WO2021037896A1 - Interrupteur pyrotechnique - Google Patents
Interrupteur pyrotechnique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021037896A1 WO2021037896A1 PCT/EP2020/073827 EP2020073827W WO2021037896A1 WO 2021037896 A1 WO2021037896 A1 WO 2021037896A1 EP 2020073827 W EP2020073827 W EP 2020073827W WO 2021037896 A1 WO2021037896 A1 WO 2021037896A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- housing
- cutting
- electrical conductor
- switch according
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H39/006—Opening by severing a conductor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/40—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H39/00—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current
- H01H2039/008—Switching devices actuated by an explosion produced within the device and initiated by an electric current using the switch for a battery cutoff
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a pyrotechnic switch for cutting an electrical circuit, for example for cutting an electrical power circuit of a motor vehicle in the event of an accident.
- Pyrotechnic switches such as that disclosed in document DE102012212509, are known in the prior art.
- this system has the particular drawback of presenting a variable operating risk (depending on the cutting conditions of the electrical conductor).
- An object of the present invention is to respond to the drawbacks of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to provide a pyrotechnic switch which has a reliable circuit breaking with cut-off conditions of predictable and controlled current.
- a first aspect of the invention relates to a pyrotechnic switch, comprising: - a housing,
- the piston-housing assembly being arranged to cut the electrical conductor at least at three distinct locations, so as to form at least two free conductive strands, distinct from the rest of the electrical conductor,
- a pyrotechnic actuator arranged to force the piston to cut the electrical conductor, characterized in that the piston-housing assembly is arranged to
- each free strand has at least one base portion with either none or two folded wings arranged on either side of the base portion and for
- each free strand comprises either only a base portion (not deformed), or a base portion with two folded wings.
- each free strand is either a rectilinear or planar base portion, or a base portion framed by two folded wings.
- the pyrotechnic switch therefore comprises a piston which is movable between a rest position (in which the electrical conductor is a continuous part and can conduct electricity), and an activated position (in which the electrical conductor is no longer intact and can no longer conduct electricity).
- each free strand comprises a base portion (with or without folded wings) and this base portion is not deformed. That is to say, the base portion is a portion of the electrical conductor having the same shape before and after activation of the circuit breaker. In other words, each free strand comprises a portion (the base portion) which has the same geometry as the initial electrical conductor before cutting.
- the base portion may not undergo plastic deformation during the cutting of the initial electrical conductor.
- the base portion can simply undergo a translation during the cut, and in the final position, can be found parallel to its initial position.
- the base portion may be parallel to a bearing surface of the piston, itself preferably perpendicular to a direction of movement of the piston.
- the circuit breaker can be arranged to cut the electrical conductor by shearing.
- the circuit breaker piston may include a bearing surface which receives the base portion of each free strand without deforming it, and at least two cutting angles arranged on either side of the bearing surface, arranged to cut the electrical conductor by shearing.
- the bearing surface can be framed by two protrusions of the piston, and the two cutting angles can each be arranged on one of the protrusions, and
- each protrusion - preferably on a side of each protrusion opposite the bearing surface, so as to form a free end with an undeformed base portion and two folded wings, or
- At least one free strand, and preferably each free strand may have at least one reference portion which may occupy the same position in the box before and after switching off.
- the piston-housing assembly can be arranged to block at least one movement of each free end after cutting.
- each free end whether it is constituted by a single base portion or by a base portion and two folded wings, is held, retained or locked in place by the piston housing assembly.
- the piston-housing assembly may have cutting protrusions, so that after cutting:
- a free end with no folded wing can be arranged between two cutting protrusions with a play less than 1 mm and preferably a play less than 0.5 mm, and / or
- a free end with two folded wings can be arranged with a cutting protrusion of one of the piston-housing assembly between the two folded wings, and with two adjacent cutting protrusions of the other of the piston assembly - housing each being able to be in contact with one end of each folded wing.
- a cutting protrusion denotes a protrusion or a projection which exerts a cutting force, and / or on which the electrical conductor relies at least during a moment of the cut.
- These protrusions can be on the housing or integral with the latter (therefore considered static), or on the piston or integral with the latter (therefore considered mobile).
- a free end without bent wings has a cutting protrusion of one of the piston-housing assembly facing or at its base portion, and has its ends in contact or almost in contact with two adjacent cutting protrusions on the other of the piston-housing assembly: it cannot move lengthwise;
- each free strand once separated from the electrical conductor, is held at its ends by cutting protrusions.
