WO2021063452A2 - System und verfahren zum verbinden von textilbewehrten strukturmodulen, vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer textilen bewehrung oder eines textilbewehrten strukturmoduls, betonbauteil, druckerbeschreibungsdatei und garnablagedatei - Google Patents
System und verfahren zum verbinden von textilbewehrten strukturmodulen, vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer textilen bewehrung oder eines textilbewehrten strukturmoduls, betonbauteil, druckerbeschreibungsdatei und garnablagedatei Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021063452A2 WO2021063452A2 PCT/DE2020/100850 DE2020100850W WO2021063452A2 WO 2021063452 A2 WO2021063452 A2 WO 2021063452A2 DE 2020100850 W DE2020100850 W DE 2020100850W WO 2021063452 A2 WO2021063452 A2 WO 2021063452A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- textile
- edge
- reinforcement
- wedge element
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000013039 cover film Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003850 cellular structure Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012799 electrically-conductive coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007725 thermal activation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/163—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in one single direction
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/61—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other
- E04B1/6108—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together
- E04B1/612—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces
- E04B1/6145—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element
- E04B1/6162—Connections for building structures in general of slab-shaped building elements with each other the frontal surfaces of the slabs connected together by means between frontal surfaces with recesses in both frontal surfaces co-operating with an additional connecting element the connection made by an additional locking key
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/02—Moulds with adjustable parts specially for modifying at will the dimensions or form of the moulded article
- B28B7/025—Moulds with adjustable parts specially for modifying at will the dimensions or form of the moulded article the mould surface being made of or being supported by a plurality of small elements, e.g. to create double curvatures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/07—Reinforcing elements of material other than metal, e.g. of glass, of plastics, or not exclusively made of metal
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system and a method for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules along at least one connecting edge, each structural module having at least one edge groove that runs around at least along the connecting edge and has yarn loops.
- the invention further relates to a device and a method for producing a textile reinforcement, comprising at least one yarn arranged within a base frame, or for producing a textile-reinforced structural module, comprising the textile reinforcement and a hardenable material, wherein a shaping device is provided which has a free-form shaping layer includes, on the shaping level of which the reinforcement or the structural module is formed.
- the invention also relates to a concrete component, consisting of concrete structure modules that are connected to the concrete component, and a printer description file for the production of a wedge element and / or a shell element as parts of the system for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules and a yarn storage file for executing a method for producing a textile Reinforcement.
- the publication DE 10 2015 100 438 B3 describes a method for the production of prefabricated parts from textile concrete, a previously formed tensioning structure being arranged in a formwork as reinforcement and poured with concrete.
- the tensioning fabric is first formed from a yarn free of polymeric binders by means of a laying device in a base frame, in that the yarn is laid under mechanical tension between yarn holding devices arranged on the base frame. It is not possible to manufacture curved or freely shaped components.
- the formwork table comprises a formwork skin, a substructure to support it and adjustment devices for supporting and reversible deformation of the substructure and thus the formwork skin.
- the substructure consists of a bendable grating that can be distorted in one plane.
- To Sealing is a cover with an elastic membrane or the installation of a distortable, sealing substance in the grid. The later connection of several components is planned. However, it is not possible to produce reinforcement and, in particular, textile reinforcement in the formwork table.
- each structural module has at least one peripheral groove with loops running at least along the connecting edge, the device having a wedge element with wedges on at least one outer surface.
- shell elements which have inner surfaces corresponding to the wedges are included.
- the wedge element and the at least one shell element are provided for insertion into the at least two edge grooves with the overlapping loops, so that the wedges and the corresponding surfaces face one another.
- the wedge element is provided for partial extension or insertion, here by means of a thread, relative to the at least one shell element, so that the shell elements are spread apart from one another by means of the wedge effect between the wedges and the corresponding surfaces and the overlapping loops surrounding the device are drawn towards one another at the same time.
- the loops are not connected to the reinforcement; they are inserted into the less stable matrix material into which the forces are diverted.
- the shell elements are short, rigid and straight-tubular, so that they neither allow a continuous connection nor the connection of non-linear edge grooves. Each individual shell element must also be fixed separately in order to spread the adjacent loops, and only represents one connection that acts locally.
- the object is achieved by a system for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules, also referred to below as an edge connection, the structural modules preferably being concrete structural modules and the connection being made along at least one connecting edge.
- the connecting edge is one of the outer edges of the structural modules, which is prepared and suitable for connection, in particular through emerging yarn loops, which are part of the textile reinforcement, and formed edge grooves.
- Each of the structural modules therefore has at least partially circumferential yarn loops along the connecting edge. Circumferentially means that one loop of yarn is formed on the other over the relevant area, preferably at regular intervals.
- the yarn loops can come from the reinforcement emerging from the hardenable material, formed by the yarn loops placed around the yarn holding device, or separately inserted yarn loops into the hardenable material, preferably the concrete, without direct connection to the reinforcement. Furthermore, an edge groove along the connecting edge is required because the connecting elements can be arranged in a concealed manner therein, while the two edges delimiting the edge groove serve as connecting edges for contacting the structural modules to be connected.
- a system for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules hereinafter referred to as edge connection, is provided for inserting into the at least two edge grooves arranged opposite one another for assembly and connection with the overlapping yarn loops exiting there as part of the textile reinforcement of the structural modules to be connected.
- the edge connection comprises at least one, preferably at least two shell elements, for example designed as flat shells, which according to the preferred embodiment each have a keyway, and a wedge element which is inserted between the shell elements.
- the wedge element and / or the shell elements also have their own internal reinforcement to increase the tensile strength and / or the compressive strength.
- the yarn loops are part of the textile reinforcement of the structural modules and are connected to it in one piece. This means that a yarn first runs through the area of the textile reinforcement inside the structural module, then emerges from the structural module in the area of the edge grooves and forms the loop.
- the wedge element and the at least one shell element which form the edge connection or the central connection, follow the course of the connection edge continuously over the entire length. This is especially true when the connecting edge is non-linear, e.g. B. in curves, to which the wedge element and the at least one shell element are able to adapt.
- the wedge element and the At least one shell element enables such an adaptation through the use of materials that withstand compressive loads transversely to the longitudinal axis, but are nevertheless flexible or plastically malleable in the longitudinal direction.
- the pressure load is evenly distributed over the length of the shell elements due to the large number of yarn loops, so that local load peaks are avoided.
- an advantageous embodiment also provides for the wedge elements and the shell elements in a generative manufacturing process, e.g. B. in a 3D printer, in the desired and predetermined by the course of the grooves of the structure modules curve.
- wedge elements and / or shell elements consist of a composite material, fiber reinforcement being provided.
- This can e.g. B. carbon or glass fibers as well as epoxy resin
- the structure can also be made from layers of a composite material or another suitable flat material.
- the choice of material consistently avoids corrosion problems.
- the purpose of the wedge element is that it can be inserted into the two opposing keyways of the shell elements, so that when the wedge element is partially pulled out, the shell elements can be spread apart and the overlapping yarn loops can be pulled together. This is achieved by a preferably redundant wedge-shaped design of the contacting surfaces, the wedge effect being created between the outer surface of the wedge element and the inner surfaces of the keyways facing the wedge element in the installed state.
- a relative longitudinal movement of the wedge element and the shell element in a first direction of movement causes the wedges of the wedge element and the keyway, which are machined in the surfaces and which are in an interaction, to run up, and the shell elements are spread apart from the wedge element.
