EP0461020A1 - Frangible cartridge for fire extinguishing additives in water extinguishers put under pressure by a compressed gas at the moment of use - Google Patents
Frangible cartridge for fire extinguishing additives in water extinguishers put under pressure by a compressed gas at the moment of use Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0461020A1 EP0461020A1 EP91401447A EP91401447A EP0461020A1 EP 0461020 A1 EP0461020 A1 EP 0461020A1 EP 91401447 A EP91401447 A EP 91401447A EP 91401447 A EP91401447 A EP 91401447A EP 0461020 A1 EP0461020 A1 EP 0461020A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- extinguisher
- cartridge
- water
- cartridge according
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009527 percussion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C13/00—Portable extinguishers which are permanently pressurised or pressurised immediately before use
Definitions
- the invention relates to a frangible cartridge for a water extinguisher pressurized by release, in the extinguisher, of a propellant compressed in the moments preceding the use of the extinguisher, cartridge containing additives capable of improving. the extinguishing properties of water.
- Such frangible cartridges are known, which are connected to the source of propellants; when the extinguisher is put into condition, the pressure of the propellant released releases the cartridge, which spreads the additives into the water, which are thus mixed with this water.
- additives can be of the surfactant type, to promote the formation of a foam and the contact of water with the substances on fire; fluorocarbons capable of forming a film floating on the surface of water are widely used as an additive at present.
- the invention proposes, while retaining the advantages of known frangible cartridges, to overcome the drawbacks which have just been reported.
- the invention provides a frangible cartridge for a water extinguisher pressurized by releasing, in the extinguisher, a compressed propellant gas, in the moments preceding the use of the extinguisher, cartridge containing additives suitable for improving the extinguishing properties of water, characterized in that it comprises an oblong, rigid tubular body with an open end, this end being closed by a cover provided for tearing under a determined differential pressure less than the maximum pressure undergone by water after release of the propellant gas, the volume of additive in the cartridge being at most 80% of the interior volume of the body.
- the invention proposes a certain number of secondary provisions, which contribute to improving the essential technical results.
- the cartridge will be provided with a positive buoyancy and placed free in the extinguisher; its length will be such that, arranged with its end open downwards, it cannot turn over in the extinguisher.
- the cartridge will preferably be made of translucent polyethylene, with the aluminum foil cover lined with polyethylene on the face facing the inside of the body, the polyethylene lining being thermally welded to the edge.
- the additives do not react on the polyethylene, which ensures the life of the cartridge; and the level of additive in the cartridge is visually controllable.
- This cartridge is particularly suitable for additives mainly in fluorocarbons, in particular of the type forming a floating film.
- the rupture of the cover is provided for a differential pressure of approximately 0.4 MPa, or 4 bars, this pressure being at the same time sufficiently distant from the maximum pressure developed in the extinguisher immediately before its use for the rupture to be followed. an effective dispersion of the additives contained, and high enough so that a premature accidental rupture is not to be feared, and that the normal rupture determines an effective flushing in the cartridge.
- doses of additive representing at least 1% by volume of the nominal volume of the extinguisher will be used; more specifically, for a fire extinguisher of 6 liters nominal, the volume of the cartridge will be 100 milliliters, and for a fire extinguisher of 9 liters and more, the volume of the cartridge will be approximately 1.1% by volume of the nominal volume of the fire extinguisher.
- a cartridge 5 for the extinguisher liquid additive is placed freely in a conventional water extinguisher, sprayed by a gas under pressure.
- the fire extinguisher comprises a body 1 of tubular shape with domed ends.
- a head 2 In the upper end dome is fixed a head 2.
- On this head 2 are fixed, towards the inside of the body 1, a capsule 3 confining a charge of liquid carbon dioxide, and a dip tube 6, parallel to the axis of the body 1 and which extends approximately over the total height of this body.
- This dip tube 6 is extended, after crossing the head 2, by a spray nozzle 6 a .
