WO2021031063A1 - 一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备与应用 - Google Patents

一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备与应用 Download PDF

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WO2021031063A1
WO2021031063A1 PCT/CN2019/101315 CN2019101315W WO2021031063A1 WO 2021031063 A1 WO2021031063 A1 WO 2021031063A1 CN 2019101315 W CN2019101315 W CN 2019101315W WO 2021031063 A1 WO2021031063 A1 WO 2021031063A1
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composite layer
heat accumulation
photonic crystal
substrate
indicator according
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PCT/CN2019/101315
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶常青
郑世容
陈硕然
张卫
韩鹏举
宋延林
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苏州科技大学
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/101315 priority Critical patent/WO2021031063A1/zh
Priority to CN201980002137.1A priority patent/CN110770557B/zh
Publication of WO2021031063A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031063A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01KMEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/12Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a visual heat accumulation indicator, in particular to a visual heat accumulation indicator based on a photonic crystal structure and its preparation and application.
  • Photonic Crystal was independently proposed by S. John and E. Yablonovitch in 1987. It is an artificial microstructure formed by periodic arrangement of media with different dielectric constants. From the perspective of material structure, photonic crystals are artificially designed and manufactured crystals with periodic dielectric structures on the optical scale. The special periodic structure of photonic crystals makes it have a forbidden effect on photons of specific wavelengths or bands, forming a photonic band gap, which is similar to the electronic energy band in semiconductors. The photonic band gap in photonic crystals is called photonic band gap (Photonic band gap). Band-Gap, referred to as PBG). Like semiconductor materials, the periodic arrangement of dielectric constants produces a certain "potential field".
  • the structural color of the photonic crystal is directly related to the periodic structure of the material on the optical scale. If the structure is destroyed, the structural color will be weakened and faded. If you choose a material medium with a refractive index similar to that of the photonic crystal material, and fill it into the gap of the periodic structure of the photonic crystal material, it will reduce the dielectric constant difference of the photonic crystal medium interface, and reduce the interference and diffraction of light at the medium interface Weaken structural color.
  • the selected filling medium can react with the photonic crystal material or dissolve it, so that the two materials are fused together, the photonic crystal structure will be further destroyed, and the structural color will be further weakened until the two These materials are completely integrated, the photonic crystal structure is completely destroyed, and the structural color will completely disappear.
  • the degree of color reduction of the photonic crystal structure is related to the degree of damage to the photonic crystal structure.
  • the applicant’s research found that by linking the degree of the reaction to the photonic crystal structure with the temperature and time of the reaction, the degree of color reduction of the photonic crystal structure can reflect the heat experienced after the reaction begins. Cumulative process.
  • the visual heat accumulation indicator based on the photonic crystal structure prepared by this principle can indicate the accumulated heat exposure time experienced by the object to which it is attached, which is of great significance to the monitoring of the heat accumulation history of objects that require cryopreservation and transportation.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a visual heat accumulation indicator based on the photonic crystal structure and its preparation method and application.
  • the present invention provides a visual heat accumulation indicator based on a photonic crystal structure, which includes: a composite layer A and a composite layer B,
  • the composite layer A includes a substrate A, and at least one surface of the substrate A is provided with a photonic crystal layer;
  • the aforementioned composite layer B includes a substrate B, and at least one surface of the substrate B is provided with a viscoelastic polymer.
  • the indicator When the side of the composite layer A where the photonic crystal layer is attached is attached to the side where the viscoelastic polymer is attached to the composite layer B, the indicator enters the working state.
  • the working principle of the indicator is as follows: after bonding the side of the composite layer A with the photonic crystal layer attached to the side of the composite layer B with the viscoelastic polymer attached, the viscoelastic polymer will enter the gap of the photonic crystal material.
  • the photonic crystal layer has a photonic band gap structure.
  • the photonic crystal material comprises monodisperse nanospheres arranged periodically and closely in a close-packed form; more preferably, the close-packed form of the monodisperse nano-microspheres is a hexagonal close-packed.
