WO2021042872A1

WO2021042872A1 - Garbage incinerator and waste heat recovery system for garbage incinerator

Info

Publication number: WO2021042872A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/101892
Authority: WO
Inventors: 闵鑫沛; 闵含金
Original assignee: 闵鑫沛
Priority date: 2019-09-02
Filing date: 2020-07-14
Publication date: 2021-03-11
Also published as: CN110454798A; CN110454798B

Abstract

Provided are a garbage incinerator and a waste heat recovery system for a garbage incinerator. The garbage incinerator comprises an incinerator body (1), wherein an incinerator chamber (2) for solid garbage combustion is arranged in the incinerator body (1), the incinerator chamber (2) is in horizontal communication with a flue gas combustion chamber for the combustion of flue gas guided from the incinerator chamber (2), a plurality of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes (3) with two open ends are vertically distributed in the flue gas combustion chamber in an array manner, a gap between adjacent high-temperature silicon carbon tubes (3) forms a secondary flue gas combustion cavity, and a tertiary flue gas combustion cavity is formed in each high-temperature silicon carbon tube (3). The flue gas generated during solid garbage combustion forms secondary combustion in a high-temperature flue on an outer wall of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube (3), and the flue gas then penetrates into the high-temperature silicon carbon tube (3) to form tertiary high-temperature combustion, such that the defect in the prior art of the combustion effect not being prominent is overcome, and the effects of reducing the emission of harmful gases such as dioxin and sterilizing the flue gas can be achieved.

Description

Waste incinerator and waste heat recovery system of waste incinerator

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of garbage treatment equipment, in particular to a garbage incinerator. In addition, the invention also relates to a recovery system for processing the waste heat generated by the above-mentioned garbage incinerator.

Background technique

Garbage incineration is a widely used method of garbage disposal. Garbage incineration is the burning of garbage in an incinerator, and the released heat can be used for heating or power generation. During the incineration of garbage, a large amount of harmful gases are produced. Among them, dioxins are highly toxic substances. Dioxins discharged into the atmosphere can be adsorbed on particulate matter, settled in water and soil, and then enriched by the food chain. Enter the human body, thereby causing harm to the human body.

The generation of dioxin-like harmful gases is mainly caused by the incomplete combustion of garbage during the incineration process and the short duration of the high-temperature environment. For this reason, the prior art (CN105066140B) discloses a garbage incinerator, which is provided for burning The first furnace body for solid waste, the second furnace body for burning the gas decomposed when the solid waste is burned, the exhaust part for preheating and introducing fresh air into the first furnace body and the second furnace body, and the induced air With pipes and fans, the prior art can raise the temperature of the incinerator, so that the temperature in the incinerator can reach 950-1100°C, which can reach the decomposition temperature of dioxin, thereby reducing harmful gas emissions. However, the incomplete combustion gas decomposed during the burning of solid waste is re-burned only by the air delivered to the second furnace body, and the combustion efficiency is not outstanding.

technical problem

Based on the above-mentioned background problems, the present invention aims to provide a waste incinerator with a high-temperature silicon carbon tube, so that the flue gas generated during the burning of solid waste forms a secondary combustion in the high-temperature flue on the outer wall of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube, and the flue gas passes through The third high-temperature combustion is formed in the high-temperature silicon carbon tube, which solves the defect of the inconspicuous combustion effect in the prior art, and can reduce the emission of harmful gases such as dioxins and the effect of flue gas sterilization. Another object of the present invention is to provide a recovery system for processing the waste heat generated by the above-mentioned garbage incinerator.

Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

A garbage incinerator includes a furnace body, wherein a furnace for burning solid waste is provided in the furnace body. The furnace is horizontally connected with a flue gas combustion chamber for burning the flue gas drawn from the furnace, and the interior is vertical. A number of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes with openings at both ends are distributed in the array, and the gap between adjacent high-temperature silicon-carbon tubes forms a flue gas secondary combustion chamber, and the inside of each high-temperature silicon-carbon tube forms flue gas tertiary combustion Cavity.

In one embodiment, the flue gas combustion chamber is divided into an upper smoke chamber, a middle smoke chamber, and a lower smoke chamber which are sequentially distributed up and down by an upper partition and a lower partition arranged in parallel up and down, and the middle smoke chamber is connected to the lower smoke chamber. The furnace is connected.

Wherein, the high-temperature silicon carbon tube is vertically inserted between the upper partition and the lower partition, and a side of the upper partition away from the furnace is provided with a counter for the smoke after secondary combustion to enter the upper smoke chamber. For the smoke burning port, the top end of the high temperature silicon carbon tube extends upward into the upper smoke chamber so that the smoke of the upper smoke chamber enters the high temperature silicon carbon tube for three combustions.

