WO2021031399A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031399A1
WO2021031399A1 PCT/CN2019/117625 CN2019117625W WO2021031399A1 WO 2021031399 A1 WO2021031399 A1 WO 2021031399A1 CN 2019117625 W CN2019117625 W CN 2019117625W WO 2021031399 A1 WO2021031399 A1 WO 2021031399A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
emitting unit
light
display area
display device
transparent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/117625
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
查国伟
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US16/970,389 priority Critical patent/US11693271B2/en
Publication of WO2021031399A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031399A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133388—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods with constructional differences between the display region and the peripheral region
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133528—Polarisers
    • G02F1/133548—Wire-grid polarisers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display, in particular to a display device.
  • full-screen technology has become the current focus of research and development, that is, how to maximize the screen-to-body ratio of human-computer interaction interfaces through the development of related technologies.
  • the first-generation full-screen technology mainly focused on the screen size ratio changing from 16:9 to 18:9 or even larger; the second-generation full-screen further compresses the borders between the top, bottom, left, and right of the screen, and even uses flexible folding technology to maximize the screen size.
  • Another recent research direction for full screens is how to further integrate the fingerprint recognition, camera, face recognition, distance sensing and other sensors of the display terminal into the display area of the display, so that the display gradually transitions from a simple display interface to Comprehensive perception and interactive interface.
  • the current mainstream display technologies include liquid crystal displays (LCD) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLED).
  • LCD is a passive light-emitting technology.
  • the entire backlight structure illuminates the liquid crystal cell to realize the brightness and darkness control of the optical fiber, while the OLED technology uses one-by-one OLED pixels actively emit light because they have advantages such as high contrast, thinness, flexibility, and folding.
  • OLED organic light-emitting diodes
  • MicroLED Compared with OLED technology, MicroLED has similar active light-emitting characteristics. At the same time, due to the stability and high efficiency of inorganic LED itself, it has the advantages of long life, high brightness, small chip size and long response time compared with OLED technology. It has become one of the key development directions in the display industry. However, compared with traditional panel technology through etching and other "subtractive manufacturing" methods, microLEDs mainly rely on additive manufacturing methods, which have lower technological maturity, especially when faced with the transfer of huge display pixels, they have inherent process yield and cost. Therefore, it is still difficult to become a truly mature display technology in the short term.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a display device, by making a small-area MicroLED light-emitting unit in a transparent display area, so that when the MicroLED light-emitting unit is turned on, the transparent display area can realize normal display, and at the same time, it can penetrate the transparent display area at any time.
  • the image collected in the display area enters the under-screen sensor, and the transparent display area is seamlessly connected with the main display area, so there is no display interruption or discontinuous boundary visually, and a complete full-screen design can be realized.
  • the present invention provides a display device, including a backlight module; a lower polarizer arranged on the backlight module, the lower polarizer is provided with a second through hole; a liquid crystal display panel is arranged on the lower polarizer away from the One side of the backlight module includes a main display area and a transparent display area, the main display area surrounds the transparent display area; the upper polarizer is arranged on the side of the liquid crystal display panel away from the lower polarizer, the The upper polarizer is provided with a first through hole, and the first through hole and the second through hole correspond to the transparent display area; wherein, a number of MicroLED light-emitting units are provided in the first through hole.
  • the transparent display area is provided with a transparent substrate, and the transparent substrate is provided on a side of the liquid crystal display panel away from the backlight module; the MicroLED light-emitting unit is provided on the transparent substrate.
  • the MicroLED light emitting unit includes a red light emitting unit, a green light emitting unit, and a blue light emitting unit;
  • the area of the MicroLED light-emitting unit is smaller than the area of the sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the length of the MicroLED light-emitting unit is 1 to 500 um
  • the sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display panel are 10 to 1000 um
  • the light transmittance of the transparent display area is 50% to 100%.
  • the red light-emitting unit includes a blue light-emitting unit and a conversion film coated on the blue light-emitting unit, and the conversion film is excited by the blue light-emitting unit to realize light emission of the red light-emitting unit;
  • the green light-emitting unit includes a blue light-emitting unit and a conversion film coated on the blue light-emitting unit.