  • the raw materials of monodisperse nanospheres are selected from but not limited to: polystyrene, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyacrylic acid, silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, ferroferric oxide, polyimide One or a mixture of two or more of amine, silicone resin and phenolic resin.
  • the raw material of the monodisperse nanospheres is polystyrene.
  • the refractive index of monodisperse nanospheres is 1.0-2.5 (specifically, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5).
  • the polydispersity index (PDI) of monodisperse nanospheres is less than 5% (specifically, less than 5%, 2%, 1%, 0.5%).
  • the polydispersity index (PDI) of the monodisperse nanospheres is less than 0.5%.
  • the particle size of monodisperse nanospheres is 80-1100 nm (specifically, 80, 100, 120, 200, 300, 400, 800, 1000, 1100 nm).
  • the monodisperse nano-microspheres have a particle size of 120-400 nm.
  • the monodisperse nanospheres have a particle size of 215 nm.
  • the band gap of the photonic crystal material is infrared light, visible light or ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 200-2000nm.
  • the band gap wavelength of the photonic crystal material is visible light of 450-640 nm.
  • the thickness of the photonic crystal layer is 1-50 ⁇ m (specifically, 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40, 50 ⁇ m).
  • the thickness of the photonic crystal layer is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the viscoelastic polymer is selected from but not limited to: one of polyisoprene, atactic polypropylene, polybutadiene, polyisobutylene, silane, vinyl acetate, acrylate methacrylate and styrene Or a mixture or copolymer of two or more.
  • the viscoelastic polymer is a terpolymer of butyl acrylate-styrene-methyl methacrylate.
  • the content of butyl acrylate, styrene, and methyl methacrylate structural units is 15-25% (specifically, 15%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%, 24%, 25%), 30-40% (specifically, 30%, 32%, 34%, 35%, 36%, 38%, 40%), 40- 50% (specifically, 40%, 42%, 44%, 45%, 46%, 48%, 50%).
  • the content of butyl acrylate, styrene, and methyl methacrylate structural units is about 20%, 35%, 45%.
  • the refractive index of the viscoelastic polymer is 1.2-1.8 (specifically, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8).
  • the thickness of the viscoelastic polymer is 1-50 ⁇ m (specifically, 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 20, 40, 50 ⁇ m).
  • the molecular weight of the viscoelastic polymer is 500000-5000000 (specifically, 500000, 1000000, 1.500000, 2000000, 2.500000, 3000000, 3.500000, 4000000, 4.500000, 5000000).
  • the thickness of the viscoelastic polymer is 10 ⁇ m.
  • the raw materials of the substrates A and B are independently selected from, but not limited to: one of plastic, paper, leather, metal, wood, and ceramics.
  • the aforementioned substrate A is transparent.
  • the aforementioned substrate B is transparent.
  • the aforementioned substrate A is plastic, such as PET plastic.
  • the aforementioned substrate B is plastic, such as PET plastic.
  • a barrier layer C is provided between the composite layer A and the composite layer B.
  • the barrier layer C is used to prevent the composite layer A and the composite layer B from reacting immediately, so as to achieve the purpose of long-term storage of the composite layer A and the composite layer B under conventional conditions. When needed, simply remove the barrier layer C to activate the reaction between the composite layer A and the composite layer B, which is used to record the heat accumulation history.
  • the above-mentioned barrier layer C is a release film, such as a PET release film, which is inert to the composite layer A and the composite layer B, has low or no chemical substance permeability, and contains no or only polar A small amount can penetrate into the composite layer.
  • a barrier layer C is arranged between the composite layer A and the composite layer B, the composite layer A and the composite layer B will not undergo significant optical changes.
  • the above indicator may further include an adhesive layer for attaching the indicator to the applied object, and the adhesive layer may be coated on a surface of the indicator with a conventional adhesive in the art.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned visual heat accumulation indicator based on the photonic crystal structure, which includes the following steps:
  • the above preparation method further includes: disposing a barrier layer C between the composite layer A and the composite layer B.
