WO2021017236A1 - 可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置 - Google Patents

可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置 Download PDF

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WO2021017236A1
WO2021017236A1 PCT/CN2019/114669 CN2019114669W WO2021017236A1 WO 2021017236 A1 WO2021017236 A1 WO 2021017236A1 CN 2019114669 W CN2019114669 W CN 2019114669W WO 2021017236 A1 WO2021017236 A1 WO 2021017236A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
photovoltaic module
disassembly
recycling
recovery device
metal wire
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PCT/CN2019/114669
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱杰
王永伟
史珺峰
王猛
卫春燕
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苏州日弈新电子科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2021017236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017236A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]

Definitions

  • the present invention claims the priority of the utility model patent application named "Mobile Photovoltaic Module Disassembly and Recovery Device” and application number 201921210958.8 filed in China on July 30, 2019. The entire content of the application is incorporated by reference. This article.
  • the utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic assembly disassembly and recovery, in particular to a movable photovoltaic assembly disassembly and recovery device.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in the prior art.
  • the photovoltaic cell module generally includes a crystalline silicon cell 10, an aluminum frame 20, a glass 30, a back plate 40, an EVA (Polyethylene Vinyl Acetate, polyethylene-polyvinyl acetate copolymer) film 50, and a junction box 60.
  • an EVA film 50 is provided between the glass 30 and the battery sheet 10 and between the back plate 40 and the battery sheet 10, and the aluminum frame 20 is used to fix various components. Most of these materials can be recycled and reused. Recycling these materials can save resources on the one hand, and reduce the impact and damage on the ecological environment on the other hand.
  • the photovoltaic modules are usually first disassembled, then packaged and transported to the recycling factory. After the recycling factory is unpacked, the recyclable part is manually disassembled to recover the recyclable parts, and the recovered materials are transported to the raw materials. The plant is reused, and the non-recyclable part is abandoned or incinerated.
  • the photovoltaic modules need to be disassembled, packaged and transported to the recycling plant. After the disassembly and recycling, the recovered materials need to be transported to the raw material plant. The entire recycling process is complicated and the recycling efficiency is low. Transportation costs are higher.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling device that can improve the recycling efficiency of photovoltaic modules.
  • the utility model provides a movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device includes a mobile device and a recovery device assembly.
  • the mobile device includes a frame and a frame drive mechanism
  • the recycling device assembly is arranged on the vehicle frame for disassembling and recycling the photovoltaic components, and the vehicle frame drive mechanism can drive the vehicle frame to move with the recycling device assembly.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device further includes a feeding device, and the feeding device includes a feeding conveyor belt that is drive-connected and a first conveyor belt driving mechanism. Belt for placing the photovoltaic module,
  • the first conveyor belt drive mechanism can drive the feed conveyor belt to move the photovoltaic module to the recycling device module.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device further includes a discharging device, the discharging device includes a discharging conveyor belt and a second conveyor belt drive mechanism, the second conveyor belt drive mechanism
  • the discharging conveyor belt can be driven to transport the materials obtained from the disassembly and recovery of the photovoltaic module to the storage container.
  • the recycling device assembly further includes an aluminum frame disassembly and recycling device, and the aluminum frame disassembly and recycling device includes a first manipulator that can remove the aluminum frame from the photovoltaic module. Disassembled.
  • the recovery device assembly further includes a junction box disassembly and recovery device, and the junction box disassembly and recovery device includes a cutter that can remove the junction box from the photovoltaic module. Solve it.
  • the recovery device assembly further includes a back plate disassembly and recovery device, the back plate disassembly and recovery device includes a first metal wire and a second metal wire, the first metal wire and the The second metal wire can disassemble the back sheet from the photovoltaic module.
  • the recycling device assembly further includes a glass dismantling and recycling device, the glass dismantling and recycling device includes a third metal wire and a fourth metal wire, the third metal wire and the first metal wire Four metal wires can disassemble the glass from the photovoltaic module.
  • the recycling device component further includes a silicon material dismantling and recycling device, and the silicon material dismantling and recycling device includes a second manipulator, and the second manipulator is used to crush the components in the photovoltaic module. Crystal silicon cells are used to obtain silicon materials.
