WO2021036601A1 - 一种医用转运床 - Google Patents

一种医用转运床 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036601A1
WO2021036601A1 PCT/CN2020/103712 CN2020103712W WO2021036601A1 WO 2021036601 A1 WO2021036601 A1 WO 2021036601A1 CN 2020103712 W CN2020103712 W CN 2020103712W WO 2021036601 A1 WO2021036601 A1 WO 2021036601A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cloth
moving
sprocket
bed
movable
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PCT/CN2020/103712
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李淼
余志勇
丁琳
Original Assignee
广州亚钜创新科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021036601A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036601A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0281—Stretchers with wheels having a steering device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/02—Stretchers with wheels
    • A61G1/0287—Stretchers with wheels having brakes, e.g. slowing down and/or holding
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G1/00—Stretchers
    • A61G1/04—Parts, details or accessories, e.g. head-, foot-, or like rests specially adapted for stretchers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
    • A61G7/10—Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons, e.g. special adaptations of hoists thereto
    • A61G7/1025—Lateral movement of patients, e.g. horizontal transfer
    • A61G7/103—Transfer boards

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transport tool technology for loading and unloading patients, in particular to a medical patient transfer bed suitable for transporting patients after surgery in hospitals or transporting patients who are easily damaged again during the transport process.
  • the medical transfer bed is to move and transfer patients with inconvenient mobility before and after surgery.
  • the patient is moved from the hospital bed to the transfer bed, and then from the transfer bed to the operating table or equipment requiring examination/treatment, or reverse transfer.
  • the birth of the medical transfer bed reduces the labor intensity of medical staff, and avoids the possibility of moving the patient several times during the transfer period before and after surgery.
  • the secondary injury such as it may affect the wound or lesion, not only causes great pain to the patient, but also is not conducive to the healing of the wound after the operation.
  • the medical transfer bed currently sold or used on the market is mainly composed of two parts, one is a mobile body, and the other is a mobile bed mechanism for lateral movement to transport patients; such as the "Medical Patient Transport” disclosed in Chinese Patent 98205338.X “Truck", the medical patient transport vehicle includes a body and a conveying bed platform (moving bed plate mechanism).
  • the conveying bed platform is composed of a conveying roller, a driven roller, and a conveying cloth belt installed on the conveying roller and the driven roller.
  • the conveying bed can be Under the action of the motor, it moves horizontally forward and backward.
  • Another example is the "Medical Patient Transfer Vehicle” disclosed in Chinese Patent No. 200610052776.3.
  • the movable bed board mechanism adopts a double-layer combined structure of upper movable frame/upper movable cloth and lower movable frame/lower movable cloth, which specifically includes a cloth roll frame, Fabric winding shaft, end joint seat body, clutch gear, upper movable frame/upper movable cloth, lower movable frame/lower movable cloth and other components.
  • these medical transfer beds have the following shortcomings:
  • the above-mentioned transmission cloth belt (Chinese patent 98205338.X) or the upper moving cloth (Chinese patent 200610052776.3) is driven by the rubber roller to rotate, thereby driving the transmission cloth belt or the upper moving cloth set on the rubber roller to move back and forth laterally to approach or move away
  • Operating table/patient bed because the transmission of the cloth surface requires a certain tension, the tension of the cloth surface needs to be adjusted after a long time; the cloth surface must be replaced when it is stretched to a certain degree, otherwise the guardrails set on both sides of the body will be closed.
  • the fabric surface of this structure is easy to move left and right and needs to be adjusted; in addition, the setting of the rubber roller will also cause many problems, such as the "Medical Patient Transfer Vehicle" manual disclosed in Chinese Patent 200610052776.3.
  • the gap between the roller 15 and the end fitting seat 16 is easy to get clothes into the rubber roller, and may also pinch hair during the transfer of the patient; and there will be aging of the rubber roller, the rubber roller needs to be replaced, and the operating state of the equipment is re-adjusted. And other issues.
  • the transmission mechanism of Chinese patent 200610052776.3 adopts clutch transmission.
  • the clutch adopts a mechanical control structure in which two clutch gears are attached and separated.
  • the disadvantage is that the design structure is complicated and easy to malfunction; especially the clutch part needs to be combined.
  • the two teeth of a clutch gear are not coordinated, it will cause unsmooth combination.
  • separation is required, when the two teeth are engaged, there will be separation resistance, resulting in a large difference in movement positioning, and the patient's transfer work cannot be completed.
  • the transmission cloth belt or the upper and lower moving cloths are all circular closed conveying cloths, which are in direct contact with the patient's body and are the main components used to directly transport the patient; due to the needs of medical hygiene, the transmission cloth belt may move up or down. Disinfection of the cloth surface can easily lead to cracking of the cloth surface interface and insufficient structural strength.
  • the transmission cloth belt or the upper and lower moving cloth directly contact the patient's body, and the cloth surface is easy to get dirty, including blood stains, human exudate, therapeutic drug exudate and other stains. Because the transmission cloth belt or the upper and lower moving cloth are both The endless closed conveyor cloth is difficult to clean when hidden in the machine, and it is also difficult to replace the conveyor cloth. The disassembly and assembly work of replacing the conveying cloth is no less than that of assembling a new machine. Therefore, the cloth surface is dirty. Unable to resolve.
  • the rubber roller is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, so as to drive the conveying cloth on the rubber roller to move back and forth. Misoperation may cause the patient to hit the end fitting seat 16 or even fall across the end fitting seat 16 to the bed frame of the transfer bed. s consequence.
  • the driving mechanism stops driving the rubber roller to rotate, and the conveying cloth is in a static state. Only by moving the up and down moving plate, the pickup can be completed to the desired position. If the patient is already on the transfer bed and presses the button inserted into the hospital bed by mistake, the patient will hit the terminal base 16 or even fall across the terminal base 16 to the bed frame of the transfer bed, causing a medical accident.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical transfer bed.
  • a medical transfer bed including a vehicle body with a lifting mechanism and mounted with universal casters, and a movable bed board mechanism for laterally moving and transporting patients;
  • the movable bed board mechanism is installed on the vehicle
  • the movable bed board mechanism includes an upper movable plate, an upper movable cloth, a lower movable plate, and a lower movable cloth;
  • the lower movable plate is arranged below the upper movable plate, and the upper movable plate and the lower movable plate are synchronized to Move forward or backward laterally;
  • the upper moving cloth is wrapped around the outer periphery of the upper moving plate, the upper moving cloth is longitudinally fixed with a locking bar, and the locking bar is locked on the pickup side of the upper moving cloth or unlocked
  • the lower moving cloth is wrapped around the outer circumference of the lower moving plate, and both ends of the lower moving cloth are fixed on the frame of the vehicle body and are located on the pickup side of
  • the upper moving cloth is an endlessly closed conveying cloth.
  • the upper moving cloth and/or the lower moving cloth are provided with longitudinal openings.
  • the medical transfer bed further includes fixing members for fixing the cloth openings at both ends of the lower moving cloth.
  • the locking strip is integrated or split;
  • the split locking strip includes an upper clamping strip, a lower clamping strip arranged below the upper clamping strip, the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip.
  • a locking switch for clamping and locking the strip; the upper movable cloth is arranged between the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip.
  • the lock switch includes a spring, a spring seat, a hinge shaft, and an eccentric cam handle; the spring is sleeved on the spring seat, and the spring seat sequentially penetrates the lower clamping bar and the upper clamping bar, and The surface of the upper clamping strip protrudes, and the eccentric cam handle is hinged on the top of the spring sleeve through a hinge shaft.
  • the upper moving plate or/and the lower moving plate are provided with wave patterns.
  • the upper and lower moving plates are driven by a moving plate driving mechanism to move the upper and lower moving plates synchronously forward or backward and laterally
  • the moving plate driving mechanism includes a first longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the frame of the vehicle body.
  • the moving plate motor of the wheel; both ends of the first connecting shaft are equipped with first sprocket components; each group of first sprocket components includes a first outer main sprocket, a first slave sprocket, and a first drive roller
  • the first outer main sprocket is sleeved on the first connecting shaft, the first slave sprocket is installed at the front and rear ends of the frame, the first outer main sprocket, the first slave chain
  • the wheel is
  • the locking strip is locked on the pick-up side of the upper moving cloth by a locking strip driving mechanism or moves with the upper moving cloth after unlocking;
  • the locking strip driving mechanism includes a longitudinally arranged bottom of the frame of the vehicle body
  • the locking bar motor of the output sprocket; both ends of the second connecting shaft are equipped with second sprocket components; each group of second sprocket components includes a second outer main sprocket, a second slave sprocket, and a second sprocket.
