a discharge socket, such as a discharge / charging socket, the donor electric vehicle , And / or it can be plugged directly into the power receiving connection of the energy transmission device such a charging cable and, for example, at the other end in a charging socket, such as a discharge - / Charging socket, the donor electric vehicle are plugged. Thus, the power transmission device can be made compact, because at least for a coupling between the power transmission device and dispenser electric vehicle or receiver electric vehicle no separate cable to the power transmission device must be provided, but a charging cable can be used for this purpose.

For example, the power receiving terminal may be configured for direct coupling to a charging cable provided for coupling the donor electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station such that the end of the charging cable can be directly coupled to the power receiving terminal for direct coupling into a socket of the electric vehicle terminal. Charging station is set up. Additionally or alternatively, the energy delivery port may be configured for direct coupling to a charging cable provided for coupling the receiver electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station such that the end of the charging cable can be directly coupled to the energy delivery port for direct coupling into a socket of the charging cable Electric vehicle charging station is set up.

While one of the main problems of many electric vehicles in 2016 is still inadequate battery capacity and, correspondingly, vehicle range, it is likely that the average range (= energy content of the batteries) will increase as a result of falling battery costs and increasing use of electric vehicles. So in the future, it can be particularly common that vehicles that leave the home fully charged and need to travel only short distances carry a large amount of "superfluous" energy. If the entrained energy was regenerated, for example by means of solar cells on the roof of the home, then passing this energy to other vehicles, for example during the parking process, for example when shopping or at work, would not restrict the driving behavior of the owner of the donor vehicle , but would serve as a charging station for a receiver vehicle, without burdening the public power grid and requiring no complex infrastructure installation at the corresponding parking area. For example, coupled with an incentivization program to make it attractive to the potential donor vehicles, the energy transfer device can help with a manageable effort to expand the range of electric vehicle charging options.

In order that the presented energy transfer device can be carried without restrictions in everyday life in any electric vehicle, in particular a potential donor electric vehicle that is capable of delivering electrical energy to the energy transfer device, the energy transfer device is preferably formed with compact outer dimensions and can in a cuboid volume with respective Edge lengths of less than 30 cm, preferably 25 cm and particularly preferably 20 cm, are introduced.

In a development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that the energy transmission device is designed to provide electrical energy, in particular by a drive battery and / or a power generation unit of the donor electric vehicle, when the energy transmission device is coupled to a donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle. to activate and / or control for the energy intake connection by means of a data exchange with the donor electric vehicle.

This data exchange can, for example, represent a data exchange between the donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle, which runs via the energy transfer device. As an example embodiment, this data exchange may be by simply forwarding data by the energy transfer device, wherein the energy transfer device receives, for example, data from the receiver electric vehicle and forwards this data to the donor electric vehicle, and / or the energy transfer device, for example, receives data from the donor electric vehicle and forwards this data to the receiver electric vehicle, wherein this forwarding can be done, for example, without changing a transmission protocol by energy transmission device. A further exemplary embodiment can provide that this forwarding of data is carried out by means of a protocol conversion in the energy transmission device.

For example, the receiver electric vehicle may communicate by means of a first protocol and the donor electric vehicle may communicate by means of a second protocol different from the first protocol, the energy transfer device facilitating the data exchange between the receiver electric vehicle and the donor electric vehicle a protocol converter for Receiving data according to the first protocol from the receiver electric vehicle and sending that data according to the second protocol to the donor electric vehicle and / or receiving data according to the second protocol from the donor electric vehicle and sending that data to the receiver according to the first protocol electric vehicle.

For example, the energy transmission device may be configured to communicate over various protocols, such as protocols used when using a Plug or a socket according to type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America), or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe), or Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China) or any other standard, in particular future standards.

For example, the data exchange between the power transmission device and the donor electric vehicle, for example, be adapted to emulate a protocol that is used by the donor electric vehicle, for example, to communicate with charging stations, such as charging stations of a public utility. In particular, the emulation may serve to accept the energy transfer device as a power receiver from a donor electric vehicle coupled to the power receiving terminal.

Furthermore, the energy transmission device may also be configured to perform a data exchange between the energy transmission device and the receiver electric vehicle, wherein the energy transmission device may be configured, for example, to emulate a protocol that is used by the donor electric vehicle, for example for communication with charging stations, such as Charging posts of a public utility.

For example, the energy transfer device may include a processor configured to perform a software application that performs data exchange with the donor electric vehicle and / or performs data exchange between the donor electric vehicle and the transmitter electric vehicle. This software application can represent, for example, a computer-executable computer program which is stored, for example, in a memory of the energy transmission device. Furthermore, the energy transmission device can have a data transmission interface, which is set up to write data into the memory. Thus, for example, an update of the software application can be written into the memory via this data transmission interface, so that the data exchange carried out by the energy transmission device can also be adapted to changed standards or protocols. This processor and memory may be, for example, the processor and memory previously described with respect to data exchange.

