WO2021043365A1 - Procédé de fabrication de rotor, rotor et moteur asynchrone - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de rotor, rotor et moteur asynchrone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021043365A1
WO2021043365A1 PCT/DE2020/100703 DE2020100703W WO2021043365A1 WO 2021043365 A1 WO2021043365 A1 WO 2021043365A1 DE 2020100703 W DE2020100703 W DE 2020100703W WO 2021043365 A1 WO2021043365 A1 WO 2021043365A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
asynchronous motor
rods
producing
rod
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2020/100703
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Friedel
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Publication of WO2021043365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021043365A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/0012—Manufacturing cage rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
    • H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
    • H02K17/20—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors having deep-bar rotors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a rotor of an asynchronous motor, a rotor for an asynchronous motor and an asynchronous motor, in particular for driving a motor vehicle.
  • Asynchronous motors or three-phase asynchronous machines, are three-phase machines in which the rotor leads the rotating field of the stator when the electric machine is operating as a generator and when the electric machine is operating as an electric motor.
  • the rotor is also referred to as a passive rotor and can either be short-circuited continuously or occasionally.
  • the rotor With constant short-circuiting, the rotor is designed as a so-called squirrel-cage rotor.
  • Squirrel cage includes a squirrel cage made of electrically conductive rods and short-circuit rings as well as a plurality of metal sheets or at least one laminated core, the laminations usually being produced by a stamping process and the at least one laminated core essentially forming the body of the rotor.
  • the rods are arranged in openings in the metal sheets, their direction of longitudinal extent having at least one axial component through the rotor body.
  • a short-circuit ring is arranged on each of the axial end faces of the rotor and connected to a respective rod protruding from an opening in an axially end-side sheet metal.
  • the rods and short-circuit rings are produced as separate components and the rods are passed through the openings in the metal sheets.
  • the rods are then soldered or screwed to a short-circuit ring arranged axially on the end face of the rotor body in order to form the short-circuit cage and secure the Position of the rods and the short-circuit rings in relation to the sheets.
  • the rods and short-circuit rings are usually made of the same material.
  • Another manufacturing option provides that the sheets are assembled and used as a sheet stack in a casting mold.
  • the material of the rods and short-circuit rings is introduced as casting material in order to cast the short-circuit rings and the rods as a common element.
  • Such defects can occur both in the short-circuit ring and in the rods.
  • the cavities and / or pores in the short-circuit rings represent material defects, so that when the asynchronous motor is operated under the rotational effect of centrifugal forces on the short-circuit ring, there is a risk that the short-circuit ring will deform or even tear in an inadmissible manner.
  • due to voids and / or pores in the rods there may be the problem that a large electrical resistance builds up in an affected rod when current flows through the squirrel-cage rotor, which, in addition to electrical inefficiency, leads to a sharp increase in temperature in this rod, up to and including a Melting of the respective affected rod.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a method for producing a rotor for an asynchronous motor, a rotor for an asynchronous motor and an asynchronous motor equipped with a rotor, which can be carried out simply and efficiently in terms of process technology and which can produce a rotor with a long Guarantee service life.
  • the object is achieved by the method according to the invention for producing a rotor of an asynchronous motor according to claim 1.
  • Advantageous refinements of the method are specified in subclaims 2 to 8.
  • a rotor for an asynchronous motor according to claim 9 is made available.
  • an asynchronous motor comprising a rotor produced according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 8 or a rotor according to claim 9 is provided.
  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rotor of an asynchronous motor.
  • a rotor body with a plurality of openings running axially parallel with at least one component of their respective longitudinal extension direction and a plurality of rods made of electrically conductive material are provided.
  • At least one rod is inserted into a respective opening, and the respective inserted rod is acted upon by a compressive force that runs essentially axially along its longitudinal extension direction, so that the rod is compressed.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the rod is changed and / or the cross-sectional area of the rod is increased.
  • the rotor is thus a squirrel-cage rotor and the rods are part of a squirrel-cage cage of the squirrel-cage rotor.
  • the rotor body is essentially a laminated core or a module assembled from several laminated cores.
  • a laminated core is produced in particular from a plurality of identical, stamped metal sheets, a respective sheet metal being designed essentially in the form of a ring and the sheets being arranged coaxially to one another, so that the laminated core is designed essentially as a hollow cylinder.
  • the openings made in the sheets are matched to one another with respect to their respective angular positions when the sheets are positioned to form a sheet stack so that at least a regional overlap of the openings of sheets that are immediately adjacent to one another is realized in the axial direction. This creates elongated openings or cavities or channels in the rotor body.
  • the individual metal sheets are rotated relative to one another in the circumferential direction in such a way that the axial course of the openings through the rotor body also has an extension component tangential to the circumferential direction in addition to an extension component in the axial direction.
  • this does not, of course, exclude the possibility that the openings and thus also the rods can be implemented through the rotor body in an essentially axially parallel manner.