  • the second outer main sprocket is sleeved on the second connecting shaft, the second slave sprocket is respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the frame, the second outer main sprocket, the first A second transmission roller chain is fitted on the two slave sprocket wheels, and both ends of the locking bar are respectively correspondingly fixed on the second transmission roller chain through the second connecting block.
  • the locking bar driving mechanism is selected from one or a combination of two or more of a motor, a ratchet, a brake mechanism, and an electromagnetic device.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the core of the present invention is to set a locking strip in the longitudinal direction of the upper movable cloth, and fix the locking strip on the upper movable cloth, and the locking strip driving mechanism drives the locking strip to move laterally to pull the upper movable cloth on the upper side.
  • the moving board moves back and forth and laterally; when the moving bed board mechanism needs to retract the up and down moving board when receiving the patient, and the patient needs to extend the up and down moving board (that is, when the upper moving board loads the patient), it moves up and down under the drive of the moving bed drive mechanism.
  • the plate moves laterally, and the locking bar drive mechanism drives the locking bar and the upper moving plate to move synchronously back and forth.
  • the patient lying on the upper moving plate and the locking bar are relatively stationary.
  • This process overcomes the lower moving cloth relative to the lower moving plate.
  • the frictional force generated by passive rotation overcomes the frictional force at the contact surface of the up and down moving cloth, making the upper moving plate, the upper moving cloth and the patient relatively static, and the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate and the upper moving plate.
  • the contact part between the lower moving cloth and the bed surface of the hospital bed is still relatively static, so the resistance is still relatively small, and there is no problem of rolling the bed sheet.
  • the locking bar drive mechanism self-locks the locking bar and fixes the locking bar at the initial position.
  • the upper moving board and the lower moving board move forward and backward at the same time (the forward lateral movement means that the up and down moving board is gradually inserted between the patient and the bed, and the backward lateral movement means the up and down moving board is gradually withdrawn between the patient and the bed),
  • the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate, and the contact part between the lower moving cloth and the bed surface of the hospital bed remains relatively still, and the bonding surface of the upper moving cloth and the lower moving cloth remains relatively still.
  • the contact part of the moving cloth with the patient and the patient also remain relatively static. Therefore, during the overall movement of the up and down moving plate, apart from the relative movement between the moving cloth and the corresponding moving plate, there is no other relative movement.
  • the present invention replaces the method of driving the rubber roller to rotate the transmission cloth in the prior art by providing the locking strip and the power mechanism of the locking strip, which simplifies the structure of the movable bedboard mechanism, and does not require a rubber roller, that is, no glue.
  • Roll-related problems such as no need to adjust the cloth tension, cloth position, hair clipping, clothing rolls, rubber rollers need to be replaced due to aging, complex transmission of the clutch, medical accidents caused by misoperation, etc.;
  • the present invention transports the patient more smoothly. Compared with the prior art, it greatly reduces the resistance and friction in the process of transporting the patient.
  • the moving plate can be inserted under the patient very smoothly without human intervention; there is no friction coefficient to the moving cloth. It is required that the moving resistance is smaller and the power consumption is smaller.
  • a drive motor with a smaller power can be used, and the transmission is simpler, which is more conducive to increasing the load of the whole vehicle, and it is more conducive to reducing production costs.
  • the upper movable cloth and/or the lower movable cloth are designed into an open form, which can meet the needs of disassembly and replacement, achieve the purpose of preventing infection, and will not affect the strength after disinfection.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a medical transfer bed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of a medical transfer bed according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the moving bed board mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the moving bed board mechanism is not extended forward);
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area A in Fig. 3;
  • Figure 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the moving bed board mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the moving bed board mechanism extends forward);
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper and lower moving plates (including upper and lower moving cloths) of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area B in Fig. 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper and lower moving plates in the preferred embodiment of the present invention (with the upper and lower moving cloths removed);
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area C in Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area D in Fig. 8;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the upper and lower moving plates of the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the upper and lower moving cloths are removed);
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area E in Fig. 11;
  • Figure 13 is a perspective schematic view of the mobile bedboard mechanism lacking a frame in the preferred embodiment of the present invention (the mobile bedboard mechanism extends forward);
  • Fig. 14 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area F in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area G in Fig. 13;
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view of another preferred embodiment of the movable bedboard mechanism lacking a frame (the movable bedboard mechanism extends forward);
  • Fig. 17 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area H in Fig. 16;
  • Fig. 19 is an enlarged schematic diagram of area I in Fig. 18;
  • 20 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the bed frame, the lower movable cloth and the fixing member according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • 21 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the movable cloth and the fixed part in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • 22 is a schematic diagram of the working process of the medical transfer bed according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the medical transfer bed in the initial state of the present invention.
  • Moving bed board mechanism 1. Upper moving plate; 2. Upper moving cloth; 3. Lower moving plate; 4. Lower moving cloth; 5. Locking strip; 51, Upper clamping strip; 52, Lower clamp Tightening strip; 53, locking switch; 531, spring seat; 532, hinge shaft; 533, eccentric cam handle; 54, limit slot; 6, moving plate drive mechanism; 61, first connecting rod shaft; 62, first Main sprocket; 63, first roller chain; 64, first power output sprocket; 65, moving plate motor; 66, first outer main sprocket; 67, first slave sprocket; 68, first drive roller Sub-chain; 69, first connecting block; 7, locking bar drive mechanism; 71, second connecting rod shaft; 72, second main sprocket; 73, second roller chain; 74, second power output sprocket 75.
  • Locking bar motor 76, the second outer main sprocket; 77, the second slave sprocket; 78, the second drive roller chain; 79, the second connecting block; 8, the sliding plate; 9, the small roller 10, guide roller shaft; 11, rigid limit strip; 12, fixed parts; 121, fixed seat; 1211, through groove; 122, rigid fastening strip; 1221, groove; 13, wave pattern; 200, car body 21.
  • Base 22. Frame; 221. Long slot; 23. Lifting bracket; 24. Universal caster; 25. Brake pedal; 26. Lifting motor; 27. Telescopic rod; a. Transverse direction ; B, longitudinal direction; Z, initial position.
  • Embodiment 1 is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • the medical transfer bed of this embodiment includes a car body 200 with a lifting mechanism and mounted with universal casters, which is used for lateral movement and transportation.
  • the patient's movable bedboard mechanism 100; the movable bedboard mechanism is mounted on the frame 22 of the vehicle body.
  • the front and back telescoping mechanism of the movable bed board is used as the lateral direction, as shown in the direction a as shown in Fig. 1; on the same plane, the direction perpendicular to the lateral movement is the longitudinal direction, as shown in Fig.
  • Figure 1 is the moving bed board mechanism installed on the car body without telescopic operation, which is the normal state of the medical transfer bed; the moving bed board mechanism extends forward as the front, and the moving bed board mechanism retracts back to the rear.
  • the vehicle body 200 is composed of a base 21, a vehicle frame 22, a lifting bracket 23 connected between the base and the vehicle frame, and the like.
  • a universal caster 24 is installed under the base, and a brake pedal 25 is also provided on the guide caster and the universal caster on the rear side of the vehicle body, so that the operator can brake the transfer vehicle conveniently.
  • the lifting bracket 23 is driven by a lifting motor 26 installed at the bottom of the frame and a telescopic rod 27 connected between the lifting motor and the lifting bracket to complete the lifting action.
  • the left and right ends of the frame are end frames, and the front and rear sides of the frame are equipped with reversible guardrails (not shown in the figure). Wires are also led out from the rear side of the frame, and the ends of the wires are connected with a handheld controller (not shown in the figure) for controlling the actions of the motors on the medical patient transfer vehicle.
  • the moving bed board mechanism 100 includes an upper moving plate 1, an upper moving cloth 2, a lower moving plate 3, and a lower moving cloth 4;
  • the moving plate driving mechanism 6 drives the upper and lower moving plates to synchronously move forward or backward laterally;
  • the upper moving cloth wraps the outer periphery of the upper moving plate, and the upper moving cloth is longitudinally fixed with a locking strip 5, and the lock
  • the tightening strip is locked on the pickup side of the upper moving cloth by the locking strip driving mechanism 7 or moves with the upper moving cloth after the lock is released;
  • the lower moving cloth is wrapped around the outer circumference of the lower moving plate, and both ends of the lower moving cloth are fixed on the car Body on the frame and located on the pick-up side of the lower moving plate.
