Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
  • A01N43/76—1,3-Oxazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
  • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
  • A01N31/04—Oxygen or sulfur attached to an aliphatic side-chain of a carbocyclic ring system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
  • A01N31/06—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to a cycloaliphatic ring system
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
  • A01N35/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof, directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. acetophenone; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
  • A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P1/00—Disinfectants; Antimicrobial compounds or mixtures thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P3/00—Fungicides
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K8/042—Gels
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K8/06—Emulsions
  • A61K8/062—Oil-in-water emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K8/06—Emulsions
  • A61K8/064—Water-in-oil emulsions, e.g. Water-in-silicone emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/34—Alcohols
  • A61K8/345—Alcohols containing more than one hydroxy group
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/35—Ketones, e.g. benzophenone
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
  • A61K8/368—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof with carboxyl groups directly bound to carbon atoms of aromatic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
  • A61K2800/40—Chemical, physico-chemical or functional or structural properties of particular ingredients
  • A61K2800/52—Stabilizers
  • A61K2800/524—Preservatives
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the present invention relates cosmetic compositions comprising a mixture of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and a preservative as well as to the use of said mixture as antimicrobial agent.
• Microorganisms lead to the decay of food and goods of daily use such as cosmetic products.
• the reduction of growth of microorganisms is thus essential to enhance shelf life (storage stability) of the product itself but also to assure consumers safety.
• a preservative is added to the respective products.
• the option of being able to reduce or even avoid such agents is a strong desire in the industries, in particular in the cosmetic industry, as topical compositions such as cremes and lotions, due to a relatively high water content, are particular prone to be attacked by microorganism.
• topical compositions such as cremes and lotions
• the present invention relates to topical compositions comprising 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof.
• the present invention relates to the use of a mixture of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof as a synergistic antimicrobial agent mixture (preservation booster).
• the invention relates to the use of a mixture of
• the present invention is directed to the use of a mixture of
• fungi such as in particular yeast or molds and/ or bacteria (gram-positive and/ or gram negative), most preferably of Escherichia Coli (E. Coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (P. aeruginosa), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Aspergillus brasiliensis (A. brasiliensis), and/ or Candida albicans (C. albicans) as well as mixtures thereof, in particular to enhance shelf-life and/ or storage stability of a topical composition.
• Escherichia Coli E. Coli
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa P. aeruginosa
• Staphylococcus aureus S. aureus
• Aspergillus brasiliensis A. brasiliensis
• Candida albicans C. albicans
• the invention relates to a method for killing and/ or inhibiting growth of microbial cells, in particular of fungi such as yeast and/ or molds and/ or bacterial cells, most in particular of E. Coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. brasiliensis, and/ or C. albicans as well as mixtures thereof, said method comprising contacting said microbial cells with a mixture of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof.
• the present invention relates a method of inhibiting or delaying microbial breakdown of a topical composition, wherein said method comprises the step of adding to the topical composition an effective amount of
• an effective amount refers to an amount necessary to obtain the desired antimicrobial effect.
• the effective amount may, of course, vary depending upon known factors, such as in particular the specifics of the cosmetic formula, but can be adjusted by a person skilled in the art within the amounts and ratios as specified herein.
• antimicrobial activity means a capability of killing and/or inhibiting the growth of microbial cells such as in particular bacterial and fungal cells (in particular mold and/ or yeast), for example, P. acnes, S. epidermis, M. furfur, A. brasiliensis, E. Coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. brasiliensis, and/ or C. albicans as well as mixtures thereof, preferably, however, of E. Coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. brasiliensis, and/ or C. albicans as well as mixtures thereof, preferably, however, of E. Coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. brasiliensis, and/ or C. albicans as well as mixtures thereof
• 1.4-Di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is a colorless to light yellow, solid, which can be prepared as e.g. outlined in WO200239972 or illustrated in the example.
• 1.4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is preferably used in micronized form, i.e. in the form of solid particles having a mean particle size of less than 1 pm.
• said micronized form exhibits a mean particle size of at most 300 nm. Even more preferably, the micronized
• 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene exhibits a mean particle size selected in the range from 50 to 300 nm, more preferably in the range from 100 to 300 nm, most preferably in the range from 120 to 280 nm, such as in the range from 140 to 240 nm or in the range from 150 to 220 nm.
