WO2021027079A1 - 风机和电器设备 - Google Patents

风机和电器设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021027079A1
WO2021027079A1 PCT/CN2019/114134 CN2019114134W WO2021027079A1 WO 2021027079 A1 WO2021027079 A1 WO 2021027079A1 CN 2019114134 W CN2019114134 W CN 2019114134W WO 2021027079 A1 WO2021027079 A1 WO 2021027079A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ring arm
impeller
cover plate
wall surface
fan according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/114134
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
闫甜甜
胡义明
Original Assignee
美的威灵电机技术(上海)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201921288514.6U external-priority patent/CN210290212U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910736310.2A external-priority patent/CN112343841A/zh
Application filed by 美的威灵电机技术(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 美的威灵电机技术(上海)有限公司
Priority to EP19941570.4A priority Critical patent/EP3943754B1/en
Publication of WO2021027079A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027079A1/zh
Priority to US17/519,804 priority patent/US11955876B2/en

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/06Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F04D17/165Axial entry and discharge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/05Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof, specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/056Bearings
    • F04D29/059Roller bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226Fan casings
    • F04D29/4253Fan casings with axial entry and discharge
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/444Bladed diffusers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542Bladed diffusers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H02K11/33Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08Structural association with bearings

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of household appliances, specifically, to a fan and electrical equipment.
  • high-speed fans generally use a motor to drive the impeller to rotate at a high speed to form a negative pressure environment in the sealed housing, so that dust and the like are sucked into the dust collection device, so as to achieve a good air supply effect.
  • the high-speed, high-efficiency, and high-power development trend of fans is obvious, but high-power and high-speed will aggravate fluid and mechanical losses, resulting in excessive temperature rise, which will bring great impact to efficient air duct design, bearing design and overall heat dissipation design. Big challenge.
  • the small high-speed fan in the prior art has an efficiency of 52.5% under 400W-120000rpm working conditions, and no more than 50% under 500W-125000rpm working conditions, and complicated flow path design is required to solve heating devices.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • the first aspect of the application provides a fan.
  • the second aspect of the application also provides an electrical device.
  • the first aspect of the present application proposes a fan, including: a drive structure; an impeller, the impeller includes a cover plate, the cover plate is installed on the drive structure, the cover plate is recessed in the axial direction of the impeller, along the direction of the wind, The diameter of the cover plate gradually increases; the wind hood is arranged on the impeller, and the wind hood is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet communicating with the air inlet; a diffuser, which is located at the end of the impeller facing the air outlet, expands
  • the compressor includes a first convex portion connected with the driving structure, the first convex portion bulges toward the windshield, and the diameter of the end of the first convex portion close to the cover plate is smaller than the diameter of the end away from the cover plate, the diffuser also It includes an inner ring arm connected with the first convex portion and an outer ring arm sleeved on the outside of the inner ring arm.
  • the outer ring arm is smoothly connected to the wind shield, and the first convex portion, the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm are coaxially arranged ;
  • the wind hood, cover plate, diffuser define the air duct, the air duct includes a variable cross section and a constant cross section, the variable cross section is located near the air inlet, and the constant cross section is located near the air outlet.
  • the fan provided by the present application includes a driving structure, a wind hood, an impeller and a diffuser.
  • the driving structure drives the impeller to rotate so that the airflow flows from the air inlet to the air outlet.
  • the diffuser includes a first convex part and an inner ring which are coaxially arranged The arm and the outer ring arm, the first convex part is arranged close to the impeller, the inner ring arm is connected with the first convex part and is located below the first convex part, the outer ring arm and the inner ring arm are sleeved together, and the first convex part faces the wind
  • the direction of the hood is convex, and the diameter of the first protrusion gradually increases.
  • the wind hood, cover plate and diffuser define the air duct.
  • the air flow flows from the air inlet through the air duct to the air outlet, and the space formed between the impeller and the wind hood changes
  • the direction and kinetic energy of the fluid when passing through the air duct formed between the first convex part and the windshield, converts dynamic pressure into static pressure, and at the same time directs the air flow to the radially outer and lower sides, and finally passes through the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm
  • the ring-shaped air cavity is formed to lead the air flow out of the air duct.
  • the air flow in the entire air duct is very smooth, which reduces the impact loss and separation loss.
  • the wall surface of the wind shield and the wall surface of the diffuser are smoothly connected, that is, the wind
  • the diameter of the connecting part between the wall surface of the hood and the wall surface of the diffuser is the same.
  • the inner wall surface of the wind hood and the inner wall surface of the diffuser are smoothly connected to make the air flow through the wind hood and diffuser There will be no impact at the connection of the fan, thereby reducing the impact loss at the connection and improving the efficiency of the fan.
  • the air duct includes a variable cross-section part and a constant cross-section part, the variable cross-section part is close to the air inlet, the constant cross-section part is close to the air outlet, and along the air inlet direction, the cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section part gradually decreases, and the horizontal The cross-sectional area remains unchanged, and the variable cross-section part and the equal cross-section part are smoothly connected to make the air flow flow very smoothly in the air duct and reduce the impact loss and separation loss.
  • the space between the impeller and the windshield constitutes a variable cross-section portion
  • the space between the diffuser and the windshield constitutes an equal cross-section portion
  • the air flow enters the air duct from the air inlet roughly along the axial direction of the driving structure, and the distance between the center line of the air duct and the axis of the driving structure gradually increases, so that the air flow gradually moves toward the radial direction of the driving structure when passing through the air duct. Guide outside and below.
  • the wind shield, the impeller and the diffuser are all arranged coaxially, and the wall surface of the first convex portion facing the wind shield is a smooth convex surface with a gradually increasing diameter.
  • the driving structure includes a stator assembly, which is arranged relative to the air outlet, so that the wind flow from the air outlet is directly blown to the stator assembly.
  • the driving structure includes a stator assembly, the stator assembly is arranged at the air outlet, and the wind flow from the air outlet is directly blown to the stator assembly, which improves the heat dissipation effect of the stator assembly.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the cover plate toward the end of the first convex portion and the extending direction of the first convex portion toward the end of the impeller is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the end of the cover facing the first convex portion and the extending direction of the end of the first convex portion facing the cover is less than or equal to the first threshold, that is, the cover and the first convex In the two adjacent ends, the angle between the tangent to the end circumference of the first convex portion and the tangent to the end circumference of the cover is less than or equal to the first threshold, so that the air flows through the cover
  • the angle between the flow direction when the plate faces the end of the first convex part and the flow direction when the air flows through the first convex part towards the end of the cover plate is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the value of the first threshold can be ⁇ Between 2° and 2°, of course, the first threshold value can also be other smaller angles, that is, the end of the first protrusion is roughly arranged in the tangential direction of the end of the cover, so that the first protrusion and The transition between the ends of the cover plate is relatively smooth, and the impact
  • the diameter of the end of the first protrusion facing the air inlet is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end of the impeller facing the air outlet, that is, of the two ends of the first protrusion and the impeller close to each other, the end of the first protrusion
  • the part is larger than the end of the impeller, so that the air flow is gradually guided to the radial outside and below of the driving structure when the impeller flows to the first convex part.
  • the end of the first convex portion facing the air inlet is provided with an annular concave portion
  • the end of the cover plate facing the diffuser is provided with an annular convex portion
  • the concave portion is in clearance fit with the convex portion
  • the first convex part is provided with a concave part
  • the cover plate is provided with a convex part
  • the concave part matches the convex part. Since the cover plate rotates at a high speed and the diffuser is fixedly arranged, the two It is necessary to have a clearance fit. Furthermore, the gap between the concave portion and the convex portion is smaller than a predetermined threshold, that is, there is a small clearance fit between the concave portion and the convex portion. When the fluid flows from the cover plate to the first convex surface, it is inevitable. It will enter the gap between the two and cause leakage loss.
  • the small clearance fit can reduce this leakage, thereby improving efficiency; at the same time, the protrusion is located under the cover plate, which can be used as a balance ring of the cover plate to balance and remove weight, and is no longer needed Separately set the gimbal of the cover plate, reduce the number of parts, simplify the assembly process, and reduce the cost.
  • the diameter of the connection between the first convex portion and the inner ring arm is the same as the diameter of the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm and is smoothly connected.
  • the diameter of the connection between the first convex portion and the inner ring arm is the same as the diameter between the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm, and further, the connection between the first convex portion and the inner ring arm is a smooth transition connection, and The impact loss when the air flow passes through the connection between the first convex part and the inner ring arm is reduced, thereby improving the working efficiency of the fan.
  • the side of the outer ring arm away from the axis of the drive structure is provided with a first notch
  • the side of the wind hood facing the axis of the drive structure is provided with a second notch that matches the first notch.
  • Both the second gap and the second gap are annular, and the side of the outer ring arm facing the air inlet abuts against the bottom of the second gap.
  • a first notch is provided on the outer side of the outer ring arm, and a second notch is provided on the inner side of the corresponding position of the wind shield.
  • the first notch is matched with the second notch, and further, along the radial direction of the first convex portion
  • the depth of the second notch in the direction is equal to the remaining thickness of the outer ring arm after the first notch is provided, so that the connected wind cover and the outer ring arm are smoothly transitioned.
  • the first notch and the second notch are matched to achieve The radial positioning of the air hood and the diffuser ensures the coaxiality of the diffuser and the air hood.
  • first notch and the second notch are both ring-shaped, and the side of the outer ring arm facing the air inlet abuts against the bottom of the second notch.
  • the first notch and the second notch are both ring-shaped, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the diffuser and the wind shield.
  • the side of the outer ring arm facing the air inlet abuts against the bottom of the second notch. That is, the top of the outer ring arm abuts against the bottom of the second notch, realizing the axial positioning of the diffuser and the wind shield, and also ensuring a smooth transition between the inner wall surface of the wind shield and the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm , To ensure the smooth flow of the medium.
  • the diffuser further includes: a first vane arranged between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, and both ends of the first vane along the radial direction of the diffuser are respectively attached to the inner ring arm and On the outer ring arm, the first blade, the inner ring arm, and the outer ring arm form an air guide cavity; wherein, the first blade is in a spiral shape, and the first blade includes an inlet end and an outlet end along the air inlet direction, which rotates along the impeller Direction, the inlet end is behind the outlet end.
  • the diffuser further includes a first vane, the first vane is arranged between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, wherein the two ends of the first vane along the radial direction of the diffuser are respectively attached to On the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, that is, the first blade extends in the direction of the diffuser axis to the inner ring arm, and extends away from the diffuser axis to the outer ring arm, so that the root of the first blade fits inside On the ring arm, the top is attached to the outer ring arm, so that the inner ring arm, the first blade, and the outer ring arm form an air guide cavity, and the ring space between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm and the first The air guide cavity formed by the blades is relatively closed.
  • the first blade has a spiral shape, and the inlet end is located behind the outlet end along the rotation direction of the impeller, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of the air flow along the way and the impact loss of the outlet end.
  • the first blade is completely located in the air cavity between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm.
  • the first blade is completely located in the air guiding cavity in the axial direction, that is, the first blade is completely located in the annular air cavity formed by the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, which can ensure that the inlet end of the first blade and The air flow uniformity at the outlet end avoids the influence of other structures on the air flow.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the inlet end and the radial direction of the inner ring arm is less than or equal to the second threshold;
  • the outlet end includes a first inner end point connected to the inner ring arm and an outer ring arm The connected first outer end point is located in front of the first outer end point along the rotation direction of the impeller.
  • the extension direction of the inlet end is the extension direction of the inlet end from the inner ring arm to the outer ring arm, and the angle between the extension direction of the inlet end and the radial direction of the inner ring arm is less than or equal to the second threshold.
  • the value range of the second threshold depends on the specific conditions, such as -2° to 2° or other suitable values, that is, the inlet end is roughly set in the direction of the radial extension line of the inner ring arm; the first inner end point of the outlet end It is located in front of the first outer end point, that is, the first inner end point is in front of the first outer end point.
  • the inlet end is a smooth curved surface protruding toward the impeller, and the outlet end is a smooth curved surface protruding away from the impeller;
  • the first blade Of the two sides along the direction of rotation of the impeller, the first blade Of the two sides, the side located in the front is convex toward the direction of rotation of the impeller, and the side located at the rear is recessed in the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the inlet end is a smooth curved surface protruding toward the impeller
  • the outlet end is a smooth curved surface protruding away from the impeller, which ensures the uniformity of the airflow at the inlet end and reduces
  • the impact loss at the outlet end is along the rotation direction of the impeller.
  • the front side that is, the pressure of the first blade bulges in the direction of rotation of the impeller
  • the rear side that is, the first blade
  • the back pressure is recessed toward the direction of rotation of the impeller, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of air flow along the way, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the inner ring arm, the first blade and the outer ring arm are an integral structure.
  • the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm are annular, wherein the outer ring arm is arranged radially outside the inner ring arm, and the spiral first blade is arranged between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, It is connected with the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm to form an integral part. Since the two ends of the first blade along the radial direction of the inner ring arm are respectively attached to the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm, the first blade and As an integral part, the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm can be easily made by mold opening, and it is not necessary to make the first blade and one of the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm be integrally formed before being assembled and connected with the other.
  • the integrated diffuser can form a sealed air guide cavity between the opposite cylindrical surface of the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm and the opposite pressure surface and back pressure surface of the two adjacent first blades, avoiding expansion
  • the efficiency loss due to the leakage of the first blade during the compression process also simplifies the assembly process.
  • the number of the first blades is multiple, and the multiple first blades are evenly distributed between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm along the circumferential direction of the inner ring arm.
  • the number of the first blades is multiple, and the multiple first blades are evenly distributed between the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm along the circumferential direction of the inner ring arm. Further, the number of the first blades is 12.
  • the impeller further includes: a second blade arranged on the cover plate, and the second blade is located in the air duct; wherein, along the air inlet direction, the second blade includes a leading edge close to the air inlet and a front edge close to the air outlet The leading edge is located in front of the trailing edge along the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the impeller further includes second blades, and the outer wall surface of the cover plate is a smooth concave surface, wherein the airflow enters the air duct from the air inlet to obtain a relatively uniform flow field, and then enters the adjacent two second blades through the leading edge.
  • the influence of the flow field change at the inlet end on the fluid movement between the second blades is avoided.
  • the leading edge is located in front of the trailing edge, so that the flow path space between two adjacent second blades is The direction of extension is the same as the direction of rotation of the impeller.
  • the second blade intersects the outer wall surface of the cover plate to form a blade root, and the second blade extends in a direction away from the outer wall surface of the cover plate and is formed as the top of the blade where the outer diameter is the largest.
  • the diameter of the cover plate gradually increases along the air inlet direction.
  • the diameter of the cover plate gradually increases along the air inlet direction, and further, the outer wall surface of the cover plate is a smooth concave surface with a gradually increasing diameter.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the front edge and the axial direction of the drive structure is within the range of 76° ⁇ 2°; the rear edge is located on the cylindrical surface formed by the outer side wall of the protrusion.
  • the included angle between the imaginary straight line where the leading edge is located and the axis of the cover plate is within the range of 76° ⁇ 2°, so that the leading edge is roughly arranged along the radial direction of the cover plate, specifically, the leading edge
  • the included angle between the imaginary line and the axis of the cover plate is greater than or equal to 74° and less than or equal to 78°; the rear edge is located on the cylindrical surface formed by the outer side wall of the protrusion, thereby reducing the impact of the air flow through the rear edge loss.
  • the leading edge includes a second inner end point connected to the cover plate and a second outer end point far away from the cover plate.
  • the second outer end point is located before the second inner end point.
  • the second inner end point is located below the second outer end point, and the second outer end point is located below the end of the cover plate facing the air inlet and under the air inlet;
  • the rear edge includes a third inner end connected to the cover plate The end point and the third outer end point away from the cover plate, the third inner end point is located on the circumference of the end of the impeller facing the diffuser, from the air outlet to the air inlet direction, and the third outer end point is located above the third inner end point.
  • the leading edge starts from the root of the leading edge and extends radially outside and above the cover plate, the airflow flows in an oblique direction when flowing into the flow channel formed by the second blades, effectively controlling the air volume and pressure of the leading edge , Which reduces the fluid loss at the leading edge, and the second outer end point is set above the second inner end point to ensure that the streamline length at the top of the second blade is slightly larger than the streamline length at the root of the second blade, so that the airflow is at the trailing edge It has a relatively uniform flow state.
  • the second inner end point and the second outer end point are the two end points of the pressure surface of the second blade or the junction of the back pressure surface and the cover plate; the second outer end point is located in the direction of the cover plate The end of the air inlet and under the air inlet avoid the leakage loss of air flow into the air duct; the connection between the rear edge and the cover plate is located on the circumference of the end of the impeller facing the diffuser, so that the air flow smoothly flows out of the second In the flow channel formed by the blades, the third outer end point is located above the third inner end point, and the inclination angle of the trailing edge is set reasonably to help reduce the fluid loss at the outlet end.
  • the extension direction of the front edge is also the direction of the connection between the second inner end point and the second outer end point
  • the extension direction of the rear edge is also the extension direction from the root of the rear edge to the top of the rear edge.
  • the line connecting the second inner end point and the axis of the driving structure and the line connecting the second outer end point and the axis of the driving structure is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 5°.
  • the angle between the line connecting the second inner end point and the shaft center and the line connecting the second outer end point and the shaft center is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 5°, and the leading edge is small at the top It is conducive to fitting fluid drainage, while ensuring the manufacturability of the impeller.
  • the line between the third inner end point and the axis of the drive structure and the line between the third outer end point and the axis of the drive structure is greater than or equal to -2° and less than or equal to 2°.
  • reasonable setting of the inclination angle of the trailing edge is beneficial to reduce the fluid loss at the outlet of the impeller, can reduce the clearance leakage of the impeller outlet, and reduce the existence of secondary flow and jet wake at the impeller outlet.
  • Improved impeller efficiency The angle between the line between the third inner end point and the axis of the drive structure and the line between the third outer end point and the axis of the drive structure is greater than or equal to -2° and less than or equal to 2°, that is, the top of the trailing edge is roughly set In the axial direction of the root of the trailing edge.
  • the front edge is convex toward the air inlet, and the length of the rear edge is less than the length of the front edge.
  • the leading edge is a smooth curved surface that protrudes toward the air inlet, and smoothly connects the pressure surface and the suction surface.
  • the second blade extends toward the air inlet and is thinner, which can increase the length of the second blade while reducing the relative diffusion speed.
  • the length of the trailing edge is less than the length of the leading edge, which can effectively control the ratio of the inlet and outlet area of the flow passage between the adjacent second blades, reduce the flow diffusion loss, broaden the range of the high-efficiency zone under small flow conditions, and reduce aerodynamic noise .
  • the thickness of the leading edge is smaller than the thickness of the trailing edge.
  • the ratio of the length of the trailing edge to the length of the leading edge is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.46.
  • reasonable setting of the length of the trailing edge is beneficial to reduce the fluid loss at the outlet end, can reduce the clearance leakage of the impeller outlet, reduce the existence of secondary flow and jet wake at the impeller outlet, and improve the impeller effectiveness.
  • the ratio of the length of the trailing edge to the length of the leading edge is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.46.
  • first gap between the end of the second blade away from the axis of the impeller and the inner wall surface of the windshield; wherein the first gap is equidistantly arranged from the air inlet to the air outlet, or the first gap The direction from the air inlet to the air outlet gradually decreases.
