FR3099063A1 - Pyrotechnic fire extinguisher for vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Pyrotechnic fire extinguisher (1) for a vehicle, comprising a tank (10) for an extinguishing agent, the tank (10) comprising an expulsion orifice (13) of the extinguishing agent and a tubular plunging column (30) open in a first end (11) of the reservoir (10) to introduce therein a generator (40) of a propellant; the immersed column (30) being further provided with at least one diffusion hole (33), at a distal end ( 32) of the immersion column, and surrounded by a membrane (35) fixed to the immersion column (30), said membrane being configured to expand inside the tank so as to release the extinguishing agent through the 'expulsion orifice; the extinguisher (1) being characterized in that channels (15), extending towards the first end (11) of the reservoir (10), are formed on an internal wall (14) of the reservoir (10) or on an outer surface of the membrane (35). Figure to be published with the abstract: Fig. 2

Description

Pyrotechnic fire extinguisher for vehicle

The present invention generally relates to the field of fire-fighting devices and relates in particular to an extinguisher, in particular of the pyrotechnic type typically used in vehicles. These pyrotechnic extinguishers are preferably used in heavy vehicles, such as buses, trucks, mining, agricultural or construction vehicles, but could be used on lighter vehicles.

The origin of a fire on board such a vehicle mainly comes from the engine compartment of this vehicle. To prevent the spread of fire when it occurs in this compartment, it is recommended to provide a fire detection device coupled with a pyrotechnic extinguisher so as to be able to act as quickly as possible to limit the damage and spare the users of the vehicle or the road from the danger they could incur.

Prior art extinguishing devices typically comprise a reservoir containing an extinguishing agent (for example water with or without additive) which is propelled outwards through a head holding a generator such as a gas cartridge for example. The gas expelled from this cartridge, for example by means of a pyrotechnic device, will inflate an inflation bag held in the reservoir. By inflating, this inflation bag will take the place occupied by the extinguishing agent in the tank and eject this agent through a spray orifice made in the head to extinguish the start of the fire. Such a device is described in document EP2522401 or document EP1782861.

These devices have various drawbacks. The first drawback lies in the fact that they are dependent on gravity and therefore on the position or orientation they occupy in space. Indeed, if the extinguisher adopts a vertical position, part of the extinguishing agent will remain trapped in the tank due to a plug effect generated by the inflation pocket. At its distal end located close to the bottom of the reservoir, the shape of this pocket often does not make it possible to completely conform to the bottom of the reservoir. On the other hand, the swelling of this pocket comes into contact with the side wall of the reservoir which is typically of cylindrical shape. Therefore, it has been found that part of the extinguishing agent, located at the bottom of the tank, fails to be expelled and remains lost, which reduces the capacities and performance of the extinguisher.

In order to be able to completely expel the extinguishing agent from the tank and overcome gravity, it is necessary to arrange the extinguisher in a particular position, ideally a vertical position in which the head is turned downwards and the bottom of the tank is turned upwards. However, this solution has the disadvantage of imposing a particular arrangement on the extinguisher in space, which is not always possible for reasons of space in particular.

Another disadvantage resides in the fact that the inflation pocket may require seams in order to be able to adopt a shape which approximates as closely as possible the internal shape of the tank. However, such seams are often poorly sealed, which reduces the effectiveness of inflation of the bag and thereby that of the extinguisher.

In addition, known extinguishing devices are either disposable or difficult to recondition once used. More precisely, the replacement of the gas generator and/or of the inflation bag proves to be particularly complicated.

Consequently, there is an interest in finding an efficient and more appropriate solution which makes it possible, at least in part, to resolve the aforementioned drawbacks.

To this end, the present invention relates in a first aspect to a pyrotechnic extinguisher for a vehicle, comprising a reservoir for an extinguishing agent,
the tank comprising an orifice for expelling the extinguishing agent and a tubular dip column open at one end of the tank to introduce a generator of a propellant therein,
the dip column further being provided with at least one diffusion hole, at a distal end of the dip column, and surrounded by a membrane attached to the dip column, said membrane being configured to expand inside the tank so as to release the extinguishing agent through the expulsion orifice,
the extinguisher being characterized in that channels, extending in the direction of the first end of the tank, are provided on an internal wall of the tank or on an external surface of the membrane.