- the yarn loops overlap in different ways depending on the embodiment of the device for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules.
- the yarn loops of the two structural modules to be connected have the same orientation and interlock before the device for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules is inserted into the yarn loops.
- the shell element and wedge elements are flexible and follow the curvature of the edges of the structural modules.
- the free-form structural modules according to the invention can thus also be joined together to form a component.
- the free-form or free-form surface includes a single curvature, a double curvature, a ruled surface that is composed of straight lines in a certain way, a surface of revolution, a translational surface, a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS, a mathematically defined curve or surface for modeling any Shapes) and geometrically undefined surfaces.
- NURBS non-uniform rational B-spline
- more than two structural modules can also be connected.
- the interlocking yarn loops are aligned so that the yarn loops form a common opening for introducing the edge connection, in particular the yarn loops according to the preferred embodiment are oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the edge groove, alternative angular positions also being provided.
- the yarn loops are aligned in the plane of a connecting edge and are bound into a loop bed by one connecting edge each, the loop bed being spread apart during assembly by means of shell elements and wedge elements, but in a modified version.
- the object is also achieved by a device for producing a textile reinforcement, comprising at least one yarn arranged within a base frame, or for producing a textile-reinforced structural module, comprising the textile reinforcement and a hardenable material, in particular concrete.
- the textile reinforcement can be designed as a scrim.
- the device also serves as a formwork.
- the structural module is an independently manufactured module which is provided as part of a higher-level, larger structure, a component, and which is assembled with further structural modules to form the component.
- a hardenable material is any material that can be poured into a mold in a flowable manner and harden there to form a solid structural module. In the context of the present invention, concrete in particular is provided as such a hardenable material.
- a shaping device which can be freely shaped by means of a control device and which comprises a shaping layer is provided as an essential component of the device.
- the reinforcement or the structural module is formed on the shaping plane, on the upper side of the shaping layer.
- the preferred control device also includes drive elements such. B. Motors, and power transmission elements that the power of the drive elements, z. B. by means of pull ropes, transferred to the shaping position.
- the control devices also have devices for Surface processing such as milling cutters or for additive or generative manufacturing.
- non-controllable, non-flexible shaping devices are provided whose shaping position is different, e.g. B. by processing a mold block, for example formed as a wax block, a steel, wood or foam block, the surface of a sand mold or by a process of additive or generative manufacturing in a desired, for example in two planes and thus brought into a free form and the reinforcement and the hardenable material on the upper side, the forming plane can accommodate.
- a mold block for example formed as a wax block, a steel, wood or foam block, the surface of a sand mold or by a process of additive or generative manufacturing in a desired, for example in two planes and thus brought into a free form and the reinforcement and the hardenable material on the upper side, the forming plane can accommodate.
- yarn holding devices are provided between which the textile reinforcement can be formed by guiding the yarn from a first yarn holding device to a second yarn holding device and so on and depositing it on the forming plane.
- flexible frame strips are provided on which the yarn holding devices can be arranged. The frame strips are bendable in order to be able to adapt to the topography of the shaping position, even if this has been brought into a free form, for example.
- a compensation layer can also be used in order to achieve an even better balance or adaptation between the shaping layer and the frame strip.
- the frame strips can be arranged in relation to the base frame, so that different geometric shapes such as rectangles, triangles or polygons with varying dimensions and angles can be created. Open forms can also be created.
- the base frame forms the framework for storing the yarn as textile reinforcement, the yarn is stretched between the frame strips.
- the ends of the frame strip can overlap, the overlapping ends of the frame strip form the corners of the base frame.
- the shaping layer advantageously comprises a free-form core layer formed from core elements.
- the core elements are movably connected to one another by means of connectors and form a kind of mat or grid.
- the core layer has a forming plane, a top side of the forming layer on which the reinforcement or the structural module are formed Outer sealing layer and an inner sealing layer on the plane opposite the forming plane.
- the inner sealing layer enables a fluid pressure to be built up in a pressure vessel, the upper side of which represents the shaping layer.
- Controllable actuators such. B. control cables, which are connected at articulation points with the shaping layer or directly with the core layer. They are driven, for example, by controllable motors. Other types of actuators can be pneumatic actuators or mechanical linear drives.
- the space between the outer sealing layer and the inner sealing layer forms a fluid-tight area, as a result of which a further fluid can be introduced there under pressure and, above all, the outer sealing layer can be stabilized.
- the individual core elements are connected to one another via overflow openings which are arranged in the area of the connector.
- the free-form shaping layer is as a free-form surface or free-form surface, for example from a mold block, in particular a wax block, a steel, wood or foam block, in a sand mold or from the materials available for this purpose by means of additive or generative manufacturing generated surface. These surfaces can be designed as required, but not changed as flexibly as is the case with the previously described shaping layer with its core layer.
- the yarn holding devices are preferably designed as horizontal yarn holding devices, comprising a base body and two horizontally arranged yarn holding rollers, around which the yarn can be placed in a yarn loop.
- the yarn holding devices are designed as vertical yarn holding devices and have two vertically arranged yarn holding rollers.
- the thread holding rollers are arranged one behind the other in the thread direction.
- the yarn guide enables the two ends of the yarn loop to exit at a greater distance from one another, which advantageously already corresponds to a planned grid dimension of the reinforcement.
- the resulting thread loop in the vertical thread holding device with thread holding rollers arranged in the vertical axis of rotation has a rotated position relative to the position resulting from the horizontal thread holding device.
- An embodiment of the horizontal yarn holding device or the vertical yarn holding device in which the base body has an electrically operated holding magnet has proven to be advantageous. This makes it possible to temporarily fasten the horizontal yarn holding device or the vertical yarn holding device on a magnetic base in a controllable manner.
- the frame strip is primarily used as the substrate.
- the conductor tracks can be connected to a power source, which is preferably done at one end of the conductor tracks or the frame strips.
- the conductor tracks can supply the holding magnet with electrical energy so that it holds the yarn holding device on the frame strip as long as the power is supplied through the lines, and the horizontal yarn holding device or the vertical yarn holding device can easily be dismantled after the power supply has been interrupted.
- the holding magnet can be designed as a solenoid.
- An advantageous embodiment of the present invention provides a yarn depositing device which is suitable for laying the yarn over the yarn holding devices according to a predetermined pattern, forming the yarn loops there and producing the reinforcement in this way.
- the reinforcement can be produced automatically.
- the yarn depositing device has a yarn impregnation device which can provide the yarn with a curable, flowable impregnating agent immediately before it is deposited.
- a yarn impregnation device which can provide the yarn with a curable, flowable impregnating agent immediately before it is deposited.
- different methods and materials are provided for fixing the yarns after they have been deposited.
- a hybrid fiber is used as the yarn, to which thermoplastic fibers and thus thermally activated fibers were added during production.
- the thermoplastic fibers melt and connect the fibers suitable for load transfer, e.g. B. carbon fibers, with each other.
- the thermally activatable material cures as soon as the thermoplastic fibers have cooled down and returned to the solid state of aggregation.
- the yarn is impregnated with a hardenable fiber matrix material with which the yarn is stabilized.
- a hardenable fiber matrix material with which the yarn is stabilized.
- the curable material is preferably reactive resins, such as. B. epoxy resin, or aqueous dispersions, e.g. B. based on acrylate or styrene butadiene into consideration.
