WO2021018663A1

WO2021018663A1 - Pyrotechnic extinguisher for a vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2021018663A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/070510
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christina Lindblom; Marten LARSSON; John Henstrom; Johanna BJORNSDOTTIR; Jessica HAMMARSTROM; Johan Fritzen; Erik Rydsmo; Linus Svantesson; Urban WEDBERG; David Sturk
Original assignee: Autoliv Development Ab
Priority date: 2019-07-26
Filing date: 2020-07-21
Publication date: 2021-02-04
Also published as: FR3099063A1; FR3099063B1

Abstract

Pyrotechnic extinguisher (1) for a vehicle, comprising a reservoir (10) for an extinguishant, the reservoir (10) comprising an extinguishant expulsion orifice (13) and a tubular dip tube (30) open at a first end (11) of the reservoir (10) in order therein to introduce a propellant generator (40); the dip tube (30) also being provided with at least one diffusion hole (33), at a distal end (32) of the dip tube, and surrounded by a membrane (35) attached to the dip tube (30), said membrane being configured to expand inside the reservoir so as to cause the extinguishant to exit via the expulsion orifice; the extinguisher (1) being characterized in that canals (15), extending in the direction of the first end (11) of the reservoir (10), are formed on an internal wall (14) of the reservoir (10) or on an external surface of the membrane (35).

Description

DESCRIPTION

Title of the invention: Pyrotechnic fire extinguisher for vehicle TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates generally to the field of firefighting devices and relates in particular to an extinguisher, in particular of the pyrotechnic type typically used in vehicles. These pyrotechnic extinguishers are preferably used in heavy vehicles, such as buses, trucks, mining, agricultural or construction vehicles but could be used on lighter vehicles.

[0002] The origin of a fire on board such a vehicle comes mainly from the engine compartment of this vehicle. To prevent the spread of the fire when it occurs in this compartment, it is recommended to provide a fire detection device coupled with a pyrotechnic extinguisher so as to be able to act as quickly as possible to limit the damage and spare the users of the fire. vehicle or road from the danger they may incur.

PRIOR ART

[0003] The extinguishing devices of the prior art typically comprise a reservoir containing an extinguishing agent (for example water with or without additive) which is propelled outwards through a head holding a generator such than a gas cartridge for example. The gas expelled from this cartridge, for example by means of a pyrotechnic device, will inflate an inflation bag held in the tank. As it inflates, this inflation pocket will take the place occupied by the extinguishing agent in the tank and eject this agent through a spray orifice in the head to extinguish the start of the fire. Such a device is described in document EP2522401 or document

EP1782861.

[0004] These devices have various drawbacks. The first drawback lies in the fact that they are dependent on gravity and therefore on the position or orientation they occupy in space. Indeed, if the extinguisher adopts a vertical position, part of the extinguishing agent will remain trapped in the tank by due to a plugging effect generated by the inflation bag. At its distal end located near the bottom of the reservoir, the shape of this pocket often does not allow it to completely match the bottom of the reservoir. On the other hand, the swelling of this pocket comes into contact with the side wall of the tank which is

typically cylindrical in shape. Therefore, it was found that a part of the extinguisher, located at the bottom of the tank, fails to be expelled and remains lost, which reduces the capacity and performance of the extinguisher.

To be able to fully expel the extinguishant from the tank and to overcome gravity, it is necessary to have the extinguisher in a particular position, ideally a vertical position in which the head is turned downwards and the bottom of the tank is turned upwards. However, this solution has the drawback of imposing a particular arrangement on the extinguisher in space, which is not always possible, particularly for reasons of space.

[0006] Another drawback lies in the fact that the inflation bag may require seams in order to be able to adopt a shape which is as close as possible to the internal shape of the reservoir. However, such seams are often not very waterproof, which reduces the efficiency of inflation of the bag and thereby that of the extinguisher.

[0007] In addition, known extinguishing devices are either disposable or difficult to recondition once used. More precisely, the replacement of the gas generator and / or of the inflation bag proves to be particularly complicated.

