WO2020042983A1 - 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 - Google Patents

螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020042983A1
WO2020042983A1 PCT/CN2019/101799 CN2019101799W WO2020042983A1 WO 2020042983 A1 WO2020042983 A1 WO 2020042983A1 CN 2019101799 W CN2019101799 W CN 2019101799W WO 2020042983 A1 WO2020042983 A1 WO 2020042983A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
propeller
hub
blade
center
chord length
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/101799
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张海浪
孙维
罗东东
Original Assignee
深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司
Publication of WO2020042983A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020042983A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20Rotors; Rotor supports
    • B64U30/29Constructional aspects of rotors or rotor supports; Arrangements thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/16Blades
    • B64C11/18Aerodynamic features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64CAEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C27/00Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto
    • B64C27/32Rotors
    • B64C27/46Blades
    • B64C27/467Aerodynamic features
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U50/00Propulsion; Power supply
    • B64U50/10Propulsion
    • B64U50/19Propulsion using electrically powered motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13Flying platforms
    • B64U10/14Flying platforms with four distinct rotor axes, e.g. quadcopters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64UUNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/20Constructional aspects of UAVs for noise reduction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to a propeller, a power component and an unmanned aerial vehicle using the power component.
  • UAV is a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle that controls flight attitude through radio remote control equipment and built-in programs. It has been widely used in military and civilian fields.
  • the propeller is an important part of the drone and the main source of power for hovering and maneuvering.
  • the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller directly affects the hover time of the drone.
  • the hovering time of industrial-grade drones in turn restricts the drone's range and task execution time; the hovering time of consumer-grade drones will also affect the user experience.
  • the aerodynamic efficiency of the drone's propeller is not high, resulting in a short hovering time of the drone, which cannot meet the actual use requirements.
  • the propeller rotates noise will be generated.
  • the noise of the propeller becomes the main source of drone noise. It not only pollutes the surrounding airspace environment, but these noises will propagate to the drone's fuselage, causing The vibration of the man-machine body seriously affects the flight safety of the drone.
  • propellers with high aerodynamic efficiency and low noise levels are essential for drones.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a propeller, a power component and an unmanned aerial vehicle with high aerodynamic efficiency and low noise level, which can effectively overcome the defects in the prior art, improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller, and reduce its noise level. , Thereby effectively extending the hovering time of the drone, at the same time reducing the noise level of the drone, improving the flight safety of the drone, and improving the user comfort.
  • the present invention provides a propeller, including a propeller hub and a propeller blade connected to the propeller hub, the propeller blade includes a propeller root and a propeller tip facing away from the propeller root, and the propeller blade has Blade surface, blade back, leading edge connecting the blade surface and one side of the blade back, and trailing edge connecting the blade surface and the other side of the blade back, the radius of the hub is r, and the propeller Has a radius of R, where:
  • the paddle is in the shape of a willow leaf
  • the ratio of the chord length to the diameter of the propeller is 9.5% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the ratio of the chord length to the diameter of the propeller is 12.3% ⁇ 0.1%;
  • the ratio of the chord length to the diameter of the propeller is 10.9% ⁇ 0.1%.
  • the blade has a central axis, and the leading and trailing edges are symmetrical with respect to the central axis.
  • chord length distribution of the blade near the blade tip is oval.
  • chord length is 20 ⁇ 0.3mm
  • chord length is 26 ⁇ 0.3mm
  • chord length is 23 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the ratio of the chord length to the propeller diameter at a position 10% ⁇ R from the center of the propeller hub is 7.1% ⁇ 0.5%.
  • chord length is 15 ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the ratio of the chord length to the diameter of the propeller is 8.5% ⁇ 0.1% at a position 85% ⁇ R from the center of the hub.
  • the chord length is 18 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the ratio of the chord length to the diameter of the propeller is 1.9% ⁇ 0.1%.
  • the chord length is 4 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the maximum chord length of the blade is at a position 50% ⁇ R from the center of the hub.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 25 ° ⁇ 0.3 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade is 19 ° ⁇ 0.5 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade is 14 ° ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 13 ° ⁇ 0.5 ° from a position r to 10% ⁇ R from the center of the hub.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 12 ° ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 10 ° ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 11% ⁇ 0.5% at a position r-30% ⁇ R from the center of the hub;
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade at a position 30% ⁇ R to 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 7.1% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 5.2% ⁇ 0.3% at a position 75% ⁇ R to 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub;
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil is a ratio of the thickness of the airfoil of the blade to the chord length of the airfoil.
  • the position of the maximum thickness in the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is a chord length 27.5% ⁇ 0.5% from the leading edge ;
  • the maximum thickness position of the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is a chord length 18% ⁇ 0.3% from the leading edge;
  • the maximum thickness position in the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is a chord length 23% ⁇ 0.3% from the leading edge.
  • the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 5% ⁇ 0.5%
  • the relative camber of the blade airfoil at a position 30% ⁇ R to 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 5.8% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade at a position 75% ⁇ R to 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 4.5% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the relative camber of the airfoil is a ratio of the camber of the mid-arc of the airfoil of the blade to the chord length.
  • the position of the maximum camber in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade at a position r-30% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 38.5% ⁇ 0.5% chord length from the leading edge;
  • the position of the maximum camber in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is a chord length of 43.5% ⁇ 0.3% from the leading edge;
  • the position of the maximum camber in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is a chord length of 22.5% ⁇ 0.3% from the leading edge.
  • the Reynolds number of the propeller ranges from 10 4 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 .
  • the present invention further provides a power assembly, which includes a motor and a propeller as described above, and a hub of the propeller is connected to an output shaft of the motor.
  • the present invention also provides an unmanned aerial vehicle, which includes: a fuselage, a boom connected to the fuselage, and the above-mentioned power component mounted on the boom.