- curing can take place through thermal radiation, UV radiation, radiation from an LED lamp, microwave radiation or the like.
- curable fiber matrix material comprising electrically conductive materials (for example with carbon flakes or nanotubes) or, alternatively, to use an electrically conductive coating for the yarn.
- reinforcement can be produced that can be removed from the shaping device in a fixed form without subsequent concreting and can be used for further purposes.
- Another embodiment of the yarn depositing device has a cover film application device which, after depositing, can provide the yarn at least partially, at least over part of its length, with a protective cover layer.
- the cover layer forms a type of tunnel in which the yarn is protected from undesired lateral displacement and yet remains displaceable in the longitudinal direction to the extent that length compensation can continue to take place.
- the top layer is applied, for example, as a self-adhesive film or by means of sealing rollers that act on the edges of the top layer.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for producing a textile reinforcement comprising a yarn or a textile-reinforced structural module comprising the textile reinforcement and a hardenable material, in particular concrete.
- a shaping layer is provided which, if necessary, can be at least doubled by means of a control device, i.e. H. in two planes, is curved or, in addition, forms a free-form surface as defined above.
- the textile reinforcement is formed between yarn holding devices and, furthermore, the yarn holding devices are arranged on flexible frame strips in any arrangement, preferably by means of automated removal from a magazine and tray.
- the frame strips are in turn arranged in any geometric figure to form the base frame.
- the automated arrangement of the yarn holding devices on the flexible frame strip is facilitated by equipping the yarn holding devices with an electrically operated holding magnet. This goes into operation as soon as the thread holding device with its base body and the electrical contacts arranged on its underside is placed on the conductor tracks arranged on the frame strip and connected to an electrical power source and electrical contact is made with it.
- the power supply is interrupted to make dismantling easier.
- the yarn is preferably laid in such a way that the yarn loops step outwards, beyond the hardenable material or the area to be concreted.
- the yarn loops are advantageously located in the edge grooves of the structural module. In any case, it has proven to be advantageous if the yarn is deposited on a device as described above.
- the object of the present invention is also achieved by a method for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules along at least one connecting edge, each structural module having at least one loop of yarn at least partially circumferential at least along the connecting edge Has edge groove.
- an edge connection is introduced into both connection edges, which are already arranged opposite one another in the assembly position and whose yarn loops interlock.
- the edge connection each comprises a shell element which has a keyway, a wedge element being inserted between the keyways.
- the wedge element is then moved relative to the two oppositely arranged keyways or shell elements, preferably pulled out in practical use, until the shell elements with the overlapping yarn loops are spread apart by the wedge effect and the structural modules, in particular the connecting edges, are pulled together at the same time.
- a fixing agent secures the connection created in this way against undesired loosening of the wedging, for example as a result of vibrations. Even if the wedge element is not pulled out completely, the fixing means prevents the wedge element from jumping back.
- a hardenable material comes into consideration as the fixing means, which is pressed into the spaces between the wedge element and the shell elements, in particular between the keyways and the wedge element, and ensures a permanent, non-releasable connection.
- the hardenable material can be concrete, but also epoxy resin, which is less aggressive than concrete on shell elements and wedge elements.
- a detachable fixative can be used. This is designed, for example, as a mechanical safety device, in particular a screwable bolt, which secures the wedge element relative to one or both shell elements or to the structural element.
- a releasable fixing means is a non-hardenable material or a hardenable material with a defined compressive strength, which prevents the connection from loosening in the event of vibrations, but whose compressive strength can be overcome by a corresponding pull-out force applied to the wedge element.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a concrete component, consisting of concrete structural modules, produced according to a method and its variants as described above, which are connected to the concrete component according to a method as also described above.
- the concrete component can have other types of textile reinforcement.
- This includes a tubular reinforcing element that is continuously made using at least one arranged, intersecting yarn is formed in a grid shape. The intersecting sections of the at least one yarn are connected to one another in such a way that the connection has such a shear elasticity that the reinforcement element is equipped for an intended extensibility in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the reinforcement element and the resulting deformation in the transverse direction.
- Another type of reinforcement is particularly suitable for connecting two sandwich-like shells of a concrete component.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a printer description file according to claim 23.
- Printer description file is used for the generative production of the wedge element and / or the shell element as parts of the system for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules along at least one connecting edge according to one of claims 1 to 6 a generative process, e.g. B. in a 3D printer, or in a computer that is connected to a 3D printer.
- the wedge element and / or the shell element is designed as a composite material with its own textile reinforcement, in addition to the application of a matrix material in the 3D printer, it also includes the storage of the textile reinforcement, e.g. B. by inserting rovings.
- the creation in a 3D printer also enables the production of free shapes according to the course of the edge grooves of the structural modules to be connected.
- a further aspect of the present invention relates to a yarn deposit file according to claim 24 for carrying out a method for producing a textile reinforcement according to one of claims 19 to 21 when the yarn deposit file is executed on a yarn deposit device or in a computer connected to a computer-controlled yarn deposit device becomes.
- the yarn placement file includes a procedure or algorithm for automatic thread placement.
- a particular advantage of the present invention is that the connection can be made separable. This opens up completely new possibilities in construction. So far, the dismantling of buildings, especially those made of concrete, has always been accompanied by irreversible destruction with the production of recycled material suitable for inferior uses. With the present invention Buildings can not only be repaired or modified, but also completely or partially dismantled and rebuilt elsewhere. The concrete structure modules are therefore not available for recycling, if not for disposal as waste, but for complete reuse. The energy used to produce the concrete is not lost, which helps the construction industry to achieve a significant improvement in energy efficiency and to save CO 2 emissions.
- 1 a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a shaping device according to the invention with reinforcement formed between a base frame
- 2 schematic top views of four different base frames in different geometric shapes
- FIG. 3 a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention as a free-form surface
- 5 a schematic perspective illustration of two embodiments of a frame strip with conductor tracks and attached horizontal yarn holding devices
- 6 a schematic perspective illustration of two embodiments of a frame strip with and without a recessed foot
- Horizontal twine holding devices with twine steering 8: a schematic top view of an embodiment of a reinforcement according to the invention, formed within a base frame using
- 16 a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device with a yarn gate
- Embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device with a yarn gate and holding magnets 18: a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device with yarn steering;
- Embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device with a yarn gate and holding magnets 20: a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a vertical yarn holding device
- 25 a schematic sectional side view of a detail of an embodiment of a shaping device according to the invention
- 26 a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a shaping layer
- 27 a schematic perspective detailed illustration of an embodiment of a shaping layer
- Yarn deposit device with inserted yarn pressure roller and cover film application device Yarn deposit device with inserted yarn pressure roller and cover film application device
- Yarn depositing device 31: a schematic sectional illustration of a yarn with an applied cover film
- 35 a schematic view of a concrete structure module with an edge groove and an edge connection with applied yarn loops, inserted into an edge groove; 36: a schematic view of an embodiment of an edge connection and the sequence of the spreading process;
- 43 a schematic view of three further embodiments of an edge connection in longitudinal section; 44: a schematic perspective illustration of three uses of an embodiment of an edge connection;
- 45 a schematic perspective illustration of a further use of an embodiment of an edge connection
- 46 a schematic perspective detail view of a use of an embodiment of an edge connection
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a shaping device 200 according to the invention with reinforcement 10 formed within a base frame 100.