  • an adjustment of the angular positions of the sheets to one another can serve to ensure that gears formed radially on the inside of the sheets fit one another and together form an internal gear profile, by means of which the hollow cylindrical laminated core can be arranged non-rotatably on a shaft with an external toothed profile designed complementary to the internal gear profile of the sheet core.
  • the openings run from one axial end face of the rotor body to the opposite axial end face of the rotor body.
  • the metal sheets are optionally coated on their axial sides with insulating varnish which, however, is not damaged when the rods are inserted into the openings or when the rods are compressed.
  • the metal sheets or the laminated core are preferably made at least partially from steel.
  • the inventive method enables the production of the rotor of the asynchronous motor with maximum quality assurance due to the fact that the essential components of the rotor can be manufactured as individual parts and can be monitored and controlled accordingly during their production or afterwards.
  • the individual components are only finally positioned and attached to one another in the rotor body.
  • the rods can be given such a profile that they optimally fill the openings in the rotor body and contribute to the optimization of the electrical properties and a long service life of the rotor.
  • the cross-sectional shape of a respective rod is preferably already largely adapted to the cross-sectional shape of a respective opening, so that the rods form a slight V-shape or an acute-angled, essentially isosceles triangle even before the upsetting in cross-section.
  • a respective rod to be upset protrudes axially beyond the rotor body at least on one side, in particular on both sides, before the upset.
  • a respective rod protrudes axially at least on one side, in particular on both sides, beyond the rotor body.
  • a respective rod protrudes less far from the rotor body after the upsetting than before the upsetting.
  • this short section can have an axial extension of less than one millimeter.
  • the rods are heated prior to upsetting in order to reduce at least one strength property.
  • This embodiment of the method enables compression and change in shape or cross-sectional area enlargement of the rods with less energy input, since lower forces are necessary to bring about these changes.
  • Rod material with a reduced strength property can also more easily reach narrower areas of the openings when compressed, such as, for example, tapering corners of openings with a triangular cross-section.
  • the rods are preferably heated to a temperature which is below a temperature which exposes the rotor body to a disadvantageous thermal load.
  • the rods are heated by means of electrical resistance heating when they are positioned in the openings of the rotor body.
  • the upsetting can be carried out very quickly after the heating and, accordingly, a time-related cooling of the rods can essentially be avoided.
  • the invention is not limited to heating the rods positioned in the openings of the rotor body by means of electrical resistance heating. Likewise, it is not absolutely necessary that the rods are already positioned in the openings of the rotor body when heated by means of electrical resistance heating.
  • the rods are heated to a temperature such that pores and / or cavities in the rod material are reduced and / or made smaller during the upsetting.
  • axial ends of the rods arranged in the openings are mechanically and electrically conductively connected to a short-circuit ring.
  • the rod ends are mechanically connected to a first short-circuit ring on a first axial side of the rotor body, and the Rod ends are mechanically connected to a second axial side of the rotor body with a second short-circuit ring.
  • the short-circuit ring is connected to ends of the rods arranged in the openings by means of friction welding. It is provided in particular that the rotor body with the rods arranged therein is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner and the short-circuit ring rotates in relation to the rotor body.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a rotor of an asynchronous motor has the advantage that a rotor which has a long service life can be produced in a manner that is simple and efficient in terms of process technology.
  • the short-circuit disks and rods of the short-circuit cage of the rotor are not put together until the entire rotor is manufactured, these individual components can be manufactured independently of one another.
  • the short-circuit disks and rods can be checked or checked and monitored prior to their assembly, which makes it possible to fall back on a large number of reliable and / or less complex test methods.
  • it can be ensured that voids and pores in the components of the short-circuit cage are reliably detected.
  • short-circuit disks and rods separately, it is possible to minimize the risk of the formation of cavities and pores when choosing the manufacturing process and performing the same. It is also possible to use different materials for the short-circuit disks and the rods.
  • a rotor for an asynchronous motor which has a rotor body with a plurality of openings running parallel to the axis with at least one component of their respective longitudinal extension direction and axially compressed rods made of electrically conductive material arranged therein.
  • the rods are mechanically and electrically conductively connected at both ends with a short-circuit ring.
  • the rotor body is essentially made from a laminated core or several laminated cores through which the openings run.
  • an asynchronous motor in particular for driving a motor vehicle, comprising a rotor produced according to the method according to the invention or a rotor according to the invention is provided.
  • FIG. 1 a rotor according to the invention in a first method step of a method according to the invention for producing a rotor
  • FIG. 2 the rotor according to the invention in a second method step of the method according to the invention for producing a rotor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a rotor 1 according to the invention in a first method step of a method according to the invention for producing a rotor 1.
  • the rotor 1 shown here is a squirrel-cage rotor, the illustration of the rotor 1 being merely schematic.
  • the rotor 1 comprises a rotor body 10 and rods 20 of a squirrel cage.
  • the rotor body 10 is formed from a plurality of laminations assembled to form a laminated core and essentially has the In the form of a hollow cylinder, the rotor body 10 is set up to be arranged with its radial inside 13 on a radial outside of a shaft (not shown here) for the purpose of realizing an output of an asynchronous motor equipped with the rotor 1.