Alternatively, the power transmission device may also include a hardware circuit, such as an FPGA or a DSP, or an IC (integrated circuit), for example, hard-wired, and configured to perform the data exchange.

In a further development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that the energy transmission device is set up to carry out a DC transmission between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle for transmitting the energy provided by the donor electric vehicle to the receiver electric vehicle. Thus, the donor electric vehicle can provide the power via DC, and the receiver electric vehicle can receive this power provided via DC.

In a development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that the energy transmission device is set up to carry out an alternating current transmission between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle for transmitting the energy provided by the donor electric vehicle to the receiver electric vehicle. Thus, the donor electric vehicle can provide the power via AC power, and the receiver electric vehicle can receive this power provided via AC power.

In a development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that at least the energy intake connection or the energy delivery connection is designed for, in particular direct, coupling with a charging cable provided for coupling an electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station.

The term direct or direct coupling of a first and a second component means, for example, a coupling of these components without an introduced between these components other component. For example, an immediate coupling of an electric vehicle with a charging cable means that a vehicle-side end, such as a plug, the charging cable is brought into electrical contact with a charging socket of the electric vehicle, for example by plugging the plug of the vehicle-side end of the charging cable into the charging socket of the electric vehicle.

The term "electric vehicle" is understood to mean all vehicle types with at least one electric motor as the drive motor and with at least one energy store for the direct or indirect storage of electrical energy for supplying the at least one electric motor. The concept of the electric vehicle also includes plug-in hybrid electric vehicles that include an internal combustion engine in addition to the electric motor, and also fuel cell vehicles that are powered by a galvanic cell, for example, the chemical reaction energy of a continuously supplied fuel and an oxidizing agent in electrical energy transforms.

Basically, the proposed energy transfer device is directed to the conductive, so wired charging an electric vehicle via a charging cable. The energy transmission device is generally designed for the transmission of electrical energy, ie both for the transmission of an alternating-current energy and a direct-current energy. When transferring an alternating-current power, a power converter must be installed in the respective electric vehicle to rectify the alternating current, since the drive battery of an electric vehicle can only be charged with direct current. The energy transfer device may be equipped with a power converter that is provided for electrical conversion, such as an AC, rectification, frequency transformation, voltage transformation, of the energy received at the power receiving terminal prior to deployment at the power delivery port. Preferably, the energy transmission device is designed to predetermine by means of a data communication with the donor electric vehicle the parameters of the electrical energy to be supplied to the energy intake connection, so that a charger / discharger installed in the donor electric vehicle or a power converter supplies the energy from the donor electric vehicle provided electrical energy as specified by the energy transfer device transformed. The energy transmission device may also be designed to retrieve therefrom, by means of data communication with the receiver electric vehicle, the characteristics of the electrical energy required to charge the drive battery or to power the charger of the receiver electric vehicle, in order to instruct the donor electric vehicle based thereon as described above ,

In a further development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that the energy transmission device have, for example, safety devices, such as a power cut-off device for personal and / or property protection, wherein this power cut-off device shuts off the energy transmission between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle, for example when an accident occurs. Such an accident could be caused, for example, by improperly disabling the coupling between the energy transfer device and the donor electric vehicle and / or between the energy transfer device and the receiver electric vehicle, but other incidents may also be detected that may result in activation of the power shutdown device.

For example, this Stromabschaltvorrichtung comprise an electromechanical switch, which is automatically brought to a second mechanical position upon detection of an accident from a first mechanical position, which represents an electrical connection, said second mechanical position separates the electrical connection. Further, the electromechanical switch may be configured to be moved from the second mechanical position to the first mechanical position by a user so that the electrical connection can be restored by manually positioning the electromechanical switch from the second to the first position. For example, the electromechanical switch can have a spring which is set up to transfer the electromechanical switch from the first position to the second position, so that a user subsequently, for example, by a pressure movement on the electromechanical switch in the transfer of the electromechanical switch from the second mechanical position in the first mechanical position biases the spring. Thus, the energy transfer device can be easily reset by operating the electromechanical switch from the second to the first position and used for further operation.

Wired charging generally requires that an electric vehicle to be charged be connected to an electric vehicle charging station via a charging cable. The charging cable is used to transfer the electrical energy intended for the drive battery of the electric vehicle from the electric vehicle charging station to the electric vehicle. In addition, data transfer between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station via the charging cable, for example, to transmit data on the required amount of energy, the voltage level and type and the maximum allowable current to the electric vehicle charging station. Such a data communication between the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle charging station, for example, for the adjustment of the maximum possible charging current by means of pulse width modulation after IEC 61851 take place, or may, for example, according to more comprehensive information exchange IEC 15118 respectively.

