WO2021026858A1 - 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置 - Google Patents

用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021026858A1
WO2021026858A1 PCT/CN2019/100719 CN2019100719W WO2021026858A1 WO 2021026858 A1 WO2021026858 A1 WO 2021026858A1 CN 2019100719 W CN2019100719 W CN 2019100719W WO 2021026858 A1 WO2021026858 A1 WO 2021026858A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gasket
side wing
recess
locking block
washer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/100719
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈必成
Original Assignee
罗伯特·博世有限公司
陈必成
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 罗伯特·博世有限公司, 陈必成 filed Critical 罗伯特·博世有限公司
Priority to CN201980099382.9A priority Critical patent/CN114258604A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/100719 priority patent/WO2021026858A1/zh
Publication of WO2021026858A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021026858A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gasket for a fuel cell.
  • the present invention also relates to a sealing device having such a gasket and an assembly for a fuel cell having such a sealing device.
  • Fig. 4 shows a conventional sealing gasket 100, 100' for this occasion according to the prior art.
  • Such sealing gaskets 100 and 100' are received in the recesses of the bipolar plate 200 and have a wave-shaped configuration.
  • the wave crests on both sides of the film 300 are alternately arranged with each other, so that the wave crests of the sealing gasket 100 on one side of the film 300 are directly opposite to the wave troughs of the sealing gasket 100' on the other side of the film 300 while sealing the gasket 100'
  • the wave crest is facing the wave trough of the sealing gasket 100.
  • the sealing gaskets 100 and 100' form a sealing structure to prevent the fluid between the bipolar plate 200 and the membrane 300 from leaking outward.
  • sealing gasket since it needs to squeeze the film with wave crests during the assembly process, there is a risk of damaging the film. Moreover, since the geometric shape of the mating interface between the sealing gaskets is relatively complicated, the sealing gasket not only requires a higher machining accuracy, but also has a greater risk of leakage. Also, the higher the pressure in the fuel cell, the higher the risk of fluid leakage.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a gasket for a fuel cell, wherein the gasket is used to prevent leakage of fluid in the fuel cell.
  • the gasket is configured to be at least partially inserted into a recess on a separator of a fuel cell, and is characterized in that the gasket includes a base and a first side extending from the base away from the separator.
  • the suction part, the base part includes a locking block, and the locking block is configured to be at least partially locked in the recess in a form-locking manner, so that the gasket is fixed at the recess.
  • the locking block is configured to have at least one widened section and/or at least one narrowed section, wherein the widened section is configured to: On the cross section of the washer perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the washer, the transverse dimension of the locking block shows an increasing trend of change along the insertion direction of the washer, and the narrowing section is configured to: On the cross section of the washer, the transverse dimension of the locking block shows a decreasing trend along the insertion direction.
  • the suction portion includes a first side flap and a second side flap, and the first side flap and the second side flap are configured to extend from the base portion in a manner of gradually expanding relative to each other .
  • the first side wing and the second side wing are configured to be deformable so as to be able to expand further away from each other.
  • the locking block is configured such that its cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the washer roughly has a circular, elliptical, oval, semicircular or arcuate shape .
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by a sealing device for a fuel cell, wherein the sealing device includes a gasket as described above and a recess on the separator, the recess being configured to At least a part of the gasket is received in a form-locking manner.
  • the sealing device is configured such that the maximum lateral dimension of the locking block is greater than the lateral dimension of the opening of the recess on the surface of the partition.
  • the first side wing and the second side wing are located outside the recess.
  • the geometric shape and/or geometric size of the recess is designed to roughly correspond to the geometric shape and/or geometric size of the part of the washer for inserting into the recess.
  • the above-mentioned object is achieved by an assembly for a fuel cell, wherein the assembly includes a separator, the separator is configured as a bipolar plate, and the bipolar plate is provided with A fluid channel and a recess extending in such a way as to surround the fluid channel; a membrane between adjacent partitions; and a gasket as described above between the partition and the membrane.
  • the gasket is adsorbed on the membrane by means of an adsorption part on the first side facing the membrane, and the adsorption force comes from external gas pressure, such as atmospheric pressure, fuel cell reaction gas, and on the second side facing the separator
  • the two sides are fixed in the concave part by means of locking blocks.
  • the first side flap and the second side flap of the suction part are pressed against the membrane, so that the first side flap and the second side flap
  • the side wings are splayed away from each other so that the inner surface of the first side wing facing the second side wing and the inner surface of the second side wing facing the first side wing are substantially located in a common plane, so that the The first side wing and the second side wing are sucked against the film in a vacuum suction manner.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a sealing device 1 for a fuel cell in an assembled state according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the recess of the sealing device according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS 3(a) and 3(b) show the sealing process implemented by the sealing device according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a sealing gasket according to the prior art.