• mean particle size refers to the mean number-based particle size distribution D n 50 (also known as D n 0.5) as determined by laser diffraction e.g. with a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 (ISO 13320:2009).
• micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene according to the present invention can be produced by standard micronization methods in the art as e.g. outlined in W09522959 and WO9703643 which are included herein by reference.
• the micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene according to the present invention may be used in powder form or as a dispersion thereof.
• the micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene according to the present invention can furthermore be in a crystalline or in a solid amorphous form. In all embodiments of the present invention it is preferred, that the micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’- yl)benzene is in a solid amorphous form.
• solid amorphous form refers to solid particles which are formed by fast formation/separation of a solid phase from a liquid phase in a solution or a mixture, so that the solid has no time to selectively form a crystal network and thus the obtained solid is in a predominantly disordered form (also referred to herein as ‘solid amorphous 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2'-yl)benzene’), which form can be unambiguously identified by XRPD analysis by not exhibiting a base line separation of the peaks at 25-28 °2Theta (Cu K-alpha Radiation) measured using a Bruker D8 Advance powder X-ray diffractometer in reflection (Bragg-Brentano) geometry with a LynxEye detector and Cu Ka radiation.
• the solid amorphous form of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is preferably prepared by a process encompassing the steps of (1) reacting terephthalic acid and 2-aminophenol to form 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2'- yl)benzene and (2) precipitating the thus obtained 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2'-yl)benzene, preferably in the presence of (ice) water to obtain solid amorphous 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene, which, in a consecutive step, is micronized according to standard methods in the art.
• the process can contain intermediate purification steps.
• the solid amorphous 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol- 2’-yl)benzene can be further purified by washing with a solvent, in which the 1 ,4- di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is only hardly or not soluble such as e.g. toluene and/ or an alcohol such as 1 -butanol without being limited thereto.
• the micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is used in form of an aqueous dispersion thereof as this eases the incorporation into the topical compositions.
• the amount of the 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene in such aqueous dispersions is preferably selected in the range from 10 to 90 wt.-%, 20 to 80 wt.-% or 30 to 70 wt-%, more preferably in the range from 25 to 60 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from 25 to 55 wt.-%, such as in the range from 25 to 50 wt.-%, in the range from 25 to 40 wt.-% or in the range from 25 to 35 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• the aqueous dispersion may furthermore contain one or more additives e.g. to facilitate micronization and/ or to stabilize the aqueous dispersion e.g. against sedimentation.
• the amount (total) of the one or more additives in the aqueous dispersion is preferably selected in the range from 0.01 to 25 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from 0.1 to 20 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from 0.5 to 15 wt.-%, such as in the range from 1 to 10 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• the at least one additive is preferably selected from the group of surface-active ingredients such as in particular anionic, non-ionic, amphoteric and cationic surfactants, anti-foam agents, salts, wetting agents and thickeners as well as mixtures thereof.
• alkyl polyglucosides having the generic formula C n H +n 0(C 6 HI O 05) X H, in which n is an integer selected in the range from 2 to 22 and x refers to the mean polymerization level of the glucoside moiety (mono-, di-, tri-, oligo-, and poly- glucoside).
• alkyl polyglucosides are e.g.
• the surface-active ingredient(s) are preferably used in an amount (total) selected in the range from 1 to 20 wt.-%, more preferably from 5 to 15 wt.-%, most preferably from 7 to 12.5 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• anti-foam agents to be used in the aqueous dispersions are silicone oils such as in particular polydimethylsiloxanes and/ or silicon anti-foam agents such as in particular anhydrous dispersions of pyrogenic or hydrophobized silica in silicone oils.
• the anti-foam agent is simethicone. If present, such anti-foam agent(s) are preferably used in an amount (total) selected in the range from 0 to 1 wt.-%, more preferably in an amount of 0.01 to 0.2 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• Suitable salts to be used in the aqueous dispersions include alkali and earth alkaline salts of phosphate, hydroxide such as e.g. disodium hydrogen phosphate and/ or sodium hydroxide. If present, the salt or mixtures thereof (total amount) are preferably used in amounts from 0.01 to 5 wt.-, more preferably from 0.1 to 4 wt.-%, most preferably from 0.5 to 2.5 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• thickeners to be used in the aqueous dispersions encompass xanthan gum, gellan gum and/ or carboxymethylcellulose. Most preferably the thickener is xanthan gum or gellan gum. If present, such thickener(s) are preferably used in an amount (total) selected in the range from 0.1 to 1 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.5 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• Particularly suitable wetting agents to be used in the aqueous dispersions are (poly)propyleneglycol such as most preferably propyleneglycol. If present, the amount of such wetting agent(s) is preferably selected in the range from 0.1 to 1 wt.-%, more preferably in an amount of 0.2 to 0.6 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the aqueous dispersion.