  • the two ends of the lower movable cloth can be fixed in a variety of ways, and an integral fixing method can be adopted, such as fixing the bottom of the frame of the car body with a clamping piece, and fixing the bottom of the frame of the car body by riveting, that is, the The method is suitable for conveying cloth in which the lower moving cloth is closed in a loop; it can also be fixed in a split manner, that is, two fixing pieces are used to respectively correspond to the cloth openings at both ends of the lower moving cloth. This method is suitable for open conveying cloth.
  • the fixing member is a fastener capable of fixing the cloth material in the prior art, and the structure and form of the fastener are not limited.
  • the core of the present invention is to set a locking strip longitudinally on the pick-up side of the upper movable cloth, and fix the locking strip on the upper movable cloth, and the locking strip driving mechanism drives the locking strip to move laterally to pull the upper movable cloth on the upper side.
  • the moving board moves back and forth laterally; when the moving bed board mechanism needs to retract the up-and-down moving board when receiving the patient or when the patient needs to extend the up-and-down moving board (that is, when the upper moving board loads the patient), the locking bar is released and the cloth is moved up.
  • the upper moving plate, the lower moving plate and the patient are relatively static, the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate and the upper moving cloth, but the part of the lower moving cloth in contact with the hospital bed/operating bed is between the hospital bed/operating bed
  • the space is still relatively static; therefore, the resistance is still relatively small, and there is no problem of rolling bed sheets.
  • the locking bar drive mechanism self-locks the locking bar and fixes the locking bar at the initial position.
  • the upper moving board and the lower moving board move forward and backward at the same time (the forward lateral movement means that the up and down moving board is gradually inserted between the patient and the bed, and the backward lateral movement means the up and down moving board is gradually withdrawn between the patient and the bed),
  • the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate, and the contact part between the lower moving cloth and the bed surface of the hospital bed remains relatively still, and the bonding surface of the upper moving cloth and the lower moving cloth remains relatively still.
  • the contact part of the moving cloth with the patient and the patient also remain relatively static. Therefore, during the overall movement of the up and down moving plate, apart from the relative movement between the moving cloth and the corresponding moving plate, there is no other relative movement.
  • the present invention replaces the method of driving the rubber roller to rotate the transmission cloth in the prior art by providing the locking strip and the power mechanism of the locking strip, which simplifies the structure of the movable bedboard mechanism, and does not require a rubber roller, that is, no glue.
  • Roll-related problems such as no need to adjust the cloth tension, cloth position, hair clip, roll clothes, rubber roller aging, need to replace the rubber roller, complex transmission of the clutch, collision due to misoperation, or even medical accidents falling off the bed
  • the present invention transports patients more smoothly. Compared with the prior art, it greatly reduces the resistance and friction in the process of transporting patients.
  • the moving plate can be inserted under the patient very smoothly; There is no requirement for friction coefficient, lower moving resistance, lower power consumption, and a smaller power drive motor can be used.
  • the transmission is simpler, which is more conducive to increasing the load of the whole vehicle, and at the same time, it is more conducive to reducing production costs.
  • the upper and lower moving plates can be connected in a variety of ways, as long as the upper and lower moving plates can move forward or backward synchronously.
  • the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate can be directly connected together in a hinged manner through the two ends of the same side of the plate body, and the moving plate driving mechanism directly drives the two plate bodies to move laterally.
  • end joint bases (refer to the end joint base 16 of Chinese patent 200610052776.3) on both ends of the same side of the plate body to indirectly connect them together, and the moving plate drive mechanism indirectly drives the two plates through the movement of the end joint base body. Move laterally.
  • the above two methods adopt end-point contact, and their strength is slightly weak.
  • the sliding plate 8 is arranged on the same side of the plate body, which can solve the shortcomings of insufficient strength and high sliding smoothness.
  • the bottom of the sliding plate is provided with a plurality of small rollers 9; the upper moving plate is hinged or pivotally connected to the top surface of the sliding plate, and the lower moving plate is hinged or pivoted to the side of the sliding plate; the length of the sliding plate and the two plate bodies
  • the width of the sliding plate plus the width of the lower moving plate matches the width of the upper moving plate, so that the upper and lower moving plates and the sliding plates form a "flat moving bed board", the upper and lower moving plates and the sliding plate
  • the combined structure can greatly reduce the thickness of the movable bed board.
  • the power output end of the moving plate driving mechanism is directly fixedly connected with the sliding plate, or is fixedly connected by the first connecting blocks 69 fixed at the two ends of the sliding plate, so as to realize power transmission and drive the upper and lower moving plates to move forward or backward laterally synchronously.
  • the front and rear longitudinal edges of the upper moving plate and the front and rear longitudinal edges of the lower moving plate are both provided with a longitudinal guide roller 10, and a small roller 9 is installed on the guide roller.
  • the design of the guide roller shaft and the small roller can reduce the resistance when the moving cloth and the moving board move relative to each other, and make the horizontal movement of the entire flat moving bed board smoother.
  • the upper moving plate or/and the lower moving plate are provided with wave patterns 13, as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the advantage of the wave pattern design is to reduce the friction between the moving cloth and the moving plate, and the arrangement of the wave pattern has a certain guiding effect on the cloth surface.
  • the moving plate driving mechanism 6 includes a first connecting rod shaft 61 longitudinally arranged at the bottom of the frame of the vehicle body, and The movement of the first main sprocket 62 in the middle of the first connecting rod shaft, the first power output sprocket 64 which is connected to the first main sprocket through the first roller chain 63, and sleeved on the first power output sprocket Plate motor 65; both ends of the first connecting shaft are installed with a first sprocket assembly; each group of first sprocket assembly includes a first outer main sprocket 66, a first slave sprocket 67, a first drive roller Chain 68; the first outer main sprocket is sleeved on the first connecting shaft, the first slave sprocket is installed at the front and rear ends of the frame, the first outer main sprocket, the first slave The sprocket is fitted with
  • the function of the locking strip is to fix the upper movable cloth and to pull it to rotate. Therefore, as long as the components in the prior art that can realize the function of fixing the upper movable cloth should be included in the locking strip of the present invention
  • the protection range for example, the locking strip can be designed as an integral type, such as a steel strip or other material locking strip, which is fixed under the upper movable cloth through existing fixing methods such as riveting.
  • the locking strip can also be designed as a separate body, which can be clamped and fixed by moving the cloth from the upper and lower sides.
  • the split locking strip 5 as a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an upper clamping strip 51, a lower clamping strip 52 arranged below the upper clamping strip, and the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip.
  • a locking switch 53 for clamping and locking the clamping bar; the upper movable cloth is arranged between the upper clamping bar and the lower clamping bar.
  • the locking switch 53 includes a spring (not shown in the figure), a spring seat 531, a hinge shaft 532, and an eccentric cam handle 533; the spring is sleeved on the spring seat, and one end of the spring abuts on the upper clamping bar.
  • the eccentric cam handle is hinged on the spring sleeve through a hinge shaft. top.
  • the advantage of using the locking strip of this embodiment is that it is highly detachable, especially when the upper moving cloth needs to be replaced after the cloth surface is dirty, only the locking switch needs to be toggled to loosen the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip clamp , Can be disassembled.
  • the upper moving cloth in this embodiment is an endlessly closed conveying cloth, and the suture of the upper moving cloth is pressed by the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip.
  • This design can prevent the cloth surface from being easily broken due to the disinfection of the cloth surface, and reduce the upper The structural strength of the mobile cloth.
  • the lower moving cloth in this embodiment is an open conveying cloth, which is fixed to the bottom of the vehicle body frame by two fixing members, respectively.
  • the fixing member 12 of this embodiment includes two sets, each of the fixing members includes a fixing seat 121 and a rigid fastening strip 122; The width of the rigid fastening strip is greater than the width of the through groove 1211 through which the moving cloth passes.
  • the frame of the vehicle body is provided with two elongated slots 221. After the lower moving cloth covers the outer circumference of the lower moving plate, the two ends of the lower moving cloth pass through the elongated grooves of the frame, respectively.
  • the through grooves of the fixed seat are then respectively fixed with the rigid fastening strips, and are limited to the through grooves of the fixed seat.
