WO2021004246A1 - Current limit controllable switching power supply - Google Patents

Current limit controllable switching power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021004246A1
WO2021004246A1 PCT/CN2020/096628 CN2020096628W WO2021004246A1 WO 2021004246 A1 WO2021004246 A1 WO 2021004246A1 CN 2020096628 W CN2020096628 W CN 2020096628W WO 2021004246 A1 WO2021004246 A1 WO 2021004246A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
power supply
switching power
current
current detection
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/096628
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯玉明
张亮
王聪
张永光
殷慧萍
谢育桦
Original Assignee
珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021004246A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021004246A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/1563—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators without using an external clock
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33507—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters
    • H02M3/33523—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters with galvanic isolation between input and output of both the power stage and the feedback loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of inductor current detection, and in particular to a switching power supply with a controllable current limit.
  • the current control mode used in the switching power supply has the characteristics of high reliability, simple loop compensation design, and simple and reliable load distribution function. Therefore, the current control mode is widely used in switching mode power supplies.
  • the constant current and constant voltage characteristics are One of the important characteristics of the current control mode switching power supply, so the accuracy of the current detection result in the switching power supply is directly related to the quality of the constant current and constant voltage characteristics, so the current detection technology of the switching power supply is one of the key research objects.
  • Inductor current detection is an important part of the current mode switch mode power supply design.
  • the inductor current detection technology in the switching power supply in the prior art not only has a complicated circuit design structure, high system power loss, narrow current detection range, and low accuracy of current detection results.
  • the present application provides a switching power supply with a controllable current limit to solve the complex structure of the inductor current detection circuit applied to the switching power supply in the prior art and the system power loss. High, narrow current detection range, and low accuracy of current detection results.
  • this application provides a switching power supply with controllable current limit, including: an energy supply circuit, a current detection circuit, a logic control circuit and a MOS transistor;
  • the output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit is used to detect the output current of the power supply circuit;
  • the output terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the logic control circuit is used to receive the output signal of the current detection circuit , Controlling the turning on or turning off of the MOS transistor according to the output signal of the current detection circuit;
  • the source of the MOS tube is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit.
  • the current detection circuit includes: a first proportional resistor, a second proportional resistor, a withstand voltage switch unit, and a voltage comparator, and the second proportional resistor is grounded;
  • the input end of the withstand voltage switch unit is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit, and the output end is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor;
  • the first connecting end of the second proportional resistor is connected to the second connecting end of the first proportional resistor, the second connecting end of the second proportional resistor is grounded, and the second proportional resistor is connected to the first proportional resistor.
  • the connection node of the resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to a preset voltage source.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a withstand voltage switch tube and a drive circuit;
  • the drive circuit is connected to the gate of the withstand voltage switch tube for driving the withstand voltage switch tube, the drain of the withstand voltage switch tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the withstand voltage
  • the source of the switch tube is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a control circuit and a depletion MOS transistor;
  • the output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the gate of the depletion type MOS transistor, and the control circuit is used to drive the depletion type MOS transistor;
  • the drain of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected with the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the source of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
  • the logic control circuit includes: an inverter and an RS flip-flop;
  • the input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the current-sense circuit, the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop, and the inverter is used to connect the current-sense circuit Invert the output signal of to obtain an inverted output signal, and transfer the inverted output signal to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop;
  • the output terminal of the RS trigger is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the RS trigger is used for determining a control signal according to the inverted output signal, and controlling the MOS transistor to turn on or off according to the control signal.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a high voltage switch
  • the first connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit, and the second connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor.
  • the energy supply circuit includes: a DC power supply and a transformer;
  • the output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the input terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the output terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit and the drain of the MOS transistor respectively.
  • the MOS tube includes: an N-type MOS tube.
  • the first proportional resistance and the second proportional resistance are proportional resistances of the same material type and proportional to the physical size.
  • the preset voltage source outputs a VREF reference voltage.
  • the present application connects the output end of the energy supply circuit to the input end of the current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit is used for detecting The output current of the energy supply circuit; the output terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is connected to the gate of the MOS tube, and the logic control circuit is used to receive The output signal of the current detection circuit controls the turning on or off of the MOS transistor according to the output signal of the current detection circuit; the source of the MOS transistor is grounded; the drain of the MOS transistor is connected to the power supply The output terminal of the circuit is connected, and the circuit design is simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a best solution of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 01-Energy supply circuit 02-Current detection circuit; 03-Logic control circuit; 04-MOS tube; 05-First proportional resistance; 06-Second proportional resistance; 07-Withstand voltage switch unit; 08-Voltage comparator; 09-Withstand voltage switch tube; 10-drive circuit; 11-depletion MOS tube; 12-control circuit.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of this application, including: an energy supply circuit 01 and a current detection circuit 02. Logic control circuit 03 and MOS tube 04;
  • the output end of the energy supply circuit 01 is connected to the input end of the current detection circuit 02, and the current detection circuit 02 is used to detect the output current of the energy supply circuit 01;
  • the constant current and constant voltage characteristics are one of the main characteristics of the switching power supply, because the detection of the current in the circuit will directly affect the constant current and constant voltage characteristics of the switching power supply.
  • the power supply circuit 01 is used to supply the circuit And load power supply, the input end of the current detection circuit 02 is connected with the output end of the energy supply circuit 01, used to detect the output current of the energy supply circuit 01, and has a real-time monitoring effect on the current.
  • the output terminal of the current detection circuit 02 is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit 03, and the logic control circuit 03 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 04.
  • the logic control circuit 03 is used to receive the output signal of the current detection circuit 02, according to the current detection circuit 02 The output signal controls the turn-on or turn-off of the MOS tube 04;
  • the output terminal of the current detection circuit 02 is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit 03, and the detection result is sent to the logic control circuit 03.
  • the logic control circuit 03 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 04 through
  • the logic control circuit 03 drives the MOS tube 04 to turn on or off to achieve the function of stabilizing current.
  • the specific current detection circuit 02 can send digital signals to the logic control circuit 03.
  • Different logic control circuits 03 use different control logic, such as RS triggering. When a high level is input at the S terminal and a low level is input at the R terminal, the Q terminal outputs a low level.
  • the Q terminal When a low level is input at the S terminal and a high level is input at the R terminal, the Q terminal outputs a high level, so the actual application
  • the selection of the middle current-sense circuit 02 and the logic control circuit 03 depends on the actual situation, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the source of the MOS tube 04 is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01;
  • the MOS transistor 04 can use an N-type MOS transistor, the source of the MOS transistor 04 is grounded, and the drain is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01 instead of the traditional resistance detection method, that is, the source of the MOS transistor 04 is used. Connect to the first end of the current-sense resistor, and the second end of the current-sense resistor is grounded. When using the resistance detection method, it is equivalent to connecting a current-sense resistor in series with the path of the MOS tube 04.
  • the power conduction loss formula of the MOS tube 04 for:
  • I avg is the average conduction current of the MOS 04 pipe
  • R on is the on-resistance of the MOS transistor 04
  • R sence of sense resistor is the duty ratio of the MOS transistor 04 is turned on
  • I avg It is half of the peak current value. It can be seen from the above formula that when a current- sense resistor R sence is connected in series in the conduction circuit, the conduction loss of the MOS tube 04 is directly increased proportionally. In the medium and high-power switching power supply system, the peak current It may reach several amperes or even tens of amperes. The existence of the current- sense resistor R sence directly affects the conversion efficiency of the system.
