WO2021047683A1 - 一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器 - Google Patents

一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021047683A1
WO2021047683A1 PCT/CN2020/123055 CN2020123055W WO2021047683A1 WO 2021047683 A1 WO2021047683 A1 WO 2021047683A1 CN 2020123055 W CN2020123055 W CN 2020123055W WO 2021047683 A1 WO2021047683 A1 WO 2021047683A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
hub
airfoil
center
distance
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PCT/CN2020/123055
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海浪
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深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021047683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021047683A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/04Helicopters
    • B64C27/12Rotor drives
    • B64C27/14Direct drive between power plant and rotor hub
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/32Rotors
    • B64C27/46Blades
    • B64C27/467Aerodynamic features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/32Rotors
    • B64C27/46Blades
    • B64C27/473Constructional features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64DEQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of aircraft, in particular to a propeller, a power assembly and an aircraft.
  • Unmanned aerial vehicle is an unmanned aerial vehicle that uses radio remote control equipment and built-in programs to control its flight attitude. It is now widely used in military and civilian fields.
  • the propeller is an important component of the UAV and the main power source for the hovering and maneuvering of the UAV.
  • the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller directly affects the hovering time of the UAV.
  • the main purpose of the utility model is to provide a propeller, a power assembly and an aircraft, aiming to improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller and prolong the hovering time of the aircraft.
  • the present invention provides a propeller, the propeller includes a hub and blades connected to the hub, the radius of the hub is R 1 , and the radius of the propeller is R 2 ;
  • the chord length of the blade is 15 mm ⁇ 1 mm, and the torsion angle is 18° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length of the blade is 28 mm ⁇ 1 mm, and the torsion angle is 25° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length of the blade is 20 mm ⁇ 1 mm, and the torsion angle is 12° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length of the blade is 10 mm ⁇ 1 mm, and the torsion angle is 10° ⁇ 0.5°.
  • the diameter of the propeller is 230mm ⁇ 10mm;
  • the chord length of the blade is 28 mm, and the twist angle is 25°;
  • the chord length of the blade is 20 mm, and the torsion angle is 12°;
  • the chord length of the blade is 10 mm, and the twist angle is 10°.
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 13% ⁇ 1%
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 8% ⁇ 1%
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil is the ratio of the maximum thickness of the airfoil of the blade to the chord length of the airfoil.
  • the diameter of the propeller is 230mm ⁇ 10mm;
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 8%;
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil is the ratio of the maximum thickness of the airfoil of the blade to the chord length of the airfoil.
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 25% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 32% ⁇ 0.5% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 25% of the chord length from the leading edge
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 32% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 3.5% ⁇ 1%
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil is the ratio of the maximum camber of the arc line of the airfoil of the blade to the chord length.
  • the diameter of the propeller is 230mm ⁇ 10mm;
  • the maximum relative curvature of the airfoil of the blade is 30% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge;
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 42% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 30% of the chord length from the leading edge
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 42% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the propeller diameter is 230mm ⁇ 10mm, the radius of the hub of the slurry R 1 is 7.5mm;
  • the distance between the widest position of the blade chord and the center of the hub is 30 mm ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 5%.
  • the present invention provides a power assembly, which includes:
  • the hub of the propeller is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor.
  • an aircraft which includes:
  • An arm connected to the fuselage;
  • the power assembly is installed on the arm.
  • chord length and torsion angle distribution of the set blades can effectively ensure that the blades have the best working performance and can effectively improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller.
  • the propeller When the propeller is applied to an aircraft, it can effectively improve the suspension of the aircraft. Stop time.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the propeller provided by the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the propeller in Fig. 1 from a first perspective;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the propeller in Fig. 1 from a second perspective;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the blade of the propeller in Figure 1, showing various parameters related to the airfoil of the blade;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power assembly provided by the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the aircraft provided by the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it can be a fixed connection or an optional connection.
  • Detachable connection, or integral connection it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • connection can be a fixed connection or an optional connection.
  • Detachable connection, or integral connection it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present utility model can be understood under specific circumstances.
  • the propeller 10 includes a hub 101 and blades 103 connected to the hub 101, wherein the blades 103 are at least two and are evenly arranged around the hub 101.
  • the hub 101 is used to connect with an external driving device to rotate the paddle 103 under the driving of the driving device.