• an aqueous dispersion consisting essentially of the micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene, water and optionally at least one additive with all the definitions and preferences as given herein is used.
• the aqueous dispersions consist essentially of
• the term ‘consists essentially of as used according to the present invention means that the amounts of the ingredients (i) to (iv) sum up to 100 wt.-%, which is adjusted with the amount of water (iv). It is, however, not excluded that small amount of impurities or additives may be present which are, for example, introduced via the respective raw materials of the ingredients.
• the aqueous dispersions contain as additives (iii) propyleneglycol, one thickener selected from xanthan gum or gellan gum and optionally simethicone.
• the topical compositions preferably comprise the 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene in an amount selected in the range from about 0.1 to 20 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from about 0.25 to 15 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from about 0.3 to 10 wt.-%, such as in the range from about 0.3 to 7.5 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition (and always based on the active). Further suitable ranges encompass 0.25 to 10 wt.-%, 0.25 to 7.5 wt.-%, 0.25 to 5 wt.-%, 1 to 7.5 wt.-% as well as 1 to 5 wt.-%.
• hydroxyacetophenone refers to o-, m- or p-hydroxyacetophenone. Particularly preferred in all embodiments of the present invention is p-hydroxyacetophenone [CAS 99-93-4] which is also called 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- ethanone and which is e.g. commercially available at Symrise as SymSave® H.
• the topical compositions preferably comprise the hydroxyacetophenone in an amount selected in the range from 0.001 to 5 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from 0.01 to 4 wt-%, most preferably in the range from 0.1 to 3 wt-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Further preferred ranges are 0.005 to 4.5 wt-%, 0.05 to 4 wt-%, and 0.25 to 3 wt-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• Alkane diols such as in particular straight chain and branched Ci-i 0 alkane diols are well known preservation boosters for cosmetic applications.
• Particularly suitable alkane diols according to the present invention encompass straight chain 1 ,2-, I rrespectively 1 ,4-alkane diols which comprise from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, e.g., from about 3 to about 8 carbon atoms, or from about 3 to about 7 carbon atoms, such as in particular 1 ,2-propane diol, 1 ,3-propanediol, 1 ,4-butanediol, 1 ,2-pentanediol, 1 ,2-hexanediol, 1 ,2-octanediol and 1,2-decanediol.
• alkane diol in all embodiments of the present invention is 1 ,3-propandiol [CAS 504-63-2] which is e.g. commercially available under the tradename ZemeaTM Propandiol at DuPont Tate & Lyle Bioproducts.
• the topical compositions preferably comprise the alkanediol in an amount selected in the range from 0.01 to 6 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from 0.1 to 5 wt-%, most preferably in the range from 0.5 to 4 wt-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Further preferred ranges are 0.5 to 3.5 wt-% and 0.5 to 3 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• Benzoic acid as well as salts thereof are well known preservatives commonly used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.
• Preferred salts are the potassium or sodium salts, most preferably the sodium salt.
• Particularly preferred in all embodiments of the present invention is the use of benzoic acid [CAS 65-85-0] and/ or sodium benzoate [CAS 532-32-1], most preferably of sodium benzoate which is e.g. commercially available at Emerald Kalama Chemicals under the trade name Purox® S Grains.
• the topical composition preferably comprises the benzoic acid or a salt thereof in an amount selected in the range from 0.001 to 6 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from 0.01 to 4 wt-%, most preferably in the range from 0.1 to 3 wt-%, based on the total weight of the composition. Further preferred ranges encompass 0.1 to 1 wt-% and 0.1 to 0.8 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• the weight ratio of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene to the at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof is preferably selected in the range of between 40:1 to 1 :40, more preferred between 30:1 to 1 :30, even more preferred between 20:1 and 1 :20 such as in the range of 15:1 to 1 :15 or 15:1 to 1 :10.