- the head 2 comprises a percussion mechanism 4, with a striker 4a able to perforate a diaphragm for closing the capsule 3, held by spring away from the diaphragm, and capable of being pushed in by folding down a lever 4b .
- additives are added to water to improve its extinguishing properties, such as surfactants, or products capable of forming thin surface layers on the surface of the water. Such additives may have insufficient stability in contact with water.
- the commonly used solution consisted in enclosing the additives in a cartridge capable of bursting under the effect of an internal overpressure, and to connect this cartridge by a pipe to the chamber which surrounds the striker 4a. When the capsule 3 releases the propellant carbon dioxide, it penetrates the cartridge which bursts and in turn releases its content in the water.
- the cartridge 5 is formed of a body 10, tubular, oblong, of rigid polyethylene, with a closed upper end 11 substantially hemispherical, surmounted by a ring 16.
- the lower end 12 is closed by a cover 13, consisting of an aluminum foil 13 a filled with a layer of polyethylene 13 b , on the side of the interior of the cartridge 5.
- This layer of polyethylene allows the waterproof fixing, by thermal welding with the edge of end 1, of the cover 13.
- the body 10 has internal and external diameters of 35 and 40 mm respectively.
- the total height is approximately 146 mm, including the ring.
- the internal volume of the body is approximately 125 ml.
- a volume of additive 14 was enclosed in the cartridge, here a floating film-forming agent (Afff), which is a fluorinated hydrocarbon sold by the company 3M under the commercial designation FC 3041.
- the quantity of fluorinated hydrocarbon is approximately 90 ml, and occupies, the cartridge being vertical, a height of approximately 95 mm.
- a bead 14 a in excess thickness of the body 10, marks the level of the surface of the additive 14.
- the polyethylene body being translucent, it will be possible to check that the cartridge contains the desired volume of additive.
- This additive has a density between 1.2 and 1.3.
- the volume of additive 14, and of free space 15 above this additive, are such that the cartridge has positive buoyancy in water, and that, abandoned with the seal 13 at the bottom, this cartridge s' immerse up to the large circle of the dome 15 a , approximately, in the position shown in Figure 1.
- the oblong shape of the body ensures that the center of pressure of the water is higher than the center of gravity of the filled cartridge, so that its vertical floating position is stable, as long as the cartridge is not tilted to the vicinity of the horizontal, under the effect of an external action.
- the thickness of the cover is determined in such a way that it tears under the effect of an external pressure of 0.4 MPa (4 bars). It will be noted that, on release of the propellant gas (carbon dioxide), the pressure in the extinguisher, after percussion of the capsule, gradually rises to 1.5 MPa (15 bars), and reaches 0.4 MPa in about 1 second.
- the propellant gas carbon dioxide
- the installation of the additive cartridge 5 is done simply by introducing it, lid 13 below, in the body 1 filled with water, before adjusting the head.
- the structure of the extinguisher is as simple as that of an extinguisher where the additives are mixed with the filling product, while no corrosion of the extinguisher body is to be feared.
- the ring 16 is used, together with a hook tool, to remove the cartridge from the body 1, either during checks where it floats in water, or for recharging the extinguisher after use. , where the cartridge rests at the bottom of the body.
- the cartridge which has just been described can be used indifferently in fire extinguishers with a nominal capacity of 6 and 9 liters; for higher capacities, cartridges of higher volume will be used, it being understood that provision must be made for around 1% by volume of additive relative to the nominal capacity of the extinguisher, and that the free volume must be sufficient to give the cartridge positive buoyancy, and stable balance in the vertical position.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Safety Valves (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
L'invention se rapporte à une cartouche frangible pour extincteur à eau mise sous pression par libération, dans l'extincteur, d'un gaz propulseur comprimé dans les instants qui précèdent l'utilisation de l'extincteur, cartouche contenant des additifs propres à améliorer les propriétés extinctrices de l'eau.The invention relates to a frangible cartridge for a water extinguisher pressurized by release, in the extinguisher, of a propellant compressed in the moments preceding the use of the extinguisher, cartridge containing additives capable of improving. the extinguishing properties of water.