  • the present invention can effectively ensure that the blade has the best working performance by setting specific airfoil distribution, torsion angle distribution and chord length distribution for the propeller blade, and setting the blade into a willow shape. , Can effectively improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller and reduce its noise level. Further, the application of the propeller to power components and drones can correspondingly improve the efficiency of power components and drones, thereby effectively extending the hovering time of the drone, while reducing the noise level of the drone and improving the drone. Human-machine flight safety and improve user comfort.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective structural view of an embodiment of a drone according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a power component of the drone shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a power component of the drone shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a propeller in the power assembly shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the propeller shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the propeller shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a right side view of the propeller shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a blade in the propeller shown in FIG. 3, which shows various parameters related to the airfoil of the blade.
  • 100-unmanned aerial vehicle 40-airframe, 50-airframe;
  • the propeller provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a motor with high aerodynamic efficiency.
  • the propeller is mounted on the motor, and can be applied to any application field of mechatronics, especially to various movable objects driven by the motor. Including, but not limited to, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), ships, and robots.
  • UAVs unmanned aerial vehicles
  • a drone is taken as an example for description. Applying the propeller provided in the embodiment of the present invention to a drone can effectively extend the hovering time of the drone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drone provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the drone 100 includes a fuselage 40, four arms 50 extending from the fuselage 40, and a power assembly 30 mounted on each of the arms 50. That is, the drone 100 of the present invention is a four-rotor drone, and the number of power components 30 is four.
  • the drone 100 may be any other suitable type of rotor drone, such as a dual-rotor drone, a six-rotor drone, or the like.
  • the power module 30 is applied to other types of unmanned aerial vehicles, the number of the power modules 30 may be changed according to actual needs, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the drone 100 may further include a gimbal (not shown), which is connected to the fuselage 40 and is located at the bottom of the fuselage 40.
  • the gimbal is used to carry a high-definition digital camera or other video cameras.
  • the device is used to eliminate the disturbance of the high-definition digital camera or other camera device, and to ensure that the video captured by the camera or other camera device is clear and stable.
  • the arm 50 is fixedly connected to the body 40.
  • the arm 50 is integrally formed with the body 40.
  • the arm 50 may also be connected to the fuselage 40 in a manner of being unfolded or folded relative to the fuselage 40.
  • the arm 50 may be connected to the main body 40 through a rotating shaft mechanism, so that the arm 50 can be unfolded or folded relative to the main body 40.
  • the power assembly 30 includes a motor 20 and a propeller 10 driven by the motor 20.
  • the propeller 10 is installed on an output shaft of the motor 20, and the propeller 10 rotates under the driving of the motor 20. To generate lift or thrust that makes the drone 100 fly.
  • the motor 20 may be any suitable type of motor, such as a brushed motor, a brushless motor, a DC motor, a stepper motor, an AC induction motor, and the like.
  • the power assembly 30 of the present invention further includes an electronic governor (not shown) disposed in a cavity formed by the fuselage 40 or the arm 50, and the electronic governor is used for generating The throttle signal generates a motor control signal for controlling the motor speed to obtain the flying speed or attitude required by the drone.
  • the throttle controller or the throttle generator may be a flight control module of the drone.
  • the flight control module senses the environment around the drone through various sensors and controls the flight of the drone.
  • the flight control module may be a processing module (Application Unit), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).
  • the drone's flight control module sends a throttle signal to the ESC, and the ESC receives the throttle signal, generates and sends it to the motor for The motor performs motor control signals such as starting and controlling the rotation speed of the motor.
  • the propeller 10 includes a hub 1 and at least two blades 2 connected to the hub 1 (the two blades are taken as an example in the figure).
  • the blade 2 includes a blade root 110 and a blade tip 120 facing away from the blade root 110.
  • the blade 2 has a leading edge a and a trailing edge b.
  • the at least two blades 2 are fixedly connected to the hub 1.
  • the at least two blades 2 are integrally formed with the hub.
  • the at least two blades 2 may also be connected to the hub 1 in a manner of being unfolded or folded relative to the hub 1.
  • the at least two blades 2 may be connected to the hub 1 through a rotating shaft, respectively, so as to achieve the expansion or folding of the at least two blades 2 relative to the hub 1.
  • the hub 1 is used to fixedly connect the propeller 10 to an output shaft of the motor 20.
  • the propeller hub 1 is provided with internal threads, and the output shaft of the motor 20 is provided with external threads corresponding to the internal threads. Through the cooperation of the internal and external threads, The screw connection between the propeller 10 and the motor 20 is realized.
  • the output shaft of the motor 20 may also be locked in the propeller hub 1 by a screw lock, or the output shaft of the motor 20 and the propeller hub 1 may be connected by means of a knurled centimeter.
  • a groove may be provided on the motor 20, and a claw portion matching the groove is provided on the propeller 10.
  • the propeller 10 is rotationally connected to the motor 20, and is connected to the motor 20 through the claw portion on the propeller 10. The clamping of the upper groove realizes the connection between the propeller 10 and the motor 20.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the propeller 10 in the power assembly shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the propeller 10 shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a right side view of the propeller 10 shown in FIG. 3;
  • a cross-sectional view of the blade 2 in the propeller 10 shown in FIG. 7 shows various parameters related to the airfoil of the blade 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the propeller 10 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the propeller 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention can effectively ensure that the blade 2 has an optimal blade shape by improving the chord length distribution, twist angle distribution and airfoil distribution of the blade 2 and setting the blade 2 into a willow shape.
  • the working performance can effectively improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller 10 and reduce its noise level.
  • applying the propeller 10 to the power module 30 and the drone 100 can correspondingly improve the efficiency of the power module 30 and the drone 100, thereby further effectively extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing the drone.
  • the noise level of 100 improves the flight safety of the drone 100 and improves the user comfort.
  • improvements in size of the blade 2 of the propeller 10 provided by the embodiment of the present invention will be described from the aspects of the overall shape, chord length, twist angle, and airfoil distribution of the blade.
  • the propeller 10 provided by the present invention is in a willow shape.
  • the propeller 10 has a central axis (indicated by a dotted line in the middle of the blade 2 in the figure), and the leading edge a and the trailing edge b of the blade 2 are substantially symmetrical with respect to the central axis.
  • the chord length distribution of the blade 2 near the blade tip 120 is substantially elliptical.
  • the elliptical end ie, the tip of the blade 2 is cut.