  • the rigid fastening strip is provided with a groove 1221, and after the cloth opening of the moving cloth is inserted into the groove, it is fixed on the rigid fastening strip by rivets.
  • the upper movable cloth in order to facilitate the replacement of the movable cloth and meet the needs of medical anti-infection, can be designed as an open conveying cloth; the two sides of the longitudinal opening of the upper movable cloth are respectively connected with rigid limit bars 11, and its structure is the same as
  • the structure of the rigid fastening strip 122 is similar, see Figures 20-21; a limit groove 54 is provided between the upper clamping strip and the lower clamping strip, see Figure 19; the rigid limit strip is installed in the limit groove .
  • the main function of the locking bar driving mechanism is to lock the locking bar on the pick-up side of the upper moving cloth or to loosen the locking bar so that it moves with the upper moving cloth.
  • the locking bar In the process of extending the up-and-down moving plate to receive the patient or retracting the up-and-down moving plate to send the patient, the locking bar needs to be locked at the initial position Z (the shuttle side of the transfer bed). At this time, the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate need to be locked.
  • the moving board moves back and forth and laterally at the same time (forward lateral movement means that the up and down moving board is gradually inserted between the patient and the bed, and backward lateral movement refers to the up and down moving board gradually withdrawing from the patient and the bed) to realize receiving or sending patients Function.
  • the locking bar drive mechanism uses a motor to self-lock the locking bar
  • the locking bar drive mechanism 7 includes a longitudinally arranged vehicle body
  • the locking bar motor 75 sleeved on the second power output sprocket; both ends of the second connecting shaft are installed with a second sprocket assembly; each group of second sprocket assembly includes a second outer main sprocket 76 , The second slave sprocket 77, the second transmission roller chain 78; the second outer main sprocket is sleeved on the second connecting shaft, and the second slave sprocket is respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the frame ,
  • first drive roller chain 68 and the second drive roller chain 78 are parallel to each other; the first follower sprocket of the moving plate drive mechanism and the second follower chain of the locking bar drive mechanism
  • the wheels are sleeved on the same connecting rod through bearings.
  • the initial state of the medical transfer bed before picking up and receiving patients is that the moving bed board mechanism is parked on the frame of the vehicle body, and the right side of the medical transfer bed is the operating bed or hospital bed; the moving bed board mechanism is locked The bar is locked on the pickup side of the upper moving board, and the fixing part is fixed on the frame;
  • the bed surfaces of the hospital bed are kept relatively still, and the bonding surfaces of the upper and lower movable cloths are also relatively still, and the contact part of the upper movable cloth with the patient is also relatively still between the patient, thus moving up and down
  • the overall movement of the board apart from the relative movement between the movable cloth and the corresponding movable board, there is no other relative movement; in other words, there is no such as between the movable cloth and the operating bed or the bed surface of the hospital bed, and there is no patient
  • the sliding friction between the upper moving cloth and the upper moving cloth, so the resistance is very small, and the contact surface of the bed sheet or disposable mattress and the lower moving cloth is relatively static, so it can ensure that the moving board is smoothly inserted under the patient, and the bed sheet or disposable bed
  • the cushion will not be driven, and the patient will not be pushed; the patient can be connected to the mobile bed without human intervention;
  • the locking bar fixed on the second drive roller chain is pulled and moved relatively, and the locking bar is transferred to the side away from the pick-up side;
  • the moving bed drive mechanism drives the upper and lower moving plates
  • the locking bar moves synchronously with the upper moving plate, and the cloth surface of the upper moving cloth is stationary relative to the upper moving plate; that is, the upper moving cloth, the upper moving plate, the lower moving plate and the patient are all relatively still ,
  • the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate and the upper moving cloth, but the part of the lower moving cloth in contact with the hospital bed/operating bed is still relatively static between the hospital bed/operating bed;
  • the medical transfer bed of Example 2 is different in the locking bar driving mechanism.
  • the locking bar driving mechanism adopts a ratchet, a structure similar to a ratchet principle, a brake mechanism, or an electromagnetic device One of the existing locking mechanisms.
  • the locking mechanism such as ratchet or electromagnetic device is released (that is, the upper moving plate loads the patient)
  • the friction between the upper moving cloth and the upper moving plate is large enough to overcome the passive movement of the lower moving cloth.
  • the resulting friction causes the upper moving cloth to be relatively stationary with the patient and the upper moving plate.
  • the initial state of the medical transfer bed before picking up and receiving patients is that the moving bed board mechanism is parked on the frame of the vehicle body, and the right side of the medical transfer bed is the operating bed or hospital bed; the moving bed board mechanism is locked The bar is locked on the pickup side of the upper moving plate, and the fixing piece is fixed on the frame;
  • the locking bar drive mechanism (such as a ratchet or electromagnetic device, etc.) self-locks the locking bar to fix the locking bar at the initial position and does not move.
  • the upper moving plate and the lower moving plate are driven by the moving plate driving mechanism to move forward laterally.
  • the lower moving cloth moves relative to the lower moving plate, and the contact part of the lower moving cloth with the bed surface of the hospital bed remains relatively static.
  • the contact surface of the upper moving cloth and the lower moving cloth remains relatively still, and the contact part between the upper moving cloth and the patient and the patient also remains relatively still.
  • steps (2)-(3) for thin and light patients, even if the patient presses on the upper moving cloth, the friction generated by it is small, which is not enough to overcome the friction caused by the passive movement of the lower moving cloth, resulting in It may be driven by the lower moving cloth. Therefore, in order to avoid this situation, in steps (2)-(3), a clutch is added to realize the synchronous movement of the moving plate and the locking bar to ensure that the upper moving cloth will not move; and Compared with the two driving mechanisms of the embodiment 1, only the power consumption is consumed when switching the ratchet and the clutch state, and the power consumption is reduced, while the embodiment 1 consumes power for the locking bar motor during the entire (2)-(3) process .
  • this embodiment 3 provides a medical transfer bed with an easy-to-replace movable cloth.
  • the difference between the medical transfer bed is that the upper movable cloth and/or the lower movable cloth are designed in the form of openings, which can meet the needs of disassembly and replacement, and achieve prevention Purpose of infection.
  • the difference of the medical transfer bed of Embodiment 3 is that the upper movable cloth is provided with a longitudinal opening; the two sides of the longitudinal opening of the upper movable cloth are respectively connected with rigid limit bars 11; A limit slot is arranged between the bar and the lower clamping bar; the rigid limit bar is installed in the limit slot.
  • the two ends of the lower movable cloth are preferably fixed to the bottom of the frame of the vehicle body by fixing the two ends of the lower movable cloth respectively by two fixing members.
  • the fixing member 12 of this embodiment includes two sets, each of the fixing members includes a fixing seat 121 and a rigid fastening strip 122; The width of the rigid fastening strip is greater than the width of the through groove 1211 through which the moving cloth passes.
  • the frame of the vehicle body is provided with two elongated slots 221. After the lower moving cloth covers the outer circumference of the lower moving plate, the two ends of the lower moving cloth pass through the elongated grooves of the frame, respectively.
  • each set of the fixing members can also be arranged in sections, as shown in FIG. 21, in this embodiment, it is divided into three sections, of course, it can also be divided into two sections.
  • the advantage of the segmented fixings is to increase the rigidity of the vehicle body frame.