  • the heating of the current- sense resistor R sence will also bring safety hazards to the switching power supply system and reduce the reliability of the system. Therefore, using the current-sense circuit 02 to detect the current can not only reduce the circuit loss, but also improve the safety performance of the switching power supply.
  • the current-sense resistor R is omitted. sence makes the application range of the circuit wider, and can adapt to current sampling and detection from tens of milliamps to tens of amperes. And it will not cause additional loss, but this technology requires a customized power MOS—power MOS of the MOS tube.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the current detection circuit includes: a first proportional resistor 05, a second proportional Resistor 06, withstand voltage switch unit 07 circuit and voltage comparator 08, the second proportional resistor 06 is grounded;
  • the input end of the withstand voltage switch unit 07 circuit is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit 01, and the output end is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor 05;
  • the first connection end of the second proportional resistor 06 is connected to the second connection end of the first proportional resistor 05, the second connection end of the second proportional resistor 06 is grounded, and the connection node of the second proportional resistor 06 and the first proportional resistor 05 is connected to
  • the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected, and the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected with a preset voltage source.
  • the input terminal of the withstand voltage switch unit 07 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the output terminal is connected to the first proportional resistor 05, which can prevent the flyback voltage from being generated in the circuit, thereby damaging the voltage comparison
  • the withstand voltage switch unit 07 can generally withstand a flyback voltage of about 800V, and also needs to have a switch control function, such as a high-voltage switch, and the first connection terminal of the high-voltage switch is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit ,
  • the second connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor 05, and the high voltage switch has both high voltage resistance and switching characteristics, because it can be used as the voltage resistance switch unit 07, specifically The switch can be determined according to the actual situation.
  • first proportional resistor 05 and the second proportional resistor 06 are connected in parallel, and the first proportional resistor 05 and the second proportional resistor 06 are set to be of the same material type and proportional to the physical size
  • the proportional resistor is used as a voltage divider resistor in the access circuit to protect the integrated circuit from being damaged by high voltage impact.
  • the connection node of the second proportional resistor 06 and the first proportional resistor 05 is connected to the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator 08
  • the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected to the preset voltage source.
  • the voltage comparator 08 with stable current is controlled by the withstand voltage switch unit 07 and compared with the preset voltage through the conversion of analog signals.
  • the voltage source output can use the VREF reference voltage
  • the output current of the energy supply circuit 01 gradually increases.
  • the voltage comparator 08 is switched from the output high level
  • the logic control circuit 03 achieves the purpose of controlling the MOS transistor to turn off, so as to achieve the purpose of smoothing the current of the circuit system.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned overall current-sense circuit is simpler than that of the mirrored MOS transistor instead of the current-sense resistor. , It is more accurate, and has lower loss and better safety performance than traditional circuit systems using current-sense resistors.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a withstand voltage switch tube 09 and a drive circuit 10;
  • the drive circuit 10 is connected to the gate of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 for driving the withstand voltage switch tube 09, the drain of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the source of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is connected with The first proportional resistor 05 is connected in series.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit is used to resist the flyback voltage generated in the circuit to prevent the flyback voltage from damaging the voltage comparator 08. Therefore, in the circuit protection design, it is necessary to use the withstand voltage switch unit to withstand the reverse voltage of about 800V. The characteristics of the excitation voltage also need to consider the switch control function, so the withstand voltage switch tube 09 can be selected.
  • the withstand voltage switch tube 09 includes junction tube and depletion type MOS tube. When the MOS tube in the circuit is turned on, the withstand voltage The switch tube 09 is turned on. At the same time, the voltage comparator 08 detects the current at the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01.
  • the voltage comparator 08 flips the control logic control circuit 03 to drive the MOS
  • the circuit system jumps from the energy storage stage to the conversion stage between electric energy and magnetic energy.
  • the energy supply circuit 01 includes: a DC power supply and a transformer; the output of the DC power supply is connected to the input of the primary side of the transformer, and the output of the primary side of the transformer The terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current-sense circuit and the drain of the MOS tube respectively, and the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge.
  • the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is turned off, and it is also used to resist the reaction generated from the secondary side of the transformer. Excitation voltage, to protect the components in the circuit from damage, improve the safety and stability of the switching power supply.
  • the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a control circuit 12 and a depletion MOS Tube 11;
  • the output terminal of the control circuit 12 is connected to the gate of the depletion MOS transistor 11, and the control circuit 12 is used to drive the depletion MOS transistor 11;
  • the drain of the depletion type MOS transistor 11 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the source of the depletion type MOS transistor 11 is connected in series with the first proportional resistor 05;
  • the depletion type MOS tube 11 can be used in the withstand voltage switch unit, and the MOS tube in the circuit can be an N type MOS tube.
  • the output terminal of the control circuit 12 and the depletion type MOS tube 11 is connected to the gate, the control circuit 12 is used to supply power to the depletion MOS transistor 11, that is, to provide a reference voltage, and a voltage difference is formed between the gate and the source to achieve the purpose of turning on or off.
  • the depletion MOS transistor The drain of 11 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply circuit 01, and the source of the depletion MOS transistor 11 is connected in series with the first proportional resistor 05.
  • the voltage comparator detects the current at the output end of the power supply circuit 01.
  • the voltage comparator flip control logic control circuit 03 drives the N-type MOS tube to turn off. The system jumps from the energy storage stage to the conversion between electrical energy and magnetic energy.
  • the energy supply circuit 01 includes: DC power supply and transformer; the output end of the DC power supply is connected to the input end of the primary side of the transformer, and the output end of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the depletion type
  • the drain of the MOS tube 11 is connected to the drain of the N-type MOS tube respectively, and the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge.
  • the withstand voltage switch is turned off and is also used to resist the flyback generated from the secondary side of the transformer. Voltage, to protect the components in the circuit from damage, improve the safety and stability of the switching power supply.
  • the logic control circuit includes an inverter and an RS flip-flop ;
  • the input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the current-sense circuit, and the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop.
  • the inverter is used to invert the output signal of the current-sense circuit to obtain the inverted output signal, and Pass the inverted output signal to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop;
  • the output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected with the gate of the MOS tube.
  • the RS flip-flop is used to determine the control signal according to the inverted output signal, and control the MOS tube to turn on or off according to the control signal.
  • the logic control circuit adopts an inverter and an RS flip-flop.
  • the inverter inverts the output result of the voltage comparator and then inputs an analog signal to the RS flip-flop, and outputs the control signal according to the control word principle to achieve control
  • the specific logic control circuit selected can be determined according to actual conditions.
  • the power supply circuit adopts a VDC power supply and a transformer.
  • the current circuit adopts withstand voltage switch tube, proportional resistance and voltage comparator, and the logic control circuit adopts inverter and RS trigger to drive the MOS tube to turn on or off.