  • the ellipse at the blade tip 120 is beneficial to reduce the intensity of the blade tip vortex, and further reduce the propeller vortex interference effect of the propeller 10 to reduce the noise generated by the propeller 10.
  • the "willow" shape of the blade 2 gradually shrinks at the blade tip 120, which can reduce the lateral flow of the airflow and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller.
  • the radius of the hub 1 of the propeller 10 is r, and the radius of the propeller 10 is R. Therefore, it can be estimated that the total length of the blade 2 of the propeller 10 is R-r.
  • the distance from any section on the blade 2 to the center of the hub 1 is represented by L2; the chord length at any section on the blade 2 is represented by L1, and the chord length L1 refers to the length of the chord line l at the section, the chord line l refers to the line connecting the leading edge a of the blade 2 at the leftmost end point in the section and the trailing edge b at the rightmost end point in the section.
  • a series of inscribed circles tangent to the upper and lower arcs are made inside the airfoil.
  • the line connecting the centers of the circles is called the middle arc of the airfoil.
  • the diameter of the largest inscribed circle is called the thickness of the airfoil. t.
  • the maximum distance between the middle arc line m and the chord line l is called the camber f of the airfoil, and the airfoil with zero camber f is called the symmetrical airfoil, where the arc and the chord line coincide.
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil is defined as the ratio of the thickness of the airfoil t to the chord length L1, that is, t / L1;
  • the relative camber of the airfoil is defined as the ratio of the curvature f of the airfoil to the chord length L1, that is, f / L1 .
  • twist angle ⁇ also known as the twist angle or blade angle, refers to the angle between the chord line l of the propeller 10 and the rotation plane of the propeller 10, and its variation law is one of the main factors affecting the working performance of the propeller.
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 at a plurality of sections in the blade 2 of the drone 100 to the diameter of the propeller 10 is set, in which the distance from the center of the propeller hub 30% ⁇ R, 50%
  • the improvement of the ratio of the chord length L1 at the cross section of ⁇ R and 75% ⁇ R to the diameter of the propeller 10 has the best effect.
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 of the blade 2 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is set as follows:
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is 9.5% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is 12.3% ⁇ 0.1%;
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is 10.9% ⁇ 0.1%.
  • chord lengths at the positions of 10% ⁇ R, 85% ⁇ R, and 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub are respectively improved, which can further improve the aerodynamic efficiency and reduce the noise of the propeller 10 Level, thereby further extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing the noise of the drone 100.
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the propeller diameter 2R is 7.1% ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is 8.5% ⁇ 0.1% from the center of the propeller at a location 85% ⁇ R.
  • the ratio of the chord length L1 to the diameter 2R of the propeller is 1.9% ⁇ 0.1%.
  • the maximum chord length of the blade is at a position 50% ⁇ R from the center of the hub.
  • the radius R of the propeller is preferably 100 mm to 150 mm
  • chord length is 20 ⁇ 0.3mm
  • chord length is 26 ⁇ 0.3mm
  • chord length is 23 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the chord length is 15 ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the chord length is 18 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the chord length is 4 ⁇ 0.3 mm.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific propeller.
  • the radius R of the propeller is 105 mm
  • the radius r of the propeller is 6.75 mm
  • the length of the blade is optionally 98.25 mm.
  • the chord length is 20mm; at a position of 52.5mm from the hub center, the chord length is 26mm; at a position of 78.5mm from the hub center, The chord length is 23mm.
  • the chord length is 15 mm.
  • the chord length is 18 mm.
  • the chord length is 4 mm.
  • the torsion angles at multiple sections in the blade 2 of the drone 100 are improved, where at 30% ⁇ R, 50% ⁇ R, and 75% ⁇ R sections from the center of the hub
  • the improvement of the twist angle has the best effect.
  • the twist angle ⁇ parameter of the blade 2 is set as follows:
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 25 ° ⁇ 0.3 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 19 ° ⁇ 0.5 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 14 ° ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • the setting of the twist angle of the blade 2 can effectively ensure that the blade 2 has the best working performance, can effectively improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller 10 and reduce its noise level, thereby further extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing The noise of the drone 100.
  • the twist angles of the blades 2 in the sections r to 10% ⁇ R, 85% ⁇ R, and 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub are improved, respectively, and the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller 10 can be further improved And reduce its noise level, thereby further extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing the noise of the drone 100.
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 13 ° ⁇ 0.5 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 12 ° ⁇ 0.5 °;
  • the twist angle of the blade 2 is 10 ° ⁇ 0.5 °.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a specific propeller.
  • the radius R of the propeller is 105mm
  • the radius r of the propeller is 6.75mm
  • the length of the blade is optionally 98.25mm.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 25 °; at a position of 52.5mm from the center of the hub, the blade twist angle is 19 °; at a position from the hub At a position of 78.75 mm in the center, the twist angle of the blade is 14 °.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 13 ° at a position from 6.75 mm to 10.5 mm from the center of the blade hub.
  • the twist angle of the blade is 12 °. Further preferably, at a position 105 mm from the center of the propeller hub, the twist angle of the propeller blade is 10 °.
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 is set as follows:
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 is 11% ⁇ 0.5% at a position r-30% ⁇ R from the center of the hub;
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 at a position 30% ⁇ R to 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 7.1% ⁇ 0.3%;
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 at a position 75% ⁇ R to 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub is 5.2% ⁇ 0.3%.
  • L2 is the distance from the center of the propeller, at a position r-30% ⁇ R from the center of the propeller, that is, when L2 is r to 30% of the radius of the propeller ; At a distance of 30% ⁇ R ⁇ 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub, that is, L2 is 30% of the radius length of the propeller 10 to 75% of the radius length of the propeller 10; The position of% ⁇ R to 100% ⁇ R, that is, when L2 is 75% of the radius length of the propeller 10 to 100% of the radius length of the propeller 10.
  • the maximum thickness position of the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 is a distance (27.5%) from the leading edge a ⁇ 0.5%) ⁇ chord length L1; at a position 30% ⁇ R ⁇ 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub, the maximum thickness position of the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 is spaced from the leading edge a (18% ⁇ 0.3%) chord length; at a position 75% ⁇ R ⁇ 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub, the maximum thickness position of the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade 2 is the same as the leading edge a Distance (23% ⁇ 0.3%) x chord length L1.