- the shaping device 200 stands on a base 1 and is delimited by side walls 212.
- a shaping layer 250 is visible on the upper side, which according to the requirements of the topography a reinforcement or a structural module 72 (see, for example, FIGS. 44, 52 and 57) and can also be arched in two directions.
- the base frame 100 which is produced by frame strips 110 which overlap at the ends and form the corners of the base frame 100, is arranged on the shaping layer 250.
- the yarn holding devices which will be described in detail later and between which the yarn 2 is laid and by which it is held, are attached to the frame strip 110.
- FIG. 2 shows schematic top views of four different base frames 100 in different geometric shapes, a square, a triangle, an irregular quadrangle and two rectangles. The examples illustrate that an almost unlimited variety of shapes, open and closed shapes, can be represented for the base frame. Not shown, but also provided is the use of frame strips 110 which are also bendable in the plane or which are already preformed in a specific radius.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a reinforcement 10 according to the invention as a free-form surface, with not only the reinforcement 10 but also the frame strips 110 likewise assuming convex areas 12 and concave areas 14 of the surface.
- a shaping device 200 also shown is a solid mold block for shaping, in the example a wax block 290, the surface of which is designed as a shaping layer 250 according to requirements.
- the tension of the yarn 2 should be selected to be correspondingly low when it is laid down.
- aids such as a cover film 20 can be used, cf. the description of the yarn depositing device 300 (FIGS. 29 and 30 and the associated description).
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a frame strip 110 and its use in connection with horizontal yarn holding devices 130.
- the horizontal yarn holding devices 130 are placed on the frame strip 110 at the desired spacing and in the desired arrangement. The arrangement is created according to view b).
- View c) shows how the frame strip 110 takes on the shape of this surface when it is placed on a surface which is curved and has convex and concave areas.
- vertical holding devices 180 cf. FIGS. 20, 21
- Fig. 5 shows a schematic perspective illustration of two embodiments of a frame strip 110 with conductor tracks 120 and attached horizontal yarn holding devices 130.
- View a) shows the horizontal yarn holding devices 130 placed on the frame strip 110 at different distances, the conductor tracks 120 and a connecting line 122 for supply with electrical energy are shown.
- view b) shows uniform distances between the horizontal yarn holding devices 130.
- the electrical energy supplied to the conductor tracks 120 via the connecting line 122 enables the horizontal yarn holding device 130 to adhere to the frame strip 110 by means of magnetic force (cf. FIG. 17 and the associated description).
- 6 shows a schematic perspective illustration of two
- Embodiments of a frame strip 110 with and without a sinker foot 115 are suitable for fixing the frame strip 110 in a relatively solid material, such as in a wax block (see FIG. 3 and the associated description) or sand, by inserting the sinkers 115 into the wax or the like the sand is pressed in.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of a reinforcement 10 according to the invention, formed within a base frame 100 formed by frame strips 110 using horizontal yarn holding devices 130 with yarn steering 138.
- the horizontal yarn holding device 130 leads to a position of the yarn loop 4 with a horizontal axis. At the same time, the yarn loop 4 can still be brought into a different position even after it has hardened.
- the same application is shown in FIGS. 8, 9, 10 and 11.
- the yarn steering enables the yarn 2 that is tapering to a yarn loop 4 and the yarn 2 that is draining to be spread in a predetermined grid.
- the grid dimension corresponds to the diameter of a steering cylinder 140 (see FIG. 12 and the associated description) and the distance between the horizontal yarn holding devices 130.
- Fig. 8 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a reinforcement 10 according to the invention, formed within a base frame 100 using horizontal yarn holding devices 130 with yarn gate 136.
- the grid dimension of the reinforcement 10 is determined exclusively by the distances between the horizontal yarn holding devices 130.
- the yarn 2 runs in the longitudinal direction from the horizontal yarn holding devices 130, which corresponds to a right angle to the frame strip 110.
- FIGS. 9 and 10 each show a schematic top view of an embodiment of a reinforcement 10 according to the invention, formed within a base frame 100 using horizontal yarn holding devices 130, once with yarn steering 138 in FIG. 9 and once with yarn gate 136 in FIG In FIGS. 7 and 8, the yarn 2 runs from the horizontal yarn holding devices 130 and to the frame strip 110 at an angle of 45 °.
- FIG. 11 shows a schematic top view of an embodiment of a reinforcement 10 according to the invention, formed within a base frame 100 using horizontal yarn holding devices 130 with yarn gate 136.
- the yarn 2 of the reinforcement 10 is oriented at an angle other than 90 ° or 45 °.
- a vertical yarn holding device 180 (cf. FIGS. 20, 21) can also be used. The same applies to the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 to 10.
- FIG. 12 shows a schematic detailed view of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with a yarn guide 138 and a yarn holding roller 134.
- An essential element of the yarn guide 138 is the steering cylinder 140. Its diameter D defines the distance between the incoming and the outgoing yarn 2 and thus ensures the grid dimension of the resulting structure of the reinforcement 10, at least in this area.
- FIG. 13 shows a schematic detailed view of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with a base body 132 and the yarn gate 136.
- Several yarns 2 run in and out through the yarn gate 136 after a yarn loop 4 has been formed over yarn holding rollers 134 in each case.
- the yarns 2 can run out of the yarn gate 136 at any angles.
- the surface of the yarn gate 136 is designed with a correspondingly low-friction design of the surface in such a way that the least possible force, in particular through friction, is exerted on the yarn 2.
- the yarn gate is preferably made of metal, a composite material or another suitable material, which is present as a thick rod and is brought into the suitable shape in order to be able to grip the yarn 2 and hold it in the intended position. This applies accordingly to the yarn guide 138 and the design of the surfaces in contact with the yarn 2 there.
- the yarn 2 is either a simple yarn, as shown, or a roving, a ply Yarn or a plied roving. This applies to all exemplary embodiments in which a simple yarn is shown.
- the difference between the two representations clarifies the effect of the horizontal yarn holding device 136, which specifies a specific position of the yarn loop 4, its orientation plane 6. Without the horizontal yarn holding device 136, the yarn loop 4 adopts an undefined position and tilts into any orientation plane 6, while when using the horizontal yarn holding device 136 this is essentially perpendicular, alternatively at a certain angle deviating from the perpendicular.
- the angle of the orientation plane 6 is of importance for the later use of the reinforcement, at the outer edge of which the yarn loops 4 emerge and is available for use, in particular for connecting structural modules stand. Compare in particular FIGS. 32 to 53 and 57 and the associated description.
- FIG. 15 shows a schematic side view of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with yarn gate 136 and yarn loops 4 laid in and formed from yarn 2 in two different variants.
- the yarn 2 is preferably automatically deposited, the yarn tension also being set according to the respective requirement.
- View a) shows the yarn 2 before removal from the mold, so that it rests on the shaping layer 250 (see, among other things, FIG. 23), view b) after removal from the mold and with high tension.
- FIG. 16 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with a yarn gate 136.
- a base body 132 accommodates the two yarn holding rollers 134. For this purpose, these are each arranged on a support frame 135 which is inserted into a groove in the base body 132.
- FIG. 17 shows a schematic perspective exploded view of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with yarn gate 136, as already described in FIG. 16.
- the holding magnet 160 can be seen, which is arranged on the underside of the base body 132 and screwed there.