  • the hub 101 and the blade 103 can be integrally formed, or they can be fixed by screws or pins to achieve a detachable connection.
  • FIGS. 2-4 Please refer to FIGS. 2-4.
  • the improvement to the blade 103 of the propeller 10 provided by the embodiment of the present utility model will be described in terms of the airfoil distribution, the twist angle distribution and the chord length distribution of the propeller 10 respectively.
  • the radius of the hub 101 of the propeller 10 is R 1
  • the radius of the propeller 10 is R 2. It can be deduced from this that the radius of the blade 103 of the propeller 10 is R 2 -R 1 .
  • the distance between any section of the blade 103 and the center of the hub 101 is represented by L 1
  • the chord length at any section of the blade 103 is represented by L 2
  • the chord length L 2 refers to the length of the chord line x at this section.
  • the chord line x refers to the line between the end of the front edge 1031 of the blade 103 at the leftmost end on the section and the end of the rear edge 1032 at the rightmost end on the section.
  • a series of inscribed circles tangent to the upper and lower arcs are made inside the airfoil.
  • the connection between the centers of the circles is called the middle arc h of the airfoil, and the diameter of the largest inscribed circle is called the maximum airfoil. Thickness d.
  • the maximum distance between the middle arc h and the chord line x is called the maximum camber w of the airfoil, and the airfoil with the maximum camber w of zero is called a symmetrical airfoil, in which the arc and the chord line coincide.
  • the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil is defined as the ratio of the maximum thickness d of the airfoil to the chord length L 2 , that is, d/L 2 ;
  • the maximum relative camber of the airfoil is defined as the maximum camber w of the airfoil and the chord length L 2 The ratio of, that is, w/L 2 .
  • the torsion angle ⁇ also known as the torsion angle or blade angle, refers to the angle between the chord line x of the propeller 10 and the rotation plane of the propeller 10, and its changing law is one of the main factors affecting the performance of the propeller.
  • chord length and torsion angle parameters of the blade 102 are arranged as follows:
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 15mm ⁇ 1mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 18° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 28mm ⁇ 1mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 25° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 20mm ⁇ 1mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 12° ⁇ 0.5°;
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 10 mm ⁇ 1 mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 10° ⁇ 0.5°.
  • chord length L 2 and torsion angle ⁇ of the blade 103 set above can effectively ensure that the blade 103 has the best working performance, and can generate greater tension on the propeller of the same size, and can effectively The aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller 10 is improved.
  • the hovering time of the aircraft can be effectively increased.
  • the diameter of the propeller 10 and the chord length and torsion angle of the blade 102 are specifically designed as follows:
  • the diameter of the propeller 10 is 230 mm ⁇ 10 mm, and the radius R 1 of the hub 101 is 7.5 mm.
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 15 mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 18°.
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 28 mm, and the twist angle ⁇ is 25°.
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 20 mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 12°.
  • the chord length L 2 of the blade 103 is 10 mm, and the torsion angle ⁇ is 10°.
  • the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil of the blade 103 is set as follows:
  • the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil shape of the blade 103 is 13% ⁇ 1% at a distance of R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101.
  • the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 8% ⁇ 1%.
  • the position of the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil profile of the blade 103 at the position R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101 is 25% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the position of the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 32% ⁇ 0.5% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade 103 can be effectively ensured.
  • the propeller 10, the diameter and the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil are specifically designed as follows:
  • the diameter of the propeller is 230mm ⁇ 10mm.
  • the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 13% at a distance of R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101.
  • the maximum relative thickness d of the airfoil of the blade is 8%.
  • the position of the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil profile of the blade 103 at the position R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101 is the chord length 25% from the leading edge.
  • the position of the maximum relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 103 is the chord length 32% from the leading edge.
  • the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil of the blade 103 is set as follows:
  • the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil profile of the blade 103 is 3.5% ⁇ 1% at a distance of R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101.
  • the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 5.5% ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the position of the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil shape of the blade 103 at the position R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101 is 30% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the position of the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 42% ⁇ 1% of the chord length from the leading edge.
  • the diameter of the propeller 10 and the distribution of the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil are specifically designed as follows:
  • the diameter of the propeller is 230mm ⁇ 10mm;
  • the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil profile of the blade 103 is 3.5% at a distance from the center of the hub 101 at R 1 to R 2 ⁇ 15%.