  • the blue light-emitting unit excites the conversion film to realize the light emission of the blue light-emitting unit; the conversion film is quantum Dot film or phosphor.
  • the upper polarizer is a metal wire grid polarizer;
  • the metal wire grid polarizer includes: a light-transmitting substrate; a dielectric layer provided on the light-transmitting substrate; a plurality of metal wire grids are provided on the The dielectric layer is away from the side of the transparent substrate; the period of the metal wire grid is 20 ⁇ 500 nm, duty cycle is 0.1 ⁇ 0.9, height is 10 ⁇ 500 nm.
  • the metal wire grid is made of Al, Ag, or Au with a relatively large refractive index;
  • the dielectric layer material includes SiO2, SiO, MgO, Si3N4, TiO2, Ta2O5.
  • the upper polarizer is a coated oriented polarizer, which includes polarizers and oriented ligands.
  • the backlight module is an edge-type backlight module; the backlight module includes: a light guide plate with a through hole, the through hole corresponding to the transparent display area; a backlight source, arranged on the side of the light guide plate
  • a sensor module is provided in the through hole; the sensor module includes, but is not limited to, a fingerprint recognition sensor, a camera sensor, a structured light sensor, a time-of-flight sensor, a distance sensor or a light sensor.
  • the invention provides a display device, which forms a transparent display area by realizing a transparent display at the position of a sensor module under a liquid crystal display panel.
  • a small-area MicroLED light-emitting unit is fabricated in the transparent display area to realize the display function of the transparent display area.
  • the MicroLED display adopts RGB three-color display, and the size of each MicroLED light-emitting unit is smaller than the size of the sub-pixel. Light can pass normally in the area where there is no MicroLED light-emitting unit inside the sub-pixel. Therefore, the area can realize normal display when the MicroLED light-emitting unit is turned on.
  • the transparent display area is seamlessly connected with the main display area, so there is no display interruption and discontinuous borders (such as notch, Hole, etc.) visually, and a complete full-screen design can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of the MicroLED light-emitting unit of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the polarizer of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal wire grid polarizer of the display device of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the camera aperture screen of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water drop screen of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the groove screen of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fingerprint recognition round hole screen of the display device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the square screen of the display device of the present invention.
  • Liquid crystal display panel 100 backlight module 200; sensor module 204;.
  • Lower polarizer 11 upper polarizer 12; first through hole 111;
  • Red light-emitting unit 221 Green light-emitting unit 222; Blue light-emitting unit 223;
  • Main display area 110 transparent display area 120; light guide plate 201;
  • Backlight source 202 through hole 203; encapsulation layer 13;
  • Sub-pixel 130 transparent substrate 124; dielectric layer 122;
  • Metal wire grid 123
  • the present invention provides a display device 10 which includes a backlight module 200, a lower polarizer 11, a liquid crystal display panel 100 and an upper polarizer 12.
  • the backlight module 200 is an edge-type backlight module or a direct-type backlight module, and the present invention adopts an edge-type backlight module.
  • the backlight module 200 includes a light guide plate 201 and a backlight source 202.
  • the light guide plate 201 has a through hole 203; the backlight source 202 is arranged on the side of the light guide plate 201; a sensor module 204 is arranged in the through hole 203.
  • the sensor module 204 includes, but is not limited to, a fingerprint recognition sensor, a camera sensor, a structured light sensor, a time-of-flight sensor, a distance sensor, or a light sensor.
  • the lower polarizer 11 is arranged on the backlight module 200; the liquid crystal display panel 100 is arranged on the side of the lower polarizer 11 away from the backlight module 200.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 100 includes a main display area 110 and a transparent display area 120, and the main display area 110 surrounds the transparent display area 120.
  • the transparent display area 120 does not have a pixel circuit, so it can achieve transparency characteristics.
  • the through hole 203 of the light guide plate 201 corresponds to the transparent display area 120.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 100 includes a first substrate 101, a liquid crystal layer 102 and a second substrate 103.
  • the first substrate 101 is a TFT array substrate
  • the second substrate 103 is a color filter substrate.
  • the liquid crystal layer 102 is provided on the side of the first substrate 101 away from the backlight module 200; the second substrate 103 is provided on the side of the liquid crystal layer 102 away from the first substrate 101.