• the weight-ratio is selected in the range of between 30:1 to 1 :2, such as between 25:1 to 1 :1.
• the weight-ratio is selected in the range of between 15 to 1 to 1 to 5, such as between 10:1 to 1 to 1 :3.
• the weight-ratio is selected in the range of between 30:1 to 1 :1 , more preferably between 25:1 to 1 :1.
• the weight-ratio of 1,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene to the at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof is > 0.5, more preferably > 0.75, most preferably > 1 .
• the compound is selected from hydroxyacetophenone and/ or the benzoic acid or a salt thereof, it is also advantageous to use the 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene in an excess, i.e. in an amount higher than the amount of the hydroxyacetophenone and/ or the benzoic acid or a salt thereof such as in a weight-ratio larger than 1 , more preferably in a weight-ratio of at least 1.25, most preferably in a weight ratio of at least 2.
• the synergistic anti-microbial activity of the mixture of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof it can be used in a multiplicity of formulations such as, for example, a lotion, a creme or a gel.
• the amount of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene employed according to the present invention is preferably selected in the range from 0.1 to 20 wt.-%, more preferably in the range from about 0.25 to 15 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from about 0.5 to 10 wt.-%, such as in the range from 0.3 to 7.5 wt.-% (always based on the active). Further suitable ranges encompass 0.25 to 10 wt.-%, 0.25 to 7.5 wt.-%, 0.25 to 5 wt.- %, 1 to 7.5 wt.-% as well as 1 to 5 wt.-%.
• the use according to the present invention can be a technical use such as to reduce or prevent microbial growth in topical compositions, for example to enhance shelf-life and/ or storage stability.
• the use optionally encompasses the step of appreciating the effect compared to a respective product not containingl ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene.
• the use according to the invention of the mixture of 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof can take place in a cosmetic or pharmaceutical sense.
• a pharmaceutical application is conceivable, for example, in the case of a specific anti-microbial therapy.
• a cosmetic application is conceivable, for example, for maintaining a healthy skin homeostasis and/ or for balancing the skin microbiome by reducing the number of unwanted microbes such as . Coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, A. brasiliensis, and/ or C. albicans on the skin.
• the use is preferably technical or cosmetic (non-therapeutic).
• topical compositions according to the present invention are preferably cosmetic, dermatological or pharmaceutical compositions which are topically applied to mammalian keratinous tissue such as in particular to human skin or the human scalp and hair.
• Particularly preferred topical compositions in all embodiments of the present invention are cosmetic compositions.
• cosmetic composition refers to cosmetic compositions as defined under the heading "Kosmetika” in Rompp Lexikon Chemie, 10th edition 1997, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart, New York as well as to cosmetic compositions as disclosed in A. Domsch, "Cosmetic Compositions", Verlag fiir chemische Industrie (ed. H. Ziolkowsky), 4 th edition, 1992.
• compositions according to the present invention preferably further comprise a physiologically acceptable medium, that is to say a medium compatible with keratinous substances, such as the skin, mucosa, and keratinous fibers.
• a physiologically acceptable medium is a cosmetically acceptable carrier.
• cosmetically acceptable carrier refers to all carriers and/or excipients and/ or diluents conventionally used in cosmetic compositions such as in particular oils (cosmetic oils), water, surfactants, emulsifiers, thickeners.
• the topical compositions according to the present invention are generally prepared by admixing the 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and the at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof in the amounts indicated herein with a suitable carrier.
• a suitable carrier will depend upon the actual level of the 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene and the at least one compound selected from the group of hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof and any other optional ingredients that one of ordinary skill in the art would classify as distinct from the carrier (e.g., other active ingredients).
• the cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention comprise from about 50% to about 99%, preferably from about 60% to about 98%, more preferably from about 70% to about 98%, such as in particular from about 80% to about 95% of a carrier, based on the total weight of the cosmetic composition.
• the carrier consists furthermore of at least 40 wt.-%, more preferably of at least 50 wt.-%, most preferably of at least 55 wt.-% of water, such as in particular of about 55 to about 90 wt.-% of water.
• compositions of the invention may comprise conventional adjuvants and additives, such as preservatives/antioxidants, fatty substances/oils, organic solvents, silicones, thickeners, softeners, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, aesthetic components such as fragrances, surfactants, fillers, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric polymers or mixtures thereof, propellants, acidifying or basifying agents, dyes, colorings/colorants, abrasives, absorbents, chelating agents and/ or sequestering agents, essential oils, skin sensates, astringents, pigments or any other ingredients usually formulated into such compositions.
