WO2021003774A1 - 用于评估直流高速开关综合性能的方法 - Google Patents

用于评估直流高速开关综合性能的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021003774A1
WO2021003774A1 PCT/CN2019/097616 CN2019097616W WO2021003774A1 WO 2021003774 A1 WO2021003774 A1 WO 2021003774A1 CN 2019097616 W CN2019097616 W CN 2019097616W WO 2021003774 A1 WO2021003774 A1 WO 2021003774A1
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test
circuit breaker
circuit
current
arc
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PCT/CN2019/097616
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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张长虹
杨旭
黎卫国
黄忠康
孙勇
陈晓鹏
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中国南方电网有限责任公司超高压输电公司检修试验中心
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Priority to DE112019006961.6T priority Critical patent/DE112019006961T5/de
Priority to JP2021566540A priority patent/JP7201956B2/ja
Publication of WO2021003774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021003774A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/333—Testing of the switching capacity of high-voltage circuit-breakers ; Testing of breaking capacity or related variables, e.g. post arc current or transient recovery voltage
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
    • G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an evaluation method, in particular to a comprehensive performance evaluation method of a DC high-speed switch.
  • DC high-speed switch (HSS) is mainly used in multi-terminal flexible DC transmission systems.
  • the purpose of configuring the DC high-speed switch is to realize the on-line switching on and off of the third station of the DC system and the high-speed isolation of DC line faults, and to improve the reliability and availability of the entire DC system.
  • the DC high-speed switch generally adopts the open column circuit breaker type, and the operating mechanism can be hydraulic or spring.
  • the coordination requirements for the key performance parameters of the equipment are very high. Has the following characteristics:
  • the operating conditions of the DC high-speed switch mainly include four types: stable closing, opening transient process, stable opening and closing transient process. Under the 4 operating conditions encountered by HSS, the following capabilities are required:
  • the converter stations on both sides of the fracture are unlocked, and the DC voltage on both sides reaches the rated DC voltage and is stable. At this time, the HSS can be reliably closed.
  • the HSS When the HSS is closed, the converter station on the side of the fracture is blocked, and the DC voltage on the blocking side remains unchanged at the beginning.
  • the HSS should be able to open reliably. Due to the discharge of the pole line PT resistance, the voltage on the blocking side to ground gradually decreases. Therefore, the HSS should be able to withstand the gradually increasing terminal voltage before the high-speed switch supporting the knife is disconnected.
  • the HSS power measuring converter station quickly shifts the phase, and the HSS load-side converter station is quickly locked. Before the HSS opens, it needs to withstand an instantaneous large current of about 100ms with a magnitude of several Ten kA. The HSS opens after the current decays to zero.
  • the Wudongde Rouzhi Project requires an internal arcing resistance of 3125A, 400ms, and 5 times.
  • the Yungui Interconnection Project requires an internal arcing resistance of 3786A, 400ms, and 5 times. It is resistant, and the insulation jacket will not be damaged after five arcs.
  • HSS needs to have reliable high-speed closing and opening mechanical properties.
  • the Wudongde project requires closing time ⁇ 100ms and opening time ⁇ 30ms.
  • HSS does not need to have the capability of breaking DC current or fault current. However, the ability to break the residual current of the DC line is required, which is generally around 20A.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a comprehensive performance evaluation method for DC high-speed switches, which is used to conduct a comprehensive test and assessment of the HSS before applying the HSS to evaluate whether its performance meets the specified requirements.
  • a comprehensive performance evaluation method for DC high-speed switches including:
  • DC no-charge current breaking detection test used to detect and judge whether the breaking performance of the tested circuit breaker meets the requirements
  • the mechanical performance test is used to detect and judge whether the mechanical reliability of the tested circuit breaker meets the requirements
  • the tested circuit breaker will be comprehensively evaluated for performance rating.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for comprehensive performance evaluation of a DC high-speed switch provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of the arc withstand test circuit inside the DC high-speed switch
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the evaluation system of the contact ablation state of the interrupter of the circuit breaker
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of infrared monitoring of the interrupter
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the temperature rise assessment process
  • Figure 6 is the circuit diagram of the DC high-speed switch DC no-charge current breaking test circuit.