The proposed energy transfer device, which is designed for the coupling of at least one charging cable is not specific Type or specific type of charging cable and also not limited to any specific charging mode. An example is given to the in IEC 61851-1 pointed out four charging modes. Since the applicability of the proposed energy transfer device requires that the donor electric vehicle can provide or dispense electrical energy at its charge / discharge connection, of the four charging modes, in particular mode 3 and mode 4 according to IEC 61851-1 are preferred, since these are suitable for a return of electrical energy are formed. Without restricting the invention, in particular mode 3 according to IEC 61851-1 is cited as an application example for the presented energy transmission device, since electric vehicle charging stations in the public infrastructure space according to this mode 3 are already implemented today. Specifically, the AC charging according to Mode 3 provides the following: Charger in the electric vehicle; bidirectional data communication between the electric vehicle and the charging station; standardized charging plugs for both ends of the charging cable according to IEC 62196 ; Locking both plug couplings of the charging cable during power transmission; Possibility to regenerate electrical energy from the electric vehicle to the charging station; as well as a charging station side or infrastructure side decoupled, so not permanently connected to the charging station charging cable. Usually, the charging cable is carried in the electric vehicle, and the vehicle-side end of the charging cable is adapted to the built-in the respective electric vehicle charging socket. This ensures that every electric vehicle can be charged at a public charging station, without the requirement that all electric vehicles are equipped with an identical charging socket.

The presented energy transfer device utilizes the technical advantage of the regenerative capability of this charging mode to transfer electrical energy from the donor electric vehicle to the energy transfer device. Furthermore, the energy transmission device can advantageously enable the use of a charging cable, which can be, for example, a vehicle-specific charging cable, for coupling the energy transmission device to the donor electric vehicle and / or to the receiver electric vehicle.

It is provided that at least the energy intake connection or the energy delivery connection is designed for direct coupling to a charging socket of the donor electric vehicle or the receiver electric vehicle. When only one of the power receiving terminal and the power discharging terminal is formed to be directly coupled to an in-vehicle charging socket of the donor electric vehicle or the receiver electric vehicle, a terminal side of the power transmission device can be directly coupled to the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle, respectively the other connection side of the energy transmission device is coupled via a charging cable with the receiver electric vehicle or the donor electric vehicle. This allows a space-saving design of the energy transmission device and at the same time a simple operation of the charging process with only one charging cable.

In addition, a further development of the proposed energy transmission device provides that the energy intake connection is designed for direct coupling to a charge cable provided for coupling the donor electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station, and the energy delivery connection for direct coupling with one for a coupling of the receiver electric vehicle an electric vehicle charging station provided charging cable is formed.

In addition, a further development of the proposed energy transmission device provides that the energy intake connection is constructed identically to an infrastructure-side charging socket of an electric vehicle charging station, and / or that the energy delivery connection is designed to be identical to an infrastructure charging socket of an electric vehicle charging station. The energy intake connection and the energy delivery connection can also be designed to be identical to one another, provided that the energy transmission device is designed internally for allocating the connections.

In a further development of the proposed energy transmission device is provided that this is designed without charging cable. As a result, the energy transmission device can be produced inexpensively and with lower safety requirements. In addition, the energy transmission device can be manufactured with particularly small outer dimensions, so that they can be carried in small electric vehicles without loss of space.

As an alternative to the last-mentioned development, the presented energy transmission device can be integrated into a charging cable, preferably at the end.

In one development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that this is designed only for transmitting electrical energy from the energy intake connection to the energy delivery connection and not for storing an electrical energy to be provided at the energy delivery connection. This energy transmission device is therefore without one Behelfsantriebsbatterie formed and can provide at the energy delivery port only electrical energy that is supplied to her via their power receiving port.

In a development of the proposed energy transmission device, it is provided that the energy absorption connection and / or the energy release connection are at least partially integrated into an outer housing of the energy transmission device. The energy intake connection and / or the energy delivery connection are preferably integrated completely into the outer housing as charging sockets sunk into the outer housing. As a result, the energy transmission device can be produced with particularly compact external dimensions and is also resistant to mechanical loads.