  • the length, width and height of the washer/recess refer to the dimensions of the washer/recess in the y direction, x direction and z direction, respectively.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a sealing device for a fuel cell in an assembled state according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the gasket of the sealing device is in an uncompressed natural state.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the recess of the sealing device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sealing device 1 includes a recess 3 (see FIG. 2) on the separator 2 of the fuel cell and a gasket 4 at least partially received in the recess 3, wherein the gasket 4 includes a base 5 and a separator 2 facing away from the base 5 The first side extends out of the suction part.
  • the base 5 includes a locking block 13 for fixing the washer 4 at the recess 3 in a locking manner.
  • the locking block 13 is configured to be at least partially locked in the recess 3 in a form-locking manner so as to be difficult to escape from the recess 3.
  • the locking block 13 is configured such that the lateral dimension of at least a part thereof is greater than the lateral dimension of the opening 12 of the recess 3 on the surface of the partition 2, or in other words, the locking block 13 is configured such that its maximum lateral dimension is W max is greater than the lateral dimension of the opening 12 of the recess 3.
  • the portion of the washer 4 for inserting into the recess 3 (hereinafter also referred to as the "insertion portion") has a geometric shape and geometric size roughly corresponding to the recess 3, so as to achieve a form lock between the two, thereby connecting the washer 4Fixed in the recess 3 firmly and hard to move.
  • “approximately corresponding geometric shapes and geometric dimensions” does not mean that the insertion part of the washer 4 and the recess 3 must have a precise and consistent geometric shape and geometric dimensions, but covers the dimensions of the recess 3 It can be larger than the size of the insertion part to a certain extent, so as to provide deformation space for the subsequent extrusion process of the gasket (see Figure 3).
  • the locking block 13 is formed at the second side of the base 5 opposite to the first side and thus the base 5 further includes the locking block 13 and the suction part located in the height direction.
  • the insertion part of the gasket 4 can be a part or the whole of the locking block 13, or can be the entire locking block 13 together with at least a part of the middle part 11.
  • the gasket 4 is preferably configured such that the maximum lateral dimension W max of the locking block 13 is greater than the lateral dimension of the middle portion 11.
  • the middle portion 11 has a substantially constant width in the height direction.
  • the middle part 11 is omitted so that the suction part directly extends from the locking block 13.
  • the insertion part of the gasket 4 may be a part or the whole of the locking block 13.
  • the locking block 13 is configured such that if viewed along the longitudinal direction of the washer 4, that is, in the direction perpendicular to the paper in FIG. 1, the locking block 13 has a cross section corresponding to the bulbous or mushroom head. Cross-sectional shape.
  • the locking block 13 is configured to have at least one widening section and/or at least one narrowing section, wherein the widening section is configured to be the width of the locking block 13 Along the height direction of the washer toward the free end of the locking block 13, there is an increasing trend, especially to the maximum transverse dimension W max of the locking block.
  • the narrowed section is configured as: a locking block
  • the width of 13 shows a decreasing trend toward the free end of the locking block 13 along the height direction of the washer, especially from the maximum lateral dimension W max of the locking block.
  • the increasing trend of change and/or the decreasing trend of change is, for example, a linear increase/decrease, or a curvilinear increase/decrease.
  • the locking block 13 is configured to have a widened section and a narrowed section downstream of the widened section in the insertion direction.
  • insertion direction refers to the direction for inserting the locking block 13 into the recess 3, as shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, which is parallel to the height direction of the washer.
  • the width of the locking block 13 along the height direction of the washer toward the free end of the locking block 13 has a tendency to change: first increase to the maximum lateral dimension W max of the locking block, and then from the maximum lateral dimension W max decreases.
  • the locking block 13 is configured such that its cross-section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the washer 4 has a circular, elliptical, oval, semicircular or arcuate shape.
  • the locking block 13 has the narrowed section at its free end facing away from the suction part. In this way, the insertion of the locking block 13 into the recess 3 is facilitated.
  • the sealing device 1 is configured such that in the assembled state of the sealing device 1, that is, when the gasket 4 is inserted into the recess 3, the portion of the locking block 13 with the largest transverse dimension W max is relative to the recess 3 The opening 12 of 3 is indented.
  • the “retracted” means that the portion of the locking block 13 with the largest lateral dimension W max is located within the recess 3 and the distance from the opening 12 of the recess 3 is greater than zero.
  • the suction part of the gasket 4 includes a first side wing 6 and a second side wing 7.