  • the upper polarizer 12 is provided on a side of the liquid crystal display panel 100 away from the lower polarizer 11; the upper polarizer 12 is provided with a first through hole 111, and the lower polarizer 11 is provided with a second through hole. Hole 121; the first through hole 111 and the second through hole 121 correspond to the transparent display area 120.
  • the transparent display area 120 is provided with a transparent substrate 21, the transparent substrate 21 is provided on the side of the liquid crystal display panel 100 away from the backlight module 200; the transparent substrate 21 is made of a material with high transmittance, such as Glass, Colorless PI, PMMA, etc.
  • a number of MicroLED light-emitting units 22 are provided on the transparent substrate 21.
  • the MicroLED display in the transparent display area 120 adopts an on-cell structure, by arranging the transparent substrate 21 on the side of the color filter substrate (that is, the second substrate 103), and arranging a drive on the transparent substrate 21 Wire and TFT switches are used to drive the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 to perform light-emitting display, and can realize the touch function of the transparent display area 120.
  • the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 includes a red light-emitting unit 221, a green light-emitting unit 222, and a blue light-emitting unit 223; the area of the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is smaller than the area of the sub-pixel 130 of the liquid crystal display panel 100.
  • the red light-emitting unit 221, the green light-emitting unit 222, and the blue light-emitting unit 223 are sequentially distributed on the transparent substrate 21 in an array.
  • the sub-pixel 130 marked in FIG. 2 is a virtual mark.
  • the sub-pixel areas are set equally, but the display panel in the transparent display area 120 of the present invention does not have a traditional pixel structure.
  • the reserved sub-pixel virtual mark is to better prepare the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22.
  • the virtual sub-pixels marked in the transparent display area 120 have the same area size as the sub-pixels of the main display area 110.
  • the length of the MicroLED light emitting unit 22 is 1 ⁇ 500um; the sub-pixel of the liquid crystal display panel 100 is 10 ⁇ 1000um.
  • the length of the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is smaller than the length of 100 sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, which can ensure that the area of the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is smaller than the area of 100 sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 The area of is equal to the area of 100 sub-pixels of the liquid crystal display panel, which in turn can ensure the high light transmittance of the transparent display area.
  • the area of the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is smaller than that of the liquid crystal display panel 100.
  • the area of the sub-pixel can be reached to 50%-100%, the higher the transparency rate is, the better, and then more external light can pass through the transparent display area 120, and the sensor module 204 Can accept more external signals.
  • the red light-emitting unit 221 includes a blue light-emitting unit 223 and a conversion film coated on the blue light-emitting unit 223, and the blue light-emitting unit 223 excites the conversion film to realize light emission of the red light-emitting unit 221;
  • the green light-emitting unit 222 includes a blue light-emitting unit 223 and a conversion film coated on the blue light-emitting unit 223, and the blue light-emitting unit 223 excites the conversion film to realize light emission of the blue light-emitting unit 223 ;
  • the conversion film is a quantum dot film or phosphor.
  • the encapsulation layer 13 is provided on the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 and the upper polarizer 12 to isolate water and oxygen and protect the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 and the liquid crystal display panel 100.
  • the liquid crystal display panel 100 is driven in a passive way or in an active way;
  • the active way of driving includes amorphous silicon, indium gallium zinc oxide, and low temperature polysilicon.
  • the upper polarizer 12 may adopt an in-cell structure or an on-cell structure to realize the touch function of the touch-sensitive display panel; there is no upper polarizer in the transparent display area 120 ⁇ 12 structure.
  • the upper polarizer 12 may be a metal wire grid polarizer or a coated oriented polarizer. In this way, the sub-pixels of the transparent display area 120 and the main display area 110 can be displayed normally, so as to realize the seamless connection between the transparent display area 120 and the main display area 110, and avoid the poor precision of the traditional attached polarizers. The problem.
  • the metal wire grid polarizer includes a transparent substrate 124, a dielectric layer 122, and a plurality of metal wire grids 123.
  • the dielectric layer 122 is disposed on the transparent substrate 124; the metal wire grid 123 is disposed on the side of the dielectric layer 122 away from the transparent substrate 124.