In a further development of the proposed energy transmission device is provided that it is designed to lock the power receiving connection and / or the energy delivery port, in particular to fix a coupled to the power receiving terminal and / or the power delivery terminal charging cable against disengagement of the coupling. This energy transmission device is preferably designed so that a release of the fixation is only possible if the energy transmission device transmits or receives no electrical energy. As a result, a safe charging of an electric vehicle can be ensured even without using an electric vehicle charging station of the public infrastructure. Further, in the power transmission device, a Stromabschaltvorrichtung be provided which, for example, when a tensile force of plugged into the power output connector plug or plugged socket and / or exceeding a tensile force of a plugged into the power receiving connector plug or plugged socket, and / or upon detection of a other unauthorized operating condition disconnects the electrical connection between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle. Further, the energy transmission device may be configured to perform a cancellation of the fixation after disconnecting the electrical connection between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle.

A development of the energy transmission device provides that it is designed to negotiate and / or specify parameters for the transmission of electrical energy with the donor electric vehicle and / or the receiver electric vehicle by means of a data communication in accordance with a predetermined protocol. These parameters include, for example, quantities for characterizing the electrical energy to be supplied by the donor electric vehicle or to be absorbed by the receiver electric vehicle, such as the current intensity, voltage, amount of charge, frequency of an alternating voltage, determination of a charge via AC voltage or DC voltage, target state of charge of the Receiver electric vehicle, remaining charging status of the donor electric vehicle. Preferably, the energy transmission device is configured to retrieve a remaining state of charge of the donor electric vehicle that is stored in the donor electric vehicle and can be set by a user of the donor electric vehicle, which must not be fallen below after provision of the electrical charge for the energy transfer device or the receiver electric vehicle , The energy transmission device can also be designed to monitor the current state of charge of the donor electric vehicle and to deactivate the energy transfer when it falls below the predetermined residual state of charge.

In a further development of the presented energy transmission device is provided that it has a power delivery connection, as a socket for providing the donor electric vehicle provided electrical energy as a single-phase AC voltage, in particular a 230-volt AC voltage (to provide a household power), or a multi-phase AC voltage, in particular a 400-volt three-phase voltage (to provide a three-phase current) is formed. The energy transfer device may be configured to convert the electrical energy provided by the donor electric vehicle into the single-phase or multi-phase AC voltage or instruct the donor electric vehicle equipped with an internal converter to supply the electrical energy as AC voltage having a predetermined number of phases and predetermined amplitude to the power receiving terminal , The power output terminal formed as a power grid compliant socket is preferably formed as an additional power output terminal of the power transmission device, which is different from the power output terminal for coupling the receiver electric vehicle. Alternatively, the power transmission device may include a combined power output port whose functionality is switchable between a power output port for coupling the receiver electric vehicle and for providing a power grid compliant power outlet. The energy transfer device may also include a plurality of energy delivery ports, including a plurality of such power network compliant outlets. In addition to the charging function of a receiver electric vehicle, the energy transmission device thereby has the ability to operate in scenarios without mains power supply, such as in a remote holiday home, on a boat dock or on a construction site, to provide a mains power supply by the donor electric vehicle.

A further development of the energy transmission device provides that it is designed for emulating a public network connection to the energy intake connection and / or the energy delivery connection. The emulation serves, in particular, to accept the energy transmission device as an energy receiver from a donor electric vehicle coupled to the energy intake connection.

For example, this emulation may comprise an authentication, this authentication for example emulating the authentication of the donor electric vehicle at a central clearinghouse, and / or this authentication may, for example, emulate the authentication of the receiver electric vehicle at a central clearinghouse. For example, the authentication may be based on or according to the Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP), but other, in particular future Prokolle can be used. Currently, for example, a charging station takes over this task of authentication. This authentication can be carried out according to the invention by the emulation carried out by the energy transmission device.

For example, the energy transfer device may include a processor configured to perform a software application that executes the emulation. This software application can represent, for example, a computer-executable computer program which is stored, for example, in a memory of the energy transmission device. Furthermore, the energy transmission device can have a data transmission interface, which is set up to write data into the memory. Thus, for example, an update of the software application can be written into the memory via this data transmission interface, so that the emulation made by the energy transmission device can also be adapted to changed standards or protocols. This processor and memory may be, for example, the processor and memory previously described with respect to data exchange.

For example, the power transmission device may also include a hardware circuit, such as an FPGA or a DSP, or an IC (integrated circuit), for example hard-wired, that is configured to perform the emulation.

A development of the energy transmission device provides that it is designed to detect its current location, for example with a GPS sensor integrated in the energy transmission device or by means of data communication with a smartphone or a navigation system of an electric vehicle, and to report the detected location to a server location. Contraption. The server device maintains in a database the current locations of a large number of the power transmission devices presented here. If a driver of an electric vehicle with an exhausted drive battery needs a charging aid by a donor electric vehicle, he can determine, for example via an app on his smartphone, the location of the nearest potential donor electric vehicle with entrained inventive energy transfer device and the user of this potential donor electric vehicle to a Aufladehilfe ask.