  • the first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 extend from the base 5 in a manner of gradually expanding relative to each other. That is to say, the closer to the free ends of the side wings 6 and 7, the larger the lateral distance between the first side wings 6 and the second side wings 7 is.
  • the inner surfaces 8, 9 of the first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 facing each other form a sealing surface to be adsorbed on the membrane 10 (see FIG. 3) of the fuel cell.
  • first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 are made of elastically deformable materials, so that the first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 can be further expanded relative to each other under the action of pressure, especially to the extent that The inner surface 8 of the first side wing 6 and the inner surface 9 of the second side wing 7 are located in a common plane.
  • the first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 are located outside the recess 3.
  • the inner surface 8 of the first side wing 6 and the inner surface 9 of the second side wing 7 are in the form of a flat plane.
  • the inner surface 8 of the first side wing 6 and the inner surface 8 of the second side wing 7 extend at an angle with respect to each other, wherein , The angle is greater than 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
  • the angle is an obtuse angle.
  • the inner surface 8 of the first side wing 6 and the inner surface 9 of the second side wing 7 meet each other.
  • first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 are configured to narrow toward their free ends.
  • first side wing 6 and the second side wing 7 are configured to be symmetrical about the longitudinal center plane of the gasket 4.
  • the gasket 4 is constructed as an integral part.
  • the locking block 13, the side wings 6, 7 and the middle part 11 of the gasket 4 are integrally formed.
  • the gasket 4 is composed of an elastically deformable material, such as rubber.
  • the separator 2 is configured as a bipolar plate for a fuel cell, for example.
  • the side of the bipolar plate is provided with fluid channels for circulating fluids such as reaction gas, oxidant gas, and cooling fluid.
  • the recess 3 of the sealing device 1 is arranged near the circumferential edge of the bipolar plate around the fluid channel to prevent the fluid in the fluid channel from leaking outward.
  • the gasket 4 matched with the recess 3 is also correspondingly configured as a long strip of sealing strip, and FIGS. 1-3 show only a cross-sectional view of such a sealing strip.
  • FIGS 3(a) and 3(b) illustrate the sealing process implemented by the sealing device according to the present invention.
  • the spacer 2 with the gasket 4 and the film 10 are provided.
  • the film 10 is arranged between the partitions 2 so that the side flaps 6, 7 of the gasket 4 face the film 10 and the gaskets 4 located on both sides of the film 10 are facing each other.
  • the separator 2 from the side of the separator 2 facing away from the film 10, press the separator 2 in the direction toward the film 10 (as shown by the hollow arrow in Figure 3(a)), so that the side flaps 6, 7 of the gasket 4 Expand further relative to each other until the inner surfaces 8, 9 of the side wings 6, 7 lie in a common plane, as shown in Figure 3(b).
  • the gasket 4 according to the present invention has the following advantages: it reduces or eliminates the risk of damage to the membrane 10 by the gasket 4 during assembly and during operation. This is because the flanks on both sides of the membrane are always pressed against each other during the extrusion process without subjecting the membrane to unilateral pressure that is associated with a significant risk of puncture. On the other hand, it is because the assembly is in place. In the state, the side flaps 6 and 7 are adsorbed on the membrane flatly without causing the membrane to undergo wrinkle deformation.