  • the withstand voltage switch The tube is turned on. Due to the characteristics of the primary inductance of the transformer, the primary current Ip of the transformer will gradually rise from 0. The rate of rise is determined by the transformer primary inductance and the line voltage (VDC). At the same time, the transformer primary current Ip will generate a voltage on the current-sense resistor. This voltage is input to the comparator and compared with the reference voltage VREF. When the transformer primary current Ip When the voltage generated on the current-sense resistor reaches the reference VREF voltage, the comparator flips, the control logic controls the power MOS to turn off, and the primary energy storage of the transformer is completed.
  • the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge.
  • the flyback voltage generated by the transformer secondary can be resisted by the withstand voltage switch. It can reach 45V, so the withstand voltage switch tube is required to withstand the flyback voltage up to and down 800V to ensure that the components of the integrated circuit are not damaged. Therefore, the use of the above embodiments can not only reduce the circuit loss, but also improve the safety performance of the switching power supply. Eliminating the current- sense resistor R sence makes the circuit's application range wider, which can adapt to current sampling and detection from tens of milliamps to tens of amperes, and will not cause additional loss.

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Abstract

A switching power supply. The output end of an energy supply circuit (01) is connected with the input end of a current detection circuit (02), the current detection circuit (02) being used for detecting the output current of the energy supply circuit (01). The output end of the current detection circuit (02) is connected with the input end of a logic control circuit (03), the logic control circuit (03) being connected with the gate of a MOS tube (04) and used for receiving the output signal of the current detection circuit (02), the MOS tube (04) being controlled to be switched on or off according to the output signal of the current detection circuit (02). The source of the MOS tube (04) is connected to ground, and the drain of the MOS tube (04) is connected with the output end of the energy supply circuit (01). The circuit of the switching power supply has a simple design.The current detection circuit (02) directly detects the inductive current instead of using a traditional resistance detecting method, which can reduce the system power loss and thus has a broader detection range. The MOS tube (04) is controlled to be switched on or off by means of the logic control circuit (03), thereby providing the switching power supply with constant current and voltage and ensuring a more stable working status of the switching power supply.

Description

一种流限可控的开关电源A switching power supply with controllable current limit
本申请要求于2019年07月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910606340.1、申请名称“一种流限可控的开关电源”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application claims the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201910606340.1, and the application name "a switching power supply with controllable current limit" on July 05, 2019, the entire content of which is incorporated into this application by reference in.
技术领域Technical field
本申请涉及电感电流检测技术领域，尤其涉及一种流限可控的开关电源。This application relates to the technical field of inductor current detection, and in particular to a switching power supply with a controllable current limit.
背景技术Background technique
目前，电流检测技术在现今的生活与工作中都有广泛的应用，许多的系统中都需要检测流入和流出的电流大小，检测电流大小能够避免器件出错。例如，开关电源中使用电流控制模式，具备高可靠性、且环路补偿设计简单、负载分配功能简单可靠的特点，因此电流控制模式被广泛用于开关模式电源，其中，恒流恒压特性是电流控制模式开关电源的重要特性之一，所以开关电源中电流检测结果的精确与否直接关乎到恒流恒压特性的优劣，因此开关电源的电流检测技术是重点研究对象之一。At present, current detection technology is widely used in today's life and work. In many systems, it is necessary to detect the magnitude of the current flowing in and out, and detecting the magnitude of the current can avoid device errors. For example, the current control mode used in the switching power supply has the characteristics of high reliability, simple loop compensation design, and simple and reliable load distribution function. Therefore, the current control mode is widely used in switching mode power supplies. Among them, the constant current and constant voltage characteristics are One of the important characteristics of the current control mode switching power supply, so the accuracy of the current detection result in the switching power supply is directly related to the quality of the constant current and constant voltage characteristics, so the current detection technology of the switching power supply is one of the key research objects.
电感电流检测是电流模式开关模式电源设计的重要组成部分，然而现有技术中开关电源中电感电流检测技术不仅电路设计结构复杂，系统功率损耗高，电流检测范围窄，而且电流检测结果精度低。Inductor current detection is an important part of the current mode switch mode power supply design. However, the inductor current detection technology in the switching power supply in the prior art not only has a complicated circuit design structure, high system power loss, narrow current detection range, and low accuracy of current detection results.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为了解决上述技术问题或者至少部分地解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了一种流限可控的开关电源，以解决现有技术中应用于开关电源中的电感电流检测电路结构复杂，系统功率损耗高，电流检测范围窄，以及电流检测结果精度低的技术问题。In order to solve the above technical problems or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a switching power supply with a controllable current limit to solve the complex structure of the inductor current detection circuit applied to the switching power supply in the prior art and the system power loss. High, narrow current detection range, and low accuracy of current detection results.
第一方面，本申请提供了一种流限可控的开关电源，包括：供能电路、检流电路、逻辑控制电路和MOS管；In the first aspect, this application provides a switching power supply with controllable current limit, including: an energy supply circuit, a current detection circuit, a logic control circuit and a MOS transistor;
所述供能电路的输出端与所述检流电路的输入端连接，所述检流电路用于检测所述供能电路的输出电流；The output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit is used to detect the output current of the power supply circuit;
所述检流电路的输出端与所述逻辑控制电路的输入端连接，所述逻辑控制电路与所述MOS管的栅极连接，所述逻辑控制电路用于接收所述检流电路的输出信号，根据所述检流电路的输出信号控制所述MOS管的开启或关断；The output terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the logic control circuit is used to receive the output signal of the current detection circuit , Controlling the turning on or turning off of the MOS transistor according to the output signal of the current detection circuit;
所述MOS管的源极接地；所述MOS管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接。The source of the MOS tube is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit.
可选地，所述检流电路包括：第一比例电阻、第二比例电阻、耐压开关单元和电压比较器，所述第二比例电阻接地；Optionally, the current detection circuit includes: a first proportional resistor, a second proportional resistor, a withstand voltage switch unit, and a voltage comparator, and the second proportional resistor is grounded;
所述耐压开关单元的输入端与所述供能电路的输出端连接，输出端与所述第一比例电阻的第一连接端连接；The input end of the withstand voltage switch unit is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit, and the output end is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor;
所述第二比例电阻的第一连接端与所述第一比例电阻的第二连接端连接，所述第二比例电阻的第二连接端接地，所述第二比例电阻与所述第一比例电阻的连接节点与所述电压比较器的负输入端连接，所述电压比较器的正输入端与预设电压源连接。The first connecting end of the second proportional resistor is connected to the second connecting end of the first proportional resistor, the second connecting end of the second proportional resistor is grounded, and the second proportional resistor is connected to the first proportional resistor. The connection node of the resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to a preset voltage source.