On connait de telles cartouches frangibles, qui sont reliées à la source de gaz propulseurs ; à la mise en état de l'extincteur, la pression du gaz propulseur libéré fait éclater la cartouche, qui répand dans l'eau les additifs qui sont ainsi mélangés à cette eau.Such frangible cartridges are known, which are connected to the source of propellants; when the extinguisher is put into condition, the pressure of the propellant released releases the cartridge, which spreads the additives into the water, which are thus mixed with this water.
Ces additifs peuvent être du type tensio-actif, pour favoriser la formation d'une mousse et le contact de l'eau avec les substances en feu ; on utilise largement, actuellement, comme additif, des fluorocarbones aptes à former un film flottant à la surface de l'eau.These additives can be of the surfactant type, to promote the formation of a foam and the contact of water with the substances on fire; fluorocarbons capable of forming a film floating on the surface of water are widely used as an additive at present.
Ces additifs ont un caractère corrosif qui s'oppose à ce qu'ils soient mis en solution ou suspension dans l'eau à l'origine, sous peine de voir l'extincteur mis hors d'usage par corrosion dans un délai qui peut ne pas excéder un an. La cartouche frangible, réalisée en un matériau inerte vis-à-vis des additifs, évite cette mise hors service prématurée.These additives have a corrosive nature which prevents them from being dissolved or suspended in water at the origin, on pain of seeing the extinguisher put out of use by corrosion within a period which may not not exceed one year. The frangible cartridge, made of a material inert towards additives, prevents this premature decommissioning.
En outre, elle autorise un dosage précis des additifs, et assure leur conservation sur de longues périodes.In addition, it allows precise dosing of additives, and ensures their preservation over long periods.
Toutefois on peut leur reprocher de compliquer la structure de l'extincteur, avec des dérivations de tubulures de gaz pour assurer l'éclatement de la cartouche, et des joints étanches pour relier la cartouche à la canalisation de gaz, et donc augmenter le prix de revient de l'extincteur.However, they can be criticized for complicating the structure of the fire extinguisher, with diversions of gas pipes to ensure the bursting of the cartridge, and tight seals to connect the cartridge to the gas pipe, and therefore increase the price of comes back from the fire extinguisher.
De plus, la vérification du bon état de l'extincteur nécessaire périodiquement, entraîne pratiquement le remplacement de la cartouche, l'étanchéité des joints n'étant plus assurée après un démontage. D'ailleurs les cartouches neuves présentent généralement un dispositif de membrane frangible, garante de leur état.In addition, checking the good condition of the extinguisher required periodically, practically leads to replacement of the cartridge, the sealing of the seals no longer being ensured after disassembly. Moreover, new cartridges generally have a frangible membrane device, guaranteeing their condition.
L'invention se propose, tout en conservant les avantages des cartouches frangibles connues, de pallier les inconvénients qui viennent d'être signalés.The invention proposes, while retaining the advantages of known frangible cartridges, to overcome the drawbacks which have just been reported.
A cet effet, l'invention propose une cartouche frangible pour extincteur à eau mise sous pression par libération, dans l'extincteur, d'un gaz propulseur comprimé, dans les instants qui précèdent l'utilisation de l'extincteur, cartouche contenant des additifs propres à améliorer les propriétés extinctrices de l'eau, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte un corps tubulaire oblong, rigide avec une extrémité ouverte, cette extrémité étant obturée par un opercule prévu pour se déchirer sous une pression différentielle déterminée inférieure à la pression maximale subie par l'eau après libération du gaz propulseur, le volume d'additif dans la cartouche étant d'au plus 80 % du volume intérieur du corps.To this end, the invention provides a frangible cartridge for a water extinguisher pressurized by releasing, in the extinguisher, a compressed propellant gas, in the moments preceding the use of the extinguisher, cartridge containing additives suitable for improving the extinguishing properties of water, characterized in that it comprises an oblong, rigid tubular body with an open end, this end being closed by a cover provided for tearing under a determined differential pressure less than the maximum pressure undergone by water after release of the propellant gas, the volume of additive in the cartridge being at most 80% of the interior volume of the body.
