WO2021000097A1 - 天线和电子设备 - Google Patents

天线和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000097A1
WO2021000097A1 PCT/CN2019/093993 CN2019093993W WO2021000097A1 WO 2021000097 A1 WO2021000097 A1 WO 2021000097A1 CN 2019093993 W CN2019093993 W CN 2019093993W WO 2021000097 A1 WO2021000097 A1 WO 2021000097A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feeding
arm
antenna
power feeding
probe part
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093993
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈思
武景
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
瑞声科技（南京）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司, 瑞声科技（南京）有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093993 priority Critical patent/WO2021000097A1/zh
Priority to CN201910606430.0A priority patent/CN110350314B/zh
Priority to US16/995,845 priority patent/US20200412004A1/en
Publication of WO2021000097A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000097A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/56—Circuits for coupling, blocking, or by-passing of signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H01Q19/08—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens for modifying the radiation pattern of a radiating horn in which it is located
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/52—Systems for transmission between fixed stations via waveguides

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment.
  • the fifth-generation mobile communication technology will greatly change people's existing lifestyles and promote the continuous development of society.
  • base station antennas will also use more large-scale array antennas, which also puts forward higher requirements for antenna elements.
  • Antennas that can cover multiple frequency bands will Greatly respected.
  • the existing antennas cover a lower frequency band.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an antenna and electronic equipment that cover a wide frequency band.
  • the present invention provides an antenna.
  • the antenna includes a radiating portion and a ground plate that are stacked, and a radiating portion that feeds the radiating portion.
  • the radiating portion includes four radiators distributed in a 2*2 plane array. The radiators are spaced apart from each other to form a first gap and a second gap perpendicular to each other in the center of the planar array, and the power feeding portion includes a first power feeding needle, a first power feeding arm, a second power feeding needle, and a second power feeding pin.
  • a feeding arm, the orthographic projection of the first feeding arm on the planar array is located in the first gap, and the orthographic projection of the second feeding arm on the planar array is located in the second gap shown ,
  • the second feeding arm is perpendicular to the first feeding arm, the first feeding needle is vertically connected to one end of the first feeding arm, and the second feeding needle is vertically connected to the At one end of the second feeding arm, the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm are respectively used for coupling and feeding the four radiators.
  • the first feeding arm is located on a plane where the planar array is located, and the second feeding arm is located on a plane between the planar array and the ground plate.
  • the first feeding needle includes a second probe part connected with the first feeding arm and a first probe part connected in series with the second probe part.
  • the diameter of a probe part is larger than the diameter of the second probe part
  • the power feeding part further includes at least one first power feeding disk, and the at least one first power feeding disk is ringed around the second probe , And parallel to the first feeding arm.
  • the first power feeder plate includes a plurality of the first power feeder plates are arranged at intervals.
  • the first feeder plate includes four.
  • the second feeder needle includes a fourth probe part connected with the second feeder arm and a third probe part connected in series with the fourth probe part.
  • the diameter of the three probe parts is greater than the diameter of the fourth probe part
  • the power feeding part further includes at least one second power feeding disk, and the at least one second power feeding disk is arranged around the fourth probe , And parallel to the second feeding arm.
  • the second power feeder plate includes a plurality of second power feeder plates which are arranged at intervals.
  • the antenna further includes a substrate, the radiating portion and the ground plate are respectively provided on two opposite surfaces of the substrate, and the first feeding needle and the second feeding needle are penetrated In the substrate.
  • the antenna further includes a plurality of metal vias, and each of the radiators is electrically connected to the ground plate through at least one metal via.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device including the above-mentioned antenna, and the electronic device is a smart terminal or an antenna base station.
  • the orthographic projection of the first feeding arm on the planar array is located in the first gap
  • the orthographic projection of the second feeding arm on the planar array is The projection is located in the second gap shown
  • the second feeding arm is perpendicular to the first feeding arm
  • the first feeding needle is vertically connected to one end of the first feeding arm
  • the first feeding arm Two feeding pins are vertically connected to one end of the second feeding arm.
  • the first feeding arm and the second feeding arm are respectively used to couple and feed the four radiators so that the antenna can cover the frequency band Wider, the structure of the antenna is simple, and the size of the antenna is small, which meets the miniaturization requirements of the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a power feeding part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first power feeding assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a first power feeding assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the radiating part, the first power feeding component, and the second power feeding component according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a second power feeding assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a substrate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an S curve of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an antenna 1 which includes a radiating part 10, a power feeding part 20, a substrate 30, a ground plate 40 and a metal via 50.