  • the above-mentioned preferred maximum relative airfoil thickness can effectively ensure the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade 2 and reduce its noise level, thereby further extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing the noise of the drone 100.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a specific propeller.
  • the radius R of the propeller is 105 mm
  • the radius r of the propeller is 6.75 mm
  • the length of the blade is optionally 98.25 mm.
  • the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 11% at a position of 6.75mm to 31.5mm from the center of the hub; the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade at a position of 31.5mm to 78.75mm from the center of the hub It is 7.1%; at a position from 78.75mm to 105mm from the center of the hub, the relative thickness of the airfoil of the blade is 5.2%.
  • the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade 2 is set as follows:
  • the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade 2 is 5% ⁇ 0.5% at a position r-30% ⁇ R from the center of the hub;
  • the relative camber of the airfoil 2 is 4.5% ⁇ 0.3%.
  • the position of the maximum camber in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade 2 at a position r-30% from the center of the hub is the distance from the leading edge a (38.5%).
  • chord length L1 at a position 30% ⁇ R ⁇ 75% ⁇ R from the center of the hub, the maximum camber position in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade 2 is a distance from the leading edge a (43.5% ⁇ 0.3%) ⁇ chord length L1; at a position 75% ⁇ R ⁇ 100% ⁇ R from the center of the hub, the position of the maximum camber in the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade 2 is the leading edge a Distance (22.5% ⁇ 0.3%) x chord length L1.
  • the above-mentioned preferred maximum relative camber can also further improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller 10 and reduce its noise level, thereby further extending the hovering time of the drone 100 and reducing the noise of the drone 100.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a specific propeller.
  • the radius R of the propeller is 105 mm
  • the radius r of the propeller is 6.75 mm
  • the length of the blade is optionally 98.25 mm.
  • the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade is 5%; at a position of 31.5mm to 78.75mm from the center of the hub, the relative camber of the airfoil of the blade It is 5.8%; at a position from 78.75mm to 105mm from the center of the hub, the relative camber of the blade is 4.5%.
  • the above technical solution is applicable to a propeller having a Reynolds number in a range of 10 4 to 5 ⁇ 10 5 .
  • the blades can effectively ensure the best working performance of the blades and can effectively Improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller and reduce its noise level. Further, the application of the propeller to power components and drones can correspondingly improve the efficiency of power components and drones, thereby effectively extending the hovering time of the drone, while reducing the noise level of the drone and improving the drone. Human-machine flight safety and improve user comfort.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

一种螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机,所述螺旋桨(10)包括桨毂(1)和与所述桨毂(1)相连的桨叶(2),所述桨叶(2)包括桨根(110)以及背离所述桨根(110)的桨尖(120),所述桨叶(2)具有前缘(a)和后缘(b),所述桨毂(1)的半径为r,所述螺旋桨(10)的半径为R,其中,所述桨叶(2)呈柳叶型;在距桨毂(1)中心30%×R的位置处,弦长与所述螺旋桨(10)的直径的比值为9.5%±0.3%;距桨毂(1)中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨(10)的直径的比值为12.3%±0.1%;距桨毂(1)中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨(10)的直径的比值为10.9%±0.1%。通过设置特定的弦长分布、扭转角分布和翼型分布,以及将桨叶(2)设置成"柳叶型",能够有效保证桨叶(2)具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨(10)的气动效率,降低其噪声水平。

Description

螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机
相关申请交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年8月28日申请的、申请号为201821401883.7、申请名称为“螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无人机技术领域,尤其涉及一种螺旋桨、动力组件及应用该动力组件的无人机。
背景技术
无人机是一种通过无线电遥控设备和内置的程序来控制飞行姿态的不载人飞行器,现已广泛应用在军事及民用领域。螺旋桨是无人机的重要部件,是无人机悬停和机动飞行主要的动力来源。螺旋桨的气动效率直接影响无人机的悬停时间。当下,工业级无人机的悬停时间又制约着无人机航程和任务执行时间;消费级无人机的悬停时间也会影响用户的体验。目前无人机的螺旋桨的气动效率不高,导致无人机的悬停时间较短,不能满足实际使用需求。与此同时,在螺旋桨旋转时,会产生噪声,螺旋桨的噪声成为无人机噪声的主要来源,其不仅污染了周围的空域环境,而且这些噪声会传播到无人机的机身上,引起无人机机身的振动,严重影响无人机的飞行安全。
所以,高气动效率和低噪声水平的螺旋桨对无人机而言至关重要。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种具有高气动效率和低噪声水平的螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机,能够有效克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,能够提高螺 旋桨的气动效率,降低其噪声水平,从而有效延长无人机的悬停时间,同时降低无人机的噪声水平,提高无人机的飞行安全性,并提高用户使用的舒适度。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种螺旋桨,包括桨毂和与所述桨毂相连的桨叶,所述桨叶包括桨根以及背离所述桨根的桨尖,所述桨叶具有叶面、叶背、连接所述叶面和叶背一侧边的前缘、以及连接所述叶面和叶背另一侧边的后缘,所述桨毂的半径为r,所述螺旋桨的半径为R,其中:
所述桨叶呈柳叶型;
