WO2021015207A1 - 電力貯蔵システムおよび電力貯蔵方法 - Google Patents
電力貯蔵システムおよび電力貯蔵方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021015207A1 WO2021015207A1 PCT/JP2020/028324 JP2020028324W WO2021015207A1 WO 2021015207 A1 WO2021015207 A1 WO 2021015207A1 JP 2020028324 W JP2020028324 W JP 2020028324W WO 2021015207 A1 WO2021015207 A1 WO 2021015207A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
- H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a power storage system and a power storage method.
- a hydrogen system equipped with a fuel cell and a hydrogen production device For example, there is known a method of adjusting the long-term power supply-demand balance by setting a planned target value of hydrogen storage. Further, there is known a method of operating an electrolyzer to suppress a voltage rise when the voltage value of the power system exceeds the upper limit value. Further, a method of adjusting the voltage by determining the output amount of the reactive power for each power supply device is known.
- the problem to be solved by the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a power storage system and a power storage method capable of effectively stabilizing the power system.
- the power storage system is connected to a first point located on the distribution line of the first power system, and a hydrogen production unit that produces hydrogen using the power supplied from the first point.
- the system further comprises a hydrogen storage unit for storing hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit.
- the system is further connected to a point different from the first point, connected to a second point located on the distribution line of the first power system or the distribution line of the second power system, and stored in the hydrogen storage unit. It is provided with a fuel cell unit that generates electric power using the generated hydrogen and supplies the electric power obtained by the electric power generation to the second point.
- FIGS. 1 to 9 the same or similar configurations are designated by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power storage system 1a of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 shows a power storage system 1a connected to a distribution line 5 of a certain power system, a substation 2, a renewable energy power generation device 3, and one or more power consumers 4.
- This power system is an example of the first power system.
- the electric power storage system 1a includes a control unit 11, a hydrogen production unit 12, a hydrogen storage unit 13, and a fuel cell unit 14.
- the electric power storage system 1a produces hydrogen using the electric power from the distribution line 5, stores the produced hydrogen, generates electric power using the stored electric power, and supplies the electric power obtained by the electric power to the wiring line 5.
- the system is configured. Details of each block of the power storage system 1a will be described later.
- Distribution line 5 is laid from substation 2.
- the side closer to the substation 2 (upstream side) is called the power transmission end side, and the side far from the substation 2 (downstream side) is called the demand end side.
- the renewable energy power generation device 3 is a device that generates power from renewable energy (for example, solar power generation or wind power generation).
- Reference numeral P1 indicates a connection point of the renewable energy power generation device 3 with respect to the distribution line 5.
- the connection point P1 is located downstream of the substation 2.
- the electric power obtained by the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 3 is supplied to the wiring line 5 via the connection point P1.
- the electric power consumer 4 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point downstream of the substation 2.
- An example of the electric power consumer 4 is a general house or the like.
- FIG. 1 shows electric power consumers “A” and “B” connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point between the substation 2 and the connection point P1 as an example of the electric power consumer 4.
- the distribution line 5 is laid so as to extend from the substation 2.
- the distribution line 5 is also called a feeder.
- the distribution line 5 uses a wire having a smaller diameter because the current flowing at a point farther from the substation 2 decreases.
- the control unit 11 controls various operations of the power storage system 1a. Examples of the control unit 11 are a computer, a processor, an electric circuit, and the like. A specific example of the control performed by the control unit 11 will be described later.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2 downstream of the substation 2.
- the connection point P2 of the present embodiment is located between the substation 2 and the connection point P1.
- the connection point P2 is an example of the first point.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 produces hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P2.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 produces hydrogen by an electrolysis method such as alkaline water electrolysis.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 of the present embodiment is connected to the hydrogen storage unit 13 by a hydrogen flow path, and the produced hydrogen is sent to the hydrogen storage unit 13 via this hydrogen flow path.
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 stores hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 12. Specifically, the hydrogen storage unit 13 receives the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 12 from the above hydrogen flow path and stores the received hydrogen.