La rupture de l'opercule s'effectuant sous l'effet d'une surpression externe à la cartouche, celle-ci ne demande aucune liaison avec un autre organe de l'extincteur. Celui-ci aura une structure aussi simple que s'il ne comportait pas de cartouche frangible. Par ailleurs cette cartouche reste dans son état d'origine jusqu'à l'utilisation de l'extincteur pour combattre un feu. Lors des visites périodiques de l'extincteur, il suffira de vérifier l'intégrité de la cartouche, et celle-ci ne sera remplacée que si son intégrité est douteuse.The rupture of the cover being effected under the effect of an overpressure external to the cartridge, the latter does not require any connection with another member of the extinguisher. This will have a structure as simple as if it did not include a frangible cartridge. In addition, this cartridge remains in its original state until the fire extinguisher is used to fight a fire. During periodic visits to the extinguisher, it will suffice to check the integrity of the cartridge, and it will only be replaced if its integrity is questionable.
L'invention propose un certain nombre de dispositions secondaires, qui concourent à améliorer les résultats techniques primordiaux.The invention proposes a certain number of secondary provisions, which contribute to improving the essential technical results.
Ainsi la cartouche sera dotée d'une flottabilité positive et disposée libre dans l'extincteur ; sa longueur sera telle que, disposée avec son extrémité ouverte vers le bas, elle ne pourra se retourner dans l'extincteur.Thus the cartridge will be provided with a positive buoyancy and placed free in the extinguisher; its length will be such that, arranged with its end open downwards, it cannot turn over in the extinguisher.
La cartouche sera réalisée de préférence en polyéthylène translucide, avec l'opercule en feuille d'aluminium doublée de polyéthylène sur la face tournée vers l'intérieur du corps, le doublage de polyéthylène étant soudé thermiquement au bord. D'une part les additifs ne réagissent pas sur le polyéthylène, ce qui assure la durée de la cartouche ; et le niveau d'additif dans la cartouche est contrôlable visuellement.The cartridge will preferably be made of translucent polyethylene, with the aluminum foil cover lined with polyethylene on the face facing the inside of the body, the polyethylene lining being thermally welded to the edge. On the one hand the additives do not react on the polyethylene, which ensures the life of the cartridge; and the level of additive in the cartridge is visually controllable.
Cette cartouche est particulièrement appropriée aux additifs en fluorocarbones principalement, notamment du type formant un film flottant. La rupture de l'opercule est prévue pour une pression différentielle de 0,4 MPa environ, soit 4 bars, cette pression étant à la fois suffisamment éloignée de la pression maximale développée dans l'extincteur immédiatement avant son utilisation pour que la rupture soit suivie d'une dispersion efficace des additifs contenus, et suffisamment élevée pour qu'une rupture accidentelle prématurée ne soit pas à craindre, et que la rupture normale détermine une chasse efficace dans la cartouche.This cartridge is particularly suitable for additives mainly in fluorocarbons, in particular of the type forming a floating film. The rupture of the cover is provided for a differential pressure of approximately 0.4 MPa, or 4 bars, this pressure being at the same time sufficiently distant from the maximum pressure developed in the extinguisher immediately before its use for the rupture to be followed. an effective dispersion of the additives contained, and high enough so that a premature accidental rupture is not to be feared, and that the normal rupture determines an effective flushing in the cartridge.
On utilisera de préférence des doses d'additif représentant 1 % au moins en volume du volume nominal de l'extincteur ; plus précisément, pour un extincteur de 6 litres nominaux, le volume de la cartouche sera de 100 millilitres, et pour un extincteur de 9 litres et plus, le volume de la cartouche sera d'environ 1,1 % en volume du volume nominal de l'extincteur.Preferably, doses of additive representing at least 1% by volume of the nominal volume of the extinguisher will be used; more specifically, for a fire extinguisher of 6 liters nominal, the volume of the cartridge will be 100 milliliters, and for a fire extinguisher of 9 liters and more, the volume of the cartridge will be approximately 1.1% by volume of the nominal volume of the fire extinguisher.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux manifestes dans la description qui va suivre, à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une coupe axiale de la partie supérieure d'un extincteur comportant une cartouche selon l'invention ;
- la figure 2 est une coupe d'une cartouche selon l'invention.