  • the radiating part, the substrate 30 and the ground plate 40 are stacked in sequence, the metal via 50 is penetrated in the substrate 30, a part of the power feeding part 20 is penetrated in the substrate 30, and the power feeding part is used to couple and feed power to the radiating part 10
  • the radiating part is electrically connected to the ground sheet 40 through the metal via 50 to ground the radiating part.
  • the radiating part 10 includes four radiators distributed in a 2*2 planar array, and the radiators are spaced apart to form a first gap 11 and a second gap 12 perpendicular to each other in the center of the planar array.
  • the four radiators are named the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, the third radiator 15, and the fourth radiator 16, respectively.
  • the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, the third radiator 15 and the fourth radiator 16 are disposed on the same surface on the substrate 30.
  • the first radiator 13, the second radiator 14, the third radiator 15 and the fourth radiator 16 are arranged on the surface of the substrate 30 away from the ground plate 40.
  • first gap 11 between the first radiator 13 and the third radiator 15, and a first gap 11 between the second radiator 14 and the fourth radiator 16; the first radiator 13 and the fourth radiator 16
  • second gap 12 therebetween, and there is also a second gap 12 between the second radiator 14 and the third radiator 15.
  • the ground plate 40 is used for grounding.
  • the ground plate 40 and the radiating portion 10 are respectively provided on two opposite surfaces of the substrate 30. Holes can be opened on the ground plate 40 for the feeder to pass through.
  • the structure of the metal via 50 is not limited, as long as it can electrically connect the radiator and the ground plate 40.
  • the metal via 50 may be a hollow metal pillar, may be a solid metal pillar, or may be a wire.
  • Each radiator is electrically connected to the ground plate 40 through at least one metal via 50.
  • the metal via 50 is a solid metal pillar, and each radiator is electrically connected to the ground plate 40 through a metal via 50.
  • the power feeding part 20 includes a first power feeding component 21 and a second power feeding component 22, and the first power feeding component 21 and the second power feeding component 22 respectively couple and feed the four radiators.
  • the radiating part 10 forms orthogonal horizontal polarization and vertical polarization under the coupling and feeding of the first feeding element 21 and the second feeding element 22.
  • the first power feeding assembly 21 includes a first power feeding pin 211, a first power feeding arm 212 and a first power feeding plate 213.
  • the first feeding needle 211 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end, the first feeding arm 212 and the first feeding plate 213 respectively.
  • the orthographic projection of the first feeding arm 212 on the planar array is located in the first gap 11.
  • the first feeding arm 212 is used to couple and feed the four radiators.
  • the first feeding plate 213 is arranged around the first feeding needle 211 and is arranged in parallel with the first feeding arm 212.
  • the first power feeding plate 213 has a sheet shape. In this embodiment, the shape of the first feeding plate 213 is circular.
  • the first feeding tray 213 includes at least one. At least one first feeding plate 213 is arranged around the first feeding pin 211, the first feeding plate 213 and the first feeding pin 211 are electrically and fixedly connected, and the axial direction of the first feeding pin 211 is A first feeder plate 213 is vertical.
  • the plurality of the first power feeding trays 213 are arranged at intervals.
  • the first power feeding disk 213 includes four, the four first power feeding disks 213 are arranged on the first power feeding pin 211, the four first power feeding disks 213 and the first power feeding pin 211 Electrically connected, the four first power feeding plates 213 are arranged on the first power feeding pins 211 at intervals.
  • the first feeding pin 211 is vertically connected to one end of the first feeding arm 212.
  • the first feeding needle 211 includes a second probe part 2112 connected to the first feeding arm 212 and a first probe part 2111 connected in series with the second probe part 2112. Both the first probe part 2111 and the second probe part 2112 are cylindrical, and the diameter of the first probe part 2111 is larger than the diameter of the second probe part 2112. At least one first power feeding plate 213 is arranged around the second probe part 2112, and the first power feeding plate 213 and the second probe part 2112 are electrically and fixedly connected.
  • the first probe part 2111 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end
  • the second probe part 2112 is electrically connected to the first feeding arm 212.
  • the second probe part 2112 is connected to one end of the first feeding arm 212.
  • the first feeding arm 212 has a sheet shape, and the shape of the first feeding arm 212 is rectangular. In this embodiment, the first feeding arm 212 and the four radiators are located on the same plane, that is, the first feeding arm 212 is located on the plane where the planar array is located.