[0008] Consequently, there is an interest in finding an efficient and more appropriate solution which makes it possible, at least in part, to resolve the aforementioned drawbacks.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] For this purpose, the present invention relates in a first aspect to a pyrotechnic extinguisher for a vehicle, comprising a reservoir for an extinguishing agent,

the reservoir comprising an orifice for expelling the extinguishing agent and a tubular immersion column open at a first end of the reservoir to introduce therein a generator of a propellant, the dip column being further provided with at least one diffusion hole, at a distal end of the dip column, and surrounded by a membrane fixed to the dip column, said membrane being configured to expand inside the column. reservoir so as to release the extinguishant through the expulsion orifice, the extinguisher being characterized in that channels, extending towards the first end of the reservoir, are formed on an internal wall of the reservoir or on an outer surface of the membrane.

Advantageously, the channels can be formed on the internal wall of the tank or they can be attached to the internal wall of the tank. If they are attached, they can be attached separately from each other or linked to each other, for example in the form of one and the same part inserted in the tank. They can for example be made of a polymer material.

Advantageously, the channels allow more efficient evacuation of the extinguisher, regardless of the position or spatial orientation of the extinguisher. Thanks to the arrangement of these channels, the extinguisher can therefore be freed from the effect of gravity and the extinguishing agent is no longer trapped by the membrane when the latter is pressed against the internal wall of the tank. The object of the present invention therefore ensures, in all circumstances, a greater expulsion of extinguishing agent from the tank.

[0012] Preferably, the channels extend longitudinally from a second end of the reservoir to said first end of the reservoir.

At rest, the membrane is preferably held pressed against the dip column to the distal end of the dip column.

[0014] More preferably, the membrane is made of latex.

[0015] In one embodiment, the dip column extends, through its distal end, to the second end of the reservoir.

[0016] In another embodiment, the diffusion hole is arranged

radially around the plunging column.

[0017] Preferably, the generator of the propellant is removably mounted in the dip column. Preferably, the generator of the propellant is removably mounted through a reservoir closure interface.

[0019] In one embodiment, the membrane is fixed to the dip column, at least at the first end of the reservoir, by a clamping device.

[0020] In another embodiment, the dip column comprises an empty space located between its distal end and the propellant generator.

Preferably, the expulsion orifice has a crown section surrounding the dip column at said first end of the reservoir.

[0022] In one embodiment, the expulsion orifice or the diffusion hole has a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the extinguishing agent, respectively of the propellant. In other words, a section of the expulsion orifice or of the diffusion hole is smaller than a smaller gas outlet section of the generator so as to control or control the flow of the extinguishing agent through the orifice. expulsion or diffusion hole and not by the generator. This allows the same generator configuration to be used in different models of pyrotechnic extinguishers.

[0023] In one embodiment, the dip column is held, preferably removable, at its distal end integral with the second end of the reservoir.

[0024] In one embodiment, the membrane is a pocket with a neckline by which it is fixed against the plunging column by means of a clamping device.

[0025] In another embodiment, the internal wall of the reservoir has an oblong shape or a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends.

[0026] In a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a fire extinguisher according to any one of the embodiments or according to any possible combination of these embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0027] [Fig. 1] schematically shows the extinguisher of the present invention in an exterior view; [0028] [Fig. 2] is a vertical section of the illustration of FIG. 1 to show the internal parts;

[0029] [Fig. 3] shows the wall of the tank in a cross section;

[0030] [Fig. 4] shows a second embodiment of the reservoir in vertical section;

[0031] [Fig. 5] is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 but in which the membrane is partially deployed;

[0032] [Fig. 6] shows in detail the head of the extinguisher illustrated in FIG. 2.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] With reference to FIG. 1, this shows an exterior schematic view of the extinguisher 1 of the present invention. This extinguisher 1 is preferably of the pyrotechnic type due to the fact that it incorporates a pyrotechnic device configured to trigger the release of an extinguishing agent, such as water or powder for example, contained in a tank 10. The tank is typically surmounted by a spray head 20 from which the extinguishing agent is propelled out of

fire extinguisher 1. Such an extinguisher is preferably an extinguisher for a vehicle, in particular for a heavy vehicle such as a bus, a truck or an agricultural, construction, mine or handling machine, for example.

[0034] With reference to FIG. 2, this shows the internal parts of the extinguisher 1, in a vertical section passing through the line A-A of FIG. 1. In this FIG. 2, it is noted that the tank 10 comprises an expulsion orifice 13 of the extinguishing agent, so that the latter can pass to the outside of the tank 1, according to the arrows F, when the extinguisher is activated by the pyrotechnic device. For this purpose, the expulsion orifice 13 is typically in communication with a spray orifice 22 which the spray head 20 comprises.

