WO2021053798A1 - 電源装置及び寿命診断方法 - Google Patents

電源装置及び寿命診断方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021053798A1
WO2021053798A1 PCT/JP2019/036800 JP2019036800W WO2021053798A1 WO 2021053798 A1 WO2021053798 A1 WO 2021053798A1 JP 2019036800 W JP2019036800 W JP 2019036800W WO 2021053798 A1 WO2021053798 A1 WO 2021053798A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
switch
time
voltage value
life
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PCT/JP2019/036800
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆志 西岡
高彦 安藤
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to DE112019007629.9T priority Critical patent/DE112019007629T5/de
Priority to JP2020500673A priority patent/JP6678845B1/ja
Priority to CN201980100372.2A priority patent/CN114375402B/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2019/036800 priority patent/WO2021053798A1/ja
Priority to TW109109756A priority patent/TWI748383B/zh
Publication of WO2021053798A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021053798A1/ja

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/64Testing of capacitors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40Testing power supplies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power supply device and a life diagnosis method.
  • the power supply uses a capacitor, which is a life component, for voltage smoothing. As the deterioration of the capacitor progresses, the capacity of the capacitor decreases, so that there is a high possibility that the power supply device will not operate normally. Therefore, a technique for diagnosing the life of a capacitor is required.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 after the power supply to the capacitor is stopped, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor is discharged by a resistor connected in parallel with the capacitor, and the voltage value of the capacitor is a predetermined voltage value from the start of discharge.
  • a technique for diagnosing the life of a capacitor based on the time required to reach is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 1 since the capacitor and the power transistor module are always connected in parallel, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor is also discharged even in the power transistor module, so that there is a problem that the voltage of the capacitor at the start of discharge is not stable. is there.
  • Patent Document 2 since the capacitor and the resistor are always connected in parallel, the discharge is started immediately when the power supply to the capacitor is cut off, so that the voltage of the capacitor at the start of discharge is not stable due to the ripple component. There's a problem.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a power supply device or the like capable of accurately diagnosing the life of a capacitor.
  • the power supply device The first line and The second line, which has a lower potential than the first line, A first switch whose one end is connected to the first wire, A capacitor with one end connected to the first switch and the other end connected to the second wire. A resistor connected in parallel with the capacitor A second switch connected in series with the resistor, A voltage value detecting means for detecting a voltage value between both ends of the capacitor and A switch control means for controlling the first switch and the second switch, Life diagnostic means for diagnosing the life of the capacitor and With When the first time is reached when the first switch is on and the second switch is off, the switch control means turns off the first switch, and the first switch is turned off from the first time.
  • the voltage value detecting means has a first voltage value of the capacitor between the first time and the second time, and a third time when the second elapsed time has elapsed from the second time.
  • the second voltage value of the capacitor in The life diagnosis means diagnoses the life of the capacitor based on the first voltage value and the second voltage value.
  • the voltage between both ends of the capacitor at the start of discharge is stabilized by turning on the second switch after the lapse of the first elapsed time after turning off the first switch. Therefore, according to the present invention, the life of the capacitor can be diagnosed with high accuracy.
  • the figure which shows the structure of the power-source device which concerns on embodiment of this invention The figure which shows an example of the life characteristic of the capacitor which concerns on embodiment of this invention.
  • capacitor life is to determine how much the deterioration of the capacitor has progressed, how much the capacitor can be used, and how much the deterioration of the capacitor should be replaced. It broadly includes determining the deterioration of the capacitor, such as determining whether or not the capacitor has progressed to.
  • the power supply device 1 is a power supply device capable of diagnosing the life of a capacitor provided in itself and notifying the diagnosis result.
  • the power supply device 1 includes a capacitor 10, a switch 11, a switch 12, a resistor 13, a capacitor 10a, a switch 11a, a switch 12a, a resistor 13a, a diode 14, a transformer 15, a control unit 16, a storage unit 17, a line L1 and a line L2. ..
  • the power supply device 1 drives the load 2 with DC power.
  • the power supply device 1 controls the notification device 3 to notify the diagnosis result of the life of the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a.
  • the power supply device 1 is an example of the power supply device according to the present invention.
  • the line L1 is an example of the first line according to the present invention
  • the line L2 is an example of the second line according to the present invention.
  • the left side is the primary side and the right side is the secondary side with respect to the transformer 15.
  • the description about the primary side is omitted. In the following description, the description of the primary side will be omitted.
  • the black circles on the upper left and lower right of the transformer 15 shown in FIG. 1 indicate the polarity of the winding of the transformer 15.