  • the first feeding arm 212 includes opposite first and second ends. The first end of the first feeding arm 212 is located between the first radiator 13 and the third radiator 15, and the second end of the first feeding arm 212 is located between the second radiator 14 and the fourth radiator Between 16.
  • the second power feeding assembly 22 includes a second power feeding pin 221, a second power feeding arm 222 and at least one second power feeding plate 223.
  • the second power feeding needle 221 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end, the second power feeding arm 222 and the second power feeding plate 223 respectively.
  • the orthographic projection of the second feeding arm 222 on the planar array is located in the second gap 12 as shown.
  • the second feeding arm 222 is used to couple and feed the four radiators.
  • the second feeding plate 223 is arranged around the second feeding pin 221 and is arranged in parallel with the second feeding arm 222.
  • the second feeder plate 223 has a sheet shape. In this embodiment, the shape of the second feeder plate 223 is circular. At least one second feeder plate 223 is arranged around the second feeder pin 221. The second feeder plate 223 and the second feeder pin 221 are electrically and fixedly connected. The axial direction of the second feeder pin 221 is A second feeder plate 223 is vertical.
  • the second power feeding tray 223 includes a plurality of second power feeding trays 223, the plurality of second power feeding trays 223 are arranged at intervals.
  • the second power feeding plate 223 includes one, a second power feeding plate 223 is arranged around the second power feeding pin 221, and a second power feeding plate 223 is electrically connected to the second power feeding pin 221 .
  • the first power feeding plate 213 and the second power feeding plate 223 can function to expand the bandwidth.
  • the second power feeding pin 221 is vertically connected to one end of the second power feeding arm 222.
  • the second feeding needle 221 includes a fourth probe portion 2212 connected to the second feeding arm 222 and a third probe portion 2211 connected in series with the fourth probe portion.
  • the third probe part 2211 and the fourth probe part 2212 are both cylindrical, and the diameter of the third probe part 2211 is larger than the diameter of the fourth probe part 2212.
  • At least one second power feeding plate 223 is looped on the fourth probe part 2212.
  • the third probe portion 2211 is electrically connected to the external radio frequency front end, and the fourth probe portion 2212 is electrically connected to the second feeding arm 222. In this embodiment, the fourth probe part 2212 is connected to one end of the second feeding arm 222.
  • the second feeding arm 222 has a sheet shape, and the shape of the second feeding arm 222 is a rectangle.
  • the second feeding arm 222 and the four radiators are located on different planes, that is, the second feeding arm 222 is located on a plane between the planar array and the ground plate 40.
  • the second feeding arm 222 includes opposite first and second ends.
  • the orthographic projection of the first end of the second feeding arm 222 on the planar array is located between the first radiator 13 and the fourth radiator 16, and the second end of the second feeding arm 222 is located on the planar array.
  • the orthographic projection is located between the second radiator 14 and the third radiator 15.
  • the substrate 30 includes a first substrate 31, a second substrate 32, and a third substrate 33 that are sequentially stacked.
  • the radiating portion 10 and the first feeding arm 212 are arranged on the same surface of the first substrate 31, the second feeding arm 222 is arranged on the surface of the first substrate 31 opposite to the first feeding arm 212, and the second feeding arm 212 is The arm is also provided on the surface of the second substrate 32 facing the first substrate 31.
  • the second probe part 2112 penetrates the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 32, the fourth probe part 2212 penetrates the second substrate 32, the first probe part 2111 penetrates the third substrate 33, and the third probe The needle part also penetrates the third substrate 33.
  • the ground sheet 40 is provided on the surface of the third substrate 33 away from the radiation portion 10. It can be understood that holes (not shown in the figure) can be opened on the first substrate 31, the second substrate 32, and the third substrate 33 to allow other components, such as the power feeding portion 20 and the metal via 50 to pass through.
  • the frequency band coverage of the antenna can be further increased.
  • the performance of the aforementioned antenna 1 can be seen from FIG. 10, FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, FIG. 11C, and FIG. 11D.
  • the antenna 1 has a relatively high gain.
  • the present invention also provides an electronic device, which includes the antenna 1 described above.