  • the period of the metal wire grid 123 is 20 to 500 nm, preferably 200 nm, and can also be 50 nm, 100 nm, 300 nm, and 400 nm; the duty cycle of the metal wire grid 123 is 0.1 to 0.9 and preferably 0.5. It can be 0.2, 0.3, 0.6 or 0.8; the height of the metal wire grid 123 is 10 to 500 nm, preferably 200 nm, and can also be 50 nm, 100 nm, 300 nm or 400 nm.
  • the metal wire grid 123 is made of Al, Ag or Au with a relatively large refractive index; the material of the dielectric layer 122 includes SiO2, SiO, MgO, Si3N4, TiO2, Ta2O5.
  • the coated oriented polarizer includes a polarizer and an oriented ligand; the upper polarizer 12 is accurately coated on the
  • the main display area 110 is then used to make the polarizers have a uniform orientation by rubbing or photo-alignment, so that the upper polarizer 12 obtains a better polarization effect.
  • the shape of the transparent display area 120 mentioned in the present invention is not limited; it is generally a circular hole shape (see Figure 5 or Figure 8, Figure 5 is suitable for camera sensors, and Figure 8 is suitable for fingerprint recognition sensors), or it can be a "water droplet”. "(See Figure 6), "groove screen” (see Figure 7), square screen (see Figure 9) and "beauty tip”.
  • the transparent display area 120 has a small area, such as less than 10*10 mm, and the number of pixels required by the transparent display area 120 is small, so that the transfer yield of the MicroLED in the transparent display area 120 can be guaranteed to Cost Control.
  • the present invention provides a display device 10, which forms a transparent display area 120 by implementing transparent display at the position of the sensor module 204 under the liquid crystal display panel 100. And in the stacking direction, the on-cell technology is used to fabricate the small-area MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 on the color filter substrate.
  • the MicroLED display adopts RGB three-color display, and the size of each MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is smaller than the size of the sub-pixel 130, and light in the area without the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 inside the sub-pixel 130 can pass normally. (As shown in Figure 2, the light-emitting unit area in the dotted area marked in Figure 2, the non-light-emitting unit area can normally transmit light.)
