WO2021036215A1 - 一种微型车灯模组 - Google Patents

一种微型车灯模组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036215A1
WO2021036215A1 PCT/CN2020/076902 CN2020076902W WO2021036215A1 WO 2021036215 A1 WO2021036215 A1 WO 2021036215A1 CN 2020076902 W CN2020076902 W CN 2020076902W WO 2021036215 A1 WO2021036215 A1 WO 2021036215A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
connecting portion
lamp module
vehicle lamp
optical element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/076902
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
仇智平
李聪
陆剑清
李辉
祝贺
桑文慧
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201921383253.6U external-priority patent/CN210462862U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910785679.2A external-priority patent/CN112413530A/zh
Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to DE112020003377.5T priority Critical patent/DE112020003377T5/de
Publication of WO2021036215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036215A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/255—Lenses with a front view of circular or truncated circular outline
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/24—Light guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/26—Elongated lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/285—Refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters not provided in groups F21S41/24-F21S41/28
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/29—Attachment thereof
    • F21S41/295—Attachment thereof specially adapted to projection lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/322—Optical layout thereof the reflector using total internal reflection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of vehicle lighting, in particular to a miniature vehicle lamp module.
  • the car light module generally refers to a device that has a lens or equivalent structure as the final light-emitting element, and is used for low beam or high beam illumination of automobile headlights.
  • the types of automotive lamp modules have become more and more diverse, and more and more requirements have been placed on the overall performance of automotive lamp modules, such as the recent development of automotive headlights.
  • Cikon patent CN106122870B discloses an LED light source and near beam integrated vehicle lamp module, which mainly includes a lens, a lens holder (shading cover), a plurality of primary optical elements (reflectors and condensers), a circuit board and a heat sink.
  • the lamp module has the following shortcomings:
  • the lens has a height of 40 mm and a width of about 50 mm, which will increase the volume of the entire car light module, which is generally about 150 mm in length, 80 mm in width, and 80 mm in height.
  • it if it is used as an auxiliary low beam module, it does not actually need high illuminance, only a light shape with uniform illuminance and a wide spread is obtained. Therefore, the volume of the car light module will cause a waste of space and cost.
  • the optical system has low precision. To obtain the ideal car light shape, it is necessary to ensure the relative position accuracy of the primary optical element and the lens.
  • the primary optics and the radiator are positioned and installed first, and then the lens and lens holder are positioned and installed, and then positioned and installed with the radiator or installed with the radiator via a transition bracket. This positioning installation The method causes multiple assembly errors between the primary optical element and the lens, and it is difficult to ensure the manufacturing accuracy and positioning and installation accuracy, resulting in low optical system accuracy.
  • the dispersion phenomenon is serious.
  • the thickness of the upper and lower ends of the lens used in this car light module is very thin, and the light that hits the upper and lower ends of the lens will be greatly deflected, causing serious dispersion, which does not meet the requirements of regulations.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp module with high optical system precision.
  • the present invention provides a miniature vehicle lamp module, which includes a lens arranged from front to back, a primary optical element, and a light source, the light source is fixed on a circuit board, a connecting portion is provided on the primary optical element, and the lens A lens connection part is provided on the upper part, and the primary optical element is directly connected to the lens connection part and the circuit board through the connection parts.
  • one or more positioning pins are provided on the rear side of the primary optical element, and positioning holes matching the positioning pins are provided on the circuit board.
  • the lens connecting part includes an upper and lower part
  • the connecting part includes a first connecting part and a second connecting part, which respectively cooperate with the upper and lower parts of the lens connecting part.
  • the lens connecting portion is provided with a plurality of positioning pins
  • the first connecting portion is provided with a riveting hole for the positioning pin to be inserted
  • the second connecting portion is provided with a matching with the positioning pin. ⁇ Locating holes.
  • it further includes an L-shaped heat sink, and the circuit board is fixedly mounted on the vertical section of the heat sink.
  • the connecting portion further includes a third connecting portion, which is sequentially fixedly connected to the circuit board and the vertical section of the heat sink by a fastener; the lower part of the lens connecting portion The second connecting part and the horizontal section of the radiator are fixedly connected in turn by fasteners.
