WO2021026967A1 - 一种血糖测量探头和血糖测量装置和方法 - Google Patents

一种血糖测量探头和血糖测量装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021026967A1
WO2021026967A1 PCT/CN2019/103122 CN2019103122W WO2021026967A1 WO 2021026967 A1 WO2021026967 A1 WO 2021026967A1 CN 2019103122 W CN2019103122 W CN 2019103122W WO 2021026967 A1 WO2021026967 A1 WO 2021026967A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
probe
blood glucose
finger
glucose measurement
heat
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PCT/CN2019/103122
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
唐飞
耿占潇
邱赞
王晓浩
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博邦芳舟医疗科技（北京）有限公司
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Publication of WO2021026967A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021026967A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
    • A61B5/14532—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of blood glucose measurement, in particular to a blood glucose measurement probe and blood glucose measurement device and method.
  • Non-invasive blood glucose testing methods is the metabolic heat integration method, which measures blood glucose by testing parameters related to human metabolism. Cho O K published a document Cho, OK, et al. (2004) in 2004. "Noninvasive measurement of glucose by metabolic heat conformation method" Clinical Chemistry 50(10): 1894-1898, proposing to pass the test of skin temperature, blood Flow rate, blood oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration to test blood sugar.
  • US2006/0094941 discloses a blood glucose testing device and method based on thermal and optical sensors.
  • the structure of the device is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, where 21 is a flat or thin plate with good thermal conductivity, 22 is a heat conducting device, 23 and 24 are thermistors, 33 is an optical fiber, 31 is 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d is an optical fiber, 36a, 36b, and 36c are LEDs, 38 is a photoelectric sensor or light receiver, 40 is a photodiode (light receiver), and 25, 26, 27, and 28 are radiation temperature sensors.
  • the finger is placed above the above-mentioned device and is in contact with the flat plate or thin plate 21.
  • the radiation temperature sensor measures the temperature of the finger; the light receiver measures the light intensity of the light emitted by the LED after passing through the finger, which is used to test the hemoglobin concentration and blood oxygen saturation; the thermistor at both ends of the heat conducting rod changes with the temperature.
  • the problems with the blood glucose monitoring device and method of US2006/0094941 are as follows: 1. It does not consider the heat emitted by the human body through the evaporation route; 2. During the test, a small area after the finger is in contact with the above device, and other parts are exposed outside. Bring a lot of interference to the test.
  • the main problems of the current non-invasive blood glucose monitoring methods are: the content of blood sugar is very low, and substances with high content such as hemoglobin and water will cause greater interference in non-invasive blood glucose testing.
  • the existing blood glucose measurement device is used. And the blood glucose measured by the method is not accurate enough.
  • the present disclosure provides a blood glucose measurement probe.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe includes: a probe lower shell, a probe upper shell, a torsion spring, a finger receiving component, a temperature sensor, a heat conduction rod, and first thermal sensors located at the upper and lower ends of the heat conduction rod. Resistor and second thermistor, photoelectric receiver, light emitting diode (LED), and humidity sensor;
  • the lower probe shell is connected to the upper probe shell through the torsion spring and a connecting shaft located at the center of the torsion spring, and the lower probe shell and the upper probe shell are connected with the finger receiving assembly, wherein , One end of the torsion spring is in contact or fixed connection with the probe lower shell, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed or in contact with the probe upper shell;
  • the temperature sensor is configured to measure ambient temperature and finger temperature
  • the finger receiving component is configured to: receive a finger
  • the heat conducting rod is arranged perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the finger receiving component, and is arranged to transfer finger heat to the first thermistor and the second thermistor;
  • the LED and the photoelectric receiver are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the finger accommodating assembly, and are arranged opposite to each other.
  • the LED is configured to emit light;
  • the photoelectric receiver is configured to receive the light emitted by the LED. The remaining light after passing the finger;
  • the humidity sensor is configured to measure environmental humidity and finger humidity.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe further includes a probe connection line, wherein:
  • the temperature sensor, the first thermistor, the second thermistor, the photoelectric receiver, the LED, and the humidity sensor are all connected with the connector on the bottom plate of the blood glucose measuring probe
  • the probe connecting wire is electrically connected;
  • the probe connecting wire is electrically connected with the power supply and the processor.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe further includes a protective wire sleeve pressing block, which is configured to: after connecting the probe connecting wire with the connector, the probe connecting wire is sealed.
  • the blood glucose measuring probe also includes: a heat sink, wherein,
  • the heat sink is arranged to be separated from the heat conducting rod after the finger is put in the blood glucose measuring probe, and the finger is taken out of the blood glucose measuring probe to contact the heat conducting rod to dissipate heat for the heat conducting rod.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe further includes a thermally conductive rod support, one end of the thermally conductive rod support is fixed on the heat sink, and is configured to support the thermally conductive rod.
  • the heat conducting rod support member is fixed on the heat sink by a buckle.
  • the finger receiving component includes an upper silicone pad and a lower silicone pad
  • the upper silicone pad is fixed to the probe upper shell through an upper silicone pad adhesive plate
  • the lower silicone pad is fixed to the probe upper shell through a lower silicone pad adhesive plate.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe further includes an elastic sheet and a compression spring, wherein,
  • One end of the elastic sheet is fixedly connected to the upper silicone pad adhesive plate, and the other end is fixedly connected to the probe upper shell;
  • the compression spring is located inside the heat transfer rod support, one end of the compression spring presses the heat transfer rod support, and the other end presses the heat transfer rod, and the compression spring causes the heat transfer rod to dissipate heat.