  • the last aspect of the present invention provides a method for monitoring the heat accumulation history of an object (such as cryopreservation and/or transportation), which includes attaching the visual heat accumulation indicator of the present invention to (for example, Pasting) on the object or on the packaging of the object.
  • an object such as cryopreservation and/or transportation
  • attaching the visual heat accumulation indicator of the present invention to for example, Pasting
  • the visual heat accumulation indicator of the present invention is pasted on the vaccine outer package, and the barrier layer C is removed to enter the working state.
  • the fluidity of the composite layer B can be adjusted according to the temperature requirements of different transport objects to meet the requirements.
  • time-temperature stickers which are mainly divided into three categories: diffusion type TTI, mainly referring to TempDot TM in the UK; polymerization reaction type, mainly referring to VVM TM in the United States ; Enzymatic reaction type, mainly refers to Germany OnVu TM .
  • the present invention has the following characteristics:
  • the indication effect provided by the present invention is that the color of the photonic crystal structure is weakened until it disappears.
  • the effect is obvious and easy to be recognized by the naked eye. It has a simple visual indication, can directly face consumers, and has a simple, reliable, and strong visual indication result.
  • the present invention has low cost and is easy to industrialize.
  • the product of the present invention has a simple structure and is easy to store and transport.
  • the monodisperse nanospheres with a diameter of 215nm are prepared by emulsion polymerization, and the solid content is 10%.
  • the specific preparation method is:
  • the styrene can be replaced by methyl methacrylate or acrylic acid.
  • the butyl acrylate-styrene-methyl methacrylate ternary copolymer viscoelastic polymer is prepared by the method of solution polymerization.
  • the specific preparation method is:
  • emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulfonate SDS/OP-10 compound
  • water part of styrene, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and initiator to dissolve in a 500mL four-neck flask, 300r/ Min stirring, bubbling in nitrogen for 30 minutes, heating to 60°C, until the reaction system appears blue, 10 minutes later, add the remaining monomer dropwise (completed within 1h), and add the remaining initiator in batches, and warm up to After reacting at 75°C for about 3 hours, until there is no obvious reflux, the temperature is raised to 90°C, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and then cooled to 40°C to obtain viscoelastic polymer.
  • the content ratio of butyl acrylate, styrene, and methyl methacrylate structural units is about 20:35:45.
  • the visual heat accumulation indicator of this embodiment can be used for various foods that need to be refrigerated or have certain temperature requirements, such as yogurt, cakes, fresh milk, etc., and can easily monitor the temperature and time accumulation experienced by the food. , To determine whether the food is fresh.
  • the monodisperse nanospheres with a diameter of 215nm are prepared by emulsion polymerization, and the solid content is 10%.
  • the specific preparation method is:
  • the styrene can be replaced by methyl methacrylate or acrylic acid.