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Abstract

一种医用转运床，包括车体（200）、移动床板机构（100）；移动床板机构安装在车体的车架（22）上；移动床板机构包括上移动板（1）、上移动布（2）、下移动板（3）、下移动布（4）；下移动板设置在上移动板的下方，上移动板与下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动；上移动布包覆在上移动板的外周，上移动布纵向固定有锁紧条（5），锁紧条由锁紧条驱动机构（8）锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；下移动布包覆在下移动板的外周，下移动布的两端固定在车体的车架上，并位于下移动板的接送侧。

Description

一种医用转运床 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于装载及卸载病人的运输工具技术，尤其涉及一种适用于医院搬运手术后病人或搬运那些在搬动过程中容易受到再次损伤的病人的医用病人转运床。
背景技术
目前，医用转运床是移动并转移术前术后行动不便的病人，将病人由病床移至转运床，再由转运床移至手术台或需要检查/治疗的设备，或逆向转运。尤其针对带伤口的病人或进行严重脊椎、颈椎、胸椎手术后的病人时，医用转运床的诞生降低了医护人员的劳动强度，避免了病人术前术后在转运期间数次搬动可能带来的二次伤害，如可能牵动伤口或病灶，既给病人造成极大痛苦，也不利于手术后伤口的愈合。
现市面上销售或使用的医用转运床主要由两部分组成，一部分是用于移动的车身，另一部分是用于横向移动接送病人的移动床板机构；如中国专利98205338.X公开的“医用病人运输车”，该医用病人运输车包括车身和输送床台面(移动床板机构)，输送床台面由输送辊、从动辊及安装在输送辊、从动辊上的输送布带组成，输送床台面可在电机作用下横向前后平移。又如中国专利200610052776.3公开的“医用病人转移车”，该移动床板机构采用了上移动车架/上移动布和下移动车架/下移动布的双层组合结构，具体包括卷布轴框、卷布轴、端接头座体、离合齿轮、上移动车架/上移动布、下移动车架/下移动布等部件。但这些医用转运床存在以下缺陷：
1、结构问题
上述传输布带(中国专利98205338.X)或者上移动布(中国专利200610052776.3)均通过驱动胶辊转动，从而带动套设在胶辊上的传输布带或上移动布前后横向移动以靠近或远离手术台/病床，由于布面的传动需要一定的张紧力，用久了需要调试布面的张紧程度；布面被拉伸到一定程度就必须更换，否则设置在车身两侧的护栏合不上；该结构的布面容易左右走位，需要调试；除此之外，胶辊的设置也会引发诸多问题，如中国专利200610052776.3公开的“医用病人转移车”的说明书附图16中胶辊15与端接头座体16之间存在的间隙容易把衣服卷入胶辊，也可能在转运病人的过程中夹头发；而且也会存在胶辊老化，需要更换胶辊，重新调试设备运行状态等问题。
如中国专利200610052776.3的传动机构中采用离合器传动，离合器采用两个离合齿轮附合、分离的机械式控制结构，其缺点是设计结构复杂，容易出现故障；特别是离合器部分，需要结合时，当两个离合齿轮的两齿不协调时，会造成结合不顺畅，而需要分离时，在两齿啮合的情况下，会有分离阻力，导致移动定位差异较大，不能完满完成病人的移送工作。
另外，传输布带或者上、下移动布均为环形闭口的输送布，其与病人身体直接接触，为用于直接接送病人的主要部件；由于医用卫生的需求，传输布带或者上、下移动布其布面消毒容易导致布面接口开裂，结构强度不够。
2、卫生问题
传输布带或者上、下移动布直接与病人身体接触，布面容易脏污，包含血迹、人体渗出液、治疗药物渗出液等污迹，由于传输布带或者上、下移动布均为环形闭口的输送布，藏在机器里很难清洗，也很难更换输送布，更换一次输送布的拆、装工作量不亚于组装一台新机的工作量，因此，布面脏污问题无法解决。
3、安全问题
通过驱动机构驱动胶辊转动，从而带动套设在胶辊上的传输布前后移动的方式会存在误操作导致产生病人撞向端接头座体16甚至跨越端接头座体16跌落至转运床床架的后果。正常状态下，当人躺在传输布上，驱动机构停止驱动胶辊转动，传输布处于静止状态，只需移动上下移动板，即可完成接送至所需位置。假如病人已经在转运床上，误按插入病床的按钮， 就会发生病人撞向端接头座体16甚至跨越端接头座体16跌落至转运床床架，产生医疗事故。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种医用转运床。
本发明的目的采用如下技术方案实现：一种医用转运床，包括具有带升降机构并安装有万向脚轮的车体、用于横向移动接送病人的移动床板机构；所述移动床板机构安装在车体的车架上；所述移动床板机构包括上移动板、上移动布、下移动板、下移动布；所述下移动板设置在上移动板的下方，上移动板与下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动；所述上移动布包覆在上移动板的外周，所述上移动布纵向固定有锁紧条，所述锁紧条锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；所述下移动布包覆在下移动板的外周，下移动布的两端固定在车体的车架上，并位于下移动板的接送侧。
优选地，所述上移动布为环形闭合的输送布。
优选地，所述上移动布和/或下移动布设有纵向开口。
优选地，所述的医用转运床还包括用于固定下移动布两端布口的固定件。
优选地，所述锁紧条为一体式或分体式；所述分体式锁紧条包括上夹紧条、设置在上夹紧条下方的下夹紧条、将上夹紧条和下夹紧条夹紧并锁定的锁紧开关；所述上移动布设置在上夹紧条与下夹紧条之间。
优选地，所述锁紧开关包括弹簧、弹簧座、铰接轴、偏心凸轮手柄；所述弹簧套设在弹簧座上，所述弹簧座依次穿出下夹紧条、上夹紧条，并从上夹紧条表面伸出，所述偏心凸轮手柄通过铰接轴铰接在弹簧套的顶部。
优选地，所述上移动板或/和下移动板上设有波浪纹。
优选地，所述上移动板、下移动板由移动板驱动机构驱动上、下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动，所述移动板驱动机构包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第一连杆轴、安装在第一连杆轴中部的第一主链轮、通过第一滚子链与第一主链轮传动连接的第一动力输出链轮、套设在第一动力输出链轮的移动板电机；所述第一连接轴的两端均安装有第一链轮组件；每组第一链轮组件包括第一外侧主链轮、第一从链轮、第一传动滚子链；所述第一外侧主链轮套设在第一连接轴上，所述第一从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第一外侧主链轮、第一从链轮上适配有第一传动滚子链，且所述上、下移动板的两端通过第一连接块分别对应固定在第一传动滚子链上。
优选地，所述锁紧条由锁紧条驱动机构锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；所述锁紧条驱动机构包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第二连杆轴、安装在第二连杆轴中部的第二主链轮、通过第二滚子链与第二主链轮传动连接的第二动力输出链轮、套设在第二动力输出链轮的锁紧条电机；所述第二连接轴的两端均安装有第二链轮组件；每组第二链轮组件包括第二外侧主链轮、第二从链轮、第二传动滚子链；所述第二外侧主链轮套设在第二连接轴上，所述第二从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第二外侧主链轮、第二从链轮上适配有第二传动滚子链，且所述锁紧条的两端通过第二连接块分别对应固定在第二传动滚子链上。
优选地，所述锁紧条驱动机构选自电机、棘轮、刹车机构、电磁器件中的一种或两种以上的组合。
相比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：
(1)本发明的核心在于在上移动布纵向设置锁紧条，并将锁紧条固定在上移动布上，由锁紧条驱动机构驱动锁紧条横向移动，以牵引上移动布在上移动板上前后横向移动；当移动床板机构在接病人需要收回上下移动板、送病人需要伸出上下移动板过程中(即上移动板负载病人时)，在移动床驱动机构驱动下，上下移动板作横向移动，锁紧条驱动机构驱动锁紧条与上移动板作同步的前后横向移动，躺在上移动板上的病人与锁紧条相对静止，此过程克服下移动布相对下移动板被动转动而产生的摩擦力，克服了上下移动布接触面处摩擦力，使上 移动板、上移动布以及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对下移动板及上移动板相对运动，但是下移动布与病床床面接触部分与病床床面之间仍然相对静止，因而阻力仍比较小，不存在卷带床单的问题。而当移动床板机构在接病人需要伸出上下移动板、送病人需要收回上下移动板过程中，锁紧条驱动机构自锁锁紧条，将锁紧条固定在初始位置上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板同时作前后横向移动(向前横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐插入病人和病床之间，向后横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐撤出病人和病床之间)，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床床面接触部分与病床床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动，也就可以说，不存在如移动布与病床床面/病人之间等滑动摩擦，因而阻力非常小，且病床和病人与同其接触的移动布相对静止，因此可以确保移动板顺利插入病人身下，且床单也不会被带动，病人不会被推动或拉动。整个接送过程非常平顺，摩擦力和阻力小。
