WO2021001216A1 - Plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible, procédé de fabrication d'une plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible ainsi que pile à combustible - Google Patents

Plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible, procédé de fabrication d'une plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible ainsi que pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021001216A1
WO2021001216A1 PCT/EP2020/067505 EP2020067505W WO2021001216A1 WO 2021001216 A1 WO2021001216 A1 WO 2021001216A1 EP 2020067505 W EP2020067505 W EP 2020067505W WO 2021001216 A1 WO2021001216 A1 WO 2021001216A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composite
bipolar plate
fuel cell
graphite
preform
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/067505
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Anika Harbord
Matthias Musialek
Leonore Glanz
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2021001216A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021001216A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0226—Composites in the form of mixtures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0213—Gas-impermeable carbon-containing materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0221—Organic resins; Organic polymers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • Bipolar plate for a fuel cell process for the production of a
  • the invention relates to a bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to the preamble of independent claim 1, a method for producing a bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to independent claim 7 and a fuel cell according to independent claim 10.
  • a fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction.
  • the type of fuel cell is the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (proton exchange membrane, PEM fuel cell).
  • PEM fuel cell proton exchange membrane
  • membranes, electrodes and a catalytic converter there are also so-called
  • Bipolar plates provided. These electrically conductive plates serve to conduct the electrical current as electrodes and also to guide a fluid through appropriately arranged flow channels.
  • Fuel cells or fuel cell stacks are constructed from membrane electrode units and bipolar plates arranged alternately one above the other. The bipolar plates serve to supply the electrodes with educts and to cool the fuel cell stack. To maintain the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell stack, bipolar plates bring the electrodes formed on the anode side advantageously with as little electrical power as possible
  • Contact resistance should be as low as possible. The latter are depending on the surface quality of the panels, the adjacent
  • Contact medium and the applied contact pressure In addition, it must have a high level of media impermeability, corrosion resistance and good
  • bipolar plates in addition to thin, structured metal foils, which usually require corrosion protection, and pure graphite plates, which show high chemical resistance and good contact resistance, but are complex to process, plates made of highly filled graphite-based plates can also be used Thermoplastic or curable composites are used, which combine the good functional properties of graphite with a simpler and more cost-effective shape.
  • the present invention shows a bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to the features of claim 1, a method for producing a
  • Bipolar plate according to the features of claim 7 and a fuel cell according to the features of claim 10.
  • the present invention shows a bipolar plate for a fuel cell, the bipolar plate comprising a composite, the composite comprising a polymeric base material and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material, the graphite-based filler material being at least partially highly filled and the graphite-based filler material has at least one graphite-based thermoplastic material area and / or a graphite-based hardenable material area.
  • the composite of the bipolar plate according to the invention comprises peroxides at least in some areas.
  • the bipolar plate according to the invention for a fuel cell is produced from a composite according to the invention.
  • the composite has a polymeric base material, in particular in the form of a polymeric matrix.
  • the composite has filler material inside and around the base material.
  • Graphite-based filler materials are used as filler material, the filler materials within and around the polymeric base material being at least partially, preferably completely, highly filled.
  • the filler materials in particular the graphite-based filler material, are arranged in a compressed manner with a high density within and / or around the polymeric base material. More detailed considerations on the weight and volume distributions of the composite are described in a later section of the description of this invention.
  • the graphite-based filler material can be thermoplastic and / or hardenable, in particular thermosetting.
  • the electrically and thermally conductive properties of a bipolar plate configured in this way are particularly advantageous, decisive, in particular exclusively, due to the graphite-based filling materials.
  • a processing of the composite according to the invention to a bipolar plate and further to a fuel cell is shown in the
  • a composite With highly filled filling materials, a composite can tend to be brittle. This means that due to the dense filling of the filling material, any possible deformation of the composite, for example for further processing, is reduced and / or restricted.
  • the at least regionally arranged peroxides of the composite enable improved flowability and / or adhesion of the composite with simple and inexpensive means. This enables a bipolar plate according to the invention with reduced thickness and / or production costs.
  • Bipolar plate is provided that the composite comprises at least one of the following additional materials:
  • Polymer plasticizers especially PP waxes.
  • the composite according to the invention can advantageously be supplemented by at least one of the additional materials in order to additionally improve flowability and / or adhesion of the composite.
  • the flowability that is to say the possible deformation, of the composite can be further increased and / or simplified and thus improved.
  • the addition of at least one of the additional materials mentioned to the composite according to the invention enables improved adhesion of the composite to a metallic foil and / or other structural components of the bipolar plate and / or the
  • the titanates and the zirconates can enable a pressure-sensitive adhesive function in the composite for further elements of the bipolar plate and / or the fuel cell.
  • an increased flowability of the composite is particularly advantageous.
  • Supplementing the composite with at least one of the mentioned additional materials enables thinner film production and an improved possibility of stretching due to the improved melt flowability of the composite for the production of a bipolar plate of a fuel cell.
  • An inventive Composite with at least one additional material can be based, for example, on the following chemical structure:
  • Bipolar plate is provided that the polymer base material has polymer chains, the polymer chains, in particular through
  • Bipolar plate is provided that at least one metallic foil is arranged and / or attached in and / or on the composite.
  • a metallic foil By adding a metallic foil to the composite and / or the bipolar plate, a multilayer composite with advantageous properties can be produced, for example.
  • a metallic foil enables a simpler production of a composite foil which is as thin as possible and which can be further processed into a bipolar plate, in particular a bipolar plate which is as thin as possible.
  • Bipolar plate is provided so that the composite consists of 80 to 95% by weight of the graphite-based filling material.
  • Bipolar plate can preferably have a weight percentage of 80 to 95% by weight for the graphite-based filler material.
  • a bipolar plate designed in this way enables an advantageously high electrical and thermal conductivity with low cost and time expenditure for production.
  • the present invention discloses a method for producing the bipolar plate for a fuel cell, the bipolar plate comprising a composite, the composite comprising a polymeric base material and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filling material, wherein the bipolar plate according to one of the preceding claims is configured, the method comprising the following steps:
  • An extruded profile, a plate, a film or some other rough shaping of the composite prior to processing the preform into a bipolar plate can be understood as a preform according to the invention.
  • the preform can be produced from the composite by means of various forming, cutting and / or machining techniques.