Advantageously, the channels allow more efficient evacuation of the extinguishing agent, whatever the position or the spatial orientation of the extinguisher. Thanks to the arrangement of these channels, the extinguisher can therefore overcome the effect of gravity and the extinguishing agent is no less trapped by the membrane when the latter is pressed against the internal wall of the tank. The object of the present invention therefore ensures, in all circumstances, a greater expulsion of extinguishing agent from the tank.

Preferably, the channels extend longitudinally from a second end of the tank to said first end of the tank.

At rest, the membrane is preferably kept pressed against the sinking column as far as the distal end of the sinking column.

More preferably, the membrane is made of latex.

In one embodiment, the dip column extends, through its distal end, to the second end of the reservoir.

In another embodiment, the diffusion hole is arranged radially around the dip column.

Preferably, the propellant generator is removably mounted in the dipping column.

Preferably, the propellant generator is removably mounted through a reservoir closure interface.

In one embodiment, the membrane is attached to the dip column, at least at the first end of the reservoir, by a clamping device.

In another embodiment, the dip column includes an empty space located between its distal end and the propellant generator.

Preferably, the expulsion orifice has a crown section surrounding the dip column at said first end of the reservoir.

In one embodiment, the expulsion orifice or the diffusion hole has a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the extinguishing agent, respectively of the propellant. In other words, a section of the expulsion orifice or of the diffusion hole is smaller than a smaller gas outlet section of the generator so as to pilot or control the flow of the extinguishing agent through the orifice. expulsion or diffusion hole and not by the generator. This allows the same generator configuration to be used in different models of pyrotechnic extinguishers.

In one embodiment, the dip column is held, preferably removable, at its distal end secured to the second end of the reservoir.

In one embodiment, the membrane is a pocket with a neck through which it is secured against the dip column by means of a clamping device.

In another embodiment, the internal wall of the tank has an oblong shape or a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle comprising a fire extinguisher according to any one of the embodiments or according to any possible combination of these embodiments.

schematically shows the extinguisher of the present invention in an exterior view;

is a vertical section of the illustration of FIG. 1 to show the internal parts;

shows the tank wall in a cross section;

shows a second embodiment of the tank in a vertical section;

is a view similar to that of FIG. 4 but in which the membrane is partially deployed;

shows in detail the head of the extinguisher shown in Fig. 2.

With reference to FIG. 1, this represents a schematic external view of the extinguisher 1 of the present invention. This extinguisher 1 is preferably of the pyrotechnic type because it incorporates a pyrotechnic device configured to trigger the release of an extinguishing agent, such as water or powder for example, contained in a tank 10. The tank is typically surmounted by a spray head 20 from which the extinguishing agent is propelled out of the extinguisher 1. Such an extinguisher is preferably an extinguisher for a vehicle, in particular for a heavy vehicle such as a bus, a truck or a agricultural, construction, mining or handling machinery, for example.

With reference to FIG. 2, this represents the internal parts of the extinguisher 1, in a vertical section passing through the line A-A of FIG. 1. In this Fig. 2, it is noted that the reservoir 10 comprises an expulsion orifice 13 of the extinguishing agent, so that the latter can transit towards the outside of the reservoir 1, according to the arrows F, when the extinguisher is activated by the pyrotechnic device. For this purpose, the expulsion orifice 13 is typically in communication with a spray orifice 22 that comprises the spray head 20.

The tank 10 also comprises a dipping column 30 of tubular shape. This column 30 is open at a first end 11 of the tank 10 to introduce a generator 40 of a propellant therein. The propellant is typically a gas. This gas is contained, under pressure, in a cartridge which constitutes the main part of the generator 40. This generator can integrate or be connected to a trigger device which, when activated, will make it possible to release the pressurized gas from the cartridge . Such a trigger device can typically be the pyrotechnic device, more precisely electro-pyrotechnic, which makes it possible to release the propellant from the generator 40 when it receives an electrical signal for example.