- the holding magnet 160 for example designed as a solenoid or preferably as a flat coil, has contacts 162, the spacing of which corresponds to that of the conductor tracks 120 on the frame strip 110 (see FIG. 5 and the associated description). With the help of the contacts 162, the holding magnet 160 can be supplied with electrical energy as soon as the horizontal yarn holding device 130 is placed on the frame strip 110.
- the same applies to other yarn holding devices as soon as a corresponding base body 132 is equipped with the holding magnet 160 and the contacts 162 (see also FIG. 21 and the associated description).
- both the thread holding rollers 134 and the thread gate 136 ′ are attached to the base body 132 in an alternative embodiment in an elevated position.
- an elevated support frame 135 ' is provided. 17 illustrates the modular character of the horizontal yarn holding device 130, since the elements are interchangeable.
- FIG. 18 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with yarn steering 138. For the rest, reference is made to the explanations relating to FIG.
- FIG. 19 shows a schematic perspective exploded view of an embodiment of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with a yarn guide 138 and holding magnets 160. Reference is made to the explanations relating to FIGS.
- FIG. 20 shows a schematic perspective illustration
- FIG. 21 shows a schematic perspective exploded illustration of an embodiment of a
- Vertical yarn holding device 180 Like the horizontal yarn holding device 130, this includes a base body 132 which, in a preferred modular embodiment, has the same structure and the same connection options. At the position where only the yarn gate 136 or the yarn guide 138 are attached to the horizontal yarn holding device 130, in the
- Vertical yarn holding device 180 a separate module is attached which has the yarn holding rollers 134, which are vertically aligned with their axis of rotation, and the yarn gate 136 on a vertical base 182. With the vertical twine holding device 180, it is possible to use the twine holding rollers
- a holding magnet 160 with contacts 162 for screwing on the underside of the base body 132 is provided.
- 21 illustrates the modular character of the vertical yarn holding device 180, since the elements are interchangeable.
- FIG. 22 shows a schematic side view of two embodiments of a horizontal yarn holding device 130 with a yarn gate 136 and an inserted yarn loop 4, with particular attention being paid to the fixing of the yarn 2.
- the fixation on the shaping layer 250 takes place by pressing the impregnated yarn or by a preferably self-adhesive cover film 20 applied over it (compare also the yarn depositing device 300 according to the description of FIGS. 29 and 30).
- View b) has two different horizontal yarn holding devices 130 which differ in their working height, reference being made to the explanation relating to FIG. 17.
- this embodiment provides for the yarns 2 to be connected to one another without them having to rest on the shaping layer 250.
- Gluing takes place analogously to view a) by gluing with the aid of an impregnation or with an additional aid.
- FIG. 23 shows a schematic sectional side view of an embodiment of a shaping device 200 according to the invention, as it is preferably provided for the formation of the required curvature or the free form.
- the shaping device 200 is set up on the base 1 and comprises a floor 214 in addition to the side walls 212.
- the top In order to obtain a closed space for a pressure vessel 210 in which a fluid 230 is filled and a fluid pressure 234 is achieved the top must also be covered. This takes place by means of the shaping layer 250.
- the shaping layer 250 has an inner sealing layer 228 on its underside, which faces toward the pressure vessel 210.
- a side membrane 222 is provided towards the side wall 212 and a horizontal membrane 224 towards the bottom 214 is provided for improved sealing.
- the connection between the shaping layer 250 and the side wall 212 is made by a sliding device 226, which enables an unimpeded vertical movement of the edge region of the shaping layer 250 with respect to the side wall 212.
- a fluid pump 232 is provided in order to introduce the fluid 230 into the pressure vessel 210 and to control the fluid pressure 234 of the fluid 230.
- This conveys the fluid 230 via a fluid inlet 236 into the pressure vessel 210 and builds up the required internal pressure there.
- the shaping layer 250 has a uniform curvature 202.
- control cables 244 attached to the shaping layer 250 at articulation points 246 are provided, which can be pulled by control motors 242.
- the control motors 242 are activated by means of a control device 240. This defines which of the control motors 242 must pull in the corresponding control cable 244 by what length in order to achieve the desired height of the shaping layer 250 at the relevant position.
- the side of the shaping layer 250 facing away from the pressure vessel 210 has a shaping plane designed as an outer sealing layer 264. This prevents one
- Shaping layer 250 So that the outer sealing layer 264 does not sink locally at the points where it does not sink in on a core layer 252 (see FIG. 25 and the description there) of the shaping layer 250, it is provided that a fluid pressure is built up between the inner sealing layer 228 and the outer sealing layer 264.
- a pump 260 is used for this, which conveys a further fluid through the pressure vessel 210 via a feed line 262 to the shaping layer 250.
- FIG. 24 shows a schematic plan view of two embodiments of a shaping device 200 according to the invention, the distribution of the articulation points 246 below the shaping layer 250 being discernible.
- the distribution of the articulation points 246 can be selected differently depending on the requirements.
- articulation points 246 are also distributed in the edge area in order to also be able to control the position of the shaping layer 250 in the edge area in the immediate vicinity of the side walls 212.
- FIG. 25 shows a schematic sectional side view of a detail of an embodiment of a shaping device 250 according to the invention, the bottom 214, the horizontal membrane 224 and the control motor 242 in the interior of the pressure vessel 210 also being recognizable.
- the control cable 244 pulled by the control motor 242 is connected at the articulation point 246 to the shaping layer 250 and in particular to the core layer 252 in the interior of the shaping layer 250.
- the core layer 252 consists of individual core elements 254 connected to one another. In order to prevent the fluid 230 from the pressure vessel 210 from penetrating into the core layer 252, the side of the core layer 252 facing the pressure vessel 210 is sealed by means of the inner sealing layer 228.
- the core elements 254 are fluidly connected to one another via overflow openings 258 and mechanically via connectors 256. They are also provided with an iron insert 257.
- the upper side of the shaping layer 250 is provided with the outer sealing layer 264, the function of which was already mentioned in the explanations relating to FIG. 23.
- the horizontal yarn holding device 130 is placed on the outer sealing layer by means of frame strips 110, an additional compensating layer 266 being arranged between the frame strip 110 and the outer sealing layer 264.
- the compensation layer 266 enables compensation between the curvature of the outer sealing layer 264 and the flat base surface of the base body 132.
- the frame strip 110 can also be used alone, equipped with appropriate properties for height compensation.
- FIGS. 26 and 27 each show a section of an embodiment of the core layer 252, with FIG. 26 in a schematic plan view and with FIG. 27 a schematic perspective detailed illustration.
- the special structure enables simple stretching and compression during shaping without permanent deformation and the formation of a homogeneous surface without undesired deformations or protruding areas.
- FIG. 28 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a core element 254 with inner sealing layer 228 and outer sealing layer 264.
- the iron insert 257 in the interior and in the connectors 256 enables interaction with a magnet.
- 29 shows a schematic illustration of an embodiment of a yarn depositing device 300 with a yarn pressure roller 314 and a cover film application device 320, both of which are in use according to the illustration.
- the yarn 2 is unwound from a roll and passes through a yarn impregnation device 310, where an impregnation agent 8 is applied to the yarn 2.
- the yarn 2 impregnated in this way is guided through a yarn guide device 312 and onto the Forming layer 250 applied.
- pressing is also carried out by means of the yarn pressure roller 314.