  • the recycling device assembly further includes a silver disassembly and recycling device, and the silver disassembly and recycling device includes a third manipulator capable of removing the silver ribbon from the photovoltaic module. Disassembled.
  • the mobile device further includes a fixed leg, the fixed leg is disposed on the frame, and the fixed leg is used to fix and support the photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device when it is working.
  • the frame is a fixed leg, the fixed leg is disposed on the frame, and the fixed leg is used to fix and support the photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device when it is working.
  • the present utility model provides a movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device.
  • the mobile device can bring the recovery device components to the site for photovoltaic
  • the modules are directly recycled, without the need to pack the used photovoltaic modules and transport them to the recycling plant, which greatly improves the recycling efficiency of photovoltaic modules and reduces transportation costs.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly and recycling process of the aluminum frame.
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly and recycling process of the junction box.
  • Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly and recycling process of the glass and the back plate.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the disassembly and recycling process of silicon materials and silver-containing solder ribbons.
  • 3 mobile device 31 frame; 32 frame drive mechanism; 33 fixed outriggers;
  • Recycling device components 41 aluminum frame disassembly and recycling device; 411 first manipulator; 42 junction box disassembly and recycling device; 421 cutter; 43 back plate disassembly and recycling device; 431 first metal wire; 432 second Metal wire; 44 glass dismantling and recycling device; 441 third wire; 442 fourth wire; 45 silicon material dismantling and recycling device; 451 second manipulator; 46 silver dismantling and recycling device; 461 third manipulator.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device includes a feeding device 1, a discharging device 2, a moving device 3 and a recovery device assembly 4.
  • the recycling device assembly 4 includes an aluminum frame disassembly and recycling device 41, a junction box disassembly and recycling device 42, a back plate disassembly and recycling device 43, a glass disassembly and recycling device 44, and a silicon material disassembly and recycling device 45 And silver disassembly and recovery device 46.
  • the feeding device 1 includes a feeding conveyor belt 11 and a first conveyor belt driving mechanism (not shown in the figure).
  • the feeding conveyor belt 11 is used to place waste photovoltaic modules, and the first belt driving mechanism can drive the feeding conveyor belt 11 to move the waste photovoltaic modules to the recycling device assembly 4.
  • the discharging device 2 is used to transport the materials obtained by disassembly and recovery to a corresponding storage container (for example, a recovery box corresponding to each material).
  • the structure of the discharging device 2 can be similar to the structure of the feeding device 1, or a conveyor belt can be used for transportation. That is, the discharging device 2 may include a discharging conveying belt and a second conveying belt driving mechanism, and the second conveying belt driving mechanism can drive the discharging conveying belt to transport the disassembled and recovered materials to the corresponding storage container.
  • storage container may be a box-like structure or a plate-shaped structure capable of carrying various materials obtained by recycling.
  • the moving device 3 includes a frame 31, a frame driving mechanism 32 and a fixed leg 33.
  • the frame drive mechanism 32 is used to drive the frame 31 to move, and the fixed legs 33 are provided on the frame 31 to fix and support the frame 31 when the photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device is working.
  • the feeding device 1 and the discharging device 2 are both installed on the frame 31.
  • the recovery device assembly 4 is disposed on the frame 31, and the recovery device assembly 4 moves with the frame.
  • the aluminum frame disassembly and recovery device 41 includes a first manipulator 411, and the first manipulator 411 can disassemble the aluminum frame 20 and disassemble The aluminum frame 20 that comes down can be sent into the aluminum frame recovery box through the discharging device 2.
  • the junction box disassembly and recovery device 42 includes a cutter 421, which can cut and separate the junction box 60 from the back plate 40, and the disassembled junction box 60 can pass through The material device 2 is sent to the junction box recovery box.
  • the back plate disassembly and recovery device 43 includes a first metal wire 431, a second metal wire 432 and a heating device (not shown in the figure).
  • the heating device is used to heat the first The metal wire 431 and the second metal wire 432.
  • the first metal wire 431 and the second metal wire 432 are heated to a certain temperature by a heating device and then sequentially pass between the back plate 40 and the crystalline silicon cell 10, so that the back plate 40 is disassembled.
  • the untied back plate 40 can be sent into the back plate recovery box through the discharging device 2.