• adjuvants and additives such as preservatives/antioxidants, fatty substances/oils, organic solvents, silicones, thickeners, softeners, emulsifiers, antifoaming agents, aesthetic components such as fragrances, surfactants, fillers, anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric
• compositions according to the invention may also comprise further cosmetically active ingredients conventionally used in cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions.
• active ingredients encompass skin lightening agents; UV-filters, agents for the treatment of hyperpigmentation; agents for the prevention or reduction of inflammation; firming, moisturizing, soothing, and/ or energizing agents as well as agents to improve elasticity and skin barrier.
• cosmetic excipients examples include cosmetic excipients, diluents, adjuvants, additives as well as active ingredients commonly used in the skin care industry which are suitable for use in the cosmetic compositions of the present invention are for example described in the International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary & Handbook by Personal Care Product Council (http://www.personalcarecouncil.org/), accessible by the online INFO BASE (http://online.personalcarecouncil.org/jsp/Home.jsp), without being limited thereto.
• the necessary amounts of the active ingredients as well as the excipients, diluents, adjuvants, additives etc. can, based on the desired product form and application, easily be determined by the skilled person.
• the additional ingredients can either be added to the oily phase, the aqueous phase or separately as deemed appropriate.
• the cosmetically active ingredients useful herein can in some instances provide more than one benefit or operate via more than one mode of action.
• the topical compositions according to the invention are in the form of a suspension or dispersion in solvents or fatty substances, or alternatively in the form of an emulsion or micro emulsion (in particular of 0/W- or W/O-type), PIT-emulsion, nano emulsion, multiple emulsion (e. g. O/W/O- or W/O/W-type), pickering emulsion, hydrogel, lipogel, one- or multiphase solution or vesicular dispersion.
• an emulsion or micro emulsion in particular of 0/W- or W/O-type
• PIT-emulsion nano emulsion
• multiple emulsion e. g. O/W/O- or W/O/W-type
• pickering emulsion hydrogel, lipogel, one- or multiphase solution or vesicular dispersion.
• the cosmetic compositions according to the present invention are emulsions and/ or gels.
• the topical compositions are emulsions which contain an oily phase and an aqueous phase such as in particular 0/W, W/0, Si/W, W/Si, O/W/O, W/O/W multiple or a pickering emulsions.
• the amount of the oily phase (i.e. the phase containing all oils and fats including the polar oils) present in such emulsions is preferably at least 10 wt.-%, such as in the range from 10 to 60 wt.-%, preferably in the range from 15 to 50 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from 15 to 40 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the topical composition.
• the amount of the aqueous phase present in such emulsions is preferably at least 20 wt.-%, such as in the range from 20 to 90 wt.-%, preferably in the range from 30 to 80 wt.-%, most preferably in the range from 30 to 70 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the topical composition.
• the topical compositions in accordance with the invention can be in the form of a liquid, lotion, a thickened lotion, a gel, a cream, a milk, an ointment or a paste.
• the topical compositions according to the invention have a pH in the range from 3- 10, preferably in the range from pH of 3-8, most preferred in the range from pH 3-7.5.
• the pH is adjusted by methods known to a person skilled in the art, e.g. by using an acid such as a hydroxy acid including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, citric acid and tartaric acid or a base such as e.g. sodium or potassium hydroxide or ammonium hydroxide as well as mixtures thereof.
• the acid or base if present, is used in an amount of at least 0.0001 wt.-%, such as e.g. in an amount of 0.01-1 wt.-%, in particular in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt.-%.
• the topical compositions according to the present invention may comprise an additional preservative or preservation booster.
• suitable preservatives or preservation booster in all embodiments of the present invention are sorbic acid, potasssium sorbate, dehydroacetic acid, caprylhydroxamic acid, alcohol, alcohol denat., monoglycerides such as glyceryl laurate, propylene glycol caprylate, propylene glycol heptanoate as well as mixtures thereof.
• the additional preservative and/ or preservation booster is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 2 wt.-%, more preferably in an amount of 0.05 to 1.5 wt.-%, most preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 1.0 wt.-%, based on the total weight of the composition.