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 is composed of, for example, a high-pressure hydrogen gas container or a hydrogen storage alloy, and has a function of receiving hydrogen and storing it for a certain period of time and then supplying hydrogen, and a function of measuring the amount of hydrogen stored. ..
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 of the present embodiment is connected to the fuel cell unit 14 by a hydrogen flow path, and the stored hydrogen is sent to the fuel cell unit 14 via the hydrogen flow path.
- the fuel cell unit 14 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3 downstream of the substation 2.
- the connection point P3 of the present embodiment is located between the substation 2 and the connection point P2.
- the connection point P3 is an example of a second point different from the first point.
- the fuel cell unit 14 generates electric power using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13, and supplies the electric power obtained by the electric power generation to the connection point P3.
- the fuel cell unit 14 receives the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13 from the above-mentioned hydrogen flow path, and generates electricity using the received hydrogen.
- the fuel cell unit 14 is composed of, for example, a solid polymer type or solid oxide type fuel cell.
- the control unit 11 controls, for example, the operations of the hydrogen production unit 12, the hydrogen storage unit 13, and the fuel cell unit 14.
- the control unit 11 determines the hydrogen production amount of the hydrogen production unit 12 and the power generation output of the fuel cell unit 14, and commands the hydrogen production amount and the power generation output to the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14, respectively.
- the command value of this embodiment is determined based on the time when the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14 generate hydrogen and generate electricity, and the hydrogen storage amount measured by the hydrogen storage unit 13.
- the renewable energy power generation device 3 is a photovoltaic power generation device
- the renewable energy power generation device 3 generates power only in the daytime, so that the control unit 11 rates hydrogen in the hydrogen production unit 12 in the daytime.
- the command value is determined so that the fuel cell unit 14 can generate electricity at the rated value at night.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14 of the present embodiment are connected to the distribution line 5 at connection points P2 and P3, respectively, and are connected to the wiring line 5 at different connection points.
- connection point P2 and the connection point P3 are separated from each other by several hundred meters or several kilometers. The advantages of adopting such an arrangement will be described below.
- the voltage at a point on the distribution line 5 increases as the point is closer to substation 2, and decreases as the point is farther from substation 2. Further, when determining the design value of the voltage on the distribution line 5, it is common to set the design value lower as the point is farther from the substation 2. For example, when there is a region A near the substation 2 and a region B far from the substation, the voltage of the region A falls within the range of 7000 to 6800V, and the voltage of the region B falls within the range of 6800 to 6600V. As described above, the voltage of the distribution line 5 is designed.
- connection point P1 is desirable that the connection point P1 be as close to the substation 2 as possible because the effect of voltage fluctuations is small.
- the substation 2 is usually constructed near the electric power consumer 4, the renewable energy power generator 3 is often installed in a large area of land away from the substation 2 and the electric power consumer 4. , The connection point P1 is often far from the substation 2.
- connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 be as close to the substation 2 as possible.
- connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 be as far as possible from the renewable energy power generation device 3. The reason is that if the voltage at a certain point on the distribution line 5 rises due to the renewable energy power generation device 3 and the fuel cell unit 14, the voltage at that point rises significantly. Therefore, the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 of the present embodiment is located on the substation 2 side between the substation 2 and the connection point P1.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 also has an action of changing the voltage of the distribution line 5. Therefore, the presence of the hydrogen production unit 12 also makes it difficult to determine the design value of the voltage.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 has an effect of lowering the voltage of the distribution line 5. Therefore, it is desirable that the connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 is as close as possible to the connection point P1 of the renewable energy power generation device 3. The reason is that even if the voltage of the distribution line 5 rises at the connection point P1 due to the renewable energy power generation, the voltage of the distribution line 5 can be lowered at the connection point P2 to return to a normal value. Therefore, the connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 of the present embodiment is located on the connection point P1 side between the substation 2 and the connection point P1.
- connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 and the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 are separated by separating the connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 and the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14. If the connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 and the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 are the same, the fuel cell unit 14 is connected to the connection point P1 while connecting the hydrogen production unit 12 to the substation 2 side. Because it cannot be done. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 and the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 are different points from each other.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 is arranged near the renewable energy power generation device 3, the voltage drop at the connection point P2 can be canceled by the voltage rise at the connection point P1, but the hydrogen production unit 12 is the fuel cell unit 14. Even if they are placed close to each other, it is difficult to enjoy the same benefits. The reason is that hydrogen production by the hydrogen production unit 12 and power generation by the fuel cell unit 14 are generally performed at different times.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2 and the fuel cell connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3 different from the connection point P2. It is provided with a unit 14. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to effectively stabilize the power system provided with the distribution line 5.
- connection point P2 and the connection point P3 of the present embodiment are separated from each other by, for example, about 100 m to 10 km on the distribution line 5, but may be separated from each other by other lengths.
- connection point P2 of the present embodiment is located between the substation 2 and the connection point P1 on the distribution line 5, but is located further away from the substation 2 than the connection point P1 on the distribution line 5. You may be doing it. In the latter case, the connection point P1 is located between the substation 2 and the connection point P2 on the distribution line 5.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power storage system 1b of the second embodiment.
- the power storage system 1b of FIG. 2 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1a of FIG. 1, and also includes a measurement unit 15.
- the measuring unit 15 measures the value related to the distribution status on the distribution line 5 and the value related to the power generation of the renewable energy power generation device 3 connected to the distribution line 5. For example, the measuring unit 15 measures the voltage on the distribution line 5 and the generated power of the renewable energy power generation device 3. The measured value measured by the measuring unit 15 is output to the control unit 11.
- the control unit 11 controls the input of electric power from the connection point P2 to the hydrogen production unit 12 and the output of electric power from the fuel cell unit 14 to the connection point P3 based on the measured value from the measurement unit 15. For example, the control unit 11 determines the input amount and input timing of the electric power to the hydrogen production unit 12 and the electric power from the fuel cell unit 14 based on the voltage on the distribution line 5 or the electric power generated by the renewable energy power generation device 3. The output amount and output timing are determined, the determined input amount and input timing command value are notified to the hydrogen production unit 12, and the determined output amount and output timing command value are notified to the fuel cell unit 14.
- the control unit 11 when the voltage at a certain point on the distribution line 5 is higher than the upper limit value, or when the generated power is larger than the upper limit value, the control unit 11 starts hydrogen production in the hydrogen production unit 12. Issue a command to that effect.
- the control unit 11 issues a command to the hydrogen production unit 12 to stop hydrogen production. put out.
- the control unit 11 when the voltage at a certain point on the distribution line 5 is lower than the lower limit value, or when the generated power is smaller than the lower limit value, the control unit 11 starts power generation in the fuel cell unit 14. Issue a command to that effect. On the other hand, when the voltage at a certain point on the distribution line 5 is higher than the lower limit value and the generated power is larger than the lower limit value, the control unit 11 issues a command to the fuel cell unit 14 to stop power generation. ..
- the power storage system 1b in consideration of the state of the distribution line 5 and the renewable energy power generation device 3. For example, when the voltage on the distribution line 5 is high, the hydrogen production unit 12 can produce hydrogen to lower the voltage. Further, when the generated power of the renewable energy power generation device 3 is small, it is possible to solve the power shortage by causing the fuel cell unit 14 to generate power.
- connection point P2 of the hydrogen production unit 12 is installed near the connection point P1 of the renewable energy power generation device 3, and the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14 is the substation 2. It is desirable to install it in the vicinity. As a result, the change in the generated power of the renewable energy power generation device 3 can be effectively canceled by the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production unit 12, and the voltage near the substation 2 can be effectively adjusted by the fuel cell unit 14. It will be possible.
- the measurement unit 15 of the present embodiment may use the distribution line 5'described later as a measurement target instead of the distribution line 5, or may use the renewable energy power generation device 3'described later instead of the renewable energy power generation device 3. It may be a measurement target. As described above, the measuring unit 15 may be applied to any of the embodiments described later.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power storage system 1c of the third embodiment.
