CN211043484U - Current sampling circuit - Google Patents
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- CN211043484U CN211043484U CN201920761492.4U CN201920761492U CN211043484U CN 211043484 U CN211043484 U CN 211043484U CN 201920761492 U CN201920761492 U CN 201920761492U CN 211043484 U CN211043484 U CN 211043484U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a current sampling circuit, including induction winding, current outflow circuit, mirror current source, sampling electric capacity, inductance among induction winding and the circuit perhaps turns over the transformer coupling to the turn over, produces induced voltage, current outflow circuit with induction winding one end is connected, converts its induced voltage into induced-current, mirror current source mirror current induced-current and give sampling electric capacity charges, sampling electric capacity is promptly through the voltage that charges and produce the current sampling signal of current sampling circuit output. The utility model discloses a current sampling circuit is the sampling of harmless electric current, has improved the efficiency of complete machine.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to current sampling techniques, and more particularly to circuits for sampling non-destructive currents.
Background
In a switching power supply, many controllers adopt peak current control or protect a circuit through the peak current, so that an inductor in the circuit or a current in a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor needs to be sampled. Common current sampling methods are: a resistance sampling mode and a current transformer sampling mode.
As shown in fig. 1, in the resistance sampling method, a flyback converter circuit needs to sample a current Id in a primary winding N1 of an isolation transformer T, a sampling resistor Rcs is connected in series to a current sampling point, the current Id of the sampling point flows through the sampling resistor Rcs, a voltage Vcs is generated on the sampling resistor Rcs, the voltage Vcs is proportional to an actual current Id, Vcs is Id Rcs, the voltage Vcs on the sampling resistor Rcs represents a signal of the actual current Id, the amplitude is proportional to Id, and the proportionality coefficient is a resistance value of the sampling resistor Rcs.
The resistance sampling mode has the defects that loss is caused, the efficiency of the whole machine is lost by 0.3% -0.5%, the lost efficiency is converted into heat and dissipated on the sampling resistor Rcs, the temperature of the surrounding environment and other devices is increased, the overall heat dissipation and temperature rise are adversely affected, and meanwhile additional heat dissipation measures are required.
Compared with the resistance sampling mode, the current transformer sampling mode has almost negligible loss, but the current transformer sampling mode has the defects that the used current transformer needs one magnetic core, two coils are wound on the magnetic core respectively to complete the coupling of the sampling side and the power side, generally, the current transformer has a relatively large size, occupies a large volume, and has much higher cost than the resistance sampling mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a lossless current sampling circuit uses the electric current among the induction winding induction circuit, compares the loss that has reduced the circuit with the mode of resistance sampling, compares the cost that has reduced the circuit with the mode of mutual-inductor sampling, the utility model discloses lossless current sampling circuit makes the efficiency of circuit higher.
The utility model provides a current sampling circuit, includes induction winding, current outflow circuit, mirror current source, sampling electric capacity, the current of induction winding induced-current sampling point department to produce induced voltage, current outflow circuit with induction winding one end is connected, converts the induced voltage that its response goes out into induced current, mirror current source mirror the induced current and give sampling electric capacity charges, sampling electric capacity is promptly through the voltage that charges the production current sampling signal of current sampling circuit output.
One end of the induction winding is connected with the ground end, the other end of the induction winding is connected with the first end of the first resistor, the second end of the first resistor is connected with the first end of the second resistor and the input end of the current outflow circuit, and the second end of the second resistor is connected with the ground end.
The two ends of the sampling capacitor are connected with a first switch in parallel, the first switch provides a reset discharge loop for the sampling capacitor, and when the current at the current sampling point is zero, the first switch is closed to provide the reset discharge loop for the sampling capacitor.
The current outflow circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a fourth switch, wherein the same-direction end of the first operational amplifier is clamped at the voltage level of 0V, the reverse end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the drain electrode of the fourth switch in parallel and then serves as the input end of the current outflow circuit, the output end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the grid electrode of the fourth switch, and the source electrode of the fourth switch serves as the output end of the current outflow circuit.
Above-mentioned mirror image current source includes second switch and third switch, the grid parallel connection of second switch and third switch, be connected with auxiliary power source after the source parallel connection of second switch and third switch, the drain electrode of second switch with the grid of second switch is connected the back with current outflow circuit's output is connected, the drain electrode of third switch does the output of mirror image current source, with sampling capacitor's first end is established ties, sampling capacitor's second end is connected with ground, sampling capacitor's first end is current sampling circuit's output.