  • the preform produced is shaped and / or machined into a bipolar plate by means of embossing, pressing, deep drawing and / or further shaping techniques and / or post-machining.
  • a method designed in this way for producing a bipolar plate for a fuel cell is advantageous due to the advantageously possible thin configuration of the bipolar plates by the method according to the invention and the good flow and deformation properties of the composite.
  • the method for producing the bipolar plate for a fuel cell according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as have already been described for the bipolar plate according to the first aspect of the invention. According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the method further comprises the following step:
  • Preform and / or on a semi-finished product produced from the preform are Preform and / or on a semi-finished product produced from the preform.
  • a metallic foil enables a simpler production of a preform that is as thin as possible, for example in the form of a composite foil, which can be further processed into a bipolar plate, in particular a bipolar plate that is as thin as possible.
  • An arrangement and / or fastening of the metallic foil can preferably be understood as an adhesion of the metallic foil to the composite, the preform and / or the bipolar plate. Such adhesion is improved and / or reinforced by the additional materials described above.
  • the production of a preform from the composite comprises calendering the composite to form a semi-finished product and / or to form a composite film.
  • the production of a preform from the composite according to the invention can include, for example, the process steps of calendering.
  • Such a method enables a particularly thin, uniform and simple to manufacture preform in the form of a semi-finished product and / or a composite film.
  • the calendering of the composite is associated with little expenditure in terms of time and costs and is therefore advantageously suitable for series production of the bipolar plate according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention can produce a preform from the composite by means of extrusion or other shaping techniques.
  • the present invention discloses one
  • the bipolar plates are designed according to the first aspect of the present invention.
  • the fuel cell according to the third aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as have already been described for the method according to the second aspect of the invention or the bipolar plate according to the first aspect of the invention. Further measures improving the invention emerge from the following description of some exemplary embodiments of the invention, which are shown schematically in the figures. All from the
  • FIG. 1 shows a detailed representation of a material composition of a composite with a polymeric base material and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material, the graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material in regions as a graphite-based thermoplastic material region and
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed representation of a material composition of a composite with a polymeric base material and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material, the graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material in regions as a graphite-based thermoplastic material region and
  • FIG. 3 shows a method step for producing a semi-finished product from a preform made of a composite
  • FIG. 4 shows a fuel cell with an electrolyte, two electrodes, two gas diffusion layers and two bipolar plates.
  • identical reference symbols are used for the same technical features from different exemplary embodiments.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic detailed illustration of a material composition of a composite 100 of an embodiment according to the invention of a bipolar plate 150 (not shown) with a polymeric base material 102 and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material 110, the graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material 110 is designed in regions as graphite-based thermoplastic material region 112 and in regions as graphite-based hardenable material region 114.
  • the composite 100 has a polymeric base material 102, for example in the form of a polymeric matrix.
  • the composite 100 has filler material 110 within and around the polymeric base material 102.
  • Graphite-based filler materials 110 are used as filler material 110, the filler materials 110 within and around the polymeric base material 102 being at least regionally, preferably completely, highly filled. This means that the filling materials 110 are arranged in a compacted manner within and around the polymeric base material 102 with a high density.
  • the largely homogeneous and / or symmetrical arrangement of the materials 102, 110 within the composite 100 is selected as an example and can be advantageously homogeneous
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic detailed illustration of a material composition of a composite 100 of an embodiment according to the invention of a bipolar plate 150 (not shown) with a polymeric base material 102 and a graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive filler material 110, the graphite-based, electrically and thermally conductive Fill material 110
  • the material composition of the composite 100 in FIG. 2 according to an embodiment of the invention has at least one
  • Additional material 116 to ensure flowability and / or adhesion of the composite 100 to improve. Due to the highly filled filling materials 110, a composite 100 can tend to be brittle. This means that due to the dense filling of the filling material 110, a possible deformation of the composite 100, for example for further processing, is reduced and / or restricted. By adding at least one of the mentioned additional materials 116, the flowability, that is to say the possible deformation, of the composite 100 can be enlarged and / or simplified and thus improved. In addition to better formability, the addition of the
  • a supplement of the composite 100 by at least one of the mentioned additional materials 116 enables a thinner foil production as well as an improved stretching possibility due to the improved
  • Bipolar plate 150 (not shown) of a fuel cell 200 (not shown).
  • FIG. 3 shows a method step for producing a semifinished product 140 for a bipolar plate 150 (not shown) from a preform 130 made of a composite 100.
  • a composite 100 according to the invention is processed by means of calendering to form a semi-finished product 140 according to the invention.
  • a preform 130 made of composite 100 is processed by means of roller pairs with decreasing spacing to form a composite film as thin as possible as a semi-finished product 140 for the production of a bipolar plate 150 (not shown) of a fuel cell 200 (not shown).
  • the composite 100 according to the invention is characterized by the at least regionally arranged peroxides,
  • FIG. 4 shows a fuel cell 200 with an electrolyte 202, two electrodes 206, two gas diffusion layers 204 and two bipolar plates 150.
  • the inventive bipolar plate 150 can be through
  • the fuel cell 200 according to the third aspect of the invention has the same advantages as have already been described for the method according to the second aspect of the invention or the bipolar plate 150 according to the first aspect of the invention.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une plaque bipolaire (150) pour une pile à combustible (200), la plaque bipolaire (150) comprenant un composite (100). Le composite (100) possède un matériau de base polymère (102) et un matériau de charge (110) à base de graphite, conducteur d'électricité et de chaleur. Le matériau de charge (110) à base de graphite est fortement chargé au moins dans certaines zones et le matériau de charge (110) à base de graphite possède au moins une zone de matériau thermoplastique (112) à base de graphite et/ou une zone de matériau durcissable (114) à base de graphite, le composite (100) comprenant des peroxydes au moins dans certaines zones. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé de fabrication de la plaque bipolaire (150) ainsi qu'une pile à combustible (200).
PCT/EP2020/067505 2019-07-03 2020-06-23 Plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible, procédé de fabrication d'une plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible ainsi que pile à combustible WO2021001216A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019209776.6A DE102019209776A1 (de) 2019-07-03 2019-07-03 Bipolarplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle, Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bipolarplatte für eine Brennstoffzelle sowie Brennstoffzelle
DE102019209776.6 2019-07-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021001216A1 true WO2021001216A1 (fr) 2021-01-07