A development of the energy transmission device provides that the energy absorption connection is designed to be compatible with a plug or a socket according to Type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America), or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe), or Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China). It is understood that the energy intake connection can also be designed to be compatible with other standards, in particular future standards.

A development of the energy transmission device provides that the energy delivery connection is designed to be compatible with a plug or a socket according to Type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America), or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe), or Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China). It is understood that the energy intake connection can also be designed to be compatible with other standards, in particular future standards.

For example, the first charging cable on one side of a socket or plug compatible with type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe) and, on the other hand, have a plug compatible with Type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes IEC 62196-2 (Europe) plug, with the two end sockets and Plug can be the same type or may be of different types. It is understood that the two end-side sockets or plugs can also comply with other standards, in particular future standards.

For example, the first charging cable on one side may have a socket compatible with Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), and on the other side a socket or, plug compatible with Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), the two end sockets or Plug can be the same type or may be of different types.

A development of the energy transmission device provides that the energy transmission device provides at least one display, such as a visual display, which is set up to display a status of the energy transmission device. For example, the at least one display may be configured to indicate electrical coupling of the energy transfer device with a donor electric vehicle, and / or display electrical coupling of the energy transfer device to a receiver electric vehicle, and / or transfer energy from the donor electric vehicle via the energy transfer device Receiver electric vehicle display. Alternatively or additionally, the display may be configured to facilitate communication between the energy transfer device and the donor electric vehicle and / or communication between the energy transfer device and the receiver electric vehicle and / or communication between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle via the Display power transmission device. Alternatively or additionally, the display may be configured to indicate an energy transfer from the donor electric vehicle to the energy transfer device and / or an energy transfer from the donor electric vehicle to the receiver electric vehicle via the energy transfer device.

Further, for example, the display may be configured to indicate an abnormal operating condition and / or fault, such as when a current transmitted from the donor electric vehicle to the receiver electric vehicle via the energy transfer device exceeds a predefined threshold, or when the voltage, which is present for the transmission of energy from the donor electric vehicle via the energy transmission device to the receiver electric vehicle, exceeds a predefined threshold value and / or falls below a predefined other threshold value. Additionally or alternatively, for example, an abnormal operating condition and / or an error may be indicated by the visual indication when a temperature at or in the energy transfer device exceeds a predefined threshold, and / or when an insulation fault is detected at the energy transfer device, and / or when other safety-related error is detected.

According to a further aspect of the invention, an energy transmission system is presented, which comprises one of the energy transmission devices presented above and a charging cable which can be directly coupled or coupled to the energy absorption connection of the energy transmission device and / or a charging cable which can be directly coupled or coupled to the energy release connection. The charging cable assigned to the energy delivery connection can be coupled or coupled directly to a charging socket of a receiver electric vehicle. The charging cable associated with the power receiving terminal is directly coupled or coupled to a charging / discharging socket of a donor electric vehicle. The proposed energy transfer system allows easy charging of a receiver electric vehicle with electrical energy provided by a donor electric vehicle.

According to a further aspect of the invention, an electric vehicle charging station, which is preferably designed to be stationary, is presented for at least one receiver electric vehicle. This electric vehicle charging station includes at least one of the previously proposed power transmission devices that is stationarily mounted at a location such as a parking lot or a gas station. In addition, the electric vehicle charging station comprises at least one discharge port for coupling with a respective donor electric vehicle and at least one charging port for coupling to a respective receiver electric vehicle, wherein the energy receiving device of the energy transfer device is a discharge port of the at least one discharge port and wherein the energy delivery port of the energy transfer device has a charging port represents the at least one charging port. For the exemplary embodiment of the electric vehicle charging station with a plurality of discharge connections, the at least one further discharge connection, which does not correspond to the energy intake connection of the energy transfer device, is for example electrically connected to the energy acceptance connection of the energy transfer device. For the exemplary embodiment of the electric vehicle charging station with a plurality of charging connections, the at least one further charging connection, which does not correspond to the energy discharge connection of the energy transmission device, is for example electrically connected to the energy discharge connection of the energy transmission device. The presented electric vehicle charging station can with low Expenditure can be built at any parking for electric vehicles and is ready for use without a power supply via the public grid, provided that a donor electric vehicle is connected to the electric vehicle charging station for delivering electrical energy. Vehicles that have a fully charged battery but rely on only a fraction of their charging power to reach their home charging station can connect to such a stationary electric vehicle charging station and then release some of their available energy for vehicles with a corresponding energy demand ,

The at least one discharge connection of the at least one energy transmission device of the electric vehicle charging station is, for example, set up in such a way that no current flowing from a public power network is provided via this at least one discharge connection, ie. H. the at least one discharge connection is not connected to a public power network and, in particular, is not connected to a power supply system of an electricity supplier. For example, only such energy can be made available to at least one receiver vehicle via the at least one discharge connection, which is fed by the at least one donor vehicle via the at least one discharge connection into the electric vehicle charging station.