  • the first gap is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  • the first gap is too large to seriously affect the efficiency of the air duct, and the first gap is too small to greatly increase the difficulty of assembly.
  • the best choice for the first gap is between 0.2mm and 0.3mm.
  • the first gap at the trailing edge will have a greater impact on efficiency than at the leading edge. Therefore, ensuring that the first gap is gradually reduced from top to bottom, which can effectively improve the fan efficiency.
  • the number of the second blades is multiple, and the multiple second blades are evenly arranged on the cover plate along the circumferential direction of the cover plate.
  • the number of the second blades is multiple, and the multiple second blades are evenly arranged on the cover plate along the circumferential direction of the cover plate.
  • the projection of the root of the second blade on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction satisfies: the wrap angle ⁇ 1 is within the range of 120° ⁇ 3°; the projection of the top of the second blade on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction satisfies: the wrap angle ⁇ 2 is Within the range of 123° ⁇ 3°, the wrap angle ⁇ 1 is the angle between the two end points of the projection of the root of the second blade on the plane perpendicular to the axis and the axis line, and the wrap angle ⁇ 2 is the top of the second blade on the vertical axis. The angle between the two end points of the projection on the plane of the direction and the axis.
  • the larger the wrap angle of the second blade the smaller the outflow and vortex in the flow channel, and the flow is closer to the second blade profile.
  • the wrap angle range given in this application can make the impeller work efficiently in the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm.
  • the projection of the root of the second blade on the plane of the vertical axis direction satisfies: the inlet placement angle ⁇ 1 is within the range of 23.5° ⁇ 3°; the outlet placement angle ⁇ 2 is within the range of 33.5 ⁇ 3°; the top of the second blade is on the plane of the vertical axis direction
  • the inlet placement angle ⁇ 3 is within the range of 0° ⁇ 3°; the outlet placement angle ⁇ 4 is within the range of 28.5 ⁇ 3°.
  • the selection of the inlet placement angle will affect the flow state when the fluid enters the impeller channel.
  • a proper inlet placement angle can reduce the displacement of the second blade root inlet, increase the flow area, and avoid the suction surface inlet. End flow is serious, reducing flow loss.
  • the choice of outlet placement angle will affect the vacuum of the fan. Reducing the outlet placement angle while reducing the outer diameter of the impeller is an effective measure to improve the efficiency of the centrifugal fan. Since the impeller working speed of this technical solution can reach 150,000 rpm, an excessively large impeller diameter will cause insufficient structural strength and the impact of unbalanced mass on the rotor assembly, but the outlet angle is too small, which will affect the manufacturability of the product.
  • inlet and outlet installation angles can keep the inlet and outlet fluid states of the impeller uniform within the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm, reduce fluid loss, improve the vacuum and efficiency of the fan, and reduce the outer diameter of the impeller to ensure strength And manufacturability.
  • the maximum diameter of the impeller does not exceed 32mm.
  • the outer wall surface of the cover plate is formed as a smooth concave surface, the upper inflow angle ⁇ 1 of the outer wall surface of the cover plate is in the range of 4° ⁇ 2°, and the lower end outflow angle ⁇ 2 is in the range of 57.5° ⁇ 2°.
  • the thickness of the second blade gradually increases from the leading edge to the trailing edge, and the ratio of the thickness of the leading edge to the thickness of the trailing edge is not less than 80%.
  • Seven second blades are distributed on the impeller at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the inner wall surface of the windshield includes a first inner wall surface corresponding to the cover plate and a second inner wall surface corresponding to the first convex portion, and the first inner wall surface extends from the outside of the windshield to the windshield
  • the axial direction is convex
  • the second inner wall surface is recessed from the axis of the wind shield toward the outer side of the wind shield; wherein, the first inner wall surface, the second inner wall surface, the outer wall surface of the cover plate, the outer wall surface of the first convex portion, and the inner ring arm
  • the outer wall surface and the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm constitute an air duct.
  • the inner wall surface of the windshield includes a first inner wall surface and a second inner wall surface, the first inner wall surface is arranged corresponding to the cover plate, the second inner wall surface is arranged correspondingly to the first convex portion, and the first inner wall surface is A smooth convex surface, the second inner wall surface is a smooth concave surface, and the cover plate, the first convex portion, and the inner ring arm and the outer ring arm constitute a variable cross-sectional portion and an equal cross-sectional portion, specifically, the first inner wall surface, the second inner wall surface,
  • the outer wall surface of the cover plate, the outer wall surface of the first convex portion, the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm, and the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm constitute an air duct.
  • the diameter of the first inner wall surface and the diameter of the second inner wall surface gradually increase.
  • the diameter of the connection between the second inner wall and the outer ring arm is the same as the diameter of the inner wall of the outer ring arm; along the axis of the drive structure, the connection between the second inner wall and the outer ring arm , And the height difference between the first protrusion and the connection of the inner ring arm is less than or equal to the third threshold.
  • the diameter of the connection between the second inner wall surface and the outer ring arm is the same as the diameter of the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm so that the inner wall surface of the windshield and the outer ring arm are smoothly connected to each other to reduce air flow.
  • the impact loss improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the height difference between the connection between the second inner wall surface and the outer ring arm and the connection between the first convex portion and the inner ring arm is less than or equal to the third threshold, and the third threshold is preferably 0 mm to 5 mm. That is, the connection between the second inner wall surface and the outer ring arm and the connection between the first protrusion and the inner ring arm are approximately at the same height.
  • the wind hood further includes: a collecting surface.
  • the diameter of the collecting surface gradually decreases, the air inlet is located at one end of the collecting surface, and the other end of the collecting surface is connected to the first inner
  • the walls are smoothly transitioned and connected; among them, the end of the impeller facing the air inlet is located in the wind hood.
  • the diameter of the collecting surface is gradually reduced, the air inlet is located at one end of the collecting surface, and the other end of the collecting surface is smoothly transitioned with the first inner wall surface, so that the airflow enters the impeller A uniform velocity field and fluid field are established in front of the flow channel, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the end of the impeller facing the air inlet is located in the wind hood.
  • the collecting surface, the first inner wall surface and the second inner wall surface jointly constitute the inner wall surface of the wind shield, and the wind shield has a thin-walled structure.
  • the driving structure further includes: a bearing assembly, the bearing assembly includes a rotating shaft and a shaft sleeve nested on the rotating shaft, and multiple sets of rolling elements arranged between the shaft sleeve and the rotating shaft, and the impeller is fixed on the rotating shaft The rotor is fixed on the other end of the shaft.
  • the drive structure further includes a bearing assembly and a rotor.
  • the bearing assembly includes a sleeve and multiple sets of rolling elements.
  • the rolling elements are located between the sleeve and the rotating shaft.
  • the rotating shaft passes through the sleeve and the rolling elements.
  • One end is connected to the impeller.
  • One end is connected with the rotor, and the rotor is fixed at the lower end of the rotating shaft.
  • the rolling bodies are evenly arranged between the shaft sleeve and the rotating shaft along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm; the outer diameter of the mating area on the rotating shaft with the shaft sleeve is greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the area where the shaft and the shaft sleeve fit is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm.
  • the shaft sleeve has an outer cylindrical surface with a diameter of 13 mm, and the part of the rotating shaft corresponding to the axial direction of the shaft sleeve has an outer cylindrical surface with a diameter of 5 mm.
  • the cover plate and the first convex portion are of thin-walled structure, the first convex portion defines a first mounting cavity, the cover plate defines a second mounting cavity, and the second mounting cavity is provided with a mounting portion,
  • the mounting part is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the impeller is fixed on the rotating shaft through the mounting part; wherein the rolling body close to the impeller is at least partially located in the second mounting cavity.
  • the cover plate and the first convex portion are both thin-walled structures, so that the inside of the first convex portion defines the first installation cavity, and the inside of the cover plate defines the second installation cavity.
  • the thin-walled structure can ensure the consistency of shrinkage during forming of the impeller, while reducing the moment of inertia of the impeller and improving efficiency.
  • the axial size allows, make the support position as close as possible to the center of gravity of the impeller, which can reduce the unevenness of the impeller. Measure the impact on the bearing, thereby improving component reliability.
  • a mounting part is also provided in the second mounting cavity, and the impeller is fixed on the rotating shaft through the mounting part. At the same time, the rolling body close to the impeller is at least partially located in the second mounting cavity.
  • a through hole is provided on the mounting portion, and the through hole is provided along the axial direction of the mounting portion.
  • the mounting part is further provided with a through hole, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the mounting part and the mounting hole of the driving structure, and penetrates the mounting part in the axial direction.
  • the arrangement of the through hole plays a role of venting when the drive structure is installed, preventing the closed hole from causing assembly errors; at the same time, it can reduce the material and the moment of inertia.
  • the rotating shaft is fixedly connected in the mounting hole, and the combined length of the rotating shaft and the mounting hole is greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm, and the axial space is fully utilized on the premise of ensuring positioning reliability.
  • the number of rolling elements is two.
  • the number of rolling elements is two, and the two rolling elements are respectively located at both ends of the shaft sleeve.
  • the axial span L between the two sets of rolling elements is between 16 mm and 18 mm.
  • the axial span L between the two sets of rolling elements is between 10 mm and 12 mm.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft is provided with two grooves at an axial interval, the span of the two grooves is consistent with the span L of the rolling elements, and the two sets of rolling elements are respectively arranged in the grooves.
  • the raceways of the rolling elements are directly opened on the rotating shaft, which can save the radial dimension occupied by the inner ring of the bearing assembly.
  • the center distance of the rolling elements is further reduced, which can effectively improve the bearing. The limit speed.
  • the center distance of the rolling elements is 6.4mm.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the shaft sleeve is provided with two grooves at an axial interval, the span of the groove is consistent with the span L of the rolling element, and the two sets of rolling elements are respectively arranged in the groove.
  • the raceways of the rolling elements are directly opened on the sleeve, which can save the radial dimension occupied by the outer ring of the bearing assembly, so that the sleeve has a larger thickness and the overall rigidity; or the outer diameter of the sleeve is further reduced to reduce Component weight.
  • a first outer ring and a second outer ring are fixedly arranged inside the two ends of the shaft sleeve.
  • the inner peripheral surfaces of the first outer ring and the second outer ring are respectively provided with grooves, and the two sets of rolling bodies are respectively arranged in the grooves.
  • the outer ring and the shaft sleeve of this structure are assembled parts, and the axial distance between the two outer rings can be adjusted to control the clearance, apply pre-tightening force, and reduce the processing accuracy requirements of the shaft sleeve.
  • the rotating shaft is a through shaft with a diameter of 5mm, and a number of grooves are opened on the through shaft for installing rolling elements and accommodating adhesives.
  • the machining difficulty of the through shaft is lower than that of the stepped shaft, and the machining accuracy is higher than that of the stepped shaft. It can avoid the undercut caused by the stepped shaft and other local features that are prone to stress concentration, and improve the rigidity and strength of the shaft.
  • the rolling elements and the shaft are made of metal.
  • the metal bearing assembly can run stably at a working speed of 150,000 rpm, which is economical.
  • the rotating shaft is made of metal, and the rolling elements are made of ceramic.
  • the metal thru-shaft with a diameter of 5mm has a certain rigidity, which is suitable for the design requirements of most small high-speed fans; the bearing assembly with ceramic balls can run stably at the working speed of 160,000rpm ⁇ 170,000rpm, which can increase the limit speed and have a certain Economy.
  • the two groups of rolling elements have the same number of rolling elements, and the number of rolling elements is 6 or 7.
  • the diffuser further includes: a bearing seat sleeved on the shaft sleeve and housed in the first installation cavity, the bearing seat is connected with the first convex portion, and at least part of the bearing seat extends into the second Installation cavity.
  • the diffuser further includes a bearing seat, the bearing seat is sleeved on the shaft sleeve, the diffuser is connected to the rotating shaft through the bearing seat, and at least part of the bearing seat extends into the second installation cavity.
  • a reinforcing rib is provided between the bearing seat and the inner ring arm.
  • a number of reinforcing ribs are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction between the bearing seat and the inner ring arm to improve the reliability of the connection.
  • the first convex portion, the inner ring arm, the outer ring arm and the bearing seat are an integral structure.
  • the coaxiality of the impeller and the wind shield must be ensured by the dimensional chain between the bearing assembly, the bearing seat, the first notch of the diffuser and the second notch of the wind shield.
  • the coaxiality will directly affect the uniformity of the tip clearance between the impeller and the wind shield, thereby affecting the efficiency.
  • the bearing seat, the inner ring arm, the outer ring arm and other features are integrated as a diffuser, so that the above-mentioned dimensional chain can be concentrated on as few matching parts as possible, thereby ensuring assemblability and high efficiency.
  • the rotor includes: a magnetic ring sleeved on the rotating shaft; a protective sleeve sleeved outside the magnetic ring; wherein there is a gap between the magnetic ring and the shaft sleeve along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.
  • the rotor includes a magnetic ring formed in a ring shape, and a protective sleeve fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic ring, the magnetic ring and the shaft are fixedly connected under the bearing assembly, and there is a gap between the magnetic ring and the shaft sleeve, To prevent the rolling elements from being magnetized and affecting the service life.
  • the gap is greater than or equal to 3 mm.
  • an axial distance of at least 3 mm is reserved between the end surface of the magnetic ring and the end surface of the sleeve to prevent the rolling elements from being magnetized, thereby affecting the life of the bearing assembly.
  • the protective cover has an integrally formed reinforcing part and a balance part.
  • the reinforcing part is mainly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic ring, has a thickness of 0.2mm ⁇ 0.3mm, and is fixed on the end face of the magnetic ring through a spinning process to protect the magnetic ring from disintegration during high-speed operation;
  • the balance part is arranged on The other end of the magnetic ring away from the spinning part has a thickness of about 1mm, which plays a role of balance and weight reduction.
  • the integrated design of the protective cover structure can reduce the number of parts, simplify the assembly process and reduce costs.
  • the balance part is arranged on the side away from the shaft sleeve, that is, the balance part is arranged at the end of the rotor.
  • the balance part far from the center of gravity of the rotor is convenient for weight removal, which can improve the efficiency and reliability of weight removal.
  • the balance part is arranged on the side close to the shaft sleeve, that is, the balance part is arranged between the bearing and the magnetic ring.
  • the balance part near the center of gravity of the rotor can shorten the axial length and make full use of the axial space.
  • the protective cover is made of non-magnetic material.
  • the fan further includes: a frame connected to the diffuser and arranged close to the air outlet; the stator assembly is connected through the frame and the bearing seat, a first flow path is formed between the stator assembly and the frame, and the stator A second flow path is provided between the assembly and the rotor, and the first flow path and the second flow path are communicated with the air duct.
  • the stator assembly is arranged on the radially outer side of the rotor and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat through the frame.
  • the stator assembly is fixedly arranged on the lower axial side of the diffuser, and at least a part of the stator assembly is located in the air duct to improve the heat dissipation effect of the stator assembly.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path are connected with the air duct to cool the heat generating parts on the flow path .
  • the stator assembly includes a ring-shaped stator yoke portion and a plurality of stator teeth portions arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction inside the stator yoke portion and extending radially inwardly, and the stator teeth portions are formed as inner surfaces on the radially inner side, It is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the rotor, and is arranged corresponding to the rotor in the axial direction; the stator assembly also includes a winding wound on the yoke, the maximum diameter of the winding is smaller than the maximum diameter of the air duct, and the minimum diameter is larger than the inner surface of the stator teeth .
  • the frame has a ring-shaped housing arranged axially below the outer ring arm, and the housing is provided with a stator mounting portion to fix and house the stator assembly inward.
  • a first flow path is formed between the inner wall of the casing and the winding, which is used to guide the fluid in the air duct out of the fan and at the same time cool the stator components on the flow path.
  • the space between the stator and the rotor forms a second flow path.
  • the second flow path is connected to the air duct through the upper space of the stator assembly, and the fluid in the air duct is introduced between the stator assembly and the rotor to cool the flow path.
  • the heating parts are connected to the air duct through the upper space of the stator assembly, and the fluid in the air duct is introduced between the stator assembly and the rotor to cool the flow path.
  • the fan further includes a control board, which is arranged at an end of the stator assembly facing away from the diffuser, and at least part of the control board is located in the first flow path and the second flow path.
  • the air flow in the air duct cools the stator assembly, the rotor and the components on the electric control board through the first flow path and the second flow path.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path are located at the end of the air duct.
  • the high-speed gas is introduced to other heating components for cooling after the high-speed gas is diffused, so it will not affect the state of the air flow in the air duct, thus achieving a good heat dissipation design of the whole machine while ensuring efficiency.
  • an electrical device including the fan as proposed in any technical solution of the first aspect.
  • the electrical equipment provided in the second aspect of the application includes the fan proposed in any of the above technical solutions, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the fan.
  • the electrical equipment may be a vacuum cleaner or an air conditioner.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a fan according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 shows another structural schematic diagram of a diffuser of an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an impeller of an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 shows another structural schematic diagram of the impeller of an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows another structural schematic diagram of the impeller of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 7 shows a partial structural cross-sectional view of a fan according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 8 shows a partial structural cross-sectional view of a fan according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a fan of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 shows another exploded structure diagram of a fan according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application proposes a fan, including: a drive structure 4; an impeller 1, the impeller 1 includes a cover plate 10, the cover plate 10 is installed on the drive structure 4, the cover plate 10 The axial direction of the impeller 1 is recessed, and along the air inlet direction, the diameter of the cover plate 10 gradually increases; the wind hood 3 is arranged on the impeller 1, and the wind hood 3 is provided with an air inlet 30 and an outlet communicating with the air inlet 30 Tuyere 32; diffuser 2, the diffuser 2 is located at the end of the impeller 1 facing the air outlet 32, the diffuser 2 includes a first convex portion 20 connected to the drive structure 4, the first convex portion 20 facing the wind shield 3 The diameter of the end of the first protrusion 20 close to the cover plate 10 is smaller than the diameter of the end away from the cover plate 10.
  • the diffuser 2 further includes an inner ring arm 22 connected with the first protrusion 20 and sleeved
  • the outer ring arm 24 outside the inner ring arm 22, the outer ring arm 24 and the wind cover 3 are smoothly transitioned, and the first protrusion 20, the inner ring arm 22, and the outer ring arm 24 are coaxially arranged; among them, the wind cover 3, the cover plate 10.
  • the diffuser 2 defines an air duct.
  • the air duct includes a variable cross-section part and a constant cross-section part.
  • the variable cross-section part is arranged close to the air inlet 30, and the constant cross-sectional part is arranged close to the air outlet 32.
  • the fan provided by this application includes a drive structure 4, a wind hood 3, an impeller 1, and a diffuser 2.
  • the drive structure 4 drives the impeller 1 to rotate so that the airflow flows from the air inlet 30 to the air outlet 32 and expands
  • the presser 2 includes a first convex portion 20, an inner ring arm 22, and an outer ring arm 24 that are coaxially arranged.
  • the first convex portion 20 is disposed close to the impeller 1, and the inner ring arm 22 is connected to the first convex portion 20 and is located at the first Below the convex portion 20, the outer ring arm 24 and the inner ring arm 22 are sleeved together, the first convex portion 20 protrudes in the direction of the wind shield 3, and the diameter of the first convex portion 20 gradually increases, the wind shield 3, the impeller 1 And the diffuser 2 define the air duct, the airflow flows from the air inlet 30 through the air duct to the air outlet 32, the space formed between the impeller 1 and the wind hood 3 changes the direction of the fluid and the kinetic energy, after passing the first protrusion 20 and the wind hood 3 When the air duct is formed between, the dynamic pressure is converted into static pressure, and at the same time, the fluid is guided radially outward and downward.