  • the comprehensive performance evaluation method of the DC high-speed switch mainly includes:
  • DC no-charge current breaking detection test used to detect and judge whether the breaking performance of the tested circuit breaker meets the requirements
  • the mechanical performance test is used to detect and judge whether the mechanical reliability of the tested circuit breaker meets the requirements
  • the tested circuit breaker will be comprehensively evaluated for performance rating.
  • the above-mentioned internal arcing tolerance performance detection test mainly includes two major steps including the construction of the test circuit and the test operation.
  • the test circuit is mainly composed of three circuits: a short circuit circuit 100, a rectifier circuit 200, and an arc monitoring circuit 300.
  • the short circuit circuit 100 includes an auxiliary circuit breaker AB2, an alternator G, and a short circuit transformer T.
  • the alternator G, the short circuit auxiliary circuit breaker AB2, and the primary coil of the short circuit transformer T are connected in series to form a circuit.
  • the rectifier circuit 200 includes a first ammeter A1, a rectifier valve group V, a dry reactor L, a rectifier auxiliary circuit breaker AB1, and a current limiting resistor R.
  • the rectifier valve group V is connected to the secondary coil of the short-circuit transformer T .
  • the first ammeter A1 is installed on the coil connected to the rectifier valve V and the secondary coil of the short-circuit transformer T; one end of the current limiting resistor R is connected to the input end of the rectifier valve group V, and the other end is connected to the rectifier auxiliary circuit breaker
  • One end of the reactor AB1 is connected; one end of the reactor L is connected to the output end of the rectifier valve group V.
  • the arc monitoring circuit 300 includes a first voltmeter V1, a second voltmeter V2, a second ammeter A2, and a characteristic parameter comprehensive monitoring device 30; the other end of the rectifier auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 is used to communicate with the tested circuit breaker T0 Phase connection; the characteristic parameter comprehensive monitoring device 30 is used to monitor the tested circuit breaker T0 to obtain the parameters required for the test; one end of the second ammeter A2 is connected to the other end of the current limiting resistor R, and the other end Connected to the tested circuit breaker T0 and grounded respectively; one end of the first voltmeter V1 is connected to the line connecting the second ammeter A2 and the tested circuit breaker T0, and the other end is grounded; one end of the second voltmeter V2 Connect to the line connecting the rectifier auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 and the tested circuit breaker T0, and the other end is grounded.
  • the internal arc tolerance test scene of the DC high-speed switch can be simulated equivalently, and the circuit breaker can be verified under the rated pressure of the circuit breaker SF 6 through the equivalent simulation circuit The performance of the device to withstand the ablation of the DC current of the system load in the system operation state.
  • the circuit breaker under test ie, the circuit breaker under test T0
  • the circuit breaker under test T0 starts to open from the closing position, and a direct current arc I dc flows between the arc contacts of the circuit breaker under test (the specific amplitude is based on the specific amplitude).
  • the calculation value of the most severe fault conditions of the project shall prevail, generally in the range of 3000-5000A)
  • the duration is t ac (the specific time is subject to the fixed value of the protection blocking time of the flexible straight valve of the specific project, generally in the range of 300-500ms);
  • the tested circuit breaker T0 is in the closed state, and the auxiliary circuit breakers AB1 and AB2 are in the open state.
  • Parameter deviation requirements the deviation of the DC amplitude I dc from the engineering requirements is ⁇ 10%, the duration cannot exceed 0.5s, and the deviation of I dc 2 t is 0-10%.
  • the bridge type converter valve V composed of controllable converter arms of the rectifying valve group V can be set to 6 pulses or 12 pulses.
  • test operation steps include the following sub-steps:
  • the circuit breaker under test Before the test circuit is short-circuited, the circuit breaker under test is in the closed position. After the test is started, the auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 is closed to short-circuit the circuit, and the short-circuit current is amplified with the coil turns ratio through the short-circuit transformer T to generate the short-circuit current required by the test, which is input into the rectifier valve of the rectifier circuit by an ammeter A1 records the current amplitude in real time.
