WO2021065222A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents

電力変換装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021065222A1
WO2021065222A1 PCT/JP2020/031038 JP2020031038W WO2021065222A1 WO 2021065222 A1 WO2021065222 A1 WO 2021065222A1 JP 2020031038 W JP2020031038 W JP 2020031038W WO 2021065222 A1 WO2021065222 A1 WO 2021065222A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
storage battery
request
conversion device
power conversion
current
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2020/031038
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
誠二 居安
宗世 西村
淳 深谷
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denso Corp
Soken Inc
Original Assignee
Denso Corp
Soken Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denso Corp, Soken Inc filed Critical Denso Corp
Priority to CN202080068115.8A priority Critical patent/CN114586273B/zh
Priority to JP2021550404A priority patent/JP7133103B2/ja
Priority to DE112020004731.8T priority patent/DE112020004731T5/de
Publication of WO2021065222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021065222A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/712,540 priority patent/US12074538B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/50—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/52—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon multiple batteries simultaneously or sequentially for charge balancing, e.g. equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/855—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with circuits adapted for supplying loads from the battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0025—Arrangements for modifying reference values, feedback values or error values in the control loop of a converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
    • H03K17/082—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit
    • H03K17/0822—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage by feedback from the output to the control circuit in field-effect transistor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0095—Hybrid converter topologies, e.g. NPC mixed with flying capacitor, thyristor converter mixed with MMC or charge pump mixed with buck
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/1552—Boost converters exploiting the leakage inductance of a transformer or of an alternator as boost inductor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
    • H02P2209/01—Motors with neutral point connected to the power supply

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to a power converter.
  • a voltage equalizing device that equalizes the terminal voltage of each battery cell constituting the assembled battery.
  • the device comprises two switch elements corresponding to two adjacent battery cells and a reactor.
  • a buck-boost converter is formed by each switch element and reactor, and the operation of this converter equalizes the terminal voltage of each battery cell by transferring energy between the battery cells.
  • Patent Document 1 requires a dedicated switch element and reactor for transferring energy between each battery cell. Therefore, there is a concern that the device will become large.
  • the main purpose of this disclosure is to provide a power conversion device that can be miniaturized.
  • the present disclosure describes a rotary electric machine having a winding and In a power conversion device including an inverter having a series connection of an upper arm switch and a lower arm switch.
  • a connection path for electrically connecting the negative electrode side of the first storage battery, the positive electrode side of the second storage battery, and the neutral point of the winding.
  • Energy is transferred between the first storage battery and the second storage battery by passing a current between the first storage battery and the second storage battery via the inverter, the winding, and the connection path.
  • a control unit that controls switching between the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch.
  • the negative electrode side of the first storage battery, the positive electrode side of the second storage battery, and the neutral point of the winding are electrically connected by a connection path. Therefore, by controlling the switching of the upper and lower arm switches, a current is passed between the first storage battery and the second storage battery via the inverter, the winding, and the connection path, so that the first storage battery and the second storage battery are passed. Energy can be exchanged with and from.
  • the power conversion device can be miniaturized.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion device according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control device.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the processing of the control device when the vehicle is stopped.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method of setting the command current.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing processing of the control device when the rotary electric machine is driven.
  • FIG. 7 is a time chart showing the transition of the modulation rate when power is transmitted from the first storage battery to the second storage battery.
  • FIG. 8 is a time chart showing the transition of the modulation rate when power is transmitted from the second storage battery to the first storage battery.
  • FIG. 9 is a time chart showing the transition of the phase current and the like when power is transmitted from the first storage battery to the second storage battery.
  • FIG. 10 is a time chart showing the transition of the phase current and the like when power is transmitted from the second storage battery to the first storage battery.
  • FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram of the power conversion device according to the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control device.
  • FIG. 16 is a time chart showing changes in phase current and the like during charging from an external charger.
  • FIG. 17 is a configuration diagram of a power conversion device according to another embodiment.