  • the function of the first metal wire 431 is mainly to melt the EVA film 50
  • the function of the second metal wire 432 is mainly to prevent the EVA film 50 from cooling and solidifying and causing re-adhesion.
  • the first metal wire 431 may be heated to 180°C, and the second metal wire 432 may be heated to 70°C.
  • the first metal wire 431 and the second metal wire 432 may be steel wires.
  • the glass disassembly and recovery device 44 includes a third metal wire 441 and a fourth metal wire 442.
  • the third metal wire 441 and the fourth metal wire 442 pass through between the glass 30 and the crystalline silicon cell 10 after being heated to a certain temperature by the heating device, so that the glass 30 can be disassembled, and the disassembled glass 30 can pass through.
  • the material device 2 is sent into the glass recovery box.
  • the function of the third metal wire 441 is mainly to melt the EVA film 50
  • the function of the fourth metal wire 442 is mainly to prevent the EVA film 50 from cooling and solidifying and causing re-adhesion.
  • the third metal wire 441 may be heated to 180°C, and the fourth metal wire 442 may be heated to 70°C.
  • the third metal wire 441 and the fourth metal wire 442 may be a metal alloy.
  • the glass dismantling and recycling device 44 and the back plate dismantling and recycling device 43 can be dismantled using the same two metal wires, and can be dismantled using two different metal wires respectively (ie, a total of Set four wires).
  • the silicon material disassembly and recovery device 45 includes a second manipulator 451.
  • the second manipulator 451 can crush the crystalline silicon cell 10, and then recover the silicon material, and the obtained silicon material It can be sent into the silicon material recovery box through the discharging device 2.
  • the silver disassembly and recovery device 46 includes a third manipulator 461, and the third manipulator 461 can dismantle the silver-containing solder ribbon, and the disassembled silver-containing solder ribbon can be fed into the solder ribbon through the discharge device 2. Silver ribbon in the recycling bin.
  • first manipulator 411, the second manipulator 451, and the third manipulator 461 may be different manipulators, or may be the same manipulator.
  • the working sequence of each disassembly and recycling device in the recycling device assembly 4 is variable.
  • the junction box may be disassembled first, or the back plate may be disassembled first.
  • the various dismantling and recycling devices can work at the same time, for example, the back plate dismantling and the glass dismantling can be performed at the same time, and the silicon material dismantling and recycling and the silver material dismantling and recycling can be performed simultaneously.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device further includes a control device, which is connected to the above-mentioned devices, and is used to control the operation of each device of the photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device also includes a power unit that provides power to each device, and the power unit can be integrated on the mobile device 3.
  • the power unit can have its own power source, or it can use an on-site power source.
  • a power conversion mechanism needs to be provided in the power unit to convert the on-site power source into the power required by each device.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device may also include a spare disassembly and recovery device, which can be used for more detailed disassembly of materials, such as decomposing and extracting EVA film.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recycling device can be moved to the site where the waste photovoltaic modules are located.
  • waste photovoltaic modules are sent to the recycling device assembly 4 through the feeding device 1.
  • the dismantling and recycling devices in the recycling device assembly 4 are used to disassemble and recycle the waste photovoltaic modules, and the materials obtained from the disassembly and recycling are put into a designated container.
  • the materials obtained from the disassembly and recycling can be directly transported to the raw material plant for reuse through transportation equipment.
  • the movable photovoltaic module disassembly and recovery device has at least the following advantages:
  • the mobile device can bring the recycling device components to the site to directly recycle the photovoltaic components without dismantling the waste.
  • the photovoltaic modules are packaged and transported to the recycling factory, which greatly improves the recycling efficiency of photovoltaic modules and reduces transportation costs.
  • both the feeding device and the discharging device use conveyor belts for conveying
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the feeding device and the discharging device can also use conveying rollers and conveying Block or other conveying mechanism for conveying.
  • the driving mechanism used in the feeding device and the discharging device may be a motor, an air cylinder, or a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and three wires or more can also be used.
  • a metal wire to further ensure the successful disassembly the temperature of the wire used in sequence can be lower and lower, that is, the temperature of the third wire can be lower than the temperature of the second wire.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first wire can be heated to any temperature between 75°C and 200°C
  • the second wire can be heated to any temperature between normal temperature and 75°C. Among them, it can be understood that if the second metal wire is at room temperature, the second metal wire does not need to be heated.