- Figure 1 is an axial section of the upper part of a fire extinguisher comprising a cartridge according to the invention;
- Figure 2 is a section through a cartridge according to the invention.
Selon le mode de réalisation choisi et représenté sur les figures, une cartouche 5 pour additif de liquide d'extincteur est placée librement dans un extincteur classique à eau, projetée par un gaz sous pression. L'extincteur comprend un corps 1 de forme tubulaire avec des extrémités en dômes. Dans le dôme d'extrémité supérieure est fixée une tête 2. Sur cette tête 2 sont fixés, vers l'intérieur du corps 1, une capsule 3 confinant une charge d'anhydride carbonique liquide, et un tube plongeur 6, parallèle à l'axe du corps 1 et qui s'étend à peu près sur la hauteur totale de ce corps. Ce tube plongeur 6 est prolongé, après traversée de la tête 2, par une buse de projection 6a. La tête 2 comporte un mécanisme de percussion 4, avec un percuteur 4a apte à perforer un diaphragme d'obturation de la capsule 3, maintenu par ressort à distance du diaphragme, et susceptible d'être enfoncé par rabattement d'un levier 4b.According to the embodiment chosen and shown in the figures, a
Cette disposition est classique et fonctionne ainsi : pour mettre en service l'extincteur, on rabat le levier 4b qui enfonce le percuteur 4a dans le diaphragme d'obturation de la capsule 3. En fin d'enfoncement du levier 4b, la partie du percuteur 4a sur laquelle porte le levier 4b pénètre, sous l'effet de son ressort, dans un logement prévu dans ce levier 4b ; le percuteur 4a se dégage du diaphragme, et laisse ainsi l'anhydride carbonique se répandre dans l'espace situé sous la tête 2 au-dessus du niveau de l'eau 1a de remplissage, tandis que le levier 4b se trouve verrouillé en position rabattue, ce qui signale que l'extincteur a été utilisé.This arrangement is conventional and thus works to activate the fire extinguisher, the one flap lever 4b which drives the
Couramment, on ajoute à l'eau des additifs pour améliorer ses propriétés extinctrices, tels que des tensio-actifs, ou des produits capables de former des couches superficielles minces à la surface de l'eau. De tels additifs peuvent présenter une stabilité insuffisante au contact de l'eau. Aussi la solution utilisée couramment consistait à enfermer les additifs dans une cartouche capable d'éclater sous l'effet d'une surpression interne, et de relier cette cartouche par une canalisation à la chambre qui entoure le percuteur 4a. Lorsque la capsule 3 libère l'anhydride carbonique propulseur, celui-ci pénètre dans la cartouche qui éclate et libère à son tour son contenu dans l'eau.Currently, additives are added to water to improve its extinguishing properties, such as surfactants, or products capable of forming thin surface layers on the surface of the water. Such additives may have insufficient stability in contact with water. Also the commonly used solution consisted in enclosing the additives in a cartridge capable of bursting under the effect of an internal overpressure, and to connect this cartridge by a pipe to the chamber which surrounds the
Selon l'invention, la cartouche 5 est formée d'un corps 10, tubulaire, oblong, en polyéthylène rigide, avec une extrémité supérieure fermée 11 sensiblement hémisphérique, surmontée d'un anneau 16. L'extrémité inférieure 12 est fermée par un opercule 13, constitué d'une feuille d'aluminium 13a garnie d'une couche de polyéthylène 13b, du côté de l'intérieur de la cartouche 5. Cette couche de polyéthylène permet la fixation étanche, par soudure thermique avec la tranche d'extrémité 1, de l'opercule 13.According to the invention, the