  • the power conversion device of this embodiment is mounted on, for example, an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes an inverter 30 and a rotary electric machine 40.
  • the rotary electric machine 40 is a three-phase synchronous machine, and includes U, V, and W phase windings 41U, 41V, and 41W connected in a star shape as stator windings.
  • the phase windings 41U, 41V, and 41W are arranged so as to be offset by 120 ° in terms of electrical angle.
  • the rotary electric machine 40 is, for example, a permanent magnet synchronous machine.
  • the rotary electric machine 40 is an in-vehicle main engine and serves as a traveling power source for the vehicle.
  • the inverter 30 includes a series connection body of the upper arm switches QUAH, QVH, QWH and the lower arm switches QUAL, QVL, QWL for three phases.
  • voltage-controlled semiconductor switching elements are used as the switches QUAH, QVH, QWH, QUAL, QVL, and QWL, and specifically, IGBTs are used. Therefore, the high-potential side terminals of the switches QUAH, QVH, QWH, QUAL, QVL, and QWL are collectors, and the low-potential side terminals are emitters.
  • the diodes DUH, DVH, DWH, DUL, DVL, and DWL as freewheel diodes are connected in antiparallel to each switch QUAH, QVH, QWH, QUAL, QVL, and QWL.
  • the emitter of the U-phase upper arm switch QUAH and the collector of the U-phase lower arm switch QL are connected to the first end of the U-phase winding 41U via a U-phase conductive member 32U such as a bus bar.
  • the emitter of the V-phase upper arm switch QVH and the collector of the V-phase lower arm switch QVL are connected to the first end of the V-phase winding 41V via a V-phase conductive member 32V such as a bus bar.
  • the emitter of the W-phase upper arm switch QWH and the collector of the W-phase lower arm switch QWL are connected to the first end of the W-phase winding 41W via a W-phase conductive member 32W such as a bus bar.
  • the second ends of the U, V, W phase windings 41U, 41V, 41W are connected to each other at the neutral point O.
  • the number of turns of each phase winding 41U, 41V, 41W is set to be the same.
  • the inductances of the phase windings 41U, 41V, and 41W are set to be the same, for example.
  • the collectors of the upper arm switches QUAH, QVH, and QWH and the positive electrode terminal of the assembled battery 20 are connected by a positive electrode side bus Lp such as a bus bar.
  • the emitters of the lower arm switches QL, QVL, and QWL and the negative electrode terminal of the assembled battery 20 are connected by a negative electrode side bus Ln such as a bus bar.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes a capacitor 31 that connects the positive electrode side bus Lp and the negative electrode side bus Ln.
  • the capacitor 31 may be built in the inverter 30 or may be provided outside the inverter 30.
  • the assembled battery 20 is configured as a series connection of battery cells as a single battery, and has a terminal voltage of, for example, several hundred volts.
  • the terminal voltage (for example, rated voltage) of each battery cell constituting the assembled battery 20 is set to be the same as each other.
  • a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery can be used.
  • the assembled battery 20 is provided outside, for example, the power conversion device 10.
  • a series connection of a plurality of battery cells on the high potential side constitutes the first storage battery 21, and a series connection of a plurality of battery cells on the low potential side is formed. It constitutes the second storage battery 22. That is, the assembled battery 20 is divided into two blocks.
  • the number of battery cells constituting the first storage battery 21 and the number of battery cells constituting the second storage battery 22 are the same. Therefore, the terminal voltage of the first storage battery 21 (for example, the rated voltage) and the terminal voltage of the second storage battery 22 (for example, the rated voltage) are the same.
  • the intermediate terminal B is connected to the negative electrode terminal of the first storage battery 21 and the positive electrode terminal of the second storage battery 22.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes a monitoring unit 50.
  • the monitoring unit 50 monitors the terminal voltage, SOC, SOH, temperature, etc. of each battery cell constituting the assembled battery 20.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes a connection path 60 and a connection switch 61.