在距桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为9.5%±0.3%;
距桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为12.3%±0.1%;
距桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为10.9%±0.1%。
在一些实施例中,所述桨叶具有中轴线,所述前缘和后缘相对于所述中轴线对称。
在一些实施例中,所述桨叶在靠近所述桨尖的部分的弦长分布呈椭圆形。
在一些实施例中,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述弦长为20±0.3mm;
在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长为26±0.3mm;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长为23±0.3mm。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心10%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨直径的比值为7.1%±0.5%。
在一些实施例中,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
在距所述桨毂中心10%×R的位置处,所述弦长为15±0.5mm。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述弦长与螺旋桨的直径的比值为8.5%±0.1%。
在一些实施例中,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
在距所述桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述弦长为18±0.3mm。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述弦长与螺旋桨的直径的比值为1.9%±0.1%。
在一些实施例中,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
在距所述桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述弦长为4±0.3mm。
在一些实施例中,所述桨叶的最大弦长在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处。
在一些实施例中,在距所述桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为25°±0.3°;
在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为19°±0.5°;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为14°±0.5°。
在一些实施例中,在距所述距桨毂中心r~10%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为13°±0.5°。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为12°±0.5°。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为10°±0.5°。
在一些实施例中,在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为11%±0.5%;
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为7.1%±0.3%;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为5.2%±0.3%;
其中,所述翼型相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
在一些实施例中,在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘27.5%±0.5%的弦长处;
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘18%±0.3%的弦长处;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘23%±0.3%的弦长处。
在一些实施例中,在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5%±0.5%;
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5.8%±0.3%;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为4.5%±0.3%;
其中,所述翼型相对弯度为所述桨叶的翼型的中弧线的弯度与弦长的比值。
在一些实施例中,在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘38.5%±0.5%弦长处;
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘43.5%±0.3%的弦长处;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘22.5%±0.3%的弦长处。
在一些实施例中,所述螺旋桨的雷诺数范围为10 4~5×10 5
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供一种动力组件,包括:电机以及如上所述的螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨的桨毂与所述电机的输出轴连接。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明还提供一种无人机,包括:机身、与所述机身相连的机臂以及安装于所述机臂的如上所述的动力组件。
本发明上述技术方案具有如下有益效果:
相比于现有技术,本发明通过为螺旋桨的桨叶设置特定的翼型分布、扭转角分布和弦长分布,以及将桨叶设置成柳叶型,能够有效保证桨叶具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨的气动效率,降低其噪声水平。进一步地,将该螺旋桨应用于动力组件和无人机,能够相应提高动力组件和无人机的效率,进而能够有效延长无人机的悬停时间,同时降低无人机的噪声水平,提高无人机的飞行安全性,并提高用户使用的舒适度。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述,并且,部分地从说明书中变得显而易见,或者通过实施本发明实施例而了解。本发明的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明技术方案的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明的技术方案,并不构成对本发明技术方案的限制。
图1为本发明一种无人机其中一个实施例的立体结构图;
图2为图1所示无人机中动力组件的立体结构示意图;
图3为图2所示动力组件中螺旋桨的立体结构示意图;
图4为图3所示的螺旋桨的主视图;
图5为图3所示螺旋桨的俯视图;
图6为图3所示的螺旋桨的右视图;
图7为图3所示的螺旋桨中桨叶的横截面图,图中示出与桨叶的翼型有关的各个参数。
图示说明:
100-无人机,40-机身,50-机臂;
30-动力组件,10-螺旋桨,20-电机;
1-桨毂,2-桨叶,110-桨根,120-桨尖,R-螺旋桨半径;
α-扭转角,L1-弦长,L2-距桨毂中心的距离;
a-前缘,b-后缘,f-弯度,t-厚度,m-中弧线,l-弦线。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外,下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
本发明实施例提供的螺旋桨是一种具有高气动效率的电机,将该螺旋桨安装在电机上,可适用于任意机电一体化的应用领域,尤其可以应用于各种由电机驱动的可移动物体上,包括但不限于无人机(unmanned aerial vehicle,UAV),轮船,机器人。在本发明实施例中,以无人机为例进行说明。把本发明实施例提供的螺旋桨应用于无人机,能够有效延长无人机的悬停时间。
请参照图1,为本发明其中一个实施例提供的一种无人机的结构示意图。 该无人机100的结构包括机身40、四个自机身40延伸的机臂50以及分别装设在每个机臂50上的动力组件30。即,本发明的无人机100为四旋翼无人机,动力组件30的数量为四个。在其他可能的实施例中,无人机100可以是其他任何合适类型的旋翼无人机,例如双旋翼无人机、六旋翼无人机等。在动力组件30应用于其他类型无人机的场合,动力组件30的数量可以根据实际需要改变,本发明实施例对此不作限定。
在其他可能的实施例中,无人机100还可以包括云台(图未示),该云台与机身40相连,位于机身40的底部,云台用于搭载高清数码相机或其他摄像装置以消除高清数码相机或其他摄像装置受到的扰动,保证相机或其他摄像装置拍摄的视频的清晰稳定。
在本发明的一实施例中,机臂50与机身40固定连接,优选地,机臂50与机身40一体成型。在其他可能的实施例中,机臂50还可以可相对于机身40展开或折叠的方式与机身40相连。例如,机臂50可以通过一转轴机构与机身40相连,以实现机臂50可相对于机身40展开或折叠。
在本发明一实施例中,如图2所示,动力组件30包括电机20和由电机20驱动的螺旋桨10,螺旋桨10装设于电机20的输出轴上,螺旋桨10在电机20的驱动下旋转以产生使无人机100飞行的升力或推力。电机20可以是任何合适类型的电机,例如有刷电机、无刷电机、直流电机、步进电机、交流感应电机等。本发明的动力组件30还包括设置在机身40或机臂50所形成的空腔内的电子调速器(未图示),该电子调速器用于根据油门控制器或油门发生器产生的油门信号生成用于控制电机转速的电机控制信号以获取无人机需要的飞行速度或飞行姿态。
在一种实现方式中,油门控制器或油门发生器可以是无人机的飞行控制模块。飞行控制模块通过各种传感器感知无人机周围的环境,并控制无人机的飞行。飞行控制模块可以是处理模块(processing unit),专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit,ASIC)或者现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)。