- the power storage system 1c of FIG. 3 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1a of FIG. 1, but one hydrogen storage unit 13 of FIG. 1 is replaced by two hydrogen storage units 13 of FIG. It has been replaced by 13'.
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 is an example of the first hydrogen storage unit
- the hydrogen storage unit 13' is an example of the second hydrogen storage unit.
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 is connected to the hydrogen production unit 12 by a hydrogen flow path, and the hydrogen storage unit 13'is connected to the fuel cell unit 14 by another hydrogen flow path.
- the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 12 is sent to the hydrogen storage unit 13 via the hydrogen flow path and stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13.
- the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13 is transported from the hydrogen storage unit 13 to the hydrogen storage unit 13'by the hydrogen transport device 6, and is stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13'from the hydrogen transport device 6.
- An example of the hydrogen transport device 6 is a transport vehicle such as a truck.
- the fuel cell unit 14 uses the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13'to generate electricity.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2, and produces the above hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P2. Further, the fuel cell unit 14 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3, and supplies the electric power obtained by the above power generation to the connection point P3.
- the configuration of this embodiment is adopted, for example, when the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14 are far apart from each other. If the configuration of the first embodiment is adopted when the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14 are far apart, the hydrogen flow path (for example, piping) becomes long and the cost for laying the hydrogen flow path becomes high. .. On the other hand, according to the present embodiment, if the hydrogen storage unit 13 is arranged near the hydrogen production unit 12 and the hydrogen storage unit 13'is arranged near the fuel cell unit 14, the hydrogen flow path can be shortened. It becomes. This makes it possible to reduce the cost for laying the hydrogen channel.
- the hydrogen flow path for example, piping
- the transportation of hydrogen by the hydrogen transportation device 6 is also used for the transportation of other goods. As a result, it is not necessary to prepare the hydrogen transport device 6 only for the transport of hydrogen, and the hydrogen transport cost can be reduced.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power storage system 1d according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a power storage system 1d connected to a distribution line 5 of one power system and a distribution line 5'of another power system.
- FIG. 4 further shows the substations 2 and 2'connected to any of the distribution lines 5 and 5', the renewable energy power generator 3, and one or more power consumers 4.
- the former power system is an example of the first power system
- the latter power system is an example of the second power system.
- the distribution line 5 is connected to the substation 2, and the distribution line 5'is connected to the substation 2'.
- the side closer to the substation 2 (upstream side) is called the power transmission end side
- the side far from the substation 2 (downstream side) is called the demand end side.
- the side closer to the substation 2'(upstream side) is called the power transmission end side
- the side far from the substation 2'(downstream side) is called the demand end side.
- the renewable energy power generation device 3 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P1.
- the connection point P1 may be located on the distribution line 5'instead of the distribution line 5.
- the electric power consumer 4 is connected to the distribution line 5 or the distribution line 5'at the connection point downstream of the substation 2 or the substation 2'.
- FIG. 4 shows, as an example of the electric power consumer 4, the electric power consumers “A” and “B” connected to the distribution line 5 downstream of the substation 2 and the electric power consumers “A” and “B” connected to the distribution line 5 ′ downstream of the substation 2 ′.
- the electric power consumers "C” and "D" are shown.
- the distribution line 5 is laid so as to extend from the substation 2, and the distribution line 5'is laid so as to extend from the substation 2'.
- the power storage system 1d of FIG. 4 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1a of FIG. However, the hydrogen production unit 12 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2, and the fuel cell unit 14 is connected to the distribution line 5'at the connection point P3. As described above, the connection point P3 of the present embodiment is different from the connection point P2 as in the first embodiment, but is located on the distribution line 5'unlike the first embodiment.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 produces hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P2, and stores the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage unit 13.
- the connection point P2 is located near the connection point P1 between the substation 2 and the connection point P1.
- the fuel cell unit 14 generates electric power using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13, and supplies the electric power obtained by the electric power generation to the connection point P3.