  • the air flow in the entire air duct is very smooth, which reduces the impact loss and separation loss.
  • the inner wall surfaces of the compressor 2 are smoothly connected to each other, so that the airflow does not produce impact when passing through the connection between the wind hood 3 and the diffuser 2, thereby reducing the impact loss at the connection and improving the efficiency of the fan.
  • the air duct includes a variable cross-section part and a constant cross-section part.
  • the variable cross-section part is close to the air inlet 30, and the constant cross-section part is close to the air outlet 32.
  • the cross-sectional area of the variable cross-section part gradually decreases. The cross-sectional area remains unchanged, and the variable cross-section part and the equal cross-section part are smoothly connected, so that the airflow flows very smoothly in the air duct, and the impact loss and separation loss are reduced.
  • the space between the impeller 1 and the wind shield 3 constitutes a variable cross-section portion, and the space between the diffuser 2 and the wind shield 3 constitutes an equal cross-section portion.
  • the airflow enters the air duct from the air inlet 30 approximately along the axial direction of the driving structure 4, and the distance between the centerline of the air duct and the axis of the driving structure 4 gradually increases, so that the airflow gradually moves toward the driving structure when passing through the air duct. 4 radial outer and lower guide.
  • the wind shield 3, the impeller 1 and the diffuser 2 are all arranged coaxially, and the wall surface of the first convex portion 20 facing the wind shield 3 is a smooth convex surface with a gradually increasing diameter.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 is the flow direction of the airflow.
  • the driving structure 4 includes: a stator assembly 5, which is arranged relative to the air outlet 32 so that the wind flow from the air outlet 32 is directly blown to the stator assembly 5.
  • the driving structure 4 includes a stator assembly 5, which is arranged at the air outlet 32, and the wind flow from the air outlet 32 is directly blown to the stator assembly 5, which improves the heat dissipation of the stator assembly 5. effect.
  • the angle between the extension direction of the cover plate 10 toward the end of the first convex portion 20 and the extension direction of the first convex portion 20 toward the cover plate 10 is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the end of the cover plate 10 facing the first convex portion 20 and the extending direction of the end of the first convex portion 20 facing the cover plate 10 is less than or equal to the first threshold, that is, the cover plate 10 and the first convex portion 20, in the two adjacent ends, the angle between the tangent line passing through the end circumferential line of the first convex portion 20 and the tangent line passing through the end circumferential line of the cover plate 10 is less than or equal to The first threshold, so that the angle between the flow direction when the air flows through the cover plate 10 toward the end of the first protrusion 20 and the flow direction when the air flows through the first protrusion 20 toward the end of the cover plate 10 is less than or equal to the first A threshold, the first threshold can be between -2° and 2°.
  • the first threshold can also be other smaller angles, that is, the end of the first convex portion 20 is roughly set on the cover 10 In the tangential direction of the end, the transition between the first protrusion 20 and the end of the cover plate 10 is smooth, and the impact loss is greatly reduced when the airflow passes through the connection between the first protrusion 20 and the cover plate 10. In turn, the efficiency of the fan is improved.
  • the diameter of the end of the first protrusion 20 facing the air inlet 30 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the end of the impeller 1 facing the air outlet 32, that is, of the two ends of the first protrusion 20 and the impeller 1 close to each other,
  • the end of the first convex portion 20 is larger than the end of the impeller 1, so that the air flow is gradually guided to the radial outside and below of the driving structure 4 when flowing from the impeller 1 to the first convex portion 20.
  • the end of the first protrusion 20 facing the air inlet 30 is provided with an annular depression
  • the end of the cover plate 10 facing the diffuser 2 is provided with an annular protrusion 14
  • the depression and the protrusion Section 14 has a clearance fit.
  • the first convex portion 20 is provided with a concave portion
  • the cover plate 10 is provided with a convex portion 14.
  • the concave portion and the convex portion 14 are matched. Rotating, and the diffuser 2 is fixedly installed, so the two must be in clearance fit. Further, the gap between the recessed portion and the raised portion 14 is less than a predetermined threshold, that is, there is a small gap between the recessed portion and the raised portion 14
  • a predetermined threshold that is, there is a small gap between the recessed portion and the raised portion 14
  • the diameter of the connection between the first convex portion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 is the same as the diameter of the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm 22 and is smoothly transitioned.
  • the diameter of the connection between the first protrusion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 is the same as the diameter between the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm 22, and further, the connection between the first protrusion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 is The smooth transition connection reduces the impact loss when the air flows through the connection between the first convex portion 20 and the inner ring arm 22, thereby improving the working efficiency of the fan.
  • the side of the outer ring arm 24 facing away from the axis of the driving structure 4 is provided with a first notch 240
  • the side of the wind shield 3 facing the axis of the driving structure 4 is provided with a first notch 240 that is adapted to the first notch 240.
  • a first notch 240 is provided on the outer side of the outer ring arm 24, and a second notch 360 is provided on the inner side of the corresponding position of the windshield 3, and the first notch 240 is matched with the second notch 360.
  • the depth of the second notch 360 along the radial direction of the first convex portion 20 is equal to the remaining thickness of the outer ring arm 24 after the first notch 240 is provided, so that the connected wind cover 3 and the outer ring arm 24
  • the smooth transition connection at the same time, through the cooperation of the first notch 240 and the second notch 360, the radial positioning of the hood 3 and the diffuser 2 is realized, and the coaxiality of the diffuser 2 and the hood 3 is ensured.
  • first notch 240 and the second notch 360 are both annular, and the side of the outer ring arm 24 facing the air inlet 30 abuts against the bottom of the second notch 360.
  • the first notch 240 and the second notch 360 are both ring-shaped, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the diffuser 2 and the windshield 3.
  • the outer ring arm 24 abuts against the side of the air inlet 30
  • the bottom of the second notch 360 that is, the top of the outer ring arm 24 abuts on the bottom of the second notch 360, realizing the axial positioning of the diffuser 2 and the wind shield 3, and at the same time ensuring the inner wall surface of the wind shield 3 and
  • the smooth transitional connection between the inner wall surfaces of the outer ring arm 24 ensures the smooth flow of the medium.
  • the diffuser 2 further includes: a first vane 26 disposed between the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24, and the first vane 26 is attached to both ends of the diffuser 2 in the radial direction. Fit on the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24, so that the first blade 26, the inner ring arm 22, and the outer ring arm 24 form an air guiding cavity; wherein the first blade 26 is in a spiral shape and is first along the air inlet direction.
  • the blade 26 includes an inlet end 260 and an outlet end 262.
  • the inlet end 260 is located behind the outlet end 262 along the rotation direction of the impeller 1.
  • the diffuser 2 further includes a first blade 26, which is arranged between the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24, wherein the first blade 26
  • the two ends along the radial direction of the diffuser 2 are respectively attached to the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24, that is, the first vane 26 extends in the axial direction of the diffuser 2 to the inner ring arm 22, away from the diffuser 2
  • the presser 2 extends in the axial direction to the outer ring arm 24, so that the root of the first blade 26 is attached to the inner ring arm 22, and the top is attached to the outer ring arm 24, so that the inner ring arm 22 and the first blade 26 ,
  • the air guide cavity is formed between the outer ring arms 24, and the air guide cavity formed by the inner ring arm 22, the annular space between the outer ring arms 24 and the first blade 26 is relatively closed.
  • the first blade 26 has a spiral shape, and the inlet end 260 is located behind the outlet end 262 along the rotation direction of the impeller 1, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of air flow along the way and the impact loss of the outlet end 262.
  • the first blade 26 is completely located in the air cavity between the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24.
  • the first blade 26 is completely located in the air guiding cavity in the axial direction, that is, the first blade 26 is completely located in the annular air cavity formed by the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24, which can ensure the first
  • the uniformity of the air flow at the inlet end 260 and the outlet end 262 of the blade 26 avoids the influence of other structures on the air flow.
  • the angle between the extending direction of the inlet end 260 and the radial direction of the inner ring arm 22 is less than or equal to the second threshold;
  • the outlet end 262 includes a first inner end point connected to the inner ring arm 22 264 and the first outer end 266 connected to the outer ring arm 24, along the rotation direction of the impeller 1, the first inner end 264 is located in front of the first outer end 266.
  • the extension direction of the inlet end 260 is the extension direction of the inlet end 260 from the inner ring arm 22 to the outer ring arm 24.
  • the extension direction of the inlet end 260 is the same as the diameter of the inner ring arm 22.
  • the angle between the directions is less than or equal to the second threshold, and the value range of the second threshold depends on specific conditions, such as -2° to 2° or other suitable values, that is, the inlet end 260 is roughly set in the inner ring In the direction of the radial extension of the arm 22; the first inner end 264 of the outlet end 262 is located in front of the first outer end 266, that is, the first inner end 264 is in front of the first outer end 266.
  • the inlet end 260 is a smooth curved surface that protrudes toward the impeller 1
  • the outlet end 262 is a smooth curved surface that protrudes away from the impeller 1;
  • the front side surface is convex toward the rotation direction of the impeller 1
  • the rear side surface is recessed toward the rotation direction of the impeller 1.
  • the inlet end 260 is a smooth curved surface that protrudes toward the impeller 1
  • the outlet end 262 is a smooth curved surface that protrudes away from the impeller 1, ensuring that the inlet end 260 is smoothly curved. Uniformity of air flow and reduction of the impact loss at the outlet end 262.
  • the two sides of the first blade 26 are located in the front side, that is, the pressure of the first blade 26 faces the direction of rotation of the impeller 1
  • the protrusion is located on the rear side, that is, the back pressure of the first blade 26 is recessed toward the rotation direction of the impeller 1, thereby helping to reduce the loss of the air flow along the way, thereby helping to improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the inner ring arm 22, the first blade 26 and the outer ring arm 24 are an integral structure.
  • the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 are annular, wherein the outer ring arm 24 is arranged radially outside the inner ring arm 22, and the spiral first blade 26 is arranged on the inner ring arm 22 and The outer ring arm 24 is connected to the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 to form an integral part.
  • the integrated diffuser 2 can form a sealed air guide cavity between the opposed cylindrical surfaces of the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 and the pressure surfaces and back pressure surfaces of the two adjacent first blades 26. This avoids the loss of efficiency due to the leakage of the first blade 26 during the expansion process, and also simplifies the assembly process.
  • the number of the first blades 26 is multiple, and the multiple first blades 26 are evenly distributed between the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 along the circumferential direction of the inner ring arm 22.
  • the number of the first blades 26 is multiple, and the multiple first blades 26 are evenly distributed between the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 along the circumferential direction of the inner ring arm 22. Further, the first blades 26 The number is 12.
  • the impeller 1 further includes: a second blade 12, which is arranged on the cover plate 10, and the second blade 12 is located in the air duct; wherein, along the air intake direction, the second blade 12 includes a second blade 12 close to the air inlet 30
  • the front edge 120 and the rear edge 122 close to the air outlet 32 are located in front of the rear edge 122 along the rotation direction of the impeller 1.
  • the impeller 1 further includes second blades 12, and the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 is a smooth concave surface, where the airflow enters the air duct through the air inlet 30 to obtain a relatively uniform flow field. Then enter the independent flow channel space formed by two adjacent second blades 12 through the leading edge 120, avoiding the influence of the flow field change at the inlet end on the fluid movement between the second blades 12.
  • the leading edge 120 is located in front of the trailing edge 122.
  • the extension direction of the flow passage space between two adjacent second blades 12 is the same as the rotation direction of the impeller 1.
  • the second blade 12 intersects with the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 to form a blade root, and the second blade 12 extends in a direction away from the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 and is formed as the top of the blade where the outer diameter is the largest.
  • the diameter of the cover plate 10 gradually increases along the air inlet direction.
  • the diameter of the cover plate 10 gradually increases along the air inlet direction. Further, the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 is a smooth concave surface with a gradually increasing diameter.
  • the angle ⁇ between the extending direction of the front edge 120 and the axial direction of the driving structure 4 is within the range of 76° ⁇ 2°; the rear edge 122 is located on the cylindrical surface formed by the outer side wall of the protrusion 14 on.
  • the angle ⁇ between the imaginary straight line where the front edge 120 is located and the axis of the cover plate 10 is within the range of 76° ⁇ 2°, so that the front edge 120 is substantially along the cover plate 10 Specifically, the angle ⁇ between the imaginary line where the front edge 120 is located and the axis of the cover plate 10 is greater than or equal to 74° and less than or equal to 78°; the rear edge 122 is formed by the outer side wall of the protrusion 14 On the cylindrical surface, the impact loss when the air flows through the trailing edge 122 is reduced.
  • the front edge 120 includes a second inner end point 124 connected to the cover plate 10 and a second outer end point 126 away from the cover plate 10.
  • the second outer end point 126 is located at the first Before the two inner ends 124, from the air outlet 32 to the air inlet 30, the second inner end 124 is located below the second outer end 126, and the second outer end 126 is located at the end of the cover plate 10 facing the air inlet 30 and the air inlet 30;
  • the trailing edge 122 includes a third inner end point connected to the cover plate 10 and a third outer end point away from the cover plate 10, the third inner end point is located on the circumference of the end of the impeller 1 toward the diffuser 2, by From the air outlet 32 to the air inlet 30, the third outer end point is located above the third inner end point.
  • the airflow is inclined when it flows into the flow channel formed by the second blade 12
  • Directional inflow which effectively controls the air volume and pressure of the leading edge 120, reduces the fluid loss of the leading edge 120, and the second outer end point 126 is set above the second inner end point 124 to ensure the streamline at the top of the second blade 12
  • the length is slightly larger than the streamline length of the root of the second blade 12, so that the airflow has a relatively uniform flow state at the trailing edge 122.
  • the second inner end point 124 and the second outer end point 126 are the pressure surfaces of the second blade 12 Or the two end points of the junction between the back pressure surface and the cover plate 10; the second outer end point 126 is located at the end of the cover plate 10 facing the air inlet 30 and below the air inlet 30, so as to avoid air leakage loss into the air duct;
  • the connection between the rim 122 and the cover plate 10 is located on the circumference of the end of the impeller 1 facing the diffuser 2, so that the air flow smoothly flows out of the flow channel formed by the second blade 12, and the third outer end point is located above the third inner end point Therefore, a reasonable setting of the inclination angle of the trailing edge 122 is beneficial to reduce the fluid loss at the outlet end 262.
  • the extension direction of the front edge 120 is also the direction of the connection between the second inner end point 124 and the second outer end point 126
  • the extension direction of the rear edge 122 is also the extension from the root of the rear edge 122 to the top of the rear edge 122 direction.
  • the line connecting the second inner end point 124 and the axis of the drive structure 4 is connected to the second outer end point 126 and the drive structure 4
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the lines of the axis is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 5°.
  • the angle ⁇ 1 between the line between the second inner end point 124 and the axis and the line between the second outer end point 126 and the axis is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 5°
  • the small front angle at the top of the front edge 120 is beneficial to fit the fluid drainage, while ensuring the manufacturability of the impeller 1.
  • the line connecting the third inner end point and the axis of the drive structure 4 and the third outer end point and the axis of the drive structure 4 is greater than or equal to -2° and less than or equal to 2°.
  • a reasonable setting of the inclination angle of the trailing edge 122 is beneficial to reduce the fluid loss at the outlet of the impeller 1, and can reduce the clearance leakage at the outlet of the impeller 1, and reduce the leakage of the outlet of the impeller 1.
  • the existence of the secondary flow and jet wake improves the efficiency of the impeller 1.
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the line connecting the third inner end point and the axis of the driving structure 4 and the line connecting the third outer end point and the axis of the driving structure 4 is greater than or equal to -2° and less than or equal to 2°, that is, the trailing edge 122
  • the top of the rear edge 122 is substantially arranged in the axial direction of the root of the rear edge 122.
  • the front edge 120 protrudes toward the air inlet 30, and the length of the rear edge 122 is less than the length of the front edge 120.
  • the front edge 120 is a smooth curved surface convex toward the air inlet 30, and smoothly connects the pressure surface and the suction surface.
  • the second blade 12 extends toward the air inlet 30 and is thinner, which can increase the length of the second blade 12 while reducing the relative diffusion speed.
  • the length of the trailing edge 122 is less than the length of the leading edge 120, which can effectively control the ratio of the inlet and outlet areas of the flow passages between the adjacent second blades 12, reduce the flow diffusion loss, and broaden the range of the high-efficiency zone under small flow conditions. Reduce aerodynamic noise.
  • the ratio of the length of the rear edge 122 to the length of the front edge 120 is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.46.
  • reasonable setting of the length of the trailing edge 122 is beneficial to reduce the fluid loss at the outlet end 262, can reduce the clearance leakage at the outlet of the impeller 1, and reduce the secondary flow at the outlet of the impeller 1 and the jet wake. Exist, improving the efficiency of the impeller 1.
  • the ratio of the length of the rear edge 122 to the length of the front edge 120 is greater than or equal to 0.4 and less than or equal to 0.46.
  • the thickness of the front edge 120 is smaller than the thickness of the rear edge 122.
  • the first gap there is a first gap between the end of the second blade 12 away from the axis of the impeller 1 and the inner wall surface of the windshield 3; wherein, the first gap is equally spaced from the air inlet 30 to the air outlet 32. , Or the first gap gradually decreases from the air inlet 30 to the air outlet 32.
  • the first gap is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.3 mm.
  • the first gap is too large to seriously affect the efficiency of the air duct, and the first gap is too small to greatly increase the difficulty of assembly.
  • the best choice for the first gap is between 0.2mm and 0.3mm.
  • the first gap at the rear edge 122 will have a greater impact on efficiency than at the front edge 120. Therefore, it is ensured that the first gap is gradually reduced from top to bottom, which can effectively improve Fan efficiency.
  • the number of the second blades 12 is multiple, and the multiple second blades 12 are evenly arranged on the cover plate 10 along the circumferential direction of the cover plate 10.
  • the number of the second blades 12 is multiple, and the multiple second blades 12 are evenly arranged on the cover plate 10 along the circumferential direction of the cover plate 10.
  • the projection of the root of the second blade 12 on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction satisfies: the wrap angle ⁇ 1 is within the range of 120° ⁇ 3°; the top of the second blade 12 is on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction.
  • the projection satisfies: the wrap angle ⁇ 2 is within the range of 123° ⁇ 3°.
  • the root of the second blade 12 is the junction of the second blade 12 and the cover plate 10
  • the top of the second blade 12 is the second blade 12 is far from the end of the cover plate 10
  • the wrap angle ⁇ 1 is the angle between the two end points of the projection of the root of the second blade 12 on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction and the axis line
  • the wrap angle ⁇ 2 is the top of the second blade 12 The angle between the two end points of the projection on the plane perpendicular to the axis and the axis line.
  • the higher the speed of the impeller 1; but the second is too large The wrap angle of the blade 12 will cause the friction loss to become larger, the high-efficiency point will move in the direction of small flow, and it will also cause difficulty in demolding.
  • the wrap angle range given in this application can enable the impeller 1 to work efficiently within the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm.