  • the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 when the MicroLED light-emitting unit 22 is turned on, the light-transmitting display area can realize normal display, and at any time, images can be collected through the transparent display area 120 to enter the under-screen sensor, which can realize under-screen fingerprint recognition and under-screen camera. , Various under-screen sensing solutions such as under-screen recognition and under-screen distance perception.
  • the transparent display area 120 is seamlessly connected with the main display area 110, so there is no display interruption and discontinuous borders (such as notch, Hole, etc.) visually, and a complete full-screen design can be realized.
  • MicroLED has the characteristics of high brightness and long life, some pixels can be used as supplementary lights, indicator lights and other functions.
  • the main display area 110 adopts nano-imprint technology to prepare metal wire grid polarizers or by coating oriented polarizers, so as to achieve seamless connection between the main display area 110 and the light-transmitting display area, avoiding traditional attached polarizers The problem of poor accuracy of offset.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种显示装置，包括背光模块、下偏光片、液晶显示面板、以及上偏光片。本发明显示装置在MicroLED发光单元打开时，所述透明显示区可以实现正常显示，同时在任意时刻可以透过所述透明显示区采集图像进入屏下传感器，同时所述透明显示区与主显示区无缝衔接，因而在视觉上没有任何显示中断及不连续边界，可以实现完全的全面屏设计。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示领域，尤其是涉及一种显示装置。
 背景技术
在中小尺寸显示领域，全面屏技术成为当前的重点研发方向，也即如何通过相关技术的开发实现人机交互界面的屏占比最大化。第一代全面屏技术主要集中于屏幕尺寸比例由16:9变化为18：9甚至更大；第二代全面屏就则是进一步地压缩屏幕上下左右的边界，甚至采用柔性折叠技术最大化可视面积。而近期全面屏的另一个研究方向则是如何将显示终端的指纹识别、摄像头、面部识别、距离传感等传感器进一步地融合进显示屏的显示区，使得显示屏从单纯的显示界面逐渐过渡到全面的感知、交互界面。
 技术问题
目前主流的显示技术包括液晶显示器（LCD）和有机发光二极管（OLED），其中LCD为被动发光技术，通过整面背光结构照射液晶盒实现光纤的亮暗控制，而OLED技术则是采用逐颗的OLED像素主动发光，因为相较而言具有高对比、轻薄、可弯曲、可折叠等优势。另一方面，基于OLED无法背光的特性，可以很好的与现行的光学指纹识别模组兼容，因而光学指纹识别成为目前OLED的“独有优势”，同时业界也在开发基于OLED的屏下摄像头方案，从而可以进一步在显示模式和摄像模式间切换并且无需现行LCD 挖孔方案所造成的挖孔区无法显示等优势。
MicroLED相较于OLED技术具有相似的主动发光特性，同时由于无机LED本身的稳定性与高效率等特点，在技术上较OLED具有寿命长、亮度高、chip尺寸小、响应时间长等优势，目前已经成为显示业界的重点开发方向之一。但是相较于传统面板技术通过刻蚀等“减法制造”方式，microLED主要依赖于加法制造方式，在技术成熟度上较低，特别是面临巨量显示画素转移时具有先天的制程良率与成本挑战，因而在短期内仍然难以成为真正成熟的显示技术。
因此，有必要提出一种新的显示装置，解决了现有技术中摄像区与显示区的割裂造成视觉不完美的问题，实现真正的全面屏技术。
 技术解决方案
本发明目的在于，提供一种显示装置，通过在透明显示区制作小面积MicroLED发光单元，因而在MicroLED发光单元打开时所述透明显示区可以实现正常显示，同时在任意时刻可以透过所述透明显示区采集图像进入屏下传感器，同时所述透明显示区与主显示区无缝衔接，因而在视觉上没有任何显示中断及不连续边界，可以实现完全的全面屏设计。