- a cover film 20 is applied, which is also conveyed by a roll, a cover film dispenser 322, and is pressed onto the yarn 2 and against the shaping layer 250 by means of a cover film pressure roller 324.
- the yarn 2 is thus covered and secured (compare FIG. 31 and the associated description).
- the yarn 2 is secured against lateral displacement and against lifting off from the shaping layer 250, there in particular in concave areas.
- FIG. 30 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a yarn depositing device 300, which corresponds to that from FIG. 29, but without the yarn pressure roller 314 and the cover film pressure roller 324 being in use.
- 31 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a yarn 2 with an applied cover film 20 which has previously been provided with the impregnating agent 8 and pressed on.
- FIG. 32 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a system for connecting textile-reinforced structural modules, an edge connection 400, once in an elongated and once in a curved design.
- the edge connection 400 can be replaced in both flat, planar (view a) and arched, non-planar concrete structure modules 72 (view b).
- the edge connection 400 comprises a flat wedge element 410 and two flat shells 420, which are longitudinally displaceable relative to one another and wherein wedges 412 engage in the keyway 422 of the shell elements, the flat shells 420.
- the exact mode of operation is shown in the following figures and explained accordingly.
- the edge connection 400 can be used as a unidirectional edge connection 400, as shown in FIG. 32, or a multidirectional edge connection 403, see FIGS.
- the reinforcement from both connected concrete parts and the edge connection 400 itself forms a line or a tangent at the location of the connection in the case of non-planar concrete components. It also means that the unidirectional edge connection 400 is only suitable for connecting two structural modules, in particular concrete structural modules.
- the one-way Edge connection 400 again comprises two possible applications: the in-plane and the out-of-plane connection.
- the in-plane connection includes solutions in which the edge connection 400 runs in the plane of concrete slabs or parallel to the concrete slabs, regardless of their topography.
- the horizontal course, the in-plane connection is mainly used in shell and plate structures, horizontally developed structures (see. Fig. 44a, b and c). Bar elements, as shown in FIGS. 45-47, also belong to the in-plane solution like sandwich solutions (cf. FIG. 44b).
- edge connection 400 is arranged perpendicular to the plane of the concrete structures.
- concrete structures In the case of the non-horizontal edge connection 400, the out-of-plane connection, concrete structures must be in the form of a grid or a cellular structure (cf. FIGS. 48-50).
- the height and width of the wall elements or structural modules 72 with vertically aligned edge connection 400 or central connection 403 can be different.
- the non-horizontal edge connection 400 or central connection 403 for connecting solid walls in a building or relatively small components of a complicated lattice structure can be used as structural modules 72, as shown in FIG. 50.
- FIG. 33 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of an edge connection 400 with applied yarn loops 4 which originate from two concrete structure modules to be connected and which overlap and interlock in the connection area.
- the edge connection 400 is pushed into the yarn loops 4 overlapping in this way.
- the two yarn loops 4 are also pulled against each other (compare indicated arrow direction) and, as a result of the interlocking, the concrete structure modules not shown here are pulled together.
- FIG. 34 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of an edge connection 400, comprising a flat wedge element 410, shown in the center, having the wedges 412, as well as two to the side of the flat wedge element 410
- Flat shells 420 shown arranged.
- the flat shells 420 each have a keyway 422 into which the flat wedge element 410 can be replaced before assembly.
- the bottom of the keyway 422 also has wedge-shaped elements which, in cooperation with the wedges 412, during relative longitudinal movement between the flat wedge element 410 and the flat shells 420 when the
- Flat wedge element 410 between the flat shells 420 but preferably when pulling out of the flat shells 420, causes a spreading movement perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the flat wedge element 410 and flat shells 420. Sufficient tensile force acting on the flat wedge element 410 is required for pulling it out.
- 35 shows three schematic views, in perspective and in section, of a concrete structure module 72 with edge groove 74 and an edge connection 400 with attached yarn loops 4, inserted into the edge grooves 74 of the two concrete structure modules 72
- connection point and the edge connection 400 used there must be made invisible.
- FIG. 36 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of an edge connection 400 and the sequence of the spreading process.
- view a) are the flat wedge element
- FIGS. 37 and 38 each show a schematic sectional view, once a cross section and once a longitudinal section, of an embodiment of an edge connection 400, which shows the sequence of the spreading process, as shown in FIG. 36, again enlarged; in this respect, reference is made to these explanations relating to FIG 39 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an edge connection 400, the flat shells 420 having different cross-sections.
- Embodiments of an edge connection 400 The embodiment according to view a) represents a standard form in which all components consist of the same material. In the embodiment according to view b), all components consist of a composite material or composite material that has been joined in layers on top of one another.
- the embodiment according to view c) has its own wedge reinforcement 414 of the flat wedge element 410 for higher tensile strength and thus greater wedge forces. 41 shows a schematic sectional view of another
- Embodiment of an edge connection 400 comprising a rolling track 430 which facilitates the pushing in or drawing in of the flat wedge element 410 between the flat shells 420.
- rolling friction occurs through the use of the roller track 430.
- View a) shows the situation before the start, view b) at the end of the spreading process.
- An alternative embodiment of the rolling path 430 is not carried out in sections, as shown, but rather continuously.
- FIG. 42 shows a schematic sectional view of a further embodiment of an edge connection 400 which has flat shells 420, the outer surface of which is provided with a holding layer 421.
- This is easily deformable, so that the yarn loops lying there sink into the holding layer 421 under mechanical stress. This secures the yarn loops against slipping in the longitudinal direction of the edge connection 400, so that when pulling or pushing the flat wedge element 410 with respect to the flat shells 420, no further counterforce has to be applied.
- transverse forces which act on the flat shell 420 via the yarn loops are better distributed over the outer surface of the flat shells 420.
- FIG. 43 shows a schematic view of three further embodiments of an edge connection 400 in longitudinal section, different shapes of the wedges 412 being used in views a) to d). They differ in the force that can be applied during use, the elongated wedges 412 of views b) and d) being suitable for achieving greater spreading force.
- the wedges 412 of views a) and c) have flattened areas on which the interacting parts, flat wedge element 410 and flat shells 420, can rest after the expansion process is complete, without further longitudinal forces having to be applied.
- the long cone in the embodiment according to view b) also enables a more precise control of the spreading force.
- the outer contour is designed as a spline, so that only the static friction has to be overcome at the beginning of the extraction process and the spreading force only begins later when the wedge 412 is already in sliding motion.
- a step-by-step, discrete and thus concretely countable setting and application of the expanding force of the flat shells 420 is also possible by means of a step-like contour.
- 44 shows a schematic perspective illustration of three uses of an embodiment of an edge connection 400, with different embodiments of concrete structure modules 72 being connected, view a) shows two double-arched concrete structure modules 72 which are connected at a connecting edge 76 by means of edge connection 400.
- View b shows two concrete structure modules 72 in a sandwich structure, both shells of the sandwich structure each having their own edge connection 400.
- the edge connection 400 is also suitable for connecting flat concrete structure modules 72, as is shown in view c).
- an edge connection 400 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a further use of an embodiment of an edge connection 400, the use being for the connection of two carriers 80. On the tension side below and on the pressure side above, assuming normal load, an edge connection 400 is provided in each case.
- FIG. 46 shows a schematic perspective detailed view of the use of an embodiment of an edge connection 400 according to FIG. 45.