Wherein, the bottom end of the high temperature silicon carbon tube is embedded on the lower barrier layer, and the lower barrier layer is provided with through holes at the corresponding positions of the high temperature silicon carbon tube to allow the flue gas after the third combustion to enter the lower smoke chamber.

Preferably, the top of the upper smoke chamber is further provided with an inspection port, the upper cover of the inspection port is provided with an inspection cover; the side of the middle smoke chamber away from the furnace is also provided with an ash removal port; the lower smoke chamber is provided There is a flue outlet for exhausting the flue gas after the third combustion.

In one embodiment, a lower header and an upper header are provided in parallel along the flue gas drainage direction at the bottom of the furnace, and the lower header and the upper header are connected by a furnace drain cold pipe.

In one embodiment, the waste incinerator further includes a feed system, the feed system includes a feed hopper arranged on the top of the furnace body, and a feed channel for communicating the feed hopper with the furnace chamber.

Preferably, an automatic feeder for controlling the feed amount is also provided between the feed hopper and the feed channel.

In an embodiment, the waste incinerator further includes a flue gas drainage system, and the flue gas drainage system includes an induced draft fan.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention also provides a waste incinerator waste heat recovery system for processing the flue gas produced by the above-mentioned waste incinerator, including a waste heat boiler connected with the flue gas combustion chamber for heat conversion, and a waste heat recovery system. A circulating induced draft fan that guides the flue gas after heat conversion to the flue gas combustion chamber for secondary combustion.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following effects:

1. There is a flue gas combustion chamber in horizontal communication with the furnace of the present invention. A number of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes with openings at both ends are distributed in a vertical array inside the flue gas combustion chamber. The flue gas generated by the combustion of solid waste in the furnace passes through the high-temperature silicon horizontally The carbon tube performs secondary combustion in the gap between adjacent high-temperature silicon-carbon tubes, and the flue gas after the secondary combustion enters the high-temperature silicon-carbon tube for three combustions. The combustion effect is outstanding and can reduce harmful gases such as dioxins. The emission and the bactericidal effect of the flue gas.

2. The waste heat recovery system of the waste incinerator provided by the present invention includes a waste heat boiler. The flue gas after the third combustion of the waste incinerator exchanges heat with the waste heat boiler to heat the water in the boiler, and the smoke after heat exchange with the waste heat boiler The gas is returned to the flue gas combustion chamber for secondary combustion to achieve the purpose of waste heat recovery and utilization.

Description of the drawings

In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments.

Figure 1 is a side view of a garbage incinerator in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the garbage incinerator in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view at A-A in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a right side view of Figure 1;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view at B-B in Figure 1;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a waste heat recovery system of a garbage incinerator in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Embodiments of the present invention

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In order to solve the defect that the burning effect of the garbage incinerator in the prior art is not prominent, the present invention provides a garbage incinerator, as shown in FIG. The furnace 2 is connected horizontally with: a flue gas combustion chamber for burning the flue gas drawn from the furnace 2, and a number of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes 3 with openings at both ends are distributed in a vertical array inside, adjacent to each other The gaps between the high temperature silicon carbon tubes 3 form a flue gas secondary combustion cavity, and the inside of each high temperature silicon carbon tube 3 forms a flue gas tertiary combustion cavity. The flue gas generated by the combustion of solid waste in the furnace 2 horizontally passes through the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3, and undergoes secondary combustion in the gap between adjacent high-temperature silicon carbon tubes 3, and the flue gas after the secondary combustion enters the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 The internal combustion is carried out three times, and the combustion effect is outstanding, which can reduce the emission of harmful gases such as dioxins and the effect of flue gas sterilization.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail through specific embodiments.

Example 1

A garbage incinerator, as shown in Figure 1-2, includes a furnace body 1, a feeding system for feeding the furnace body 1, and flue gas used to divert the flue gas generated in the furnace body 1 Drainage system.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the side wall of the furnace body 1 is made of refractory bricks, the bottom wall is made of refractory concrete, and the outer side of the furnace body 1 is also provided with aluminum silicate wool. The layer 101 is filled with a refractory concrete layer 102 between the inside of the furnace body 1 and the feeding channel 401 described later, and aluminum silicate wool is also laid under the refractory concrete layer 102.