当用户通过遥控器输入控制无人机的飞行姿态等的指令时,无人机的飞控模块向电调板发送一油门信号,电调板接收该油门信号,生成并向电机发 送用于对电机进行启动、和控制电机运行的转速等的电机控制信号。
请参照图3和图4,螺旋桨10包括桨毂1和与所述桨毂1相连的至少两个桨叶2(图中以两个桨叶为例说明)。桨叶2包括桨根110以及背离桨根110的桨尖120,桨叶2具有前缘a和后缘b。在本发明的一实施例中,所述至少两个桨叶2与桨毂1固定连接,优选地,所述至少两个桨叶2与桨毂一体成型。在其他可能的实施例中,所述至少两个桨叶2还可以可相对于桨毂1展开或折叠的方式与桨毂1相连。例如,所述至少两个桨叶2可以分别通过一转轴连接至桨毂1,以实现所述至少两个桨叶2相对于桨毂1的展开或折叠。
桨毂1用于将螺旋桨10固定连接至电机20的输出轴。在本发明的一实施例中,所述桨毂1上设有内螺纹,所述电机20的输出轴上设置有与所述内螺纹相对应的外螺纹,通过内螺纹和外螺纹的配合,实现螺旋桨10与电机20的螺纹连接。在另一些实施例中,也可以通过螺丝锁将电机20的输出轴锁接在桨毂1内,或者通过滚花厘士的方式实现电机20的输出轴与桨毂1的连接。在其他一些实现方式中,可以在电机20上开设凹槽,在螺旋桨10上设置与该凹槽配合的爪部,螺旋桨10与电机20的旋转配合连接,通过螺旋桨10上的爪部与电机20上的凹槽的卡接,实现螺旋桨10与电机20的连接。
图3为图2所示动力组件中螺旋桨10的立体结构示意图;图4为图3所示螺旋桨10的主视图;图5为图3所示螺旋桨10的右视图;图6为图3所示的螺旋桨10中桨叶2的横截面图,图中示出与桨叶2的翼型有关的各个参数;图7为图3所示螺旋桨10的俯视图。本发明实施例提供的螺旋桨10,通过对其桨叶2的弦长分布、扭转角分布和翼型分布进行改进,以及将桨叶2设置成柳叶型,能够有效保证桨叶2具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨10的气动效率,降低其噪声水平。进一步地,将该螺旋桨10应用于动力组件30和无人机100,能够相应提高动力组件30和无人机100的效率,进而能够有效延长无人机100的悬停时间,同时降低无人机100的噪声水平,提高无人机100的飞行安全性,并提高用户使用的舒适度。以下将分别从桨叶的整体形状、弦长、扭转角和翼型分布等多个方面,描述对本发明实施例 提供的螺旋桨10的桨叶2在尺寸上的改进。
首先参见图3和图5,本发明提供的螺旋桨10呈柳叶型。该螺旋桨10具有一中轴线(图中用位于桨叶2中间的虚线表示),桨叶2的前缘a和后缘b相对于所述中轴线大体对称。进一步地,桨叶2在靠近桨尖120的部分的弦长分布大体呈椭圆形,考虑到加工的影响,该椭圆形的端部(即桨叶2的末梢)被削除。桨尖120处呈椭圆状,有利于减小桨尖涡强度,进而减小螺旋桨10的桨涡干扰效应,以减小螺旋桨10所产生的噪音。同时,桨叶2的“柳叶”形状在桨尖120处逐渐收缩,这样可以减小气流的横向流动,以提高螺旋桨的气动效率。
下面对和桨叶2的翼型分布相关的参数进行说明。具体参见图5-图7,螺旋桨10的桨毂1的半径为r,螺旋桨10的半径为R,由此可推算,螺旋桨10的桨叶2的总长度为R-r。桨叶2上任一截面距桨毂1中心的距离用L2表示;桨叶2上任意截面处的弦长用L1表示,弦长L1指的是在该截面处的弦线l的长度,弦线l指的是桨叶2的前缘a位于该截面上最左侧的端点与后缘b位于该截面上最右侧的端点之间的连线。在翼型内部作一系列与上弧线和下弧线相切的内切圆,诸圆心的连线称为翼型的中弧线m,其中最大内切圆的直径称为翼型的厚度t。中弧线m和弦线l之间的最大距离称为翼型的弯度f,弯度f为零的翼型称为对称翼型,其中弧线与弦线重合。
进一步地,翼型的相对厚度定义为翼型厚度t与弦长L1的比值,即,t/L1;翼型相对弯度定义为翼型的弯度f与弦长L1的比值,即,f/L1。
扭转角α,又称为扭角或桨叶角,是指螺旋桨10的弦线l和螺旋桨10的旋转平面之间的夹角,其变化规律是影响螺旋桨工作性能的主要因素之一。
在本发明实施例中对无人机100的桨叶2中的多个截面处的弦长L1与螺旋桨10的直径的比值进行设定,其中,在距桨毂中心30%×R、50%×R和75%×R截面处的弦长L1与螺旋桨10的直径的比值的改进,具有最优的效果。
在一些实施例中,桨叶2的弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值采用如下设置:
在距桨毂中心30%×R位置处,弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值为 9.5%±0.3%;
在距桨毂中心50%×R位置处,弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值为12.3%±0.1%;
在距桨毂中心75%×R位置处,弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值为10.9%±0.1%。
在上述技术方案的基础上,对在距桨毂中心10%×R、85%×R和100%×R的位置处的弦长分别进行改进,能够进一步提高螺旋桨10的气动效率并降低其噪声水平,从而进一步延长无人机100的悬停时间并降低无人机100的噪声。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心10%×R位置处,弦长L1与所述螺旋桨直径2R的比值为7.1%±0.5%。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心85%×R位置处,弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值为8.5%±0.1%。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,弦长L1与螺旋桨的直径2R的比值为1.9%±0.1%。
在本发明所提供的螺旋桨中,优选地,所述桨叶的最大弦长在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处。
在一些实施例中,可取螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
在距所述桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述弦长为20±0.3mm;
在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长为26±0.3mm;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长为23±0.3mm。
可选地,在距所述桨毂中心10%×R的位置处,所述弦长为15±0.5mm。
可选地,在距所述桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述弦长为18±0.3mm。
可选地,在距所述桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述弦长为4±0.3mm。
对于上述技术方案,本发明实施例提供一种具体的螺旋桨,该螺旋桨的半径R的取值为105mm,桨榖的半径r为6.75mm,桨叶的长度可选地为98.25mm。在距桨毂中心31.5mm的位置处,所述弦长为20mm;在距所述桨 毂中心52.5mm位置处,所述弦长为26mm;在距所述桨毂中心78.5mm的位置处,所述弦长为23mm。进一步优选地,在距桨毂中心10.5mm的位置处,所述弦长为15mm。进一步优选地,在距所述桨毂中心89.25mm的位置处,所述弦长为18mm。进一步优选地,在距所述桨毂中心105mm的位置处,所述弦长为4mm。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,上述截面的位置并不局限于上述方案,可略微变动。
在本发明实施例中对无人机100的桨叶2中的多个截面处的扭转角进行改进,其中,在距桨毂中心30%×R、50%×R和75%×R截面处的扭转角所具有的改进具有最优的效果。
在一些实施例中,桨叶2的扭转角α参数设置如下:
在距桨毂中心30%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为25°±0.3°;
在距桨毂中心50%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为19°±0.5°;
在距桨毂中心75%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为14°±0.5°。
上述桨叶2的扭转角的设置,能够有效保证桨叶2具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨10的气动效率并降低其噪声水平,从而进一步延长无人机100的悬停时间并降低无人机100的噪声。
在上述技术方案的基础上,对桨叶2中距桨毂中心r~10%×R、85%×R和100%×R截面处的扭转角分别进行改进,能够进一步提高螺旋桨10的气动效率并降低其噪声水平,从而进一步延长无人机100的悬停时间并降低无人机100的噪声。
在一些实施例中,在距桨毂中心r~10%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为13°±0.5°;
在距桨毂中心85%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为12°±0.5°;
在距桨毂中心100%×R位置处,桨叶2的扭转角为10°±0.5°。
对于上述技术方案,本发明实施例提供一种具体的螺旋桨,该螺旋桨的 半径R为105mm,桨榖的半径r为6.75mm,桨叶的长度可选地为98.25mm。在距桨毂中心31.5mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为25°;在距所述桨毂中心52.5mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为19°;在距所述桨毂中心78.75mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为14°。进一步优选地,在距桨毂中心6.75mm~10.5mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为13°。进一步优选地,在距所述桨毂中心89.25mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为12°。进一步优选地,在距所述桨毂中心105mm位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为10°。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,上述截面的位置并不局限于上述方案,可略微变动。
在一些实施例中,桨叶2的翼型相对厚度采用如下设置:
在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对厚度为11%±0.5%;