  • the first wire can be heated to any temperature between 120°C and 200°C
  • the second wire can be heated to any temperature between 75°C and 120°C
  • the third wire can be heated to any temperature between normal temperature and 75°C. Among them, it can be understood that if the third metal wire is required to be at room temperature, the third metal wire does not need to be heated.
  • the back plate disassembly and recovery device and the glass disassembly and recovery device both use metal wires for disassembly, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the metal wire can be replaced with a blade.
  • the metal wire can be replaced with a blade.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and the aluminum frame can also be disassembled by suction or extrusion.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
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Abstract

一种可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置。该可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置包括移动装置(3)和回收装置组件(4)，所述移动装置(3)包括车架(31)和车架驱动机构(32)，所述回收装置组件(4)设置于所述车架(31)上，用于对光伏组件进行拆解回收，所述车架驱动机构(32)能够驱动所述车架(31)带着所述回收装置组件(4)一起移动。该可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置能够大大提高光伏组件的回收效率。

Description

可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置
相关申请的引用
本发明要求2019年7月30日在中国提交的，名称为“可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置”、申请号为201921210958.8的实用新型专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本实用新型涉及光伏组件拆解回收技术领域，具体涉及一种可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置。
背景技术
随着太阳能光伏产业的迅猛发展，废旧光伏组件的回收处理成为一个不可避免的问题。
图1示出了现有技术中的一种光伏组件的结构示意图。如图1所示，光伏电池组件一般包括晶硅电池片10、铝边框20、玻璃30、背板40、EVA(Polyethylene Vinyl Acetate，聚乙烯-聚醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)膜50、和接线盒60。其中，玻璃30和电池片10之间及背板40和电池片10之间均设有EVA膜50，铝边框20用于固定各个构件。这些材料大部分都能够回收再利用，对这些材料进行回收一方面可以节约资源，另一方面可以减少对生态环境的影响和破坏。
在现有的光伏组件回收模式中，通常是先将光伏组件拆卸，然后打包运输到回收工厂，回收工厂拆包后再以人工拆解的方式回收其中可回收部分，回收得到的材料运到原料厂进行再利用，不可回收部分被遗弃或者焚烧掉。
在现有的回收模式中，需要对光伏组件进行拆卸打包运输到回收工厂， 拆解回收完后，需要再把回收得到的材料运输到原料厂，整个回收过程较为繁杂，回收效率较低，且运输成本较高。
实用新型内容
基于现有技术中的上述缺陷，本实用新型的目的在于提供一种能够提高光伏组件的回收效率的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置。
为此，本实用新型提供如下技术方案。
本实用新型提供了一种可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置包括移动装置和回收装置组件，
所述移动装置包括车架和车架驱动机构，
所述回收装置组件设置于所述车架上，用于对光伏组件进行拆解回收，所述车架驱动机构能够驱动所述车架带着所述回收装置组件一起移动。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括入料装置，所述入料装置包括传动连接的入料传输带和第一传输带驱动机构，所述入料传输带用于放置所述光伏组件，