  • the power supply device 1 is a power supply device by a flyback method.
  • a set of capacitors 10a and the like is provided in order to operate the power supply device 1 normally even when the switch 11 is in the off state.
  • the power supply device 1 can be operated normally even when the switch 11 is in the off state. That is, the set of the capacitor 10a and the like is provided to duplicate the set of the capacitor 10 and the like. Based on the above, in FIG. 1, the switch 11a is turned on while the switch 11 is turned off.
  • each configuration of the power supply device 1 will be described. However, as described above, since each configuration of the set of the capacitor 10a and the like is the same as each configuration of the set of the capacitor 10 and the like, only each configuration of the set of the capacitor 10 and the like will be described, and each configuration of the set of the capacitor 10a and the like will be described. The description of the configuration will be omitted.
  • the capacitor 10 smoothes the power supplied through the transformer 15 and the diode 14.
  • the capacitor 10 is, for example, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
  • the capacitor 10 has a life characteristic as shown in FIG. 2, for example.
  • the life characteristic of a capacitor is the relationship between the deterioration of the capacitor and the capacity of the capacitor. In general, as the usage time of the capacitor becomes longer, the deterioration of the capacitor progresses and the capacity of the capacitor decreases. In each of A, B, and C shown in FIG. 2, the remaining life of the capacitor 10 is halved, the remaining life of the capacitor 10 is reduced and the replacement of the power supply device 1 is recommended, and the life of the capacitor 10 is exhausted. It shows that the normal operation of the power supply device 1 is difficult.
  • the capacitor 10 is an example of a capacitor according to the present invention.
  • the switch 11 is connected to the wire L1 and the other end is connected to the capacitor 10.
  • the switch 11 is turned on and off by the control of the switch control unit 162 of the control unit 16 described later.
  • the switch 11 is turned off, the capacitor 10 is electrically disconnected from the wire L1.
  • the switch 11 is a switching element such as a relay or a transistor that is turned on / off by control.
  • the switch 11 is an example of the first switch according to the present invention.
  • the switch 12 is connected in series with the resistor 13. Like the switch 11, the switch 12 is turned on and off under the control of the switch control unit 162. When the switch 12 is turned on, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 10 can be discharged by the resistor 13. Like the switch 11, the switch 12 is a switching element such as a relay or a transistor that is turned on / off by control.
  • the switch 12 is an example of the second switch according to the present invention.
  • the resistor 13 is connected in parallel with the capacitor 10.
  • the resistor 13 discharges the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 10 in response to the switch 12 being turned on.
  • the resistor 13 is an example of the resistor according to the present invention.
  • the diode 14 rectifies the current flowing from the transformer 15. Due to the rectification by the diode 14, the potential of the line L1 becomes equal to or higher than the potential of the line L2.
  • the transformer 15 transforms the electric power supplied from the primary side and supplies it to the secondary side. Since the power supply device 1 is a power supply device based on the flyback method, the transformer 15 stores electric power when the switch on the primary side is on, and supplies electric power to the secondary side when the switch on the primary side is off.
  • the control unit 16 controls the power supply device 1 in an integrated manner.
  • the control unit 16 includes, for example, a microprocessor as a hardware configuration. Each function of the control unit 16 is realized by the CPU (Central Processing Unit) of the microcontroller executing the control program stored in the ROM (Read Only Memory). Alternatively, the control unit 16 may include a control circuit using an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit: integrated circuit for a specific application), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or the like. In this case, each function of the control unit 16 is realized by the control circuit.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit: integrated circuit for a specific application
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • the control unit 16 includes a voltage value detection unit 161, a switch control unit 162, a capacity calculation unit 163, a life diagnosis unit 164, and a notification control unit 165 as functional configurations.
  • the control unit 16 controls each of these functional units in order to diagnose the life of the capacitor 10 or the capacitor 10a at regular intervals such as every hour and every 8 hours.
  • the voltage value detection unit 161 detects the voltage values of the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a.
  • the voltage value detection unit 161 is realized by, for example, an A / D (Analog to Digital) converter provided in a microcontroller.
  • the voltage value detected by the voltage value detection unit 161 is used for calculating the capacity of the capacitor 10 by the capacity calculation unit 163 described later.
  • the voltage value detecting unit 161 is an example of the voltage value detecting means according to the present invention.
  • the switch control unit 162 controls on / off switching of the switch 11, the switch 12, the switch 11a, and the switch 12a.