The utility model also provides a power converter, power converter contains primary circuit, isolation transformer, secondary circuit, primary circuit with isolation transformer's primary winding is parallelly connected, secondary circuit with isolation transformer's secondary winding is parallelly connected, induction winding with isolation transformer's winding coupling, response primary winding's voltage.
The power supply converter is a flyback converter, the current sampling circuit senses current in the primary winding and forms a current sampling signal to be supplied to a driving control circuit of the flyback converter, and the driving control circuit generates a driving signal for driving and controlling a primary main control switch in the flyback converter according to the current sampling signal.
The utility model also provides a power converter, power converter contains an inductance, induction winding with the coupling of induction winding, response the voltage at induction winding both ends.
The power converter comprises a main control switch, the inductor and a drive control circuit, wherein the drive control circuit generates a drive signal for driving the main control switch according to the current sampling signal, the main control switch controls the energy in the inductor to flow, and the power converter is a buck conversion circuit, a boost conversion circuit or a buck-boost conversion circuit.
The above-mentioned electric current flows out the circuit with the image current source integration is in a control chip, control chip's outside is provided with the output of electric current flow out the circuit with the output of image current source, the output of electric current flow out the circuit with induction winding connects, the output of image current source with sampling capacitor connects, simultaneously with drive control circuit connects and provides current sampling signal for it, sampling capacitor's the other end and ground connection.
Advantageous effect, the utility model discloses a lossless current sampling circuit has reduced the loss of circuit, has characteristics small with low costs.
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a resistance sampling method in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses current sampling circuit is applied to the structural schematic of transformer.
Fig. 3 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the current sampling circuit is applied to a transformer.
Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the current sampling circuit is applied to a transformer.
Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the current sampling circuit is applied to a transformer.
Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the current sampling circuit is applied to a transformer.
Fig. 7 is the utility model discloses current sampling circuit is applied to the structural schematic of inductance.
Fig. 8 shows a first embodiment of the present invention in which the current sampling circuit is applied to the inductor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following description will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention by combining the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the described embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the utility model discloses current sampling circuit 2 uses at sampling transformer primary winding medium current, a power converter 1, power converter 1 includes primary circuit 11, isolation transformer T and secondary circuit 12, primary circuit 11 with isolation transformer T's primary winding N1 is parallelly connected, isolation transformer T's secondary winding N2 with secondary circuit 12 is parallelly connected. The current sampling circuit 2 comprises an induction winding Nf coupled to the magnetic core of the transformer T, a voltage Vf proportional to the voltage V1 of a primary winding N1 is generated across the induction winding Nf, and a current outflow circuit 21 is connected to the induction winding Nf, specifically, the input terminal of the current outflow circuit 21 is connected to the induction winding NfThe inductive winding Nf is connected in parallel between an output end of the inductive winding Nf and a ground end, more specifically, one end of the inductive winding Nf is connected to the ground end, and the other end is an output end and connected to the resistor R1Is connected to a resistor R1Is connected in parallel with the input 2114 of the current outflow circuit 21 and is connected to the resistor R2After being connected in series, the connection is connected with the ground terminal. The output end 2115 of the current flowing circuit 21 generates a current Ic, which is output to the mirror current source 22, the mirror current source 22 generates a current Ic equal to the current Ic, which charges the capacitor Cs, the voltage waveform of the capacitor Cs is proportional to the current waveform of the primary winding N1, and the driving control circuit 13 controls the inductive current or the current of the MOS transistor in the primary circuit by sampling the voltage Vcs of the capacitor Cs.
Two ends of the capacitor Cs are connected with a switch S1 in parallel, and the switch S1 is switched on when the primary circuit is switched off to discharge the capacitor Cs.