  • the connection path 60 electrically connects the intermediate terminal B of the assembled battery 20 and the neutral point O.
  • the connection switch 61 is provided on the connection path 60.
  • a relay is used as the connection switch 61.
  • the power conversion device 10 includes a current sensor 62 and a phase current sensor 63.
  • the current sensor 62 detects the current flowing in the connection path 60.
  • the phase current sensor 63 detects the phase currents of at least two phases.
  • the phase current sensor 63 detects, for example, the current flowing through the conductive members for at least two phases of the conductive members 32U to 32W.
  • the detected values of the current sensors 62 and 63 are input to the control device 70 (corresponding to the control unit) included in the power conversion device 10.
  • the control device 70 is mainly composed of a microcomputer, and performs switching control of each switch constituting the inverter 30 in order to feedback-control the control amount of the rotary electric machine 40 to the command value thereof.
  • the control amount is, for example, torque.
  • the upper arm switch and the lower arm switch are alternately turned on.
  • the control device 70 turns on and off the connection switch 61, and is capable of communicating with the monitoring unit 50.
  • the control device 70 realizes various control functions by executing a program stored in the storage device provided by the control device 70.
  • Various functions may be realized by an electronic circuit which is hardware, or may be realized by both hardware and software.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the procedure of equalization control processing. This process is repeatedly executed by the control device 70, for example, at a predetermined control cycle.
  • step S10 it is determined whether or not there is a request for equalization of the terminal voltage of each of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22.
  • the terminal voltage VBH of the first storage battery 21 and the terminal voltage VBL of the second storage battery 22 may be obtained from the monitoring unit 50.
  • step S10 If it is determined in step S10 that there is no equalization request, the process proceeds to step S11 to determine whether or not there is a drive request for the rotary electric machine 40.
  • the drive request includes a request for the vehicle to be driven by the rotary drive of the rotary electric machine 40.
  • step S11 If it is determined in step S11 that there is no drive request, the process proceeds to step S12 and the standby mode is set. By setting this mode, the switches QUAH to QWL of the inverter 30 are turned off. Then, in step S13, the connection switch 61 is turned off. As a result, the intermediate terminal B and the neutral point O are electrically cut off.
  • step S11 If it is determined in step S11 that there is a drive request, the process proceeds to step S14 and the drive mode of the rotary electric machine 40 is set. Then, in step S16, the connection switch 61 is turned on. As a result, the intermediate terminal B and the neutral point O are electrically connected via the connection path 60. After that, in step S16, switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL of the inverter 30 is performed in order to rotationally drive the rotary electric machine 40. As a result, the drive wheels of the vehicle rotate, and the vehicle can be driven.
  • step S10 If it is determined in step S10 that there is an equalization request, the process proceeds to step S17 and the equalization control mode is set. In step S18, the connection switch 61 is turned on.
  • step S19 equalization control is performed to equalize the terminal voltages of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22. Hereinafter, this control will be described.
  • FIG. 3A shows an equivalent circuit of the power conversion device 10 used in equalization control.
  • each phase winding 41U to 41W is shown as a winding 41
  • each upper arm switch QUAH, QVH, QWH is shown as an upper arm switch QH
  • each upper arm diode DUH, DVH, DWH is shown as an upper arm. It is shown as a diode DH.
  • each lower arm switch QL, QVL, QWL is shown as a lower arm switch QL
  • each lower arm diode DUL, DVL, DWL is shown as a lower arm diode DL.
  • the equivalent circuit of FIG. 3 (a) can be shown as the equivalent circuit of FIG. 3 (b).
  • the circuit of FIG. 3B is a buck-boost chopper circuit capable of bidirectional power transmission between the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22.
  • IBH indicates the current flowing through the first storage battery 21
  • IBL indicates the current flowing through the second storage battery 22.
  • IBH and IBL are negative when the charging currents of the first and second storage batteries 21 and 22 flow
  • IBH and IBL are positive when the discharge currents of the first and second storage batteries 21 and 22 flow.