可选地，所述耐压开关单元包括：耐压开关管和驱动电路；Optionally, the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a withstand voltage switch tube and a drive circuit;
所述驱动电路与所述耐压开关管的栅极连接，用于驱动所述耐压开关管，所述耐压开关管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述耐压开关管的源极与所述第一比例电阻串联。The drive circuit is connected to the gate of the withstand voltage switch tube for driving the withstand voltage switch tube, the drain of the withstand voltage switch tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the withstand voltage The source of the switch tube is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
可选地，所述耐压开关单元包括：控制电路和耗尽型MOS管；Optionally, the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a control circuit and a depletion MOS transistor;
所述控制电路的输出端与所述耗尽型MOS管的栅极连接，所述控 制电路用于驱动所述耗尽型MOS管；The output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the gate of the depletion type MOS transistor, and the control circuit is used to drive the depletion type MOS transistor;
所述耗尽型MOS管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述耗尽型MOS管的源极与所述第一比例电阻串联。The drain of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected with the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the source of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
可选地，所述逻辑控制电路包括：反相器和RS触发器；Optionally, the logic control circuit includes: an inverter and an RS flip-flop;
所述反相器的输入端与所述检流电路的输出端连接，所述反相器的输出端与所述RS触发器的输入端连接，所述反相器用于将所述检流电路的输出信号取反得到取反输出信号，并将所述取反输出信号传递至所述RS触发器的输入端；The input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the current-sense circuit, the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop, and the inverter is used to connect the current-sense circuit Invert the output signal of to obtain an inverted output signal, and transfer the inverted output signal to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop;
所述RS触发器的输出端与所述MOS管的栅极连接，所述RS触发器用于根据所述取反输出信号确定控制信号，根据所述控制信号控制所述MOS管开启或关断。The output terminal of the RS trigger is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the RS trigger is used for determining a control signal according to the inverted output signal, and controlling the MOS transistor to turn on or off according to the control signal.
可选地，所述耐压开关单元包括：高压开关；Optionally, the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a high voltage switch;
所述高压开关的第一连接端与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述高压开关的第二连接端与所述第一比例电阻的第一连接端连接。The first connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit, and the second connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor.
可选地，所述供能电路包括：直流电源和变压器；Optionally, the energy supply circuit includes: a DC power supply and a transformer;
所述直流电源的输出端与所述变压器原边的输入端连接，所述变压器原边的输出端与所述检流电路的输入端和所述MOS管的漏极分别连接。The output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the input terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the output terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit and the drain of the MOS transistor respectively.
可选地，所述MOS管包括：N型MOS管。Optionally, the MOS tube includes: an N-type MOS tube.
可选地，所述第一比例电阻与所述第二比例电阻为材质类型相同、物理尺寸成比的比例电阻。Optionally, the first proportional resistance and the second proportional resistance are proportional resistances of the same material type and proportional to the physical size.
可选地，所述预设电压源输出VREF基准电压。Optionally, the preset voltage source outputs a VREF reference voltage.
本申请实施例提供的上述技术方案与现有技术相比具有如下优点：本申请通过所述供能电路的输出端与所述检流电路的输入端连接，所 述检流电路用于检测所述供能电路的输出电流；所述检流电路的输出端与所述逻辑控制电路的输入端连接，所述逻辑控制电路与所述MOS管的栅极连接，所述逻辑控制电路用于接收所述检流电路的输出信号，根据所述检流电路的输出信号控制所述MOS管的开启或关断；所述MOS管的源极接地；所述MOS管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接，电路设计简洁，无需采用镜像MOS管代替检测电阻，达到精准检测电感电流的目的，通过检流电路直接检测电感电流的方式代替传统电阻检测法，能够降低系统功率损耗高，所以能够适用检测范围更宽，并且通过逻辑控制器控制MOS管开启或关断，实现开关电源恒流恒压的效果，使开关电源工作状态更加稳定。Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have the following advantages: the present application connects the output end of the energy supply circuit to the input end of the current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit is used for detecting The output current of the energy supply circuit; the output terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is connected to the gate of the MOS tube, and the logic control circuit is used to receive The output signal of the current detection circuit controls the turning on or off of the MOS transistor according to the output signal of the current detection circuit; the source of the MOS transistor is grounded; the drain of the MOS transistor is connected to the power supply The output terminal of the circuit is connected, and the circuit design is simple. It does not need to use a mirrored MOS tube to replace the detection resistor to achieve the purpose of accurately detecting the inductor current. The method of directly detecting the inductor current through the current detection circuit instead of the traditional resistance detection method can reduce the high power loss of the system. Therefore, it can be applied to a wider detection range, and through the logic controller to control the MOS tube to turn on or off, the effect of constant current and constant voltage of the switching power supply is realized, and the working state of the switching power supply is more stable.
附图说明Description of the drawings
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, show embodiments that conform to the application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principle of the application.
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, In other words, other drawings may be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor.
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图；FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application;
图2为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图；2 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application;
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图；3 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application;
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图；4 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application;
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种流限可控的开关电源的最佳方案电路图。FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a best solution of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the application.
图标：icon:
01-供能电路；02-检流电路；03-逻辑控制电路；04-MOS管；05-第一比例电阻；06-第二比例电阻；07-耐压开关单元；08-电压比较器； 09-耐压开关管；10-驱动电路；11-耗尽型MOS管；12-控制电路。01-Energy supply circuit; 02-Current detection circuit; 03-Logic control circuit; 04-MOS tube; 05-First proportional resistance; 06-Second proportional resistance; 07-Withstand voltage switch unit; 08-Voltage comparator; 09-Withstand voltage switch tube; 10-drive circuit; 11-depletion MOS tube; 12-control circuit.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments These are a part of the embodiments of this application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of this application.
首先，本申请提供了一种流限可控的开关电源，如图1所示为本申请实施例提供的一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图，包括：供能电路01、检流电路02、逻辑控制电路03和MOS管04；First of all, this application provides a switching power supply with a controllable current limit. As shown in FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of this application, including: an energy supply circuit 01 and a current detection circuit 02. Logic control circuit 03 and MOS tube 04;
供能电路01的输出端与检流电路02的输入端连接，检流电路02用于检测供能电路01的输出电流；The output end of the energy supply circuit 01 is connected to the input end of the current detection circuit 02, and the current detection circuit 02 is used to detect the output current of the energy supply circuit 01;
在本申请实施例中，恒流恒压特性是开关电源的主要特性之一，因为对于电路中电流大小的检测将直接关系到开关电源的恒流恒压特性，供能电路01用于给电路及负载供电，检流电路02的输入端与供能电路01的输出端连接，用于检测供能电路01的输出电流，对电流大小起到实时监测的效果。In the embodiments of this application, the constant current and constant voltage characteristics are one of the main characteristics of the switching power supply, because the detection of the current in the circuit will directly affect the constant current and constant voltage characteristics of the switching power supply. The power supply circuit 01 is used to supply the circuit And load power supply, the input end of the current detection circuit 02 is connected with the output end of the energy supply circuit 01, used to detect the output current of the energy supply circuit 01, and has a real-time monitoring effect on the current.