In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the furnace 2 is horizontally arranged, and the furnace 2 extends to the left to the left side of the furnace body 1 to form a furnace mouth. A furnace door 103 is provided on the furnace mouth, which can be moved from The furnace door 103 adds biomass fuel into the furnace 2. In order to cool down and prevent the grate from burning dry, the bottom of the furnace 2 is provided with a lower header 201 and an upper header 202 in parallel along the flue gas drainage direction, as shown in Figure 5, the lower header 201 and the upper header The tank 202 is connected through multiple sets of furnace drain cooling pipes 203, and the lower header 201 and the upper header 202 are both existing products. As shown in Figures 2 and 5, the bottom of the furnace 2 is also provided with an ash removal door 201 to facilitate the removal of the ash from the burning of solid waste.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the flue gas combustion chamber is divided into an upper smoke chamber 3-1 and a middle smoke chamber 3- which are arranged vertically and sequentially by an upper partition 301 and a lower partition 302 arranged in parallel up and down. 2 and the lower smoke chamber 3-3. At this time, the middle smoke chamber 3-2 communicates with the furnace 2. The upper barrier layer 301 and the lower barrier layer 302 of this embodiment are both made of refractory concrete, and the upper barrier layer 301 and the refractory concrete layer 102 are connected to form an integrated structure.

In this embodiment, the high temperature silicon carbon tube 3 is vertically inserted between the upper barrier layer 301 and the lower barrier layer 302. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the top end of each of the high temperature silicon carbon tubes 3 extends upward into the upper smoke chamber 3-1 so that the flue gas entering the upper smoke chamber 3-1 enters the high temperature silicon carbon tubes 3 for three combustions The bottom end of the high temperature silicon carbon tube 3 is embedded in the lower barrier layer 302, and the lower barrier layer 302 is provided with through holes at the corresponding position of the high temperature silicon carbon tube 3 to allow the flue gas after the third combustion to enter the lower barrier layer 302. Inside the smoke chamber 3-3. It should be noted that the number of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes 3 can be adjusted as required.

As shown in Figure 2, the flue gas generated in the furnace 2 horizontally enters the middle smoke chamber 3-2 under the action of the flue gas drainage system, and the flue gas entering the middle smoke chamber 3-2 sequentially passes through the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 , And perform secondary combustion in the gap between adjacent high-temperature silicon carbon tubes 3, in order to make the smoke after secondary combustion enter the upper smoke chamber 3-1, the upper partition 301 is opened on the side away from the furnace 2 There is an anti-burning smoke port 303, the smoke after secondary combustion enters the upper smoke chamber 3-1 through the anti-burning smoke port 303, and enters from the top opening of the high temperature silicon carbon tube 3, and enters the high temperature silicon carbon tube 3 The flue gas inside passes through the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 from top to bottom and undergoes three combustions, and the flue gas after the third combustion enters the lower smoke chamber 3-3.

In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 1, an inspection port is also opened on the top of the upper smoke chamber 3-1, and an inspection cover 304 is provided on the upper cover of the inspection port to facilitate inspection and maintenance by workers; Figs. 1 and 2 As shown in and 4, the side of the middle smoke chamber 3-2 away from the furnace 2 is also provided with a cleaning port 305 to facilitate the removal of the soot carried by the flue gas; the lower smoke chamber 3-3 is provided with a supply The flue gas after the third combustion is discharged from the flue outlet 306, so that the flue gas is used for the heating of the waste heat boiler described below, so as to realize the recovery and utilization of the flue gas waste heat.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1-4, the feeding system includes a feeding hopper 4 arranged on the top of the furnace body 1 and a feeding channel for communicating the feeding hopper 4 with the furnace 2 401. The feed channel 401 is inserted into the furnace body 1, and the outer periphery of the feed channel 401 is provided with the above-mentioned refractory concrete layer 102. In order to realize automatic feeding, an automatic feeder 402 is also connected between the hopper 4 and the feeding channel 401 in this embodiment. It should be noted that the automatic feeder 402 is an existing product, and its specific structure And working principle This implementation will not go into details. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the flue gas diversion system includes an induced draft fan 5 which is arranged outside the garbage incinerator and is used to lead out flue gas in the furnace body 1.

It should be noted that the incinerator of this embodiment can adjust the combustion temperature within the range of 300-1300°C, thereby achieving full combustion of garbage and reducing harmful gas emissions.

Example 2

A waste heat recovery system for a waste incinerator, which is used to treat the flue gas produced by the waste incinerator described in the above embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 6, including a waste heat boiler connected with the flue gas combustion chamber for heat conversion 6. And a circulating induced draft fan 7 for guiding the heat-converted flue gas to the flue gas combustion chamber for secondary combustion. Specifically, the waste heat boiler 6 is in communication with the flue outlet 306, so that the flue gas after the tertiary combustion heats the waste heat boiler 6. The flue gas after the tertiary combustion undergoes heat exchange and the temperature is reduced, and part of the flue gas can pass through the dust collector After 8 is discharged into the atmosphere, the other part can be introduced into the flue gas combustion chamber by circulating induced draft fan 7 for secondary combustion.