Np is the number of turns of N1 of the primary winding, Na is the number of turns of the induction winding Nf, L m is the inductance of the primary circuit, Rcs is the sampling resistor, Cs is the sampling capacitor, when the primary circuit 11 is turned on, the current Id (Id) (t) of the primary circuit is (V1/L m) × t, if the sampling resistor is adopted to carry out the current
Sampling, wherein the voltage on the sampling resistor is as follows:
VRcs(t)＝(Rcs*V1/Lm)*t。
the voltage across the induction winding Nf, Vaux, -V1 Na/Np, the current flowing out of the output terminal current Ic of the circuit 21,
Ic＝Vaux/RDET＝(V1*Na)/(Np*RDET)。
wherein R isDETFor the upper biasing resistor after R1 and R2 are connected in series, the mirror current source 22 generates a current Ic which is the same as Ic, and the current Ic is used to charge the sampling capacitor Cs, vcs (V1 × Na)/(Np × R) ((V1 × Na)/(Np × R))DET*Cs))*t＝((Na*Lm)/(Np*RDET*Cs)*Id。
Therefore, it can be seen that VCs differs from the actual Id by only a proportional relationship, (Na L m)/(Np R)DET*Cs),
When Rcs V1/L m is ((V1 Na)/(Np R)DETCs)), that is, it is
When Cs is L m Na/(Rcs*Np*RDET) When, VCS (t) ═ VRcs (t)
That is to say, when the parameters L m, Na, Np, Rcs of the circuit are known, the voltage on the Cs capacitor can be made to be completely equal to the voltage on Rcs by reasonably selecting Cs, that is to say, the same effect as that of sampling the resistor can be achieved by using the novel current sampling mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the current flowing circuit 21 of the present invention includes an operational amplifier 211, a common terminal 2111 of the operational amplifier is connected to a ground terminal, and the voltage amplitude of the ground terminal is 0V or 0.3V, etc. which is approximately 0. The inverting terminal 2112 of the operational amplifier is connected in parallel to the drain of a controllable switch S2, the parallel connection being the input terminal 2114 of the current outflow circuit 21, the gate of the controllable switch S2 being connected to the output terminal 2113 of the operational amplifier, and the source of the controllable switch S2 being the output terminal 2115 of the current outflow circuit 21. And resistors R1 and R2 connected in series are connected in parallel at two ends of the induction winding Nf, and divide the voltage Vf at the two ends of the induction winding Nf. The input 2114 of the current drain circuit 21 is connected to the intermediate series connection 201 of the resistors R1 and R2.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a specific embodiment of the mirror current source 22 in fig. 3, the mirror current source 22 includes switch tubes S5 and S6, a gate of the switch tube S5 is connected to a gate of the switch tube S6, a drain of the switch tube S5 is connected to a gate of the switch tube S5, a source of the switch tube S5 is connected in parallel to a source of the switch tube S6 and then connected to an auxiliary power supply VDD, in the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the gate of the switch tube S5 is an input end 221 of the mirror current source 22, and an output end of the current outflow circuit is connected. The drain of the switching tube S6 is the output end 222 of the mirror current source 22, and is connected to the first end of the sampling capacitor Cs, the second end of the sampling capacitor Cs is connected to ground, and the switch S1 is connected in parallel to the two ends of the sampling capacitor Cs to provide a discharge path for the sampling capacitor Cs. The first terminal of the capacitor Cs is connected to the driving control circuit 13 for providing a current sampling signal V theretoCs. The switching tubes S5 and S6 are a pair of symmetrical PMOS, and the switching tube S2 is NMOS.
Fig. 5 is the utility model discloses power converter 1 ' S embodiment, power converter 1 is for the flyback converter that contains isolation transformer T, primary circuit 11 contains input voltage Vin and switch S3, primary winding N1 is established ties with switch S3 and is parallelly connected with input voltage Vin, secondary winding N2 ' S both ends are parallelly connected with secondary circuit, secondary circuit 12 is rectification filter circuit, including rectifier diode D1 and filter capacitor Cf, rectifier diode D1 with filter capacitor Cf establishes ties with secondary winding N2, filter capacitor Cf both ends voltage is power converter 1 ' S output voltage.
The current sampling circuit 2 samples the current flowing through the switch S3 and generates a current sampling signal VCsAnd the control signal Vdr is provided to the drive control circuit 13, and the drive control circuit 13 is connected to the gate of the switch S3 to generate a control signal Vdr for driving the switch S3 to turn on or off.
As shown in fig. 6, the current output circuit 21 and the mirror current source 22 are integrated in a current sampling chip 23, and the current sampling chip 23 is provided with an output 231 of the current output circuit 21 and an output 232 of the mirror current source 22. The output end 231 is connected to the auxiliary winding post Nf, the output end 232 is connected to the sampling capacitor Cs for charging the sampling point Cs, and the output end 232 is simultaneously connected to the driving control circuit 13 for providing the voltage of the sampling capacitor Cs, i.e. the current sampling signal VCs。
Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of the utility model applied to sampling the current in the inductor, a power converter, 3, including a switch circuit 31, a driving control circuit 32 and an inductor L, the switch circuit 31 is connected with the inductor L, the switch circuit 31 controls the energy flow in the inductor L, the driving control circuit 32 drives and controls the switch circuit 31, the current sampling circuit 2 includes an induction winding Nf coupled with the magnetic core of the inductor L, a voltage Vf proportional to the current Id of the inductor L is generated on the induction winding Nf, a current flowing circuit 21 is used to connect with the induction winding Nf, and specifically, the output end of the current flowing circuit 21 is connected in parallelOne end of the induction winding Nf is connected with the ground end, and the other end of the induction winding Nf is connected with the resistor R1Is connected to a resistor R1And the other end of the current source is connected in parallel with the current outflow circuit 21 and the output end, and is connected in series with the resistor R2 and then connected to ground, and generates a current Ic at the output end of the current outflow circuit 21, and uses the mirror current source 22 to generate a current Ic equal to the current Ic, and charges the capacitor Cs, where the voltage waveform of the capacitor Cs is proportional to the current waveform of the primary winding N1, and the driving control circuit 13 controls the current of the inductor L by sampling the voltage Vcs of the capacitor Cs.