  • the projection of the root of the second blade 12 on the plane perpendicular to the axis direction satisfies: the inlet placement angle ⁇ 1 is within the range of 23.5° ⁇ 3°; the outlet placement angle ⁇ 2 is within the range of 33.5 ⁇ 3°; second The projection of the top of the blade 12 on the plane of the vertical axis direction satisfies: the inlet placement angle ⁇ 3 is within the range of 0°-3°; the outlet placement angle ⁇ 4 is within the range of 28.5 ⁇ 3°.
  • the selection of the inlet placement angle will affect the flow state when the fluid enters the flow channel of the impeller 1.
  • a proper inlet placement angle can reduce the squeezing effect of the root entrance of the second blade 12, increase the flow area, and avoid suction. Severe leakage at the inlet end of the face reduces flow loss.
  • the choice of the outlet placement angle will affect the vacuum of the fan. Reducing the outlet placement angle while reducing the outer diameter of the impeller 1 is an effective measure to improve the efficiency of the centrifugal fan.
  • the operating speed of the impeller 1 of this embodiment can reach 150,000 rpm, an excessively large diameter of the impeller 1 will cause insufficient structural strength and the impact of unbalanced mass on the rotor assembly, but the outlet angle is too small, which will affect the manufacturability of the product .
  • Choosing the above-mentioned inlet placement angle and outlet placement angle can keep the fluid state of the inlet and outlet of the impeller 1 uniform within the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm, reduce fluid loss, improve the vacuum degree and efficiency of the fan, and reduce the outer diameter of the impeller 1. Ensure strength and manufacturability.
  • the maximum diameter of impeller 1 does not exceed 32mm.
  • the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 is formed as a smooth concave surface
  • the upper inflow angle ⁇ 1 of the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10 is in the range of 4° ⁇ 2°
  • the lower end outflow angle ⁇ 2 is in the range of 57.5° ⁇ 2°.
  • the thickness of the second blade 12 gradually increases from the front edge 120 to the rear edge 122, and the ratio of the thickness of the front edge 120 to the thickness of the rear edge 122 is not less than 80%.
  • Seven second blades 12 are distributed on the impeller 1 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction.
  • the inner wall surface of the windshield 3 includes a first inner wall surface 34 corresponding to the cover plate 10 and a second inner wall surface 36 corresponding to the first convex portion 20.
  • the first inner wall surface 34 is formed by the wind
  • the outer side of the cover 3 is convex toward the axial direction of the wind cover 3, and the second inner wall surface 36 is recessed from the axis of the wind cover 3 toward the outer side of the wind cover 3.
  • the first inner wall surface 34, the second inner wall surface 36, and the cover plate 10 The outer wall surface, the outer wall surface of the first convex portion 20, the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm 22, and the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm 24 constitute an air duct.
  • the inner wall surface of the windshield 3 includes a first inner wall surface 34 and a second inner wall surface 36.
  • the first inner wall surface 34 is arranged corresponding to the cover plate 10, and the second inner wall surface 36 and the A convex portion 20 is provided correspondingly, and the first inner wall surface 34 is a smooth convex surface, and the second inner wall surface 36 is a smooth concave surface to form a variable cross section with the cover plate 10, the first convex portion 20, and the inner ring arm 22 and the outer ring arm 24 Section and equal section section, specifically, the first inner wall surface 34, the second inner wall surface 36, the outer wall surface of the cover plate 10, the outer wall surface of the first convex portion 20, the outer wall surface of the inner ring arm 22, the outer wall surface of the outer ring arm 24
  • the inner wall surface constitutes an air duct.
  • the diameter of the first inner wall surface 34 and the diameter of the second inner wall surface 36 gradually increase.
  • the diameter of the inner wall surface of the windshield 3 gradually increases along the air inlet direction.
  • the diameter of the connection between the second inner wall surface 36 and the outer ring arm 24 is the same as the diameter of the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm 24; along the axis of the drive structure 4, the second inner wall surface 36 is The height difference between the connection of the ring arm 24 and the connection of the first protrusion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 is less than or equal to the third threshold.
  • the diameter of the connection between the second inner wall surface 36 and the outer ring arm 24 is the same as the diameter of the inner wall surface of the outer ring arm 24 so that the inner wall surface of the windshield 3 and the outer ring arm Smooth transition connection between 24 to reduce the impact loss of air flow and improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the height difference between the connection between the second inner wall surface 36 and the outer ring arm 24 and the connection between the first convex portion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 is less than or equal to a third threshold, and the third threshold is preferably 0mm to 5mm. That is, the connection between the second inner wall surface 36 and the outer ring arm 24 and the connection between the first convex portion 20 and the inner ring arm 22 are approximately at the same height.
  • the wind hood 3 further includes: a collecting surface 38. Along the air inlet direction, the diameter of the collecting surface 38 gradually decreases, and the air inlet 30 is located at one end of the collecting surface 38. The other end is smoothly connected with the first inner wall surface 34; wherein, the end of the impeller 1 facing the air inlet 30 is located in the wind hood 3.
  • the air inlet 30 is located at one end of the collecting surface 38, and the other end of the collecting surface 38 is connected to the first inner wall surface.
  • the 34 smooth transition connection enables the airflow to establish a uniform velocity field and fluid field before entering the flow channel of the impeller 1, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the end of the impeller 1 facing the air inlet 30 is located in the wind hood 3.
  • the collecting surface 38, the first inner wall surface 34, and the second inner wall surface 36 jointly constitute the inner wall surface of the wind shield 3, and the wind shield 3 has a thin-walled structure.
  • the driving structure 4 further includes: a bearing assembly 6, which includes a rotating shaft 68 and a sleeve 60 nested on the rotating shaft 68, and multiple sets arranged between the sleeve 60 and the rotating shaft 68
  • the impeller 1 is fixed on one end of the rotating shaft 68
  • the rotor 8 is fixed on the other end of the rotating shaft 68.
  • the driving structure 4 further includes a bearing assembly 6 and a rotor 8.
  • the bearing assembly 6 is housed in the first mounting cavity 28 and partially extends into the second mounting cavity 100.
  • the bearing assembly 6 includes a sleeve 60 and multiple sets of rolling elements 62.
  • the rolling elements 62 are located between the sleeve 60 and the rotating shaft 68.
  • the rotating shaft 68 passes through the sleeve 60 and the rolling elements 62.
  • One end is connected to the impeller 1, and the other end is connected to the rotor 8.
  • the rotor 8 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 68.
  • the rolling elements 62 are evenly arranged between the sleeve 60 and the rotating shaft 68 along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 68.
  • the outer diameter of the sleeve 60 is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm; the outer diameter of the mating area on the rotating shaft 68 with the sleeve 60 is greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 6 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the sleeve 60 is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm. Accordingly, the outer diameter of the area where the rotating shaft 68 and the sleeve 60 are matched is greater than or equal to 12 mm and less than or equal to 14 mm.
  • the shaft sleeve 60 has an outer cylindrical surface with a diameter of 13 mm, and the axially corresponding part of the shaft 68 and the shaft sleeve 60 has an outer cylindrical surface with a diameter of 5 mm.
  • the cover plate 10 and the first convex portion 20 are thin-walled structures, the first convex portion 20 defines the first mounting cavity 28, the cover plate 10 defines the second mounting cavity 100, and the second mounting cavity A mounting portion 16 is provided in the 100, the mounting portion 16 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 68, and the impeller 1 is fixed on the rotating shaft 68 through the mounting portion 16; wherein, the rolling body 62 close to the impeller 1 is at least partially located in the second mounting cavity 100.
  • the cover plate 10 and the first convex portion 20 are both thin-walled structures, so that the inside of the first convex portion 20 defines the first mounting cavity 28, and the cover plate 10
  • the second installation cavity 100 is defined inside.
  • the thin-walled structure can ensure the shrinkage consistency of the impeller 1 during molding, while reducing the moment of inertia of the impeller 1 and improving efficiency.
  • the support position is as close as possible to the center of gravity of the impeller 1, which can reduce The impact of the imbalance of the small impeller 1 on the bearing, thereby improving the reliability of the assembly.
  • the mounting portion 16 is disposed in the second mounting cavity 100 and does not exceed the second mounting cavity 100, the cover plate 10 is mounted on the driving structure 4 through the mounting portion 16, and the rolling body 62 close to the impeller 1 is at least partially located in the second mounting cavity. In the cavity 100, it is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the fan.
  • the mounting portion 16 is provided with a through hole 162, and the through hole 162 is provided along the axial direction of the mounting portion 16.
  • the mounting portion 16 is further provided with a through hole 162, the diameter of the through hole 162 is smaller than the diameter of the mounting portion 16 and the mounting hole 160 of the driving structure 4, and penetrates the mounting portion in the axial direction. 16.
  • the arrangement of the through hole 162, on the one hand, plays a role of venting when the drive structure 4 is installed, preventing assembly errors caused by the closed hole; at the same time, it can reduce materials and moment of inertia.
  • the rotating shaft 68 is fixedly connected in the mounting hole 160, and the combined length of the rotating shaft 68 and the mounting hole 160 is greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than or equal to 10 mm. On the premise of ensuring the positioning reliability, the axial space is fully utilized.
  • the number of rolling elements 62 is two.
  • the number of rolling elements 62 is two, the two rolling elements 62 are respectively located at both ends of the sleeve 60, and the rolling elements 62 close to the impeller 1 are at least partially located in the first Two installation cavity 100.
  • the axial span L between the two sets of rolling elements 62 is between 16 mm and 18 mm.
  • the axial span L between the two sets of rolling elements 62 is between 10 mm and 12 mm.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 68 is provided with two grooves at an axial interval, the span of the two grooves is consistent with the span L of the rolling elements 62, and the two sets of rolling elements 62 are respectively arranged in the grooves.
  • the raceway of the rolling element 62 is directly opened on the shaft, which can save the radial dimension occupied by the inner ring of the bearing assembly 6.
  • the center distance of the rolling element 62 is further reduced, which can be effective Increase the limit speed of the bearing.
  • the center distance of the rolling elements 62 is 6.4 mm.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve 60 is provided with two grooves at an axial interval, the span of the grooves is consistent with the span L of the rolling elements 62, and the two sets of rolling elements 62 are respectively arranged in the grooves.
  • the raceways of the rolling elements 62 are directly opened on the sleeve 60, which can save the radial dimension occupied by the outer ring of the bearing assembly 6, so that the sleeve 60 has a greater thickness and the overall rigidity; or the sleeve 60 is further reduced.
  • the outer diameter size reduces the weight of components.
  • a first outer ring 64 and a second outer ring 66 are respectively fixedly provided inside the two ends of the sleeve 60, and grooves are respectively provided on the inner peripheral surfaces of the first outer ring 64 and the second outer ring 66, The two sets of rolling bodies 62 are respectively arranged in the groove.
  • the outer ring and the shaft sleeve 60 of this structure are assembled parts, and the axial distance between the two outer rings can be adjusted to control the clearance, and the pre-tightening force is applied, which reduces the processing accuracy requirements of the shaft sleeve 60.
  • the rotating shaft 68 is a through shaft with a diameter of 5 mm, and a number of grooves are opened on the through shaft for installing the rolling elements 62 and containing adhesive.
  • the machining difficulty of the through shaft is lower than that of the stepped shaft, and the machining accuracy is higher than that of the stepped shaft. It can avoid the undercut caused by the stepped shaft and other local features that are prone to stress concentration, and improve the rigidity and strength of the shaft.
  • the rolling elements 62 and the shaft are made of metal materials.
  • the metal bearing assembly 6 can run stably at a working speed of 150,000 rpm, which is economical.
  • the rotating shaft 68 is made of metal
  • the rolling element 62 is made of ceramic.
  • the metal thru-shaft with a diameter of 5mm has a certain rigidity, which can be suitable for the design requirements of most small high-speed fans; the bearing assembly 6 with ceramic balls can run stably at a working speed of 160000rpm ⁇ 170000rpm, which can increase the limit speed, and has a certain Economics.
  • the two sets of rolling elements 62 have the same number of rolling elements, and the number of rolling elements is 6 or 7.
  • the diffuser 2 further includes: a bearing seat 7 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 60 and received in the first mounting cavity 28.
  • the bearing seat 7 is connected to the first convex portion 20, at least partially The bearing seat 7 extends into the second installation cavity 100.
  • the diffuser 2 further includes: a bearing seat 7 sleeved on the shaft sleeve 60 and received in the first mounting cavity 28, the bearing seat 7 is connected with the first convex portion 20, and at least part of the bearing The seat 7 extends into the second installation cavity 100, which improves the efficiency of the fan.
  • a reinforcing rib 70 is provided between the bearing seat 7 and the inner ring arm 22.
  • a number of reinforcing ribs 70 are evenly arranged between the bearing seat 7 and the inner ring arm 22 along the circumferential direction to improve the reliability of the connection.
  • the first convex portion 20, the inner ring arm 22, the outer ring arm 24 and the bearing housing 7 are an integral structure.
  • the coaxiality of the impeller 1 and the wind cover 3 must be ensured by the dimensional chain between the bearing assembly 6, the bearing seat 7, the first notch 240 of the diffuser 2 and the second notch 360 of the wind cover 3 .
  • the coaxiality will directly affect the uniformity of the tip clearance between the impeller 1 and the windshield 3, thereby affecting the efficiency.
  • the bearing seat 7 and the inner ring arm 22, the outer ring arm 24 and other features are integrally arranged as the diffuser 2, so that the above-mentioned dimensional chain can be concentrated on as few matching parts as possible, thereby ensuring assembly and high efficiency.
  • the rotor 8 includes: a magnetic ring 80 sleeved on the rotating shaft 68; a protective sleeve 82 sleeved on the outside of the magnetic ring 80; wherein, between the magnetic ring 80 and the shaft sleeve 60 along the shaft 68 There is a gap in the axial direction.
  • the rotor 8 includes a ring-shaped magnetic ring 80, and a protective sleeve 82 fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic ring 80, the magnetic ring 80 and the shaft are fixedly connected to the bearing assembly 6 Below, there is a gap between the magnetic ring 80 and the shaft sleeve 60 to prevent the rolling elements 62 from being magnetized and affecting the service life.
  • the gap is greater than or equal to 3 mm.
  • an axial distance of at least 3 mm is reserved between the end surface of the magnetic ring 80 and the end surface of the sleeve 60 to prevent the rolling elements 62 from being magnetized, thereby affecting the life of the bearing assembly 6.
  • the protective cover 82 has a reinforcing portion 820 and a balance portion 822 that are integrally formed.
  • the reinforcing part 820 is mainly arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the magnetic ring 80, has a thickness of 0.2mm to 0.3mm, and is fixed on the end surface of the magnetic ring 80 through a spinning process to protect the magnetic ring 80 from disintegration during high-speed operation;
  • the balance portion 822 is arranged at the other end of the magnetic ring 80 away from the spinning position, and has a thickness of about 1 mm, which plays a role of balance and weight reduction.
  • the integrated design of the protective cover 82 structure can reduce the number of parts, simplify the assembly process and reduce costs.
  • the balance portion 822 is provided on the side away from the sleeve 60, that is, the balance portion 822 is provided on the end of the rotor 8.
  • the balance part 822 far away from the center of gravity of the rotor 8 is convenient for weight removal, and can improve the efficiency and reliability of weight removal.
  • the balance portion 822 is disposed on the side close to the sleeve 60, that is, the balance portion 822 is disposed between the bearing and the magnetic ring 80.
  • the balance part 822 close to the center of gravity of the rotor 8 can shorten the axial length and make full use of the axial space.
  • the protective cover 82 is made of non-magnetic material.
  • the fan further includes: a frame 9 connected to the diffuser 2 and arranged close to the air outlet 32; the stator assembly 5 is connected through the frame 9 and the bearing seat 7, and the stator assembly 5 is connected to the frame 9 There is a first flow path therebetween, a second flow path is provided between the stator assembly 5 and the rotor 8, and the first flow path and the second flow path are in communication with the air duct.
  • the stator assembly 5 is arranged on the radially outer side of the rotor 8 and is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7 through the frame 9.
  • the stator assembly 5 is fixedly arranged on the lower axial side of the diffuser 2, and at least a part of the stator assembly 5 is located in the air duct to improve the heat dissipation effect of the stator assembly 5.
  • the first flow path and the second flow path are connected with the air duct for cooling the flow path.
  • the heating parts are connected with the air duct for cooling the flow path.
  • the stator assembly 5 includes a ring-shaped stator yoke 50 and a plurality of stator teeth 52 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction inside the stator yoke 50 and extending radially inward.
  • the part 52 is formed as an inner surface on the radially inner side, which is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the rotor 8, and is arranged corresponding to the rotor 8 in the axial direction;
  • the stator assembly 5 also includes a winding 54 wound on the yoke, the winding 54 having a maximum diameter It is smaller than the maximum diameter of the air duct, and the minimum diameter is larger than the inner surface of the stator teeth 52.
  • the frame 9 has an annular housing 90 arranged below the outer ring arm 24 in the axial direction, and the housing 90 is provided with a stator mounting portion 16 to fix and house the stator assembly 5 inward.
  • a first flow path is formed between the inner wall of the housing 90 and the winding 54 for guiding the fluid in the air duct out of the fan and cooling the stator components on the flow path at the same time.
  • the space between the stator and rotor 8 forms a second flow path.
  • the second flow path is connected to the air duct through the upper space of the stator assembly 5, and the fluid in the air duct is introduced between the stator assembly 5 and the rotor 8. To cool the heat-generating parts in the flow path.
  • the fan further includes: a control board 56 disposed at an end of the stator assembly 5 facing away from the diffuser 2, and at least part of the control board 56 is located in the first flow path and the second flow path.
  • the air flow in the air duct cools the stator assembly 5, the rotor 8 and the components on the electronic control board through the first flow path and the second flow path.
  • the first flow path and The second flow path is located below the air duct, that is, the high-speed gas is introduced to other heating components for cooling after the high-speed gas is diffused, so it will not affect the air flow in the air duct, so as to ensure the efficiency of the whole machine.
  • the fan of an embodiment of the present application without changing the overall structure, according to different design requirements, by adjusting the input electrical parameters, the fan can efficiently work in the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm .
  • Table 1 The test results shown in Table 1 are obtained by testing the fan using the above embodiment. It can be seen from the table that, according to the design requirements of different power sections, the fan of this embodiment can adjust the speed through self-balancing, and can run efficiently in the speed range of 100,000 rpm to 150,000 rpm. When the suction power is 550W, it can run stably at 150,000 rpm, and obtain a machine efficiency higher than 52.5%, while covering down to 200W, the efficiency is higher than 54.5%.
  • an electrical device (not shown in the figure) is also proposed, including the fan as proposed in any embodiment of the first aspect.
  • the electrical equipment provided in the second aspect of the present application includes the fan proposed in any of the above embodiments, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the fan.
  • the electrical equipment may be a vacuum cleaner or an air conditioner.
  • the term “plurality” refers to two or more than two, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed”, etc. should be understood in a broad sense.