在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对厚度为7.1%±0.3%;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对厚度为5.2%±0.3%。
如图5所示,在上述螺旋桨10中,L2为距桨毂中心的距离,在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,也就是L2为r至30%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时;在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,也就是L2为30%的螺旋桨10的半径长度至75%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时;在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,也就是L2为75%的螺旋桨10的半径长度至100%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时。
在优选实施例中,在上述螺旋桨10中,在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为与前缘a相距(27.5%±0.5%)×弦长L1处;在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为与前缘a相距(18%±0.3%)的弦长处;在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为与前缘a相距(23%±0.3%)×弦长L1处。上述优选设置 的翼型最大相对厚度,能够有效保证桨叶2的气动效率并降低其噪声水平,从而进一步延长无人机100的悬停时间并降低无人机100的噪声。
对于上述技术方案,本发明实施例提供一种具体的螺旋桨,该螺旋桨的半径R为105mm,桨榖的半径r为6.75mm,桨叶的长度可选地为98.25mm。在距桨毂中心6.75mm~31.5mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为11%;在距所述桨毂中心31.5mm~78.75mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为7.1%;在距所述桨毂中心78.75mm~105mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为5.2%。
本领域技术人员可以理解的是,上述截面的位置并不局限于上述方案,可略微变动。
在一些实施例中,桨叶2的翼型相对弯度采用如下设置:
在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对弯度为5%±0.5%;
在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对弯度为5.8%±0.3%;
在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,桨叶2的翼型相对弯度为4.5%±0.3%。
在上述螺旋桨10中,在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,也就是L2为r至30%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时;在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R位置处,也就是L2为30%的螺旋桨10的半径长度至75%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时;在距桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,也就是L2为75%的螺旋桨10的半径长度至100%的螺旋桨10的半径长度时。
在优选实施例中,在上述螺旋桨10中,在距桨毂中心r~30%×R位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为与前缘a相距(38.5%±0.5%)×弦长L1处;在距桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为与前缘a相距(43.5%±0.3%)×弦长L1处;在距桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R位置处,所述桨叶2的翼型相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为与前缘a相距(22.5%±0.3%)×弦长L1处。上述优选 设置的翼型最大相对弯度,也能够进一步地提高螺旋桨10的气动效率并降低其噪声水平,从而进一步延长无人机100的悬停时间并降低无人机100的噪声。
对于上述技术方案,本发明实施例提供一种具体的螺旋桨,该螺旋桨的半径R为105mm,桨榖的半径r为6.75mm,桨叶的长度可选地为98.25mm。在距桨毂中心6.75mm~31.5mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5%;在距所述桨毂中心31.5mm~78.75mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5.8%;在距所述桨毂中心78.75mm~105mm位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为4.5%。
在本发明实施例中,上述技术方案适用于雷诺数范围在10 4~5×10 5的范围内的螺旋桨。
本发明实施例的螺旋桨电机,通过设置特定的弦长分别、扭转角分布和翼型分布,以及将桨叶设置成“柳叶型”,能够有效保证桨叶具有最佳的工作性能,能够有效提高螺旋桨的气动效率,降低其噪声水平。进一步地,将该螺旋桨应用于动力组件和无人机,能够相应提高动力组件和无人机的效率,进而能够有效延长无人机的悬停时间,同时降低无人机的噪声水平,提高无人机的飞行安全性,并提高用户使用的舒适度。
需要说明的是,本发明的说明书及其附图中给出了本发明的较佳的实施例,但是,本发明可以通过许多不同的形式来实现,并不限于本说明书所描述的实施例,这些实施例不作为对本发明内容的额外限制,提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。并且,上述各技术特征继续相互组合,形成未在上面列举的各种实施例,均视为本发明说明书记载的范围;进一步地,对本领域普通技术人员来说,可以根据上述说明加以改进或变换,而所有这些改进和变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种螺旋桨,包括桨毂和与所述桨毂相连的桨叶,所述桨叶包括桨根以及背离所述桨根的桨尖,所述桨叶具有前缘和后缘,所述桨毂的半径为r,所述螺旋桨的半径为R,其特征在于:
    所述桨叶呈柳叶型;
    在距桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为9.5%±0.3%;
    距桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为12.3%±0.1%;
    距桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨的直径的比值为10.9%±0.1%。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述桨叶具有中轴线,所述前缘和后缘相对于所述中轴线对称。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述桨叶在靠近所述桨尖的部分的弦长分布呈椭圆形。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述弦长为20±0.3mm;
    在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述弦长为26±0.3mm;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述弦长为23±0.3mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距桨毂中心10%×R的位置处,所述弦长与所述螺旋桨直径的比值为7.1%±0.5%。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
    在距所述桨毂中心10%×R的位置处,所述弦长为15±0.5mm。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述弦长与螺旋桨的直径的比值为8.5%±0.1%。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
    在距所述桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述弦长为18±0.3mm。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述弦长与螺旋桨的直径的比值为1.9%±0.1%。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述螺旋桨的半径R=100mm~150mm,
    在距所述桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述弦长为4±0.3mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述桨叶的最大弦长在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为25°±0.3°;
    在距所述桨毂中心50%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为19°±0.5°;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为14°±0.5°。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距所述距桨毂中心r~10%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为13°±0.5°。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距桨毂中心85%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为12°±0.5°。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距桨毂中心100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的扭转角为10°±0.5°。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为11%±0.5%;