总的来说，本发明通过设置锁紧条与锁紧条的动力机构代替了现有技术中通过驱动胶辊转动传输布的方式，简化了移动床板机构的结构，无需胶辊也就是没有胶辊相关的问题，比如无需调节布面张紧、布面走位、夹头发、卷衣服、胶辊老化需更换胶辊、离合器的复杂传动、因误操作而发生摔伤的医疗事故等问题；同时，本发明接送病人更加顺畅，与现有技术相比，极大地减少了接送病人过程中的阻力和摩擦力，无需人为干预移动板可以非常顺利地插入病人身下；对移动布无摩擦系数要求，移动阻力更小，消耗功率更小，可采用功率较小的驱动电机，传动更加简单，更有利于提高整车的负载量，同时更有利于降低生产成本。
(2)将上移动布和/或下移动布设计成开口的形式，可满足拆卸更换的需求，达到防感染目的，且消毒后不会影响强度。
附图说明
图1为本发明较佳实施例医用转运床的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明较佳实施例医用转运床的局部立体示意图；
图3为本发明较佳实施例移动床板机构的立体示意图(移动床板机构未向前伸出状态)；
图4为图3中A区域的放大示意图；
图5为本发明较佳实施例移动床板机构的立体示意图(移动床板机构向前伸出状态)；
图6为本发明较佳实施例上移动板与下移动板的连接结构示意图(含有上、下移动布)；
图7为图6中B区域的放大示意图；
图8为本发明较佳实施例上移动板与下移动板的连接结构示意图(去除上、下移动布)；
图9为图8中C区域的放大示意图；
图10为图8中D区域的放大示意图；
图11为本发明较佳实施例上移动板与下移动板的底面结构示意图(去除上、下移动布)；
图12为图11中E区域的放大示意图；
图13为本发明较佳实施例缺少车架的移动床板机构的立体示意图(移动床板机构向前伸出状态)；
图14为图13中F区域的放大示意图；
图15为图13中G区域的放大示意图；
图16为本发明较佳实施例缺少车架的移动床板机构另一角度的立体示意图(移动床板机构向前伸出状态)；
图17为图16中H区域的放大示意图；
图18为本发明较佳实施例锁紧条的立体结构示意图；
图19为图18中I区域的放大示意图；
图20为本发明较佳实施例床架、下移动布与固定件的连接结构示意图；
图21为本发明较佳实施例下移动布与固定件的连接结构示意图；
图22为本发明较佳实施例医用转运床的工作过程原理图；
图23为本发明初始状态医用转运床的结构示意图；
图中：100、移动床板机构；1、上移动板；2、上移动布；3、下移动板；4、下移动布；5、锁紧条；51、上夹紧条；52、下夹紧条；53、锁紧开关；531、弹簧座；532、铰接轴；533、偏心凸轮手柄；54、限位槽；6、移动板驱动机构；61、第一连杆轴；62、第一主链轮；63、第一滚子链；64、第一动力输出链轮；65、移动板电机；66、第一外侧主链轮；67、第一从链轮；68、第一传动滚子链；69、第一连接块；7、锁紧条驱动机构；71、第二连杆轴；72、第二主链轮；73、第二滚子链；74、第二动力输出链轮；75、锁紧条电机；76、第二外侧主链轮；77、第二从链轮；78、第二传动滚子链；79、第二连接块；8、滑动板；9、小滚轮；10、导向辊轴；11、刚性限位条；12、固定件；121、固定座；1211、通槽；122、刚性紧固条；1221、沟槽；13、波浪纹；200、车体；21、底座；22、车架；221、长条形槽口；23、升降支架；24、万向脚轮；25、制动脚踏；26、升降电机；27、伸缩杆；a、横向方向；b、纵向方向；Z、初始位置。
具体实施方式
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述，需要说明的是，在不相冲突的前提下，以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
实施例1
实施例1为本发明的较佳实施例之一，如图1-23所示，本实施例的医用转运床包括具有带升降机构并安装有万向脚轮的车体200、用于横向移动接送病人的移动床板机构100；所述移动床板机构安装在车体的车架22上。在本实施例中，以移动床板机构前后伸缩以接送病人的移动走向为横向方向，如图1所示的a方向；在同一平面上，以横向移动方向相互垂直的方向为纵向方向，如图1所示的b方向；图1为移动床板机构安装车体上，不做伸缩运作，为医用转运床的常态；移动床板机构向前伸出为前方，移动床板机构向后缩回为后方。
车体200由底座21、车架22及连接在底座与车架之间的升降支架23等构成。底座的下方安装有万向脚轮24，导向脚轮及车体后侧的万向脚轮上还设有制动脚踏25，以便操作者方便地制动转移车。升降支架23则由安装在车架底部的升降电机26及连接在升降电机与升降支架之间的伸缩杆27驱动完成升降动作。车架的左右两端为车端架，车架的前、后侧安装有可翻转的护栏(图中未示出)。车架的后侧还引出有导线，导线的末端连接有手持控制器(图中未示出)，用于控制医用病人转移车上各电机动作。
如图3-5所示，所述移动床板机构100包括上移动板1、上移动布2、下移动板3、下移动布4；所述下移动板设置在上移动板的下方，并由移动板驱动机构6驱动上、下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动；所述上移动布包覆在上移动板的外周，所述上移动布纵向固定有锁紧条5，所述锁紧条由锁紧条驱动机构7锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；所述下移动布包覆在下移动板的外周，下移动布的两端固定在车体的车架上，并位于下移动板的接送侧。
优选地，下移动布两端的固定方式可以多种，可以采用整体固定的方式，如采用夹持片固定在车体的车架底部、采用铆接的方式固定在车体的车架底部，即该方式适用于下移动布为环形闭合的输送布；也可以采用分体固定的方式，即采用两个固定件分别对应下移动布两端的布口，该方式适用于开口的输送布。固定件为现有技术中能够实现布材固定的紧固件，紧固件的结构，形式不限。
医用转运床接送病人的功能主要有两个，分别为接病人和送病人功能，接病人是指将病人从病床转移到医用转运床中；送病人是指将病人从医用转运床转移到病床中；不管是接病人还是送病人，都需要经历两个动作，一是将上、下移动板伸出，二是将上、下移动板收回。
本发明的核心在于在上移动布的接送侧纵向设置锁紧条，并将锁紧条固定在上移动布上， 由锁紧条驱动机构驱动锁紧条横向移动，以牵引上移动布在上移动板上前后横向移动；当移动床板机构在接病人需要收回上下移动板或送病人需要伸出上下移动板过程中(即上移动板负载病人时)，锁紧条松开锁定，上移动布、上移动板、下移动板及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对于下移动板及上移动布相对运动，但下移动布与病床/手术床接触的部分与病床/手术床之间仍为相对静止；因而阻力仍比较小，不存在卷带床单的问题。而当移动床板机构在接病人需要伸出上下移动板或送病人需要收回上下移动板过程中，锁紧条驱动机构自锁锁紧条，将锁紧条固定在初始位置上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板同时作前后横向移动(向前横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐插入病人和病床之间，向后横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐撤出病人和病床之间)，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床床面接触部分与病床床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动，也就可以说，不存在如移动布与病床床面之间等滑动摩擦，因而阻力非常小，且病床和病人与同其接触的移动布相对静止，因此可以确保移动板顺利插入病人身下，且床单也不会被带动。整个接送过程非常平顺，摩擦力和阻力非常小。
总的来说，本发明通过设置锁紧条与锁紧条的动力机构代替了现有技术中通过驱动胶辊转动传输布的方式，简化了移动床板机构的结构，无需胶辊也就是没有胶辊相关的问题，比如无需调节布面张紧、布面走位、夹头发、卷衣服、胶辊老化需更换胶辊、离合器的复杂传动、因误操作而发生碰撞、甚至跌落床的医疗事故等问题；同时，本发明接送病人更加顺畅，与现有技术相比，极大地减少了接送病人过程中的阻力和摩擦力，无需人为干预移动板可以非常顺利地插入病人身下；对移动布无摩擦系数要求，移动阻力更小，消耗功率更小，可采用功率较小的驱动电机，传动更加简单，更有利于提高整车的负载量，同时更有利于降低生产成本。