- the connection point P3 is located in the vicinity of the substation 2'downstream of the substation 2'.
- the present embodiment for example, by accommodating electric power from the distribution system (distribution line 5) provided with the renewable energy power generation device 3 to another distribution system (distribution line 5'), electric power in a wider range can be obtained. It is possible to realize supply and demand adjustment.
- the configuration of FIG. 4 can be adopted.
- the hydrogen storage unit 13 in the power storage system 1d may have a small capacity, and the hydrogen storage unit 13 may serve as a buffer between the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 consumes the power to generate hydrogen. To manufacture. Then, the fuel cell unit 14 generates electric power using this hydrogen, and the electric power obtained by the electric power generation is supplied to the distribution line 5', so that the renewable energy can be effectively utilized. Further, by once converting the electric power into hydrogen, even if the frequencies of the distribution line 5 and the distribution line 5'are different, the electric power can be interchanged from the distribution line 5 to the wiring line 5'.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the power storage system 1e according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 5 shows two power systems as in FIG. 4. Further, the power storage system 1e of FIG. 5 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1d of FIG. However, the hydrogen production unit 12 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2, and the fuel cell unit 14 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3.
- the power storage system 1e of FIG. 5 further connects a hydrogen production unit 12'connected to the distribution line 5'at the connection point P2'and a fuel cell unit 14' connected to the distribution line 5'at the connection point P3'.
- the connection point P2' is located on the distribution line 5'and downstream of the substation 2'.
- the connection point P3' is located between the substation 2'and the connection point P2'on the distribution line 5', and is located near the substation 2'.
- the hydrogen production unit 12'and the fuel cell unit 14' are examples of the second hydrogen production unit and the second fuel cell unit, respectively.
- the connection point P2'and the connection point P3' are examples of the third point and the fourth point, respectively.
- the hydrogen production unit 12 produces hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P2, and stores the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage unit 13. Similarly, the hydrogen production unit 12'produces hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P2', and stores the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage unit 13. As described above, the hydrogen production unit 12 and the hydrogen production unit 12 share the hydrogen storage unit 13.
- the fuel cell unit 14 generates electricity using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13, and supplies the electric power obtained by the power generation to the connection point P3. Similarly, the fuel cell unit 14'generates power using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13 and supplies the electric power obtained by the power generation to the connection point P3'. As described above, the fuel cell unit 14 and the fuel cell unit 14'share the hydrogen storage unit 13.
- hydrogen can be produced from the electric power of either of the two electric power systems, and the hydrogen can be supplied to either of the two electric power systems.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power storage system 1f of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 6 shows two power systems as in FIG. 4. Further, the power storage system 1f of FIG. 6 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1d of FIG. However, the hydrogen production unit 12 in FIG. 4 is replaced by the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16, and the fuel cell unit 14 in FIG. 4 is replaced by the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16'.
- the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 is connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P4.
- This connection point P4 is located between the substation 2 and the connection point P1, and here, it is located near the connection point P1.
- the connection point P4 is an example of the first point.
- the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 has a function of producing hydrogen like the hydrogen production unit 12 and a function of generating power like the fuel cell unit 14. Therefore, the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 can produce hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P4, and the produced hydrogen can be stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13. Further, the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 can generate power using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13 and supply the electric power obtained by the power generation to the connection point P4.
- the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16' is connected to the distribution line 5'at the connection point P4'.
- This connection point P4' is located downstream of the substation 2', and here it is located near the substation 2'.
- the connection point P4' is an example of the second point.
- the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16' has a function of producing hydrogen like the hydrogen production unit 12 and a function of generating power like the fuel cell unit 14. Therefore, the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16'can produce hydrogen using the electric power from the connection point P4' and store the produced hydrogen in the hydrogen storage unit 13. Further, the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16'can generate power using the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit 13 and supply the electric power obtained by the power generation to the connection point P4'.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a power storage system 1f'of a modified example of the sixth embodiment.