[0035] The reservoir 10 also comprises a plunging column 30 of tubular shape. This column 30 is open at a first end 11 of the reservoir 10 to introduce therein a generator 40 of a propellant. The propellant is typically a gas. This gas is contained, under pressure, in a cartridge which constitutes the main part of the generator 40. This generator can integrate or be connected to a trigger device which, when activated, will release the pressurized gas from the cartridge. Such a trigger device can typically be the pyrotechnic device, more precisely electro-pyrotechnic, which releases the propellant from the generator 40 when it receives an electrical signal for example.

The plunging column 30 is provided with at least one diffusion hole 33 located at a distal end 32 of this column. This hole allows the propellant (gas) to diffuse out of the dip column when it is propelled out of the generator 40 into the column 30, towards the distal end 32 of the latter.

The dip column is further surrounded by a membrane 35. This membrane is fixed, typically in a sealed manner, on the dip column. It is configured to expand or inflate under the effect of the propellant (gas), until it occupies all or almost all of the interior volume of the tank 10. By this action, the extinguishing agent (water / powder) is expelled out of the tank, so as to be able, if necessary, to extinguish an onset of fire which may typically result from overheating or failure in the engine compartment of the vehicle where the extinguisher 1 is preferably located. This membrane 35 can be qualified as an elastic membrane.

According to the invention and as illustrated in Figure 3, the extinguisher 1 comprises channels 15 which extend in the direction of the first end 11 of the tank 10 and which are formed on the internal wall 14 of the tank 10 or on the external surface of the membrane 35. This external surface corresponds to the surface of the membrane which faces the internal wall 14 of the reservoir 10. The internal surface of this membrane being that which faces the immersed column.

In other words, the extinguisher 1 comprises channels 15 which extend in the direction of the first end 11 of the tank and which are formed at the interface of the membrane 35 and the internal surface 14 of the tank. 10.

Advantageously, these channels 15 constitute an evacuation route for the extinguishing agent (water, powder), in particular an escape for part of the extinguishing agent which is located near a second end 12 of the tank, this second end 12 being opposite the first end 11 and typically corresponding to the bottom of the tank 10. Thus, thanks to these channels 15, all of the extinguishing agent can be expelled out of the tank 10, even when the membrane 35 is deployed. until it touches the internal wall 14 of this reservoir. In fact, the cross section of these channels 15 is such that the membrane does not manage to obstruct this section, at least does not manage to completely obstruct it. Therefore an empty space is advantageously preserved over the entire length of these channels, which allows the extinguishing agent to flow therein, even when the membrane is fully deployed.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the channels 15 extend

longitudinally from the second end 12 of the reservoir to its first end 11.

The channels 15 can constitute grooves, ridges or grooves of typically elongated shape. The distribution of these channels on their support is preferably uniform and / or regular, as illustrated in FIG. 3. In addition, these channels can be more or less spaced from each other.

When they form part of the membrane 35 or are arranged on the latter, in particular at its external surface, these channels 15 can be obtained for example by an extra thickness of this membrane. This extra thickness may consist of an extra thickness of the material of the membrane, and could be obtained by molding, for example. As a variant, this extra thickness could be obtained by a filiform or elongated member attached to the membrane, preferably to its external surface, or integrated into the membrane, namely in the thickness of the latter, for example by an overmolding process.

[0044] Alternatively, the channels could also be obtained by folds of the membrane. These folds could be obtained by sewing the membrane or by heating or welding the material which constitutes it. In the event that they are obtained by stitching, the latter would be made waterproof to prevent any leakage of the propellant in the extinguishing agent during the expansion of the membrane by adding a sealing element before or after the sewing operation. More preferably, the channels are rectilinear or spiral.

This shape being independent of the support of these channels, it is therefore applicable both for channels formed on the internal wall of the reservoir and on channels formed on the external surface of the membrane.

[0046] Preferably, and as illustrated in FIG. 2, the plunging column 30 is a central column, namely a column positioned on the longitudinal axis B-B of the reservoir 10. This reservoir therefore preferably has a shape of revolution. More precisely, the internal volume of the tank results from a shape of revolution around the longitudinal axis B-B; this shape being given by the profile of the internal wall 14 of the reservoir. Advantageously, the placement of the column 30 on the longitudinal axis B-B of the reservoir helps to ensure a symmetrical expansion of the membrane 35 with respect to the internal wall 14 of the reservoir.