The dipping column 30 is provided with at least one diffusion hole 33 located at a distal end 32 of this column. This hole allows the propellant (gas) to diffuse out of the dip column when it is propelled out of the generator 40 into the column 30, in the direction of the distal end 32 of the latter.

The dip column is also surrounded by a membrane 35. This membrane is fixed, typically in a sealed manner, to the dip column. It is configured to expand or swell under the effect of the propellant (gas), until it occupies all or almost all of the interior volume of the tank 10. By this action, the extinguishing agent (water /powder) is expelled from the tank, so as to be able, if necessary, to extinguish a fire that may typically result from overheating or failure in the engine compartment of the vehicle where the extinguisher 1 is preferably located. This membrane 35 can be called an elastic membrane.

According to the invention and as illustrated in FIG. 3, the extinguisher 1 comprises channels 15 which extend in the direction of the first end 11 of the tank 10 and which are provided on the internal wall 14 of the tank 10 or on the surface external surface of the membrane 35. This external surface corresponds to the surface of the membrane which faces the internal wall 14 of the reservoir 10. The internal surface of this membrane being that which faces the dip column.

In other words, the extinguisher 1 comprises channels 15 which extend in the direction of the first end 11 of the tank and which are formed at the interface of the membrane 35 and the internal surface 14 of the tank 10.

Advantageously, these channels 15 constitute an escape route for the extinguishing agent (water, powder), in particular an escape route for part of the extinguishing agent which is located close to a second end 12 of the tank, this second end 12 being opposite the first end 11 and typically corresponding to the bottom of the tank 10. Thus, thanks to these channels 15, all of the extinguishing agent can be expelled from the tank 10, even when the membrane 35 is deployed up to touch the internal wall 14 of this reservoir. Indeed, the cross section of these channels 15 is such that the membrane does not manage to obstruct this section, or at least does not manage to completely obstruct it. Consequently, an empty space is advantageously preserved over the entire length of these channels, which allows the extinguishing agent to flow therein, even when the membrane is completely deployed.

In a preferred embodiment, the channels 15 extend longitudinally from the second end 12 of the reservoir to its first end 11.

The channels 15 can form furrows, grooves or grooves of typically elongated shape. The distribution of these channels on their support is preferably uniform and/or regular, as illustrated in FIG. 3. Furthermore, these channels can be more or less spaced from each other.

When they form part of the membrane 35 or are arranged on the latter, in particular on its outer surface, these channels 15 can be obtained for example by an extra thickness of this membrane. This extra thickness may consist of an extra thickness of the material of the membrane, and could be obtained by molding for example. As a variant, this additional thickness could be obtained by a filiform or slender member attached against the membrane, preferably on its outer surface, or integrated into the membrane, namely in the thickness of the latter, for example by an overmolding process.

Alternatively, the channels could also be obtained by folds of the membrane. These folds could be obtained by sewing the membrane or by heating or welding the material which constitutes it. In the event that they are obtained by seams, the latter will be sealed to prevent any leakage of the propellant into the extinguishing agent during the expansion of the membrane by the addition of a sealing element before or after the sewing operation.

More preferably, the channels are rectilinear or spiral in shape. This form being independent of the support of these channels, it is therefore applicable both for channels made on the internal wall of the reservoir and for channels formed on the external surface of the membrane.

Preferably, and as illustrated in FIG. 2, the plunging column 30 is a central column, namely a column positioned on the longitudinal axis B-B of the tank 10. This tank therefore preferably has a shape of revolution. More specifically, the internal volume of the tank comes from a form of revolution around the longitudinal axis B-B; this shape being given by the profile of the inner wall 14 of the tank. Advantageously, the placement of the column 30 on the longitudinal axis B-B of the tank contributes to guaranteeing a symmetrical expansion of the membrane 35 with respect to the internal wall 14 of the tank.

In one embodiment, the membrane 35 is fixed in a sealed manner to the plunging column 30, in particular around the latter. The tightness of this attachment means that it prevents any leakage of the propellant through the membrane 35, or at least that no leakage is detectable within a time interval limited to a few tens of seconds. Such an interval preferably corresponds to the time necessary to completely empty the tank of its extinguishing agent.