• topical compositions according to the present invention are free of any parabenes, benzethoniumchlorid, piroctone olamine, lauroylarginat, methylisothiazolinon, chlormethylisothiazolinon, bronopol, benzalkoniumchloride, formaldeh releasing compounds, salicylic acid, triclosan, DMDM hydantoin, chlorphenesin and IPBC (lodopropinylbutyl carbamate).
• topical compositions according to the present invention do not comprise a hyperbranched copolymer, such as in particular a hyperbranched of the monomers dodecenyl succinic acid anhydride, diisopropanol amine, bis-dimethylaminopropyl amine having terminal groups of formula
• the topical compositions according to the present invention are in particular skin care preparations, functional preparations and/ or hair care preparations such as most in particularly skin care preparations.
• Examples of skin care preparations are, in particular, light protective preparations (sunscreen preparations), anti-ageing preparations, preparations for the treatment of photo-ageing, body oils, body lotions, body gels, treatment creams, skin protection ointments, moisturizing preparations such as moisturizing gels or moisturizing sprays, face and/or body moisturizers, as well as skin lightening preparations.
• light protective preparations unsunscreen preparations
• anti-ageing preparations preparations for the treatment of photo-ageing
• body oils body lotions, body gels, treatment creams, skin protection ointments
• moisturizing preparations such as moisturizing gels or moisturizing sprays
• face and/or body moisturizers as well as skin lightening preparations.
• Examples of functional preparations are cosmetic compositions containing active ingredients such as hormone preparations, vitamin preparations, vegetable extract preparations, anti-ageing preparations, and/or antimicrobial (antibacterial or antifungal) preparations without being limited thereto.
• hair care preparations which are suitable according to the invention and which may be mentioned are shampoos, hair conditioners (also referred to as hair rinses, hairdressing compositions, hair tonics, hair regenerating compositions, hair lotions, water wave lotions, hair sprays, hair creams, hair gels, hair oils, hair pomades or hair brilliantines. Accordingly, these are always preparations which are applied to the hair and the scalp for a shorter or longer time depending on the actual purpose for which they are used.
• hair conditioners also referred to as hair rinses, hairdressing compositions, hair tonics, hair regenerating compositions, hair lotions, water wave lotions, hair sprays, hair creams, hair gels, hair oils, hair pomades or hair brilliantines. Accordingly, these are always preparations which are applied to the hair and the scalp for a shorter or longer time depending on the actual purpose for which they are used.
• the topical compositions according to the present invention are advantageously O/W emulsions, W/O emulsions and/ or gels. Furthermore, the topical compositions in the form of O/W emulsions, W/O emulsions and/ or gels according to the present invention are skin care preparation intended for protecting the skin against the harmful effects of UV irradiation, for maintaining a healthy skin homeostasis and/ or for maintaining skin microbiome balance.
• the skin care preparation is a sun care preparation. It is preferred that said sun care preparation comprises at least one UV filter.
• the UV filter may be a liquid or solid UV filter.
• the UV filter may be a UV-A or UV-B filters.
• Suitable liquid UV-filter absorb light in the UVB (280 - 315 nm) and/ or UVA (315 - 400 nm) range and are liquid at ambient temperature (i.e. 25°C).
• Such liquid UV-filter are well known to a person in the art and encompass in particular cinnamates such as e.g. octyl methoxycinnamate (PARSOL® MCX) and isoamyl methoxycinnamate (Neo Heliopan® E 1000), salicylates such as e.g.
• ethylhexyl salicylate also known as ethylhexyl salicylate, 2 ethylhexyl 2-hydroxybenzoate, PARSOL® EHS
• acrylates such as e.g. octocrylene (2 ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate, PARSOL® 340) and ethyl 2-cyano-3,3 diphenylacrylate
• esters of benzalmalonic acid such as in particular dialkyl benzalmalonates such as e.g.
• di (2-ethylhexyl) 4- methoxybenz-'ahmalonate and polysilicone 15 PARSOL® SLX
• dialkylester of naphthalates such as e.g. diethylhexyl 2,6-naphthalate (Corapan® TQ)
• syringylidene maknna-'tes such as e.g. diethylhexyl syringylidene malonate (Oxynex® ST liquid) as well as benzotriazolyl dodecyl p-cresol (Tinoguard® TL) as well as benzophenone-3 and drometrizole trisiloxane.