  • the primary optical element is a condenser.
  • the light-emitting surface of the light concentrator is a flat surface, and a light-concentrating structure corresponding to the light source is provided on the rear side along the lateral direction.
  • the light source is an LED light source or a laser light source.
  • a light-shielding cover is also sleeved on the lens, and the front side of the light-shielding cover is open for exposing the light-emitting surface of the lens.
  • the radius of curvature of the lens is R, and the height of the lens is H and satisfies: H ⁇ 4R/3.
  • the height of the lens is 5 mm to 15 mm.
  • the focal length of the lens is 5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the precision of the optical system is high. Both the lens and the circuit board are directly connected to the primary optical element to reduce multiple assembly errors. The accuracy of the optical system can be ensured only by ensuring the relative position accuracy of the three;
  • the structure is compact and small, which helps to reduce the size of each optical element, reduce the volume of the entire car light module, reduce production and manufacturing costs, and have good commercial value prospects, because the miniature car light module is very suitable for vehicles
  • the development trend of styling can even make the existing headlights disappear.
  • the car light module is arranged in an inconspicuous position for vehicle lighting, such as bumpers, grilles, etc., which will help to further enhance the appearance of the car. degree;
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a car lamp module of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the vehicle lamp module of the present invention (with the third connecting part removed);
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the car light module of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the primary optical element and the lens
  • Figure 5 is a side view of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a second schematic diagram of the connection structure of the primary optical element and the lens
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the circuit board, the primary optical element and the lens;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lens
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a primary optical element
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the primary optical element and lens
  • Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the low beam light shape.
  • the low beam shape of the car light module includes the main low beam shape A located in the central area (dotted line area) and the auxiliary low beam shape B located in the expanded area, the main low beam shape A and the auxiliary The low-beam light shape B partially overlaps, the main low-beam light shape A has higher illuminance, and the auxiliary low-beam light shape B has uniform illuminance.
  • the light shape refers to the light projected on the light distribution screen by the light emitted by the car lamp module. shape.
  • the present invention provides a miniature car light module, which includes a lens 21 arranged from front to back, a primary optical element 1 and a light source, the light source is fixed on the circuit board 5, and the primary optical element 1 A connecting portion 10 is provided, and the lens 21 is provided with a lens connecting portion 22 extending backward.
  • the primary optical element 1 is directly connected to the lens connecting portion 22 at the front and the circuit board 5 at the rear through the connecting portion 10 respectively.
  • the lens connecting portion 22 includes upper and lower parts fixed to the upper and lower ends of the lens 21, and the connecting portion 10 includes connecting portions 22 respectively connected to the lens.
  • the upper and lower parts are matched with the first connecting portion 11 and the second connecting portion 12.
  • the lens connecting portion 22 is provided with a plurality of positioning pins 221 facing rearward, and the first connecting portion 11 is provided with a riveting hole 111 that cooperates with the positioning pins 221 to connect the first connecting portion 11 and the upper part of the lens connecting portion 22
  • the second connecting portion 12 is provided with two positioning holes 121 that are matched with the positioning pins 221, one of which is a round hole and the other is a waist-shaped hole.
  • the positioning pins and positioning holes help to further improve the installation accuracy between the lens 21 and the primary optical element 1.
  • the two can be fixedly connected by screw connection, riveting, glue connection or welding.
  • the second connecting portion 12 and the lower part of the lens connecting portion 22 are also correspondingly opened with connecting holes 122/222, and the two are fixedly connected by a fastener 6, and the fastener 6 preferably uses a mounting screw.
  • the connecting portion 10 also includes a third connecting portion 13, which is located behind the first connecting portion 11, and is provided with a connecting hole 131, and the third connecting portion 13 passes through the connecting hole through the fastener 6 131 is fixedly connected to the circuit board 5.