In a preferred embodiment, the membrane 35 is also held flat against the dipping column 30, in particular around the latter, up to its distal end 32. Advantageously, this flat configuration of the membrane improves its deployment and facilitates the manipulations of the column 30. Indeed, when it is assembled to the reservoir 30, the column 30 needs to be manipulated with its membrane. By pressing this membrane full length against the sinking column, this prevents this membrane from getting stuck or tearing inadvertently when handling the sinking column.

Preferably, the membrane 35 is made of latex. Advantageously, such a material not only ensures perfect elasticity giving the membrane a very significant extension in all directions, but also excellent resilience which allows it to return to its initial shape after having been deployed. In addition, this material offers remarkable durability of these characteristics, so that the use of a latex membrane is advantageously not unique but multiple.

For this reason in particular, the dip column provided with such a membrane is advantageously reusable several times. Therefore, it is not necessary for this column to be removably mounted relative to the tank, only the generator 40 of the propellant can be removably mounted in the dipping column, typically to constitute an interchangeable element allowing reuse of the propellant. extinguisher 1 after refilling its tank.

In a preferred embodiment, the diffusion hole 33 is disposed radially around the dip column. More preferably, several diffusion holes 33 are thus arranged in the distal end 32 of the column 30. The positioning of the diffusion hole(s) 33 in the distal end 32 is advantageous in that the membrane will start its inflation at opposite the expulsion orifice 13. This makes it possible to further limit the risk of trapping the extinguishing agent.

The diffusion hole or holes 33 are preferably circular in shape and their angular or radial distribution around the column 30 is preferably regular in order to promote homogeneous expansion of the membrane around the longitudinal axis B-B of the tank 10. The choice of the diameter of the diffusion holes 33 can consist of a means making it possible to define the time of expulsion of the extinguishing agent from the reservoir. In fact, the larger this diameter, the faster the extinguishing agent will be expelled from the tank because the expansion of the membrane 35 is all the more rapid. Thus, it will be preferred to limit the rate of expansion of this membrane by providing each diffusion hole 33 with a small diameter or by reducing the number of diffusion holes 33 so as to increase the expulsion time of the extinguishing agent. Due to the pyrotechnic nature of the generator 40, the release of the propellant (gas) from its container (cartridge) is generally configured to produce a very rapid action. Thus, the diameter or the number of diffusion holes 33 constitutes an easy means to implement to reduce the total release time of the propellant from the column 30. Alternatively, the control of the expulsion time will be defined by a passage section of the expulsion orifice 13.

In one embodiment, the generator 40 of the propellant is removably mounted through a closure interface of the reservoir 10. This closure interface can be the spray head 20 of the extinguisher 1. Advantageously, the removable arrangement of the generator 40 through the spray head 20 avoids having to remove the latter to change the generator 40.

Alternatively and as best illustrated in FIG. 4 which illustrates a second embodiment of the reservoir 10, the reservoir closure interface may consist of a flange 16, or part of such a flange, which closes at least one of the ends of the reservoir 10.

Preferably, the membrane 35 is attached to the dip column 30 at least at the first end 11 of the tank. This attachment can be obtained by a clamping device, which device may consist of a clamp or any other device suitable for this function. For example, the closure interface of the reservoir, in particular the spray head 20 or the flange 16, or even part of one or the other of these members, could act as a clamping member for the membrane 35 .

According to one embodiment of the invention, the dip column 30 also comprises a volume or empty space 34 located between its distal end 32 and the generator 40. Initially, this empty space 34 comprises nothing other than a gas such as air. When the propellant, stored under pressure, is released by the generator 40, the high pressure exerted by the propellant will be momentarily absorbed by the volume of air located in the empty space 34 due to the compressibility that has a gas like air. The membrane 35 will advantageously be spared, which will avoid any deterioration, such as tearing or incipient rupture, of this membrane.

In one embodiment, the expulsion orifice 13 could have a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the extinguishing agent. By this means, it would become possible to control the operating time of the extinguisher and in particular to regulate the flow rate of the extinguishing agent. As a variant or in addition, the diffusion hole 33 could have a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the propellant. Through this variant, it would also be possible to control the operating time of the extinguisher, in particular to regulate the flow rate of the extinguishing agent, by means of the control of the time necessary for the membrane 35 to deploy completely. . This variant is also applicable to all of the diffusion holes 33 in the event that there are several of them.