  • the switch control unit 162 is an example of the switch control means according to the present invention.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 11 and the switch 11a and turns off the switch 12 and the switch 12a.
  • both the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a can be smoothed, and unnecessary discharge by the resistor 13 and the resistor 13a can be prevented.
  • FIG. 3 shows the on / off change of the switch 11 and the switch 12, and the corresponding change of the voltage value of the capacitor 10.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns off the switch 11 at time t1.
  • the influence of the ripple component generated on the wire L1 is eliminated, and the charge accumulated in the capacitor 10 is not discharged by the load 2, so that the voltage of the capacitor 10 is stable.
  • the resistor 13 does not discharge.
  • the voltage value V1 is detected by the voltage value detection unit 161 by the time t2 described later.
  • the time t1 is an example of the first time according to the present invention
  • the voltage value V1 is an example of the first voltage value according to the present invention.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 12 at the time t2 when the elapsed time T1 has elapsed from the time t1. Then, the discharge by the resistor 13 is started, and the voltage of the capacitor 10 gradually decreases.
  • the elapsed time T1 is an example of the first elapsed time according to the present invention
  • the time t2 is an example of the second time according to the present invention.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns off the switch 12 at the time t3 when the elapsed time T2 has elapsed from the time t2. Then, the discharge by the resistor 13 is stopped, and the voltage of the capacitor 10 becomes stable.
  • time t4 which will be described later, the voltage value V2 is detected by the voltage value detection unit 161, the capacity of the capacitor 10 is calculated by the capacity calculation unit 163, and the life of the capacitor 10 is diagnosed by the life diagnosis unit 164.
  • the elapsed time T2 is an example of the second elapsed time according to the present invention
  • the time t3 is an example of the third time according to the present invention
  • the voltage value V2 is the second voltage value according to the present invention. This is an example.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 11 at the time t4 when the elapsed time T3 has elapsed from the time t3. Then, the electric power is supplied from the wire L1, the electric charge is accumulated in the capacitor 10, and the voltage of the capacitor 10 rises.
  • the elapsed time T3 is an example of the third elapsed time according to the present invention
  • the time t4 is an example of the fourth time according to the present invention.
  • the switch control by the switch control unit 162 when the control unit 16 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10a is exactly the same as when diagnosing the life of the capacitor 10, so the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the capacity calculation unit 163 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.
  • the capacitance calculation unit 163 calculates the capacitance of the capacitor 10 based on the voltage value V1, the voltage value V2, the elapsed time T2, and the resistance value of the resistor 13 described above.
  • the capacitance calculation unit 163 also calculates the capacitance of the capacitor 10a in the same manner.
  • the capacity calculation unit 163 is an example of the capacity calculation means according to the present invention.
  • the voltage value V1 is the voltage value of the capacitor 10 before the discharge by the resistor 13 is performed.
  • the voltage value V2 is the voltage value of the capacitor 10 after being discharged by the resistor 13.
  • the elapsed time T2 is the time during which the discharge by the resistor 13 is performed.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 10 can be obtained based on the following equation (1).
  • C is the capacitance of the capacitor 10
  • R is the resistance value of the resistor 13
  • ln is a logarithm function with the natural logarithm as the base.
  • C T2 / (R ⁇ ln (V1 / V2)) (1)
  • the capacitance calculation unit 163 calculates the capacitance of the capacitor 10 based on the equation (1) with reference to the information indicating the resistance value of the resistor 13 stored in the storage unit 17.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10 based on the capacity of the capacitor 10 calculated by the capacity calculation unit 163 and the life characteristics of the capacitor 10 as shown in FIG.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 also diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10a in the same manner.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 is an example of the life diagnosis means according to the present invention.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10 by referring to the information stored in the storage unit 17 indicating the life characteristics of the capacitor 10.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 compares the magnitude of the capacity with the capacity of the capacitor 10 calculated by the capacity calculation unit 163, and the deterioration of the capacitor 10 is to the extent that replacement of the power supply device 1 is recommended.
  • the life of the capacitor 10 is diagnosed by determining whether or not it has advanced.
  • the capacity indicated by the information stored in the storage unit 17 serves as a threshold value in the life diagnosis. Also in this case, since the threshold value is a value obtained based on the life characteristic of the capacitor 10, it can be said that the life diagnosis unit 164 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10 based on the life characteristic of the capacitor 10.
  • the notification control unit 165 controls the notification device 3 to notify the user of the diagnosis result by the life diagnosis unit 164.
  • the details of the notification device 3 will be described later.