  • the pieces are in close contact.
  • one end of the heat sink is fixedly connected to the other end of the thermally conductive rod support, the other end is fixedly connected to the lower silicone pad adhesive board, and the lower silicone pad adhesive board is fixedly connected to the probe lower shell;
  • the heat-conducting rod protrudes from the surface of the lower silicone pad before the finger is put into the finger-receiving component. After the finger is placed in the finger-receiving component, it moves downward due to being pressed.
  • the compression spring provides the heat-conducting rod and the finger The force required for close contact.
  • the temperature sensor is an infrared radiation temperature sensor, and is further configured to send the measured temperature to the processor.
  • the first thermistor and the second thermistor are further configured to send the respective measured heat to the processor, so that the processor measures the blood flow rate of the human body according to temperature changes.
  • the LED is a 4-band LED, and the LED emits light of 660 nm, 730 nm, 805 nm and 940 nm in sequence.
  • the humidity sensor is further configured to send the measured environmental humidity and finger humidity to the processor, so that the processor can calculate the heat emitted by the human body through evaporation according to the environmental humidity and the finger humidity.
  • the present disclosure also discloses a blood glucose measurement device, which includes any of the above blood glucose measurement probes, and further includes a processor, which is electrically connected to the probe connection line of the blood glucose measurement probe, and is configured to: receive the blood glucose measurement probe Various signals are sent, and the blood glucose of the human body is measured according to various signals received from the blood glucose measuring probe.
  • a processor which is electrically connected to the probe connection line of the blood glucose measurement probe, and is configured to: receive the blood glucose measurement probe Various signals are sent, and the blood glucose of the human body is measured according to various signals received from the blood glucose measuring probe.
  • the present disclosure includes: a blood glucose measurement probe, the blood glucose measurement probe includes: a probe lower shell, a probe upper shell, a torsion spring, a finger receiving component, a temperature sensor, a heat conduction rod, and first thermal sensors respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the heat conduction rod A resistor and a second thermistor, a photoelectric receiver, a light emitting diode (LED), and a humidity sensor; wherein the lower probe housing passes through the torsion spring and the connecting shaft located at the center of the torsion spring and the upper probe housing
  • the lower probe shell and the upper probe shell are connected to the finger receiving assembly, wherein one end of the torsion spring is in contact or fixed connection with the lower probe shell, and the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the
  • the upper shell of the probe is fixedly connected or connected in contact;
  • the temperature sensor is configured to measure the ambient temperature and the temperature of the finger;
  • the finger receiving component is configured to accommodate the finger;
  • the heat conducting rod is arranged
  • a humidity sensor is added to test the humidity of the environment and the humidity of the human skin surface, and then calculate the heat dissipation of the human body through the evaporation route, thereby improving the accuracy of the non-invasive blood glucose test.
  • the finger is completely wrapped by the probe during the test, so as to ensure the stability of the test process, thereby making the measured blood glucose more accurate.
  • the overall structure of the probe of the embodiment of the present disclosure can adapt to fingers of different thicknesses.
  • the probe of the embodiment of the present disclosure has a simple structure, easy processing and production of parts, and easy assembly and disassembly; the upper part of the finger receiving assembly has an elastic cantilever structure and one end is sunk. This elastic design can offset the pressure of the fingers on the lower device of the finger receiving assembly.
  • the elastic fixing part of the heat transfer rod is a cylindrical compression spring structure so that the movement of the heat transfer rod away from the heat sink after contact with the finger occurs only in the vertical direction, so that the heat transfer rod can It fits the finger better, which can effectively eliminate the influence of the floating of the thermal conductive rod on data collection and ensure the consistency of accurate physiological data collection every time.
  • Figure 1 is one of the structure diagrams of the existing blood glucose measuring device
  • Figure 2 is the second structural diagram of the existing blood glucose measuring device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a blood glucose measurement probe according to an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-section A-A of FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shrapnel of an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the heat conducting rod, the heat sink, the heat conducting rod support and the compression spring according to the embodiments of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the upper shell of the probe, the upper contact pad sticking plate, and the elastic sheet according to the embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe includes: a probe lower shell 1, a probe upper shell 4, a probe connecting wire 3, a finger receiving component 20, a temperature sensor 5, and a thermal conductivity Rod 7, the first thermistor 8 and the second thermistor 8'respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the heat-conducting rod, the photoelectric receiver 9, the light-emitting diode Light Emitting Diode, the LED10, the humidity sensor 16, the heat sink 17, and the heat-conducting rod support Piece 18.
  • the lower probe shell 1 is connected through the torsion spring 11, the connecting shaft 21 and the upper probe shell 4; the lower probe shell 1 and the upper probe shell 4 are connected to the finger receiving assembly 20 by screws or other means, wherein one end of the torsion spring 11 is connected to the lower probe
  • the shell 1 is connected in contact or fixedly, and the other end of the torsion spring 11 is fixedly connected or connected in contact with the upper shell 4 of the probe.
  • the contact connection refers to pressing against the probe lower shell 1 or the probe upper shell 4 by elastic force.
  • one end of the torsion spring 11 with two legs is installed and fixed to the probe upper shell 4, and the other end of the torsion spring 11 relies on The elastic force rests on the lower probe shell 1; or, one end of the torsion spring 11 with two legs is fixed to the lower probe shell 1, and the other end of the torsion spring 11 rests against the upper probe shell 4 by elastic force; or, the torsion spring Both ends of the torsion spring 11 are pressed against the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 1 of the probe by elastic force; or, both ends of the torsion spring 11 are fixedly connected to the upper shell 4 and the lower shell 1 of the probe.