在本实施例中，如图6-12所示，上移动板与下移动板的连接方式可以多种多样，只需要能实现上、下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动即可。上移动板与下移动板的连接方式可以通过板体同侧的两端以铰接方式直接连接在一起，移动板驱动机构直接驱动两个板体横向移动。也可以在板体同侧的两端分别设置端接头座体(参见中国专利200610052776.3的端接头座体16)间接连接在一起，移动板驱动机构通过驱动端接头座体移动间接带动两个板体横向移动。但是上述两种方式采用端点接触，其强度稍弱，在本实施例中采用在板体同侧设置滑动板8，可以解决强度不足的缺点，且滑行顺畅度高。其中，滑动板的底部设有多个小滚轮9；上移动板铰接或枢接在滑动板的顶面，下移动板铰接或枢接在滑动板的侧面；滑动板的长度与两个板体的纵向长度相匹配，滑动板的宽度加下移动板的宽度与上移动板的宽度相匹配，使上、下移动板与滑动板形成“扁平状移动床板”，上、下移动板与滑动板的组合结构能够极大地降低移动床板的厚度。移动板驱动机构的动力输出端直接与滑动板固定连接，或者通过固定在滑动板两端的第一连接块69固定连接，实现动力传输而带动上、下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动。
作为优选的实施方案，所述上移动板的前、后纵向边缘以及所述下移动板的前、后纵向边缘均设置有纵向的导向辊轴10，导向辊轴上安装有小滚轮9。导向辊轴与小滚轮的设计可以降低移动布与移动板作相对运动情况下的阻力，令整个扁平状移动床板的横向移动更加顺畅。
作为进一步优选方案，所述上移动板或/和下移动板上设有波浪纹13，如图10所示。该波浪纹设计优点在于减少移动布与移动板之间的摩擦力，另外波浪纹的设置对布面有一定的导正作用。
在本实施例中，如图3-4，图18-19，图21-22所示，所述移动板驱动机构6包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第一连杆轴61、安装在第一连杆轴中部的第一主链轮62、通过第一滚 子链63与第一主链轮传动连接的第一动力输出链轮64、套设在第一动力输出链轮的移动板电机65；所述第一连接轴的两端均安装有第一链轮组件；每组第一链轮组件包括第一外侧主链轮66、第一从链轮67、第一传动滚子链68；所述第一外侧主链轮套设在第一连接轴上，所述第一从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第一外侧主链轮、第一从链轮上适配有第一传动滚子链，且所述上、下移动板的两端通过第一连接块69分别对应固定在第一传动滚子链上。
在本发明中，锁紧条的作用在于将上移动布固定，并牵引其旋转，因此，现有技术中只要能够实现将上移动布固定功能的部件都应该纳入本发明所述的锁紧条保护范围，比如锁紧条可以设计成一体式的，如钢条或其他材质的锁紧条，通过铆接等现有的固定方式固定在上移动布的下方。另外，锁紧条也可以设计成分体的，从上移动布的上下方将其夹持固定。如图18-19所示，作为本发明较佳实施方式的分体式锁紧条5包括上夹紧条51、设置在上夹紧条下方的下夹紧条52、将上夹紧条和下夹紧条夹紧并锁定的锁紧开关53；所述上移动布设置在上夹紧条与下夹紧条之间。优选地，所述锁紧开关53包括弹簧(图中未示)、弹簧座531、铰接轴532、偏心凸轮手柄533；所述弹簧套设在弹簧座上,弹簧一端抵接在上夹紧条，另一端抵接在下夹紧条，所述弹簧座依次穿出下夹紧条、上夹紧条，并从上夹紧条表面伸出，所述偏心凸轮手柄通过铰接轴铰接在弹簧套的顶部。
采用本实施例锁紧条的优点在于可拆卸性强，尤其在布面脏污后需要更换上移动布时，仅需拨动锁紧开关，令上夹紧条和下夹紧条夹松开，即可拆卸。
本实施例的上移动布为环形闭合的输送布，上移动布的缝合处由上夹紧条与下夹紧条压紧，该设计可以防止因布面消毒容易导致布面接口开裂，降低上移动布的结构强度。本实施例的下移动布为开口的输送布，分别通过两个固定件固定在车体车架的底部。优选地，如图20-21所示，本实施例的固定件12包括两套，每套所述固定件包括固定座121和刚性紧固条122；每个所述固定座上开设有供下移动布穿过的通槽1211，刚性紧固条的宽度大于通槽的宽度。另外，车体的车架上开设两个长条形槽口221，下移动布包覆下移动板外周后，下移动布的两端布口分别依次穿过车架的长条形槽口、固定座的通槽，然后分别与刚性紧固条固定，并限位于固定座的通槽外。优选地，刚性紧固条上设有沟槽1221，下移动布的布口插入沟槽后，通过铆钉固定在刚性紧固条上。
当然，作为优选方案，为了方便更换移动布，满足医用防感染的需要，上移动布可以设计成开口的输送布；上移动布的纵向开口两侧分别连接有刚性限位条11，其结构与刚性紧固条122的结构类似，参见图20-21；所述上夹紧条和下夹紧条之间设有限位槽54，参见图19；所述刚性限位条安装在限位槽内。
在本发明中，锁紧条驱动机构主要作用在于将锁紧条锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定锁紧条，使之随上移动布移动。在接病人需要伸出上下移动板或送病人需要收回上下移动板过程中，需要将锁紧条在锁定在初始位置Z(转运床的接送侧)上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板同时作前后横向移动(向前横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐插入病人和病床之间，向后横向移动是指上下移动板逐渐撤出病人和病床之间)，实现接病人或送病人的功能。在本实施例中，如图3-4，图18，图20-22所示，锁紧条驱动机构采用电机自锁锁定锁紧条，该锁紧条驱动机构7包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第二连杆轴71、安装在第二连杆轴中部的第二主链轮72、通过第二滚子链73与第二主链轮传动连接的第二动力输出链轮74、套设在第二动力输出链轮的锁紧条电机75；所述第二连接轴的两端均安装有第二链轮组件；每组第二链轮组件包括第二外侧主链轮76、第二从链轮77、第二传动滚子链78；所述第二外侧主链轮套设在第二连接轴上，所述第二从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第二外侧主链轮、第二从链轮上适配有第二传动滚子链，且所述锁紧条的两端通过第二连接块79分别对应固定在第二传动滚子链上。本锁紧条驱动机构通过电机单独控制锁紧条的锁定与松开锁定功能。
作为进一步优选方案，所述第一传动滚子链68与第二传动滚子链78相互平行；所述移 动板驱动机构的第一从链轮与所述锁紧条驱动机构的第二从链轮通过轴承套设在同一个连接杆上。该设计能够节省锁紧条驱动机构与移动板驱动机构两个传动装置的安装位置，更加适用于转运床的转运过程。
本发明较优实施例医用转运床的工作过程：
如图22-23所示，医用转运床在接送病人前的初始状态为移动床板机构停置在车体的车架上，医用转运床的右侧为手术床或病床；移动床板机构的锁紧条锁定在上移动板的接送侧，固定件固定在车架上；
(1)接病人时上、下移动板伸出的过程：锁紧条驱动机构的锁紧条电机自锁，电机不转，第二传动滚子链也静止不动，将锁紧条固定在初始位置上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板在移动板驱动机构驱动下，向前作横向移动，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床床面接触部分与病床床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上、下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动；也就可以说，不存在如移动布与手术床或病床床面之间，以及不存在病人与上移动布之间的滑动摩擦，因而阻力非常小，且床上的床单或一次性床垫与下移动布接触面相对静止，因此可以确保移动板顺利插入病人身下，且床单或一次性床垫也不会被带动，病人也不会被推动；无需人为干预，病人即可接入上移动床；
(2)接病人时上、下移动板收回的过程：上移动板负载病人后，锁紧条电机转动，通过第二连杆轴的联动作用，同步带动移动床板机构纵向两侧的第二外侧主链轮转动，此时固定在第二传动滚子链上的锁紧条被牵引而相对移动，锁紧条被转移到远离接送侧的一侧；当移动床驱动机构驱动上、下移动板向后作横向收回动作时，锁紧条与上移动板同步移动，上移动布的布面相对于上移动板静止；即上移动布、上移动板、下移动板及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对于下移动板及上移动布相对运动，但下移动布与病床/手术床接触的部分与病床/手术床之间仍为相对静止；
(3)送病人时上、下移动板伸出的过程：病人被转移至医用转运床上，即上移动板依然负载病人，移动床驱动机构驱动上、下移动板向前作横向伸出动作；由于锁紧条电机依然转动，锁紧条与上移动板同步移动；此时，上移动布、上移动板、下移动板及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对于下移动板及上移动布相对运动，但下移动布与病床/手术床接触的部分与病床/手术床之间仍为相对静止；
(4)送病人时上、下移动板收回的过程：当病人送到病床/手术床上方，锁紧条驱动机构的锁紧条电机自锁，电机不转，第二传动滚子链也静止不动，将锁紧条固定在初始位置上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板在移动板驱动机构驱动下，向后作横向移动，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床/手术床接触部分与床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上、下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动，完成一次转运。
实施例2