所述第一传输带驱动机构能够驱动所述入料传输带带着所述光伏组件移动至所述回收装置组件中。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括出料装置，所述出料装置包括出料传输带和第二传输带驱动机构，所述第二传输带驱动机构能够驱动所述出料传输带将从所述光伏组件中拆解回收得到的材料输送至存储容器中。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括铝边框拆解及回收装置，所述铝边框拆解及回收装置包括第一机械手，所述第一机械手能够将铝边框从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括接线盒拆解及回收装置，所述接线盒拆解及回收装置包括切刀，所述切刀能够将接线盒从所述光 伏组件中拆解下来。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括背板拆解及回收装置，所述背板拆解及回收装置包括第一金属丝和第二金属丝，所述第一金属丝和所述第二金属丝能够将背板从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括玻璃拆解及回收装置，所述玻璃拆解及回收装置包括第三金属丝和第四金属丝，所述第三金属丝和所述第四金属丝能够将玻璃从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括硅材料拆解及回收装置，所述硅材料拆解及回收装置包括第二机械手，所述第二机械手用于破碎所述光伏组件中的晶硅电池片而得到硅材料。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述回收装置组件还包括银拆解及回收装置，所述银拆解及回收装置包括第三机械手，所述第三机械手能够将含银焊带从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
在至少一个实施方式中，所述移动装置还包括固定支腿，所述固定支腿设置于所述车架上，所述固定支腿用于在所述光伏组件拆解回收装置工作时固定支撑所述车架。
通过采用上述的技术方案，本实用新型提供了一种可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，通过将回收装置组件集成到移动装置的车架上，移动装置能够带着回收装置组件到现场对光伏组件直接进行回收，无需将废旧的光伏组件打包后运输到回收工厂，这使得光伏组件的回收效率得到了很大的提高，也能够降低运输成本。
附图说明
图1示出了现有技术中的一种光伏组件的结构示意图。
图2示出了根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置的结构示意图。
图3示出了铝边框拆解及回收过程的示意图。
图4示出了接线盒拆解及回收过程的示意图。
图5示出了玻璃及背板的拆解及回收过程的示意图。
图6示出了硅材料及含银焊带的拆解及回收过程的示意图。
附图标记说明
10晶硅电池片；20铝边框；30玻璃；40背板；50EVA膜；60接线盒；
1入料装置；11入料传输带；
2出料装置；
3移动装置；31车架；32车架驱动机构；33固定支腿；
4回收装置组件；41铝边框拆解及回收装置；411第一机械手；42接线盒拆解及回收装置；421切刀；43背板拆解及回收装置；431第一金属丝；432第二金属丝；44玻璃拆解及回收装置；441第三金属丝；442第四金属丝；45硅材料拆解及回收装置；451第二机械手；46银拆解及回收装置；461第三机械手。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本实用新型的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本实用新型，而不用于穷举本实用新型的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本实用新型的保护范围。
下面根据图2至图6详细说明根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置的具体实施方式。
在本实施方式中，如图2所示，根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置包括入料装置1、出料装置2、移动装置3和回收装置组件4。
其中，回收装置组件4包括铝边框拆解及回收装置41、接线盒拆解及回 收装置42、背板拆解及回收装置43、玻璃拆解及回收装置44、硅材料拆解及回收装置45和银拆解及回收装置46。
在本实施方式中，入料装置1包括入料传输带11和第一传输带驱动机构(图中未示出)。其中，入料传输带11用于放置废旧的光伏组件，第一传输带驱动机构可以驱动入料传输带11带着废旧的光伏组件移动至回收装置组件4中。
在本实施方式中，出料装置2用于将拆解回收得到的材料输送至相应的存储容器中(例如，各个材料相对应的回收箱)。其中，出料装置2的结构可以与入料装置1的结构相似，也可以使用传输带进行输送。即，出料装置2可以包括出料传输带和第二传输带驱动机构，第二传输带驱动机构能够驱动出料传输带将拆解回收得到的材料输送至相应的存储容器中。
可以理解，上述的“存储容器”既可以是箱体类的结构，也可以是能够承载回收得到的各种材料的板状结构。