  • the electronic device is a smart terminal or an antenna base station.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线和电子设备。天线包括叠设的辐射部和接地片以及为辐射部馈电的辐射部，辐射部包括呈2*2平面阵分布的四个辐射体，辐射体彼此间隔以在平面阵中心形成互相垂直的第一间隙和第二间隙，馈电部包括第一馈电针、第一馈电臂、第二馈电针和第二馈电臂，第一馈电臂在平面阵上正投影位于第一间隙内，第二馈电臂在平面阵上的正投影位于所示第二间隙内，第二馈电臂和第一馈电臂垂直，第一馈电针垂直连接于第一馈电臂的一端部，第二馈电针垂直连接于第二馈电臂的一端部，第一馈电臂和第二馈电臂分别用于给四个辐射体耦合馈电。电子设备包括上述的天线。天线和电子设备覆盖频段较宽。

Description

天线和电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线和电子设备。
 背景技术
第五代移动通信技术将会极大地改变人们现有的生活方式,推动社会不断发展。为了适应未来5G高速率、低延时、高容量等技术特点，基站天线也将更多的采用大规模阵列天线，从而也对于天线阵子提出了更高要求，能覆盖多个频段的天线将会受到极大的推崇。而现有的天线覆盖的频段较低。
因此，有必要提供一种覆盖频段宽的天线以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种覆盖频段宽的天线和电子设备。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种天线，所述天线包括叠设的辐射部和接地片以及为所述辐射部馈电的辐射部，所述辐射部包括呈2*2平面阵分布的四个辐射体，所述辐射体彼此间隔以在所述平面阵中心形成互相垂直的第一间隙和第二间隙，所述馈电部包括第一馈电针、第一馈电臂、第二馈电针和第二馈电臂，所述第一馈电臂在所述平面阵上正投影位于所述第一间隙内，所述第二馈电臂在所述平面阵上的正投影位于所示第二间隙内，所述第二馈电臂和所述第一馈电臂垂直，所述第一馈电针垂直连接于所述第一馈电臂的一端部，所述第二馈电针垂直连接于所述第二馈电臂的一端部，所述第一馈电臂和第二馈电臂分别用于给四个所述辐射体耦合馈电。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一馈电臂位于所述平面阵所在的平面，所述第二馈电臂位于所述平面阵与所述接地片之间的一平面。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一馈电针包括与所述第一馈电臂连接的第二探针部和与所述第二探针部串接的第一探针部，所述第一探针部的直径大于所述第二探针部的直径，所述馈电部还包括至少一个第一馈电盘，所述至少一个第一馈电盘环设于所述第二探针部，且与所述第一馈电臂平行。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一馈电盘包括多个，多个所述第一馈电盘间隔设置。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一馈电盘包括四个。
作为一种改进方式，所述第二馈电针包括与所述第二馈电臂连接的第四探针部和与所述第四探针部串接的第三探针部，所述第三探针部的直径大于所述第四探针部的直径，所述馈电部还包括至少一个第二馈电盘，所述至少一个第二馈电盘环设于所述第四探针部，且与所述第二馈电臂平行。
作为一种改进方式，所述第二馈电盘包括多个，多个所述第二馈电盘间隔设置。
作为一种改进方式，所述天线还包括基板，所述辐射部和所述接地片分别设于所述基板的两相对表面，所述第一馈电针、所述第二馈电针穿设于所述基板中。
作为一种改进方式，所述天线还包括多个金属过孔，每个所述辐射体均通过至少一个金属过孔和所述接地片电性连接。
本发明还提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括上述的天线，所述电子设备为智能终端或天线基站。
 有益效果
本发明实施方式相对于现有技术而言，所述第一馈电臂在所述平面阵上正投影位于所述第一间隙内，所述第二馈电臂在所述平面阵上的正投影位于所示第二间隙内，所述第二馈电臂和所述第一馈电臂垂直，所述第一馈电针垂直连接于所述第一馈电臂的一端部，所述第二馈电针垂直连接于所述第二馈电臂的一端部，所述第一馈电臂和第二馈电臂分别用于给四个所述辐射体耦合馈电，使天线的覆盖频段变宽，且天线的结构简单，天线的体积小，符合天线的小型化需求。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的天线的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的天线的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的辐射部的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的馈电部的立体结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的第一馈电组件的立体结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的第一馈电组件的爆炸结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的辐射部、第一馈电组件和第二馈电组件的俯视结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的第二馈电组件的爆炸结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的基板的爆炸结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的天线的S曲线示意图；