Dans l'exemple représenté, le corps 10 présente des diamètres intérieur et extérieur respectivement de 35 et 40 mm. La hauteur totale est de 146 mm environ, anneau compris. Le volume intérieur du corps est d'environ 125 ml.In the example shown, the
On a enfermé, dans la cartouche, un volume d'additif 14, ici un agent formateur de film flottant (Afff), qui est un hydrocarbure fluoré vendu par la société 3M sous la désignation commerciale FC 3041. Dans l'exemple décrit, la quantité d'hydrocarbure fluoré est d'environ 90 ml, et occupe, la cartouche étant verticale, une hauteur d'environ 95 mm. Un cordon 14a, en surépaisseur du corps 10, marque le niveau de la surface de l'additif 14. Le corps en polyéthylène étant translucide, il sera possible de contrôler que la cartouche contient le volume voulu d'additif.A volume of
Cet additif présente une densité comprise entre 1,2 et 1,3. Le volume d'additif 14, et d'espace libre 15 au-dessus de cet additif, sont tels que la cartouche présente une flottabilité positive dans l'eau, et que, abandonnée avec l'opercule 13 en bas, cette cartouche s'immerge jusqu'au grand cercle du dôme 15a, approximativement, dans la position représentée figure 1.This additive has a density between 1.2 and 1.3. The volume of
On remarquera que la forme oblongue du corps assure que le centre de poussée de l'eau soit plus haut que le centre de gravité de la cartouche remplie, de sorte que sa position flottante verticale est stable, tant que la cartouche n'est pas inclinée jusqu'au voisinage de l'horizontale, sous l'effet d'une action extérieure.Note that the oblong shape of the body ensures that the center of pressure of the water is higher than the center of gravity of the filled cartridge, so that its vertical floating position is stable, as long as the cartridge is not tilted to the vicinity of the horizontal, under the effect of an external action.
Toutefois, un extincteur étant exposé à être manipulé et mis dans une position quelconque, il y aurait eu un risque que la cartouche se retourne et flotte opercule en l'air. Ceci est en fait empêché, la cartouche ne pouvant, en raison de sa longueur par rapport au diamère du corps d'extincteur, se retourner dans l'espace laissé libre dans le corps d'extincteur 1, entre la paroi de ce corps et les organes internes de l'extincteur, tels que tube plongeur 6 et capsule 3.However, a fire extinguisher being exposed to being handled and placed in any position, there would have been a risk that the cartridge would overturn and float in the air. This is in fact prevented, the cartridge being unable, due to its length relative to the diameter of the extinguisher body, to turn over in the space left free in the extinguisher body 1, between the wall of this body and the internal extinguisher organs, such as
L'épaisseur de l'opercule est déterminée de telle façon qu'elle se déchire sous l'effet d'une pression extérieure de 0,4 MPa (4 bars). On notera que, à la libération du gaz propulseur (anhydride carbonique), la pression dans l'extincteur, après une percussion de la capsule, s'élève progressivement jusqu'à 1,5 MPa (15 bars), et atteint 0,4 MPa en environ 1 seconde.The thickness of the cover is determined in such a way that it tears under the effect of an external pressure of 0.4 MPa (4 bars). It will be noted that, on release of the propellant gas (carbon dioxide), the pressure in the extinguisher, after percussion of the capsule, gradually rises to 1.5 MPa (15 bars), and reaches 0.4 MPa in about 1 second.