- a free end with no folded wing can be arranged in an enclosed space defined between at least:
- the cutting protrusions may have relief angles.
- the piston may include cutting protrusions forming knives
- the housing can include cutting protrusions forming dies, and, after cutting, each knife of the piston can be arranged between two dies.
- each relief face, and preferably each relief face, of each knife may be facing a relief face of a die.
- This implementation ensures that the piston reliably closes a volume around the free strands.
- the undercut faces rest on each other, and as the undercuts are reversed, the contact between the blades of the piston and the dies of the housing is a contact of the surface type. Any electric arc is then reliably confined, and any leakage path is over a long distance, between two parts in surface contact.
- each knife of the piston can be arranged between two faces of a die, and preferably between two draft faces of a matrix.
- a die may be provided on either side of each knife, even with regard to the side knives: a lateral die may well be provided on each side of the casing to provide an undercut face. next to each side knife.
- the dies can be integral with or formed directly with the housing.
- the clearance angle of one of the piston / housing assembly is equal to the clearance angle of the other of the piston / housing assembly.
- the lateral faces (undercut) of the piston and of the housing are mutually parallel.
- the relief angle of one of the piston / housing assembly is different from the relief angle of the other of the piston / housing assembly, and contained in the cone of friction of the draft surfaces coming into contact.
- the side faces (undercut) of the piston and the housing are not parallel to each other, but the angle difference is less than the friction angle, so that there is jamming between the surfaces once the piston is in the activated position, so that it remains in this position. In particular, if the surfaces are plastic, then the difference in draft angles will remain less than 5 °.
- the folds of a free end with two folded wings can be symmetrical.
- the pyrotechnic switch can comprise, after switching off, two distinct elements including:
- the piston may have an axis of application of a thrust force of the pyrotechnic actuator
- the piston-housing assembly can be arranged to cut the electrical conductor at points located at a predetermined distance from the axis of application of force, and the sum of the predetermined distances of the points located on one side of the force application axis may be equal to the sum of the predetermined distances of the points located on the other side of the force application axis.
- the position of the cutting points along the electrical conductor is distributed so that the axis of application of force passes in the middle, which guarantees an absence of overturning torque on the piston. The latter will therefore have a regular and easy movement from the rest position to the activated position, with a limited risk of bracing or jamming.
- the electrical conductor may have at least a first portion anchored in the housing, and a second portion facing the piston, and the second portion may have a cross section of area less than a section area transverse of the first portion.
- the second portion is typically the one on which the piston will exert its cutting force, it is weaker, so the first portion will be little stressed. The breakage is guaranteed in the second portion.
- the first portion can be overmolded in a material forming a separate part of the housing. In conjunction with the implementation where the piston knives come between housing dies, this implementation facilitates fabrication with adequate undercuts even for overmolding of the electrical conductor, while ensuring that the piston comes into surface contact. on the housing, in the activated position.
- the piston and / or the housing may comprise at least one insert at the level of a cutting protrusion.
- the free strands can be trapped in the housing.
- the pyrotechnic switch can include anti-return elements. It is possible to envisage a tight fitting, a jamming at the end of the piston stroke, or even an engagement with a non-return tab for example.
- a second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle comprising at least one pyrotechnic switch according to the first aspect of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first implementation of a pyrotechnic switch according to the invention, before triggering;
- FIG. 2 represents the pyrotechnic switch of FIG. 1, after triggering
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a second implementation of a pyrotechnic switch according to the invention, before triggering;
- FIG. 4 shows the pyrotechnic switch of Figure 3, after triggering
- FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a third implementation of a pyrotechnic switch according to the invention, before triggering;
- FIG. 6 represents the pyrotechnic switch of FIG. 5, after triggering;
- FIG. 7 shows a detailed section of the pyrotechnic switch of FIG. 1;
- FIG. 8 shows a detail of Figure 7 to show one aspect of the invention
- Figure 1 shows a pyrotechnic switch which comprises a housing 10 consisting of an upper housing part 10A and a lower housing part 10B.
- An electrical conductor 20 passes through the housing 10 and a piston 30 is located under the electrical conductor 20, and a pyrotechnic actuator (an electro-pyrotechnic igniter 40) is provided integral with the lower part of the housing 10B.
- a pyrotechnic actuator an electro-pyrotechnic igniter 40
- the piston 30 is mounted movable relative to the housing 10, between a rest position (in Figures 1 and 7) and an activated position (in Figure 2).