Abstract

一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备与应用。热累积指示器包括:复合层A和复合层B,其中,复合层A包括基底A,基底A的至少一面设有光子晶体层;复合层B包括基底B,基底B的至少一面设有粘弹性聚合物。当复合层A附着有光子晶体材料的一面与复合层B附着有粘弹性聚合物的一面贴合时,指示器即进入工作状态。利用光子晶体结构色彩的削弱程度来反映出反应开始后所经历的热累积过程,对需要低温保存、运输物体的热累积历程的监控具有重大意义。

Description

一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备与应用 技术领域
本发明涉及可视化热累积指示器,特别涉及一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备与应用。
背景技术
光子晶体(Photonic Crystal)是在1987年由S.John和E.Yablonovitch分别独立提出,是由不同介电常数的介质周期性排列而成的人工微结构。从材料结构上看,光子晶体是一类在光学尺度上具有周期性介电结构的人工设计和制造的晶体。光子晶体的特殊周期性结构,使得其对特定波长或波段的光子具有禁阻作用,形成光子带隙,类似半导体中的电子能带,将光子晶体中的光子带隙称为光子禁带(Photonic Band-Gap,简称为PBG)。和半导体材料一样,介电常数的周期性排列产生了一定的“势场”,当两种介质的介电常数相差足够大时,光在介质界面上会产生干涉和衍射,产生光子带隙,能量落在带隙处的光将不能传播,将以镜面形式反射出去,从而形成结构色。这种反射反射率高,光谱单一,形成的结构色彩明亮纯净,无法用常规的化学色素通过调色复现。
光子晶体的结构色彩与材料在光学尺度上的周期性结构直接相关,如果结构遭到破坏,结构色彩随之减弱直至消退。如果选择一种材料介质,其折射率与光子晶体材料相近,将其填充入光子晶体材料周期结构的空隙处,就会降低光子晶体介质界面的介电常数差,降低光在介质界面干涉和衍射削弱结构色彩。进一步地,如果所选的填充介质可以与光子晶体材料发生反应或将其溶解,使得两种材料融合在一起,那么光子晶体结构将会被进一步破坏,结构色彩也会得到进一步的削弱,直至两种材料彻底融为一体,光子晶体结构被彻底破坏,结构色彩也将彻底消失。
现在已知,光子晶体结构色彩的削弱程度和和光子晶体结构被破坏的程度相关。申请人研究发现,将这种对光子晶体结构产生破坏的反应的程度与反应的温度和反应的时间联系起来,就可以通过光子晶体结构色彩的削弱程度来反映出该反应开始后所经历的热累积过程。利用该原理制备出的基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器,可以指示其所依附的物体经历的累积热暴露时间,这对需要低温保存、运输物体的热累积历程的监控具有重大意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器及其制备方法和应用。
为实现本发明的目的之一,本发明提供一种基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器,其包括:复合层A和复合层B,
上述复合层A包括基底A,基底A的至少一面设有光子晶体层;
上述复合层B包括基底B,基底B的至少一面设有粘弹性聚合物。
当所述复合层A附着有光子晶体层的一面与复合层B附着有粘弹性聚合物的一面贴合时,该指示器即进入工作状态。
该指示器的工作原理如下:将复合层A附着有光子晶体层的一面与复合层B附着有粘弹性聚合物的一面贴合后,粘弹性聚合物将会进入到光子晶体材料的缝隙中,降低光子晶体材料与粘弹性聚合物的折射率差,削弱结构色彩;进一步地,随着时间的推移,光子晶体材料在粘弹性聚合物的作用下溶解融合,进一步降低光子晶体材料与粘弹性聚合物的折射率差,进一步削弱结构色彩,直至光子晶体材料的结构完全被破坏,光子晶体材料与粘弹性聚合物混合成为单一均相材料,结构色彩完全消失。上述两种材料互相渗透、融合的程度与反应温度及反应时间相关。温度越高,时间越久,光子晶体材料的结构破坏程度越大,由其结构所产生的结构色彩消退越严重,直至光子晶体材料完全被破坏,结构色彩也将完全消退。基于此原理,依据肉眼可见的结构色消退过程就可以指示该指示器所经历的热累积历程。
上述光子晶体层具有光子禁带结构。
优选地,光子晶体材料包括密堆积形式周期性紧密排布的单分散纳米微球;更优选地,该单分散纳米微球的密堆积形式为六方密堆积。
单分散纳米微球的原料选自但不限于:聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、二氧化硅、氧化铝、二氧化钛、氧化锆、四氧化三铁、聚酰亚胺、硅树脂和酚醛树脂中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