On remarquera que la dispersion de l'additif dans le contenu de l'extincteur pourrait paraître, à priori, moins efficace suite à une rupture sous l'effet d'une surpression externe que sous l'effet d'une surpression intérieure. Mais en fait, on ne constate pas de différence significative de l'efficacité du mélange sous l'effet d'une explosion et d'une implosion. On notera que la rupture de l'opercule se produit dans la zone de liaison avec la tranche 12 d'extrémité du corps, donc de façon dissymétrique par rapport à l'axe, et que le volume 15 se trouve brutalement réduit lors de l'irruption de l'eau dans la cartouche, ce qui provoque des turbulences considérables, favorables à la dispersion de l'additif.It will be noted that the dispersion of the additive in the contents of the extinguisher could appear, a priori, less effective following a rupture under the effect of an external overpressure than under the effect of an internal overpressure. But in fact, there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of the mixture under the effect of an explosion and an implosion. It will be noted that the rupture of the cover occurs in the zone of connection with the
On appréciera que la mise en place de la cartouche 5 d'additif se fait simplement en l'introduisant, opercule 13 en bas, dans le corps 1 rempli d'eau, avant ajustement de la tête. La structure de l'extincteur est aussi simple que celle d'un extincteur où les additifs sont mélangés au produit de remplissage, tandis qu'aucune corrosion du corps d'extincteur n'est à craindre.It will be appreciated that the installation of the
Par ailleurs, lors des contrôles périodiques d'un extincteur, il ne sera nécessaire de changer la cartouche que si l'on constate que le volume d'additif à l'intérieur est incorrect, ce qui peut être fait d'un coup d'oeil, alors que, avec une cartouche à éclatement, le démontage de la cartouche pour vérification impose pratiquement son changement.Furthermore, during periodic checks of a fire extinguisher, it will only be necessary to change the cartridge if it is found that the volume of additive inside is incorrect, which can be done with a quick eye, while, with a burst cartridge, dismantling the cartridge for verification practically requires its change.
On aura bien entendu compris que l'anneau 16 est utilisé, conjointement avec un outil à crochet, pour retirer du corps 1 la cartouche, soit lors des vérifications où elle flotte dans l'eau, soit pour la recharge de l'extincteur après utilisation, où la cartouche repose au fond du corps.It will of course be understood that the
La cartouche qui vient d'être décrite peut être utilisée indifféremment dans des extincteurs à capacité nominale de 6 et 9 litres ; pour les capacités supérieures, on utilisera des cartouches de volume supérieur, étant entendu qu'il faut prévoir de l'ordre de 1 % en volume d'additif par rapport à la capacité nominale de l'extincteur, et que le volume libre doit être suffisant pour conférer à la cartouche une flottabilité positive, et un équilibre stable en position verticale.The cartridge which has just been described can be used indifferently in fire extinguishers with a nominal capacity of 6 and 9 liters; for higher capacities, cartridges of higher volume will be used, it being understood that provision must be made for around 1% by volume of additive relative to the nominal capacity of the extinguisher, and that the free volume must be sufficient to give the cartridge positive buoyancy, and stable balance in the vertical position.
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples décrits, mais en embrasse toutes les variantes d'exécution, dans le cadre des revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the examples described, but embraces all the variant embodiments thereof, within the scope of the claims.
Ceci vaut aussi bien pour les dimensions des cartouches que la nature des additifs, du liquide de remplissage et du gaz propulseur.This applies to the dimensions of the cartridges as well as the nature of the additives, the filling liquid and the propellant.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9006942 | 1990-06-05 | ||
| FR9006942A FR2662608B1 (en) | 1990-06-05 | 1990-06-05 | FRANGIBLE CARTRIDGE FOR EXTINGUISHING ADDITIVES IN PRESSURIZED WATER EXTINGUISHERS AT THE TIME OF USE WITH COMPRESSED GAS. |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0461020A1 true EP0461020A1 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| EP0461020B1 EP0461020B1 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
Family
ID=9397264