In order to realize automatic control, the waste heat recovery system of this embodiment also includes a control system. The control system includes a temperature sensor arranged in the flue gas combustion chamber for monitoring the temperature in the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3, and for receiving the temperature sensor. The signal is used to control the action of the automatic feeder 402, the induced draft fan 5, and the circulating induced draft fan 7. The temperature sensor, the automatic feeder 402, the induced draft fan 5 and the circulating induced draft fan 7 are all electrically connected to the controller. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor is specifically a WrP/131 platinum rhodium thermocouple. The specific working principle of this embodiment is as follows.

When this embodiment is working, first add water to the waste heat boiler 6 to the set water level, then turn on the induced draft fan 5 and the circulating induced draft fan 7, and add biomass fuel through the furnace door 103. When the temperature sensor detects the high temperature silicon carbon tube When the temperature of 3 reaches 700°C, the temperature sensor transmits the signal to the controller, and the controller controls the automatic feeder 402 to automatically turn on for feeding; when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 reaches 1000°C, the signal Passed to the controller, the controller controls the automatic feeder 402 to reduce the feed volume, and at the same time controls the induced air volume of the induced draft fan 5 and the circulating induced draft fan 7 to decrease; if the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 continues to rise, Then, the controller first controls the circulation induced draft fan 7 to be closed, and further controls the automatic feeder 402 to reduce the feed and the induced air volume of the induced draft fan 5 until it is completely closed. When the temperature of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube 3 drops to 800°C, the temperature sensor transmits the signal to the controller, and the controller controls the automatic feeder 402, the induced draft fan 5, and the circulating induced draft fan 7 to start working. The control of the feed volume should maintain the negative pressure combustion in the furnace 2 to make the garbage burn more fully, eliminate smoke and sterilize more thoroughly, and minimize pollution.

It should be noted that the waste heat boiler 6 of this embodiment can also be replaced with an air heat exchanger to form a hot blast stove for use.

It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A garbage incinerator includes a furnace body, wherein a furnace for burning garbage is arranged in the furnace body, and is characterized in that:

The horizontal connection of the furnace includes:

The flue gas combustion chamber is used for burning the flue gas drawn from the furnace. A number of high-temperature silicon carbon tubes with openings at both ends are distributed in a vertical array inside, and the gaps between adjacent high-temperature silicon carbon tubes form flue gas In the secondary combustion cavity, each of the high-temperature silicon carbon tubes forms a flue gas tertiary combustion cavity.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the flue gas combustion chamber is divided into an upper smoke chamber, a middle smoke chamber, and a lower smoke chamber by upper and lower partitions arranged in parallel up and down. , The middle smoke chamber is in communication with the furnace.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the high-temperature silicon carbon tube is vertically inserted between the upper partition and the lower partition, and a side of the upper partition away from the furnace is provided for supply The smoke after the secondary combustion enters the anti-burning smoke port of the upper smoke chamber, and the top end of the high-temperature silicon carbon tube extends upward into the upper smoke chamber so that the smoke from the upper smoke chamber enters the high-temperature silicon carbon tube for third combustion.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 3, wherein the bottom end of the high temperature silicon carbon tube is embedded in the lower barrier layer, and the lower barrier layer is provided with through holes at the corresponding positions of the high temperature silicon carbon tube In order to make the smoke after the third combustion enter the lower smoke chamber.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 4, wherein the top of the upper smoke chamber is also provided with an inspection port, and the inspection port is covered with an inspection cover; the middle smoke chamber is also provided on the side far from the furnace There is a cleaning port; the lower smoke chamber is provided with a flue outlet for exhausting the flue gas after the third combustion.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the furnace is provided with a lower header and an upper header in parallel along the flue gas drainage direction, and the lower header and the upper header pass through the furnace drain cooling pipe Connected.
The waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that, the waste incinerator further comprises a feeding system, the feeding system comprising a feeding hopper arranged on the top of the furnace body, and used for discharging the feeding material The feed channel connecting the hopper and the furnace.
The garbage incinerator according to claim 7, characterized in that, an automatic feeder for controlling the feed amount is also provided between the feed hopper and the feed channel.
The waste incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the waste incinerator further comprises a flue gas drainage system, and the flue gas drainage system includes an induced draft fan.
A waste heat recovery system for a waste incinerator, characterized in that it is used to treat the flue gas produced by the waste incinerator of any one of claims 1-9, and includes waste heat connected to the flue gas combustion chamber for heat conversion A boiler and a circulating induced draft fan for guiding the flue gas after heat conversion to the flue gas combustion chamber for secondary combustion.