在本发明的一个实施例中,单分散纳米微球的原料为聚苯乙烯。
单分散纳米微球的折射率为1.0-2.5(具体如1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5)。
单分散纳米微球的多分散系数(PDI)小于5%(具体如小于5%、2%、1%、0.5%)。
优选地,单分散纳米微球的多分散系数(PDI)小于0.5%。
单分散纳米微球的粒径为80-1100nm(具体如80、100、120、200、300、400、800、1000、1100nm)。
优选地,单分散纳米微球粒径为120-400nm。
在本发明的一个实施例中,单分散纳米微球粒径为215nm。
光子晶体材料的禁带波长为200-2000nm的红外光、可见光或紫外光。
优选地,光子晶体材料的禁带波长为450-640nm的可见光。
光子晶体层的厚度为1-50μm(具体如1、2、5、8、10、20、40、50μm)。
在本发明的一个实施例中,光子晶体层的厚度为10μm。
粘弹性聚合物选自但不限于:聚异戊二烯、无规立构聚丙烯、聚丁二烯、聚异丁烯、硅烷、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯中的一种或两种以上的混合物或共聚物。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,粘弹性聚合物为丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物。
具体地,上述丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物中,丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯结构单元的含量分别为15-25%(具体如15%、16%、18%、20%、22%、24%、25%)、30-40%(具体如30%、32%、34%、35%、36%、38%、40%)、40-50%(具体如40%、42%、44%、45%、46%、48%、50%)。
在本发明的一个实施例中,上述丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚物中,丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯结构单元的含量分别约为20%、35%、45%。
粘弹性聚合物的折射率为1.2-1.8(具体如1.2、1.4、1.6、1.8)。
粘弹性聚合物的厚度为1-50μm(具体如1、2、5、8、10、20、40、50μm)。
粘弹性聚合物的分子量为500000-5000000(具体如500000、1000000、1500000、2000000、2500000、3000000、3500000、4000000、4500000、5000000)。
在本发明的一个实施例中,粘弹性聚合物的厚度为10μm。
基底A和B的原料独立地选自但不限于:塑料、纸张、皮革、金属、木材和陶瓷中的一种。
进一步地,上述基底A是透明的。
进一步地,上述基底B是透明的。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,上述基底A为塑料,如PET塑料。
在本发明的一个实施方式中,上述基底B为塑料,如PET塑料。
进一步地,上述复合层A与复合层B之间设有阻隔层C。
工作原理:阻隔层C用以避免复合层A与复合层B立刻发生反应,用以实现复合层A、复合层B在常规条件下长期保存的目的。待需要时只需移除阻隔层C即可激活复合层A与复合层B之间的反应,用于记录热累积历程。
上述阻隔层C为离型膜,如PET离型膜,其对复合层A和复合层B显示出惰性,具有低的化学物质渗透性或不具有化学物质渗透性,并且不包含或只包含极少量可渗入复合层中,当在复合层A和复合层B之间设置一阻隔层C时,复合层A和复合层B不会发生显著的光学改变。
进一步地,上述指示器还可包括粘贴层,用于将指示器粘贴于所应用物体上,该粘贴层可采用本领域常规粘合剂涂覆于指示器的一个表面。
为实现本发明的目的之二,本发明提供一种上述基于光子晶体结构的可视化热累积指示器的制备 方法,其包括如下步骤:
1)将光子晶体材料涂覆于基底A上,进行干燥处理,制得复合层A;
2)将粘弹性聚合物涂覆于基底B上,进行干燥处理,制得复合层B。
进一步地,上述制备方法中还包括:在所述复合层A和复合层B之间设置阻隔层C。
为实现本发明的目的之三,本发明最后一方面提供监控物体(如需低温保存和/或运输物体)的热累积历程的方法,其包括将本发明的可视化热累积指示器附在(例如粘贴)所述物体上或所述物体的包装上的步骤。如疫苗冷链运输过程中,将本发明的可视化热积累指示器粘贴在所述的疫苗外包装上,去掉阻隔层C即进入工作状态。可依据不同运输物体对温度的要求,调整复合层B的流动性即可达到要求。