  • the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil of the blade 103 is 5.5%.
  • the position of the maximum relative camber w of the airfoil shape of the blade 103 at the position R 1 ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 15% from the center of the hub 101 is the chord length 30% from the leading edge.
  • the diameter of the propeller 10 is 230 mm ⁇ 10 mm, the radius R 1 of the hub 101 is 7.5 mm; the distance between the widest position of the chord length of the blade 103 and the center of the hub 103 is 30 mm ⁇ R 2 ⁇ 5% .
  • the present invention also provides a power assembly 100, which includes a driving motor 20 and the aforementioned propeller 10 driven by the driving motor 20.
  • the driving assembly 100 can be applied to an aircraft.
  • the propeller 10 is mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 20, and the propeller 10 is driven by the driving motor 20 to rotate to generate lift or thrust for the aircraft to fly.
  • the driving motor 20 may be any suitable type of motor, such as a brushed motor, a brushless motor, a DC motor, a stepper motor, an AC induction motor, and so on.
  • the propeller 10 can be installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 20 in such a way that the output shaft of the drive motor 20 is provided with an external thread corresponding to the internal thread. Through the cooperation of the internal thread and the external thread, the propeller 10 and the drive The threaded connection of the motor 20.
  • the present invention also provides an aircraft 200 that includes a fuselage 60, an arm 70 connected to the fuselage 60, and the aforementioned power assembly 100 installed on the arm 70.
  • the power assembly 100 may be one or more, that is, the aircraft 200 may be any aircraft that requires propellers to provide power, which is not limited here.
  • the aircraft 200 is also provided with a control component 40 and a sensor component 50, wherein the sensor component 50 is electrically connected to the control component 40 for acquiring various flight parameters of the aircraft 10 and outputting the acquired flight parameters to the control component 40, Among them, the flight parameters can be flight attitude, flight speed, flight altitude and so on.
  • the control component 40 is electrically connected to the power component 100 for adjusting the flight attitude of the aircraft 200 according to the flight parameters acquired by the sensor component 50.
  • control component 40 may also be in communication with a terminal device (not shown), and receive control instructions from the terminal device to control the flight attitude of the aircraft 200 according to the control instructions.
  • the terminal device may be a smart phone. , Remote control or computer.
  • chord length and torsion angle distribution of the set blades can effectively ensure that the blades have the best working performance and can effectively improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller.
  • the propeller When the propeller is applied to an aircraft, it can effectively improve the suspension of the aircraft. Stop time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种螺旋桨(10)、动力组件(100)及飞行器(200),其中,所述螺旋桨(10)包括桨毂(101)以及与所述桨毂(101)连接的桨叶(103),所述桨毂(101)的半径为R 1,所述螺旋桨(10)的半径为R 2,在距离所述桨毂(101)中心为R 2×15%处,所述桨叶(103)的弦长为15mm±1mm,扭转角为18°±0.5°;在距离所述桨毂(101)中心为R 2×30%处,所述桨叶(103)的弦长为28mm±1mm,扭转角为25°±0.5°;在距离所述桨毂(101)中心为R 2×75%处,所述桨叶(103)的弦长为20mm±1mm,扭转角为12°±0.5°;在距离所述桨毂(101)中心为R 2×100%处,所述桨叶(103)的弦长为10mm±1mm,扭转角为10°±0.5°。该螺旋桨(10)具有较优的气动效率,该动力组件(100)采用上述螺旋桨(10),该飞行器(200)采用上述动力组件(100)。

Description

一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器 技术领域
本实用新型涉及飞行器领域,尤其涉及一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器。
背景技术