检流电路02的输出端与逻辑控制电路03的输入端连接，逻辑控制电路03与MOS管04的栅极连接，逻辑控制电路03用于接收检流电路02的输出信号，根据检流电路02的输出信号控制MOS管04的开启或关断；The output terminal of the current detection circuit 02 is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit 03, and the logic control circuit 03 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 04. The logic control circuit 03 is used to receive the output signal of the current detection circuit 02, according to the current detection circuit 02 The output signal controls the turn-on or turn-off of the MOS tube 04;
在本申请实施例中，通过检流电路02的输出端与逻辑控制电路03的输入端连接，将检测结果发送至逻辑控制电路03中，逻辑控制电路03与MOS管04的栅极连接，通过逻辑控制电路03驱动MOS管04开启或关断实现稳流的作用，具体检流电路02可以发送数字信号到逻辑控 制电路03，对于不同的逻辑控制电路03使用的控制逻辑不同，例如使用RS触发器时，当S端输入高电平，R端输入低电平时，Q端输出低电平，当S端输入低电平，R端输入高电平时，Q端输出高电平，所以实际应用中检流电路02与逻辑控制电路03的选取需依据实际情况而定，本申请对此不做具体限定。In the embodiment of the present application, the output terminal of the current detection circuit 02 is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit 03, and the detection result is sent to the logic control circuit 03. The logic control circuit 03 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor 04 through The logic control circuit 03 drives the MOS tube 04 to turn on or off to achieve the function of stabilizing current. The specific current detection circuit 02 can send digital signals to the logic control circuit 03. Different logic control circuits 03 use different control logic, such as RS triggering. When a high level is input at the S terminal and a low level is input at the R terminal, the Q terminal outputs a low level. When a low level is input at the S terminal and a high level is input at the R terminal, the Q terminal outputs a high level, so the actual application The selection of the middle current-sense circuit 02 and the logic control circuit 03 depends on the actual situation, which is not specifically limited in this application.
MOS管04的源极接地；MOS管的漏极与供能电路01的输出端连接；The source of the MOS tube 04 is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01;
在本申请实施例中，MOS管04可以使用N型MOS管，MOS管04源极接地，漏极与供能电路01的输出端连接代替了传统电阻检测方法，即使用MOS管04的源极与检流电阻的第一端连接，检流电阻的第二端接地，使用电阻检测方法时，相当于在MOS管04的通路上串联了一个检流电阻，MOS管04的功率导通损耗公式为：In the embodiment of the present application, the MOS transistor 04 can use an N-type MOS transistor, the source of the MOS transistor 04 is grounded, and the drain is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01 instead of the traditional resistance detection method, that is, the source of the MOS transistor 04 is used. Connect to the first end of the current-sense resistor, and the second end of the current-sense resistor is grounded. When using the resistance detection method, it is equivalent to connecting a current-sense resistor in series with the path of the MOS tube 04. The power conduction loss formula of the MOS tube 04 for:
P＝(I avg/2) 2×(R on+R sence)×D P=(I avg /2) 2 ×(R on +R sence )×D
其中，I avg为MOS管04平均导通电流，R on为MOS管04导通电阻，R sence为检流电阻，D为MOS管04导通占空比，以DCM开关电源为例，I avg为峰值电流值的一半，由上式可见，当导通电路中串联一个检流电阻R sence时，直接按比例提升了MOS管04的导通损耗，在中大功率开关电源系统中，峰值电流可能达到几安培甚至几十安培，检流电阻R sence的存在直接约了系统的转换效率，同时检流电阻R sence自身的发热，亦会给开关电源系统带来安全隐患，降低系统的可靠性，因此使用检流电路02检测电流的方式不仅仅能够降低电路损耗，还可以提高开关电源的安全性能，另外随着行业发展，存在使用镜像MOS检流电路02，虽然省去了检流电阻R sence使得电路的应用范围更加宽广，可以适应从几十毫安到几十安培的电流采样检测。并且不会引起额外的损耗，但这种技术需要有定制的功率MOS—待sence MOS管的功率MOS。这种特别定制的MOS非通用器件，价格比较昂贵，而且镜像比例K的精度也很难保证，但由于直接通过检流电路02对供能电路01输出端的电流进 行检测无需采用，相较上述方式，本申请实施例直接采用检流电路02检测供能电路01的输出端电流，电路实现简单并且精度高，具体实施方式可参照下述实施例。 Wherein, I avg is the average conduction current of the MOS 04 pipe, R on is the on-resistance of the MOS transistor 04, R sence of sense resistor, D is the duty ratio of the MOS transistor 04 is turned on, an example switching power supply with DCM, I avg It is half of the peak current value. It can be seen from the above formula that when a current- sense resistor R sence is connected in series in the conduction circuit, the conduction loss of the MOS tube 04 is directly increased proportionally. In the medium and high-power switching power supply system, the peak current It may reach several amperes or even tens of amperes. The existence of the current- sense resistor R sence directly affects the conversion efficiency of the system. At the same time, the heating of the current- sense resistor R sence will also bring safety hazards to the switching power supply system and reduce the reliability of the system. Therefore, using the current-sense circuit 02 to detect the current can not only reduce the circuit loss, but also improve the safety performance of the switching power supply. In addition, with the development of the industry, there is a mirrored MOS current-sense circuit 02, although the current-sense resistor R is omitted. sence makes the application range of the circuit wider, and can adapt to current sampling and detection from tens of milliamps to tens of amperes. And it will not cause additional loss, but this technology requires a customized power MOS—power MOS of the MOS tube. This kind of specially customized MOS non-universal device is more expensive, and the accuracy of the mirror ratio K is also difficult to guarantee, but because the current detection circuit 02 directly detects the current at the output of the energy supply circuit 01, it does not need to be used, compared with the above method In the embodiment of the present application, the current detection circuit 02 is directly used to detect the current at the output end of the energy supply circuit 01, which is simple to implement and has high precision. For specific implementations, refer to the following embodiments.
在本申请提供的又一实施例中，如图2所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图，检流电路包括：第一比例电阻05、第二比例电阻06、耐压开关单元07电路和电压比较器08，第二比例电阻06接地；In another embodiment provided by the present application, as shown in FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The current detection circuit includes: a first proportional resistor 05, a second proportional Resistor 06, withstand voltage switch unit 07 circuit and voltage comparator 08, the second proportional resistor 06 is grounded;
耐压开关单元07电路的输入端与供能电路01的输出端连接，输出端与第一比例电阻05的第一连接端连接；The input end of the withstand voltage switch unit 07 circuit is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit 01, and the output end is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor 05;
第二比例电阻06的第一连接端与第一比例电阻05的第二连接端连接，第二比例电阻06的第二连接端接地，第二比例电阻06与第一比例电阻05的连接节点与电压比较器08的负输入端连接，电压比较器08的正输入端与预设电压源连接。The first connection end of the second proportional resistor 06 is connected to the second connection end of the first proportional resistor 05, the second connection end of the second proportional resistor 06 is grounded, and the connection node of the second proportional resistor 06 and the first proportional resistor 05 is connected to The negative input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected, and the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected with a preset voltage source.