  • VR indicates the terminal voltage of the winding 41
  • IR indicates the current flowing through the neutral point O. The IR becomes negative when a current flows through the neutral point O in the positive direction from the winding 41 toward the intermediate terminal B, and becomes positive when a current flows through the neutral point O in the opposite direction.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of equalization control.
  • FIG. 4 is a control block for equalization control that is performed while the vehicle is stopped before the rotary electric machine 40 is driven.
  • the control device 70 includes an equalization control unit 90.
  • the equalization control unit 90 includes a command value setting unit 91, a neutral point deviation calculation unit 92, a neutral point control unit 93, and U to W phase superimposition units 94U to 94W.
  • the command value setting unit 91 sets the neutral point command current IM * to a negative value. Specifically, the larger the absolute value of the determination voltage Vj, the more the neutral point command. Set the absolute value of the current IM * to a large value.
  • the neutral point deviation calculation unit 92 calculates the neutral point current deviation ⁇ IM by subtracting the neutral point current IMr, which is the current detected by the current sensor 62, from the neutral point command current IM *.
  • the neutral point command current IM * is a DC signal.
  • the neutral point control unit 93 calculates an offset correction amount CF as an operation amount for feedback-controlling the calculated neutral point current deviation ⁇ IM to 0.
  • proportional integral control is used as this feedback control.
  • the feedback control is not limited to the proportional integral control, and may be, for example, the proportional integral differential control.
  • the U-phase superimposition unit 94U calculates the U-phase final command voltage "Vu + CF" by adding the offset correction amount CF to the U-phase command voltage Vu.
  • the V-phase superimposition unit 94V calculates the V-phase final command voltage “Vv + CF” by adding the offset correction amount CF to the V-phase command voltage Vv.
  • the W phase superimposition unit 94W calculates the W phase final command voltage “Vw + CF” by adding the offset correction amount CF to the W phase command voltage Vw.
  • the phase command voltages Vu, Vv, and Vw are set to 0. Therefore, the final command voltage of each phase becomes the offset correction amount CF.
  • the control device 70 includes U to W phase modulation units 95U to 95W.
  • the U-phase modulation unit 95U calculates the U-phase modulation factor Mu by dividing the U-phase final command voltage by the power supply voltage Vdc.
  • the power supply voltage Vdc is the total value of the terminal voltage VBH of the first storage battery 21 and the terminal voltage VBL of the second storage battery 22 acquired from the monitoring unit 50.
  • the V-phase modulation unit 95V calculates the V-phase modulation rate Mv by dividing the V-phase final command voltage by the power supply voltage Vdc.
  • the W-phase modulation unit 95W calculates the W-phase modulation factor Mw by dividing the W-phase final command voltage by the power supply voltage Vdc.
  • the control device 70 performs switching control of the switches QUAH to QWL for three phases based on the calculated modulation factors Mu, Mv, and Mw. Specifically, for example, the control device 70 may perform switching control by PWM control based on a magnitude comparison between each modulation factor Mu, Mv, Mw and a carrier signal (for example, a triangular wave signal).
  • a carrier signal for example, a triangular wave signal
  • FIG. 6 is a control block for equalization control implemented in that case.
  • the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those shown in FIG. 4 above for convenience.
  • the d-axis deviation calculation unit 100d calculates the d-axis current deviation ⁇ Id by subtracting the d-axis current Idr from the d-axis command current Id *.
  • the q-axis deviation calculation unit 100q calculates the q-axis current deviation ⁇ Iq by subtracting the q-axis current Iqr from the q-axis command current Iq *.
  • the d-axis command current Id * and the q-axis command current Iq * are set based on the command torque of the rotary electric machine 40.
  • the d-axis current Idr and the q-axis current Iqr are calculated based on the detected value of the phase current sensor 63 and the electric angle of the rotary electric machine 40.
  • the electric angle may be a detected value of a rotation angle sensor such as a resolver, or may be an estimated value estimated by position sensorless control.