  • the notification control unit 165 does not have to perform any notification when it is not necessary to notify the diagnosis result. For example, when the diagnosis result is notified only when the replacement of the power supply device 1 is recommended, the notification control unit 165 does not have to notify the diagnosis result when the life of the capacitor 10 is sufficiently remaining.
  • the storage unit 17 stores information indicating the resistance value of the resistor 13, information indicating the resistance value of the resistor 13a, information indicating the life characteristic of the capacitor 10, and information indicating the life characteristic of the capacitor 10a.
  • the storage unit 17 may store the above-mentioned threshold values in the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a instead of the information indicating the life characteristic of the capacitor 10 and the information indicating the life characteristic of the capacitor 10a.
  • the load 2 is a load driven by DC power supplied by the power supply device 1, and is, for example, a DC motor.
  • One end of the load 2 is connected to the wire L1 of the power supply device 1, and the other end of the load 2 is connected to the wire L2 of the power supply device 1.
  • the load 2 is an example of the load according to the present invention.
  • the notification device 3 notifies the user of the diagnosis result regarding the life of the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a.
  • the notification device 3 is, for example, a lamp that emits green, yellow, and red light.
  • the notification device 3 emits green light when the life of the capacitor 10 and the life of the capacitor 10a are sufficiently remaining, for example, based on the control by the notification control unit 165 of the control unit 16, and the power supply device 1 should be replaced.
  • yellow light is emitted
  • red light is emitted.
  • the notification device 3 may be a lamp that emits only red light.
  • the notification device 3 when the deterioration of the capacitor 10 or the capacitor 10a has progressed to the extent that the power supply device 1 should be replaced based on the control by the notification control unit 165, for example, the notification device 3 has a life of the capacitor 10 or the capacitor 10a. It emits red light (including when it is exhausted). For example, when the diagnosis by the lifespan diagnosis unit 164 is performed based on the threshold value, such a notification mode is used.
  • the notification device 3 may be a speaker that sounds a buzzer sound in addition to the lamp, or may be a display capable of displaying the diagnosis result in detail.
  • FIG. 4 As described above, the operation shown in FIG. 4 is executed, for example, at regular time intervals. Further, at the start of the operation shown in FIG. 4, as described above, the switch 11 and the switch 11a are in the on state, and the switch 12 and the switch 12a are in the off state. Further, the operation of the life diagnosis of the capacitor 10 will be described below. Since the life diagnosis of the capacitor 10a is the same as that of the capacitor 10, the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the switch control unit 162 of the control unit 16 of the power supply device 1 turns off the switch 11 (step S101).
  • the time when this operation is executed is the time t1 in FIG.
  • the switch 11 is turned off, the voltage of the capacitor 10 is stabilized.
  • step S101 the voltage value detection unit 161 of the control unit 16 detects the voltage value V1 of the capacitor 10 by the time t2 (step S102). However, if the operation of step S102 is executed immediately after step S101, the voltage value of the capacitor 10 is detected before the voltage of the capacitor 10 stabilizes, which is not preferable.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 12 (step S103).
  • the time when this operation is executed is the time t2 in FIG.
  • the switch 12 is turned on, the discharge by the resistor 13 is started.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns off the switch 12 (step S104).
  • the time when this operation is executed is the time t3 in FIG.
  • the switch 12 is turned off, the discharge by the resistor 13 is completed, and the voltage of the capacitor 10 is stabilized.
  • step S104 the voltage value detection unit 161 of the control unit 16 detects the voltage value V2 of the capacitor 10 by the time t4 (step S105).
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 11 (step S106).
  • the time when this operation is executed is the time t4 in FIG.
  • the switch 11 is turned on, electric charges are accumulated from the wire L1 to the capacitor 10, and the voltage of the capacitor 10 rises.
  • the capacitance calculation unit 163 of the control unit 16 has the voltage value V1 detected in step S102, the voltage value V2 detected in step S105, the elapsed time T2, and the resistance of the resistor 13 stored in the storage unit 17.
  • the capacitance of the capacitor 10 is calculated based on the information indicating the value (step S107).
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 of the control unit 16 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10 based on the capacity of the capacitor 10 calculated in step S107 and the information indicating the life characteristics of the capacitor 10 stored in the storage unit 17. (Step S108).
  • Control unit 165 controls the notification device 3 to notify the user of the diagnosis result obtained in step S108 (step S109). Then, the control unit 16 ends the operation of the life diagnosis.
  • step S106 may be executed after any of the operations of steps S107 to S109.
