WO2021032850A1 - Équipement et procédé d'homogénéisation de produits coulés - Google Patents

Équipement et procédé d'homogénéisation de produits coulés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021032850A1
WO2021032850A1 PCT/EP2020/073380 EP2020073380W WO2021032850A1 WO 2021032850 A1 WO2021032850 A1 WO 2021032850A1 EP 2020073380 W EP2020073380 W EP 2020073380W WO 2021032850 A1 WO2021032850 A1 WO 2021032850A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating
equipment
products
zone
homogenization
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/073380
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Snorre Rist
Alf Inge Romfo
Petter Åsholt
Original Assignee
Norsk Hydro Asa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norsk Hydro Asa filed Critical Norsk Hydro Asa
Publication of WO2021032850A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021032850A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/06—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated
    • F27B9/062—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated
    • F27B9/067—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity heated without contact between combustion gases and charge; electrically heated electrically heated heated by induction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34—Methods of heating
    • C21D1/42—Induction heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/70—Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to equipment and a method for continuous homogenization of products like extrusion ingot or sheet ingots (slabs), said products being made from aluminium alloys.
  • Extrusion ingots are most commonly used for extruded products, but also as raw material (workpiece) for forged and machined products.
  • the present invention is also relevant for these kind of applications.
  • Said products are commonly cast in a semi continuous manner by delivery of liquid aluminium from a melting / casting furnace to a casting apparatus.
  • the casting operation is commonly followed by a homogenization process to improve the metallic microstructure of the cast products.
  • the homogenization process is done by heating the products up to a certain temperature in a furnace and holding this temperature for a certain period. At the end of this period the products are cooled in a controlled manner to ambient temperature. Commonly, gas or electricity separately or in a combination can be applied as heat sources.
  • US 3386717 relates to a process and apparatus for heat treating aluminium ingots upfront heating in a direct fired furnace.
  • a surface portion of the ingot is heated above a dew point to prevent water from condensing out on the surface of the ingot and forming a stain as it permeates through the amorphous oxide film present thereon. It is indicated that the surface temperature should be increased up to 150°F, which corresponds to approximately 65 °C. Heating can be done by an induction furnace.
  • the equipment comprises three zones; heating zone (HZ), residing zone (RZ) and a cooling chamber.
  • the heating zone and the residing zone are interconnected while the cooling chamber is commonly arranged at the side of the residing zone.
  • a conveyor interconnects the residing zone and the cooling chamber and transports the products from the residing zone to the cooling chamber.
  • the residing period of the products in the equipment is determined by the specifications set by the customer. This specified period is defined by the necessary time to obtain desired metallurgical effects like transformation and dissolution of intermetallic particles and eliminating concentration gradients of alloying elements.
  • the residing period may vary, but commonly the period is 120 to 240 minutes.
  • the step frequency through the equipment will be approximately one step per each 125 seconds.
  • the equipment for operating the homogenization process can be replaced with larger equipment, but this kind of equipment is very space demanding and an expansion of the building facilities may become necessary, if at all possible both practically and economically.
  • a separated pre-heating step upfront the heating zone where the heating is generated by induction heating coils.
  • a further advantage of using induction preheating contrary to heating for instance with hot air is avoiding overheating of the ingot surface, thereby reducing the risk for surface remelting and oxidation (black billets).
  • Fig. 1 shows a series of plots of the temperature versus time of a product in a traditional homogenizing line without pre-heating
  • Fig. 2 shows temperature development during induction heating in two positions along the length of a billet versus time
  • FIG. 3 shows the temperature development in different positions in the end surface of a billet versus time from the same test as in figure 2
  • Fig. 4 shows billets on a conveyor under flat-coil induction heaters upfront a heating zone.
  • the graph discloses the temperature versus time of a product in a traditional homogenizing line without pre-heating.
  • the graph shows several measurements of the temperature versus time of a product in a heating and residing chamber.
  • the time up to 400 S C is marked in the drawing.
  • the pre-heating allows a shorter residing period in the heating zone.
  • the heating period up to the target temperature constituting about half of the total time, can be reduced by approximately 25% by doing the preheating of the product to 400 S C, this time period is marked in figure 1.
  • the residing time in the heating zone can be substantially shortened by implementing the invention, and this can be exploited by increased capacity in the holding zone.
  • the pre-heating is preferably done by induction heating of the individual product as shown in Fig. 4 (will be described in detail later).
  • the residing time of the products in the heating zone can be reduced and the capacity of the residing zone can be increased correspondingly, by the suggested pre-heating.
  • the existing equipment can be operated with the same number of positions as before, where some positions has shifted from the heating zone to the residing zone.
  • the total residing period of the products in the homogenizing line can in one embodiment be reduced by 35 minutes when preheated up to 400 S C, which will represent a significant increase in capacity (20-40%).
  • the invention can be relatively simply introduced as a brownfield installation in existing continuous homogenization equipment without need to enlarge the footprint (floor space) or amending the building structure.
  • this kind of heat treatment furnaces have a feeding system, often a conveyor, for feeding cast products to the inlet of the furnace, and the provision of the induction heating system including the induction coils can be arranged in this area.
  • the coils can be fixed to a rack or a frame, preferably above the said feeding system.
  • a heat control system for the energization of the induction coils can be integrated with an existing control system of the furnace
  • the products will not be exposed to very high temperature gradients during the pre heating cycle. The same applies as it goes further into the heating zone of the homogenization equipment. The exposure of the surface of the product will be less as the product will not be exposed to the excessive heating from gas burners in the heating zone.
  • Fig. 2 the temperature development during induction heating in two positions along the length of a billet versus time is shown.
  • the heating cycles comprise 90 seconds heating followed by 90 seconds of resting which is repeated until 450 S C is reached.
  • Fig. 3 the temperature development in different positions in the end surface of a billet versus time from the same test as in figure 2 is shown.
  • the measurement positions are distributed along the radius from the side (SP1 ) to the centre (SP4).
  • the measurements indicate that the heating is giving a homogenous rise in the temperature throughout the billet’s cross section.
  • the preheating equipment 1 comprises induction coils 1 ’, 2’, 3’, 4’ of the so called flat-coil type that are arranged above the products P (here billets 11 , 12, 13, 14) as they are moved transversally into the equipment preferably by an existing conveyor system, without need for substantial modifications of the conveyor system.
  • induction coils 1 ’, 2’, 3’, 4’ of the so called flat-coil type that are arranged above the products P (here billets 11 , 12, 13, 14) as they are moved transversally into the equipment preferably by an existing conveyor system, without need for substantial modifications of the conveyor system.
  • Application of different type of coils can be realized in case the products are arranged for movement lengthwise into and through the equipment.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un équipement et un procédé d'homogénéisation de produits coulés allongés (P) à partir d'un alliage d'aluminium, lesdits produits étant soit des lingots d'extrusion, soit des lingots de laminage, soit des brames de différentes dimensions, l'équipement (four) comprend un transporteur pour transporter les produits à travers celui-ci, une première zone de chauffage et une zone de résidence et une chambre de refroidissement. Selon l'invention, les produits sont préchauffés dans une étape de préchauffage séparée avant d'entrer dans la zone de chauffage, de préférence jusqu'à 400 °C. La chaleur est générée par des bobines de chauffage par induction (1', 2', 3', 4') qui peut fonctionner de manière intermittente.
PCT/EP2020/073380 2019-08-20 2020-08-20 Équipement et procédé d'homogénéisation de produits coulés WO2021032850A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20191003 2019-08-20
NO20191003A NO20191003A1 (en) 2019-08-20 2019-08-20 Equipment and process for homogenization of cast products