  • the d-axis control unit 101d calculates the d-axis voltage Vd as an operation amount for feedback-controlling the calculated d-axis current deviation ⁇ Id to 0.
  • the q-axis control unit 101q calculates the q-axis voltage Vq as an operation amount for feedback-controlling the calculated q-axis current deviation ⁇ Iq to 0.
  • proportional integration control is used as feedback control of the control units 101d and 101q.
  • the feedback control is not limited to the proportional integral control, and may be, for example, the proportional integral differential control.
  • the three-phase conversion unit 102 calculates the U to W phase command voltages Vu to Vw in the three-phase fixed coordinate system based on the d-axis voltage Vd, the q-axis voltage Vq, and the electric angle.
  • Each phase command voltage Vu to Vw is a signal (specifically, a sinusoidal signal) whose phase is shifted by 120 degrees at an electric angle.
  • the offset correction amount CF is added to the U to W phase command voltages Vu to Vw calculated by the three-phase conversion unit 102 in the U to W phase superimposition units 94U to 94W. As a result, the U to W phase final command voltage is calculated.
  • FIG. 7 shows the transition of each phase modulation rate Mu to Mw when the neutral point command current IM * is positive.
  • a current is supplied from the first storage battery 21 to the second storage battery 22, and the terminal voltages of the storage batteries 21 and 22 are equalized.
  • FIG. 8 shows the transition of each phase modulation rate Mu to Mw when the neutral point command current IM * is negative.
  • a current is supplied from the second storage battery 22 to the first storage battery 21, and the terminal voltages of the storage batteries 21 and 22 are equalized.
  • FIG. 9 shows each waveform when the neutral point command current IM * is set to a positive value.
  • 9 (a) shows the transition of each phase current Iu, Iv, Iw
  • FIG. 9 (b) shows the transition of the neutral point current IMr
  • FIG. 9 (c) shows the transition of the current IBH flowing through the first storage battery 21. The transition is shown
  • FIG. 9D shows the transition of the current IBL flowing through the second storage battery 22.
  • FIG. 10 shows each waveform when the neutral point command current IM * is set to a negative value.
  • 10 (a) to 10 (d) correspond to FIGS. 9 (a) to 9 (d) above.
  • a direct current is flowing in the connection path 60.
  • the intermediate terminal B and the neutral point O are electrically connected by the connection path 60. Therefore, when it is determined that there is an equalization request, the switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL is performed, so that the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 21 and the second through the inverter 30, the windings 41U to 41W, and the connection path 60 A current can be passed between the storage battery 22 and the terminal voltages of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 to be equalized. In this way, the existing windings 41U to 41W and the inverter 30 can be diverted to equalize the terminal voltages of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22. Therefore, since it is not necessary to add a dedicated reactor for equalization, the power conversion device 10 can be miniaturized.
  • connection switch 61 provided in the connection path 60 is turned on.
  • connection switch 61 is turned off. As a result, it is possible to suppress the flow of current between the neutral point O and the intermediate terminal B when there is no equalization request.
  • each phase winding 41U, 41V, 41W can be regarded as an equivalent circuit in which the windings are connected in parallel. Therefore, the inductance of the winding during equalization control can be reduced. As a result, the amount of change in the current flowing through the neutral point O can be increased in one switching cycle of each switch QUAH to QWL, and equalization control can be performed with a large current, for example, while the vehicle is stopped.
  • the electric compressor 110 is provided for air conditioning in the vehicle interior and is driven to circulate the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle.
  • the DCDC converter 111 is driven to step down the output voltage of the second storage battery 22 and supply it to the low-voltage storage battery 120.
  • the low voltage storage battery 120 is, for example, a lead storage battery having a rated voltage of 12 V.
  • the control device 70 determines that there is an equalization request.
  • the control device 70 performs switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL so that a current flows from the first storage battery 21 to the second storage battery 22 via the inverter 30 and the connection path 60. Therefore, the terminal voltages of the second storage battery 22 and the first storage battery 21 are equalized.