无人机是一种通过无线电遥控设备和内置的程序来控制飞行姿态的不载人飞行器,现已广泛应用在军事及民用领域。螺旋桨是无人机的重要部件,是无人机悬停和机动飞行主要的动力来源,螺旋桨的气动效率直接影响无人机的悬停时间。
因此,如何提升螺旋桨的气动效率,以延长无人机等飞行器的悬停时间是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的主要目的在于提供一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器,旨在提升螺旋桨的气动效率,延长飞行器的悬停时间。
为实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨包括浆毂以及与所述浆毂连接的桨叶,所述浆毂的半径为R 1,所述螺旋桨的半径为R 2
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的弦长为15mm±1mm,扭转角为18°±0.5°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×30%处,所述桨叶的弦长为28mm±1mm,扭转角为25°±0.5°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×75%处,所述桨叶的弦长为20mm±1mm,扭转角为12°±0.5°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的弦长为10mm±1mm,扭转角为10°±0.5°。
优选地,所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的弦长为15mm,扭转角为18°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×30%处,所述桨叶的弦长为28mm,扭转角为 25°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×75%处,所述桨叶的弦长为20mm,扭转角为12°;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的弦长为10mm,扭转角为10°。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为13%±1%;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为8%±1%;
其中,所述翼型最大相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的最大厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
优选地,所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为13%;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为8%;
其中,所述翼型最大相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的最大厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘25%±1%的弦长处;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘32%±0.5%的弦长处。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘25%的弦长处;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘32%的弦长处。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为3.5%±1%;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为5.5%±0.5%;
其中,所述翼型最大相对弯度为所述桨叶的翼型的中弧线的最大弯度与弦长的比值。
优选地,所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为3.5%;
在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为5.5%。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘30%±1%的弦长处;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘42%±1%的弦长处。
优选地,在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘30%的弦长处;
在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘42%的弦长处。
优选地,所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm,所述浆毂的半径R 1为7.5mm;
所述桨叶弦长最宽位置与所述浆毂的中心的距离为30mm±R 2×5%。
为实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种动力组件,所述动力组件包括:
驱动电机;以及
前述的螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨的桨毂与所述驱动电机的输出轴连接。
为实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种飞行器,所述飞行器包括:
机身;
机臂,与所述机身相连;以及
前述的动力组件,所述动力组件安装于所述机臂。
与现有设计相比,本实用新型提供的螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器具有以下优点:
1、通过设置的桨叶的弦长和扭转角的分布,能够有效保证桨叶具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨的气动效率,在该螺旋桨应用于飞行器时,可以有效提高飞行器的悬停时间。
2、通过设置该桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度的分布,能够有效保证桨叶的气动效率。
3、通过设置的翼型最大相对弯度,可以有效提升桨叶的气动效率。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型第一实施例提供的螺旋桨的立体结构示意图;
图2为图1中螺旋桨的第一视角的结构示意图;
图3为图1中螺旋桨的第二视角的结构示意图;
图4为图1中螺旋桨的桨叶的横截面图,图中示出与桨叶的翼型有关的各个参数;
图5本实用新型第二实施例提供的动力组件立体结构示意图;
图6本实用新型第三实施例提供的飞行器的结构示意图;
具体实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本实用新型,并不用于限定本实用新型。基于本实用新型中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
在本实用新型的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本实用新型的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中 的具体含义。
请参阅图1,螺旋桨10包括浆毂101以及与浆毂101连接的桨叶103,其中桨叶103至少为两片,且均匀布设于浆毂101的四周。浆毂101用于与外部的驱动装置连接以在驱动装置带动下使得桨叶103旋转。该浆毂101和桨叶103可以为一体成型,也可以是螺丝或销轴将两者固定,实现可拆卸连接。
请参阅图2-4,本实施例将分别从螺旋桨10的翼型分布、扭转角分布和弦长分布等三个方面描述对本实用新型实施例提供的螺旋桨10的桨叶103的改进。
桨叶103的翼型分布相关的参数中,螺旋桨10的桨毂101的半径为R 1,螺旋桨10的半径为R 2,由此可推算,螺旋桨10的桨叶103的半径为R 2-R 1
桨叶103上任一截面距桨毂101中心的距离用L 1表示,桨叶103上任意截面处的弦长用L 2表示,弦长L 2指的是在该截面处的弦线x的长度,弦线x指的是桨叶103的前缘1031位于该截面上最左侧的端点与后缘1032位于该截面上最右侧的端点之间的连线。