本发明提供一种显示装置，包括背光模块；下偏光片，设于所述背光模块上，所述下偏光片设有一第二通孔；液晶显示面板，设于所述下偏光片远离所述背光模块的一侧，包括主显示区以及透明显示区，所述主显示区包围所述透明显示区；上偏光片，设于所述液晶显示面板远离所述下偏光片的一侧，所述上偏光片设有一第一通孔，所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔对应所述透明显示区；其中，所述第一通孔中设有若干MicroLED发光单元。
进一步地，所述透明显示区设有一透明基板，所述透明基板设于所述液晶显示面板远离所述背光模块的一侧；所述MicroLED发光单元设于所述透明基板上。
进一步地，所述MicroLED发光单元包括红色发光单元、绿色发光单元和蓝色发光单元；
进一步地，所述MicroLED发光单元的面积小于所述液晶显示面板子像素的面积。
进一步地，所述MicroLED发光单元长度为1~500um，所述液晶显示面板子像素为10~1000um；所述透明显示区的透光率为50%~100%。
进一步地，所述红色发光单元包括蓝色发光单元以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元激发所述转化膜实现所述红色发光单元的发光；所述绿色发光单元包括蓝色发光单元以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元激发所述转化膜实现所述蓝色发光单元的发光；所述转化膜为量子点膜或荧光粉。
进一步地，所述上偏光片为金属线栅偏光片；所述金属线栅偏光片包括：透光基板；介质层，设于所述透光基板上；若干条金属线栅，设于所述介质层远离所述透光基板的一侧；所述金属线栅的周期为20~500 nm，占空比为0.1~0.9，高度为10~500 nm。
进一步地，所述金属线栅为Al、Ag或Au具有较大折射率的材料；所述介质层材料包括SiO2、SiO、MgO、Si3N4、TiO2、Ta2O5。
进一步地，所述上偏光片为涂布取向型偏光片，包括偏光子与取向性配体。
进一步地，所述背光模块为侧入式背光模块；所述背光模块包括：导光板，具有一通孔，所述通孔对应所述透明显示区；背光源，设于所述导光板的侧边；其中，所述通孔中设有一传感器模块；所述传感器模块包括且不限于指纹识别传感器、摄像传感器、结构光传感器、飞行时间传感器、距离传感器或光线传感器。
 有益效果
本发明提供一种显示装置，通过在液晶显示面板下传感器模块的位置处实现透明显示，形成一透明显示区。在透明显示区制作小面积MicroLED发光单元，从而实现透明显示区的显示功能。所述MicroLED显示采用RGB三色显示，且各个MicroLED发光单元的大小小于子像素大小，在子像素内部无MicroLED发光单元区域光线可以正常通过，因而在MicroLED发光单元打开时该区域可以实现正常显示。同时所述透明显示区与主显示区无缝衔接，因而在视觉上没有任何显示中断及不连续边界（如notch、Hole等），可以实现完全的全面屏设计。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本发明显示装置的MicroLED发光单元的平面图；
图3为本发明显示装置的偏光片的平面图；
图4为本发明显示装置的金属线栅偏光片的结构示意图
图5为本发明显示装置的摄像圆孔屏的结构示意图；
图6为本发明显示装置的水滴屏的结构示意图；
图7为本发明显示装置的凹槽屏的结构示意图；
图8为本发明显示装置的指纹识别圆孔屏的结构示意图；
图9为本发明显示装置的方形屏的结构示意图；
显示装置10；
液晶显示面板100；背光模块200；传感器模块204；。
第一基板101；液晶层102；第二基板103；
下偏光片11；上偏光片12；第一通孔111；
第二通孔121；透明基板21；MicroLED发光单元22；
红色发光单元221；绿色发光单元222；蓝色发光单元223；
主显示区110；透明显示区120；导光板201；
背光源202；通孔203；封装层13；
子像素130；透光基板124；介质层122；
金属线栅123。
 本发明的实施方式
以下是各实施例的说明是参考附加的图式，用以例示本发明可以用实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语，例如上、下、前、后、左、右、内、外、侧等，仅是参考附图式的方向。本发明提到的元件名称，例如第一、第二等，仅是区分不同的元部件，可以更好的表达。在图中，结构相似的单元以相同标号表示。
本文将参照附图来详细描述本发明的实施例。本发明可以表现为许多不同形式，本发明不应仅被解释为本文阐述的具体实施例。本发明提供实施例是为了解释本发明的实际应用，从而使本领域其他技术人员能够理解本发明的各种实施例和适合于特定预期应用的各种修改方案。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种显示装置10，包括背光模块200、下偏光片11、液晶显示面板100以及上偏光片12。
所述背光模块200为侧入式背光模块或直下式背光模块，本发明采用侧入式背光模块。
所述背光模块200包括导光板201和背光源202。
所述导光板201，具有一通孔203；所述背光源202设于所述导光板201的侧边；所述通孔203中设有一传感器模块204。
所述传感器模块204包括且不限于指纹识别传感器、摄像传感器、结构光传感器、飞行时间传感器、距离传感器或光线传感器。
所述下偏光片11设于所述背光模块200上；所述液晶显示面板100设于所述下偏光片11远离所述背光模块200的一侧。
所述液晶显示面板100包括主显示区110以及透明显示区120，所述主显示区110包围所述透明显示区120。所述透明显示区120并没有像素电路，因此可以实现透明特性。所述导光板201的通孔203对应所述透明显示区120。