  • the temperature sensor 5 is located above or below the finger receiving component 20, generally located below the finger receiving component 20, and is used to measure the temperature of the finger, and may or may not be in contact with the finger.
  • the temperature sensor 5 may be an infrared radiation temperature sensor. When the temperature sensor 5 is an infrared radiation temperature sensor, it does not contact a finger and measures the radiation temperature of the skin through an infrared radiation signal. The temperature sensor 5 can send the temperature measured by it to the processor connected to the blood glucose measurement probe.
  • the heat conducting rod 7 is located above or below the finger receiving component 20, generally located below the finger receiving component 20, and is arranged perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the finger receiving component 20, and is used to contact the finger and heat the finger To the first thermistor 8 and the second thermistor 8', the first thermistor 8 and the second thermistor 8'send the respective measured heat to the blood glucose measuring probe A processor, so that the processor measures the blood flow rate of the human body according to the temperature changes of the thermistors 8 and 8'located at the upper and lower ends of the heat conducting rod 7.
  • the LED 10 and the photoelectric receiver 9 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the finger receiving assembly 20.
  • the LED 10 is used to emit light of a specific wavelength, the light passes through the finger, and the remaining light is received by the photoelectric receiver 9. Because of the fluctuation of the human body’s pulse, the light received by the photoelectric receiver 9 through the finger is strong and weak.
  • the intensity of the light received by the photoelectric receiver 9 can measure the human’s pulse, blood oxygen saturation and Hemoglobin.
  • the LED 10 may be a 4-band LED.
  • the LED 10 sends the light signal it emits to the processor connected to the blood glucose measurement probe, and the photoelectric receiver 9 also sends the light signal it receives to the processor.
  • the wavelength of the light emitted by the LED 10 may be any one or more of 660 nm, 730 nm, 805 nm and 940 nm light.
  • the LED 10 can emit light of 660 nm, 730 nm, 805 nm and 940 nm in sequence, and calculate the blood oxygen saturation, pulse and hemoglobin through the comprehensive information of 4 wavelengths, or directly calculate blood glucose through light intensity information.
  • the humidity sensor 16 is located above or below the finger receiving component 20, generally located below the finger receiving component 20, and is used to measure the environmental humidity and also to measure the humidity of the finger, and send the environmental humidity and the measured finger humidity
  • a processor connected to the blood glucose measuring probe is provided for the processor to calculate the heat emitted by the human body according to the environmental humidity and the humidity of the finger.
  • the humidity sensor may not be in contact with the finger. After the finger is placed in the probe, the humidity sensor 16, the lower contact pad, and the finger will form a semi-closed space, so that the humidity of the finger can be measured.
  • the heat sink 17 is separated from the heat conduction rod 7 after the finger is put in the probe, and the finger is taken out to contact the heat conduction rod 7 to dissipate heat for the heat conduction rod 7, specifically, to remove the heat conduction rod 7 after a test is completed.
  • the remaining heat is dissipated as soon as possible, so that the temperature of the heat conducting rod 7 and the ambient temperature can reach equilibrium as soon as possible, so that the next test can be started.
  • One end of the heat-conducting rod support 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the heat sink 17 by a buckle or other means, and is used to support the heat-conducting rod 7.
  • the temperature sensor 5, the first thermistor 8 and the second thermistor 8'respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the heat-conducting rod, the photoelectric receiver 9, the LED 10, and the humidity sensor 16 all pass through the connector on the bottom plate of the probe and the The probe connecting wire 3 is electrically connected.
  • the probe connecting wire 3 can be located at any position of the probe.
  • the probe connecting wire 3 in the figure is located on the left side of the probe.
  • the probe connecting wire 3 is electrically connected to the power supply and the processor.
  • the probe connection line 3 has both a power line and a data line. There are analog signals and digital signals transmitted in the data line.
  • the digital signals are directly connected to the processor, and the analog signals are connected to the processor after the processing circuit. Among them, there can be 14 wires in the probe connecting wires.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe further includes a protective wire cover pressing block 2 for connecting the probe connecting wire 3 with the connector on the bottom plate of the probe and then sealing the probe connecting wire 3 to achieve Fix the probe connecting wire 3 and decorative function.
  • the finger receiving assembly 20 includes an upper contact pad 15 and a lower contact pad 13.
  • the upper contact pad 15 and the lower contact pad 13 may be silicone pads.
  • the upper contact pad 15 is fixed to the upper silicone pad adhesive plate 14
  • the probe upper shell 4, the lower contact pad 13 is fixed to the probe lower shell 4 through the lower silicone pad sticking board 12.
  • the lower contact pad 13 may be M-shaped.
  • One end of the heat sink 17 is fixedly connected to the other end of the thermally conductive rod support 18 by a buckle or other means, the other end of the heat sink 17 is fixedly connected to the lower silicone pad adhesive plate 12 by screws or other methods, and the lower silicone pad adhesive plate 12 It is fixedly connected to the lower probe housing 1 by screws or other means.
  • the blood glucose measurement probe also includes an elastic sheet 6 and a compression spring 19. As shown in FIG. 7, one end of the elastic sheet 6 is connected to the upper silicone pad adhesive plate 14 by two screws or other means, and the other end is connected to the upper silicone pad adhesive plate 14 by two screws or other means.
  • the upper shell 4 of the probe is connected, and the upper silicone pad assembly (including the upper silicone pad adhesive plate 14 and the upper contact pad 15) is mounted on the upper shell 4 of the probe in the form of a cantilever through the elastic sheet 6.