  • sealing process shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b) only involves the extrusion of two partitions and one film
  • the sealing process using the sealing device according to the present invention It may also involve simultaneous extrusion of more than two separators and more than one membrane to assemble a fuel cell stack including multiple battery cells.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池的垫圈(4)，所述垫圈(4)用于防止所述燃料电池中的气体发生泄漏，其中，所述垫圈(4)构造成用于至少部分地插入位于燃料电池的分隔件(2)上的凹部(3)内，其特征在于，所述垫圈(4)包括基部(5)和从所述基部(5)的背向所述分隔件(2)的第一侧延伸出的吸附部，所述基部(5)包括卡锁块(13)，所述卡锁块(13)构造成能以形状锁合的方式至少部分地卡锁在所述凹部(3)内，以使垫圈(4)固定在所述凹部(3)处。本发明还涉及一种具有这种垫圈的密封装置和一种具有这种密封装置的用于燃料电池的组件。

Description

用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于燃料电池的垫圈。此外，本发明还涉及一种具有这种垫圈的密封装置以及一种具有这种密封装置的用于燃料电池的组件。
背景技术
在燃料电池中，为了进行电化学反应，需要供给燃料气体和氧化剂气体。此外，为了除去电化学反应中产生的热，需要向燃料电池供给水等冷却流体。为此，在燃料电池中需要设置密封垫圈，以防止这些流体的泄漏。
图4示出根据现有技术的一种用于这种场合下的常规的密封垫圈100、100’。这种密封垫圈100和100’被接收在双极板200的凹部内且具有波浪形的构造。并且，位于膜300两侧的波峰彼此交替设置，以使得位于膜300的一侧的密封垫圈100的波峰正对着位于膜300的另一侧的密封垫圈100’的波谷同时密封垫圈100’的波峰正对着密封垫圈100的波谷。在将双极板200朝向彼此按压后，密封垫圈100的波峰被推入密封垫圈100’的波谷内，同时密封垫圈100’的波峰被推入密封垫圈100的波谷内。由此，密封垫圈100和100’形成封堵结构，以阻止双极板200与膜300之间的流体向外泄露。
对于这种密封垫圈，由于其在组装过程中需要以波峰挤压膜，因而存在损坏膜的风险。而且，由于密封垫圈之间的配合界面的几何形状较为复杂，因而这种密封垫圈不仅需要较高的加工精度，而且还关联有较大程度的泄漏风险。并且，燃料电池内的压力越高，流体泄漏的风险越高。
因此，期望提供一种不会损伤膜、易于加工和组装且能在燃料电池的高内压下提供可靠的密封效果的密封装置。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面，上述目的通过一种用于燃料电池的垫圈来实 现，其中，所述垫圈用于防止所述燃料电池中的流体发生泄漏。所述垫圈构造成用于至少部分地插入位于燃料电池的分隔件上的凹部内，其特征在于，所述垫圈包括基部和从所述基部的背向所述分隔件的第一侧延伸出的吸附部，所述基部包括卡锁块，所述卡锁块构造成能以形状锁合的方式至少部分地卡锁在所述凹部内，以使垫圈固定在所述凹部处。
根据本发明的一优选实施例，所述卡锁块构造成具有至少一个扩宽化区段和/或至少一个窄缩化区段，其中，所述扩宽化区段构造成：在所述垫圈的垂直于所述垫圈的纵向的横截面上，所述卡锁块的横向尺寸沿所述垫圈的插入方向呈现增大的变化趋势，并且所述窄缩化区段构造成：在所述垫圈的所述横截面上，所述卡锁块的所述横向尺寸沿所述插入方向呈现减小的变化趋势。
根据本发明的另一优选实施例，所述吸附部包括第一侧翼和第二侧翼，所述第一侧翼和所述第二侧翼构造成以相对于彼此逐渐张开的方式从所述基部延伸。优选地，所述第一侧翼和所述第二侧翼构造成是能够变形的，以能够远离彼此地进一步张开。
根据本发明的又一优选实施例，所述卡锁块构造成：使得其垂直于所述垫圈的纵向的横截面大致具有圆形、椭圆形、卵形、半圆形或圆拱形的形状。
根据本发明的第二方面，上述目的通过一种用于燃料电池的密封装置来实现，其中，所述密封装置包括如上文所述的垫圈和位于分隔件上的凹部，所述凹部构造成用于以形状锁合的方式接收所述垫圈的至少一部分。
根据本发明的一优选实施例，所述密封装置构造成使得所述卡锁块的最大横向尺寸大于所述凹部在所述分隔件的表面上的开口的横向尺寸。
根据本发明的另一优选实施例，在所述密封装置的组装状态下，所述第一侧翼和所述第二侧翼位于所述凹部之外。
根据本发明的又一优选实施例，凹部的几何形状和/或几何尺寸设计成大致对应于所述垫圈的用于插入所述凹部内的部分的几何形状和/或几何尺寸。
根据本发明的第三方面，上述目的通过一种用于燃料电池的组件来实现，其中，所述组件包括：分隔件，所述分隔件构造成双极板，所述双极 板上设有流体槽道和以包围所述流体槽道的方式延伸的凹部；位于相邻分隔件之间的膜；以及位于分隔件与膜之间的如上文所描述的垫圈。并且，垫圈在面向所述膜的第一侧处借助于吸附部吸附于所述膜上，吸附力来源于外部的气体压力，如大气压、燃料电池反应气体，并在面向所述分隔件的第二侧处借助于卡锁块固定在所述凹部内。