  • the power supply device 1 has been described above. According to the power supply device 1, since the switch 11 is turned off at the time t1 and the switch 12 is turned on at the time t2 after the elapsed time T1 has elapsed, the voltage of the capacitor 10 from the time t1 to t2 can be stabilized. That is, according to the power supply device 1, the voltage between both ends of the capacitor 10 at the start of discharge is stable.
  • the switch 12 is turned off at the time t3 to end the discharge, and the switch 11 is turned on at the time t4 after the elapsed time T3 elapses. It can be stabilized.
  • the elapsed time T2 which is the time during which the discharge by the resistor 13 is performed, is a time irrelevant to the voltage value of the capacitor, and the capacitor 10 is stable before and after the discharge.
  • the life of the capacitor 10 can be diagnosed with high accuracy based on the detected voltage value of the capacitor 10. Similarly, the life of the capacitor 10a can be diagnosed with high accuracy.
  • the voltage value detection unit 161 detects the voltage value V1 of the capacitor 10 once between the time t1 and the time t2, and sets the voltage value V2 of the capacitor 10 by 1 between the time t3 and the time t4. Detected times. However, the voltage value detection unit 161 detects the voltage value V1 of the capacitor 10 a plurality of times between the time t1 and the time t2, and detects the voltage value V2 of the capacitor 10 a plurality of times between the time t3 and the time t4. You may.
  • the capacitance calculation unit 163 may calculate the capacitance of the capacitor 10 based on the average value of the voltage values V1 detected a plurality of times and the average value of the voltage values V2 detected a plurality of times.
  • the average value of the voltage values detected a plurality of times it is possible to further suppress the decrease in the accuracy of the life diagnosis due to the influence of noise, and the life of the capacitor 10 can be diagnosed with high accuracy. It should be noted that only one of the voltage value V1 and the voltage value V2 may be detected a plurality of times.
  • the power supply device 1 diagnoses the life of both the capacitor 10 and the capacitor 10a.
  • the power supply device 1 may diagnose the life of only one capacitor 10.
  • the power supply device 1 is provided with a switch 11b and a capacitor 10b connected in series between the wire L1 and the wire L2.
  • the switch control unit 162 turns on the switch 11b only when diagnosing the life of the capacitor 10, and turns off the switch 11b at other times.
  • the circuit configuration can be made simpler than that of the first embodiment while enabling the diagnosis of the life of the capacitor 10.
  • the switch 11b is turned on and the electric charge is accumulated in the capacitor 10b only when diagnosing the life of the capacitor 10, there is almost no possibility that the life of the capacitor 10b will expire before the capacitor 10.
  • the capacity calculation unit 163 calculates the capacity of the capacitor 10, and the life diagnosis unit 164 diagnoses the life of the capacitor 10 based on the calculated capacity.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 can also diagnose the life of the capacitor 10 without calculating the capacity of the capacitor 10 by the capacity calculation unit 163.
  • the elapsed time T2 and the resistance value R of the resistor 13 are known. Therefore, the capacitance C is determined based on the ratio of the voltage value V1 and the voltage value V2. Therefore, the life characteristic of the capacitor 10 can also be expressed by the relationship between the deterioration of the capacitor 10 and V1 / V2.
  • the life diagnosis unit 164 can diagnose the life of the capacitor 10 based on the voltage value V1 and the voltage value V2, not necessarily based on the capacitance of the capacitor 10.
  • the stable voltage value V2 of the capacitor 10 is detected by turning off the switch 12 at the time t3.
  • the voltage value of the capacitor 10 may be detected at time t3 without turning off the switch 12, and this voltage value may be set as the voltage value V2. Also in this case, since the voltage between both ends of the capacitor 10 at the start of discharge is stable, the life of the capacitor 10 can be diagnosed accurately.

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/036800 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 電源装置及び寿命診断方法 WO2021053798A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112019007629.9T DE112019007629T5 (de) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 Stromversorgungseinrichtung und Lebensdauer-Diagnoseverfahren
JP2020500673A JP6678845B1 (ja) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 電源装置及び寿命診断方法
CN201980100372.2A CN114375402B (zh) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 电源装置及寿命诊断方法
PCT/JP2019/036800 WO2021053798A1 (ja) 2019-09-19 2019-09-19 電源装置及び寿命診断方法
TW109109756A TWI748383B (zh) 2019-09-19 2020-03-24 電源裝置及壽命診斷方法

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WO2023188960A1 (ja) * 2022-03-28 2023-10-05 パナソニックエナジー株式会社 バックアップ電源

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