  • connecting portion 10 and the lens connecting portion 22 can adjust the structure and connection mode of the connecting portion 10 and the lens connecting portion 22 as needed. Except for the specific implementation adopted in the present invention, the first connecting portion 11 and the third connecting portion can also be adjusted. 13 is combined into a connecting part, that is, the connecting part 10 only includes upper and lower parts, and the lens 21, the primary optical element 1 and the circuit board 5 are directly connected by a fastener.
  • the car light module of the present invention also includes an L-shaped radiator 4, the circuit board 5 is fixedly installed on the vertical section of the radiator 4, and two fasteners 6 pass through the first
  • the connecting hole 131 of the three connecting portion 13 the perforation on the circuit board 5 and the heat sink 4 fixedly connect the upper parts of the three, and the horizontal section of the heat sink 4 is also provided with a threaded connection hole, and the other fastener 6 in turn Pass through the connecting hole 222 on the lens connecting portion 22, the connecting hole 122 on the second connecting portion 12, and the threaded connecting hole on the horizontal section of the heat sink 4, and the lower parts of the three are fixedly connected together by the fastener 6.
  • those skilled in the art can also use other heat sinks of different shapes and change the connection relationship accordingly.
  • the lens 21 is also covered with a light shield 3, and the front side of the light shield 3 is open to expose the light exit surface of the lens 21 and prevent light from exiting from the side of the lens 21.
  • the light shield 3 is connected to the lens connecting portion 22, and the connection methods such as riveting, threaded connection, glued connection or welding can also be adopted.
  • the aforementioned primary optical element 1 is a condenser, and at least one light source is provided on the circuit board 5, and the light source is an LED light source or a laser light source, preferably an LED light source.
  • the car light module can be applied to a high beam module, a main low beam module or an auxiliary low beam module.
  • the light exit surface of the concentrator in the prior art is generally a curved surface that is concave backward, which is adapted to the focal surface of the lens to make the lens image clear.
  • the rear side of the concentrator of the present invention is provided with four condensing structures 14 corresponding to the light sources along the lateral direction.
  • the vehicle lamp model of the present invention The light-emitting surface of the group of light concentrators is preferably set to be a plane, so as to blur the boundary of the pixel spot and obtain a uniform auxiliary low-beam light shape B.
  • the size of the lens 21 can be reduced under the premise of ensuring the light effect of the lens 21, so that the volume of the entire car light module is greatly reduced to form a miniature car light module.
  • the corresponding manufacturing cost is also greatly reduced. If the size of the optical element of the car lamp module in the prior art is simply reduced proportionally, the reduced car lamp module has the disadvantages of unsatisfactory light shape effect, poor light efficiency, and inability to provide a good lighting effect for the driver.
  • This embodiment does not simply reduce the size of the lens 21 proportionally, but cuts off its upper and lower ends on the basis of the existing lens, and reduces the upper and lower height dimensions of the lens 21 under the same curvature, thereby ensuring the lens 21, and reduce the size of the lens 21.
  • the thickness of the middle part of the lens 21 of this embodiment is relatively thick, which weakens the serious dispersion caused by the thin lens thickness, and can effectively improve the dispersion phenomenon.
  • the upper and lower ends of the existing lens can be cut to the same size, and the height of the obtained lens 21 from the center to the upper and lower ends is H/2.
  • the upper and lower ends of the existing lens The size of the cut off at the lower ends can also be different.
  • the lens 21 in this embodiment is a biconvex lens, but of course, it may also be a plano-convex lens.
  • the size of the lens 21 can be reduced within the scope of compliance with the requirements of laws and regulations to achieve a height of 5-15mm, a width of 15-35mm, preferably a height of 10mm, and a width of 30m. .
  • the thickness of the upper and lower ends of the lens 21 can be appropriately increased to weaken the dispersion phenomenon.
  • the focal length of the lens and the size of the primary optical element 1 are also greatly reduced.
  • the focal length of the lens is 5-20mm, preferably 10mm.
  • the primary optical element 1 is about 30mm long and 40mm wide, so that the volume of the car light module is greatly reduced.
  • the car light module of this size is a miniature car light module, which is beneficial to save space and reduce costs.