- the electro-pyrotechnic igniter 40 opens onto a combustion or pressurization chamber 41, so that the triggering of the electro-pyrotechnic igniter 40 causes a sudden rise in pressure in the combustion chamber 41, which causes the passage of the piston 30 from the rest position to the activated position.
- the triggering of the electro-pyrotechnic igniter 40 is caused by an electronic control unit, after detection of a situation where it is necessary to cut the electrical conductor 20 (for example a vehicle shock, if the electrical conductor 20 is part of an electrical circuit comprising batteries to be isolated after shock).
- the piston assembly 30 - housing 10 includes cutting protrusions (or cutting and folding as explained below) which are dies 11 on the housing 10 (11 A, 11 B, 11C, 11 D in figure 7 only) and knives 31 on the piston 30 (31 A, 31 B, 31 C on figure 7).
- the electrical conductor 20 is arranged between the cutting protrusions of the housing 10, that is to say the dies 11 (11a, 11 B, 11C, 11 D in Figure 7, this will not be repeated in the remainder of the description) of the housing 10, and the cutting protrusions of the piston 30, that is to say the knives 31 (31 A, 31 B, 31 C in FIG. 7, this will not be repeated in the remainder of the description) on the piston 30.
- the knives 31 will cut the electrical conductor 20 while resting on the dies 11.
- the electrical conductor 20 is then cut at three points and two free strands 21 and 22 are created or formed, as shown in Figure 2.
- These free strands 21 and 22 are detached from the rest of the electrical conductor and as visible in Figure 2, the free strand 21 comprises only a straight base portion (or not deformed by the knives / dies, that is to say whose shape is identical before and after cutting), and the free end 22 comprises a base portion 22A, with two folded wings 22B and 22C.
- each end of the free end 21 is in contact with one of two adjacent punches 31 of the piston 30, and the ends of the folded wings 22B and 22C are also each in contact with one of two punches 31 adjacent to the piston 30.
- each free strand is blocked in the position occupied in FIG. 2.
- the free strands 21 and 22 cannot move in the axial direction of the conductor 20 before triggering (the horizontal direction of the figure 2).
- the electrical conductor 20 is molded in an attached portion 23, which is separate from the upper housing parts 10A and lower 10B. As shown in FIG. 8, this construction makes it possible to provide undercuts on the cutting protrusions located on the housing 10 which allow an additional technical effect.
- the side face 31 Cs of the knife 31 C has a relief angle, which improves the manufacture of the part by injection molding.
- the lateral face 11 Ds of the die 11 D has a relief angle.
- the draft angle of the lateral face 11 Ds of the die 11 D is effectively complementary to the relief angle of the lateral face 31 Cs of the knife 31 C. It should be noted that such a complementary angle cannot be obtained on the attached portion 23 by injection-molding.
- each punch 31 of the piston 30 of the switch has at least one lateral face which will come into surface contact with a lateral face of a die 11 of the housing. 10 (that is to say with a draft complementary to a draft of the lateral face of the matrix concerned). This creates a succession of closed spaces with surface contacts. This makes it possible to control the path of an electric arc by defining a specific non-contact zone such as a groove to force the path of the arc always in the same place.
- the cutting of the electrical conductor 20 is a shearing effect carried out at the level of the die 11 B with the knives 31 A and 31 B, and at the level of the die 11 D with the knife 31 C.
- the dies 11A and 11C serve as a fulcrum to force the bending of the electrical conductor 20 and of the free strand 22. Consequently, the cutting protrusions mentioned above participate either in the shear cut or in the bending of the electrical conductor 20.
- Figure 9 shows in detail the position of the cutting points by shearing, and their distance from an axis 100.
- the axis 100 is the axis of application of the thrust force on the piston 30.
- the electrical conductor 20 is cut at the points distant from the axis 100 by a distance x1 and x2, while on the other side of the axis 100, the conductor electrical 20 is cut at the point distant from the axis 100 by a distance x3.
- x1 + x2 x3 ⁇ 20%; so as to avoid any tilting torque of the piston 30 in the housing 10.
- the movement of the piston 30 is reliable, with forces distributed equally on each side of the axis of application of the pressure force, even when cutting by shear at several points.