在本申请实施例中，利用耐压开关单元07的输入端与供能电路01的输出端连接，输出端与第一比例电阻05连接，可以防止电路中因产生反激电压，从而损坏电压比较器08，耐压开关单元07一般可以抵御800V左右的反激电压，且还需要具备开关控制功能，例如选用高压开关，所述高压开关的第一连接端与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述高压开关的第二连接端与所述第一比例电阻05的第一连接端连接，高压开关的耐高压特性与开关特性兼备，因为可以选用作为耐压开关单元07使用，具体选用的开关可以依据实际情况而定本申请对此不做限定；第一比例电阻05与第二比例电阻06并联，设置第一比例电阻05与所述第二比例电阻06为材质类型相同、物理尺寸成比的比例电阻，目的在于接入电路中作为分压电阻使用，以保护集成电路不受到高压冲击而损坏，第二比例电阻06与第一比例电阻05的连接节点与电压 比较器08的负输入端连接，电压比较器08的正输入端与预设电压源连接，通过耐压开关单元07的控制将电流平稳的输入电压比较器08，通过模拟信号的转化与预设的电压比较，其中，预设电压源输出可以选用VREF基准电压，在控制MOS管开启后，供能电路01输出电流逐渐增高，当输入电压比较器08的电压达到基准VREF电压时，电压比较器08由输出高电平翻转到输出低电平，再通过逻辑控制电路03达到控制MOS管关断的目的，从而达到平稳电路系统电流的目的，上述整体检流电路的结构相较镜像MOS管代替检流电阻的电路结构简单，更加精准，并且对比传统使用检流电阻的电路系统损耗低，安全性能更佳。In the embodiment of the present application, the input terminal of the withstand voltage switch unit 07 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the output terminal is connected to the first proportional resistor 05, which can prevent the flyback voltage from being generated in the circuit, thereby damaging the voltage comparison The withstand voltage switch unit 07 can generally withstand a flyback voltage of about 800V, and also needs to have a switch control function, such as a high-voltage switch, and the first connection terminal of the high-voltage switch is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit , The second connection end of the high voltage switch is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor 05, and the high voltage switch has both high voltage resistance and switching characteristics, because it can be used as the voltage resistance switch unit 07, specifically The switch can be determined according to the actual situation. This application does not limit this; the first proportional resistor 05 and the second proportional resistor 06 are connected in parallel, and the first proportional resistor 05 and the second proportional resistor 06 are set to be of the same material type and proportional to the physical size The proportional resistor is used as a voltage divider resistor in the access circuit to protect the integrated circuit from being damaged by high voltage impact. The connection node of the second proportional resistor 06 and the first proportional resistor 05 is connected to the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 The positive input terminal of the voltage comparator 08 is connected to the preset voltage source. The voltage comparator 08 with stable current is controlled by the withstand voltage switch unit 07 and compared with the preset voltage through the conversion of analog signals. Assuming that the voltage source output can use the VREF reference voltage, after the control MOS tube is turned on, the output current of the energy supply circuit 01 gradually increases. When the voltage of the input voltage comparator 08 reaches the reference VREF voltage, the voltage comparator 08 is switched from the output high level When the output is low, the logic control circuit 03 achieves the purpose of controlling the MOS transistor to turn off, so as to achieve the purpose of smoothing the current of the circuit system. The structure of the above-mentioned overall current-sense circuit is simpler than that of the mirrored MOS transistor instead of the current-sense resistor. , It is more accurate, and has lower loss and better safety performance than traditional circuit systems using current-sense resistors.
在本申请提供的又一实施例中，如图3所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图，耐压开关单元包括：耐压开关管09和驱动电路10；In another embodiment provided by the present application, as shown in FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with a controllable current limit provided in an embodiment of the present application. The withstand voltage switch unit includes: a withstand voltage switch tube 09 and a drive circuit 10;
驱动电路10于耐压开关管09的栅极连接，用于驱动耐压开关管09，耐压开关管09的漏极与供能电路01的输出端连接，耐压开关管09的源极与第一比例电阻05串联。The drive circuit 10 is connected to the gate of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 for driving the withstand voltage switch tube 09, the drain of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the source of the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is connected with The first proportional resistor 05 is connected in series.
在本申请实施例中，耐压开关单元用于抵御电路中产生反激电压，防止反激电压损坏电压比较器08，所以在电路保护设计中需要利用耐压开关单元一般可以抵御800V左右的反激电压的特性，同时还需要考虑具备开关控制功能，所以可以选用耐压开关管09，耐压开关管09包括结型管和耗尽型mos管，当电路中MOS管导通时，耐压开关管09导通，与此同时电压比较器08检测供能电路01输出端的电流，电流值达到峰值时，即模拟电压信与基准电压持平时，电压比较器08翻转控制逻辑控制电路03驱动MOS管关断，电路系统由储能阶段跳至电能与磁能相互转换阶段，例如供能电路01包括：直流电源和变压器；直 流电源的输出端与变压器原边的输入端连接，变压器原边的输出端与检流电路的输入端和MOS管的漏极分别连接，能量从变压器初级转移到变压器次级进行放电，此时耐压开关管09关断，还用于抵御从变压器副边产生的反激电压，达到保护电路中组件不受到损害，提高开关电源的安全性能以及稳定性能。In the embodiment of the present application, the withstand voltage switch unit is used to resist the flyback voltage generated in the circuit to prevent the flyback voltage from damaging the voltage comparator 08. Therefore, in the circuit protection design, it is necessary to use the withstand voltage switch unit to withstand the reverse voltage of about 800V. The characteristics of the excitation voltage also need to consider the switch control function, so the withstand voltage switch tube 09 can be selected. The withstand voltage switch tube 09 includes junction tube and depletion type MOS tube. When the MOS tube in the circuit is turned on, the withstand voltage The switch tube 09 is turned on. At the same time, the voltage comparator 08 detects the current at the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01. When the current value reaches the peak value, that is, when the analog voltage signal is equal to the reference voltage, the voltage comparator 08 flips the control logic control circuit 03 to drive the MOS When the tube is turned off, the circuit system jumps from the energy storage stage to the conversion stage between electric energy and magnetic energy. For example, the energy supply circuit 01 includes: a DC power supply and a transformer; the output of the DC power supply is connected to the input of the primary side of the transformer, and the output of the primary side of the transformer The terminal is connected to the input terminal of the current-sense circuit and the drain of the MOS tube respectively, and the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge. At this time, the withstand voltage switch tube 09 is turned off, and it is also used to resist the reaction generated from the secondary side of the transformer. Excitation voltage, to protect the components in the circuit from damage, improve the safety and stability of the switching power supply.