• Particular advantageous liquid UV-filter are octyl methoxycinnamate, homosalate, ethylhexyl salicylate, octocrylene, diethylhexyl 2,6-naphthalate, diethylhexyl syringylidene malonate, benzotriazolyl dodecyl p-cresol, benzo-phenone-3, drometrizole trisiloxane, Polysilicone-15 as well as mixtures thereof.
• Suitable solid UV-filter absorb light in the UVB and/ or UVA range and are solid at ambient temperature (i.e. 25°C). They are particularly solid organic UV filters. Particularly suited solid UV-filters are of the group consisting of bis-ethyl- hexyhoxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, butyl methoxydibenzoyl methane, methylene bis-benzotriazolyl tetramethylbutylphenol, diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate, ethylhexyl triazone, diethylhexyl butamido triazone, and 4-methyhbenzylhdene camphor.
• the amount of an individual organic UV filter is preferably in the range of 0.1 to about 10 % by weight, preferable in the range of 0.5 to 7.5 % by weight, most preferably in the range of 1 to 5 % by weight, based on the total weight of the sun care preparation.
• the total amount of organic UV filter (s) depends strongly on the targeted UV protection of said composition and is typically in the range of between 1 to 50% by weight, preferably between 5 to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of said sun care preparation.
• a sun care preparation with an SPF 30, for example, comprises preferably a total amount of organic UV filter (s) of between 10 to 40% by weight, more preferably between 15 and 25 % by weight, based on the total weight of said sun care preparation.
• a sun care preparation with an SPF 50 comprises preferably a total amount of organic UV filter (s) of between 15 to 50% by weight, more preferably between 20 and 40 % by weight, based on the total weight of said sun care preparation.
• 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzen has, hence, a synergistic effect on the antimicrobial action of a hydroxyacetophenone, an alkanediol and benzoic acid or a salt thereof, particularly in a cosmetic composition. It has been further observed that the antimicrobial action is particularly pronounced in aqueous systems. This is very advantageous as it is known that it is typically the water phase of a product which is most susceptible to microbial growth.
• a mixture of 702 g polyphosphoric acid and 4.28 ml methanesulfonic acid was heated to 90°C. 65 g terephthalic acid and 107 g 2-aminophenol were added. The mixture was stirred under inert atmosphere at 180°C for 8 hours and then transferred to ice water. The precipitated product was filtered and washed with water and acetic acid. The precipitate was dispersed in water and the pH adjusted to 8.0 with sodium hydroxide, filtered and washed with water.
• DBO aq. a 30% aqueous dispersion of micronized 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2'-yl)benzene (in the following referred to as DBO aq.) was obtained which was used in the antimicrobial tests and formulations as outlined below.
• the antimicrobial efficacy was assessed in analogy to the regulatory challenge test method (NF EN IS011930).
• mixtures of the respective active(s) with physiological serum with 0.85 wt.-% NaCI in the concentrations as outlined below are prepared under sterile conditions.
• Controls were also prepared under sterile conditions.
• the control as well as the mixtures were then deposed in 96-deep well plates (1.6 ml/well).
• the wells were contaminated with the respective bacterial or the fungal strains at 2.5*10 5 to 5.6*10 5 cfu/ml for the bacteria and 1 *10 4 to 2.5*10 4 cfu/ml for the fungi to obtain the initial contamination as outlined below.
• each well was thoroughly mixed to ensure a homogeneous distribution of microbes. Then each plate was incubated at 22°C for 24h. The counting of the (remaining) population is carried out 24h after contamination. Then, the average log reduction is calculated [-Iog10 ⁇ (value inoculum)/ (value sample) ⁇ ] which is represented in tables 1-5.
• 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene has an antimicrobial effect over a broad range of microbes and can thus be used as preservation booster. Since it is known that typically the water phase of a product is most susceptible to microbial growth, 1 ,4-di(benzoxazol-2’-yl)benzene is thus particularly suitable to protect products comprising a water phase such as e.g. cosmetic compositions in the form of an O/W or W/O emulsion against microbial decay and breakdown and is thus suitable for improving its preservation.
• Table 3 Synergistic effect with p-Hydroxyacetophenone (HAP)
• DBO synergistically enhances the antimicrobial activity of p-Hydroxyacetophenone.

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