- the piston 30 - housing 10 assembly is arranged to cut by shear the electrical conductor at three distinct points, so:
- each free strand 21, 22 has its ends in contact with a cutting protrusion, which maintains or blocks in place the free strands 21, 22 in the housing 10, - that, in the final position or activated position, the piston 30 contact the box
- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment, in which the piston 30 comprises four knives 31, so that the electrical conductor 20 will be cut into three free strands 21 and 22 separate.
- a free end 21 (without a folded wing) and two free ends 22 (with two folded wings) are formed, as shown in FIG. 4.
- the rest of the technical details and advantages remain identical to the first embodiment.
- Figure 5 shows a third embodiment, in which the piston 30 comprises four knives 31, so that the electrical conductor 20 will be cut into three free strands 21 and 22 separate.
- two free ends 21 (without a folded wing) and a free end 22 (with two folded wings) are formed, as shown in Figure 6.
- the rest of the technical details and advantages remain identical to the first mode of operation. production.
Landscapes
- Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
- Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20758249.5A EP4022661A1 (fr) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | Interrupteur pyrotechnique |
JP2022513432A JP2022546469A (ja) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | パイロテクニックスイッチ |
US17/753,206 US20220285115A1 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | Pyrotechnic switch |
KR1020227009710A KR20220050209A (ko) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | 파이로테크닉 스위치 |
CN202080059741.0A CN114303218A (zh) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | 烟火式开关 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1909586A FR3100375B1 (fr) | 2019-08-30 | 2019-08-30 | Interrupteur pyrotechnique |
FRFR1909586 | 2019-08-30 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021037896A1 true WO2021037896A1 (fr) | 2021-03-04 |
Family
ID=68425118
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2020/073827 WO2021037896A1 (fr) | 2019-08-30 | 2020-08-26 | Interrupteur pyrotechnique |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20220285115A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4022661A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2022546469A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20220050209A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN114303218A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3100375B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021037896A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113258540A (zh) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | 一种控制电路断开及使储能元器件释能的电路控制装置 |
WO2023083491A1 (fr) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Système et procédé de protection de circuit à courant continu haute tension |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012212509A1 (de) | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh | Schutzschalter zum Schutz von elektrischen Bauteilen vor einem Überstrom mittels explosiver Trennladung |
DE102014117280A1 (de) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-05-25 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
US20170076890A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Conduction-breaking device |
FR3064107A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-21 | Autoliv Development Ab | Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101809703B (zh) * | 2007-09-27 | 2013-01-02 | 大金工业株式会社 | 切断装置、电流断路开关、接触器以及电路遮断器 |
JP7316367B2 (ja) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-07-27 | 西安中熔電気股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 機械切断及び溶断の組み合わせを利用した複数破断口誘起ヒューズ |
-
2019
- 2019-08-30 FR FR1909586A patent/FR3100375B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-08-26 US US17/753,206 patent/US20220285115A1/en active Pending
- 2020-08-26 EP EP20758249.5A patent/EP4022661A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-08-26 WO PCT/EP2020/073827 patent/WO2021037896A1/fr unknown
- 2020-08-26 CN CN202080059741.0A patent/CN114303218A/zh active Pending
- 2020-08-26 JP JP2022513432A patent/JP2022546469A/ja active Pending
- 2020-08-26 KR KR1020227009710A patent/KR20220050209A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102012212509A1 (de) | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh | Schutzschalter zum Schutz von elektrischen Bauteilen vor einem Überstrom mittels explosiver Trennladung |
DE102014117280A1 (de) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-05-25 | Pilz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sicherheitsschaltgerät zum Ein- und sicheren Ausschalten eines elektrischen Verbrauchers |
US20170076890A1 (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-16 | Toyoda Gosei Co., Ltd. | Conduction-breaking device |
FR3064107A1 (fr) * | 2017-03-17 | 2018-09-21 | Autoliv Development Ab | Interrupteur pyrotechnique avec moyens fusibles |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113258540A (zh) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-08-13 | 西安中熔电气股份有限公司 | 一种控制电路断开及使储能元器件释能的电路控制装置 |
WO2023083491A1 (fr) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-19 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Système et procédé de protection de circuit à courant continu haute tension |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220285115A1 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
KR20220050209A (ko) | 2022-04-22 |
JP2022546469A (ja) | 2022-11-04 |
EP4022661A1 (fr) | 2022-07-06 |
CN114303218A (zh) | 2022-04-08 |
FR3100375A1 (fr) | 2021-03-05 |
FR3100375B1 (fr) | 2022-01-21 |
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