  • “connected” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection;
  • “connected” can be Directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

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Abstract

一种风机和电器设备,风机包括:驱动结构(4);叶轮(1),叶轮包括盖板(10),盖板(10)安装在驱动结构(4)上;风罩(3),罩设在叶轮(1)上;扩压器(2),位于叶轮(1)朝向出风口(32)的一端,包括与驱动结构(4)相连接的第一凸部(20),第一凸部(20)向风罩(3)方向凸起,还包括内环臂(22)和外环臂(24),外环臂(24)与风罩(3)光滑过渡连接;风罩(3)、盖板(10)、扩压器(2)限定出风道,风道包括靠近进风口的变截面部和靠近出风口的等截面部。本风机整个风道中的气流的流动十分顺畅,提高了风机的效率。

Description

风机和电器设备
本申请要求于2019年8月9日提交中国专利局、申请号为“2019107363102”、发明名称为“风机和电器设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,和于2019年8月9日提交中国专利局、申请号为“2019212885146”、发明名称为“风机和电器设备”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及家用电器技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种风机和电器设备。
背景技术
目前,高速风机一般是通过电动机驱动叶轮高速旋转,以在密封壳体内形成负压环境,使尘屑等被吸入集尘装置中,从而达到良好的送风效果。风机高速化、高效化、大功率发展趋势明显,但大功率和高速化会加剧流体和机械损耗,导致温升过高,对高效化风道设计、轴承设计和整机散热设计都带来很大的挑战。现有技术中的小型高速风机,在400W~120000rpm工况下,效率可以达到52.5%,在500W~125000rpm的工况下,效率不超过50%,且需要进行复杂的流路设计来解决发热器件的散热问题。当消费者需求发生变化,如需求更大吸力(功率增大)或小功率轻量化产品时,现有技术能高效覆盖的功率段及转速段很窄,整机效率对设计输入的敏感度大。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此,本申请的第一方面提供了一种风机。
本申请的第二方面还提供了一种电器设备。
有鉴于此,本申请的第一方面提出了一种风机,包括:驱动结构;叶轮,叶轮包括盖板,盖板安装在驱动结构上,盖板向叶轮的轴线方向凹陷, 沿进风方向,盖板的直径逐渐增大;风罩,罩设在叶轮上,风罩上设置有进风口和与进风口相连通的出风口;扩压器,扩压器位于叶轮朝向出风口的一端,扩压器包括与驱动结构相连接的第一凸部,第一凸部向风罩方向凸起,且第一凸部靠近盖板的一端的直径小于远离盖板的一端的直径,扩压器还包括与第一凸部相连接的内环臂和套设在内环臂外侧的外环臂,外环臂与风罩光滑过渡连接,第一凸部、内环臂、外环臂同轴设置;其中,风罩、盖板、扩压器限定出风道,风道包括变截面部和等截面部,变截面部靠近进风口设置,等截面部靠近出风口设置。
本申请提供的风机,包括驱动结构、风罩、叶轮和扩压器,驱动结构驱动叶轮转动,以使气流由进风口流向出风口,扩压器包括同轴设置的第一凸部、内环臂和外环臂,第一凸部靠近叶轮设置,内环臂与第一凸部相连接且位于第一凸部下方,外环臂与内环臂套设在一起,第一凸部向风罩方向凸起,且第一凸部的直径逐渐增大,风罩、盖板和扩压器限定出风道,气流由进风口经风道流向出风口,叶轮和风罩之间构成的空间改变流体的方向及动能,在经过第一凸部和风罩之间构成的风道时,将动压转化为静压,同时将气流向径向外侧及下方引导,最后经由内环臂和外环臂组成的环状风腔将气流引出风道,整个风道中的气流流动十分顺畅,减小了冲击损失和分离损失,风罩的壁面与扩压器的壁面之间为光滑过渡连接,也即风罩的壁面与扩压器的壁面之间相连接的部分的直径相同,进一步地,风罩的内壁面与扩压器的内壁面之间为光滑过渡连接,以使气流经过风罩和扩压器的连接处时不会产生冲击,进而减小连接处的冲击损失,提高风机的效率。
进一步地,风道包括变截面部和等截面部,变截面部靠近进风口,等截面部靠近出风口,且沿进风方向,变截面部的横截面积逐渐减小,等截面部的横截面积保持不变,变截面部和等截面部光滑过渡连接,以使气流在风道中流动十分顺畅,减小了冲击损失和分离损失。
进一步地,叶轮与风罩之间的空间构成变截面部,扩压器和风罩之间的空间构成等截面部。
进一步地,气流由进风口大致沿驱动结构的轴向进入风道,风道的中心线与驱动结构的轴线之间的距离逐渐增大,以使气流经过风道时逐渐向驱动结构 的径向外侧及下方引导。
进一步地,风罩、叶轮和扩压器均同轴设置,第一凸部朝向风罩的壁面为直径逐渐变大的光滑凸面。
根据本申请提供的上述的风机,还可以具有以下附加技术特征:
在上述任一技术方案中,驱动结构包括:定子总成,定子总成相对于出风口设置,以使由出风口流出的风流直接吹向定子总成。
在该技术方案中,驱动结构包括定子总成,定子总成设置在出风口处,进而由出风口流出的风流直接吹向定子总成,提高了定子总成的散热效果。
在上述任一技术方案中,盖板朝向第一凸部的一端的延伸方向与第一凸部朝向叶轮的一端的延伸方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值。
在该技术方案中,盖板朝向第一凸部的一端的延伸方向与第一凸部朝向盖板的一端的延伸方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,也即盖板和第一凸部,相靠近的两个端部中,经过第一凸部的端部周线的切线,与经过盖板的端部周线的切线之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,从而气流经过盖板朝向第一凸部的端部时的流动方向与气流经过第一凸部朝向盖板的端部时的流动方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,第一阈值的取值可为-2°至2°之间,当然第一阈值也可以为其他较小的角度,也即第一凸部的端部大致设置在盖板的端部的切线方向上,进而使得第一凸部与盖板的端部之间的过渡较圆滑,气流经过第一凸部与盖板的连接处时大大减小了冲击损失,进而提高了风机的效率。
进一步地,第一凸部朝向进风口的端部的直径大于等于叶轮朝向出风口的端部的直径,也即第一凸部和叶轮相靠近的两个端部中,第一凸部的端部大于叶轮的端部,使得气流由叶轮流向第一凸部时逐渐向驱动结构的径向外侧及下方引导。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一凸部朝向进风口的一端设置有环形的凹陷部,盖板朝向扩压器的一端设置有环形的凸起部,凹陷部与凸起部间隙配合。
在该技术方案中,第一凸部上设置有凹陷部,盖板上设置有凸起部,凹陷部与凸起部相适配,由于盖板高速旋转,而扩压器固定设置,因此二者必须间隙配合,进一步地,凹陷部与凸起部之间的间隙小于预定的阈值, 也即凹陷部与凸起部之间为小间隙配合,流体从盖板向第一凸面流动时,难免会进入二者间隙中造成泄漏损失,小间隙配合可减小这种泄漏,从而提高效率;同时,凸起部位于盖板下方,可作为盖板的平衡环进行平衡去重,而不再需要单独设置盖板的平衡环,减少零部件个数,简化装配工艺,降低成本。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一凸部与内环臂连接处的直径与内环臂的外壁面的直径相同且光滑过渡连接。
在该技术方案中,第一凸部与内环臂连接处的直径与内环臂的外壁面之间的直径相同,进一步地,第一凸部与内环臂连接处为光滑过渡连接,进而减小气流经过第一凸部与内环臂之间的连接处时的冲击损失,进而提高风机的工作效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,外环臂背离驱动结构轴线的一侧设置有第一缺口,风罩朝向驱动结构轴线的一侧设置有与第一缺口相适配的第二缺口,第一缺口和第二缺口均为环形,且外环臂朝向进风口的一侧抵在第二缺口的底部。
在该技术方案中,外环臂的外侧设置有第一缺口,风罩对应位置的内侧设置有第二缺口,第一缺口与第二缺口相配合,进一步地,沿第一凸部的径向方向第二缺口的深度等于外环臂设置第一缺口后的剩余厚度,以使连接后的风罩和外环臂之间光滑过渡连接,同时,通过第一缺口和第二缺口的配合,实现了风罩和扩压器的径向定位,保证了扩压器与风罩的同轴度。
进一步地,第一缺口和第二缺口均为环形,外环臂朝向进风口的一侧抵在第二缺口的底部。
在该技术方案中,第一缺口和第二缺口均为环形,进而提高了扩压器与风罩的连接的可靠性,外环臂朝向进风口的一侧抵在第二缺口的底部,也即外环臂的顶部抵在第二缺口的槽底上,实现了扩压器和风罩的轴向定位,同时也保证了风罩的内壁面和外环臂的内壁面之间的光滑过渡连接,保证了介质流动的流畅性。
在上述任一技术方案中,扩压器还包括:第一叶片,设置于内环臂和外环臂之间,第一叶片沿扩压器径向的两端分别贴合在内环臂和外环臂上,以使 第一叶片和内环臂、外环臂构成导风腔;其中,第一叶片呈螺旋状,沿进风方向第一叶片包括入口端和出口端,沿叶轮的转动方向,入口端位于出口端之后。
在该技术方案中,扩压器还包括第一叶片,第一叶片设置在内环臂和外环臂之间,其中,第一叶片沿扩压器的径向方向的两端分别贴合在内环臂和外环臂上,也即第一叶片向扩压器轴线方向延伸至内环臂,向远离扩压器轴线方向延伸至外环臂,以使第一叶片的根部贴合在内环臂上,顶部贴合在外环臂上,从而使得内环臂、第一叶片、外环臂之间构成导风腔,且由内环臂、外环臂之间的环形空间和第一叶片构成的导风腔相对密闭,气流进入导风腔内后,仅从导风腔的出口流出,避免了扩压过程中由于第一叶片密封泄漏所产生的效率损失,同时也简化了装配工艺。其中,第一叶片呈螺旋状,沿叶轮的转动方向,入口端位于出口端之后,有利于减小气流流动的沿程损失和出口端的冲击损失。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一叶片完全位于内环臂和外环臂之间的风腔内。
在该技术方案中,第一叶片在轴向上完全位于导风腔内,也即第一叶片完全位于内环臂和外环臂所组成的环形风腔内,可以保证第一叶片入口端和出口端的气流均匀性,避免了其他结构对气流流动的影响。
在上述任一技术方案中,入口端的延伸方向与内环臂的径向方向之间的夹角小于等于第二阈值;出口端包括与内环臂相连接的第一内端点和与外环臂相连接的第一外端点,沿叶轮的转动方向,第一内端点位于第一外端点的前方。
在该技术方案中,入口端的延伸方向即入口端由内环臂至外环臂方向的延伸方向,入口端的延伸方向与内环臂的径向方向之间的夹角小于等于第二阈值,第二阈值的取值范围可视具体情况而定,比如-2°至2°或其他合适的值,也即入口端大致设置在内环臂的径向延长线方向上;出口端的第一内端点位于第一外端点的前方,也即第一内端点相对于第一外端点前置。
在上述任一技术方案中,沿扩压器的轴线方向,入口端为向叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面,出口端为向远离叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面;沿叶轮的旋转方向,第一叶片的两个侧面中,位于前方的侧面向叶轮的旋转方向凸起,位于后方的 侧面向叶轮的旋转方向凹陷。
在该技术方案中,沿扩压器的轴线方向,入口端为向叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面,出口端为向远离叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面,保证了入口端的气流均匀性,和减小出口端的冲击损失,沿叶轮的旋转方向,第一叶片的两个侧面中,位于前方的侧面,也即第一叶片的压力面向叶轮的旋转方向凸起,位于后方的侧面,也即第一叶片的背压面向叶轮的旋转方向凹陷,从而有利于减小气流流动的沿程损失,进而有利于提高风机的效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,内环臂、第一叶片与外环臂为一体式结构。
在该技术方案中,内环臂和外环臂为圆环形,其中,外环臂设置在内环臂径向外侧,螺旋式的第一叶片设置在内环臂和外环臂之间,并与内环臂和外环臂相连接而形成一体式零件,由于第一叶片的沿内环臂径向方向的两端分别贴合在内环臂和外环臂上,使得第一叶片与内环臂和外环臂作为一体式零件可以很容易地进行开模制作,而不需要使第一叶片与内环臂和外环臂中的一个一体成型后再与另一个进行装配连接。一体式扩压器的设置,可以在内环臂和外环臂相对设置的柱面与相邻两个第一叶片相对设置的压力面和背压面间形成密封的导风腔,避免了扩压过程中由于第一叶片泄漏所产生的效率损失,同时也简化了装配工艺。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一叶片的数量为多个,多个第一叶片沿内环臂的周向均布在内环臂与外环臂之间。
在该技术方案中,第一叶片的数量为多个,多个第一叶片沿内环臂的周向均布在内环臂与外环臂之间,进一步地,第一叶片的数量为12个。
在上述任一技术方案中,叶轮还包括:第二叶片,设置在盖板上,第二叶片位于风道内;其中,沿进风方向,第二叶片包括靠近进风口的前缘和靠近出风口的后缘,沿叶轮的旋转方向,前缘位于后缘前方。
在该技术方案中,叶轮还包括第二叶片,盖板的外壁面为光滑凹面,其中,气流由进风口进入风道内,获得较为均匀的流场后,再经由前缘进入相邻两个第二叶片所组成的独立流道空间中,避免了进口端流场变化对第二叶片间流体运动的影响,前缘位于后缘前方,使得相邻两个第二叶片之间的流道空间的延伸方向与叶轮的旋转方向相同。
进一步地,第二叶片与盖板的外壁面相交形成为叶片根部,第二叶片向背离盖板的外壁面方向延伸并在外径最大处形成为叶片顶部。
在上述任一技术方案中,沿进风方向,盖板的直径逐渐增大。
在该技术方案中,沿进风方向,盖板的直径逐渐增大,进一步地,盖板的外壁面为直径逐渐增大的光滑凹面。
在上述任一技术方案中,前缘的延伸方向与驱动结构的轴线方向的夹角在76°±2°范围内;后缘位于凸起部的外侧壁所构成的圆柱面上。
在该技术方案中,前缘所在的假象直线与盖板的轴线之间的夹角在76°±2°范围内,以使前缘大致沿盖板的径向方向设置,具体地,前缘所在的假象直线与盖板的轴线之间的夹角大于等于74°小于等于78°;后缘位于凸起部的外侧壁所构成的圆柱面上,进而减小了气流经过后缘时的冲击损失。
在上述任一技术方案中,前缘包括与盖板相连接的第二内端点和远离盖板的第二外端点,沿叶轮的转动方向,第二外端点位于第二内端点之前,由出风口至进风口方向,第二内端点位于第二外端点之下,且第二外端点位于盖板朝向进风口的端部和进风口之下;后缘包括与盖板相连接的第三内端点和远离盖板的第三外端点,第三内端点位于叶轮朝向扩压器的一端的周线上,由出风口至进风口方向,第三外端点位于第三内端点之上。
在该技术方案中,由于前缘从前缘根部开始,向盖板的径向外侧及上方延伸,气流流入第二叶片构成的流道时为倾斜方向流入,有效地控制了前缘的风量和风压,减小了前缘流体的损失,同时第二外端点设置在第二内端点上方,可以保证第二叶片顶部的流线长度略大于第二叶片根部的流线长度,使气流在后缘处具有较为均匀的流动状态,具体地,第二内端点和第二外端点为第二叶片的压力面上或背压面与盖板的交接处的两个端点;第二外端点位于盖板朝向进风口的端部和进风口之下,避免了进入风道内的气流泄漏损失;后缘与盖板的连接处位于叶轮朝向扩压器的一端的周线上,以使气流平稳的流出第二叶片构成的流道内,第三外端点位于第三内端点之上,合理地设置后缘的倾斜角度,有利于减小出口端的流体损失。
具体地,前缘的延伸方向也即第二内端点与第二外端点之间的连线方向,后缘的延伸方向也即后缘的根部至后缘的顶部的延伸方向。
在上述任一技术方案中,叶轮在垂直于驱动结构的轴线的平面上的投影中,第二内端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线与第二外端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于0°小于等于5°。
在该技术方案中,第二内端点和轴心的连线,与第二外端点与轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于0°小于等于5°,前缘顶部小的前置角有利于贴合流体引流,同时保证叶轮具有可制造性。
在上述任一技术方案中,叶轮在垂直于驱动结构的轴线的平面上的投影中,第三内端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线与第三外端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于-2°小于等于2°。
在该技术方案中,合理地设置后缘的倾斜角度,有利于减小叶轮的出口的流体损失,可以减小叶轮出口的间隙泄漏,减小叶轮出口的二次流以及射流尾流的存在,提高了叶轮效率。第三内端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线与第三外端点和驱动结构的轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于-2°小于等于2°,也即后缘的顶部大致设置在后缘的根部的轴向方向上。
在上述任一技术方案中,前缘向进风口方向凸起,后缘的长度小于前缘的长度。
在该技术方案中,前缘为向进风口方向凸起为圆滑曲面,光滑连接压力面和吸力面。第二叶片向进风口前伸并减薄,可在增加第二叶片长度的同时减少相对扩散速度。后缘的长度小于前缘的长度,可以有效控制相邻第二叶片间流道进出口面积的比值,减小流动的扩散损失,拓宽小流量工况下的高效区范围,同时可以降低气动噪音。
进一步地,前缘的厚度小于后缘的厚度。
在上述任一技术方案中,后缘的长度与前缘的长度的比值大于等于0.4小于等于0.46。
在该技术方案中,合理地设置后缘的长度,有利于减小出口端的流体损失,可以减小叶轮出口的间隙泄漏,减小叶轮出口的二次流以及射流尾流的存在,提高了叶轮效率。后缘的长度与前缘的长度的比值大于等于0.4小于等于0.46。
在上述任一技术方案中,第二叶片远离叶轮的轴线的一端与风罩的内壁 面之间具有第一间隙;其中,第一间隙由进风口至出风口方向等距设置,或第一间隙由进风口至出风口方向逐渐减小。
在该技术方案中,由于叶轮和风罩相对高速旋转,因此二者间需间隙配合,保证间隙从上到下逐渐减小设置或从上到下等距设置,能够有效地提升风机效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一间隙大于等于0.2mm小于等于0.3mm。
在该技术方案中,第一间隙过大会严重影响风道效率,第一间隙过小会大幅提高装配难度。第一间隙选择在0.2mm~0.3mm之间最为合适。同时,由于前缘长度大于后缘长度,后缘处第一间隙对效率的影响会大于前缘处,因此,保证第一间隙从上到下逐渐减小设置,能够有效地提升风机效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,第二叶片的数量为多个,多个第二叶片沿盖板的周向均匀的设置在盖板上。
在该技术方案中,第二叶片的数量为多个,多个第二叶片沿盖板的周向均匀地设置在盖板上。
具体地,第二叶片的根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:包角θ1在120°±3°范围内;第二叶片顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:包角θ2在123°±3°范围内,包角θ1为第二叶片根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影的两个端点与轴心的连线的夹角,包角θ2为第二叶片顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影的两个端点与轴心的连线的夹角。