根据本发明的一优选实施例，在所述组件的组装过程中，所述吸附部的第一侧翼和第二侧翼被压靠向所述膜，以使得所述第一侧翼和所述第二侧翼远离彼此地张开成使得所述第一侧翼的面向所述第二侧翼的内表面和所述第二侧翼的面向所述第一侧翼的内表面基本上位于一共同的平面内，从而使得所述第一侧翼和所述第二侧翼以真空吸附的方式吸靠在所述膜上。
附图说明
本发明的更多特征及优点可以通过下述参考附图的具体实施例的详细说明来进一步阐述。所述附图为：
图1示出根据本发明的一实施例的用于燃料电池的、处于组装状态下的密封装置1的示意性截面图；
图2示出根据本发明的该实施例的密封装置的凹部的示意性截面图；
图3(a)和图3(b)示出利用根据本发明的密封装置所实施的密封过程；并且
图4示出根据现有技术的一种密封垫圈的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了清楚地解释本发明，本文使用了空间术语“垫圈/凹部的纵向”、“垫圈/凹部的长度方向”、“垫圈/凹部的横向”、“垫圈/凹部的宽度方向”和“垫圈/凹部的高度方向”，其中，“垫圈/凹部的纵向”和“垫圈/凹部的长度方向”对应的是图1中的笛卡尔坐标系中的y方向，“垫圈/凹部的横向”和“垫圈/凹部的宽度方向”对应的是该坐标系中的x方向，并且“垫圈/凹部的高度方向”对应的是该坐标系中的z方向。对应地，垫圈/凹部的长度、宽度和高度分别指的是垫圈/凹部在y方向、x方向和z方向上的尺寸。
图1示出根据本发明的一实施例的用于燃料电池的、处于组装状态下的密封装置的示意性截面图，其中，密封装置的垫圈呈现未受挤压的自然状态。图2示出根据本发明的该实施例的密封装置的凹部的示意性截面图。
密封装置1包括位于燃料电池的分隔件2上的凹部3(参见图2)和至少部分地接收在凹部3内的垫圈4，其中，垫圈4包括基部5和从基部5的背向分隔件2的第一侧延伸出的吸附部。
基部5包括用于将垫圈4以卡锁的方式固定在凹部3处的卡锁块13。卡锁块13构造成能以形状锁合的方式至少部分地卡锁在凹部3内，以便难以从凹部3脱出。为此，优选地，卡锁块13构造成使得其至少一部分的横向尺寸大于凹部3在分隔件2的表面上的开口12的横向尺寸，或者说，卡锁块13构造成使得其最大横向尺寸W max大于凹部3的开口12的横向尺寸。此外，垫圈4的用于插入凹部3的部分(下文也被简称为“插入部分”)具有与凹部3大致对应的几何形状和几何尺寸，以便实现两者之间的形状锁合，从而将垫圈4牢固地、难以运动地固定在凹部3中。在此需要说明的是，“大致对应的几何形状和几何尺寸”并不意味着垫圈4的插入部分与凹部3之间必须具有精确一致的几何形状和几何尺寸，而是涵盖了凹部3的尺寸可以在一定程度上大于插入部分的尺寸，以便为垫圈的后续挤压过程(参见图3)提供变形空间。
在根据图1所示的优选实施例中，卡锁块13形成在基部5的与第一侧相反的第二侧处并由此基部5还包括在高度方向上位于卡锁块13与吸附部之间的中间部分11。在这种情况下，垫圈4的插入部分可以是卡锁块13的一部分或整体，也可以是整个卡锁块13连同中间部分11的至少一部分。在后一种情况下，垫圈4优选地构造成使得卡锁块13的最大横向尺寸W max大于中间部分11的横向尺寸。根据一优选的实施例，中间部分11在高度方向上具有大致恒定的宽度。
在一替代的实施例中，中间部分11被省去，以使得吸附部是直接从卡锁块13延伸出的。在这种情况下，垫圈4的插入部分可以是卡锁块13的一部分或整体。
根据一优选的实施例，卡锁块13构造成：如果沿着垫圈4的纵向、即垂直于图1的纸面的方向观察的话，卡锁块13具有与球根或者蘑菇头的横 截面对应的横截面形状。
根据一优选的实施例，卡锁块13构造成具有至少一个扩宽化区段和/或至少一个窄缩化区段，其中，所述扩宽化区段构造成：卡锁块13的宽度沿垫圈的高度方向朝向卡锁块13的自由末端呈现增大的变化趋势，尤其增大至卡锁块的最大横向尺寸W max，对应地，所述窄缩化区段构造成：卡锁块13的宽度沿垫圈的高度方向朝向卡锁块13的自由末端呈现减小的变化趋势，尤其从卡锁块的最大横向尺寸W max开始减小。其中，所述增大的变化趋势和/或所述减小的变化趋势例如是直线式的增大/减小，或者是曲线式地增大/减小。优选地，卡锁块13构造成具有一个扩宽化区段和在插入方向上位于扩宽化区段下游的一个窄缩化区段。在此，术语“插入方向”指的是用于将卡锁块13插入凹部3的方向，如图1中的箭头所示，其平行于垫圈的高度方向。在这种情况下，卡锁块13的宽度沿垫圈的高度方向朝向卡锁块13的自由末端具有这样的变化趋势：先增大至卡锁块的最大横向尺寸W max，再从最大横向尺寸W max减小。
优选地，卡锁块13构造成：使得其垂直于垫圈4的纵向的横截面大致具有圆形、椭圆形、卵形、半圆形或圆拱形的形状。
尤为有利的是，卡锁块13在其背向吸附部的自由末端处具有所述窄缩化区段。采用这种方式，有利于卡锁块13对凹部3的插入。
根据一优选的实施例，密封装置1构造成：在密封装置1的组装状态下，也即在垫圈4插入凹部3的状态下，卡锁块13的具有最大横向尺寸W max的部位相对于凹部3的开口12是缩进的。在此，所述“缩进”意味着卡锁块13的具有最大横向尺寸W max的部位位于凹部3之内且相对于凹部3的开口12的间距大于零。