在本实施方式中，如图2所示，移动装置3包括车架31、车架驱动机构32和固定支腿33。其中，车架驱动机构32用于驱动车架31移动，固定支腿33设置于车架31上，用于在光伏组件拆解回收装置工作时固定支撑车架31。
在本实施方式中，入料装置1和出料装置2均设置于车架31上。
在本实施方式中，如图2所示，回收装置组件4设置于车架31上，回收装置组件4随车架一起移动。
在本实施方式中，结合图1示出的光伏组件，如图3所示，铝边框拆解及回收装置41包括第一机械手411，第一机械手411能够将铝边框20拆解下来，拆解下来的铝边框20可以通过出料装置2送入铝边框回收箱中。
在本实施方式中，如图4所示，接线盒拆解及回收装置42包括切刀421，切刀421能够将接线盒60与背板40切割分离，拆解下来的接线盒60可以通过出料装置2送入接线盒回收箱中。
在本实施方式中，如图5所示，背板拆解及回收装置43包括第一金属丝431、第二金属丝432和加热装置(图中未示出)，加热装置用于加热第一金属丝431和第二金属丝432。
在本实施方式中，第一金属丝431和第二金属丝432经过加热装置加热至一定温度后依次从背板40和晶硅电池片10之间穿过，使得背板40拆解下来，拆解下来的背板40可以通过出料装置2送入背板回收箱中。其中，第一金属丝431的作用主要在于熔化EVA膜50，第二金属丝432的作用主要在于防止EVA膜50冷却凝固造成再次黏连。
在本实施方式中，第一金属丝431可以被加热至180℃，第二金属丝432可以被加热至70℃。可选地，第一金属丝431和第二金属丝432可以为钢丝。
在本实施方式中，如图5所示，玻璃拆解及回收装置44包括第三金属丝441和第四金属丝442。
第三金属丝441和第四金属丝442经过加热装置加热至一定温度后依次从玻璃30和晶硅电池片10之间穿过，使得玻璃30拆解下来，拆解下来的玻璃30可以通过出料装置2送入玻璃回收箱中。其中，第三金属丝441的作用主要在于熔化EVA膜50，第四金属丝442的作用主要在于防止EVA膜50冷却凝固造成再次黏连。
在本实施方式中，第三金属丝441可以被加热至180℃，第四金属丝442可以被加热至70℃。可选地，第三金属丝441和第四金属丝442可以为金属合金。
在本实施方式中，玻璃拆解及回收装置44与背板拆解及回收装置43可以使用相同的两条金属丝进行拆解，可以分别使用不同的两条金属丝进行拆解(即，共设置四条金属丝)。
在本实施方式中，如图6所示，硅材料拆解及回收装置45包括第二机械手451，第二机械手451能够将晶硅电池片10进行破碎，进而回收硅材料，破 碎得到的硅材料可以通过出料装置2送入硅材料回收箱中。
在本实施方式中，银拆解及回收装置46包括第三机械手461，第三机械手461能够将含银焊带拆解下来，拆解得到的含银焊带可以通过出料装置2送入含银焊带回收箱中。
在本实施方式中，也可以采用碾压、搅碎等方式破碎晶硅电池片10(不使用机械手)，进而得到硅材料和含银焊带。
在本实施方式中，第一机械手411、第二机械手451和第三机械手461可以为不同的机械手，也可以为同一个机械手。
在本实施方式中，回收装置组件4中的各个拆解及回收装置的工作顺序是可变的，例如既可以先拆解接线盒，也可以先拆解背板。此外，各个拆解及回收装置可以同时工作，例如背板拆解和玻璃拆解可以同时进行，以及硅材料拆解回收和银材料拆解回收可以同时进行等。
可以理解，根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括控制装置，控制装置和上述各个装置连接，用于控制光伏组件拆解回收装置的各个装置工作。
同时，根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括给各个装置提供动力的动力单元，动力单元可以集成于移动装置3上。其中，动力单元可以自带动力源，也可以使用现场的动力源，此时动力单元中需要设置动力转换机构将现场的动力源转换成各个装置所需的动力。
在本实施方式中，根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还可以包括备用的拆解及回收装置，可以用来对材料进行更细的拆解，例如分解提取EVA膜等。
下面说明根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置的工作过程。
在本实施方式中，当需要回收废旧的光伏组件时，可以先将可移动的光 伏组件拆解回收装置移动至废旧的光伏组件所在现场。
然后将废旧的光伏组件通过入料装置1送入回收装置组件4中。使用回收装置组件4中的各个拆解及回收装置对废旧的光伏组件进行拆解回收，拆解回收得到的材料放入指定的容器中。
最后，拆解回收得到的材料可以直接通过运输设备运输到原料厂进行再利用。
通过采用上述技术方案，根据本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置至少具有如下优点：
(1)在本实用新型的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置中，通过将回收装置组件集成到移动装置上，移动装置能够带着回收装置组件到现场对光伏组件直接进行回收，无需将废旧的光伏组件打包后运输到回收工厂，这使得光伏组件的回收效率得到了很大的提高，也能够降低运输成本。
以上的具体实施方式对本实用新型的技术方案进行了详细阐述，但是还需要补充说明的是：
(1)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了入料装置和出料装置中均使用传输带进行输送，但是本实用新型不限于此，入料装置和出料装置中也均可以使用输送辊、输送块或其它输送机构进行输送。其中，入料装置和出料装置中使用的驱动机构可以为电机、气缸或液压缸等。