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021032850A1 true WO2021032850A1 (fr) 2021-02-25

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2020/073380 WO2021032850A1 (fr) 2019-08-20 2020-08-20 Équipement et procédé d'homogénéisation de produits coulés

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO20191003A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021032850A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386717A (en) 1965-04-01 1968-06-04 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Process and apparatus for heat treating aluminum ingots
US20100043699A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2010-02-25 Andreas Kienzle Method for Siliconizing Carbon-Containing Materials
CN102796976A (zh) * 2012-08-22 2012-11-28 北京有色金属研究总院 一种改善含Zr的7xxx系铝合金组织与性能的阶段均匀化热处理方法
CN105714223A (zh) * 2016-03-17 2016-06-29 中铝科学技术研究院有限公司 一种Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr铝合金的均匀化热处理方法
CN105734466A (zh) * 2014-12-09 2016-07-06 北京有色金属研究总院 一种改进7xxx系变形铝合金组织与性能的固溶热处理方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3386717A (en) 1965-04-01 1968-06-04 Kaiser Aluminium Chem Corp Process and apparatus for heat treating aluminum ingots
US20100043699A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2010-02-25 Andreas Kienzle Method for Siliconizing Carbon-Containing Materials
CN102796976A (zh) * 2012-08-22 2012-11-28 北京有色金属研究总院 一种改善含Zr的7xxx系铝合金组织与性能的阶段均匀化热处理方法
CN105734466A (zh) * 2014-12-09 2016-07-06 北京有色金属研究总院 一种改进7xxx系变形铝合金组织与性能的固溶热处理方法
CN105714223A (zh) * 2016-03-17 2016-06-29 中铝科学技术研究院有限公司 一种Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr铝合金的均匀化热处理方法

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