  • An internal profile toothing on the radial inside 13 of the rotor body 10, which cannot be seen here due to the schematic nature of the illustration, is in engagement with a complementary external profile toothing on the radial outside of the shaft.
  • the rotor body 10 comprises a plurality of openings 11 which extend essentially in the axial direction through the entire rotor body 10, a rod 20 being arranged in a respective opening 11.
  • the openings 11 here essentially have the shape of an isosceles triangle in cross section and are arranged at regular angular intervals on the circumference of the rotor body 10 in relation to an axis of rotation 2 of the rotor 1.
  • the rods 20 arranged in the openings 11 are each subjected to a substantially axially extending compressive force along their longitudinal extension directions, so that a respective rod 20 is compressed and, as a result, the cross-sectional shape of the Rod 20 is changed and / or the cross-sectional area of rod 20 is increased.
  • the cross-sectional shape or size of a respective rod 20 adapts to the cross-sectional shape or size of a respective opening 11 in which it is arranged. This pressing of the rods 20 into the openings 11 thus realizes a form-fitting and preferably fixed connection between the rods 20 and the rotor body 10.
  • the rotor 1 is shown in a state of this first method step in which the rods 20 have already completely adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the openings 11.
  • the rods 20 protrude from the openings 11 with their axial ends 21 on one end face 12 of the rotor body 10 and on the other end face of the rotor body 10, which is not shown here.
  • These protruding axial ends 21 of the rods 20 are used in a second method step of the method according to the invention for manufacturing the rotor 1 to connect short-circuit rings.
  • This second method step of the method according to the invention for producing a rotor 1 is shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 2 the representation in FIG. 2 is only of a schematic nature.
  • a short-circuit ring 22 is arranged on a respective end face 12 of the rotor body 10.
  • the radial extension of the short-circuit ring 22 is greater than the radial extension of the rods covered here by the short-circuit ring 22, so that a respective rod with its entire end face rests against the axial side of the short-circuit ring 22 facing the rotor body 10.
  • the short-circuit ring 22 is placed coaxially with the rotor 1 on the protruding, axial ends of the rods and is subjected to a compressive force in the direction of the rotor body 10.
  • the rotor body 10 with the rods fixedly arranged therein is held in a rotationally fixed manner and the short-circuit ring 22 is set in rotation relative to the rotor body 10.
  • the relative rotation is illustrated by arrows.
  • a rotor with a long service life can be manufactured simply and efficiently in terms of process technology.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de rotor de moteur asynchrone, un rotor de moteur asynchrone et un moteur asynchrone, en particulier pour entraîner un véhicule automobile. Dans le procédé de fabrication de rotor (1) de moteur asynchrone, un corps de rotor (10) ayant une pluralité d'ouvertures (11) s'étendant de façon continue axialement en parallèle, et une pluralité de barres (20) en matériau électriquement conducteur, au moins une barre (20) est introduite dans chaque ouverture (11), chaque barre (20) introduite est soumise à une force de compression s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale de l'étendue de la barre de telle sorte que la barre (20) est comprimée, et par conséquent, la forme en coupe transversale de la barre (20) est modifiée et/ou la surface de section transversale de la barre (20) est augmentée. Selon l'invention, le procédé de fabrication de rotor de moteur asynchrone, le rotor de moteur asynchrone et le moteur asynchrone, peuvent être utilisés pour produire un rotor au moyen d'un procédé simple et efficace et faire fonctionner ledit rotor de manière fiable.
PCT/DE2020/100703 2019-09-03 2020-08-13 Procédé de fabrication de rotor, rotor et moteur asynchrone WO2021043365A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019123552.9A DE102019123552A1 (de) 2019-09-03 2019-09-03 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotors, Rotor sowie Asynchronmotor
DE102019123552.9 2019-09-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021043365A1 true WO2021043365A1 (fr) 2021-03-11

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PCT/DE2020/100703 WO2021043365A1 (fr) 2019-09-03 2020-08-13 Procédé de fabrication de rotor, rotor et moteur asynchrone

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4019112A1 (de) * 1990-06-15 1992-01-02 Grundfos Int Verfahren zur herstellung eines rotors
JPH06153469A (ja) * 1992-11-10 1994-05-31 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 誘導電動機の回転子導体製造方法
US5937508A (en) * 1995-06-15 1999-08-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method for making squirrel-cage motor
DE102014208887A1 (de) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mittels Reibschweißen hergestellter Käfigläuferrotor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4019112A1 (de) * 1990-06-15 1992-01-02 Grundfos Int Verfahren zur herstellung eines rotors
JPH06153469A (ja) * 1992-11-10 1994-05-31 Matsushita Seiko Co Ltd 誘導電動機の回転子導体製造方法
US5937508A (en) * 1995-06-15 1999-08-17 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method for making squirrel-cage motor
DE102014208887A1 (de) * 2014-05-12 2015-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mittels Reibschweißen hergestellter Käfigläuferrotor

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