(2)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了背板拆解及回收装置和玻璃拆解及回收装置中均使用两条金属丝，但是本实用新型不限于此，也可以使用三条金属丝或更多条金属丝以进一步保证拆解成功。其中，依次使用的金属丝的温度可以越来越低，即，第三条金属丝的温度可以小于第二条金属丝的温度。
(3)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了背板拆解及回收装置和玻璃拆解及回收装置中使用的两条金属丝分别被加热至180℃和70℃，但是本实用新型不限于此，第一条金属丝可以被加热至75℃至200℃之间的任一温度，第二 条金属丝可以被加热至常温至75℃之间的任一温度。其中，可以理解，如果第二条金属丝为常温，那么第二条金属丝可以不用加热。
此外，当金属丝为三条时，第一条金属丝可以被加热至120℃至200℃之间的任一温度，第二条金属丝可以被加热至75℃至120℃之间的任一温度，第三条金属丝可以被加热至常温至75℃之间的任一温度。其中，可以理解，如果需要第三条金属丝为常温，那么第三条金属丝可以不用加热。
(4)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了背板拆解及回收装置和玻璃拆解及回收装置中均使用金属丝进行拆解，但是本实用新型不限于此，金属丝可以替换为刀片。此外，也可以对光伏组件进行整体加热，然后使用机械手拆解背板和玻璃。
(5)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了采用第一机械手拆卸铝边框，但是本实用新型不限于此，也可以采用吸力式或挤压式的方式拆卸铝边框。
(6)虽然在上述实施方式中说明了采用机械手回收硅材料和含银焊带，但是本实用新型不限于此，也可以采用化学反应的方法进行回收硅材料和银材料。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置包括移动装置(3)和回收装置组件(4)，
    所述移动装置(3)包括车架(31)和车架驱动机构(32)，
    所述回收装置组件(4)设置于所述车架(31)上，用于对光伏组件进行拆解回收，所述车架驱动机构(32)能够驱动所述车架(31)带着所述回收装置组件(4)一起移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括入料装置(1)，
    所述入料装置(1)包括传动连接的入料传输带(11)和第一传输带驱动机构，所述入料传输带(11)用于放置所述光伏组件，
    所述第一传输带驱动机构能够驱动所述入料传输带(11)带着所述光伏组件移动至所述回收装置组件(4)中。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置还包括出料装置(2)，
    所述出料装置(2)包括出料传输带和第二传输带驱动机构，所述第二传输带驱动机构能够驱动所述出料传输带将从所述光伏组件中拆解回收得到的材料输送至存储容器中。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括铝边框拆解及回收装置(41)，
    所述铝边框拆解及回收装置(41)包括第一机械手(411)，所述第一机械手(411)能够将铝边框(20)从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括接线盒拆解及回收装置(42)，
    所述接线盒拆解及回收装置(42)包括切刀(421)，所述切刀(421)能够将接线盒(60)从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括背板拆解及回收装置(43)，
    所述背板拆解及回收装置(43)包括第一金属丝(431)和第二金属丝(432)，所述第一金属丝(431)和所述第二金属丝(432)能够将背板(40)从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括玻璃拆解及回收装置(44)，
    所述玻璃拆解及回收装置(44)包括第三金属丝(441)和第四金属丝(442)，所述第三金属丝(441)和所述第四金属丝(442)能够将玻璃(30)从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括硅材料拆解及回收装置(45)，
    所述硅材料拆解及回收装置(45)包括第二机械手(451)，所述第二机械手(451)用于破碎所述光伏组件中的晶硅电池片而得到硅材料。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述回收装置组件(4)还包括银拆解及回收装置(46)，
    所述银拆解及回收装置(46)包括第三机械手(461)，所述第三机械手(461)能够将含银焊带从所述光伏组件中拆解下来。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的可移动的光伏组件拆解回收装置，其特征在于，所述移动装置(3)还包括固定支腿(33)，
    所述固定支腿(33)设置于所述车架(31)上，所述固定支腿(33)用于在所述光伏组件拆解回收装置工作时固定支撑所述车架(31)。
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