Two ends of the capacitor Cs are connected in parallel with a switch S1, and the switch S1 is turned on when the switch circuit 31 is turned off to discharge the capacitor Cs.
Referring to fig. 8 again, in an embodiment of fig. 7 of the present invention, the current sampling circuit 2 samples an inductive current in a BUCK circuit, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and other circuits having an inductor, such as BOOST and BUCK-BOOST circuits, can use the current sampling circuit of the present invention.
The BUCK circuit comprises a main control switch S4, an inductor L, a freewheeling diode D2 and an output filter capacitor Co, the main control switch S4 is connected with the inductor L in series, the freewheeling diode D2 is connected with the output filter capacitor Co in series and then connected with the inductor L in parallel, when the main control switch S4 is closed, an input power Vin supplies electric energy to the inductor L, and when the main control switch S4 is turned off, the inductor L continues current through a diode D2 and supplies electric energy to a load.
An induction winding in the current sampling circuit 2 is coupled with the magnetic core of the inductor L, the induction winding Nf is coupled with the magnetic core of the inductor L, a voltage Vf proportional to the current Id of the inductor L is generated on the induction winding Nf, the current outflow circuit 21 is connected with the induction winding Nf, a current Ic is generated at the output end of the current outflow circuit 21, a current Ic equal to the current Ic is generated by the mirror current source 22 to charge the capacitor Cs, the voltage waveform on the capacitor Cs is proportional to the current waveform on the primary side N1, and the drive control circuit 13 generates a drive control signal of the main control switch S4 by sampling the voltage Vcs of the capacitor Cs to control the current of the inductor L.
The novel lossless current sampling method provided by the scheme has the beneficial effects that:
the generated loss is much smaller than the resistance sampling, the loss of the resistance sampling is Idrms ^2 × Rcs, taking a 65W adapter as an example, when 90Vac is input, the effective value of the primary side MOS tube current is about 1A, and if Rcs is 0.3ohm, the loss of 300mW will be generated and occupies 0.46% of the output power, and the loss is the energy for charging and discharging the sampling capacitor in each period, the energy for charging and discharging the sampling capacitor is 2 times, according to the calculation of the above Ccs, the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor which can sample the equivalent voltage with Rcs is calculated, if L m is 280UH, Np is 30, Na 12, Rcs is 0.3, and R1 is 90k, the switching frequency is 100kHz, the capacitance value of the sampling capacitor which can sample the equivalent voltage with Rcs is calculated, Cs is 4.15nF, the maximum voltage above the amplitude value of the sampling capacitor is 0.8V, so the generated sampling capacitor is Cs:
cs ═ Cs ^ Vcspk ^2 ^ fs ═ 0.265mW, and the losses generated are only one thousandth less than that of the resistive samples. Therefore, the current sampling method provided by the scheme saves a sampling resistor, reduces the cost and improves the efficiency of the whole machine.
And the current sampling scheme that the present case provided compares with current transformer, and the loss of same production can be ignored almost, nevertheless the utility model discloses as long as a very little electric capacity of volume, 0603 or 0402 encapsulation usually can, compare with current transformer, shared volume and cost can be ignored almost.
The utility model discloses a switch, especially controllable switch that provide to do not restrict controllable switch's kind, any applicable controllable switch all can regard as the embodiment of the utility model, for example triode, insulated gate bipolar transistor etc..
The novel sampling mode provided by the scheme can be applied to current sampling of a quasi-resonance working mode QRM, a current critical continuous mode CRM and an interrupted current working mode DCM.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a current sampling circuit, its characterized in that includes induction winding, current outflow circuit, mirror current source, sampling electric capacity, the current of induction winding induction current sampling point department to produce induced voltage, current outflow circuit with induction winding one end is connected, converts its induced voltage into induced current, mirror current source mirror the induced current and give sampling electric capacity charges, sampling electric capacity is promptly through the voltage that charges and produce current sampling signal that current sampling circuit exported.