In one embodiment, the membrane 35 is fixed in a sealed manner on the plunging column 30, in particular around the latter. The tightness of this attachment means that it prevents any leakage of the propellant through the membrane 35, or at least that no leak is detectable within a time interval limited to a few tens of seconds. Such an interval preferably corresponds to the time necessary to completely empty the reservoir of its extinguishing agent.

In a preferred embodiment, the membrane 35 is further maintained pressed against the dip column 30, in particular around the latter, up to its distal end 32. Advantageously, this plated configuration of the membrane improves its deployment. and facilitates handling of column 30. In fact, when it is assembled to reservoir 30, column 30 needs to be handled with its membrane. By pressing this membrane along its entire length against the plunging column, this membrane is prevented from inadvertently getting stuck or torn during handling of the plunging column.

Preferably, the membrane 35 is made of latex. Advantageously, such a material not only ensures perfect elasticity, giving the membrane very significant extension in all directions, but also excellent resilience which allows it to resume its initial shape after having been deployed. In addition, this material offers a remarkable durability of these characteristics, so that the use of a latex membrane is advantageously not single but multiple.

For this reason in particular, the dip column provided with such a membrane is advantageously reusable several times. Therefore, it is not necessary for this column to be mounted removably relative to the reservoir, only the generator 40 of the propellant can be removably mounted in the dip column, typically to constitute an interchangeable element allowing reuse of the propellant. 'extinguisher 1 after refilling its tank.

In a preferred embodiment, the diffusion hole 33 is disposed radially around the dip column. More preferably, several diffusion holes 33 are thus arranged at the distal end 32 of the column 30. The positioning of the diffusion hole (s) 33 at the distal end 32 is advantageous in that the membrane will start its inflation at opposite to the expulsion orifice 13. This makes it possible to further limit the risk of trapping the extinguishing agent.

The diffusion hole or holes 33 are preferably circular in shape and their angular or radial distribution around the column 30 is preferably regular in order to promote a homogeneous expansion of the membrane around the longitudinal axis BB of the reservoir 10 The choice of the diameter of the diffusion holes 33 may consist of a means making it possible to define the time for expelling the extinguishing agent from the tank. In fact, the larger this diameter, the faster the extinguishing agent will be expelled from the reservoir because the expansion of the membrane 35 is all the more rapid. Thus, it will be preferable to limit the speed of expansion of this membrane by providing each diffusion hole 33 with a small diameter or by reducing the number of diffusion holes 33 so as to increase the time of expulsion of the extinguishing agent. Due to the pyrotechnic nature of generator 40, the release of the propellant (gas) out of its container (cartridge) is generally configured to produce a very rapid action. Thus, the diameter or the number of diffusion holes 33 constitutes an easy means to implement to reduce the total time of release of the propellant out of the column 30. As such, alternatively, the control of the expulsion time will be defined by a passage section of the expulsion orifice 13.

In one embodiment, the generator 40 of the propellant is removably mounted through a closure interface of the reservoir 10. This closure interface may be the spray head 20 of the extinguisher 1.

Advantageously, the removable arrangement of generator 40 through spray head 20 avoids having to remove the latter to change generator 40.

[0054] As a variant and as better illustrated in FIG. 4 which illustrates a second embodiment of the reservoir 10, the reservoir closure interface may consist of a flange 16, or part of such a flange, which closes at least one of the ends of the reservoir 10.

Preferably, the membrane 35 is fixed to the dip column 30 at least at the first end 11 of the tank. This fixing can be obtained by a clamping device, which device can consist of a clamp or any other device suitable for this function. For example, the reservoir closure interface, in particular the spray head 20 or the flange 16, or even part of one or other of these members, could act as a clamping member for the membrane 35. .

According to one embodiment of the invention, the plunging column 30 also comprises a volume or empty space 34 located between its distal end 32 and the generator 40. Initially, this empty space 34 does not include anything other than a gas like air. When the propellant, stored under pressure, is released by the generator 40, the high pressure exerted by the propellant will be momentarily absorbed by the volume of air located in the empty space 34 due to the compressibility that has a gas like air. The membrane 35 will be advantageously provided thereby, which will prevent any deterioration, such as tearing or initiation of rupture, of this membrane.