在本申请提供的又一实施例中，如图4所示为本申请实施例提供的另一种流限可控的开关电源的电路图，耐压开关单元包括：控制电路12和耗尽型MOS管11；In another embodiment provided by the present application, as shown in FIG. 4, a circuit diagram of another switching power supply with controllable current limit provided by an embodiment of the present application, the withstand voltage switch unit includes: a control circuit 12 and a depletion MOS Tube 11;
控制电路12的输出端与耗尽型MOS管11的栅极连接，控制电路12用于驱动耗尽型MOS管11；The output terminal of the control circuit 12 is connected to the gate of the depletion MOS transistor 11, and the control circuit 12 is used to drive the depletion MOS transistor 11;
耗尽型MOS管11的漏极与供能电路01的输出端连接，耗尽型MOS管11的源极与第一比例电阻05串联；The drain of the depletion type MOS transistor 11 is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit 01, and the source of the depletion type MOS transistor 11 is connected in series with the first proportional resistor 05;
在本申请实施例中，耐压开关单元中可以使用耗尽型MOS管11，电路中的MOS管可以使用N型MOS管，如图所示，控制电路12的输出端与耗尽型MOS管11的栅极连接，控制电路12用于向耗尽型MOS管11供电，即提供一个基准电压，栅极与源极之间形成压差从而达到开启或关断的目的，耗尽型MOS管11的漏极与供能电路01的输出端连接，耗尽型MOS管11的源极与第一比例电阻05串联，当电路中N型MOS管导通时，耗尽型MOS管11导通，与此同时电压比较器检测供能电路01输出端的电流，电流值达到峰值时，即模拟电压信与基准电压持平时，电压比较器翻转控制逻辑控制电路03驱动N型MOS管关断，电路系统由储能阶段跳至电能与磁能相互转换阶段，例如供能电路01包括：直流电源和变压器；直流电源的输出端与变压器原边的输入端连接，变压器原边的输出端与耗尽型MOS管11的漏极和N型MOS管的漏极分别连接，能量从变压器初级转移到变压器次级进行放电，此时 耐压开关管关断，还用于抵御从变压器副边产生的反激电压，达到保护电路中组件不受到损害，提高开关电源的安全性能以及稳定性能。In the embodiment of the present application, the depletion type MOS tube 11 can be used in the withstand voltage switch unit, and the MOS tube in the circuit can be an N type MOS tube. As shown in the figure, the output terminal of the control circuit 12 and the depletion type MOS tube 11 is connected to the gate, the control circuit 12 is used to supply power to the depletion MOS transistor 11, that is, to provide a reference voltage, and a voltage difference is formed between the gate and the source to achieve the purpose of turning on or off. The depletion MOS transistor The drain of 11 is connected to the output terminal of the power supply circuit 01, and the source of the depletion MOS transistor 11 is connected in series with the first proportional resistor 05. When the N-type MOS transistor in the circuit is turned on, the depletion MOS transistor 11 is turned on At the same time, the voltage comparator detects the current at the output end of the power supply circuit 01. When the current value reaches the peak value, that is, when the analog voltage signal is equal to the reference voltage, the voltage comparator flip control logic control circuit 03 drives the N-type MOS tube to turn off. The system jumps from the energy storage stage to the conversion between electrical energy and magnetic energy. For example, the energy supply circuit 01 includes: DC power supply and transformer; the output end of the DC power supply is connected to the input end of the primary side of the transformer, and the output end of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the depletion type The drain of the MOS tube 11 is connected to the drain of the N-type MOS tube respectively, and the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge. At this time, the withstand voltage switch is turned off and is also used to resist the flyback generated from the secondary side of the transformer. Voltage, to protect the components in the circuit from damage, improve the safety and stability of the switching power supply.
在本申请提供的又一实施例中，如图5所示为本申请实施例提供的一种流限可控的开关电源的最佳方案电路图，逻辑控制电路包括：反相器和RS触发器；In another embodiment provided by this application, as shown in FIG. 5, a circuit diagram of the best solution of a switching power supply with controllable current limit provided by the embodiment of this application, the logic control circuit includes an inverter and an RS flip-flop ；
反相器的输入端与检流电路的输出端连接，反相器的输出端与RS触发器的输入端连接，反相器用于将检流电路的输出信号取反得到取反输出信号，并将取反输出信号传递至RS触发器的输入端；The input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the current-sense circuit, and the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop. The inverter is used to invert the output signal of the current-sense circuit to obtain the inverted output signal, and Pass the inverted output signal to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop;
RS触发器的输出端与MOS管的栅极连接，RS触发器用于根据取反输出信号确定控制信号，根据控制信号控制MOS管开启或关断。The output terminal of the RS flip-flop is connected with the gate of the MOS tube. The RS flip-flop is used to determine the control signal according to the inverted output signal, and control the MOS tube to turn on or off according to the control signal.
在本申请实施例中，逻辑控制电路采用反相器与RS触发器，反相器将电压比较器的输出结果取反后输入模拟信号到RS触发器，根据控制字原则输出控制信号，达到控制MOS管开启或关断的目的，具体选用的逻辑控制电路可以依据实际情况而定，本申请还提供了一种完整的实施方式，如图所示，供能电路采用VDC直流电源与变压器，检流电路采用耐压开关管与比例电阻以及电压比较器，逻辑控制电路采用反相器与RS触发器，以用于驱动MOS管开启或关断，当控制N型MOS管开启时，耐压开关管导通，因变压器初级电感(primary ind)特性，变压器初级电流Ip将从0开始逐渐上升。上升速率由变压器初级电感感量和线电压(VDC)共同决定，同时变压器初级电流Ip会在检流电阻上产生电压，此电压被输入到比较器与基准电压VREF进行比较，当变压器初级电流Ip会在检流电阻上产生电压达到基准VREF电压时，比较器翻转，控制逻辑控制功率MOS关断，变压器初级储能完成。随后通过电能量与磁能量的相互转换，能量从变压器初级转移到变压器次级进行放电，同时变压器次级产生的反激电压可以由耐压开关管抵 御，由于一般集成电路的承受反激电压只能达到45V，所以需要耐压开关管抵御800V上下的反激电压，保证集成电路的元器件不受到损害，因此使用上述实施方式不仅仅能够降低电路损耗，还可以提高开关电源的安全性能，因为省去了检流电阻R sence使得电路的应用范围更加宽广，可以适应从几十毫安到几十安培的电流采样检测，并且不会引起额外的损耗，对比需要定制的功率MOS—待sence MOS管的功率MOS管的昂贵电路设计方式，直接通过检流电路对供能电路输出端的电流进行检测并且相较于难以保证精度比例K的镜像MOS管设计，本申请实施例直接采用检流电路检测供能电路的输出端电流，电路实现简单并且精度高。在本申请实施例中所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述电路具体工作过程，可以参考前述实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。 In the embodiment of this application, the logic control circuit adopts an inverter and an RS flip-flop. The inverter inverts the output result of the voltage comparator and then inputs an analog signal to the RS flip-flop, and outputs the control signal according to the control word principle to achieve control For the purpose of turning on or turning off the MOS tube, the specific logic control circuit selected can be determined according to actual conditions. This application also provides a complete implementation. As shown in the figure, the power supply circuit adopts a VDC power supply and a transformer. The current circuit adopts withstand voltage switch tube, proportional resistance and voltage comparator, and the logic control circuit adopts inverter and RS trigger to drive the MOS tube to turn on or off. When the N-type MOS tube is controlled to turn on, the withstand voltage switch The tube is turned on. Due to the characteristics of the primary inductance of the transformer, the primary current Ip of the transformer will gradually rise from 0. The rate of rise is determined by the transformer primary inductance and the line voltage (VDC). At the same time, the transformer primary current Ip will generate a voltage on the current-sense resistor. This voltage is input to the comparator and compared with the reference voltage VREF. When the transformer primary current Ip When the voltage generated on the current-sense resistor reaches the reference VREF voltage, the comparator flips, the control logic controls the power MOS to turn off, and the primary energy storage of the transformer is completed. Then through the mutual conversion of electrical energy and magnetic energy, the energy is transferred from the transformer primary to the transformer secondary for discharge. At the same time, the flyback voltage generated by the transformer secondary can be resisted by the withstand voltage switch. It can reach 45V, so the withstand voltage switch tube is required to withstand the flyback voltage up to and down 800V to ensure that the components of the integrated circuit are not damaged. Therefore, the use of the above embodiments can not only reduce the circuit loss, but also improve the safety performance of the switching power supply. Eliminating the current- sense resistor R sence makes the circuit's application range wider, which can adapt to current sampling and detection from tens of milliamps to tens of amperes, and will not cause additional loss. Compared with the power MOS that needs to be customized—waiting sence MOS The expensive circuit design method of the power MOS tube of the tube directly detects the current at the output end of the power supply circuit through the current detection circuit. Compared with the mirrored MOS tube design which is difficult to guarantee the accuracy ratio K, the embodiment of the application directly uses the current detection circuit to detect The output current of the energy supply circuit is simple to implement and has high precision. Those skilled in the art in the embodiments of the present application can clearly understand that, for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process of the above-mentioned circuit can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply these There is any such actual relationship or sequence between entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes Other elements of, or also include elements inherent to this process, method, article or equipment. If there are no more restrictions, the element defined by the sentence "including a..." does not exclude the existence of other same elements in the process, method, article, or equipment including the element.