  • a light source with high luminous flux such as a laser light source
  • the volume of the car light module can also be reduced to obtain a high illuminance high beam or main low beam light shape A .
  • the precision of the optical system is high. Both the lens and the circuit board are directly connected to the primary optical element to reduce multiple assembly errors. The accuracy of the optical system can be ensured only by ensuring the relative position accuracy of the three;
  • the structure is compact and small, which helps to reduce the size of each optical element, reduce the volume of the entire car light module, reduce production and manufacturing costs, and have good commercial value prospects, because the miniature car light module is very suitable for vehicles
  • the development trend of styling can even make the existing headlights disappear.
  • the car light module is arranged in an inconspicuous position for vehicle lighting, such as bumpers, grilles, etc., which will help to further enhance the appearance of the car. degree;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种车灯模组，包括由前向后设置的透镜（21）、初级光学元件（1）和光源，光源固定在电路板（5）上，在初级光学元（1）上设有连接部（10），在透镜（21）上设有透镜连接部（22），初级光学元件（1）通过连接部（10）分别与透镜连接部（22）和电路板（5）直接定位连接。车灯模组的有益之处在于：光学系统精度高，透镜（21）和电路板（5）均与初级光学元件（1）直接定位连接，减少多次装配误差，只需保证三者的相对位置精度即可保证光学系统精度；结构紧凑、小巧，有助于缩小各光学元件的尺寸，减小整个车灯模组的体积；通过将现有透镜的上下两端截掉，弱化了色散现象。

Description

一种微型车灯模组 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆照明技术领域，尤其涉及一种微型车灯模组。
背景技术
车灯模组一般指具有透镜或相当结构的零件作为最终出光元件，且用于汽车前照灯的近光或远光照明的装置。最近几年，汽车行业的发展逐渐成熟和稳定，车灯模组的种类越来越多样化，对车灯模组的综合性能也提出了越来越多的要求，比如汽车前照灯的近光或远光光形均匀性、近光的可视性、散热性能、远光的亮度以及模组的结构、重量和体积等。
中国发明专利CN106122870B公开了一种LED光源远近光一体车灯模组，其主要包括透镜、透镜支架(遮光罩)、多个初级光学元件(反射镜和聚光器)、电路板和散热器。该车灯模组存在以下几方面的不足：
1、体积较大。由于采用的是LED光源，其单位面积的光通量很低，为了提高光效，得到照度高的远光或主近光，通常需采用尺寸较大的透镜，以使更多光线射入透镜。一般透镜高40mm，宽50mm左右，其会导致整个车灯模组的体积增大，一般长约150mm，宽约80mm，高约80mm。但是如果用于辅助近光模组，其实并不需要高照度，只需得到照度均匀、展宽很宽的光形，因此该体积的车灯模组会造成空间和成本的浪费。
2、光学系统精度低。若要得到理想的车灯光形，需要保证初级光学元件和透镜的相对位置精度。而在该车灯模组中，先由初级光学元件和散热器进行定位安装，然后透镜和透镜支架进行定位安装再与散热器定位安装或者经由一个过渡支架与散热器定位安装，这种定位安装方法使得初级光学元件和透镜之间存在多次装配误差，制造精度和定位安装精度很难保证，使得光学系统精度较低。