  • the SOCs of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 are respectively. Can be suppressed from large variations.
  • the third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings, focusing on the differences from the second embodiment.
  • the electric compressor 110 is connected in parallel to the first storage battery 21, and the DCDC converter 111 is connected in parallel to the second storage battery 22.
  • the same components as those shown in FIG. 11 above are designated by the same reference numerals for convenience.
  • control device 70 determines that at least one of the electric compressor 110 and the DCDC converter 111 is being driven, it determines that there is an equalization request.
  • the control device 70 applies a current for equalizing the terminal voltages of the second storage battery 22 and the first storage battery 21 via the inverter 30 and the connection path 60 to the first storage battery 21. Switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL is performed so that the current flows between the switch and the second storage battery 22.
  • control device 70 determines that the electric power taken out from the first storage battery 21 by driving the electric compressor 110 is larger than the electric power taken out from the second storage battery 22 by driving the DCDC converter 111, the control device 70 starts from the second storage battery 22. Switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL is performed so that a current flows through the first storage battery 21 via the inverter 30 and the connection path 60.
  • the control device 70 determines that the electric power taken out from the second storage battery 22 by driving the DCDC converter 111 is larger than the electric power taken out from the first storage battery 21 by driving the electric compressor 110, the first storage battery Switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL is performed so that a current flows from 21 to the second storage battery 22 via the inverter 30 and the connection path 60.
  • the SOCs of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 are large. It is possible to suppress the variation.
  • the rated voltage of each of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 is 400V. Therefore, the rated voltage of the assembled battery 20 is set to 800V.
  • the second storage battery 22 (corresponding to the "target battery") can be connected to the first charger 121 provided outside the vehicle, and the series connection body of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 is connected to the outside of the vehicle. It is possible to connect to the provided second charger 122.
  • the charging voltage of the second charger 122 is set higher than the charging voltage of the first charger 121.
  • the first charger 121 is compatible with quick charging
  • the second charger 122 is compatible with ultra-rapid charging.
  • the positive electrode side of the first charger 121 can be connected to the intermediate terminal B via the first switch SW1.
  • the negative electrode side of each of the first charger 121 and the second charger 122 can be connected to the negative electrode side of the second storage battery 22 via the second switch SW2.
  • the positive electrode side of the second charger 122 can be connected to the positive electrode side of the first storage battery 21 via the third switch SW3.
  • the first to third switches SW1 to SW3 are turned on or off by the control device 70.
  • step S30 it is determined whether or not there is a request for quick charging of the second storage battery 22 by the first charger 121.
  • step S30 If an affirmative determination is made in step S30, it is determined that there is an equalization request, and the process proceeds to step S31.
  • step S31 the first and second switches SW1 and SW2 are turned on, and the third switch SW3 is turned off. Also, the connection switch 61 is turned on.
  • step S32 switching control of each switch QUAH to QWL for three phases is performed so that a current flows from the second storage battery 22 to the first storage battery 21 via the inverter 30 and the connection path 60.
  • the assembled battery 20 can be properly charged by the first charger 121 while equalizing the terminal voltages of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22. it can.
  • FIG. 16 shows the transition of each waveform when the process of step S32 is performed. 16 (a) to 16 (d) correspond to the above 9 (a) to 9 (d).
  • step S30 If a negative determination is made in step S30, the process proceeds to step S33 to determine whether or not there is a request for ultra-rapid charging of the assembled battery 20 by the second charger 122.
  • step S32 If an affirmative judgment is made in step S32, the process proceeds to step S34, the second and third switches SW2 and SW3 are turned on, and the first switch SW1 is turned off. Also, the connection switch 61 is turned on. As a result, the assembled battery 20 is charged by the second charger 122.
  • step S33 If a negative determination is made in step S33, the first to third switches SW1 to SW3 and the connection switch 61 may be turned off.