- the edge connection 400 is additionally shown with a representation of the yarns 2 which form yarn loops 4.
- the edge connection 400 runs through the interlocking yarn loops 4.
- the edge connection 400 that also accesses the same edge connection 400 Yarn loops 4 of the second carrier 80 to be connected are to be considered at the same time, since the situation shown would no longer allow the yarn loops 4 of the other carrier 80 to engage.
- the yarn loops 4 of the elements to be connected must first be brought into engagement before the edge connection 400 can be pushed in.
- FIG. 47 shows a schematic sectional view of three further uses of an embodiment of an edge connection 400, where different elements are connected to one another in views a) to c).
- View a) corresponds to the use shown in FIGS. 45 and 46, while views b) with a T-beam and c) with a freeform element show other embodiments of concrete structure modules 72.
- FIGS. 48 and 49 each show a schematic perspective view of a further use of an embodiment of an edge connection 400.
- FIG. 48 shows an embodiment of an edge connection 400 which is also suitable for producing a connection of beams or various load-bearing or non-load-bearing wall elements. The connection is made by means of vertical connection points, as shown in FIG. 48. In this way, for example, different lattice or lattice structures from concrete structural modules or concrete elements can be joined together, as shown in FIGS. 49 and 50.
- the previously described unidirectional edge connection 400 is used to connect two concrete structure modules 72 (see, for example, FIG. 44). It is not suitable for connecting more than two concrete elements to create a kind of cellular structure.
- FIGS. 50 and 51 a modification is therefore provided in order to provide a multidirectional edge connection shown in FIGS. 50 and 51.
- a central connection 403 as shown in detail in FIG. 51.
- This is suitable for the formation of network structures with variable angles and connecting edges, as shown in FIG. 50 with a schematic perspective illustration of a use of an embodiment of a central connection 403 for connecting more than two concrete structure modules 72.
- the yarn loops 4 (cf., for example, FIGS. 51, 53 or 57) are produced as explained above (cf. FIGS. 7-22). .
- the cylindrical structure of the multi-axis central link 403 allows for radial expansion instead of lateral expansion for a unidirectional edge joint 400. Therefore, it is possible to provide an expansion in any direction of the plane which the multi-directional central link 403 intersects.
- the central link 403 has the same key components as the unidirectional edge link 400.
- the multidirectional central connection 403 also comprises a middle part, here designed as a cylinder wedge element 413, and several side parts, here designed as cylinder shells 423.
- the wedge element is also equipped with a circular cross section and designed as a cylinder wedge element 413, just as the shell elements are designed as a section of a circular ring as a cylinder shell 423.
- the cylindrical wedge element 413 can have different contours on its surface in accordance with the illustration in FIG. 43 and thus different functionalities.
- the function of the multidirectional central connection 403 is similar to that of
- Edge connection 400 which is also constructed in such a way that it extends transversely through the textile yarn loops 4 (cf., inter alia, FIG. 46) and causes tension between the concrete structure modules 72 or the girders 80.
- the various yarn loops 4, which are each formed from a yarn 2 are no longer oval, but circular. The reason for this lies in the central connection 403 with a circular cross-section.
- Annular holder 424 the associated components together before the central connection 403 is introduced into the connection channel which is formed by the intermeshing yarn loops 4.
- the circular ring holder 424 can theoretically also be used for the unidirectional edge connector in order to hold its components together before they are inserted into the edge grooves.
- 52 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a further embodiment of an edge connection 400 which, in a particularly advantageous manner, manages without interlocking overlapping of the yarn loops 4 before assembly. This facilitates assembly, since in this embodiment the relatively unstable yarn loops 4 do not have to be brought to overlap in order to create an opening for insertion.
- the yarn loops 4 are rotated in relation to the embodiment according to FIGS. 32, 35 and 53 and inserted into a loop bed 440.
- This has a projection 442 into which the flat shell 420, which is particularly sharp-edged and is secured against undesired slipping off the loop bed 440, engages. If the flat shells 420 are spread apart as a result of the interaction between the flat wedge element 410 and the flat shell 420, the desired tensile force is exerted on the yarn 2 via the loop bed 440 belonging to each of the yarn loops 4.
- 53 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a further embodiment of an edge connection 400 with separate yarn loops 4 which are not tied to a textile reinforcement, but rather are embedded in the hardenable material of the concrete structure module 72.
- a loop holder 5 which at the same time holds the two ends of the yarn loop 4 together, ensures an improved hold.
- the loop holder 5 is preferably designed as an anchor which can be anchored in the hardenable material.
- 54 shows a schematic sectional illustration of an embodiment of an assembly aid 500 which is introduced into the edge groove 74 of the first concrete structure module 72 and which facilitates the placement of the second concrete structure module 72.
- the assembly aid 500 has a hook profile 510 which can compensate for inaccuracies in the surface in the edge groove and make it more difficult for the assembly aid 500 to slide back in an undesired manner.
- the assembly and use is shown in FIG. 55.
- 54 also shows that the edge connection 400 can be used inside the assembly aid 500 without the assembly aid 500 having to be removed.
- the yarn loops are not shown.
- 56 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of the assembly aid 500.
- 57 shows a schematic perspective illustration of an embodiment of a concrete component 70 according to the invention. In the embodiment shown, this is shown as a sandwich element, so that the concrete structure modules 72, which form the two shells of the sandwich element, are each connected with a separate edge connection 400.
- the area of the reinforcement 10 shown without a concrete cover illustrates the interlocking of the yarn loops 4, which each belong to the reinforcement 10 of both concrete structure modules 72.
- transverse force reinforcement 16 a box-shaped reinforcement made of a textile lattice-like structure, is shown, which is both in the two shells of the
- Sandwich element engages, as well as represents the connection and spacing structure between the two shells.
- a tubular reinforcement 18 is provided, which enables the introduction of high forces in the intended direction and dissipates them.
- the tubular reinforcement 18 can also dissipate forces across several concrete structure modules 72.