  • the bridge converter valve V composed of controllable converter arms can be set to 6 pulses or 12 pulses.
  • the auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 is closed and the DC current is output.
  • the dry-type reactor L and the current-limiting resistor R are adjusted, the current amplitude I dc that meets the test requirements is generated.
  • the tested circuit breaker T0 In the arc monitoring circuit, after the rated DC current flows through the tested circuit breaker T0, the tested circuit breaker T0 is controlled to open. With the rapid relative opening movement of the contacts, a DC arc is generated between the arc contacts and the contacts After the switch is opened in place, the DC arc will continue to ablate between the arc contacts. After the test requires time t ac , the auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 will disconnect the AC short circuit circuit, cut off the power supply and measure the energy supply. The tested circuit breaker T0 arc contacts The arc gradually weakened and eventually extinguished. At this point, an experiment is over. Perform n tests according to the required value of the test. The test interval should be based on the time required for the temperature of the circuit breaker to be tested to return to the ambient temperature to avoid personal injury.
  • the dynamic resistance includes 4 key characteristic parameters, which are specifically defined as follows:
  • Effective contact state of the arc contact During the opening and closing process of the circuit breaker, when the contact resistance of the arc contact is less than or equal to a certain threshold (the value can be given by referring to the measured value of the dynamic contact resistance), it is considered arc contact The head belongs to the effective contact state. When the contact resistance is greater than this value, the arc contact is considered to be an invalid contact and is a separated state (not absolute separation, but to facilitate data analysis). Since the test current reaches more than 2000A during the dynamic resistance test, when the metal of the arc contact is absolutely separated, there will be a short arc phenomenon. It is inaccurate to use the test method to use the infinite contact resistance as the absolute contact separation time. Therefore, this application defines A certain threshold is used as the edge value of the arc contact, only for the convenience of the trend analysis of the test data.
  • Effective contact displacement L (mm) In the opening and closing process of the circuit breaker, just after the main contact is separated, the contact displacement corresponding to the arc contact contact resistance is less than or equal to the threshold (2000 ⁇ ), called effective contact Displacement.
  • Cumulative contact resistance R accu ( ⁇ *mm) the cumulative value of the contact resistance at the sampling time corresponding to the effective contact displacement.
  • the sampling rate of the test instrument is 20k, that is, the corresponding contact resistance value is obtained every 0.05ms, and the contact resistance within the effective contact displacement curve range is integrated to obtain the cumulative contact resistance ⁇ *mm.
  • Average contact resistance R ave ( ⁇ /mm) The cumulative contact resistance is divided by the effective contact displacement to get the average contact resistance ⁇ /mm, which can better reflect the changes in contact resistance and effective contact displacement after contact ablation .
  • the average contact resistance shows a rapid downward trend with the increase of the effective contact displacement. After the contact displacement is greater than 5mm, the average contact resistance changes gradually to stabilize.
  • the size, length and weight change of the arc contact should be recorded.
  • Fig. 3 the evaluation method of the contact ablation state of the interrupter of the circuit breaker is shown in Fig. 3, including the following steps:
  • the first step the user extracts the characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker interrupter through the dynamic resistance test technology, and inputs them to the evaluation system.
  • the input data includes:
  • circuit breaker dispatch number circuit breaker dispatch number, phase, voltage level, circuit breaker model, manufacturer, commissioning time;
  • Step 2 Based on the database (accumulated energy ablation fingerprint library; contact characteristic parameter correlation library; contact ablation state expert library), synthesize the characteristic parameters of the initial state and current state of the circuit breaker to be evaluated input in the first step After evaluation, the cumulative opening and closing energy corresponding to the current ablation state of the arc contact and the quantitative difference of the characteristic quantity correlation curve are obtained.
  • the third step Based on the results of the comprehensive analysis of the second step, the calculation of characteristic parameters is completed, and the ratio range of the effective contact displacement of the current arc contact of the circuit breaker to the initial effective contact displacement is judged.