  • the assembled battery 20 can be charged by the rapid charging of 400V by performing the equalization control.
  • the electric compressor 110 and the DCDC converter 111 can be connected in parallel to the second storage battery 22.
  • a high-voltage electric load corresponding to 400 V can be diverted in a system corresponding to ultra-rapid charging of 800 V. That is, the input voltage of the high-voltage electric load can be halved in the system corresponding to the ultra-rapid charging of 800 V.
  • the charging target of the first charger 121 may be the first storage battery 21 instead of the second storage battery 22.
  • FIG. 17 shows a power conversion device in the case of five phases.
  • the same components as those shown in FIG. 1 above are designated by the same reference numerals for convenience.
  • the installation location of the current sensor that detects the current flowing through the neutral point O is not limited to that illustrated in FIG.
  • a current sensor may be provided in each of the conductive members 32U, 32V, 32W in FIG.
  • the total value of the currents detected by the current sensors of the conductive members 32U, 32V, and 32W at the time of equalization control may be the neutral point current IMr.
  • the control device 70 does not have to synchronize the switching control of the upper arm switches QUAH, QVH, and QWH of all phases in the equalization control, and also controls the switching of the lower arm switches QUAL, QVL, and QWL of all phases. It does not have to be synchronized.
  • connection switch 61 is not limited to the relay.
  • connection switch 61 for example, a pair of N-channel MOSFETs in which sources are connected to each other or an IGBT may be used.
  • connection switch 61 is not essential. In this case, the intermediate terminal B and the neutral point O are always electrically connected.
  • the lower arm switch that constitutes the inverter is not limited to the IGBT, and may be, for example, an N-channel MOSFET.
  • the first storage battery and the second storage battery do not have to constitute an assembled battery.
  • energy is transferred between the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 for the purpose of equalizing the terminal voltages of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22. Not limited to this, energy may be exchanged between the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 without the purpose of equalizing the terminal voltage.
  • the command value setting unit 91 calculates, for example, an energy target value to be transferred from one of the first storage battery 21 and the second storage battery 22 to the other, and the calculated energy target value is calculated.
  • the neutral point command current IM * may be set based on.
  • the command value setting unit 91 transfers energy from the first storage battery 21 to the second storage battery 22, it calculates a positive energy target value, and the larger the positive energy target value, the more neutral it is. Set the point command current IM * to a large value.
  • the command value setting unit 91 transfers energy from the second storage battery 22 to the first storage battery 21, it calculates a negative energy target value, and the larger the absolute value of the negative energy target value, the more the neutral point. Set a large absolute value of the command current IM *.
  • the controls and methods thereof described in the present disclosure are provided by a dedicated computer provided by configuring a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions embodied by a computer program. It may be realized. Alternatively, the controls and methods thereof described in the present disclosure may be implemented by a dedicated computer provided by configuring the processor with one or more dedicated hardware logic circuits. Alternatively, the control unit and method thereof described in the present disclosure may be a combination of a processor and memory programmed to perform one or more functions and a processor composed of one or more hardware logic circuits. It may be realized by one or more dedicated computers configured. Further, the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable non-transitional tangible recording medium as an instruction executed by the computer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
PCT/JP2020/031038 2019-10-03 2020-08-17 電力変換装置 Ceased WO2021065222A1 (ja)

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CN202080068115.8A CN114586273B (zh) 2019-10-03 2020-08-17 电力转换装置
JP2021550404A JP7133103B2 (ja) 2019-10-03 2020-08-17 電力変換装置
DE112020004731.8T DE112020004731T5 (de) 2019-10-03 2020-08-17 Leistungswandler
US17/712,540 US12074538B2 (en) 2019-10-03 2022-04-04 Power converter performing switching control of upper-arm and lower-arm switches to conduct current between rechargeable batteries

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JP2019183117 2019-10-03

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DE112020004731T5 (de) 2022-06-15
JP7133103B2 (ja) 2022-09-07
US20220231619A1 (en) 2022-07-21

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