所述液晶显示面板100包括：第一基板101、液晶层102以及第二基板103。所述第一基板101为TFT阵列基板，所述第二基板103为彩膜基板。
所述液晶层102设于所述第一基板101远离所述背光模块200的一侧；所述第二基板103设于所述液晶层102远离所述第一基板101的一侧。
所述上偏光片12设于所述液晶显示面板100远离所述下偏光片11的一侧；所述上偏光片12设有一第一通孔111，所述下偏光片11设有一第二通孔121；所述第一通孔111与所述第二通孔121对应所述透明显示区120。
所述透明显示区120设有一透明基板21，所述透明基板21设于所述液晶显示面板100远离所述背光模块200的一侧；所述透明基板21为高透过率材料，例如Glass、Colorless PI、PMMA等。
所述透明基板21上设有若干MicroLED发光单元22。所述透明显示区120的MicroLED显示采用on-cell结构，通过在所述彩膜基板（即所述第二基板103）侧设置所述透明基板21，并在所述透明基板21上布置驱动走线以及TFT开关，用以驱动所述MicroLED发光单元22进行发光显示，并且可以实现所述透明显示区120的触控功能。
如图2所示，所述MicroLED发光单元22包括红色发光单元221、绿色发光单元222以及蓝色发光单元223；所述MicroLED发光单元22的面积小于所述液晶显示面板100子像素130的面积。所述红色发光单元221、所述绿色发光单元222以及所述蓝色发光单元223依次序阵列分布于所述透明基板21上。
附图2中所标记的子像素130标记是虚拟标记，一般在制作显示面板100的时候都会平均等份的设置子像素区域，但是本发明在透明显示区120的显示面板并没有传统的像素结构，而预留的子像素虚拟标记是为了更好的制备MicroLED发光单元22。在所述透明显示区120标记的虚拟子像素与所述主显示区110的子像素的面积大小相同。
所述MicroLED发光单元22长度为1~500um；所述液晶显示面板100子像素为10~1000um。所述MicroLED发光单元22长度要小于所述液晶显示面板的100子像素长度，进而可以保证所述MicroLED发光单元22的面积小于所述液晶显示面板的100子像素面积，一般所述MicroLED发光单元22的面积为所述液晶显示面板的100子像素面积的一般，进而可以保证所述透明显示区的高透光率。
在选择所述MicroLED发光单元22长度实施例时，为确保所述MicroLED发光单元22的长度小于所述液晶显示面板100子像素的长度，所述MicroLED发光单元22的面积小于所述液晶显示面板100子像素的面积。最终可以达到所述透明显示区120的透明率为50%~100%，所述透明率越高越好，进而可以将外界光线更多的透过所述透明显示区120，所述传感器模块204可以接受更多的外界信号。
所述红色发光单元221包括蓝色发光单元223以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元223上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元223激发所述转化膜实现所述红色发光单元221的发光；所述绿色发光单元222包括蓝色发光单元223以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元223上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元223激发所述转化膜实现所述蓝色发光单元223的发光；所述转化膜为量子点膜或荧光粉。
所述封装层13设于所述MicroLED发光单元22以及上偏光片12上，用于隔绝水氧，用以保护所述MicroLED发光单元22以及所述液晶显示面板100。
在所述透明显示区120，所述液晶显示面板100采用无源方式驱动或有源方式驱动；所述有源方式驱动包括非晶硅、铟镓锌氧化物以及低温多晶硅。
如图3所示，所述上偏光片12可以采用in-cell结构或者on-cell结构，实现所述触控式显示面板的触控功能；在所述透明显示区120并没有所述上偏光片12结构。
所述上偏光片12可以为金属线栅偏光片或涂布取向型偏光片。这样可以使得所述透明显示区120与主显示区110的子像素正常显示，从而实现所述透明显示区120与主显示区110无缝衔接，避免传统贴附性偏光片的偏贴精度较差的问题。
如图4所示，若所述上偏光片12为金属线栅偏光片；则所述金属线栅偏光片包括透光基板124、介质层122以及若干条金属线栅123。
所述介质层122设于所述透光基板124上；所述金属线栅123设于所述介质层122远离所述透光基板124的一侧。
所述金属线栅123的周期为20~500 nm，最优为200nm，也可以为50nm、100nm、300nm以及400nm；所述金属线栅123的占空比为0.1~0.9最优为0.5，也可以为0.2、0.3、0.6或0.8；所述金属线栅123的高度为10~500 nm，最优为200nm，也可以为50nm、100nm、300nm或400nm。
所述金属线栅123为Al、Ag或Au具有较大折射率的材料；所述介质层122材料包括SiO2、SiO、MgO、Si3N4、TiO2、Ta2O5。
若所述上偏光片12为涂布取向型偏光片，则所述涂布取向型偏光片包括偏光子与取向性配体；所述上偏光片12通过涂布的方式精确涂布于所述主显示区110，然后通过拓印或者光配向的方式使得所述偏光子具有一致的取向，从而使得所述上偏光片12获得较好的偏振效果。