进一步而言，垫圈4的吸附部包括第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7。第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7从基部5以相对于彼此逐渐张开的方式延伸。也就是说，越靠近侧翼6、7的自由末端，第一侧翼6与第二侧翼7之间的横向间距越大。此外，第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7的面向彼此的内表面8、9形成将吸附于燃料电池的膜10(参见图3)上的密封表面。为此，第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7由可弹性变形的材料构成，以使得第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7能在压力的作用下相对于彼此进一步张开，尤其能张开至使得第一侧翼6的内表面8和 第二侧翼7的内表面9位于一共同的平面内。
优选地，在密封装置1的组装状态下，第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7位于凹部3之外。
优选地，第一侧翼6的内表面8和第二侧翼7的内表面9呈平坦的平面的形式。在垫圈4的如图1所示的自然状态下，如果沿着垫圈4的纵向观察的话，第一侧翼6的内表面8和第二侧翼7的内表面8相对于彼此成一角度地延伸，其中，所述角度大于0度且小于180度。优选地，所述角度为钝角。
在一优选的实施例中，第一侧翼6的内表面8和第二侧翼7的内表面9彼此相接。
特别地，第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7构造成朝向其自由末端窄缩化。
特别地，第一侧翼6和第二侧翼7构造成关于垫圈4的纵向中心面是对称的。
特别地，垫圈4构造成一体部件。优选地，垫圈4的卡锁块13、侧翼6、7和中间部分11是一体形成的。
特别地，垫圈4由可弹性变形的材料、例如橡胶构成。
进一步而言，所述分隔件2例如构造成用于燃料电池的双极板。双极板在其侧面上布置有用于供反应气体、氧化剂气体、冷却流体等流体流通的流体槽道。由此，密封装置1的凹部3环绕流体槽道地布置在双极板的周向边缘附近，以阻止流体槽道中的流体向外泄露。对应地，与凹部3配合的垫圈4也对应地构造成长条形的密封条，而图1-3示出的仅是这种密封条的截面图。
图3(a)和图3(b)示出利用根据本发明的密封装置所实施的密封过程。
如图3(a)所示，首先提供带有垫圈4的分隔件2和膜10。然后，使膜10布置于分隔件2之间，以使得垫圈4的侧翼6、7面向膜10且使得位于膜10两侧的垫圈4正对着彼此。然后，从分隔件2的背向膜10的侧方沿着朝向膜10的方向挤压分隔件2(如图3(a)中的空心箭头所示)，以使得垫圈4的侧翼6、7相对于彼此进一步张开，直至侧翼6、7的内表面8、9位于一共同的平面内，如图3(b)所示。在垫圈4的侧翼6、7相对于彼 此进一步张开的过程中，位于侧翼6、7与膜10之间的空间内的空气被挤走，从而使得该空间内的气压显著小于周围环境中的气压。这种压力差能够使垫圈4借助于侧翼6、7与膜10相互吸靠。此时，即使卸掉在图3(a)中的外部挤压力，垫圈4仍然能借助于大气压力或燃料电池内的压力以真空吸附的方式被牢固地附接于膜10上。而且，燃料电池内的压力越大，垫圈4与膜10之间的吸附力也越大。这允许在高电池内压下提供可靠的密封效果。
根据本发明的垫圈4具有以下优点：降低或消除了组装过程中以及运行过程中垫圈4损坏膜10的风险。这一方面是因为在挤压过程中位于膜两侧的侧翼始终正对着彼此施压而没有使膜受到关联有显著的戳破风险的单侧压力，另一方面是因为在组装就位的状态下，侧翼6、7平面式地吸附在膜上而没有使膜遭受皱褶化的变形。
在此需要说明的是，尽管图3(a)和图3(b)所示出的密封过程仅涉及对两个分隔件和一个膜的挤压，但是利用根据本发明的密封装置的密封过程还可以涉及对多于两个分隔件和多于一个膜的同时挤压，以组装出包括多个电池单元单体的燃料电池堆。
尽管一些实施例已经被说明，但是这些实施例仅仅是以示例的方式予以呈现，而没有旨在限定本发明的范围。所附的权利要求和它们的等价形式旨在覆盖落在本发明范围和精神内的所有改型、替代和改变。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于燃料电池的垫圈(4)，所述垫圈(4)用于防止所述燃料电池中的气体发生泄漏，其中，所述垫圈(4)构造成用于至少部分地插入位于燃料电池的分隔件(2)上的凹部(3)内，其特征在于，所述垫圈(4)包括基部(5)和从所述基部(5)的背向所述分隔件(2)的第一侧延伸出的吸附部，所述基部(5)包括卡锁块(13)，所述卡锁块(13)构造成能以形状锁合的方式至少部分地卡锁在所述凹部(3)内，以使垫圈(4)固定在所述凹部(3)处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的垫圈(4)，其特征在于，
    所述卡锁块(13)构造成具有至少一个扩宽化区段和/或至少一个窄缩化区段，其中，所述扩宽化区段构造成：在所述垫圈(4)的垂直于所述垫圈的纵向的横截面上，所述卡锁块(13)的横向尺寸沿所述垫圈(4)的插入方向呈现增大的变化趋势，并且所述窄缩化区段构造成：在所述垫圈(4)的所述横截面上，所述卡锁块(13)的所述横向尺寸沿所述插入方向呈现减小的变化趋势。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的垫圈(4)，其特征在于，
    所述卡锁块(13)构造成具有沿所述插入方向相继设置的扩宽化区段和窄缩化区段，以使得所述卡锁块(13)的所述横向尺寸沿所述插入方向具有下述变化趋势：先增大至所述卡锁块(13)的最大横向尺寸(W max)，再从所述最大横向尺寸(W max)减小。
  4. 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的垫圈(4)，其特征在于，其特征在于，