θ2≥θ1。
具体地,第二叶片包角越大,流道内的脱流和漩涡越小,流动更贴近第二叶片型线,同样叶轮直径下,叶轮转速越高;但过大的第二叶片包角会导致摩擦损失变大,高效点向小流量方向移动,同时会造成脱模困难。本申请中所给出的包角范围,可以使叶轮在100000rpm~150000rpm的转速范围内高效工作。
第二叶片根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:进口安放角β1在23.5°±3°范围内;出口安放角β2在33.5±3°范围内;第二叶片顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:进口安放角β3在0°~3°范围内;出口安放角β4在28.5±3°范围内。
具体地,进口安放角的选择会影响流体进入叶轮流道时流态的好坏,合适 的进口安放角可以减小第二叶片根部进口的排挤作用,增大过流面积,同时避免吸力面进口端脱流严重,减小流量损失。出口安放角的选择会影响风机的真空度,减小出口安放角的同时减小叶轮外径是提高离心风机效率的有效措施。由于本技术方案的叶轮工作转速可达到150000rpm,过大的叶轮直径会造成结构强度不足,以及不平衡质量对转子总成的影响,但出口安放角过小,会影响产品的可制造性。选用上述进口安放角和出口安放角,可以使叶轮在100000rpm~150000rpm的转速范围内进、出口流体状态保持均匀,减小流体损失,提高风机真空度及效率,同时减小叶轮外径,保证强度及可制造性。
叶轮最大直径不超过32mm。
盖板的外壁面形成为圆滑凹面,盖板的外壁面上端流入角δ1在4°±2°范围内,下端流出角δ2在57.5°±2°范围内。
第二叶片的厚度从前缘向后缘逐渐增加,前缘厚度与后缘厚度比值不小于80%。
叶轮上沿周向等间隔地分布有7个第二叶片。
在上述任一技术方案中,风罩的内壁面包括与盖板对应设置的第一内壁面和与第一凸部对应设置的第二内壁面,第一内壁面由风罩外侧向风罩的轴线方向凸起,第二内壁面由风罩的轴线向风罩外侧方向凹陷;其中,第一内壁面、第二内壁面、盖板的外壁面、第一凸部的外壁面、内环臂的外壁面、外环臂的内壁面构成风道。
在该技术方案中,风罩的内壁面包括第一内壁面和第二内壁面,第一内壁面与盖板对应设置,第二内壁面与第一凸部对应设置,且第一内壁面为光滑凸面,第二内壁面为光滑凹面,以与盖板和第一凸部以及内环臂和外环臂构成变截面部和等截面部,具体地,第一内壁面、第二内壁面、盖板的外壁面、第一凸部的外壁面、内环臂的外壁面、外环臂的内壁面构成风道。
在上述任一技术方案中,沿进风方向,第一内壁面的直径和第二内壁面的直径逐渐增大。
在该技术方案中,沿进风方向,风罩的内壁面的直径逐渐增大。
在上述任一技术方案中,第二内壁面与外环臂的连接处的直径与外环臂的内壁面的直径相同;沿驱动结构的轴线方向,第二内壁面与外环臂的 连接处,和第一凸部与内环臂的连接处的高度差小于等于第三阈值。
在该技术方案中,第二内壁面与外环臂的连接处的直径与外环臂的内壁面的直径相同以使风罩的内壁面与外环臂之间光滑过渡连接,以减小气流的冲击损失,提高风机效率。沿驱动结构的轴线方向,第二内壁面与外环臂的连接处,和第一凸部与内环臂的连接处的高度差小于等于第三阈值,第三阈值优选为0mm至5mm。也即第二内壁面与外环臂的连接处,和位于第一凸部与内环臂的连接处大致位于同一高度。
在上述任一技术方案中,风罩还包括:集流面,沿进风方向,集流面的直径逐渐减小,进风口位于集流面的一端,集流面的另一端与第一内壁面光滑过渡连接;其中,叶轮朝向进风口的一端位于风罩内。
在该技术方案中,沿进风方向,集流面的直径逐渐减小,进风口位于集流面的一端,集流面的另一端与第一内壁面光滑过渡连接,使得气流在进入叶轮的流道前建立起均匀的速度场和流体场,能有效提高风机效率。进一步地,叶轮朝向进风口的一端位于风罩内。具体地,集流面、第一内壁面和第二内壁面共同构成风罩的内壁面,风罩为薄壁结构。
在上述任一技术方案中,驱动结构还包括:轴承组件,轴承组件包括转轴和嵌套在转轴上的轴套,以及设置于轴套与转轴之间的多组滚动体,叶轮固设于转轴的一端;转子,固设于转轴的另一端。
在该技术方案中,驱动结构还包括轴承组件和转子,轴承组件包括轴套和多组滚动体,滚动体位于轴套和转轴之间,转轴穿过轴套和滚动体,一端连接叶轮,另一端连接转子,转子固定在转轴的下端部。进一步地,滚动体沿转轴的周向均匀的设置在轴套与转轴之间。
在上述任一技术方案中,轴套的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm;转轴上与轴套的配合区域的外径大于等于4mm小于等于6mm。
在该技术方案中,轴套的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm,相应地,转轴与轴套配合的区域的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm。轴套具有直径为13mm的外圆柱面,转轴与轴套轴向对应设置的部分具有直径为5mm的外圆柱面。
在上述任一技术方案中,盖板和第一凸部为薄壁结构,第一凸部限定出 第一安装腔,盖板限定出第二安装腔,第二安装腔内设置有安装部,安装部套设在转轴上,叶轮通过安装部固设于转轴上;其中,靠近叶轮的滚动体至少部分位于第二安装腔内。
在该技术方案中,盖板和第一凸部均为薄壁结构,从而第一凸部的内部限定出第一安装腔,盖板的内部限定出第二安装腔。薄壁结构可以保证叶轮成型时的收缩一致性,同时减小叶轮的转动惯量,提高效率,同时在轴向尺寸允许的前提下,使得支撑位尽可能的靠近叶轮的重心,可以减小叶轮不平衡量对轴承的影响,从而提高组件的可靠性。进一步地,第二安装腔内还设置有安装部,叶轮通过安装部固设于转轴上,同时,靠近叶轮的滚动体至少部分位于第二安装腔内。
在上述任一技术方案中,安装部上设置有通孔,通孔沿安装部的轴线方向设置。
在该技术方案中,安装部上还设置有通孔,通孔的直径小于安装部与驱动结构的安装孔的直径,并沿轴向贯穿安装部。通孔的设置,一方面在安装驱动结构时起到出气的作用,防止密闭孔造成装配误差;同时可以减少材料及转动惯量。具体地,转轴固定连接于安装孔内,转轴与安装孔的结合长度大于等于6mm小于等于10mm,在保证定位可靠性的前提下,充分利用轴向空间。
在上述任一技术方案中,滚动体的数量为两个。
在该技术方案中,滚动体的数量为两个,两个滚动体分别位于轴套的两端。
进一步地,两组滚动体之间的轴向跨距L在16mm~18mm之间。
进一步地,两组滚动体之间的轴向跨距L在10mm~12mm之间。
进一步地,转轴的外周面上轴向间隔地设置有两个沟槽,两个沟槽的跨距与滚动体的跨距L保持一致,两组滚动体分别设置在沟槽内。滚动体的滚道直接开在转轴上,可以省去轴承组件的内圈所占用的径向尺寸,在保持轴径不缩小的前提下,使得滚动体的中心距进一步缩小,可有效地提高轴承的极限转速。
滚动体的中心距为6.4mm。
轴套的内周面上轴向间隔地设置有两个沟槽,沟槽的跨距与滚动体跨距L保持一致,两组滚动体分别设置在沟槽内。滚动体的滚道直接开在轴套上,可以省去轴承组件的外圈所占用的径向尺寸,使得轴套具有更大的厚度,提高整体刚度;或进一步缩小轴套外径尺寸,减轻组件重量。
轴套两端内部分别固定设置有第一外圈和第二外圈,第一外圈和第二外圈的内周面上分别设置有沟槽,两组滚动体分别设置在沟槽内。这种结构的外圈和轴套为组装件,可以调节两外圈的轴向距离以控制游隙,施加预紧力,对轴套的加工精度要求有所降低。
转轴为直径为5mm的通轴,通轴上开设有若干沟槽,用于安装滚动体及容纳粘结剂。通轴的加工难度低于台阶轴,加工精度高于台阶轴,且可以避免台阶轴带来的退刀槽等容易产生应力集中的局部特征,提高轴的刚度和强度。
进一步地,滚动体及轴均为金属材质。金属材质的轴承组件可在150000rpm的工作转速下稳定运行,具有经济性。
进一步地,转轴为金属材质,滚动体为陶瓷材质。直径为5mm的金属通轴具有一定的刚度,可适用于大多数小型高速风机设计要求;搭配陶瓷球的轴承组件可在160000rpm~170000rpm的工作转速下稳定运行,可提高极限转速,同时具有一定的经济性。
两组滚动体具有相同的滚动子体个数,滚动子体个数为6个或7个。
在上述任一技术方案中,扩压器还包括:轴承座,套设在轴套上,收容于第一安装腔内,轴承座与第一凸部相连接,至少部分轴承座伸入第二安装腔内。
在该技术方案中,扩压器还包括轴承座,轴承座套设在轴套上,扩压器通过轴承座连接在转轴上,且至少部分轴承座伸入第二安装腔内。
在上述任一技术方案中,轴承座与内环臂之间设置有加强筋。
在该技术方案中,轴承座与内环臂之间沿周向均布地设置有若干个加强筋,以提高连接的可靠性。
在上述任一技术方案中,第一凸部、内环臂、外环臂和轴承座为一体式结构。
在该技术方案中,叶轮与风罩的同轴度必须通过轴承组件、轴承座、扩压器的第一缺口和风罩的第二缺口之间的尺寸链进行保证。同轴度的好坏会直接影响叶轮与风罩之间叶顶间隙的均匀性,从而影响效率。轴承座与内环臂、外环臂等特征一体设置为扩压器,可以使上述尺寸链集中在尽量少的配合零件上,从而保证装配性和高效率。
在上述任一技术方案中,转子包括:磁环,套设在转轴上;保护套,套设在磁环外部;其中,磁环与轴套之间沿转轴的轴向具有间隙。
在该技术方案中,转子包括形成为环形的磁环,以及固定套设在磁环外周面的保护套,磁环与轴固定连接在轴承组件的下方,磁环与轴套之间具有间隙,以防止滚动体被磁化而影响使用寿命。
在上述任一技术方案中,间隙大于等于3mm。
在该技术方案中,磁环端面与轴套端面之间保留至少3mm的轴向距离,防止滚动体被磁化,从而影响轴承组件的寿命。
进一步地,保护套具有一体成型的加强部和平衡部。具体地,加强部主要设置在磁环的外周面上,具有0.2mm~0.3mm的厚度,并通过旋压工艺固定在磁环的端面,保护磁环在高速运转时不解体;平衡部设置在磁环远离旋压部位的另一端,具有1mm左右的厚度,起到平衡去重的作用。一体化设计的保护套结构,可以减少零部件个数,简化装配工艺,降低成本。
平衡部设置在远离轴套的一侧,即平衡部设置在转子的端部。远离转子重心的平衡部去重方便,可以提高去重效率和可靠性。
平衡部设置在靠近轴套的一侧,即平衡部设置在轴承和磁环之间。靠近转子重心的平衡部可以缩短轴向长度,充分利用轴向空间。
保护套为非导磁材料。
在上述任一技术方案中,风机还包括:框架,与扩压器相连接,靠近出风口设置;定子总成通过框架和轴承座相连接,定子总成与框架之间具有第一流路,定子总成与转子之间具有第二流路,第一流路、第二流路与风道相连通。
在该技术方案中,定子总成设置在转子的径向外侧,并通过框架与轴承座固定连接。定子总成固定设置在扩压器的轴向下侧,至少部分定子总成位于风道内,以提高定子总成的散热效果。同时,定子总成与框架之间具 有第一流路,定子总成与转子之间具有第二流路,第一流路、第二流路与风道相连通,用以冷却流路上的发热零部件。
具体地,定子总成包括呈环形的定子轭部和沿周向间隔设置在定子轭部内侧并沿径向向内延伸的若干个定子齿部,定子齿部在径向内侧形成为内表面,与转子的外径间隙配合,并在轴向上与转子对应设置;定子总成还包括缠绕在轭部上的绕组,绕组最大径小于风道的最大径,最小径大于定子齿部的内表面。
进一步地,框架具有轴向上设置在外环臂下方的环形的外壳,外壳设置有定子安装部,向内固定收纳定子总成。外壳的内壁与绕组之间形成第一流路,用以将风道中的流体引出风机,同时冷却流路上的定子器件。同时,定转子之间的空间形成第二流路,第二流路通过定子总成上侧空间与风道贯通连接,将风道中的流体引入定子总成和转子之间,用以冷却流路上的发热零部件。
在上述任一技术方案中,风机还包括:控制板,设置于定子总成背离扩压器的一端,至少部分控制板位于第一流路和第二流路内。
在该技术方案中,风道中的气流通过第一流路和第二流路对定子总成和转子及电控板上的元器件进行冷却,同时,第一流路和第二流路位于风道的下方,即高速气体完成扩压后才被引入到其他发热元器件上进行冷却,因此不会影响风道内气流的状态,从而在保证效率的同时达到了整机良好的散热设计。
根据本申请的第二方面,还提出了一种电器设备,包括:如第一方面任一技术方案提出的风机。
本申请第二方面提供的电器设备,因包括上述任一技术方案提出的风机,因此具有风机的全部有益效果。
具体地,电器设备可以为吸尘器或空调器。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显,或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解,其中:
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的风机的剖视图;
图2示出了本申请一个实施例的扩压器的结构示意图;
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的扩压器的另一结构示意图;
图4示出了本申请一个实施例的叶轮的结构示意图;
图5示出了本申请一个实施例的叶轮的另一结构示意图;
图6示出了本申请一个实施例的叶轮的又一结构示意图;
图7示出了本申请一个实施例的风机的部分结构剖视图;
图8示出了本申请另一个实施例的风机的部分结构剖视图;
图9示出了本申请一个实施例的风机的爆炸结构示意图;
图10示出了本申请一个实施例的风机的另一爆炸结构示意图。
其中,图1至图10中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为:
1叶轮,10盖板,100第二安装腔,12第二叶片,120前缘,122后缘,124第二内端点,126第二外端点,14凸起部,16安装部,160安装孔,162通孔,2扩压器,20第一凸部,22内环臂,24外环臂,240第一缺口,26第一叶片,260入口端,262出口端,264第一内端点,266第一外端点,28第一安装腔,3风罩,30进风口,32出风口,34第一内壁面,36第二内壁面,360第二缺口,38集流面,4驱动结构,5定子总成,50定子轭部,52定子齿部,54绕组,56控制板,6轴承组件,60轴套,62滚动体,64第一外圈,66第二外圈,68转轴,7轴承座,70加强筋,8转子,80磁环,82保护套,820加强部,822平衡部,9框架,90外壳。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请,但是, 本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施,因此,本申请的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图10描述根据本申请一些实施例所述的风机和电器设备。
根据本申请的第一方面的一个实施例,本申请提出了一种风机,包括:驱动结构4;叶轮1,叶轮1包括盖板10,盖板10安装在驱动结构4上,盖板10向叶轮1的轴线方向凹陷,沿进风方向,盖板10的直径逐渐增大;风罩3,罩设在叶轮1上,风罩3上设置有进风口30和与进风口30相连通的出风口32;扩压器2,扩压器2位于叶轮1朝向出风口32的一端,扩压器2包括与驱动结构4相连接的第一凸部20,第一凸部20向风罩3方向凸起,且第一凸部20靠近盖板10的一端的直径小于远离盖板10的一端的直径,扩压器2还包括与第一凸部20相连接的内环臂22和套设在内环臂22外侧的外环臂24,外环臂24与风罩3光滑过渡连接,第一凸部20、内环臂22、外环臂24同轴设置;其中,风罩3、盖板10、扩压器2限定出风道,风道包括变截面部和等截面部,变截面部靠近进风口30设置,等截面部靠近出风口32设置。
如图1所示,本申请提供的风机,包括驱动结构4、风罩3、叶轮1和扩压器2,驱动结构4驱动叶轮1转动,以使气流由进风口30流向出风口32,扩压器2包括同轴设置的第一凸部20、内环臂22和外环臂24,第一凸部20靠近叶轮1设置,内环臂22与第一凸部20相连接且位于第一凸部20下方,外环臂24与内环臂22套设在一起,第一凸部20向风罩3方向凸起,且第一凸部20的直径逐渐增大,风罩3、叶轮1和扩压器2限定出风道,气流由进风口30经风道流向出风口32,叶轮1和风罩3之间构成的空间改变流体的方向及动能,在经过第一凸部20和风罩3之间构成的风道时,将动压转化成静压,同时,将流体向径向外侧及下方引导,整个风道中的气流流动十分顺畅,减小了冲击损失和分离损失,风罩3的壁面与扩压器2的壁面之间为光滑过渡连接,也即风罩3的壁面与扩压器2的壁面之间相连接的部分的直径相同,进一步地,风罩3的内壁面与扩压器2的内壁面之间为光滑过渡连接,以使气流经过风罩3和扩压器2的连接处时不会产生冲击,进而减小连接处的 冲击损失,提高风机的效率。
进一步地,风道包括变截面部和等截面部,变截面部靠近进风口30,等截面部靠近出风口32,且沿进风方向,变截面部的横截面积逐渐减小,等截面部的横截面积保持不变,变截面部和等截面部光滑过渡连接,以使气流在风道中流动十分顺畅,减小了冲击损失和分离损失。
进一步地,叶轮1与风罩3之间的空间构成变截面部,扩压器2和风罩3之间的空间构成等截面部。
进一步地,气流由进风口30大致沿驱动结构4的轴向进入风道,风道的中心线与驱动结构4的轴线之间的距离逐渐增大,以使气流经过风道时逐渐向驱动结构4的径向外侧及下方引导。
进一步地,风罩3、叶轮1和扩压器2均同轴设置,第一凸部20朝向风罩3的壁面为直径逐渐变大的光滑凸面。
具体地,图1中箭头所示方向为气流的流动方向。
在上述任一实施例中,驱动结构4包括:定子总成5,定子总成5相对于出风口32设置,以使由出风口32流出的风流直接吹向定子总成5。
在该技术方案中,驱动结构4包括定子总成5,定子总成5设置在出风口32处,进而由出风口32流出的风流直接吹向定子总成5,提高了定子总成5的散热效果。
在上述任一实施例中,盖板10朝向第一凸部20的一端的延伸方向与第一凸部20朝向盖板10的一端的延伸方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值。
在该实施例中,盖板10朝向第一凸部20的一端的延伸方向与第一凸部20朝向盖板10的一端的延伸方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,也即盖板10和第一凸部20,相靠近的两个端部中,经过第一凸部20的端部周线的切线,与经过盖板10的端部周线的切线之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,从而气流经过盖板10朝向第一凸部20的端部时的流动方向与气流经过第一凸部20朝向盖板10的端部时的流动方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值,第一阈值的取值可为-2°至2°之间,当然第一阈值也可以为其他较小的角度,也即第一凸部20的端部大致设置在盖板10的端部的切线方向上,进而使得第一凸部20与盖板10的端部之间的过渡较圆滑,气流经过 第一凸部20与盖板10的连接处时大大减小了冲击损失,进而提高了风机的效率。
进一步地,第一凸部20朝向进风口30的端部的直径大于等于叶轮1朝向出风口32的端部的直径,也即第一凸部20和叶轮1相靠近的两个端部中,第一凸部20的端部大于叶轮1的端部,使得气流由叶轮1流向第一凸部20时逐渐向驱动结构4的径向外侧及下方引导。
在上述任一实施例中,第一凸部20朝向进风口30的一端设置有环形的凹陷部,盖板10朝向扩压器2的一端设置有环形的凸起部14,凹陷部与凸起部14间隙配合。
如图1所示,在该实施例中,第一凸部20上设置有凹陷部,盖板10上设置有凸起部14,凹陷部与凸起部14相适配,由于盖板10高速旋转,而扩压器2固定设置,因此二者必须间隙配合,进一步地,凹陷部与凸起部14之间的间隙小于预定的阈值,也即凹陷部与凸起部14之间为小间隙配合,流体从盖板10向第一凸面流动时,难免会进入二者间隙中造成泄漏损失,小间隙配合可减小这种泄漏,从而提高效率;同时,凸起部14位于盖板10下方,可作为盖板10的平衡环进行平衡去重,而不再需要单独设置盖板10的平衡环,减少零部件个数,简化装配工艺,降低成本。