  • the elastic sheet 6 can be fixed by screws or other methods To the lower probe shell 1 or the upper probe shell 4.
  • the shape of the shrapnel 6 is concave-like.
  • the compression spring 19 may be a cylindrical compression spring.
  • One end of the compression spring 19 is pressed against the lower end of the heat conducting rod 7 and the other end is pressed against the heat conducting rod support 18 to provide the force required for the heat conducting rod 7 to be in close contact with the fingers.
  • the heat conduction rod 7 protrudes from the surface of the lower contact pad 13 before the finger is put in the probe. After the finger is put in, press the heat conduction rod 7 to move the heat conduction rod 7 downward.
  • the cylindrical compression spring 19 provides the heat conduction rod 7 and the fingers for close contact. force. The force or interaction among the torsion spring 11, the elastic piece 6 and the compression spring 19 is balanced, so that the probe can adapt to fingers of different sizes.
  • the compression spring 19 is inside the heat-conducting rod support 18, one end presses the heat conduction rod support 18, and the other end presses the heat conduction rod 7.
  • the tension of the compression spring 19 makes the heat-conducting rod 7 and the heat sink 17 closely contact.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also discloses a blood glucose measurement method, which is applied to the above blood glucose measurement probe, and the probe needs to be placed on a flat tabletop during blood glucose testing.
  • a blood glucose measurement method which is applied to the above blood glucose measurement probe, and the probe needs to be placed on a flat tabletop during blood glucose testing.
  • the shrapnel 6 When fingers of different thicknesses are inserted into the probe, the shrapnel 6 will undergo different deformations, driving the upper contact pad 15 and the LED 10 to move, adapting to fingers of different thicknesses.
  • the thermal conductive rod 7 protrudes from the surface of the lower contact pad 13 before the finger is put in the probe, and the thermal conductive rod 7 is moved downward after the finger is put in.
  • the compression spring 19 provides the force required for close contact between the heat conducting rod 7 and the finger. The forces among the torsion spring 11, the elastic sheet 6 and the compression spring 19 are balanced, ensuring that the probe can adapt to fingers of different sizes.
  • the present disclosure also discloses a blood glucose measurement device, which includes any of the blood glucose measurement probes described above, and further includes a processor, which is electrically connected to the probe connection line of the blood glucose measurement probe, and is used to receive transmissions from the blood glucose measurement probe. According to the various signals received from the blood glucose measuring probe, the blood glucose of the human body is measured.
  • the non-invasive blood glucose measurement device calculates blood glucose by testing temperature, humidity, blood flow rate, blood oxygen saturation, hemoglobin, and pulse related to human metabolism.
  • the sensors in the probe include: infrared radiation temperature sensor, humidity sensor, thermal conductive rod, thermistor at both ends of the thermal conductive rod, 4-band LED and light receiver.
  • the 4-band LEDs and light receivers are located on both sides of the finger, and the blood oxygen saturation, hemoglobin and pulse are tested by the transmission method.
  • the wavelengths of the 4-band LEDs are 660nm, 730nm, 805nm and 940nm respectively.
  • the infrared radiation temperature sensor is not in direct contact with the skin and can measure the radiation temperature of the skin.
  • the humidity sensor is used to measure the humidity of the environment and the humidity of the human skin. After the finger is placed in the probe, the silicone pad and the finger form a closed space, and the moisture on the surface of the finger skin gathers in the closed space.
  • the thermal conductive rod and the thermistors at both ends are used to measure the blood flow rate.
  • the cylindrical compression spring under the heat conducting rod, and the shrapnel of the upper shell it can adapt to fingers of different thicknesses.
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium
  • the computer-readable medium may include a computer storage medium (or non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or transitory medium).
  • the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile memory implemented in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data).
  • Computer storage media include but are not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassette, tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or Any other medium used to store desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • communication media usually contain computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as carrier waves or other transmission mechanisms, and may include any information delivery media .