    所述吸附部包括第一侧翼(6)和第二侧翼(7)，所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)构造成以相对于彼此逐渐张开的方式从所述基部(5)延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的垫圈(4)，其特征在于，
    所述第一侧翼(6)的内表面(8)和所述第二侧翼(7)的内表面(9)呈平坦的平面的形式，其中，在所述垫圈的自然状态下，所述第一侧翼(6)的内表面(8)和所述第二侧翼(7)的内表面(9)相对于彼此成角度地延伸，其中，所述角度大于0度且小于180度；和/或
    所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)分别构造成朝向其自由末端窄缩化；和/或
    所述第一侧翼(6)的内表面(8)和所述第二侧翼(7)的内表面(9)彼此相接；和/或
    所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)构造成关于所述垫圈(4)的纵向中心面对称；和/或
    所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)构造成是能够变形的，以能够远离彼此地进一步张开。
  6. 根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的垫圈(4)，其特征在于，
    所述卡锁块(13)构造成：使得其垂直于所述垫圈(4)的纵向的横截面大致具有圆形、椭圆形、卵形、半圆形或圆拱形的形状；和/或
    所述卡锁块(13)形成在所述基部(5)的与所述第一侧相反的第二侧处，并且所述基部(5)还包括位于所述卡锁块(13)与所述吸附部之间的中间部分(11)，其中，所述垫圈(4)构造成使得所述卡锁块(13)的最大横向尺寸(W max)大于所述中间部分(11)的横向尺寸；和/或
    所述垫圈(4)构造成一体部件；和/或
    所述垫圈(4)由可弹性变形的材料构成。
  7. 一种用于燃料电池的密封装置(1)，所述密封装置(1)包括：
    根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的垫圈(4)；和
    位于分隔件(2)上的凹部(3)，所述凹部(3)构造成用于以形状锁合的方式接收所述垫圈(4)的至少一部分。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的密封装置(1)，其特征在于，
    所述密封装置(1)构造成使得所述卡锁块(13)的最大横向尺寸(W max)大于所述凹部(3)在所述分隔件(2)的表面上的开口(12)的横向尺寸；和/或
    在所述密封装置(1)的组装状态下，所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)位于所述凹部(3)之外；和/或
    所述凹部(3)的几何形状和/或几何尺寸设计成大致对应于所述垫圈(4)的用于插入所述凹部(3)内的部分的几何形状和/或几何尺寸；和/或
    在所述密封装置(1)的组装状态下，所述卡锁块(13)的具有最大横向尺寸(W max)的部位相对于所述凹部(3)在所述分隔件(2)的表面上的开口(12)是缩进的。
  9. 一种用于燃料电池的组件，所述组件包括：
    分隔件(2)，所述分隔件构造成双极板，所述双极板上设有流体槽道和以包围所述流体槽道的方式延伸的凹部(3)，
    位于相邻分隔件(2)之间的膜(10)，以及
    位于分隔件(2)与膜(10)之间的垫圈(4)，所述垫圈(4)构造成根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的垫圈；
    其中，所述垫圈(4)在面向所述膜(10)的第一侧处借助于吸附部吸附于所述膜(10)上，并在面向所述分隔件(2)的第二侧处借助于卡锁块(13)固定在所述凹部(3)内。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于燃料电池的组件，其特征在于，
    在所述组件的组装过程中，所述吸附部的第一侧翼(6)和第二侧翼(7)被压靠向所述膜(10)，以使得所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)远离彼此地张开成使得所述第一侧翼(6)的面向所述第二侧翼(7)的内表面(8)和所述第二侧翼(7)的面向所述第一侧翼(6)的内表面(9)基本上位于一共同的平面内，从而使得所述第一侧翼(6)和所述第二侧翼(7)以真空吸附的方式吸靠在所述膜(10)上。
PCT/CN2019/100719 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置 WO2021026858A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201980099382.9A CN114258604A (zh) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置
PCT/CN2019/100719 WO2021026858A1 (zh) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/100719 WO2021026858A1 (zh) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021026858A1 true WO2021026858A1 (zh) 2021-02-18