In one embodiment, the expulsion orifice 13 could have a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the extinguishing agent. In this way, it would become possible to control the operating time of the extinguisher and in in particular to regulate the flow of the extinguishing agent. As a variant or in addition, the diffusion hole 33 could have a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the propellant. Through this variant, it would also be possible to control the operating time of the extinguisher, in particular to regulate the flow rate of the extinguishing agent, by means of the control of the time required for the membrane 35 to fully deploy. . This variant is also applicable to all of the diffusion holes 33 in the event that there are several.

[0058] FIG. 4 is a second embodiment of the reservoir 10 of the extinguisher 1. Unlike the oblong shape (for example in a bottle or carboy) of the reservoir illustrated in FIG. 2, in particular of the internal wall 14 of this reservoir, the reservoir of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 has a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends. These flat ends may consist of flanges 16. In one embodiment, at least one of these flat ends is a welded end, namely held by a weld bead to the cylindrical side wall of the tank 10.

[0059] As illustrated in FIG. 4, the plunging column 30 can also be maintained, at its distal end 32, integral with the second end 12 of the reservoir, in particular integral with an anchoring point 17 attached to or forming part of the flange 16 (or flat end) at this second end 12. Preferably, this column 30 is kept removable at its distal end 32. To do this, the anchoring point 17 may consist of a projection configured to fit together, preferably to grip or to screw into a female part 37 located at

correspondence to the end of the column 30. Thus, the dip column can for example be kept nested, preferably removable, at its distal end 32.

[0060] By comparing the embodiments of Figs. 2 and 4, it will be noted that the distal end 32 of the dip column of FIG. 2 is free while that of the plunging column of FIG. 4 is held integral with the second end 12 of the reservoir. Note that the shape of the reservoir 10 is of no importance in this comparison. By providing the column with a free distal end, it becomes possible to pass the membrane 35 between the column and the bottom. of the tank. Therefore, the membrane 35 could be a pocket with a neckline, or collar, by which it could be secured against the column.

plunging by means of the aforementioned clamping device. This membrane could therefore be similar to a balloon fixed by its mouth or to a flexible and thin latex case in which the plunging column can be inserted.

On the other hand, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the membrane 35 will preferably be maintained at both ends of the dip column, namely at the first end 11 of the reservoir and at the distal end 32 of the column.

Advantageously, this membrane can take the form of a sleeve, open at its two ends, when it is considered alone. Such a membrane can therefore easily be obtained from a tube (typically of latex) which can be cut to the desired length so as to be able to then be threaded around the plunging column and to be fixed thereto at its two ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the plunging column 30 extends, through its distal end 32, to the second end 12 of the reservoir 10. Therefore, the diffusion hole 33, formed in the column 30 for the diffusion of the propellant, can be placed as close as possible to the bottom of the reservoir or at least near its second end 12. As best illustrated in FIG. 5 in which the membrane 35 is being deployed, such a configuration advantageously makes it possible to inflate or generate an expansion of the membrane from the bottom of the tank, namely from a position which is situated as far as possible away from that the expulsion orifice 13. Thus, all of the extinguishing agent will be able to be expelled from the tank, forcing the extinguishing agent to move towards the first end 1 1 of the tank from the bottom of this latest. Advantageously, this makes it possible to minimize the portion of extinguishing agent blocked between the bottom of the reservoir and the membrane.

[0063] FIG. 6 is a detail view of the spray head 20 illustrated in FIG.

2. Preferably, this spray head 20 is removably mounted at the first end 1 1 of the reservoir 10. This first end 11 is located at the level of the expulsion orifice 13 of the reservoir 10, which orifice typically takes the form of 'a bottle neck or neckline. The expulsion port 13 is configured to be in communication with the spray port 22 of the spray head 20. This the latter is preferably made integral with the reservoir 10 by means of a thread 23 enabling it to be screwed onto the neck.

[0064] As illustrated as an example in this FIG. 6, the spray head 20 further comprises a central part 25 on which the generator 40 can be held, for example by means of the screwing, by means of a thread 24, of the central part 25 on the spray head. 20. Thus the generator 40 is clamped between the support pin 36 visible in FIG. 3 and the central part 25 which rests on a shoulder 45 of the generator.

For this reason, the body 21 and the central part 25 may have a first hexagonal termination 27 (hexagonal), respectively a second hexagonal termination 28, to facilitate the tightening of the central part 25 on the body 21 of the head sprayer, and / or the clamping of this body 21 on the reservoir 10. Different gaskets 29, typically of the O-ring type, can be inserted between the different removable parts of the spray head to guarantee the tightness of the assembly.