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Abstract

一种血糖测量探头，该血糖测量探头包括：探头下壳，探头上壳，扭转弹簧，手指容纳组件，温度传感器，导热棒，分别位于导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻和第二热敏电阻，光电接收器，发光二极管LED，以及湿度传感器。

Description

一种血糖测量探头和血糖测量装置和方法 技术领域
本公开涉及血糖测量技术领域，尤其是指一种血糖测量探头和血糖测量装置和方法。
背景技术
相关技术中有很多血糖监测方法，其中，无创血糖检测方法有很多，如红外光谱法、拉曼光谱法等。这些方法问题是人体血液中血糖浓度低，测量血糖浓度时受到其他物质的干扰大。
其中一种无创血糖检测方法是代谢热整合法，代谢热整合法通过测试和人体代谢相关的参数进行血糖的测量。Cho O K在2004发表了一篇文献Cho,O.K.,et al.(2004).“Noninvasive measurement of glucose by metabolic heat conformation method”Clinical Chemistry 50(10):1894-1898，提出通过测试皮肤温度、血流速、血氧饱和度和血红蛋白浓度来测试血糖。
另外，US2006/0094941公开了一种基于热和光学传感器的血糖测试装置和方法。该装置的结构如图1和图2所示，其中，21为导热性好的平板或薄板，22为导热装置，23和24为热敏电阻，33为光纤，31的31a，31b，31c，31d为光纤，36的36a，36b，36c为LED，38为光电传感器或者称光接收器，40为光电二极管(光接收器)，25、26、27、28为辐射温度传感器。手指放在上述装置的上方，与平板或薄板21接触。辐射温度传感器测试手指温度；光接收器测试LED发出的光经过手指后的光强，用来测试血红蛋白浓度和血氧饱和度；导热棒两端热敏电阻随着温度变化。US2006/0094941的血糖监测装置和方法存在的问题有：1、没有考虑人体通过蒸发途径散发的热量；2、测试时手指之后很小的面积和上述装置接触，其他部分裸露在外面，手指移动会给测试带来很大干扰。
总之，目前的无创血糖监测方法存在的问题主要有：血糖在血液中的含量很低，血红蛋白、水等含量高的物质会对无创血糖测试带来较大的干扰，采用现有的血糖测量装置和方法测量出的血糖不够准确。
发明概述
以下是对本公开详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本公开提供了一种血糖测量探头，该血糖测量探头包括：探头下壳，探头上壳，扭转弹簧，手指容纳组件，温度传感器，导热棒，分别位于所述导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻和第二热敏电阻，光电接收器，发光二极管(LED)，以及湿度传感器；
其中，所述探头下壳通过所述扭转弹簧、位于所述扭转弹簧中心的连接轴与所述探头上壳连接，所述探头下壳和所述探头上壳与所述手指容纳组件连接，其中，所述扭转弹簧的一端与所述探头下壳接触连接或者固定连接，所述扭转弹簧的另一端与所述探头上壳固定连接或者接触连接；
所述温度传感器设置成：测量环境温度和手指温度；
所述手指容纳组件设置成：容纳手指；
所述导热棒垂直或者大致垂直于所述手指容纳组件设置，设置成：将手指热量传送给所述第一热敏电阻和所述第二热敏电阻；
所述LED和所述光电接收器分别位于所述手指容纳组件的上下两侧，并相对设置，所述LED设置成：发出光；所述光电接收器设置成：接收所述LED发出的光穿过手指后剩余的光；
所述湿度传感器设置成：测量环境湿度和手指湿度。
其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括探头连接线，其中，
所述温度传感器，所述第一热敏电阻、所述第二热敏电阻，所述光电接收器，所述LED，以及所述湿度传感器均通过所述血糖测量探头的底板上的接插件与所述探头连接线电连接；
所述探头连接线与电源和处理器电连接。
其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括护线套压块，其设置成：将所述探头连接线与所述接插件连接后封闭所述探头连接线。
其中，该血糖测量探头还包括：散热片，其中，
所述散热片设置成：在手指放入所述血糖测量探头后与所述导热棒分离，手指拿出所述血糖测量探头后与所述导热棒接触，为所述导热棒散发热量。
其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括导热棒支撑件，所述导热棒支撑件的一端固定在所述散热片上，设置成：支撑所述导热棒。
其中，所述导热棒支撑件通过卡扣固定在所述散热片上。
其中，所述手指容纳组件包括上硅胶垫和下硅胶垫，所述上硅胶垫通过上硅胶垫粘贴板固定到所述探头上壳，所述下硅胶垫通过下硅胶垫粘贴板固定到所述探头下壳。
其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括弹片和压缩弹簧，其中，
所述弹片的一端与所述上硅胶垫粘贴板固定连接，另一端与所述探头上壳固定连接；
所述压缩弹簧位于所述导热棒支撑件内部，所述压缩弹簧的一端抵压所述导热棒支撑件，另一端抵压所述导热棒，所述压缩弹簧使所述导热棒与所述散热片紧密接触。
其中，所述散热片的一端与所述导热棒支撑件的另一端固定连接，另一端与所述下硅胶垫粘贴板固定连接，所述下硅胶垫粘贴板与所述探头下壳固定连接；
所述导热棒在手指放入所述手指容纳组件前突出于下硅胶垫的表面，手指放入所述手指容纳组件后因被按压而向下移动，所述压缩弹簧提供所述导热棒和手指紧密接触所需的力。
其中，所述温度传感器为红外辐射温度传感器，还设置成：将其测得的温度发送给所述处理器。
其中，所述第一热敏电阻和第二热敏电阻还设置成将各自测得的热量发送给所述处理器，以使得所述处理器根据温度变化测量人体的血流速。
其中，所述LED为4波段LED，所述LED依次发射660nm、730nm、805nm和940nm的光。
其中，所述湿度传感器还设置成：将测量得到的所述环境湿度和手指湿度发送给所述处理器，以供所述处理器根据所述环境湿度和手指湿度算出人体通过蒸发散发的热量。