Family

ID=74570862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/100719 WO2021026858A1 (zh) 2019-08-15 2019-08-15 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114258604A (zh)
WO (1) WO2021026858A1 (zh)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101555943A (zh) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-14 刘国光 密封垫
JP2011222245A (ja) * 2010-04-08 2011-11-04 Nok Corp 燃料電池用ガスケット
CN102428599A (zh) * 2009-05-19 2012-04-25 Nok株式会社 燃料电池的密封构造

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4481423B2 (ja) * 2000-03-31 2010-06-16 株式会社東芝 固体高分子型燃料電池スタック
JP4360132B2 (ja) * 2003-06-13 2009-11-11 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 燃料電池用ガスケット

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101555943A (zh) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-14 刘国光 密封垫
CN102428599A (zh) * 2009-05-19 2012-04-25 Nok株式会社 燃料电池的密封构造
JP2011222245A (ja) * 2010-04-08 2011-11-04 Nok Corp 燃料電池用ガスケット

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114258604A (zh) 2022-03-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8136819B2 (en) Sealing structure and gasket
US10724807B2 (en) Heat exchanger and method for assembling same
US20160370131A1 (en) Heat exchanger
KR101906698B1 (ko) 자동차용 열교환기
US7753379B2 (en) Gasket with transition sealing feature
JP2010138957A (ja) ガスケット
BR102020006453A2 (pt) Célula de combustível
WO2021026858A1 (zh) 用于燃料电池的垫圈及具有这种垫圈的密封装置
US20210172687A1 (en) Main header for internal combustion engine radiator
WO2016203926A1 (ja) 燃料電池用電極構造体、金属セパレータ、上記燃料電池用電極構造体と金属セパレータとを用いた燃料電池セル、及び上記燃料電池用電極構造体作製用金型
WO2022100644A1 (zh) 一种风机盖和风机组件
KR102715912B1 (ko) 판형 열교환기용 가스켓 및 조립체
WO2013038855A1 (ja) ガスケット及び密封構造
CN112751054B (zh) 燃料电池的单元电池
CN110388844B (zh) 用于连接进行热传导的设备的壳体元件的系统
WO2022143852A1 (zh) 一种密封件以及包括该密封件的流体组件和流体装置
JP2017503992A (ja) 周縁シールを有する熱交換器
EP3594150B1 (en) Sealing structure and refrigerated container having same
EP4246672A3 (en) Battery case and secondary battery including the same
WO2020244446A1 (zh) 扁管及换热器
KR101240377B1 (ko) 가스관 연결구조체
CN221347879U (zh) 一种密封圈
CN220793401U (zh) 一种壳体组件及风管机
JPS6221180Y2 (zh)
US9518580B2 (en) Scroll type fluid machine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19941728

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19941728

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1