  • Step 4 Evaluate the current state of the interrupter chamber of the circuit breaker. For example, if the ratio of the effective contact displacement of the current arc contact to the initial effective contact displacement is within the range of 80-100%, it belongs to the normal ablation state; if the ratio is 60-80 In the range of %, it belongs to a slightly ablated state; if the ratio is in the range of 40-60%, it belongs to a moderate ablation state; if the ratio is in the range of 20-40%, it belongs to a severe ablation state; if the ratio is in the range of ⁇ 20% , Belong to an abnormal state;
  • a conventional speed sensor can be used to install on the arm of the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker.
  • the opening and closing speed is changed.
  • the data of v-time t-action stroke l is transmitted in real time to the characteristic parameter comprehensive monitoring device for comprehensive processing.
  • the temperature rise of the arc is radiated to the insulating jacket of the arc extinguishing chamber via the insulating gas, which will cause arc extinguishing
  • the temperature rise of the chamber surface is a few K. Therefore, during the test, infrared monitoring devices are used based on infrared radiation temperature measurement technology to monitor the temperature rise of the insulation jacket of the interrupter of the circuit breaker in real time, and transmit the data to the comprehensive monitoring device for characteristic parameters Conduct comprehensive analysis and evaluation. In the type test, the temperature rise test data will be used as the basis for important state evaluation after operation.
  • the circuit breaker has two arc extinguishing chambers, and the temperature measurement points of each arc extinguishing chamber are respectively taken from the upper and lower layers. There are 6 points in the left, middle and right positions, as shown in Figure 4.
  • the temperature rise assessment process is shown in Figure 5, including:
  • the temperature of the insulation jacket of the arc extinguishing chamber is monitored by infrared, and the temperature rise test is carried out according to the principle of the upper and lower layers, the left, middle and right points.
  • the temperature rise of each point is recorded as T2.
  • the scatter temperature rise is processed by the root of variance to obtain the mean value T1.
  • the measured temperature rise of the jacket is inversely calculated to obtain the calculated value of the current-carrying conductor temperature rise.
  • test value of the scattered points of the arc extinguishing chamber exceeds the first limit value T2max1, if yes, it is evaluated as abnormal contact of the current-carrying conductor of the arc extinguishing chamber, if not, proceed to the next evaluation.
  • test value of the scattered point of the arc extinguishing chamber exceeds the first limit T2max2, if it is, it is assessed that the current-carrying conductor contact of the arc extinguishing chamber has reached the attention value, and other auxiliary evaluation methods should be adopted. If not, the temperature rise evaluation ends .
  • the tested circuit breaker T0 should not produce obvious external effects, that is, the test product cannot explode, and there can be no holes or cracks on the shell. It meets the requirements of internal arc resistance performance.
  • the conventional mechanical performance M2 level 10000 is completed in accordance with the standard.
  • the mechanical limit condition test should also be added. The following is the proof of the mechanical reliability at the limit speed for the spring operating mechanism circuit breaker and the hydraulic (including hydraulic disc spring) mechanism. After completing the test conditions in the following table After the middle operation, the circuit breaker did not appear to fail to operate, malfunction, jam, etc., and the hydraulic mechanism did not leak oil, frequent pressure, and failed to build pressure. The test passed.
  • the opening and closing speed range of the supplied equipment is to verify the mechanical operation performance of the equipment at the fastest opening and closing speed and the slowest opening and closing speed (each carried out no less than 500 times). During the test, there should be no abnormal actions. After the test, the test product should be checked for abnormal damage.
  • the DC no-charge current interruption detection test mainly includes two major steps, one is to construct a test circuit, and the other is to perform a test operation on the test circuit.
  • the test circuit includes a circuit including the first auxiliary circuit breaker AB1, the second auxiliary circuit breaker AB2, the capacitor bank C, the resistor R, the ammeter A, the first voltmeter V 1, and the second voltmeter. V2 and DC high voltage generator DC.