Fig. 4 is a second embodiment of the tank 10 of the extinguisher 1. Unlike the oblong shape (for example in a bottle or demijohn) of the tank illustrated in FIG. 2, in particular of the internal wall 14 of this tank, the tank of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4 has a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends. These planar ends may consist of flanges 16. In one embodiment, at least one of these planar ends is a welded end, namely held by a weld bead to the cylindrical side wall of the tank 10.

As shown in Fig. 4, the plunging column 30 can also be maintained, at its distal end 32, secured to the second end 12 of the reservoir, in particular secured to an anchor point 17 attached to or forming part of the flange 16 (or flat end) at this second end 12. Preferably, this column 30 is kept removable at its distal end 32. To do this, the anchoring point 17 can consist of a projection configured to fit together, preferably grip or screw, in a female part 37 located in correspondence with the end of the column 30. Thus, the plunging column can for example be maintained nested, preferably removable, in its distal end 32.

By comparing the embodiments of Figs. 2 and 4, note that the distal end 32 of the plunge column of FIG. 2 is free while that of the dipping column of FIG. 4 is held integral with the second end 12 of the reservoir. Note that the shape of the tank 10 is of no importance in this comparison. By providing the column with a free distal end, it becomes possible to pass the membrane 35 between the column and the bottom of the reservoir. Consequently, the membrane 35 could be a pocket provided with a neckline, or a collar, by which it could be fixed against the plunging column by means of the aforementioned clamping device. This membrane could therefore be similar to a balloon fixed by its mouth or to a flexible and thin latex case in which the plunging column can be inserted.

On the other hand, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the membrane 35 will preferably be held at both ends of the dip column, namely at the first end 11 of the reservoir and at the distal end 32 of the column. Advantageously, this membrane can take the form of a sleeve, open at both ends, when considered alone. Such a membrane can therefore easily be obtained from a tube (typically of latex) which can be cut to the desired length in order to be able to then be threaded around the dipping column and to be fixed there at its two ends.

In a preferred embodiment, the dipping column 30 extends, via its distal end 32, as far as the second end 12 of the reservoir 10. As a result, the diffusion hole 33, provided in the column 30 for the diffusion of the propellant, can be arranged as close as possible to the bottom of the tank or at least close to its second end 12. As better illustrated in FIG. 5 in which the membrane 35 is being deployed, such a configuration advantageously makes it possible to inflate or generate an expansion of the membrane from the bottom of the reservoir, namely from a position which is located as far as possible opposite that of the expulsion orifice 13. Thus, all of the extinguishing agent will be able to be expelled from the tank, by forcing the extinguishing agent to move in the direction of the first end 11 of the tank from the bottom of the latter . Advantageously, this makes it possible to minimize the portion of extinguishing agent blocked between the bottom of the tank and the membrane.

Fig. 6 is a detail view of the spray head 20 illustrated in FIG. 2. Preferably, this spray head 20 is removably mounted in the first end 11 of the reservoir 10. This first end 11 is located at the level of the expulsion orifice 13 of the reservoir 10, which orifice typically takes the form of a a bottle neck or a neckline. The expulsion orifice 13 is configured to be in communication with the spray orifice 22 of the spray head 20. The latter is preferably secured to the reservoir 10 by means of a thread 23 allowing it to be screwed onto the 'neck.

As illustrated by example in this FIG. 6, the spray head 20 further comprises a central part 25 on which the generator 40 can be held, for example by screwing, by means of a thread 24, the central part 25 on the spray head 20. Thus the generator 40 is clamped between the support pin 36 visible in Figure 3 and the central part 25 which presses on a shoulder 45 of the generator.

For this reason, the body 21 and the central part 25 may have a first hexagonal end 27 (hexagon), respectively a second hexagonal end 28, to facilitate the tightening of the central part 25 on the body 21 of the spray head, and/or the tightening of this body 21 on the tank 10. Different seals 29, typically of the O-ring type, can be inserted between the different removable parts of the spray head to guarantee tightness of the assembly.