本公开还公开了一种血糖测量装置，包括上述任意的血糖测量探头，还包括处理器，所述处理器与所述血糖测量探头的探头连接线电连接，设置成：接收所述血糖测量探头发送的各种信号，并根据从所述血糖测量探头接收的各种信号测量得到人体的血糖。
本公开包括：一种血糖测量探头，该血糖测量探头包括：探头下壳，探头上壳，扭转弹簧，手指容纳组件，温度传感器，导热棒，分别位于所述导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻和第二热敏电阻，光电接收器，发光二极管(LED)，以及湿度传感器；其中，所述探头下壳通过所述扭转弹簧、位于所述扭转弹簧中心的连接轴与所述探头上壳连接，所述探头下壳和所述探头上壳与所述手指容纳组件连接，其中，所述扭转弹簧的一端与所述探头下壳接触连接或者固定连接，所述扭转弹簧的另一端与所述探头上壳固定连接或者接触连接；所述温度传感器设置成：测量环境温度和手指温度；所述手指容纳组件设置成：容纳手指；所述导热棒垂直或者大致垂直于所述手指容纳组件设置，设置成：将手指热量传送给所述第一热敏电阻和所述第二热敏电阻；所述LED和所述光电接收器分别位于所述手指容纳组件的上下两侧，并相对设置，所述LED设置成：发出光；所述光电接收器设置成：接收所述LED发出的光穿过手指后剩余的光；所述湿度传感器设置成：测量环境湿度和手指湿度，能够提高血糖测量的准确度。
进一步地，本公开实施例通过增加湿度传感器，测试环境湿度和人体皮肤表面的湿度，进而计算人体通过蒸发途径的散热，提高无创血糖测试的准确度。
本公开实施例通过设计指夹式探头，测试时手指被探头完全包裹，保证测试过程的稳定，从而使得测出的血糖更加准确。
本公开实施例探头的整体结构能够适应不同粗细的手指。
本公开实施例的探头结构简单，零件便于加工生产，易于组装与拆卸；手指容纳组件上部分为弹性悬臂结构且一端下沉，这种弹性式设计可以抵消 手指对手指容纳组件下部装置的压力，避免手指因受压导致血管产生的变形，保证手指在扭转弹簧、弹片和压缩弹簧三者之间的力达到平衡，从而适应不同尺寸的手指确保不同尺寸的手指在探头内都有一个相对均衡的压力，这能有效消除因为手指压力对数据采集造成的影响；导热棒弹性固定件为圆柱压缩弹簧结构使得导热棒与手指接触后脱离散热片的运动只在竖直方向发生，使传热棒能更好的贴合手指，这能有效消除因为导热棒浮动对数据采集造成的影响，保证每次精确采集生理数据的一致性。
本公开的其它特征和优点将在随后的说明书中阐述，并且，部分地从说明书中变得显而易见，或者通过实施本公开而了解。本公开的目的和其他优点可通过在说明书、权利要求书以及附图中所特别指出的结构来实现和获得。
附图概述
附图用来提供对本公开技术方案的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本申请的实施例一起用于解释本公开的技术方案，并不构成对本公开技术方案的限制。
图1为现有的血糖测量装置结构图之一；
图2为现有的血糖测量装置结构图之二；
图3为本公开实施例的血糖测量探头的结构示意图；
图4为本公开实施例的图3的横截面A-A结构示意图；
图5为本公开实施例的弹片的结构示意图；
图6为本公开实施例的导热棒、散热片、导热棒支撑件及压缩弹簧的连接结构示意图；
图7为本公开实施例的探头上壳、上接触垫粘贴板、弹片的连接结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-探头下壳，2-护线套压块，3-探头连接线，4-探头上壳，5-温度传感器，6-弹片，7-导热棒，8-热敏电阻，9-光电接收器，10-LED，11-扭转弹簧，12- 下硅胶垫粘贴板，13-下接触垫，14-上硅胶垫粘贴板，15-上接触垫，16-湿度传感器，17-散热片，18-导热棒支撑件，19-压缩弹簧，20-手指容纳组件，21-连接轴。
详述
下面参照附图描述本公开的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本公开，而不用于穷举本公开的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本公开的范围。
下文中将结合附图对本公开的实施例进行详细说明。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。
本公开公开了一种血糖测量探头，如图3和图4所示，该血糖测量探头包括：探头下壳1，探头上壳4，探头连接线3，手指容纳组件20，温度传感器5，导热棒7，分别位于导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻8和第二热敏电阻8’，光电接收器9，发光二极管Light Emitting Diode，LED10，湿度传感器16，散热片17，以及导热棒支撑件18。
探头下壳1通过扭转弹簧11、连接轴21和探头上壳4连接；探头下壳1和探头上壳4通过螺钉或者其他方式与手指容纳组件20连接，其中，扭转弹簧11的一端与探头下壳1接触连接或者固定连接，扭转弹簧11的另一端与探头上壳4固定连接或者接触连接。其中，接触连接是指依靠弹力顶靠在探头下壳1或者探头上壳4上，具体地，扭转弹簧11有两个支脚的一端安装固定到探头上壳4上，扭转弹簧11的另一端依靠弹力顶靠在探头下壳1上；或者，扭转弹簧11有两个支脚的一端安装固定到探头下壳1上，扭转弹簧11另一端依靠弹力顶靠在探头上壳4上；或者，扭转弹簧11的两端都依靠弹力顶靠在探头上壳4上和下壳1上；或者，扭转弹簧11的两端都固定连接在探头上壳4上和探头下壳1上。
温度传感器5位于所述手指容纳组件20的上方或者下方，一般位于所述手指容纳组件20的下方，用于测量手指的温度，可以与手指接触，也可以不与手指接触。温度传感器5可以为红外辐射温度传感器，当温度传感器5为红外辐射温度传感器时，不与手指接触，通过红外辐射信号测量皮肤的辐射 温度。温度传感器5可以将其测得的温度发送给与所述血糖测量探头相连的处理器。
导热棒7位于所述手指容纳组件20的上方或者下方，一般位于所述手指容纳组件20的下方，并垂直或者大致垂直于所述手指容纳组件20设置，用于与手指接触，并将手指热量传送给所述第一热敏电阻8和第二热敏电阻8’，第一热敏电阻8和第二热敏电阻8’将各自测得的热量发送给与所述血糖测量探头相连的处理器，以使得所述处理器根据位于所述导热棒7上下两端的热敏电阻8和8’的温度变化测量人体的血流速。