在翼型内部作一系列与上弧线和下弧线相切的内切圆,诸圆心的连线称为翼型的中弧线h,其中最大内切圆的直径称为翼型的最大厚度d。
中弧线h和弦线x之间的最大距离称为翼型的最大弯度w,最大弯度w为零的翼型称为对称翼型,其中弧线与弦线重合。
进一步地,翼型的最大相对厚度定义为翼型的最大厚度d与弦长L 2的比值,即,d/L 2;翼型最大相对弯度定义为翼型的最大弯度w与弦长L 2的比值,即,w/L 2
扭转角α,又称为扭角或桨叶角,是指螺旋桨10的弦线x和螺旋桨10的旋转平面之间的夹角,其变化规律是影响螺旋桨工作性能的主要因素之一。
在部分实施例中,桨叶102的弦长和扭转角的参数布设如下:
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×15%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为15mm±1mm,扭转角α为18°±0.5°;
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×30%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为28mm±1mm,扭转角α为25°±0.5°;
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×75%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为20mm±1mm,扭转角α为12°±0.5°;
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×100%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为10mm±1mm,扭转角α为10°±0.5°。
如图2所示,通过上述设置的桨叶103的弦长L 2和扭转角α,能够有效保证桨叶103具有最佳的工作性能,在同等尺寸螺旋桨上可以产生更大拉力,并可以有效提高螺旋桨10的气动效率,在该螺旋桨10应用于飞行器时,可以有效提高飞行器的悬停时间。
示例性地,螺旋桨10直径以及桨叶102的弦长和扭转角具体如下设计:
螺旋桨10的直径为230mm±10mm,其中,浆毂101的半径R 1为7.5mm。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×15%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为15mm,扭转角α为18°。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×30%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为28mm,扭转角α为25°。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×75%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为20mm,扭转角α为12°。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×100%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为10mm,扭转角α为10°。
如图2所示,即在L 1为R 2×15%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为15mm,扭转角α为18°。
在L 1为R 2×30%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为28mm,扭转角α为25°。
在L 1为R 2×75%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为20mm,扭转角α为12°。
在L 1为R 2×100%处,桨叶103的弦长L 2为10mm,扭转角α为10°。
在部分实施例中,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d采用如下设置:
在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d为13%±1%。
在距离浆毂101中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d为8%±1%。
其中,在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度d位置为与前缘25%±1%的弦长处。
在距离浆毂101中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度d位置为距前缘32%±0.5%的弦长处。
通过设置该桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d的分布,能够有效保证桨叶103的气动效率。
示例性地,螺旋桨10和直径和翼型最大相对厚度d采用具体如下设计:
螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm。在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d为13%。
在距离浆毂101中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度d为8%。
其中,在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度位置为距前缘25%的弦长处。
在距离浆毂101中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度位置为距前缘32%的弦长处。
如图2所示,即在L 1为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d为13%,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度d位置为与前缘25%的弦长处。
在L 1为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型最大相对厚度d为8%,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对厚度d位置距前缘32%的弦长处。
在部分实施例中,桨叶103的翼型最大相对弯度w采用如下设置:
在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w为3.5%±1%。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w为5.5%±0.5%。
其中,在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘30%±1%的弦长处。
在距离浆毂101中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘42%±1%的弦长处。
通过设置该桨叶103的翼型最大相对弯度w的分布,能够有效保证桨叶103的气动效率。
示例性地,螺旋桨10的直径和翼型最大相对弯度w的分布采用具体如下设计:
螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度 w为3.5%。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w为5.5%。
其中,在距离浆毂101中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘30%的弦长处。
在距离浆毂101中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘42%的弦长处。
如图2所示,即在L 1为R 1~R 2×15%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w为3.5%,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘30%的弦长处。