3、色散现象严重，该车灯模组采用的透镜上下两端的厚度很薄，射至透镜上下两端的光线会产生较大偏折，造成严重的色散现象，不符合法规要求。
发明内容
针对上述缺陷，本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种光学系统精度高的车灯模组。
本发明提供了一种微型车灯模组，包括由前向后设置的透镜、初级光学元件和光源，所 述光源固定在电路板上，所述初级光学元件上设有连接部，所述透镜上设有透镜连接部，所述初级光学元件通过连接部分别与所述透镜连接部和电路板直接定位连接。
优选地，所述初级光学元件的后侧设有一个或多个定位销，所述电路板上设有与所述定位销相配合的定位孔。
优选地，所述透镜连接部包括上下两部分，所述连接部包括第一连接部和第二连接部，两者分别与所述透镜连接部的上下两部分相配合。
优选地，所述透镜连接部上设有多个定位销，所述第一连接部开有供所述定位销插入的铆接孔，所述第二连接部上开有与所述定位销相配合的定位孔。
优选地，还包括L型的散热器，所述电路板固定安装在所述散热器的竖直段上。
优选地，所述连接部还包括第三连接部，所述第三连接部通过紧固件依次与所述电路板、所述散热器的竖直段固定连接；所述透镜连接部的下部分通过紧固件依次与所述第二连接部、所述散热器的水平段固定连接。
优选地，所述初级光学元件为聚光器。
优选地，所述聚光器的出光面为平面，后侧沿横向设有与所述光源相对应的聚光结构。
优选地，所述光源为LED光源或激光光源。
优选地，所述透镜上还套设有遮光罩，所述遮光罩的前侧敞口，用于露出所述透镜的出光面。
优选地，所述透镜的曲率半径为R，所述透镜的高度为H且满足：H≤4R/3。
优选地，所述透镜的高度为5mm～15mm。
优选地，所述透镜的焦距为5mm～20mm。
本发明的有益之处在于：
(1)光学系统精度高，透镜和电路板均与初级光学元件直接定位连接，减少多次装配误差，只需保证三者的相对位置精度即可保证光学系统精度；
(2)结构紧凑、小巧，有助于缩小各光学元件的尺寸，减小整个车灯模组的体积，降低生产制造成本，同时具有良好的商业价值前景，因为微型车灯模组十分适应车辆造型的发展趋势，甚至能够使现有的大灯消失，将车灯模组布置在不显眼的位置以用于车辆的照明，比如保险杠、格栅等位置，有助于进一步提升汽车外形美观度；
(3)将现有透镜的上、下两端截掉，只留取中间厚度较厚的部分，弱化了色散现象。
附图说明
图1是本发明车灯模组的立体图；
图2是本发明车灯模组的剖面图(移除第三连接部)；
图3是本发明车灯模组的爆炸图；
图4是初级光学元件和透镜的连接结构示意图一；
图5是图4的侧视图；
图6是初级光学元件和透镜的连接结构示意图二；
图7是电路板、初级光学元件和透镜的连接结构示意图；
图8是透镜的结构示意图；
图9是初级光学元件的结构示意图；
图10是初级光学元件和透镜的剖面图；
图11是近光光形示意图。
元件标号说明：
1          初级光学元件
10         连接部
11         第一连接部
111        铆接孔
12         第二连接部
121        定位孔
122        连接孔
13         第三连接部
131        连接孔
14         聚光结构
15         定位销
21         透镜
22         透镜连接部
221        定位销
222        连接孔
3          遮光罩
4          散热器
5          电路板
6          紧固件
A          主近光光形
B          辅助近光光形
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细说明。这些实施方式仅用于说明本发明，而并非对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
如图2所示，为了便于描述，下述实施例中各方向的定义如下：沿视图纸面向上为上方向，沿视图纸面向下为下方向，沿视图纸面朝右为前方向，沿视图纸面朝左为后方向。在对其他视图描述时，以图2所确定的方向作为基础。如图11所示，车灯模组的近光光形包括位于中心区域(虚线区域)的主近光光形A和位于展宽区域的辅助近光光形B，主近光光形A和辅助近光光形B部分重叠，主近光光形A的照度较高，辅助近光光形B的照度均匀，其中，光形是指车灯模组射出的光线投射在配光屏幕上的光形。