在上述任一实施例中,第一凸部20与内环臂22连接处的直径与内环臂22的外壁面的直径相同且光滑过渡连接。
在该实施例中,第一凸部20与内环臂22连接处的直径与内环臂22的外壁面之间的直径相同,进一步地,第一凸部20与内环臂22连接处为光滑过渡连接,进而减小气流经过第一凸部20与内环臂22之间的连接处时的冲击损失,进而提高风机的工作效率。
在上述任一实施例中,外环臂24背离驱动结构4轴线的一侧设置有第一缺口240,风罩3朝向驱动结构4轴线的一侧设置有与第一缺口240相适配的第二缺口360,第一缺口240和第二缺口360均为环形,且外环臂24朝向进风口30的一侧抵在第二缺口360的底部。
如图2所示,在该实施例中,外环臂24的外侧设置有第一缺口240,风罩3对应位置的内侧设置有第二缺口360,第一缺口240与第二缺口360 相配合,进一步地,沿第一凸部20的径向方向第二缺口360的深度等于外环臂24设置第一缺口240后的剩余厚度,以使连接后的风罩3和外环臂24之间光滑过渡连接,同时,通过第一缺口240和第二缺口360的配合,实现了风罩3和扩压器2的径向定位,保证了扩压器2与风罩3的同轴度。
进一步地,第一缺口240和第二缺口360均为环形,外环臂24朝向进风口30的一侧抵在第二缺口360的底部。
在该实施例中,第一缺口240和第二缺口360均为环形,进而提高了扩压器2与风罩3的连接的可靠性,外环臂24朝向进风口30的一侧抵在第二缺口360的底部,也即外环臂24的顶部抵在第二缺口360的槽底上,实现了扩压器2和风罩3的轴向定位,同时也保证了风罩3的内壁面和外环臂24的内壁面之间的光滑过渡连接,保证了介质流动的流畅性。
在上述任一实施例中,扩压器2还包括:第一叶片26,设置于内环臂22和外环臂24之间,第一叶片26沿扩压器2径向的两端分别贴合在内环臂22和外环臂24上,以使第一叶片26和内环臂22、外环臂24构成导风腔;其中,第一叶片26呈螺旋状,沿进风方向第一叶片26包括入口端260和出口端262,沿叶轮1的转动方向,入口端260位于出口端262之后。
如图2和图3所示,在该实施例中,扩压器2还包括第一叶片26,第一叶片26设置在内环臂22和外环臂24之间,其中,第一叶片26沿扩压器2的径向方向的两端分别贴合在内环臂22和外环臂24上,也即第一叶片26向扩压器2轴线方向延伸至内环臂22,向远离扩压器2轴线方向延伸至外环臂24,以使第一叶片26的根部贴合在内环臂22上,顶部贴合在外环臂24上,从而使得内环臂22、第一叶片26、外环臂24之间构成导风腔,且由内环臂22、外环臂24之间的环形空间和第一叶片26构成的导风腔相对密闭,气流进入导风腔内后,仅从导风腔的出口流出,避免了扩压过程中由于第一叶片26密封泄漏所产生的效率损失,同时也简化了装配工艺。其中,第一叶片26呈螺旋状,沿叶轮1的转动方向,入口端260位于出口端262之后,有利于减小气流流动的沿程损失和出口端262的冲击损失。
在上述任一实施例中,第一叶片26完全位于内环臂22和外环臂24之间 的风腔内。
在该实施例中,第一叶片26在轴向上完全位于导风腔内,也即第一叶片26完全位于内环臂22和外环臂24所组成的环形风腔内,可以保证第一叶片26入口端260和出口端262的气流均匀性,避免了其他结构对气流流动的影响。
在上述任一实施例中,入口端260的延伸方向与内环臂22的径向方向之间的夹角小于等于第二阈值;出口端262包括与内环臂22相连接的第一内端点264和与外环臂24相连接的第一外端点266,沿叶轮1的转动方向,第一内端点264位于第一外端点266的前方。
如图2所示,在该实施例中,入口端260的延伸方向即入口端260由内环臂22至外环臂24方向的延伸方向,入口端260的延伸方向与内环臂22的径向方向之间的夹角小于等于第二阈值,第二阈值的取值范围可视具体情况而定,比如-2°至2°或其他合适的值,也即入口端260大致设置在内环臂22的径向延长线方向上;出口端262的第一内端点264位于第一外端点266的前方,也即第一内端点264相对于第一外端点266前置。
在上述任一实施例中,沿扩压器2的轴线方向,入口端260为向叶轮1方向凸起的圆滑曲面,出口端262为向远离叶轮1方向凸起的圆滑曲面;沿叶轮1的旋转方向,第一叶片26的两个侧面中,位于前方的侧面向叶轮1的旋转方向凸起,位于后方的侧面向叶轮1的旋转方向凹陷。
在该实施例中,沿扩压器2的轴线方向,入口端260为向叶轮1方向凸起的圆滑曲面,出口端262为向远离叶轮1方向凸起的圆滑曲面,保证了入口端260的气流均匀性,和减小出口端262的冲击损失,沿叶轮1的旋转方向,第一叶片26的两个侧面中,位于前方的侧面,也即第一叶片26的压力面向叶轮1的旋转方向凸起,位于后方的侧面,也即第一叶片26的背压面向叶轮1的旋转方向凹陷,从而有利于减小气流流动的沿程损失,进而有利于提高风机的效率。
在上述任一实施例中,内环臂22、第一叶片26与外环臂24为一体式结构。
在该实施例中,内环臂22和外环臂24为圆环形,其中,外环臂24设 置在内环臂22径向外侧,螺旋式的第一叶片26设置在内环臂22和外环臂24之间,并与内环臂22和外环臂24相连接而形成一体式零件,由于第一叶片26的沿内环臂22径向方向的两端分别贴合在内环臂22和外环臂24上,使得第一叶片26与内环臂22和外环臂24作为一体式零件可以很容易地进行开模制作,而不需要使第一叶片26与内环臂22和外环臂24中的一个一体成型后再与另一个进行装配连接。一体式扩压器2的设置,可以在内环臂22和外环臂24相对设置的柱面与相邻两个第一叶片26相对设置的压力面和背压面间形成密封的导风腔,避免了扩压过程中由于第一叶片26泄漏所产生的效率损失,同时也简化了装配工艺。
在上述任一实施例中,第一叶片26的数量为多个,多个第一叶片26沿内环臂22的周向均布在内环臂22与外环臂24之间。
在该实施例中,第一叶片26的数量为多个,多个第一叶片26沿内环臂22的周向均布在内环臂22与外环臂24之间,进一步地,第一叶片26的数量为12个。
在上述任一实施例中,叶轮1还包括:第二叶片12,设置在盖板10上,第二叶片12位于风道内;其中,沿进风方向,第二叶片12包括靠近进风口30的前缘120和靠近出风口32的后缘122,沿叶轮1的旋转方向,前缘120位于后缘122前方。
如图4所示,在该实施例中,叶轮1还包括第二叶片12,盖板10的外壁面为光滑凹面,其中,气流由进风口30进入风道内,获得较为均匀的流场后,再经由前缘120进入相邻两个第二叶片12所组成的独立流道空间中,避免了进口端流场变化对第二叶片12间流体运动的影响,前缘120位于后缘122前方,使得相邻两个第二叶片12之间的流道空间的延伸方向与叶轮1的旋转方向相同。
进一步地,第二叶片12与盖板10的外壁面相交形成为叶片根部,第二叶片12向背离盖板10的外壁面方向延伸并在外径最大处形成为叶片顶部。
在上述任一实施例中,沿进风方向,盖板10的直径逐渐增大。
在该实施例中,沿进风方向,盖板10的直径逐渐增大,进一步地,盖板 10的外壁面为直径逐渐增大的光滑凹面。
在上述任一实施例中,前缘120的延伸方向与驱动结构4的轴线方向的夹角α在76°±2°范围内;后缘122位于凸起部14的外侧壁所构成的圆柱面上。
如图8所示,在该实施例中,前缘120所在的假象直线与盖板10的轴线之间的夹角α在76°±2°范围内,以使前缘120大致沿盖板10的径向方向设置,具体地,前缘120所在的假象直线与盖板10的轴线之间的夹角α大于等于74°小于等于78°;后缘122位于凸起部14的外侧壁所构成的圆柱面上,进而减小了气流经过后缘122时的冲击损失。
在上述任一实施例中,前缘120包括与盖板10相连接的第二内端点124和远离盖板10的第二外端点126,沿叶轮1的转动方向,第二外端点126位于第二内端点124之前,由出风口32至进风口30方向,第二内端点124位于第二外端点126之下,且第二外端点126位于盖板10朝向进风口30的端部和进风口30之下;后缘122包括与盖板10相连接的第三内端点和远离盖板10的第三外端点,第三内端点位于叶轮1朝向扩压器2的一端的周线上,由出风口32至进风口30方向,第三外端点位于第三内端点之上。
如图4至图7所示,在该实施例中,由于前缘120从前缘120根部开始,向盖板10的径向外侧及上方延伸,气流流入第二叶片12构成的流道时为倾斜方向流入,有效地控制了前缘120的风量和风压,减小了前缘120流体的损失,同时第二外端点126设置在第二内端点124上方,可以保证第二叶片12顶部的流线长度略大于第二叶片12根部的流线长度,使气流在后缘122处具有较为均匀的流动状态,具体地,第二内端点124和第二外端点126为第二叶片12的压力面上或背压面与盖板10的交接处的两个端点;第二外端点126位于盖板10朝向进风口30的端部和进风口30之下,避免了进入风道内的气流泄漏损失;后缘122与盖板10的连接处位于叶轮1朝向扩压器2的一端的周线上,以使气流平稳的流出第二叶片12构成的流道内,第三外端点位于第三内端点之上,合理地设置后缘122的倾斜角度,有利于减小出口端262的流体损失。
具体地,前缘120的延伸方向也即第二内端点124与第二外端点126之间的连线方向,后缘122的延伸方向也即后缘122的根部至后缘122的顶部的延 伸方向。
在上述任一实施例中,叶轮1在垂直于驱动结构4的轴线的平面上的投影中,第二内端点124和驱动结构4的轴心的连线与第二外端点126和驱动结构4的轴心的连线之间的夹角γ1大于等于0°小于等于5°。
如图5所示,在该实施例中,第二内端点124和轴心的连线,与第二外端点126与轴心的连线之间的夹角γ1大于等于0°小于等于5°,前缘120顶部小的前置角有利于贴合流体引流,同时保证叶轮1具有可制造性。
在上述任一实施例中,叶轮1在垂直于驱动结构4的轴线的平面上的投影中,第三内端点和驱动结构4的轴心的连线与第三外端点和驱动结构4的轴心的连线之间的夹角γ2大于等于-2°小于等于2°。
如图5所示,在该实施例中,合理地设置后缘122的倾斜角度,有利于减小叶轮1的出口的流体损失,可以减小叶轮1出口的间隙泄漏,减小叶轮1出口的二次流以及射流尾流的存在,提高了叶轮1效率。第三内端点和驱动结构4的轴心的连线与第三外端点和驱动结构4的轴心的连线之间的夹角γ2大于等于-2°小于等于2°,也即后缘122的顶部大致设置在后缘122的根部的轴向方向上。
在上述任一实施例中,前缘120向进风口30方向凸起,后缘122的长度小于前缘120的长度。
在该实施例中,前缘120为向进风口30方向凸起为圆滑曲面,光滑连接压力面和吸力面。第二叶片12向进风口30前伸并减薄,可在增加第二叶片12长度的同时减少相对扩散速度。后缘122的长度小于前缘120的长度,可以有效控制相邻第二叶片12间流道进出口面积的比值,减小流动的扩散损失,拓宽小流量工况下的高效区范围,同时可以降低气动噪音。
在上述任一实施例中,后缘122的长度与前缘120的长度的比值大于等于0.4小于等于0.46。
在该实施例中,合理地设置后缘122的长度,有利于减小出口端262的流体损失,可以减小叶轮1出口的间隙泄漏,减小叶轮1出口的二次流以及射流尾流的存在,提高了叶轮1效率。后缘122的长度与前缘120的长度的比值大于等于0.4小于等于0.46。
进一步地,前缘120的厚度小于后缘122的厚度。
在上述任一实施例中,第二叶片12远离叶轮1的轴线的一端与风罩3的内壁面之间具有第一间隙;其中,第一间隙由进风口30至出风口32方向等距设置,或第一间隙由进风口30至出风口32方向逐渐减小。
在该实施例中,由于叶轮1和风罩3相对高速旋转,因此二者间需间隙配合,保证间隙从上到下逐渐减小设置或从上到下等距设置,能够有效地提升风机效率。
在上述任一实施例中,第一间隙大于等于0.2mm小于等于0.3mm。
在该实施例中,第一间隙过大会严重影响风道效率,第一间隙过小会大幅提高装配难度。第一间隙选择在0.2mm~0.3mm之间最为合适。同时,由于前缘120长度大于后缘122长度,后缘122处第一间隙对效率的影响会大于前缘120处,因此,保证第一间隙从上到下逐渐减小设置,能够有效地提升风机效率。
在上述任一实施例中,第二叶片12的数量为多个,多个第二叶片12沿盖板10的周向均匀的设置在盖板10上。
在该实施例中,第二叶片12的数量为多个,多个第二叶片12沿盖板10的周向均匀的设置在盖板10上。
具体地,如图6所示,第二叶片12的根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:包角θ1在120°±3°范围内;第二叶片12顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:包角θ2在123°±3°范围内,具体地,第二叶片12的根部即为第二叶片12与盖板10的交接处,第二叶片12的顶部即为第二叶片12远离盖板10的一端,包角θ1为第二叶片12根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影的两个端点与轴心的连线的夹角,包角θ2为第二叶片12顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影的两个端点与轴心的连线的夹角。
θ2≥θ1。
具体地,第二叶片12包角越大,流道内的脱流和漩涡越小,流动更贴近第二叶片12型线,同样叶轮1直径下,叶轮1转速越高;但过大的第二叶片12包角会导致摩擦损失变大,高效点向小流量方向移动,同时会造成脱模困难。本申请中所给出的包角范围,可以使叶轮1在100000rpm~150000rpm的 转速范围内高效工作。
如图6所示,第二叶片12的根部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:进口安放角β1在23.5°±3°范围内;出口安放角β2在33.5±3°范围内;第二叶片12的顶部在垂直轴线方向的平面上的投影满足:进口安放角β3在0°~3°范围内;出口安放角β4在28.5±3°范围内。
具体地,进口安放角的选择会影响流体进入叶轮1流道时流态的好坏,合适的进口安放角可以减小第二叶片12根部进口的排挤作用,增大过流面积,同时避免吸力面进口端脱流严重,减小流量损失。出口安放角的选择会影响风机的真空度,减小出口安放角的同时减小叶轮1外径是提高离心风机效率的有效措施。由于本实施例的叶轮1工作转速可达到150000rpm,过大的叶轮1直径会造成结构强度不足,以及不平衡质量对转子总成的影响,但出口安放角过小,会影响产品的可制造性。选用上述进口安放角和出口安放角,可以使叶轮1在100000rpm~150000rpm的转速范围内进、出口流体状态保持均匀,减小流体损失,提高风机真空度及效率,同时减小叶轮1外径,保证强度及可制造性。
叶轮1最大直径不超过32mm。
如图8所示,盖板10的外壁面形成为圆滑凹面,盖板10的外壁面上端流入角δ1在4°±2°范围内,下端流出角δ2在57.5°±2°范围内。
第二叶片12的厚度从前缘120向后缘122逐渐增加,前缘120厚度与后缘122厚度比值不小于80%。
叶轮1上沿周向等间隔地分布有7个第二叶片12。
在上述任一实施例中,风罩3的内壁面包括与盖板10对应设置的第一内壁面34和与第一凸部20对应设置的第二内壁面36,第一内壁面34由风罩3外侧向风罩3的轴线方向凸起,第二内壁面36由风罩3的轴线向风罩3外侧方向凹陷;其中,第一内壁面34、第二内壁面36、盖板10的外壁面、第一凸部20的外壁面、内环臂22的外壁面、外环臂24的内壁面构成风道。
如图1所示,在该实施例中,风罩3的内壁面包括第一内壁面34和第二内壁面36,第一内壁面34与盖板10对应设置,第二内壁面36与第一凸部20对应设置,且第一内壁面34为光滑凸面,第二内壁面36为光滑凹面,以与盖板10和第一凸部20以及内环臂22和外环臂24构成变截面部 和等截面部,具体地,第一内壁面34、第二内壁面36、盖板10的外壁面、第一凸部20的外壁面、内环臂22的外壁面、外环臂24的内壁面构成风道。
在上述任一实施例中,沿进风方向,第一内壁面34的直径和第二内壁面36的直径逐渐增大。
在该实施例中,沿进风方向,风罩3的内壁面的直径逐渐增大。
在上述任一实施例中,第二内壁面36与外环臂24的连接处的直径与外环臂24的内壁面的直径相同;沿驱动结构4的轴线方向,第二内壁面36与外环臂24的连接处,和第一凸部20与内环臂22的连接处的高度差小于等于第三阈值。
如图1所示,在该实施例中,第二内壁面36与外环臂24的连接处的直径与外环臂24的内壁面的直径相同以使风罩3的内壁面与外环臂24之间光滑过渡连接,以减小气流的冲击损失,提高风机效率。沿驱动结构4的轴线方向,第二内壁面36与外环臂24的连接处,和第一凸部20与内环臂22的连接处的高度差小于等于第三阈值,第三阈值优选为0mm至5mm。也即第二内壁面36与外环臂24的连接处,和位于第一凸部20与内环臂22的连接处大致位于同一高度。
在上述任一实施例中,风罩3还包括:集流面38,沿进风方向,集流面38的直径逐渐减小,进风口30位于集流面38的一端,集流面38的另一端与第一内壁面34光滑过渡连接;其中,叶轮1朝向进风口30的一端位于风罩3内。
如图1所示,在该实施例中,沿进风方向,集流面38的直径逐渐减小,进风口30位于集流面38的一端,集流面38的另一端与第一内壁面34光滑过渡连接,使得气流在进入叶轮1的流道前建立起均匀的速度场和流体场,能有效提高风机效率。进一步地,叶轮1朝向进风口30的一端位于风罩3内。具体地,集流面38、第一内壁面34和第二内壁面36共同构成风罩3的内壁面,风罩3为薄壁结构。
在上述任一实施例中,驱动结构4还包括:轴承组件6,轴承组件6包括转轴68和嵌套在转轴68上的轴套60,以及设置于轴套60与转轴68之间的多组滚动体62,叶轮1固设于转轴68的一端;转子8,固设于转轴68的另 一端。
如图9和图10所示,在该实施例中,驱动结构4还包括轴承组件6和转子8,轴承组件6收容于第一安装腔28内,且部分伸入第二安装腔100内,轴承组件6包括轴套60和多组滚动体62,滚动体62位于轴套60和转轴68之间,转轴68穿过轴套60和滚动体62,一端连接叶轮1,另一端连接转子8,转子8固定在转轴68的下端部。进一步地,滚动体62沿转轴68的周向均匀的设置在轴套60与转轴68之间。
在上述任一实施例中,轴套60的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm;转轴68上与轴套60的配合区域的外径大于等于4mm小于等于6mm。
在该实施例中,轴套60的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm,相应地,转轴68与轴套60配合的区域的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm。轴套60具有直径为13mm的外圆柱面,转轴68与轴套60轴向对应设置的部分具有直径为5mm的外圆柱面。
在上述任一实施例中,盖板10和第一凸部20为薄壁结构,第一凸部20限定出第一安装腔28,盖板10限定出第二安装腔100,第二安装腔100内设置有安装部16,安装部16套设在转轴68上,叶轮1通过安装部16固设于转轴68上;其中,靠近叶轮1的滚动体62至少部分位于第二安装腔100内。
如图7和图8所示,在该实施例中,盖板10和第一凸部20均为薄壁结构,从而第一凸部20的内部限定出第一安装腔28,盖板10的内部限定出第二安装腔100。薄壁结构可以保证叶轮1成型时的收缩一致性,同时减小叶轮1的转动惯量,提高效率,同时在轴向尺寸允许的前提下,使得支撑位尽可能的靠近叶轮1的重心,可以减小叶轮1不平衡量对轴承的影响,从而提高组件的可靠性。进一步地,安装部16设置于第二安装腔100内且不超出第二安装腔100,盖板10通过安装部16安装在驱动结构4上,靠近叶轮1的滚动体62至少部分位于第二安装腔100内,有利于提高风机的效率。
在上述任一实施例中,安装部16上设置有通孔162,通孔162沿安装部16的轴线方向设置。
如图7所示,在该实施例中,安装部16上还设置有通孔162,通孔162 的直径小于安装部16与驱动结构4的安装孔160的直径,并沿轴向贯穿安装部16。通孔162的设置,一方面在安装驱动结构4时起到出气的作用,防止密闭孔造成装配误差;同时可以减少材料及转动惯量。转轴68固定连接于安装孔160内,转轴68与安装孔160的结合长度大于等于6mm小于等于10mm,在保证定位可靠性的前提下,充分利用轴向空间。