According to an exemplary embodiment, the electric vehicle charging station comprises a plurality of the energy transmission devices, a plurality of discharge ports for coupling to a respective donor electric vehicle, and a plurality of charging ports for coupling to a respective receiver electric vehicle, the energy receiving port of each energy transfer device of the plurality of energy transfer devices being a discharge port of the plurality of discharge ports and wherein the power delivery port of each power transmission device of the plurality of power transmission devices is a charging port of the plurality of charging ports.

In accordance with another aspect of the invention, a method of charging an electric vehicle with electrical energy is presented. According to the method, one of the previously proposed energy transfer devices can be provided. A receiver electric vehicle is electrically coupled, for example via a first charging cable with the energy delivery port of the energy transfer device. For example, a donor electric vehicle is electrically coupled to the power receiving terminal of the energy transfer device via a second charging cable. Thereafter, data exchange is performed by the power transmitting device with the donor electric vehicle to activate supply of electric power by the donor electric vehicle. Then, electrical energy provided by the donor electric vehicle is transmitted to the receiver electric vehicle by the energy transfer device until, for example, a monitored charge completion condition, such as reaching the target state of charge of the receiver electric vehicle, the remaining charge status of the donor electric vehicle or an occurrence of an alarm signal, is met.

For example, the first charging cable on one side of a socket or plug compatible with type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe) and, on the other hand, have a plug compatible with Type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes IEC 62196-2 (Europe) plug, with the two end sockets and Plug can be the same type or may be of different types. It is understood that the two end-side sockets or plugs can also comply with other standards, in particular future standards.

For example, the first charging cable on one side may have a socket compatible with Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), and on the other side a socket or, plug compatible with Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), the two end sockets or Plug can be the same type or may be of different types.

For example, the second charging cable on one side of a socket or plug compatible with type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes plug IEC 62196-2 (Europe) and, on the other hand, have a plug compatible with Type 1 SAE J1772-2009 (Asia / America) or Type 2 Mennekes IEC 62196-2 (Europe) plug, with the two end sockets and Plug can be the same type or may be of different types. It is understood that the two end-side sockets or plugs can also comply with other standards, in particular future standards.

For example, the second charging cable on one side of a socket or plug compatible with the Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), and on the other hand, a female connector compatible with Combined Charging System (CCS) Combo Type 1 (US) or Type 2 (EU ) or CHAdeMO (Japan) or GB / T (China), wherein the two end sockets or plugs may be of the same type or may be of different types.

A development of the method for charging an electric vehicle provides that a data exchange, for example by the energy transmission device, with the donor electric vehicle for activating a supply of electrical energy is performed by the donor electric vehicle. This data exchange can also be carried out, for example, by an input interface of the donor electric vehicle, this input interface enabling, for example, the input by a user of data which causes the activation of a supply of electrical energy by the donor electric vehicle, and the latter Input interface, for example, allows a wireless connection to a mobile device of the user.

This data exchange may occur, for example, after coupling the receiver electric vehicle to the energy delivery device of the energy transfer device and after coupling the donor electric vehicle to the energy intake port of the energy transfer device when the data transfer is performed by the energy transfer device and the first and second charging cables, or if, for example the data exchange between the donor electric vehicle and the receiver electric vehicle is performed via a connection bypassing the energy transfer device, such as via a radio link.

A development of the method for charging an electric vehicle provides that the second charging cable for the coupling of the donor electric vehicle with the power receiving terminal of the energy transfer device is inserted into a charge / discharge socket of the donor electric vehicle, said charge / discharge of the donor electric vehicle is adapted to charge a drive battery of the donor electric vehicle by supplying electrical energy. Thus, the charge / discharge socket of the donor electric vehicle used to charge the donor electric vehicle, such as connected via a charging cable to a charging station outlet, may also be used to provide power to the receiver electric vehicle via the energy transfer device , There is therefore no need for a separate socket on the donor electric vehicle for this provision of power via the energy transfer device to the receiver electric vehicle.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided another energy transfer device having a power receiving port for coupling to a donor electric vehicle and a power delivery port for coupling to a receiver electric vehicle, wherein the energy transfer device is configured to couple with a donor electric vehicle and a receiver -Electric vehicle to transmit a provided by the donor electric vehicle electrical energy to the receiver electric vehicle. This further power transmission device differs from the power transmission device described above in that it is not necessarily provided that the power receiving terminal is formed for direct coupling with a charging cable provided for coupling the donor electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station and / or the power output terminal for direct coupling is formed with a charge cable provided for coupling the receiver electric vehicle with an electric vehicle charging station. Thus, this further energy transfer device can be coupled, for example, directly to the receiver electric vehicle with the energy delivery connection and coupled directly to the donor electric vehicle with the energy intake connection. Otherwise, this further energy transmission device can correspond to the energy transmission device described above, and in particular also one or more of the respective developments.