如图1-3所示，本发明提供了一种微型车灯模组，包括由前向后设置的透镜21、初级光学元件1和光源，光源固定在电路板5上，初级光学元件1上设有连接部10，透镜21上设有向后方延伸的透镜连接部22，初级光学元件1通过连接部10分别与位于前方的透镜连接 部22和位于后方的电路板5直接定位连接。通过设置连接部10和透镜连接部22来替代现有技术中的支架，可以有效减少车灯模组中的部件数量，提升部件之间的安装精度，降低多次装配导致的误差，大大提高了光学系统的精度。
结合图3、4、5、8和9可知，在本发明的一个具体实施例中，透镜连接部22包括分别固定在透镜21上下两端的上下两部分，连接部10包括分别与透镜连接部22的上下两部分相配合的第一连接部11和第二连接部12。透镜连接部22上设有多个朝向后方的定位销221，第一连接部11上开有与定位销221相配合的铆接孔111，以将第一连接部11和透镜连接部22的上部分铆接，第二连接部12上开有两个与定位销221相配合的定位孔121，其中一个为圆孔，另一个为腰形孔。定位销和定位孔的设置有助于进一步提升透镜21与初级光学元件1之间的安装精度，此外，两者之间可以采用螺纹连接、铆接、胶接或者焊接等方式进行固定连接。具体地，第二连接部12和透镜连接部22的下部分还对应地开有连接孔122/222，两者之间通过紧固件6固定连接，紧固件6优选地采用安装螺钉。
如图1、6和7所示，初级光学元件1的后侧设有一个或多个定位销15，电路板5上设有与定位销15相配合的定位孔。同时，连接部10上还包括第三连接部13，第三连接部13位于第一连接部11的后方，其上开有连接孔131，第三连接部13通过紧固件6穿过连接孔131与电路板5固定连接。
在具体实施中，本领域技术人员可以根据需要调整连接部10和透镜连接部22的结构和连接方式，除了本发明所采用的具体实施例外，也可以将第一连接部11和第三连接部13合并为一个连接部，即连接部10仅包括上下两部分，通过紧固件将透镜21、初级光学元件1和电路板5直接定位连接。
如图2和图3所示，本发明的车灯模组还包括L型的散热器4，电路板5固定安装在散热器4的竖直段上，两个紧固件6依次穿过第三连接部13的连接孔131、电路板5上的穿孔和散热器4将三者的上部固定连接，且散热器4的水平段上还开有一个螺纹连接孔，另一个紧固件6依次穿过透镜连接部22上的连接孔222、第二连接部12上的连接孔122和散热器4水平段上的螺纹连接孔，并通过紧固件6将三者的下部固定连接在一起。当然，本领域技术人员也可以采用其他不同形状的散热器，并相应地改变连接关系。
如图1-3所示，透镜21上还套设有遮光罩3，遮光罩3的前侧敞口，用于露出透镜21的出光面，防止光线从透镜21的侧面射出。该遮光罩3与透镜连接部22连接，同样可以采用铆接、螺纹连接、胶接或者焊接等连接方式。
前述的初级光学元件1为聚光器，电路板5上设有至少一颗光源，光源为LED光源或激光光源，优选地采用LED光源。该车灯模组可以应用于远光模组、主近光模组或辅助近光模组。当应用于辅助近光模组时，现有技术中的聚光器出光面一般为向后凹陷的弧面，其与透镜的物体焦面相适应，以使透镜成像清晰，但是，如图7、10和11所示，本发明聚光器的后侧沿横向设有与光源相对应的四个聚光结构14，电路板5上仅有四颗光源，在用于辅助近光时，由于辅助近光光形B展宽很宽，四颗光源形成的像素光斑部分叠加后，每个像素光斑的左右边界都很清晰，反而影响辅助近光光形B的均匀形，因此，本发明车灯模组的聚光器的出光面优选设置成平面，以使像素光斑的边界模糊化，得到均匀的辅助近光光形B。
如图1所示，假设透镜21的曲率半径为R，透镜21的高度为H且满足：H≤4R/3，该高度H可以通过将现有透镜的上、下两端截掉，只留取中间厚度较厚的部分来实现，由此可以在保证透镜21光效的前提下减小透镜21的尺寸，从而使得整个车灯模组的体积大大减小，构成微型车灯模组，造型美观，相应制造成本也大大降低。如果只是单纯的按比例缩小现有技术的车灯模组光学元件尺寸，缩小后的车灯模组存在光形效果不理想、光效差、不能为驾驶员提供良好的照明效果的缺点。本实施例不是单纯的按比例缩小透镜21的尺寸，而是在现有透镜的基础上截掉其上、下两端，在相同曲率下减小透镜21的上下高度尺寸，由此确保了透镜21的光效，并减小了透镜21的尺寸。同时，本实施例的透镜21因留取的中间部分厚度较厚，弱化了因透镜厚度过薄带来的严重色散，能够有效改善色散现象。实际应用中，将现有透镜的上、下两端截掉的尺寸可以相同，则得到的透镜21从中心向上、下两端延伸的高度均为H/2，当然，将现有透镜的上、下两端截掉的尺寸也可以不同。透镜21的左右宽度可以较长，不影响色散，故，本实施例中的透镜21的正向投影为横置的长方形。另外，如图10所示，本实施例中的透镜21为双凸透镜，当然也可以为平凸透镜。