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PCT/EP2020/067505 WO2021001216A1 (fr) 2019-07-03 2020-06-23 Plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible, procédé de fabrication d'une plaque bipolaire pour une pile à combustible ainsi que pile à combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102019209776A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021001216A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024051879A1 (fr) * 2022-09-09 2024-03-14 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Procédé de production de plaque bipolaire, plaque bipolaire et cellule électrochimique

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020037448A1 (en) * 2000-08-14 2002-03-28 Fitts Bruce B. Thermosetting composition for electrochemical cell components and methods of making thereof
US20040076863A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2004-04-22 Baars Dirk M. Apparatus and method of manufacture of electrochemical cell components
US20050109990A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2005-05-26 Yeager Gary W. Electrically conductive thermoset composition, method for the preparation thereof, and articles derived therefrom
WO2008049099A1 (fr) 2006-10-21 2008-04-24 Polyone Corporation Composés thermoplastiques de polyhydroxyalkanoate
DE102017201703A1 (de) 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Komposit, Herstellungsverfahren für ein Komposit und aus dem Komposit gebildeter Formkörper

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020037448A1 (en) * 2000-08-14 2002-03-28 Fitts Bruce B. Thermosetting composition for electrochemical cell components and methods of making thereof
US20050109990A1 (en) * 2001-01-18 2005-05-26 Yeager Gary W. Electrically conductive thermoset composition, method for the preparation thereof, and articles derived therefrom
US20040076863A1 (en) * 2001-01-19 2004-04-22 Baars Dirk M. Apparatus and method of manufacture of electrochemical cell components
WO2008049099A1 (fr) 2006-10-21 2008-04-24 Polyone Corporation Composés thermoplastiques de polyhydroxyalkanoate
DE102017201703A1 (de) 2017-02-02 2018-08-02 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Komposit, Herstellungsverfahren für ein Komposit und aus dem Komposit gebildeter Formkörper

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CAN KREUZ: "PEM-Brennstoffzellen mit spritzgegossenen Bipolarplatten aus hochgefülltem Graphit-Compound", 1 April 2008 (2008-04-01), XP055731581, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://d-nb.info/989681610/34> [retrieved on 20200917] *

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