  • the DC high voltage generator CC, the second auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 and the capacitor bank C are connected in series to form a loop; the capacitor bank C, the resistor R and the second voltmeter V2 are connected in series to form a loop; the first auxiliary circuit breaker One end of the device AB1 is connected to the resistor R, and the other end is used to connect to one end of the tested circuit breaker T0; one end of the first voltmeter V1 is connected to the first auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 and the tested circuit breaker T0 The other end is connected to the phase connection line of the second voltmeter V2 and capacitor bank C; one end of the ammeter A is used to connect to the other end of the tested circuit breaker T0, and the other end is grounded and connected to On the line connecting the second voltmeter V2 and the capacitor bank C.
  • the first auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 and the second auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 are in the open state, the tested circuit breaker T0 is in the closed state, and the DC high voltage generator DC can output the DC high voltage to the capacitor bank C to a specified value.
  • the DC no-charge current breaking test circuit of the DC high-speed switch includes the following steps:
  • the configuration of the capacitor bank mainly determines the capacitance C of the capacitor bank and the internal resistance R C of the capacitor bank. After the capacitor bank is charged, the pre-charged capacitor bank and the resistive load form a DC current loop, so the capacitor parameters can be based on the following The formula is obtained.
  • the cooperative operation interval T1 between the auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 and the auxiliary circuit breaker AB1, and the cooperative operation interval T2 between the auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 and the tested circuit breaker T0, must not exceed the time t for the current to decay to I after the test circuit is turned on, otherwise
  • the breaking current of the tested circuit breaker will be less than the required value I, which is determined by the overall time constant of the specific circuit, which can be obtained by the following formula.
  • Ln is the logarithm of the natural constant.
  • the voltage level and range of ammeter A, voltmeter V1, V2 should be higher than the test requirements.
  • the auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 is closed, and the DC high-voltage generator DC charges and stores the capacitor bank. After reaching U+IR C or above, the auxiliary circuit breaker AB2 opens.
  • the auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 After the delay of the T1 operation interval, the auxiliary circuit breaker AB1 is closed, the test circuit is turned on, and affected by the RC circuit, the circuit current has a certain attenuation range. Before the test current I is attenuated, the tested circuit breaker T0 passes the T2 operation interval The gate will be opened after a time delay.
  • a DC arc will be generated at the break of the switch.
  • the DC arc can be equivalent to a dynamic resistance; as the opening process proceeds, the distance between the moving and static arc contacts gradually increases, and the DC current
  • the arc resistance gradually increases, the voltage at both ends of the switch also gradually increases, and the loop current gradually decreases; when the current is small to a certain level, the arc burning is difficult to maintain and the arc is extinguished.
  • record the T3 arcing time It is required that the product of the T3 arcing time and the average opening speed v of the circuit breaker must be less than the design distance L of the contact, otherwise the opening movement will stop and the DC arc cannot be extinguished, which will cause the opening failure.
  • the initial state of the tested circuit breaker is the closing position, the circuit is connected by the auxiliary switch of the circuit, and then the circuit breaker under test is opened at the on-current time T2. After the arcing time T3, the tested circuit breaker will normally open the test current I. , After breaking, the arc contact can withstand the recovery voltage U without heavy breakdown.
  • the positive and negative polarity were tested 10 times each.
  • the tested circuit breaker (namely, the tested circuit breaker) has completed the specified positive and negative polarity DC no-charge current breaking times m, and it can be judged as the test passed.
  • the external insulation performance test can be determined by the design of the external insulation dry arc distance and creepage distance of the circuit breaker, as well as the insulation characteristics of the external insulation under climatic conditions such as humidity, pollution or salt spray.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
PCT/CN2019/097616 2019-07-10 2019-07-25 用于评估直流高速开关综合性能的方法 WO2021003774A1 (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112019006961.6T DE112019006961T5 (de) 2019-07-10 2019-07-25 Verfahren zum evaluieren einer umfassenden leistung eines gleichstrom-hochgeschwindigkeitsschalters
JP2021566540A JP7201956B2 (ja) 2019-07-10 2019-07-25 直流高速スイッチの総合性能を評価する方法

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CN201910620751.6A CN110376514B (zh) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 一种直流高速开关综合性能评估方法
CN201910620751.6 2019-07-10

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