[0066] Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 6, the central part 25 is transverse by being, for example, made up of a sleeve open at its two ends. In this way, it becomes advantageously possible to guarantee access to the generator 40 from outside the extinguisher 1. More precisely, it becomes possible to access the pyrotechnic device, in particular the electrical terminations 42 of this device, without having to remove the generator or disassemble any part of the extinguisher 1. Such electrical terminations can typically consist of an electrical connector or terminal block.

[0067] Although not illustrated in FIG. 6, the extinguisher 1 also comprises means for retaining the extinguishing agent when the generator 40 is not activated. On the other hand, when the generator is activated, this retaining means is configured to open so that the extinguishing agent can be expelled from the extinguisher 1.

Such a retaining means could consist of a thin wall, membrane or cover which, under the pressure exerted by the extinguishing agent when it is pushed towards the first end 11 of the reservoir by the inflation or expansion of the membrane, breaks to release the extinguishing agent towards the path of the expulsion orifice 13 of the reservoir or of the spray orifice 22 of the

spray 20. As a variant, the retaining means could consist of a valve which has the advantage of being able to be closed or repositioned for a new use.

This retaining means could for example be arranged either in the reservoir 10, in particular at its first end 11, typically near the expulsion orifice 13, or in the spray head 20, typically in the channel communication which connects the expulsion orifice 13 to the spray orifice 22.

Typically, the tanks of the various embodiments can contain between 5 and 15 liters of extinguishing agent, preferably 1 1 liters. The empty space 34 located in column 30 can provide a volume of the order of 0.1 to 0.3 liters, preferably 0.2 liters when generator 40 is positioned inside.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a heavy vehicle such as a bus, truck, construction, mining, agricultural or handling machine, comprising an extinguisher 1 according to any one of the modes of embodiment of this extinguisher or according to any possible combination of these embodiments.

Claims

[Claim 1] Pyrotechnic fire extinguisher (1) for a vehicle, comprising a reservoir (10) for an extinguishing agent, the reservoir (10) comprising an expulsion orifice (13) of the extinguishing agent and a tubular immersion column (30) open at a first end (11) of the reservoir (10) to introduce therein a generator (40) of a propellant;

the dip column (30) being further provided with at least one diffusion hole (33), at a distal end (32) of the dip column, and surrounded by a membrane (35) attached to the column (30) plunging, said membrane being configured to expand inside the tank so as to release the extinguishing agent through the expulsion orifice;

the extinguisher (1) being characterized in that the channels (15), extending in the direction of the first end (11) of the tank (10), are provided on an internal wall (14) of the tank (10) or on an outer surface of the membrane (35).

[Claim 2] Fire extinguisher (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that said channels (15) extend longitudinally from a second end (12) of the tank (10) to said first end (11) of the tank .

[Claim 3] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that at rest the membrane (35) is further maintained pressed against the column (30) plunging up to the distal end ( 32) of the plunging column.

[Claim 4] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the membrane (35) is made of latex.

[Claim 5] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plunging column (30) extends, via its distal end (32), to the second end (12) of the tank (10).

[Claim 6] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diffusion hole (33) is disposed radially around the plunging column (30).

[Claim 7] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the generator (40) of the propellant is removably mounted in the plunging column (30).

[Claim 8] Fire extinguisher (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the generator (40) of the propellant is removably mounted through a closure interface (16, 20) of the tank.

[Claim 9] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the membrane (35) is fixed to the immersed column (30), at least at the first end (11) of the tank (10 ), by a clamping device.

[Claim 10] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the plunging column (30) comprises an empty space (34) located between its distal end (32) and the generator (40) d propellant.

[Claim 1 1] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the expulsion orifice (13) or the diffusion hole (33) has a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate the extinguishing agent, respectively the propellant.

[Claim 12] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the plunging column (30) is maintained, preferably removable, at its distal end (32) integral with the second end (12) of the reservoir (10).

[Claim 13] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the membrane (35) is a pocket provided with a neck by which it is fixed against the plunging column (30) by means of 'a clamping device.

[Claim 14] Fire extinguisher (1) according to one of 1 to 13, characterized in that the internal wall (14) of the tank (10) has an oblong shape or a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends (16 ).

[Claim 15] Vehicle comprising an extinguisher (1) according to one of

claims 1 to 14. i