与实施例1相比，实施例2的医用转运床区别在于锁紧条驱动机构的不同，在本实施例中，锁紧条驱动机构采用棘轮、类似棘轮原理的结构、刹车机构、或电磁器件等现有锁定机构中的一种。当棘轮或电磁器件等锁定机构松开锁定时(即上移动板负载病人)，由于病人压在上移动布上，上移动布与上移动板摩擦力足够大，足以克服下移动布被动移动所产生的摩擦，导致上移动布与病人和上移动板相对静止。
本发明较优实施例医用转运床的工作过程：
如图22-23所示，医用转运床在接送病人前的初始状态为移动床板机构停置在车体的车架上，医用转运床的右侧为手术床或病床；移动床板机构的锁紧条锁定在上移动板的接送侧， 固定件固定在车架上；
(1)接病人时上、下移动板伸出的过程：锁紧条驱动机构(如棘轮或电磁器件等)自锁锁紧条，将锁紧条固定在初始位置上不动，此时，上移动板与下移动板在移动板驱动机构驱动下，向前作横向移动，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床床面接触部分与病床床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上、下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动；也就可以说，不存在如移动布与手术床或病床床面之间，以及不存在病人与上移动布之间的滑动摩擦，因而阻力非常小，且床上的床单或一次性床垫与下移动布接触面相对静止，因此可以确保移动板顺利插入病人身下，且床单或一次性床垫也不会被带动，病人也不会被推动；无需人为干预，病人即可接入上移动床；
(2)接病人时上、下移动板收回的过程：上移动板负载病人后，棘轮松开锁定，移动床驱动机构驱动上、下移动板向后作横向收回动作；一般情况下，由于病人压在上移动布上，上移动布与上移动板摩擦力足够大，足以克服下移动布被动移动所产生的摩擦，导致上移动布与上移动板相对静止，锁紧条被转移到远离接送侧的一侧；此时，上移动布、上移动板、下移动板及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对于下移动板及上移动布相对运动，但下移动布与病床/手术床接触的部分与病床/手术床之间仍为相对静止；
(3)送病人时上、下移动板伸出的过程：病人被转移至医用转运床上，即上移动板依然负载病人，棘轮依然松开锁定，移动床驱动机构驱动上、下移动板向前作横向伸出动作；由于病人依然压在上移动布上，上移动布与上移动板摩擦力足够大，足以克服下移动布被动移动所产生的摩擦，导致上移动布与上移动板相对静止；此时，上移动布、上移动板、下移动板及病人之间均为相对静止，下移动布相对于下移动板及上移动布相对运动，但下移动布与病床/手术床接触的部分与病床/手术床之间仍为相对静止；
在步骤(2)-(3)中，对于瘦弱、体重轻的病人而言，即使病人压在上移动布，其产生的摩擦力小，不足以克服下移动布被动移动所产生的摩擦，导致可能被下移动布带动移动，因此，为了避免这种情况，在步骤(2)-(3)时，增设离合器，实现移动板和锁紧条的同步移动，保证上移动布不会移动；且与实施例1的两个驱动机构相比，只有切换棘轮和离合器状态时耗电，其功耗降低，而实施例1则在整个(2)-(3)过程中锁紧条电机都耗电。
(4)送病人时上、下移动板收回的过程：当病人送到病床/手术床上方，棘轮锁定锁紧条，此时，上移动板与下移动板在移动板驱动机构驱动下，向后作横向移动，下移动布相对于下移动板移动，而下移动布与病床/手术床接触部分与床面之间保持相对静止，且上移动布与下移动布的贴合面之间也保持相对静止，上移动布与病人接触部分与病人之间也保持相对静止，因而，上、下移动板整体移动过程中，除了移动布与对应的移动板存在相对移动外，不存在任何其它相对移动，完成一次转运。
实施例3
针对现有技术中的上、下移动布均环形闭合的输送布，且上、下移动布一旦安装，就不能拆卸更换新的移动布，只能通过酒精消毒，因此假如消毒不够，容易造成交叉感染，可见，现有的医用转运床的移动布不能进行拆卸清洗的，难以达到完全防感染的目的。因此，本实施例3提供一种易更换移动布的医用转运床，该医用转运床区别在于将上移动布和/或下移动布设计成开口的形式，即可满足拆卸更换的需求，达到防感染目的。
具体地，与实施例1相比，实施例3的医用转运床区别在于上移动布设有纵向开口；所述上移动布的纵向开口两侧分别连接有刚性限位条11；所述上夹紧条和下夹紧条之间设有限位槽；所述刚性限位条安装在限位槽内。
下移动布两端固定在车体的车架底部的方式优选为通过两个固定件分别将下移动布的两端布头进行固定。优选地，如图20-21所示，本实施例的固定件12包括两套，每套所述固定 件包括固定座121和刚性紧固条122；每个所述固定座上开设有供下移动布穿过的通槽1211，刚性紧固条的宽度大于通槽的宽度。另外，车体的车架上开设两个长条形槽口221，下移动布包覆下移动板外周后，下移动布的两端布口分别依次穿过车架的长条形槽口、固定座的通槽，然后分别与刚性紧固条固定，并限位于固定座的通槽外。优选地，刚性紧固条上设有沟槽1221，下移动布的布口插入沟槽后，通过铆钉固定在刚性紧固条上。作为进一步优选方案，每套所述固定件也可以采用分段式设置，如图21所示，本实施例中分成三段式，当然也可以分成两段式。分段式的固定件的好处在于提高车体车架的刚性。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式，不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围，本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种医用转运床，包括具有带升降机构并安装有万向脚轮的车体、用于横向移动接送病人的移动床板机构；所述移动床板机构安装在车体的车架上；其特征在于，所述移动床板机构包括上移动板、上移动布、下移动板、下移动布；所述下移动板设置在上移动板的下方，上移动板与下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动；所述上移动布包覆在上移动板的外周，所述上移动布纵向固定有锁紧条，所述锁紧条锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；所述下移动布包覆在下移动板的外周，下移动布的两端固定在车体的车架上，并位于下移动板的接送侧。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述上移动布为环形闭合的输送布。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述上移动布和/或下移动布设有纵向开口。
  4. 如权利要求1-3任一项所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，还包括用于固定下移动布两端布口的固定件。
  5. 如权利要求2或3所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述锁紧条为一体式或分体式；所述分体式锁紧条包括上夹紧条、设置在上夹紧条下方的下夹紧条、将上夹紧条和下夹紧条夹紧并锁定的锁紧开关；所述上移动布设置在上夹紧条与下夹紧条之间。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述锁紧开关包括弹簧、弹簧座、铰接轴、偏心凸轮手柄；所述弹簧套设在弹簧座上，所述弹簧座依次穿出下夹紧条、上夹紧条，并从上夹紧条表面伸出，所述偏心凸轮手柄通过铰接轴铰接在弹簧套的顶部。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述上移动板或/和下移动板上设有波浪纹。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述上移动板、下移动板由移动板驱动机构驱动上、下移动板同步向前或向后横向移动，所述移动板驱动机构包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第一连杆轴、安装在第一连杆轴中部的第一主链轮、通过第一滚子链与第一主链轮传动连接的第一动力输出链轮、套设在第一动力输出链轮的移动板电机；所述第一连接轴的两端均安装有第一链轮组件；每组第一链轮组件包括第一外侧主链轮、第一从链轮、第一传动滚子链；所述第一外侧主链轮套设在第一连接轴上，所述第一从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第一外侧主链轮、第一从链轮上适配有第一传动滚子链，且所述上、下移动板的两端通过第一连接块分别对应固定在第一传动滚子链上。
  9. 如权利要求1或8所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述锁紧条由锁紧条驱动机构锁定在上移动布的接送侧或松开锁定后随上移动布移动；所述锁紧条驱动机构包括纵向设置在车体的车架底部的第二连杆轴、安装在第二连杆轴中部的第二主链轮、通过第二滚子链与第二主链轮传动连接的第二动力输出链轮、套设在第二动力输出链轮的锁紧条电机；所述第二连接轴的两端均安装有第二链轮组件；每组第二链轮组件包括第二外侧主链轮、第二从链轮、第二传动滚子链；所述第二外侧主链轮套设在第二连接轴上，所述第二从链轮分别安装在车架的前端和后端，所述第二外侧主链轮、第二从链轮上适配有第二传动滚子链，且所述锁紧条的两端通过第二连接块分别对应固定在第二传动滚子链上。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的医用转运床，其特征在于，所述锁紧条驱动机构选自电机、棘轮、刹车机构、电磁器件中的一种或两种以上的组合。
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