This power transmission device according to another aspect of the invention may be used equally for the electric vehicle charging station described above and / or for the method described above for charging an electric vehicle with electrical energy, the method then for example, the direct electrical coupling of a receiver electric vehicle with the Energy delivery port of the energy transmission device and the direct electrical coupling of a donor electric vehicle with the energy receiving terminal of the energy transmission device comprises. This method may comprise one or more of the aforementioned developments.

Brief description of the drawings

For clarification of the presented energy transfer device embodiments will now be presented with reference to the following figures.

1 illustrates a first embodiment of a power transmission device according to the invention in use with a Donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle.

2 illustrates a second embodiment of a power transmission device according to the invention in use with a donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle.

In the cited figures, identical or similar components are denoted by the same reference numerals across the figures.

Embodiments of the invention

1 does not illustrate to scale a first embodiment of a power transmission device according to the invention in use with a donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle. The energy transmission device 1 includes a power receiving connection 2 and a power delivery port 3 , each as one in an outer casing 4 the energy transmission device 1 recessed socket are formed. The energy intake connection 2 and the energy delivery port 3 Both are identical in design to a charging socket of an electric vehicle charging station and designed to receive an infrastructure-side end of a charging cable. A donor electric vehicle 20 is with a drive battery 22 equipped, the electrical energy under control of an unillustrated control unit at a loading / unloading socket 21 of the donor electric vehicle 20 can be provided. The donor electric vehicle 20 and the power transmission device 1 are directly via a charging cable 6 coupled to the donor electric vehicle 20 is assigned and while driving the donor electric vehicle 20 in this is accommodated. A vehicle-side end 7 of the charging cable 6 is electric with the charge / discharge socket 21 of the donor electric vehicle 20 coupled. A trained for coupling or connecting to a public charging station infrastructure end 5 of the charging cable 6 is electrically connected to the trained as a recessed socket power receptacle connection 2 the energy transmission device 1 coupled. A receiver electric vehicle 30 is with a drive battery 32 equipped by the energy transfer device 1 with from the drive battery 22 of the donor electric vehicle 20 provided electrical energy to be charged. The receiver electric vehicle 30 and the power transmission device 1 are directly via a charging cable 9 coupled to the receiver electric vehicle 30 is assigned and while driving the receiver electric vehicle 30 is housed in this. A vehicle-side end 10 of the charging cable 9 is electric with the charging socket 31 of the receiver electric vehicle 30 coupled. A trained for coupling or connecting to a public charging station infrastructure end 8th of the charging cable 7 is electrically connected to the energy discharge port formed as a recessed socket 3 the energy transmission device 1 coupled. By means of data communication via the charging cable 6 can the energy transmission device 1 the donor electric vehicle 20 induce electrical energy from the drive battery 22 at his loading / unloading socket 21 to be provided by the energy transfer device 1 over the charging cable 9 to the drive battery 32 of the receiver electric vehicle 30 can be transferred.

2 does not illustrate to scale a second embodiment of a power transmission device according to the invention in use with a donor electric vehicle and a receiver electric vehicle. Unlike the in 1 illustrated in the first embodiment, the in 2 illustrated energy transfer device 1 not an energy intake connection 2 but an energy intake connection 25 on that directly with the charge / discharge socket 21 of the donor electric vehicle 20 can be coupled. At the in 2 illustrated energy transmission device 1 will therefore only a single charging cable 9 needed to power the drive battery electrical energy 22 by the energy transmission device 1 to the drive battery 32 transferred to. The energy intake connection 25 is as one to the charge / discharge socket 21 of the donor electric vehicle 20 adapted plug formed. The energy delivery connection 3 is identical to a charging socket of a public electric vehicle charging station and designed to receive an infrastructure-side end of a charging cable. In this embodiment, a particularly high versatility of the energy transmission device 1 achieved when using this in donor electric vehicle 20 is carried during normal driving.