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为7.1%±0.3%;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对厚度为5.2%±0.3%;
    其中,所述翼型相对厚度为所述桨叶的翼型的厚度与翼型的弦长的比值。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,
    在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘27.5%±0.5%的弦长处;
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘18%±0.3%的弦长处;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对厚度中的最大厚度位置为距前缘23%±0.3%的弦长处。
  18. 根据权利要求1-17中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于:
    在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5%±0.5%;
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为5.8%±0.3%;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型相对弯度为4.5%±0.3%;
    其中,所述翼型相对弯度为所述桨叶的翼型的中弧线的弯度与弦长的比值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,
    在距所述桨毂中心r~30%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘38.5%±0.5%弦长处;
    在距所述桨毂中心30%×R~75%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘43.5%±0.3%的弦长处;
    在距所述桨毂中心75%×R~100%×R的位置处,所述桨叶的翼型的相对弯度中的最大弯度位置为距前缘22.5%±0.3%的弦长处。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的螺旋桨,其特征在于,所述螺旋桨的雷诺数范围为10 4~5×10 5
  21. 一种动力组件,其特征在于,包括:电机以及权利要求1至20中任一项所述的螺旋桨,所述螺旋桨的桨毂与所述电机的输出轴连接。
  22. 一种无人机,其特征在于,包括:机身、与所述机身相连的机臂以及安装于所述机臂的如权利要求21所述的动力组件。
PCT/CN2019/101799 2018-08-28 2019-08-21 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机 WO2020042983A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201821401883.7U CN209241318U (zh) 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机
CN201821401883.7 2018-08-28

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020042983A1 true WO2020042983A1 (zh) 2020-03-05

Family

ID=67517207

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/101799 WO2020042983A1 (zh) 2018-08-28 2019-08-21 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN209241318U (zh)
WO (1) WO2020042983A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN209241318U (zh) * 2018-08-28 2019-08-13 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5433586A (en) * 1991-03-27 1995-07-18 Cessna Aircraft Company Tapered propeller blade design
CN102963522A (zh) * 2012-10-31 2013-03-13 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 临近空间螺旋桨
CN105235893A (zh) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 一种螺旋桨及飞行器
CN205418072U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-03 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器
CN206243477U (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-06-13 中强光电股份有限公司 飞行器及其旋翼
US20170355454A1 (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-14 Gopro, Inc. Propeller Blade Beta Twist
CN209241318U (zh) * 2018-08-28 2019-08-13 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5433586A (en) * 1991-03-27 1995-07-18 Cessna Aircraft Company Tapered propeller blade design
CN102963522A (zh) * 2012-10-31 2013-03-13 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 临近空间螺旋桨
CN105235893A (zh) * 2015-10-27 2016-01-13 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 一种螺旋桨及飞行器
CN205418072U (zh) * 2016-02-26 2016-08-03 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器
US20170355454A1 (en) * 2016-06-14 2017-12-14 Gopro, Inc. Propeller Blade Beta Twist
CN206243477U (zh) * 2016-11-10 2017-06-13 中强光电股份有限公司 飞行器及其旋翼
CN209241318U (zh) * 2018-08-28 2019-08-13 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN209241318U (zh) 2019-08-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102415393B1 (ko) 상보적 앵글형 로터를 구비한 수직 이착륙 날개형 비행체
US20170334557A1 (en) Delta fuselage for vertical take-off and landing (vtol) aircraft
CN204822069U (zh) 一种涵道四旋翼无人机构型
WO2020134136A1 (zh) 一种无人飞行器
US10343774B2 (en) Quad rotor aircraft with fixed wing and variable tail surfaces
WO2021023187A1 (zh) 一种倾转旋翼无人机的控制方法及倾转旋翼无人机
CN105173076B (zh) 一种垂直起降无人机
CN109263932A (zh) 一种可垂直升降的多旋翼飞行器
WO2020024488A1 (zh) 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人飞行器
WO2020006953A1 (zh) 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机
CN103754360B (zh) 一种类飞碟式旋翼机
WO2020042983A1 (zh) 螺旋桨、动力组件及无人机
CN110896624A (zh) 螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器
JP7488200B2 (ja) テールシッター
CN109229360A (zh) 剪刀式双旋翼跷跷板式自转旋翼机
CN210793660U (zh) 一种单旋翼尾座式垂直起降无人机
CN110562448A (zh) 尾座式无人机
CN209274896U (zh) 一种倾转摆线风扇翼装置、倾转摆线风扇翼飞行器
CN113968341B (zh) 一种使用仿生小翼的微型无人机
CN109649650A (zh) 鸭式布局尾座式垂直起降飞行器
WO2021047683A1 (zh) 一种螺旋桨、动力组件及飞行器
CN108033012A (zh) Vtol固定翼无人机及其固定翼结构
CN209581874U (zh) 一种垂直起降无人机
CN209506062U (zh) 一种无人机助推扰流装置
CN207225653U (zh) 飞行器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19855741

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19855741

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1