本发明的有益效果:
现有可以实现可视化指示热累积历程的技术的产品可以统称为时间温度贴(TTI),主要分为三类:扩散型TTI,主要指英国的TempDot TM;聚合反应型,主要指美国的VVM TM;酶促反应型,主要指德国OnVu TM
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下特点:
1)本发明提供的指示效果为光子晶体结构色彩的削弱直至消失,效果明显,易于肉眼识别,其具有简单的可视化指示,能够直面消费者,具有简单、可靠、可视化强的指示结果。
2)本发明不同热累积阶段的指示效果均基于光子晶体结构的结构色彩,这种色彩光谱单一,形成的结构色彩明亮纯净,无法用常规的化学色素通过调色复现,杜绝了仿冒篡改真实的热累积历程的可能,结果具有不可篡改性。
3)本发明的成本低廉,易于工业化。
4)本发明的产品结构简单,易于储运。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例来进一步描述本发明,本发明的优点和特点将会随着描述而更为清楚。但这些实施例仅是范例性的,并不对本发明的范围构成任何限制。本领域技术人员应该理解的是,在不偏离本发明的精神和范围下可以对本发明技术方案的细节和形式进行修改或替换,但这些修改和替换均落入本发明的保护范围内。
实施例1
①制备单分散纳米微球:
通过乳液聚合的方法,制备直径为215nm的单分散纳米微球,固含量为10%,具体的制备方法为:
a)称取0.58g十二烷基硫酸钠溶于90mL去离子水,于250mL三口烧瓶中300r/min搅拌,通入氮气鼓泡30min;
b)水浴加热至85℃稳定后,加入5g苯乙烯;
c)15min后,加入0.1g过硫酸钾,在搅拌、氮气保护下85℃反应5小时,所得单分散纳米微球粒径为215nm,多分散系数DPI=0.02。
其中的苯乙烯可以由甲基丙烯酸甲酯或丙烯酸代替。
②制备复合层A:
a)将制得的单分散纳米微球涂覆于黑色PET上,在75℃下烘干,单分散纳米微球在黑色PET上自组装形成以密堆积形式周期性排列的光子晶体材料;光子晶体材料涂层的厚度10微米,呈现亮绿色结构色;
b)即制得由复合层A;
③制备粘弹性聚合物:
通过溶液聚合的方法,制备丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚粘弹聚合物,具体的制备方法为:
先加入乳化剂(十二烷基磺酸钠SDS/OP-10复配)、水、部分的苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯及引发剂溶于500mL四口烧瓶中,300r/min搅拌,通入氮气鼓泡30min,升温至60℃,至反应体系出现蓝色,10min后,滴加剩余的单体(1h内滴加完),并分批加入剩余的引发剂,升温至75℃,反应3h左右,至无明显回流后,升温至90℃,保温反应1h,然后冷却至40℃,即得粘弹性聚合物。该聚合物中,丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯结构单元的含量比例约20:35:45。
④制备复合层B:
a)将制得的粘弹性聚合物涂覆于透明PET上,粘弹性聚合物涂层的厚度10微米;
b)即制得由复合层B;
⑤启动工作状态:
将复合层A附着有光子晶体材料的一面与复合层B附着有粘弹性聚合物的一面贴合,二者即开始发生反应,结构色彩逐渐消退。
在本实施例中,
复合层A、B结合物所处温度环境为0℃时,结构色完全消退时间为473小时。
复合层A、B结合物所处温度环境为10℃时,结构色完全消退时间为274小时。
复合层A、B结合物所处温度环境为20℃时,结构色完全消退时间为46小时。
复合层A、B结合物所处温度环境为30℃时,结构色完全消退时间为11小时。
本实施例的可视化热累积指示器可以用于生活生的各种需要冷藏或者对温度有一定要求的食物,比如,酸奶、蛋糕、鲜奶等,可非常方便地监控食物所经历的温度时间累积,由此来判定食物是否新鲜。
实施例2
①制备单分散纳米微球:
通过乳液聚合的方法,制备直径为215nm的单分散纳米微球,固含量为10%,具体的制备方法为:
a)称取0.58g十二烷基硫酸钠溶于90mL去离子水,于250mL三口烧瓶中300r/min搅拌,通入氮气鼓泡30min;
b)水浴加热至85℃稳定后,加入5g苯乙烯;
c)15min后,加入0.1g过硫酸钾,在搅拌、氮气保护下85℃反应5小时,所得单分散纳米微球粒径为215nm,多分散系数DPI=0.02。
其中的苯乙烯可以由甲基丙烯酸甲酯或丙烯酸代替。
②制备复合层A:
a)将制得的单分散纳米微球涂覆于PET上,在75℃下烘干,单分散纳米微球在PET上自组装形成以密堆积形式周期性排列的光子晶体材料;光子晶体材料涂层的厚度10微米,呈现亮绿色结构色;
b)即制得由复合层A;
③制备粘弹性聚合物:
通过溶液聚合的方法,通过调整苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯三种单体质量配比,来制备3种不同的粘弹性材料丙烯酸丁酯-苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯三元共聚粘弹聚合物,其分别在10、20和30℃时变成流动相。其制备方法参考实施例1相应步骤。
④制备复合层B:
a)将制得的3种粘弹性聚合物均匀涂覆于透明PET膜不同区域位置上,粘弹性聚合物涂层的厚度10微米;
b)即制得由复合层B;
⑤启动工作状态:
将复合层A附着有光子晶体材料的一面与复合层B附着有粘弹性聚合物的一面贴合,二者即开始发生反应,结构色彩逐渐消退。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本文描述的前述实施例和方法可以基于本领域技术人员的能力、经验和偏好而有所不同。仅按一定顺序列出方法的步骤并不构成对方法步骤顺序的任何限制。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种热累积指示器,其包括:复合层A和复合层B,其中,
    所述复合层A包括基底A,所述基底A的至少一面设有光子晶体层;
    所述复合层B包括基底B,所述基底B的至少一面设有粘弹性聚合物。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述光子晶体材料由密堆积形式周期性紧密排布的单分散纳米微球构筑,优选六方密堆积;
    所述单分散纳米微球的原料选自:聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸、二氧化硅、氧化铝、二氧化钛、氧化锆、四氧化三铁、聚酰亚胺、硅树脂和酚醛树脂中的一种或两种以上的混合物。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的可视化热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述单分散纳米微球的折射率为1.0-2.5;和/或,所述粘弹性聚合物的折射率为1.2-1.8。
  4. 如权利要求2所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述单分散纳米微球的多分散系数小于5%;和/或,所述单分散纳米微球粒径为80-1100nm。
  5. 如权利要求2所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述单分散纳米微球的多分散系数小于0.5%;和/或,所述单分散纳米微球粒径为120-400nm。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述光子晶体层的厚度为1-50μm;和/或,所述粘弹性聚合物的厚度为1-50μm。
  7. 如权利要求1-6任一项所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述粘弹性聚合物选自:聚异戊二烯、无规立构聚丙烯、聚丁二烯、聚异丁烯、硅烷、醋酸乙烯酯、丙烯酸酯甲基丙烯酸酯和苯乙烯中的一种或两种以上的混合物或共聚物。
  8. 如权利要求1-7任一项所述的可视化热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述基底A和B的原料独立地选自:塑料、纸张、皮革、金属、木材和陶瓷中的一种;
    优选地,所述基底A和/或基底B是透明的;
    更优选地,所述基底A和/或基底B为PET塑料。
  9. 如权利要求1-8任一项所述的热累积指示器,其特征在于,所述复合层A和复合层B之间设有阻隔层C;
    优选地,所述阻隔层C为PET离型膜。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的热累积指示器的制备方法,其包括如下步骤:
    将光子晶体材料涂覆于基底A上,进行干燥处理,制得复合层A;以及,
    将粘弹性聚合物涂覆于基底B上,进行干燥处理,制得复合层B;
    优选地,还包括在所述复合层A和复合层B之间设置阻隔层C的步骤。
  11. 一种监控物体的热累积历程的方法,其包括将如权利要求1-9任一项所述的热累积指示器附在所述物体上或所述物体的包装上的步骤。
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