- a reinforcement strand 19 is introduced into the interior of the tubular reinforcement 18. Instead of the reinforcement strand 19, a line can also be passed through.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA3156631A CA3156631A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CONNECTING TEXTILE REINFORCED STRUCTURAL MODULES, DEVICE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING TEXTILE REINFORCEMENT OR TEXTILE REINFORCED STRUCTURAL MODULE, CONCRETE COMPONENT, PRINTER DESCRIPTION FILE AND YARN DEPOSIT FILE |
US17/766,225 US20240052636A1 (en) | 2019-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | System and Method for Connecting Textile-Reinforced Structural Modules, Apparatus and Method for Producing a Textile Reinforcement or a Textile-Reinforced Structural Module, Concrete Component, Printer Description File and Yarn Deposition File |
EP20797665.5A EP4022141A2 (de) | 2019-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | System und verfahren zum verbinden von textilbewehrten strukturmodulen und druckerbeschreibungsdatei |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019126607.6A DE102019126607A1 (de) | 2019-10-02 | 2019-10-02 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Verbinden von textilbewehrten Strukturmodulen, Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer textilen Bewehrung oder eines textilbewehrten Strukturmoduls, Betonbauteil und Druckerbeschreibungsdatei |
DE102019126607.6 | 2019-10-02 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021063452A2 true WO2021063452A2 (de) | 2021-04-08 |
WO2021063452A3 WO2021063452A3 (de) | 2021-06-03 |
WO2021063452A4 WO2021063452A4 (de) | 2021-08-05 |
Family
ID=73029783
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2020/100850 WO2021063452A2 (de) | 2019-10-02 | 2020-10-02 | System und verfahren zum verbinden von textilbewehrten strukturmodulen, vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer textilen bewehrung oder eines textilbewehrten strukturmoduls, betonbauteil, druckerbeschreibungsdatei und garnablagedatei |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240052636A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4022141A2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3156631A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019126607A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021063452A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022104390A1 (de) | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-24 | Deutsche Institute Für Textil- Und Faserforschung Denkendorf | Verfahren zum elektrischen Kontaktieren, Kontaktierungsgarn und Verwendung des Kontaktierungsgarns |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19823610B4 (de) | 1998-05-27 | 2005-03-31 | Florian-Peter Kosche | Schaltisch und Verfahren zur Herstellung von doppelt gekrümmten Bauteilen |
DE202006007316U1 (de) | 2006-05-05 | 2007-09-06 | Betomax Kunststoff- Und Metallwarenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg | Verbindungsvorrichtung für Betonbauteile und Bewehrungselement hierfür zum Herstellen einer Verbindung aneinander angrenzender Betonbauteile |
DE102015100438B3 (de) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-03-24 | Technische Universität Dresden | Herstellung von Fertigteilen aus Textilbeton |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP5048516B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-10-17 | 俊昭 太田 | 炭素繊維強化プラスチック製構造体及びこの炭素繊維強化プラスチック製構造体で形成した躯体 |
DE102013100053A1 (de) * | 2013-01-04 | 2014-07-10 | Groz-Beckert Kg | Beton-Fertigteilelement mit Textilbewehrung und Haltern |
DE102016100455B4 (de) * | 2015-01-13 | 2020-11-19 | Technische Universität Dresden | Textile Bewehrung und deren Herstellung |
FR3050454B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-25 | 2019-07-12 | Safran | Procede de fabrication d'une piece en materiau composite par injection d'une barbotine chargee dans une texture fibreuse |
KR101949283B1 (ko) * | 2017-01-18 | 2019-02-19 | 송송이 | 비정형패널 거푸집장치와 이를 이용한 grc패널의 제조방법 및 grc 외장패널 |
IT201700033240A1 (it) * | 2017-03-27 | 2018-09-27 | Stamtech S R L | Apparecchiatura perfezionata per la modellazione di prodotti |
AT520143B1 (de) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-03-15 | Baumit Beteiligungen Gmbh | Düse für Beton, Mörtel od. dgl. sowie deren Verwendung |
-
2019
- 2019-10-02 DE DE102019126607.6A patent/DE102019126607A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-10-02 CA CA3156631A patent/CA3156631A1/en active Pending
- 2020-10-02 WO PCT/DE2020/100850 patent/WO2021063452A2/de active Application Filing
- 2020-10-02 EP EP20797665.5A patent/EP4022141A2/de active Pending
- 2020-10-02 US US17/766,225 patent/US20240052636A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19823610B4 (de) | 1998-05-27 | 2005-03-31 | Florian-Peter Kosche | Schaltisch und Verfahren zur Herstellung von doppelt gekrümmten Bauteilen |
DE202006007316U1 (de) | 2006-05-05 | 2007-09-06 | Betomax Kunststoff- Und Metallwarenfabrik Gmbh & Co Kg | Verbindungsvorrichtung für Betonbauteile und Bewehrungselement hierfür zum Herstellen einer Verbindung aneinander angrenzender Betonbauteile |
DE102015100438B3 (de) | 2015-01-13 | 2016-03-24 | Technische Universität Dresden | Herstellung von Fertigteilen aus Textilbeton |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4022141A2 (de) | 2022-07-06 |
US20240052636A1 (en) | 2024-02-15 |
CA3156631A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 |
WO2021063452A3 (de) | 2021-06-03 |
WO2021063452A4 (de) | 2021-08-05 |
DE102019126607A1 (de) | 2021-04-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2912239B1 (de) | Armierungselement zur herstellung vorgespannter betonbauteile, betonbauteil und herstellverfahren | |
EP3418465B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines textilbewehrten baustoff-bauteils und verwendung einer spannvorrichtung hierfür | |
WO2019092169A1 (de) | Bewehrung von 3d-gedruckten betonkörpern | |
EP2410096B1 (de) | Schalungsvorrichtung und Verfahren zum Schaffen einer Aussparung beim Gießen eines Bauteils | |
EP3781372B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines bauteils aus aushärtbarem material | |
DE102019131051B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines bewehrten Betonbauteils, bewehrtes Betonbauteil und Fertigungssystem | |
DE102011111318A1 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines lichtdurchlässigen Mehrschicht-Verbundbauelementes mit integrierter Fassadenplatte | |
DE102015100438B3 (de) | Herstellung von Fertigteilen aus Textilbeton | |
WO2021063452A2 (de) | System und verfahren zum verbinden von textilbewehrten strukturmodulen, vorrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung einer textilen bewehrung oder eines textilbewehrten strukturmoduls, betonbauteil, druckerbeschreibungsdatei und garnablagedatei | |
DE102014102861A1 (de) | Bewehrungsgitter für den Betonbau, Hochleistungsfilamentgarn für den Betonbau und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung | |
EP2439359A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Verstärken von betonierten Platten im Bereich von Stützelementen | |
WO2021063453A1 (de) | Rohrförmiges bewehrungselement, verfahren zur herstellung eines bewehrungselements, globalbewehrung, verwendung eines bewehrungselements, betonbauteil und programmdatei | |
DE102005055770A1 (de) | Bauelement | |
EP3460114B1 (de) | Verzweigungsknoten zum gebäudebau sowie verfahren zur herstellung des verzweigungsknotens zum gebäudebau | |
EP0248813B1 (de) | Wiederverwendbares schalungssystem zur herstellung von freiräumen in baustoffen | |
EP3475041B1 (de) | Verfahren und eine vorrichtung zur herstellung von betonbauteilen | |
DE102019126608B4 (de) | Stützvorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer textilen Querkraftbewehrung und Betonbauteil | |
WO2020160833A1 (de) | Montagesystem für die montage einer verankerungsvorrichtung und ein verfahren für die montage einer verankerungsvorrichtung an einer teilbaute aus beton | |
DE10259961A1 (de) | Vorgefertigtes Bauelement, insbesondere Decken- oder Wandbauelement aus einem ausgehärteten Material sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Bauelements | |
EP3705657B1 (de) | Textile bewehrungsstruktur für ein bauteil, herstellungsverfahren für eine bewehrungsstruktur, bauteil und halbfertigteil | |
DE102016101360A1 (de) | Fertigteil sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Fertigteils | |
DE102021120438A1 (de) | System zur Schalung eines Wandelementes mit einem frei stehenden Gerüstabschnitt | |
DE102021115774A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines flächigen Bauteils mit vorgespannter textiler Bewehrung | |
WO2015059008A1 (de) | Maschinentischfundament | |
DE2853464A1 (de) | Kernschicht fuer leichtbauteile |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 20797665 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
WD | Withdrawal of designations after international publication |
Designated state(s): DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2020797665 Country of ref document: EP |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 3156631 Country of ref document: CA |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2020797665 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20220331 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 17766225 Country of ref document: US |