本发明提及的所述透明显示区120的形状并未作出限定；一般为圆孔形状（参见图5或图8，图5适合摄像传感器，图8适合指纹识别传感器），也可以为“水滴”（参见图6）、“凹槽屏”（参见图7）、方形屏（参见图9）以及“美人尖”。所述透明显示区120具有较小的面积，如小于10*10mm，且所述透明显示区120所需求的像素数目较少，从而可以保证所述透明显示区120的MicroLED的转印良率与成本控制。
本发明提供一种显示装置10，通过在液晶显示面板100下传感器模块204的位置处实现透明显示，形成一透明显示区120。并且在该处堆叠方向上采用on-cell技术在彩膜基板上制作小面积MicroLED发光单元22。
所述MicroLED显示采用RGB三色显示，且各个MicroLED发光单元22的大小小于子像素130大小，在子像素130内部无MicroLED发光单元22区域光线可以正常通过。（如图2标记的虚线区域内的发光单元区域，非发光单元区域可以正常透过光线。）
因而在MicroLED发光单元22打开时所述透光显示区可以实现正常显示，同时在任意时刻可以透过所述透明显示区120区域采集图像进入屏下传感器，可以实现屏下指纹识别、屏下摄像头、屏下面部识别、屏下距离感知等各种屏下传感方案。
同时所述透明显示区120与主显示区110无缝衔接，因而在视觉上没有任何显示中断及不连续边界（如notch、Hole等），可以实现完全的全面屏设计。同时由于MicroLED具有高亮、长寿命特征，可以采用部分像素兼做补光灯、指示灯等功能。
所述主显示区110通过纳米压印技术制备金属线栅偏光片或者通过涂布取向型偏光片，从而实现所述主显示区110与透光显示区无缝衔接，避免传统贴附性偏光片的偏贴精度较差的问题。
本发明的技术范围不仅仅局限于所述说明中的内容，本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明技术思想的前提下，对所述实施例进行多种变形和修改，而这些变形和修改均应当属于本发明的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1.     一种显示装置，其中，包括：
    背光模块；
    下偏光片，设于所述背光模块上，所述下偏光片设有一第二通孔；
    液晶显示面板，设于所述下偏光片远离所述背光模块的一侧，包括主显示区以及透明显示区，所述主显示区包围所述透明显示区；
    上偏光片，设于所述液晶显示面板远离所述下偏光片的一侧，所述上偏光片设有一第一通孔，所述第一通孔与所述第二通孔对应所述透明显示区；
    其中，所述第一通孔中设有若干MicroLED发光单元。
  2.     根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述透明显示区设有一透明基板，所述透明基板设于所述液晶显示面板远离所述背光模块的一侧；
    所述MicroLED发光单元设于所述透明基板上。
  3.     根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述MicroLED发光单元包括红色发光单元、绿色发光单元和蓝色发光单元。
  4.     根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述MicroLED发光单元的面积小于所述液晶显示面板子像素的面积。
  5.     根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述MicroLED发光单元长度为1~500um，所述液晶显示面板的子像素为10~1000um；
    在所述透明显示区，所述液晶显示面板的透光率为50%~100%。
  6.     根据权利要求3所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述红色发光单元包括蓝色发光单元以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元激发所述转化膜实现所述红色发光单元的发光；
    所述绿色发光单元包括蓝色发光单元以及涂覆所述蓝色发光单元上的转化膜，通过所述蓝色发光单元激发所述转化膜实现所述蓝色发光单元的发光；
    所述转化膜为量子点膜或荧光粉。
  7.     根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述上偏光片为金属线栅偏光片；
    所述金属线栅偏光片包括：
    透光基板；
    介质层，设于所述透光基板上；
    若干条金属线栅，设于所述介质层远离所述透光基板的一侧；所述金属线栅的周期为20~500 nm，占空比为0.1~0.9，高度为10~500 nm。
  8.     根据权利要求7所述的显示装置，其特征在于，
    所述金属线栅包括Al、Ag或Au具有较大折射率的材料；
    所述介质层材料包括SiO2、SiO、MgO、Si3N4、TiO2、Ta2O5。
  9.     根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述上偏光片为涂布取向型偏光片，包括偏光子与取向性配体。
  10.   根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，
    所述背光模块为侧入式背光模块；所述背光模块包括：
    导光板，具有一通孔，所述通孔对应所述透明显示区；
    背光源，设于所述导光板的侧边；
    其中，所述通孔中设有一传感器模块；
    所述传感器模块包括且不限于指纹识别传感器、摄像传感器、结构光传感器、飞行时间传感器、距离传感器或光线传感器。
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