所述LED10和光电接收器9分别位于所述手指容纳组件20的上下两侧，所述LED10用于发出特定波长的光，光穿过手指，剩余的光被所述光电接收器9接收。因为人体脉搏的波动，所以穿过手指被所述光电接收器9接收的光时强时弱，通过所述光电接收器9接收的光的强弱可以测量出人体的脉搏、血氧饱和度和血红蛋白。其中，所述LED10可以为4波段LED。所述LED10将其发出的光信号发送给与所述血糖测量探头相连的处理器，所述光电接收器9也将其接收到的光信号发送给所述处理器。所述LED10发出的光的波长可以为660nm、730nm、805nm和940nm的光中的任意一种或者多种。其中，所述LED10可以依次发射660nm、730nm、805nm和940nm的光，通过4个波长的综合信息进行计算，计算得到血氧饱和度、脉搏和血红蛋白，或者直接通过光强信息计算血糖。
湿度传感器16位于所述手指容纳组件20的上方或者下方，一般位于所述手指容纳组件20的下方，用于测量环境湿度，还用于测量手指湿度，并将环境湿度和测量得到的手指湿度发送给与所述血糖测量探头相连的处理器，以供所述处理器根据环境湿度和手指湿度算出人体散发的热量。其中，湿度传感器可以不与手指接触，手指放入探头后湿度传感器16、下接触垫、手指会形成一个半封闭的空间，从而可以测量手指湿度。
散热片17在手指放入探头后与导热棒7分离，手指拿出后与导热棒7接触，用于为导热棒7散发热量，具体地，用于在一次测试完毕后将测试后导热棒7的剩余热量尽快散发掉，使导热棒7的温度与环境温度尽快达到平衡，从而可以开始下一次测试。
导热棒支撑件18的一端通过卡扣或者其他方式与散热片17的一端固定连接，用于支撑所述导热棒7。
所述温度传感器5，分别位于导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻8和第二热敏电阻8’，光电接收器9，LED10，以及湿度传感器16均通过探头的底板上的接插件与所述探头连接线3电连接。所述探头连接线3可以位于探头的任意位置，图中探头连接线3位于探头的左侧。所述探头连接线3与电源和处理器电连接。探头连接线3中既有电源线又有数据线。数据线中传输的有模拟信号和数字信号，数字信号直接与处理器连接，模拟信号经处理电路后与处理器连接。其中，探头连接线中可以有14根线。
在一示例性的实施方式中，所述血糖测量探头还包括护线套压块2，用于将探头连接线3与所述探头的底板上的接插件连接后封闭探头连接线3，起到固定探头连接线3与装饰作用。
在一示例性的实施方式中，所述手指容纳组件20包括上接触垫15和下接触垫13。所述上接触垫15和下接触垫13可以是硅胶垫，当所述上接触垫15和下接触垫13是硅胶垫时，所述上接触垫15通过上硅胶垫粘贴板14固定到所述探头上壳4，所述下接触垫13通过下硅胶垫粘贴板12固定到所述探头下壳4。其中，所述下接触垫13可以为M形。
散热片17的一端与导热棒支撑件18的另一端通过卡扣或者其他方式固定连接，散热片17的另一端与下硅胶垫粘贴板12通过螺钉或者其他方式固定连接，下硅胶垫粘贴板12通过螺钉或者其他方式与探头下壳1固定连接。
所述血糖测量探头还包括弹片6和压缩弹簧19，如图7所示，弹片6的一端通过两个螺钉或者其他方式与上硅胶垫粘贴板14连接，另一端通过两个螺钉或者其他方式与探头上壳4连接，通过弹片6将上硅胶垫组件(包括上硅胶垫粘贴板14和上接触垫15)以悬臂的形式安装到探头上壳4上，弹片6可以是通过螺丝或者其他方式固定到所述探头下壳1或探头上壳4。弹片6的形状为类凹形。压缩弹簧19可以为圆柱形压缩弹簧，压缩弹簧19的一端与导热棒7的下端相抵压，另一端与导热棒支撑件18相抵压，用于提供导热棒7和手指紧密接触所需的力。导热棒7在手指放入探头前突出于下接触垫13的表面，手指放入后按压导热棒7，使导热棒7向下移动，圆柱压缩弹簧 19提供导热棒7和手指紧密接触所需的力。扭转弹簧11、弹片6和压缩弹簧19三者之间的力或者说相互作用达到平衡，以使得探头可以适应不同尺寸的手指。
导热棒支撑件18的一端通过卡扣或者其他方式固定在散热片17上，压缩弹簧19在导热棒支撑件18内部，一端抵压所述导热棒支撑件18，另一端抵压所述导热棒7，压缩弹簧19的张力使导热棒7与散热片17紧密接触，具体连接关系可以见附图6。
本公开实施例还公开了一种血糖测量方法，应用于上述血糖测量探头，血糖测试时，探头需放在平整桌面上。使用时按压探头上壳4和探头下壳1的扭转弹簧11所在的一侧，探头上壳4和探头下壳1在扭转弹簧11的作用下扭转弹簧11所在的一侧彼此靠近，另一侧彼此远离或者说张开，张开的一侧供手指放入，手指放入探头后与上接触垫15和下接触垫13紧密接触。不同粗细的手指插入探头时，弹片6会发生不同的形变，带动上接触垫15和LED10移动，适应不同的粗细的手指。导热棒7在手指放入探头前突出于下接触垫13表面，手指放入后使导热棒7向下移动。压缩弹簧19提供导热棒7和手指紧密接触所需的力。扭转弹簧11、弹片6和压缩弹簧19三者之间的力达到平衡，保证探头可以适应不同尺寸的手指。
本公开还公开了一种血糖测量装置，包括上述任意的血糖测量探头，还包括处理器，所述处理器与所述血糖测量探头的探头连接线电连接，用于接收所述血糖测量探头发送的各种信号，并根据从所述血糖测量探头接收的各种信号测量得到人体的血糖。
无创血糖测量装置通过测试和人体代谢相关的温度、湿度、血流速、血氧饱和度、血红蛋白、脉搏来计算血糖。探头中的传感器包括：红外辐射温度传感器、湿度传感器、导热棒、导热棒两端的热敏电阻、4波段LED和光接收器。4波段LED和光接收器位于手指的两侧，通过透射法进行血氧饱和度、血红蛋白和脉搏的测试。4波段LED的波长分别为660nm、730nm、805nm和940nm。红外辐射温度传感器不与皮肤直接接触，可以测量皮肤的辐射温度。湿度传感器用于测量环境湿度和人体皮肤湿度，手指放入探头后，硅胶 垫与手指形成密闭空间，手指皮肤表面的湿气在密闭空间中聚集。导热棒及其两端的热敏电阻用于测量血流速。