在L 1为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w为5.5%,桨叶103的翼型的最大相对弯度w位置为距前缘42%的弦长处。
在部分实施例中,螺旋桨10的直径为230mm±10mm,浆毂101的半径R 1为7.5mm;桨叶103弦长最宽位置与浆毂103的中心的距离为30mm±R 2×5%。
请参阅图5,本实用新型还提供一种动力组件100,该动力组件100包括包括驱动电机20和由驱动电机20驱动的前述螺旋桨10。该驱动组件100可以应用于飞行器,螺旋桨10安装于驱动电机20的输出轴上,螺旋桨10在驱动电机20的驱动下旋转以产生使飞行器飞行的升力或推力。驱动电机20可以是任何合适类型的电机,例如有刷电机、无刷电机、直流电机、步进电机、交流感应电机等。
其中,螺旋桨10在驱动电机20的输出轴上的安装方式可以是,驱动电机20的输出轴上设置有与内螺纹相对应的外螺纹,通过内螺纹和外螺纹的配合,实现螺旋桨10与驱动电机20的螺纹连接。
也可以通过螺丝锁将驱动电机20的输出轴锁接在桨毂101内,或者通过滚花厘士的方式实现驱动电机20的输出轴与桨毂101的连接。
还可以是在驱动电机20上开设凹槽,在螺旋桨10上设置与该凹槽配合的爪部,螺旋桨10与驱动电机20的旋转配合连接,通过螺旋桨10上的爪部与驱动电机20上的凹槽的卡接,实现螺旋桨10与驱动电机20的连接。
请参阅图6,本实用新型还提供一种飞行器200,该飞行器200包括机身60、与机身60连接的机臂70以及安装于机臂70的前述动力组件100。
其中,动力组件100可以是一个或多个,也即该飞行器200可以是任何需要螺旋桨提供动力的飞行器,在此不做限定。
该飞行器200内还设置有控制组件40和传感器组件50,其中,传感器组件50与控制组件40电连接,用于获取飞行器10的各种飞行参数,并将获取的飞行参数输出给控制组件40,其中,飞行参数可以是飞行姿态,飞行速度,飞行高度等。控制组件40与动力组件100电连接,用于根据传感器组件50获取的飞行参数调整飞行器200的飞行姿态。
在部分实施例中,控制组件40还可以与终端设备(图未示)通信连接,并接受终端设备的控制指令,以根据控制指令控制飞行器200的飞行姿态,其中,该终端设备可以是智能手机、遥控器或电脑。
与现有设计相比,本实用新型提供的螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器具有以下优点:
1、通过设置的桨叶的弦长和扭转角的分布,能够有效保证桨叶具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨的气动效率,在该螺旋桨应用于飞行器时,可以有效提高飞行器的悬停时间。
2、通过设置该桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度的分布,能够有效保证桨叶的气动效率。
3、通过设置的翼型最大相对弯度,可以有效提升桨叶的气动效率。
以上仅为本实用新型的优选实施例,并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围,凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨包括浆毂以及与所述浆毂连接的桨叶,所述浆毂的半径为R 1,所述螺旋桨的半径为R 2,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的弦长为15mm±1mm,扭转角为18°±0.5°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×30%处,所述桨叶的弦长为28mm±1mm,扭转角为25°±0.5°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×75%处,所述桨叶的弦长为20mm±1mm,扭转角为12°±0.5°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的弦长为10mm±1mm,扭转角为10°±0.5°。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的弦长为15mm,扭转角为18°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×30%处,所述桨叶的弦长为28mm,扭转角为25°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×75%处,所述桨叶的弦长为20mm,扭转角为12°;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的弦长为10mm,扭转角为10°。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为13%±1%;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为8%±1%;
    其中,所述翼型最大相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为13%;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型最大相对厚度为8%;
    其中,所述翼型最大相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的最大厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘25%±1%的弦长处;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘32%±0.5%的弦长处。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘25%的弦长处;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对厚度为距前缘32%的弦长处。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为3.5%±1%;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为5.5%±0.5%;
    其中,所述翼型最大相对弯度为所述桨叶的翼型的中弧线的最大弯度与弦长的比值。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为3.5%;
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为5.5%。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘30%±1%的弦长处;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘42%±1%的弦长处。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距离所述浆毂中心为R 1~R 2×15%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘30%的弦长处;
    在距离所述浆毂中心R 2×15%~R 2×100%处,所述桨叶的翼型的最大相对弯度为距前缘42%的弦长处。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    所述螺旋桨的直径为230mm±10mm,所述浆毂的半径R 1为7.5mm;
    所述桨叶弦长最宽位置与所述浆毂的中心的距离为30mm±R 2×5%。
  12. 一种动力组件,其特征在于,所述动力组件包括:
    驱动电机;以及
    如权利要求1-11任一项所述的螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨的桨毂与所述驱动电机的输出轴连接。
  13. 一种飞行器,其特征在于,所述飞行器包括:
    机身;
    机臂,与所述机身相连;以及
    如权利要求12所述的动力组件,所述动力组件安装于所述机臂。
PCT/CN2020/123055 2019-09-11 2020-10-23 一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器 WO2021047683A1 (zh)

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