在上述任一实施例中,滚动体62的数量为两个。
如图7和图8所示,在该实施例中,滚动体62的数量为两个,两个滚动体62分别位于轴套60的两端,且靠近叶轮1的滚动体62至少部分位于第二安装腔100内。
进一步地,如图7所示,两组滚动体62之间的轴向跨距L在16mm~18mm之间。
进一步地,如图7所示,两组滚动体62之间的轴向跨距L在10mm~12mm之间。
进一步地,转轴68的外周面上轴向间隔地设置有两个沟槽,两个沟槽的跨距与滚动体62的跨距L保持一致,两组滚动体62分别设置在沟槽内。滚动体62的滚道直接开在轴上,可以省去轴承组件6的内圈所占用的径向尺寸,在保持轴径不缩小的前提下,使得滚动体62的中心距进一步缩小,可有效地提高轴承的极限转速。
滚动体62的中心距为6.4mm。
轴套60的内周面上轴向间隔地设置有两个沟槽,沟槽的跨距与滚动体62跨距L保持一致,两组滚动体62分别设置在沟槽内。滚动体62的滚道直接开在轴套60上,可以省去轴承组件6的外圈所占用的径向尺寸,使得轴套60具有更大的厚度,提高整体刚度;或进一步缩小轴套60外径尺寸,减轻组件重量。
如图2所示,轴套60两端内部分别固定设置有第一外圈64和第二外圈66,第一外圈64和第二外圈66的内周面上分别设置有沟槽,两组滚动体62分别设置在沟槽内。这种结构的外圈和轴套60为组装件,可以调节两外圈的轴向距离以控制游隙,施加预紧力,对轴套60的加工精度要求有所降低。
转轴68为直径为5mm的通轴,通轴上开设有若干沟槽,用于安装滚动体62及容纳粘结剂。通轴的加工难度低于台阶轴,加工精度高于台阶轴,且可以避免台阶轴带来的退刀槽等容易产生应力集中的局部特征,提高轴的刚度和强度。
进一步地,滚动体62及轴均为金属材质。金属材质的轴承组件6可在150000rpm的工作转速下稳定运行,具有经济性。
进一步地,转轴68为金属材质,滚动体62为陶瓷材质。直径为5mm的金属通轴具有一定的刚度,可适用于大多数小型高速风机设计要求;搭配陶瓷球的轴承组件6可在160000rpm~170000rpm的工作转速下稳定运行,可提高极限转速,同时具有一定的经济性。
两组滚动体62具有相同的滚动子体个数,滚动子体个数为6个或7个。
在上述任一实施例中,扩压器2还包括:轴承座7,套设在轴套60上,收容于第一安装腔28内,轴承座7与第一凸部20相连接,至少部分轴承座7伸入第二安装腔100内。
在该实施例中,扩压器2还包括:轴承座7,套设在轴套60上,收容于第一安装腔28内,轴承座7与第一凸部20相连接,且至少部分轴承座7伸入第二安装腔100内,提高了风机的效率。
在上述任一实施例中,轴承座7与内环臂22之间设置有加强筋70。
在该实施例中,轴承座7与内环臂22之间沿周向均布地设置有若干个加强筋70,以提高连接的可靠性。
在上述任一实施例中,第一凸部20、内环臂22、外环臂24和轴承座7为一体式结构。
在该实施例中,叶轮1与风罩3的同轴度必须通过轴承组件6、轴承座7、扩压器2的第一缺口240和风罩3的第二缺口360之间的尺寸链进行保证。同轴度的好坏会直接影响叶轮1与风罩3之间叶顶间隙的均匀性,从而影响效率。轴承座7与内环臂22、外环臂24等特征一体设置为扩压器2,可以使上述尺寸链集中在尽量少的配合零件上,从而保证装配性和高效率。
在上述任一实施例中,转子8包括:磁环80,套设在转轴68上;保护 套82,套设在磁环80外部;其中,磁环80与轴套60之间沿转轴68的轴向具有间隙。
如图7所示,在该实施例中,转子8包括形成为环形的磁环80,以及固定套设在磁环80外周面的保护套82,磁环80与轴固定连接在轴承组件6的下方,磁环80与轴套60之间具有间隙,以防止滚动体62被磁化而影响使用寿命。
在上述任一实施例中,间隙大于等于3mm。
在该实施例中,磁环80端面与轴套60端面之间保留至少3mm的轴向距离,防止滚动体62被磁化,从而影响轴承组件6的寿命。
进一步地,如图7所示,保护套82具有一体成型的加强部820和平衡部822。具体地,加强部820主要设置在磁环80的外周面上,具有0.2mm~0.3mm的厚度,并通过旋压工艺固定在磁环80的端面,保护磁环80在高速运转时不解体;平衡部822设置在磁环80远离旋压部位的另一端,具有1mm左右的厚度,起到平衡去重的作用。一体化设计的保护套82结构,可以减少零部件个数,简化装配工艺,降低成本。
平衡部822设置在远离轴套60的一侧,即平衡部822设置在转子8的端部。远离转子8重心的平衡部822去重方便,可以提高去重效率和可靠性。
平衡部822设置在靠近轴套60的一侧,即平衡部822设置在轴承和磁环80之间。靠近转子8重心的平衡部822可以缩短轴向长度,充分利用轴向空间。
保护套82为非导磁材料。
在上述任一实施例中,风机还包括:框架9,与扩压器2相连接,靠近出风口32设置;定子总成5通过框架9和轴承座7相连接,定子总成5与框架9之间具有第一流路,定子总成5与转子8之间具有第二流路,第一流路、第二流路与风道相连通。
如图10所示,在该实施例中,定子总成5设置在转子8的径向外侧,并通过框架9与轴承座7固定连接。定子总成5固定设置在扩压器2的轴向下侧,至少部分定子总成5位于风道内,以提高定子总成5的散热效果。 同时,定子总成5与框架9之间具有第一流路,定子总成5与转子8之间具有第二流路,第一流路、第二流路与风道相连通,用以冷却流路上的发热零部件。
具体地,如图9所示,定子总成5包括呈环形的定子轭部50和沿周向间隔设置在定子轭部50内侧并沿径向向内延伸的若干个定子齿部52,定子齿部52在径向内侧形成为内表面,与转子8的外径间隙配合,并在轴向上与转子8对应设置;定子总成5还包括缠绕在轭部上的绕组54,绕组54最大径小于风道的最大径,最小径大于定子齿部52的内表面。
进一步地,框架9具有轴向上设置在外环臂24下方的环形的外壳90,外壳90设置有定子安装部16,向内固定收纳定子总成5。外壳90的内壁与绕组54之间形成第一流路,用以将风道中的流体引出风机,同时冷却流路上的定子器件。同时,定转子8之间的空间形成第二流路,第二流路通过定子总成5上侧空间与风道贯通连接,将风道中的流体引入定子总成5和转子8之间,用以冷却流路上的发热零部件。
在上述任一实施例中,风机还包括:控制板56,设置于定子总成5背离扩压器2的一端,至少部分控制板56位于第一流路和第二流路内。
如图10所示,在该实施例中,风道中的气流通过第一流路和第二流路对定子总成5和转子8及电控板上的元器件进行冷却,同时,第一流路和第二流路位于风道的下方,即高速气体完成扩压后才被引入到其他发热元器件上进行冷却,因此不会影响风道内气流的状态,从而在保证效率的同时达到了整机良好的散热设计。
具体地,本申请一种实施例的风机,在不改变整机结构的前提下,根据不同的设计要求,通过调整输入的电参数,可以使该风机高效地工作在100000rpm~150000rpm的转速范围内。
通过对采用上述实施例的风机进行测试,得到如表1所示的测试结果。由表可知,针对不同功率段的设计要求,本实施例的风机可以通过自平衡进行转速调节,并可以在100000rpm~150000rpm的转速范围高效运行。在550W大吸力时,可以稳定运行在150000rpm,并获得高于52.5%的整机效率,同时向下覆盖至200W,效率高于54.5%。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019114134-appb-000001
根据本申请的第二方面,还提出了一种电器设备(图中未示出),包括:如第一方面任一实施例提出的风机。
本申请第二方面提供的电器设备,因包括上述任一实施例提出的风机,因此具有风机的全部有益效果。
具体地,电器设备可以为吸尘器或空调器。
在本申请中,术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上,除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解,例如,“连接”可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;“相连”可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中,术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中,对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且,描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合 适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种风机,其中,包括:
    驱动结构;
    叶轮,所述叶轮包括盖板,所述盖板安装在所述驱动结构上,所述盖板向所述叶轮的轴线方向凹陷,沿进风方向,所述盖板的直径逐渐增大;
    风罩,罩设在所述叶轮上,所述风罩上设置有进风口和与所述进风口相连通的出风口;
    扩压器,所述扩压器位于所述叶轮朝向所述出风口的一端,所述扩压器包括与所述驱动结构相连接的第一凸部,所述第一凸部向所述风罩方向凸起,且所述第一凸部靠近所述盖板的一端的直径小于远离所述盖板的一端的直径,所述扩压器还包括与所述第一凸部相连接的内环臂和套设在所述内环臂外侧的外环臂,所述外环臂与所述风罩光滑过渡连接,所述第一凸部、所述内环臂、所述外环臂同轴设置;
    其中,所述风罩、所述盖板、所述扩压器限定出风道,所述风道包括变截面部和等截面部,所述变截面部靠近所述进风口设置,所述等截面部靠近所述出风口设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的风机,其中,所述驱动结构包括:
    定子总成,所述定子总成相对于所述出风口设置,以使由所述出风口流出的风流直接吹向所述定子总成。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的风机,其中,
    所述盖板朝向所述第一凸部的一端的延伸方向与所述第一凸部朝向所述盖板的一端的延伸方向之间的夹角小于等于第一阈值。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的风机,其中,
    所述第一凸部朝向所述进风口的一端设置有环形的凹陷部,所述盖板朝向所述扩压器的一端设置有环形的凸起部,所述凹陷部与所述凸起部间隙配合。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的风机,其中,
    所述第一凸部与所述内环臂连接处的直径与所述内环臂的外壁面的直径相同且光滑过渡连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的风机,其中,
    所述外环臂背离所述驱动结构轴线的一侧设置有第一缺口,所述风罩朝向所述驱动结构轴线的一侧设置有与所述第一缺口相适配的第二缺口;
    所述第一缺口和所述第二缺口均为环形,且所述外环臂朝向所述进风口的一侧抵在所述第二缺口的底部。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的风机,其中,所述扩压器还包括:
    第一叶片,设置于所述内环臂和所述外环臂之间,所述第一叶片沿所述扩压器径向的两端分别贴合在所述内环臂和所述外环臂上,以使所述第一叶片和所述内环臂、外环臂构成导风腔;
    其中,所述第一叶片呈螺旋状,沿进风方向所述第一叶片包括入口端和出口端,沿所述叶轮的转动方向,所述入口端位于所述出口端之后。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的风机,其中,
    所述第一叶片完全位于所述内环臂和所述外环臂之间的风腔内。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的风机,其中,
    所述入口端的延伸方向与所述内环臂的径向方向之间的夹角小于等于第二阈值;
    所述出口端包括与所述内环臂相连接的第一内端点和与所述外环臂相连接的第一外端点,沿所述叶轮的转动方向,所述第一内端点位于所述第一外端点的前方。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的风机,其中,
    沿所述扩压器的轴线方向,所述入口端为向所述叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面,所述出口端为向远离所述叶轮方向凸起的圆滑曲面;
    沿所述叶轮的旋转方向,所述第一叶片的两个侧面中,位于前方的侧面向所述叶轮的旋转方向凸起,位于后方的侧面向所述叶轮的旋转方向凹陷。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的风机,其中,
    所述内环臂、所述第一叶片与所述外环臂为一体式结构;和/或
    所述第一叶片的数量为多个,多个所述第一叶片沿所述内环臂的周向均布在所述内环臂与所述外环臂之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的风机,其中,所述叶轮还包括:
    第二叶片,设置在所述盖板上,所述第二叶片位于所述风道内;
    其中,沿进风方向,所述第二叶片包括靠近所述进风口的前缘和靠近所述出风口的后缘,沿所述叶轮的旋转方向,所述前缘位于所述后缘前方。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的风机,其中,
    所述前缘的延伸方向与所述驱动结构的轴线方向的夹角在76°±2°范围内;
    所述后缘位于所述凸起部的外侧壁所构成的圆柱面上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的风机,其中,
    所述前缘包括与所述盖板相连接的第二内端点和远离所述盖板的第二外端点,沿所述叶轮的转动方向,所述第二外端点位于所述第二内端点之前,由所述出风口至所述进风口方向,所述第二内端点位于所述第二外端点之下,且所述第二外端点位于所述盖板朝向所述进风口的端部和所述进风口之下;
    所述后缘包括与所述盖板相连接的第三内端点和远离所述盖板的第三外端点,所述第三内端点位于所述叶轮朝向所述扩压器的一端的周线上,由所述出风口至所述进风口方向,所述第三外端点位于所述第三内端点之上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的风机,其中,
    所述叶轮在垂直于所述驱动结构的轴线的平面上的投影中,所述第二内端点和所述驱动结构的轴心的连线与所述第二外端点和所述驱动结构的轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于0°小于等于5°;和/或
    所述叶轮在垂直于所述驱动结构的轴线的平面上的投影中,所述第三内端点和所述驱动结构的轴心的连线与所述第三外端点和所述驱动结构的轴心的连线之间的夹角大于等于-2°小于等于2°;和/或
    所述前缘向所述进风口方向凸起,所述后缘的长度小于所述前缘的长度。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的风机,其中,
    所述第二叶片远离所述叶轮的轴线的一端与所述风罩的内壁面之间具有第一间隙;
    其中,所述第一间隙由所述进风口至所述出风口方向等距设置,或所述第一间隙由所述进风口至所述出风口方向逐渐减小。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的风机,其中,
    所述第一间隙大于等于0.2mm小于等于0.3mm;和/或
    所述第二叶片的数量为多个,多个所述第二叶片沿所述盖板的周向均匀地设置在所述盖板上。
  18. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的风机,其中,
    所述风罩的内壁面包括与所述盖板对应设置的第一内壁面和与所述第一凸部对应设置的第二内壁面,所述第一内壁面由所述风罩外侧向所述风罩的轴线方向凸起,所述第二内壁面由所述风罩的轴线向所述风罩外侧方向凹陷,沿进风方向,所述第一内壁面的直径和所述第二内壁面的直径逐渐增大;
    其中,所述第一内壁面、所述第二内壁面、所述盖板的外壁面、所述第一凸部的外壁面、所述内环臂的外壁面、所述外环臂的内壁面构成所述风道。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的风机,其中,
    所述第二内壁面与所述外环臂的连接处的直径与所述外环臂的内壁面的直径相同;
    沿所述驱动结构的轴线方向,所述第二内壁面与所述外环臂的连接处,和所述第一凸部与所述内环臂的连接处的高度差小于等于第三阈值。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的风机,其中,所述风罩还包括:
    集流面,沿进风方向,所述集流面的直径逐渐减小,所述进风口位于所述集流面的一端,所述集流面的另一端与所述第一内壁面光滑过渡连接;
    其中,所述叶轮朝向所述进风口的一端位于所述风罩内。
  21. 根据权利要求2至6中任一项所述的风机,其中,所述驱动结构还包括:
    轴承组件,所述轴承组件包括转轴和嵌套在所述转轴上的轴套,以及设置于所述轴套与所述转轴之间的多组滚动体,所述叶轮固设于所述转轴的一端;
    转子,固设于所述转轴的另一端。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的风机,其中,
    所述轴套的外径大于等于12mm小于等于14mm;
    所述转轴上与所述轴套的配合区域的外径大于等于4mm小于等于6mm。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的风机,其中,
    所述盖板和所述第一凸部为薄壁结构,所述第一凸部限定出第一安装腔, 所述盖板限定出第二安装腔,所述第二安装腔内设置有安装部,所述安装部套设在所述转轴上,所述叶轮通过所述安装部固设于所述转轴上;
    其中,靠近所述叶轮的所述滚动体至少部分位于所述第二安装腔内。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的风机,其中,所述扩压器还包括:
    轴承座,套设在所述轴套上,收容于所述第一安装腔内,所述轴承座与所述第一凸部相连接,至少部分所述轴承座伸入所述第二安装腔内。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的风机,其中,
    所述第一凸部、所述内环臂、所述外环臂和所述轴承座为一体式结构。
  26. 根据权利要求21所述的风机,其中,所述转子包括:
    磁环,套设在所述转轴上;
    保护套,套设在所述磁环外部;
    其中,所述磁环与所述轴套之间沿所述转轴的轴向具有间隙。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的风机,其中,还包括:
    框架,与所述扩压器相连接,靠近所述出风口设置,所述定子总成通过所述框架和所述轴承座相连接,且所述定子总成与所述框架之间具有第一流路,所述定子总成与所述转子之间具有第二流路,所述第一流路、所述第二流路与所述风道相连通。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的风机,其中,还包括:
    控制板,设置于所述定子总成背离所述扩压器的一端,至少部分所述控制板位于所述第一流路和所述第二流路内。
  29. 一种电器设备,其中,包括:
    如权利要求1至28中任一项所述的风机。
PCT/CN2019/114134 2019-08-09 2019-10-29 风机和电器设备 WO2021027079A1 (zh)

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