通过上壳的扭转弹簧和导热棒下方的圆柱压缩弹簧，以及上壳的弹片，实现适应不同粗细的手指。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由若干物理组件合作执行。某些组件或所有组件可以被实施为由处理器，如数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其他数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其他存储器技术、CD-ROM、数字多功能盘(DVD)或其他光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其他磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其他的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其他传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其他数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种血糖测量探头，其中该血糖测量探头包括：探头下壳，探头上壳，扭转弹簧，手指容纳组件，温度传感器，导热棒，分别位于所述导热棒上下两端的第一热敏电阻和第二热敏电阻，光电接收器，发光二极管(LED)，以及湿度传感器；
    其中，所述探头下壳通过所述扭转弹簧、位于所述扭转弹簧中心的连接轴与所述探头上壳连接，所述探头下壳和所述探头上壳与所述手指容纳组件连接，其中，所述扭转弹簧的一端与所述探头下壳接触连接或者固定连接，所述扭转弹簧的另一端与所述探头上壳固定连接或者接触连接；
    所述温度传感器设置成：测量环境温度和手指温度；
    所述手指容纳组件设置成：容纳手指；
    所述导热棒垂直或者大致垂直于所述手指容纳组件设置，设置成：将手指热量传送给所述第一热敏电阻和所述第二热敏电阻；
    所述LED和所述光电接收器分别位于所述手指容纳组件的上下两侧，并相对设置，所述LED设置成：发出光；所述光电接收器设置成：接收所述LED发出的光穿过手指后剩余的光；
    所述湿度传感器设置成：测量环境湿度和手指湿度。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括探头连接线，其中，
    所述温度传感器，所述第一热敏电阻、所述第二热敏电阻，所述光电接收器，所述LED，以及所述湿度传感器均通过所述血糖测量探头的底板上的接插件与所述探头连接线电连接；
    所述探头连接线与电源和处理器电连接。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括护线套压块，其设置成：将所述探头连接线与所述接插件连接后封闭所述探头连接线。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的血糖测量探头，其中，该血糖测量探头还包括： 散热片，其中，
    所述散热片设置成：在手指放入所述血糖测量探头后与所述导热棒分离，手指拿出所述血糖测量探头后与所述导热棒接触，为所述导热棒散发热量。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括导热棒支撑件，所述导热棒支撑件一端固定在所述散热片上，设置成：支撑所述导热棒。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述导热棒支撑件的一端通过卡扣固定在所述散热片上。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述手指容纳组件包括上硅胶垫和下硅胶垫，所述上硅胶垫通过上硅胶垫粘贴板固定到所述探头上壳，所述下硅胶垫通过下硅胶垫粘贴板固定到所述探头下壳。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述血糖测量探头还包括弹片和压缩弹簧，其中，
    所述弹片的一端与所述上硅胶垫粘贴板固定连接，另一端与所述探头上壳固定连接；
    所述压缩弹簧位于所述导热棒支撑件内部，所述压缩弹簧的一端抵压所述导热棒支撑件，另一端抵压所述导热棒，所述压缩弹簧使所述导热棒与所述散热片紧密接触。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的血糖测量探头，其中，
    所述散热片的一端与所述导热棒支撑件的另一端固定连接，另一端与所述下硅胶垫粘贴板固定连接，所述下硅胶垫粘贴板与所述探头下壳固定连接；
    所述导热棒在手指放入所述手指容纳组件前突出于下硅胶垫的表面，手指放入所述手指容纳组件后因被按压而向下移动，所述压缩弹簧提供所述导热棒和手指紧密接触所需的力。
  10. 如权利要求2所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述温度传感器为红外辐射温度传感器，还设置成：将其测得的温度发送给所述处理器。
  11. 如权利要求2所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述第一热敏电阻和第 二热敏电阻还设置成将各自测得的热量发送给所述处理器，以使得所述处理器根据温度变化测量人体的血流速。
  12. 如权利要求2所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述LED为4波段LED，所述LED依次发射660nm、730nm、805nm和940nm的光。
  13. 如权利要求2-12中任一项所述的血糖测量探头，其中，所述湿度传感器还设置成：将测量得到的所述环境湿度和手指湿度发送给所述处理器，以供所述处理器根据所述环境湿度和手指湿度算出人体通过蒸发散发的热量。
  14. 一种血糖测量装置，包括如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的血糖测量探头，还包括处理器，所述处理器与所述血糖测量探头的探头连接线电连接，设置成：接收所述血糖测量探头发送的各种信号，并根据从所述血糖测量探头接收的各种信号测量得到人体的血糖。
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