As a modification of the in 2 illustrated embodiment of the energy transmission device 1 This can be done permanently with the charging cable 9 connected or in the charging cable 9 be integrated. This is particularly advantageous when a large number of electric vehicles has a similar charging socket.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• SAE J1772-2009 [0018]
• IEC 62196-2 [0018]
• IEC 61851 [0031]
• IEC 15118 [0031]
• IEC 61851-1 [0032]
• IEC 62196 [0032]
• SAE J1772-2009 [0049]
• IEC 62196-2 [0049]
• SAE J1772-2009 [0050]
• IEC 62196-2 [0050]
• SAE J1772-2009 [0051]
• IEC 62196-2 [0051]
• SAE J1772-2009 [0060]
• IEC 62196-2 [0060]
• SAE J1772-2009 [0062]
• IEC 62196-2 [0062]

Claims (16)

Energy transmission device ( 1 ) with an energy intake connection ( 2 . 25 ) for coupling with a donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) and an energy delivery port ( 3 ) for coupling to a receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ), characterized in that the energy transmission device ( 1 ), when coupled to a donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) and a receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ) one of the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) supplied electrical energy to the receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ), whereby the energy intake connection ( 2 ) for direct coupling with one for a coupling of the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) Charging cable provided with an electric vehicle charging station ( 6 ) and / or the energy delivery port ( 3 ) for direct coupling with one for a coupling of the receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ) Charging cable provided with an electric vehicle charging station ( 9 ) is trained. Energy transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy transmission device ( 1 ) is adapted, in a coupling of the energy transmission device ( 1 ) with a donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) and a receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ) the provision of electrical energy, in particular by a drive battery ( 22 ) and / or a power generation unit of the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ), by means of a data exchange with the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) for the energy intake connection ( 2 . 25 ) to activate and / or control. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least the energy intake connection ( 2 ) or the energy delivery connection ( 3 ) for, in particular direct, coupling with a charging cable provided for coupling an electric vehicle to an electric vehicle charging station ( 6 . 9 ) is trained. Energy transmission device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that either the energy intake connection ( 25 ) or the energy delivery connection for, in particular direct, coupling with a charging socket ( 21 ) of the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) or the receiver electric vehicle is formed. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy absorption connection ( 2 ) and / or the energy delivery port ( 3 ) are each constructed identical to a charging socket of an electric vehicle charging station. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device is designed without charging cable or alternatively is integrated in a charging cable. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device only for transmitting electrical energy from the energy receiving connection ( 2 . 25 ) to the energy delivery port ( 3 ) and not for storing one at the power delivery port ( 3 ) electrical energy to be provided is formed. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy absorption connection ( 2 . 25 ) and / or the energy delivery port ( 3 ) at least partially, preferably completely, into an outer housing ( 4 ) of the energy transmission device are integrated. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device is designed for locking, in particular during the transmission of electrical energy, the energy absorption connection ( 2 . 25 ) and / or the energy delivery connection ( 3 ), in particular for fixing a respective coupled charging cable ( 6 . 9 ). Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device is designed to negotiate and / or specify parameters for the transmission of electrical energy with the donor electric vehicle and / or the receiver electric vehicle. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device has a power output connection serving as a socket for providing electrical energy as a single-phase AC voltage, in particular a 230-volt AC voltage, or a multi-phase AC voltage, in particular a three-phase voltage such as a 400- Voltage three-phase voltage, is formed. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device for emulating a public grid connection to the power receiving terminal ( 2 . 25 ) and / or the energy delivery port ( 3 ) is trained. Energy transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the energy transmission device is designed to detect its current location and to report the detected location to a server device. Energy transmission system with an energy transmission device according to one of the preceding claims and with one with the energy intake connection ( 2 ) directly connectable or coupled charging cable ( 6 ) and / or one with the energy delivery port ( 3 ) directly connectable or coupled charging cable ( 9 ), whereby the respective charging cable ( 6 . 9 ) directly with a charge / discharge socket ( 21 . 31 ) of an electric vehicle ( 20 . 30 ) can be coupled. Electric vehicle charging station for at least one receiver electric vehicle, with at least one stationary mounted energy transfer device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, at least one discharge connection for coupling with a respective donor electric vehicle and at least one charging connection for coupling with a respective receiver electric vehicle. A method for charging an electric vehicle with electrical energy, comprising the steps of: providing a power transmission device ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims; Coupling a receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ) via a first charging cable ( 9 ), with an energy delivery port ( 3 ) of the energy transmission device ( 1 ); Coupling a donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) via a second charging cable ( 6 ) with an energy intake connection ( 2 ) of the energy transmission device ( 1 ); and transmitting one by the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) provided electrical energy from the donor electric vehicle ( 20 ) by the energy transmission device ( 1 ) to the receiver electric vehicle ( 30 ).

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