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91401447A Expired - Lifetime EP0461020B1 (en) | 1990-06-05 | 1991-06-04 | Frangible cartridge for fire extinguishing additives in water extinguishers put under pressure by a compressed gas at the moment of use |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0461020B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE110580T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69103680T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0461020T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2063460T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2662608B1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0686410A2 (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1995-12-13 | Minimax GmbH | Fire extinguisher |
| WO2002056968A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-25 | Jin-Gab Kim | Fire extinguisher for train |
| EP1754519A1 (en) * | 2005-08-20 | 2007-02-21 | Minimax Mobile Service GmbH & Co. KG | Fire extinguisher |
| EP2425876A1 (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-07 | Certech Asbl | Extinguisher with tanks for additives |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2779656B1 (en) | 1998-06-15 | 2000-08-11 | Extincteurs Harden | EXTRACTOR TUBE FOR AUXILIARY GAS EXTINGUISHER EXTINGUISHING POWDER PROPELLER, EXTINGUISHER HEAD ASSOCIATED WITH SAID TUBE AND EXTINGUISHER COMPRISING SUCH A HEAD |
| DE20119744U1 (en) | 2001-12-06 | 2002-03-28 | Minimax Gmbh, 23843 Bad Oldesloe | Portable fire extinguisher with push button |
| FR2934784B1 (en) * | 2008-08-05 | 2010-08-27 | Eurofeu | EXTINGUISHER WITH DEPENDABLE OPERATOR. |
| DE202012001389U1 (en) | 2012-02-10 | 2013-05-13 | Bavaria Brandschutz Industrie Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cartridge for a liquid fire extinguisher |
| DE102013018935B4 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2022-08-18 | Feuerschutz Jockel Gmbh & Co. Kg | hand fire extinguisher |
| CN111589020B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-03-04 | 航天康达(北京)科技发展有限公司 | Perfluorohexanone quick fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3255924A (en) * | 1964-04-08 | 1966-06-14 | Modern Lab Inc | Pressurized dispensing device |
| US3339802A (en) * | 1965-03-16 | 1967-09-05 | Alberto Culver Co | Pressurized dispensing device |
| CH501535A (en) * | 1968-12-11 | 1971-01-15 | Oreal | Process for packaging and dispensing under pressure at least two products to be dispensed simultaneously as a mixture and a container in order to implement said process |
| DE2822380A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-11-29 | Dieter Ing Grad Bender | Frost protected fire extinguisher - has cylinder containing elastic bag with foam producing agent connected to rising pipe inside cylinder |
-
1990
- 1990-06-05 FR FR9006942A patent/FR2662608B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-06-04 ES ES91401447T patent/ES2063460T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-04 DK DK91401447.7T patent/DK0461020T3/en active
- 1991-06-04 DE DE69103680T patent/DE69103680T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-04 EP EP91401447A patent/EP0461020B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-06-04 AT AT91401447T patent/ATE110580T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3255924A (en) * | 1964-04-08 | 1966-06-14 | Modern Lab Inc | Pressurized dispensing device |
| US3339802A (en) * | 1965-03-16 | 1967-09-05 | Alberto Culver Co | Pressurized dispensing device |
| CH501535A (en) * | 1968-12-11 | 1971-01-15 | Oreal | Process for packaging and dispensing under pressure at least two products to be dispensed simultaneously as a mixture and a container in order to implement said process |
| DE2822380A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-11-29 | Dieter Ing Grad Bender | Frost protected fire extinguisher - has cylinder containing elastic bag with foam producing agent connected to rising pipe inside cylinder |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0686410A2 (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1995-12-13 | Minimax GmbH | Fire extinguisher |
| EP0686410A3 (en) * | 1994-05-11 | 1996-06-05 | Preussag Ag Minimax | Fire extinguisher |
| WO2002056968A1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-25 | Jin-Gab Kim | Fire extinguisher for train |
| EP1754519A1 (en) * | 2005-08-20 | 2007-02-21 | Minimax Mobile Service GmbH & Co. KG | Fire extinguisher |
| EP2425876A1 (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2012-03-07 | Certech Asbl | Extinguisher with tanks for additives |
| EP2666519A2 (en) | 2010-09-06 | 2013-11-27 | Certech Asbl | Extinguisher with tanks for additives |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2662608A1 (en) | 1991-12-06 |
| DK0461020T3 (en) | 1995-04-24 |
| ATE110580T1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
| DE69103680T2 (en) | 1995-03-16 |
| ES2063460T3 (en) | 1995-01-01 |
| DE69103680D1 (en) | 1994-10-06 |
| EP0461020B1 (en) | 1994-08-31 |
| FR2662608B1 (en) | 1992-09-11 |
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