- FIG. 7 shows two power systems as in FIG. 4. Further, the power storage system 1f'of FIG. 7 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1d of FIG. However, in the power storage system 1f'of FIG. 7, the hydrogen production unit 12 connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P2, the fuel cell unit 14 connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3, and the distribution line 5' It is equipped with a power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 connected to the connection point P4.
- the hydrogen production unit 12, the fuel cell unit 14, and the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 have the functions described in the above-described embodiments, and share the same hydrogen storage unit 13.
- the power storage system 1f of FIG. 6 includes two power generation / hydrogen production units 16 and 16', whereas the power storage system 1f' of FIG. 7 includes one power generation / hydrogen production unit 16. ..
- the number of power generation / hydrogen production units 16 constituting the power storage system may be any number.
- the power generation / hydrogen production unit 16 in FIG. 7 is connected to the distribution line 5', it may be connected to the distribution line 5 instead. In this case, the hydrogen production unit 12 and the fuel cell unit 14 may be connected to the distribution line 5'instead of the distribution line 5.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power storage system 1g of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 8 shows two power systems as in FIG. 4. Further, the power storage system 1g of FIG. 8 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1d of FIG.
- the distribution line 5'in FIG. 8 is not connected to the power system via the substation, but instead the renewable energy power generation device 3'and the power storage facility 7 are connected.
- the power system of the distribution line 5'of the present embodiment is a power system that is self-sustaining due to renewable energy.
- the renewable energy power generation device 3' is connected to the distribution line 5'at a connection point P1'away from the connection point P3 of the fuel cell unit 14.
- the power storage facility 7 is connected to the distribution line 5'at a connection point located between the connection point P3 and the connection point P1'.
- the configuration and function of the renewable energy power generation device 3' are the same as those of the above-mentioned renewable energy power generation device 3.
- surplus power is supplied from the power system of the distribution line 5 to the power system of the distribution line 5'.
- hydrogen is produced using the electric power of the distribution line 5
- power is generated using the hydrogen, and the electric power obtained by this power generation is supplied to the distribution line 5'.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the power storage system 1g'of the modified example of the seventh embodiment.
- FIG. 9 shows two power systems as in FIG. 8. Further, the power storage system 1g'of FIG. 9 has the same components and functions as the power storage system 1g of FIG. However, the power storage system 1g'of FIG. 9 includes a hydrogen production unit 12 connected to the distribution line 5'at the connection point P2, and a fuel cell unit 14 connected to the distribution line 5 at the connection point P3. .. Therefore, according to this modification, surplus power can be supplied from the power system of the distribution line 5'to the power system of the distribution line 5. Such a configuration can be adopted, for example, when surplus power is generated in the power system of the distribution line 5'.
- control of the power storage system according to any one of the first to seventh embodiments may be recorded on a recording medium as a program that can be executed by a computer.
- recording media are magnetic disks (flexible disks, hard disks, etc.), optical disks (CD-ROM, DVD, etc.), semiconductor memories, and the like.
- the above program may be stored in such a recording medium and distributed, or may be downloaded from the server device to the client device via the Internet or the like.
Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1aの構成を示すブロック図である。
図2は、第2実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1bの構成を示すブロック図である。
図3は、第3実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1cの構成を示すブロック図である。
図4は、第4実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1dの構成を示すブロック図である。
図5は、第5実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1eの構成を示すブロック図である。
図6は、第6実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1fの構成を示すブロック図である。
図8は、第7実施形態の電力貯蔵システム1gの構成を示すブロック図である。
2、2’:変電所、3、3’:再生可能エネルギー発電装置、
4:電力需要家、5、5’:配電線、6:水素輸送装置、7:蓄電設備、
11:制御部、12、12’:水素製造部、13、13’:水素貯蔵部、
14、14’:燃料電池部、15:計測部、16、16’:発電・水素製造部
Claims (11)
- 第1の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第1地点に接続され、前記第1地点から供給される電力を用いて水素を製造する水素製造部と、
前記水素製造部により製造された水素を貯蔵する水素貯蔵部と、
前記第1地点と異なる地点であり、前記第1の電力系統の配電線または第2の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第2地点に接続され、前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵された水素を用いて発電を行い、前記発電により得られた電力を前記第2地点に供給する燃料電池部と、
を備える電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記第1地点は、前記第1の電力系統の配電線上において変電所と再生可能エネルギー発電装置の接続地点との間に位置するか、または、前記第1の電力系統の配電線上において前記変電所から前記再生可能エネルギー発電装置の接続地点よりさらに遠方に位置し、
前記第2地点は、前記第1の電力系統の配電線上において前記変電所と前記第1地点との間に位置する、請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記第1または第2の電力系統の配電線上の配電状況に関する値、または、前記第1または第2の電力系統の配電線に接続された再生可能エネルギー発電装置の発電に関する値を計測する計測部と、
前記計測部により計測された前記値に基づいて、前記第1地点から供給される前記電力の前記水素製造部への入力、または、前記発電により得られた前記電力の前記燃料電池部からの出力を制御する制御部と、
をさらに備える請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記計測部は、前記配電線上の電圧、または、前記再生可能エネルギー発電装置の発電電力を計測し、
前記制御部は、前記計測部により計測された前記電圧または前記発電電力に基づいて、前記水素製造部への前記電力の入力量または入力タイミング、または、前記燃料電池部からの前記電力の出力量または出力タイミングを決定し、決定された入力量またはタイミングの指令値を前記水素製造部または前記燃料電池部へ通知する、
請求項3に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記水素貯蔵部として、前記水素製造部に接続された第1の水素貯蔵部と、前記燃料電池部に接続された第2の水素貯蔵部とを備え、
前記燃料電池部は、前記水素製造部から前記第1の水素貯蔵部に貯蔵され、前記第1の水素貯蔵部から前記第2の水素貯蔵部に輸送された水素を用いて発電を行う、請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記第1地点は、前記第1の電力系統の配電線上において変電所の下流に位置し、
前記第2地点は、前記第2の電力系統の配電線上において変電所の下流に位置し、
前記第1および第2地点の少なくともいずれかは、再生可能エネルギー発電装置の接続地点の上流に位置する、請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記水素製造部は、前記第1の電力系統の配電線上に位置する前記第1地点から供給される電力を用いて水素を製造し、前記水素を前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵し、
前記燃料電池部は、前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵された水素を用いて発電を行い、前記発電により得られた電力を前記第1の電力系統の配電線上に位置する前記第2地点に供給し、
前記第2の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第3地点に接続され、前記第3地点から供給される電力を用いて水素を製造し、前記水素を前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵する第2の水素製造部と、
前記第2の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第4地点に接続され、前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵された水素を用いて発電を行い、前記発電により得られた電力を前記第4地点に供給する第2の燃料電池部と、
をさらに備える請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記水素製造部はさらに、前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵された水素を用いて発電を行い、前記発電により得られた電力を前記第1地点に供給し、および/または、
前記燃料電池部はさらに、前記第2地点から供給される電力を用いて水素を製造し、前記水素を前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵する、
請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。 - 前記第1の電力系統または前記第2の電力系統は、再生可能エネルギーにより自立した電力系統である、請求項1に記載の電力貯蔵システム。
- 前記再生可能エネルギーにより自立した前記電力系統の配電線には、蓄電設備が接続されている、請求項9に記載の電力貯蔵システム。
- 第1の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第1地点に接続された水素製造部が、前記第1地点から供給される電力を用いて水素を製造し、
水素貯蔵部が、前記水素製造部により製造された水素を貯蔵し、
前記第1地点と異なる地点であり、前記第1の電力系統の配電線または第2の電力系統の配電線上に位置する第2地点に接続された燃料電池部が、前記水素貯蔵部内に貯蔵された水素を用いて発電を行い、前記発電により得られた電力を前記第2地点に供給する、
ことを含む電力貯蔵方法。
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JP2018085861A (ja) * | 2016-11-24 | 2018-05-31 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 水素利用システムおよび統合エネルギシステム |
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