由于本发明车灯模组的零部件较少，结构紧凑，在符合法规要求的范围内，透镜21的尺寸可以缩小，做到高度5～15mm，宽度15～35mm，优选地高10mm，宽30m。同时可以适当增加透镜21上下两端的厚度，弱化色散现象。相应地，透镜焦距和初级光学元件1尺寸也大大减小，透镜焦距为5～20mm，优选地为10mm，初级光学元件1长约30mm，宽约40mm，从而使车灯模组的体积大大减小，变为长约80mm，宽约40mm，高约30mm。该尺寸的车灯模组属于微型车灯模组，有利于节省空间，降低成本。对于远光模组和主近光模组来说，如果采用光通量高的光源，例如激光光源，同样可以将车灯模组的体积减小，获得高照度的远光或主近光光形A。
综上所述，本发明的有益之处在于：
(1)光学系统精度高，透镜和电路板均与初级光学元件直接定位连接，减少多次装配误差，只需保证三者的相对位置精度即可保证光学系统精度；
(2)结构紧凑、小巧，有助于缩小各光学元件的尺寸，减小整个车灯模组的体积，降低生产制造成本，同时具有良好的商业价值前景，因为微型车灯模组十分适应车辆造型的发展趋势，甚至能够使现有的大灯消失，将车灯模组布置在不显眼的位置以用于车辆的照明，比如保险杠、格栅等位置，有助于进一步提升汽车外形美观度；
(3)将现有透镜的上、下两端截掉，只留取中间厚度较厚的部分，弱化了色散现象。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种车灯模组，包括由前向后设置的透镜(21)、初级光学元件(1)和光源，所述光源固定在电路板(5)上，其特征在于，所述初级光学元件(1)上设有连接部(10)，所述透镜(21)上设有透镜连接部(22)，所述初级光学元件(1)通过连接部(10)分别与所述透镜连接部(22)和电路板(5)直接定位连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述初级光学元件(1)的后侧设有一个或多个定位销(15)，所述电路板(5)上设有与所述定位销(15)相配合的定位孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜连接部(22)包括上下两部分，所述连接部(10)包括第一连接部(11)和第二连接部(12)，两者分别与所述透镜连接部(22)的上下两部分相配合。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜连接部(22)上设有多个定位销(221)，所述第一连接部(11)开有供所述定位销(221)插入的铆接孔(111)，所述第二连接部(12)上开有与所述定位销(221)相配合的定位孔(121)。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，还包括L型的散热器(4)，所述电路板(5)固定安装在所述散热器(4)的竖直段上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述连接部(10)上还包括第三连接部(13)，所述第三连接部(13)通过紧固件(6)依次与所述电路板(5)、所述散热器(4)的竖直段固定连接；所述透镜连接部(22)的下部分通过紧固件(6)依次与所述第二连接部(12)、所述散热器(4)的水平段固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述初级光学元件(1)为聚光器。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述聚光器的出光面为平面，后侧沿横向设有与所述光源相对应的聚光结构(14)。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述光源为LED光源或激光光源。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(21)上还套设有遮光罩(3)，所述遮光罩(3)的前侧敞口，用于露出所述透镜(21)的出光面。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(21)的曲率半径为R，所述透镜(21)的高度为H且满足：H≤4R/3。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(21)的高度为5mm～15mm。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的车灯模组，其特征在于，所述透镜(21)的焦距为5mm～20mm。
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