Preferably and as illustrated in FIG. 6, the central part 25 is through being, for example, consisting of a sleeve open at both ends. By this means, it advantageously becomes possible to guarantee access to the generator 40 from outside the extinguisher 1. More specifically, it becomes possible to access the pyrotechnic device, in particular the electrical terminations 42 of this device, without having to remove the generator or disassemble any part of the extinguisher 1. Such electrical terminations may typically consist of an electrical connector or a terminal block.

Although not shown in Fig. 6, the extinguisher 1 also comprises a means for retaining the extinguishing agent when the generator 40 is not activated. On the other hand, when the generator is activated, this retaining means is configured to open so that the extinguishing agent can be expelled from the extinguisher 1.

Such a retaining means could consist of a thin wall, membrane or cover which, under the pressure exerted by the extinguishing agent when it is pushed towards the first end 11 of the tank by the inflation or the expansion of the membrane, breaks to release the extinguishing agent towards the path of the expulsion orifice 13 of the reservoir or of the spray orifice 22 of the spray head 20. Alternatively, the retaining means could consist of a valve which has the advantage of being able to be closed or repositioned for a new use.

This retaining means could for example be arranged either in the reservoir 10, in particular at its first end 11, typically close to the expulsion orifice 13, or in the spray head 20, typically in the communication channel which connects the expulsion orifice 13 to the spray orifice 22.

Typically, the tanks of the various embodiments can contain between 5 and 15 liters of extinguishing agent, preferably 11 liters. The empty space 34 located in the column 30 can offer a volume of the order of 0.1 to 0.3 liter, preferably 0.2 liter when the generator 40 is positioned inside.

In a second aspect, the invention relates to a vehicle, in particular a heavy vehicle such as a bus, truck, construction, mining, agricultural or handling machine, comprising a fire extinguisher 1 according to any one of the embodiments of this fire extinguisher or according to any possible combination of these embodiments.

Claims (15)

Pyrotechnic extinguisher (1) for a vehicle, comprising a reservoir (10) for an extinguishing agent, the reservoir (10) comprising an expulsion orifice (13) for the extinguishing agent and a tubular dipping column (30) open in a first end (11) of the reservoir (10) to introduce therein a generator (40) of a propellant;
the dipping column (30) further being provided with at least one diffusion hole (33), at a distal end (32) of the dipping column, and surrounded by a membrane (35) fixed to the column (30) plunging, said membrane being configured to expand inside the tank so as to cause the extinguishing agent to exit through the expulsion orifice;
the extinguisher (1) being characterized in that channels (15), extending in the direction of the first end (11) of the reservoir (10), are provided on an internal wall (14) of the reservoir (10) or on an outer surface of the membrane (35). Extinguisher (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said channels (15) extend longitudinally from a second end (12) of the tank (10) to the said first end (11) of the tank. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, at rest, the membrane (35) is also kept pressed against the column (30) plunging as far as the distal end (32) of the plunging column. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the membrane (35) is made of latex. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the plunging column (30) extends, via its distal end (32), as far as the second end (12) of the reservoir (10) . Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diffusion hole (33) is arranged radially around the plunging column (30). Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the propellant generator (40) is removably mounted in the submerged column (30). Extinguisher (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the generator (40) of the propellant is removably mounted through a closure interface (16, 20) of the reservoir. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the membrane (35) is fixed to the plunging column (30), at least at the first end (11) of the tank (10), by a clamping device. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the dipping column (30) comprises an empty space (34) located between its distal end (32) and the propellant generator (40). Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the expulsion orifice (13) or the diffusion hole (33) has a section making it possible to obtain a predetermined flow rate of the extinguishing agent , respectively of the propellant. Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the plunging column (30) is held, preferably removable, at its distal end (32) secured to the second end (12) of the reservoir (10 ). Extinguisher (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the membrane (35) is a pocket provided with a neck by which it is fixed against the plunging column (30) by means of a device for Tightening. Extinguisher (1) according to one of 1 to 13, characterized in that the internal wall (14) of the tank (10) has an oblong shape or a cylindrical shape with a circular section and flat ends (16). Vehicle comprising an extinguisher (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14.