2. The current sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein one end of the sense winding is connected to ground, the other end of the sense winding is connected to a first end of a first resistor, a second end of the first resistor is connected to a first end of a second resistor and an input of the current drain circuit, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to ground.
3. The current sampling circuit of claim 2, wherein a first switch is connected across the sampling capacitor, the first switch providing a reset discharge circuit for the sampling capacitor, the first switch being closed when the current at the current sampling point is zero to provide a reset discharge circuit for the sampling capacitor.
4. The current sampling circuit of claim 3, wherein the current sourcing circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a fourth switch, wherein a common terminal of the first operational amplifier is clamped at a voltage level of 0V, an inverting terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected in parallel with a drain of the fourth switch and then is an input terminal of the current sourcing circuit, an output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to a gate of the fourth switch, and a source of the fourth switch is an output terminal of the current sourcing circuit.
5. The current sampling circuit according to claim 4, wherein the mirror current source comprises a second switch and a third switch, gates of the second switch and the third switch are connected in parallel, sources of the second switch and the third switch are connected in parallel and then connected to the auxiliary power supply, a drain of the second switch is connected to the gate of the second switch and then connected to the output terminal of the current drain circuit, a drain of the third switch is the output terminal of the mirror current source and is connected in series with a first terminal of the sampling capacitor, a second terminal of the sampling capacitor is connected to ground, and a first terminal of the sampling capacitor is the output terminal of the current sampling circuit.
6. The current sampling circuit of claim 1, wherein the current sampling circuit is applied to a power converter, the power converter comprises a primary circuit, an isolation transformer, and a secondary circuit, the primary circuit is connected in parallel with a primary winding of the isolation transformer, the secondary circuit is connected in parallel with a secondary winding of the isolation transformer, and the sensing winding is coupled to a winding of the isolation transformer to sense a voltage of the primary winding.
7. The current sampling circuit of claim 6, wherein the power converter is a flyback converter, the current sampling circuit senses the current in the primary winding and generates a current sampling signal to the driving control circuit of the flyback converter, and the driving control circuit generates the driving signal for driving and controlling the primary main control switch of the flyback converter according to the current sampling signal.
8. The current sampling circuit of claim 1, applied to a power converter comprising an inductor, the sense winding coupled to a winding of the inductor to sense a voltage across the winding of the inductor.
9. The current sampling circuit of claim 8, wherein the power converter comprises a main control switch, the inductor, and a driving control circuit, the driving control circuit generates a driving signal for driving the main control switch according to the current sampling signal, the main control switch controls energy flow in the inductor, and the power converter is a buck converter circuit, a boost converter circuit, or a buck-boost converter circuit.
10. The current sampling circuit according to claim 1, wherein the current flowing circuit and the mirror current source are integrated in a control chip, an output terminal of the current flowing circuit and an output terminal of the mirror current source are provided outside the control chip, the output terminal of the current flowing circuit is connected to the sensing winding, the output terminal of the mirror current source is connected to the sampling capacitor, and is connected to a driving control circuit to provide a current sampling signal thereto, and the other terminal of the sampling capacitor is connected to ground.
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| CN201920761492.4U CN211043484U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Current sampling circuit |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110045174A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 南京酷科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of current sampling circuit |
| CN111896907A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Current rapid amplification system and method based on power amplifier |
| CN114487582A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-13 | 北京思凌科半导体技术有限公司 | Current detection device and current detection system |
-
2019
- 2019-05-24 CN CN201920761492.4U patent/CN211043484U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110045174A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-23 | 南京酷科电子科技有限公司 | A kind of current sampling circuit |
| CN111896907A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-06 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Current rapid amplification system and method based on power amplifier |
| CN114487582A (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2022-05-13 | 北京思凌科半导体技术有限公司 | Current detection device and current detection system |
| CN114487582B (en) * | 2022-01-30 | 2023-04-14 | 北京思凌科半导体技术有限公司 | Current detection device and current detection system |
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Address after: 210000 floor 16, building A1, Huizhi science and Technology Park, No. 8, Hengtai Road, Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: NANJING KUKE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Address before: 210000 room 0601, building a, Xingzhi science and Technology Park, Xingzhi Road, Qixia District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: NANJING KUKE ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |
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