以上所述仅是本申请的具体实施方式，使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所申请的原理和新颖 特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above are only specific implementations of the application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this document can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, this application will not be limited to the embodiments shown in this document, but should conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of this document.

Claims (10)

  1. 一种流限可控的开关电源，包括：供能电路、检流电路、逻辑控制电路和MOS管；A switching power supply with controllable current limit, including: energy supply circuit, current detection circuit, logic control circuit and MOS tube;
    所述供能电路的输出端与所述检流电路的输入端连接，所述检流电路用于检测所述供能电路的输出电流；The output terminal of the power supply circuit is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit, and the current detection circuit is used to detect the output current of the power supply circuit;
    所述检流电路的输出端与所述逻辑控制电路的输入端连接，所述逻辑控制电路与所述MOS管的栅极连接，所述逻辑控制电路用于接收所述检流电路的输出信号，根据所述检流电路的输出信号控制所述MOS管的开启或关断；The output terminal of the current detection circuit is connected to the input terminal of the logic control circuit, the logic control circuit is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the logic control circuit is used to receive the output signal of the current detection circuit , Controlling the turning on or turning off of the MOS transistor according to the output signal of the current detection circuit;
    所述MOS管的源极接地；所述MOS管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接。The source of the MOS tube is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述检流电路包括：第一比例电阻、第二比例电阻、耐压开关单元和电压比较器，所述第二比例电阻接地；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 1, wherein the current detection circuit comprises: a first proportional resistor, a second proportional resistor, a withstand voltage switch unit and a voltage comparator, and the second proportional resistor is grounded ；
    所述耐压开关单元的输入端与所述供能电路的输出端连接，输出端与所述第一比例电阻的第一连接端连接；The input end of the withstand voltage switch unit is connected to the output end of the energy supply circuit, and the output end is connected to the first connection end of the first proportional resistor;
    所述第二比例电阻的第一连接端与所述第一比例电阻的第二连接端连接，所述第二比例电阻的第二连接端接地，所述第二比例电阻与所述第一比例电阻的连接节点与所述电压比较器的负输入端连接，所述电压比较器的正输入端与预设电压源连接。The first connecting end of the second proportional resistor is connected to the second connecting end of the first proportional resistor, the second connecting end of the second proportional resistor is grounded, and the second proportional resistor is connected to the first proportional resistor. The connection node of the resistor is connected to the negative input terminal of the voltage comparator, and the positive input terminal of the voltage comparator is connected to a preset voltage source.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述耐压开关单元包括：耐压开关管和驱动电路；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 2, wherein the withstand voltage switch unit comprises: a withstand voltage switch tube and a driving circuit;
    所述驱动电路与所述耐压开关管的栅极连接，用于驱动所述耐压开关管，所述耐压开关管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述耐压开关管的源极与所述第一比例电阻串联。The drive circuit is connected to the gate of the withstand voltage switch tube for driving the withstand voltage switch tube, the drain of the withstand voltage switch tube is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the withstand voltage The source of the switch tube is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述耐压开关单元包括：控制电路和耗尽型MOS管；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 2, wherein the withstand voltage switching unit comprises: a control circuit and a depletion MOS transistor;
    所述控制电路的输出端与所述耗尽型MOS管的栅极连接，所述控制电路用于驱动所述耗尽型MOS管；The output terminal of the control circuit is connected to the gate of the depletion MOS transistor, and the control circuit is used to drive the depletion MOS transistor;
    所述耗尽型MOS管的漏极与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述耗尽型MOS管的源极与所述第一比例电阻串联。The drain of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected with the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the source of the depletion type MOS transistor is connected in series with the first proportional resistor.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述逻辑控制电路包括：反相器和RS触发器；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 1, wherein the logic control circuit comprises: an inverter and an RS flip-flop;
    所述反相器的输入端与所述检流电路的输出端连接，所述反相器的输出端与所述RS触发器的输入端连接，所述反相器用于将所述检流电路的输出信号取反得到取反输出信号，并将所述取反输出信号传递至所述RS触发器的输入端；The input terminal of the inverter is connected to the output terminal of the current-sense circuit, the output terminal of the inverter is connected to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop, and the inverter is used to connect the current-sense circuit Invert the output signal of to obtain an inverted output signal, and transfer the inverted output signal to the input terminal of the RS flip-flop;
    所述RS触发器的输出端与所述MOS管的栅极连接，所述RS触发器用于根据所述取反输出信号确定控制信号，根据所述控制信号控制所述MOS管开启或关断。The output terminal of the RS trigger is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor, and the RS trigger is used for determining a control signal according to the inverted output signal, and controlling the MOS transistor to turn on or off according to the control signal.
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述耐压开关单元包括：高压开关；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 2, wherein the withstand voltage switch unit comprises: a high voltage switch;
    所述高压开关的第一连接端与所述供能电路的输出端连接，所述 高压开关的第二连接端与所述第一比例电阻的第一连接端连接。The first connection terminal of the high voltage switch is connected to the output terminal of the energy supply circuit, and the second connection terminal of the high voltage switch is connected to the first connection terminal of the first proportional resistor.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述供能电路包括：直流电源和变压器；The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit comprises: a DC power supply and a transformer;
    所述直流电源的输出端与所述变压器原边的输入端连接，所述变压器原边的输出端与所述检流电路的输入端和所述MOS管的漏极分别连接。The output terminal of the DC power supply is connected to the input terminal of the primary side of the transformer, and the output terminal of the primary side of the transformer is connected to the input terminal of the current detection circuit and the drain of the MOS transistor respectively.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述MOS管包括：N型MOS管。The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 1, wherein the MOS tube comprises: an N-type MOS tube.
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述第一比例电阻与所述第二比例电阻为材质类型相同、物理尺寸成比的比例电阻。The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 2, wherein the first proportional resistor and the second proportional resistor are proportional resistors of the same material type and proportional to the physical size.
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的流限可控的开关电源，其中，所述预设电压源输出VREF基准电压。The switching power supply with controllable current limit according to claim 2, wherein the preset voltage source outputs a VREF reference voltage.
PCT/CN2020/096628 2019-07-05 2020-06-17 Current limit controllable switching power supply WO2021004246A1 (en)

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