图11A为本发明实施例提供的天线的水平极化在Phi=0°平面的方向图；
图11B为本发明实施例提供的天线的水平极化在Phi=90°平面的方向图；
图11C为本发明实施例提供的天线的垂直极化在Phi=0°平面的方向图；
图11D为本发明实施例提供的天线的垂直极化在Phi=90°平面的方向图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产 品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
请一并参照图1和图2，本发明提供一种天线1，天线1包括辐射部10、馈电部20、基板30、接地片40和金属过孔50。辐射部、基板30和及接地片40依次叠设，金属过孔50穿设于基板30中，馈电部20的一部分穿设于基板30中，馈电部用于给辐射部10耦合馈电，辐射部通过金属过孔50和接地片40电性连接，以使辐射部接地。
请参阅图3，辐射部10包括呈2*2平面阵分布的四个辐射体，辐射体彼此间隔以在所述平面阵中心形成互相垂直的第一间隙11和第二间隙12。四个辐射体为加以区别以更易于描述，四个辐射体分别命名为第一辐射体13、第二辐射体14、第三辐射体15和第四辐射体16。第一辐射体13、第二辐射体14、第三辐射体15和第四辐射体16设置在基板30上的同一表面上。在本实施例中，第一辐射体13、第二辐射体14、第三辐射体15和第四辐射体16设置在基板30远离接地片40的表面上。第一辐射体13和第三辐射体15之间为第一间隙11，第二辐射体14和第四辐射体16之间也为第一间隙11；第一辐射体13和第四辐射体16之间为第二间隙12，第二辐射体14和第三辐射体15之间也为第二间隙12。
接地片40用于接地。接地片40和辐射部10分别设于所述基板30的两相对表面。接地片40上可以开设孔以供馈电部穿过。
金属过孔50的结构不做限定，能电性连接辐射体和接地片40即可。例如，金属过孔50可以为空心的金属柱，可以为实心的金属柱，也可以为导线。每个辐射体至少通过一个金属过孔50和接地片40电性连接。在本实施例中，金属过孔50为实心的金属柱，每个辐射体通过一个金属过孔50和接地片40电性连接。
请参阅图4，所述馈电部20包括第一馈电组件21和第二馈电组件22，第一馈电组件21和第二馈电组件22分别给四个辐射体耦合馈电。辐射部10在所述第一馈电组件21和第二馈电组件22的耦合馈电下，形成正交的水平极化和垂直极化。
请一并参阅图5、图6和图7，第一馈电组件21包括第一馈电针211、第一馈电臂212和第一馈电盘213。第一馈电针211分别和外部的射频前端、第一馈电臂212、第一馈电盘213电性连接。第一馈电臂212在平面阵上正投影位于所述第一间隙11内。第一馈电臂212用于给四个辐射体耦合馈电。
第一馈电盘213环设于第一馈电针211，且与第一馈电臂212平行设置。第一馈电盘213为片状。在本实施例中，第一馈电盘213形状为圆形。第一馈电盘213包括至少一个。至少一个第一馈电盘213环设于第一馈电针211，第一馈电盘213和第一馈电针211电性连接且固定连接，第一馈电针211的轴向方向和每一个第一馈电盘213垂直。在第一馈电盘213包括多个时，多个所述第一馈电盘213间隔设置。在本实施例中，第一馈电盘213包括四个，四个第一馈电盘213环设于第一馈电针211上，四个第一馈电盘213和第一馈电针211电性连接，四个第一馈电盘213在第一馈电针211上间隔设置。
第一馈电针211垂直连接于所述第一馈电臂212的一端部。第一馈电针211包括与所述第一馈电臂212连接的第二探针部2112和与第二探针部2112串接的第一探针部2111。第一探针部2111和第二探针部2112都呈圆柱形，第一探针部2111的直径大于所述第二探针部2112的直径。至少一个第一馈电盘213环设于第二探针部2112上，第一馈电盘213和第二探针部2112电性连接且固定连接。第一探针部2111和外部的射频前端电性连接，第二探针部2112和第一馈电臂212电性连接。在本实施例中，第二探针部2112和第一馈电臂212的一端部连接。
第一馈电臂212呈片状，第一馈电臂212的形状为长方形。在本实施例中，第一馈电臂212和四个辐射体位于同一平面上，即第一馈电臂212位于平面阵所在的平面。第一馈电臂212包括相对的第一端和第二端。第一馈电臂212的第一端位于第一辐射体13和第三辐射体15之间，所述第一馈电臂212的第二端位于所述第二辐射体14和第四辐射体16之间。
请一并参阅图7和图8，第二馈电组件22包括第二馈电针221、第二馈电臂222和至少一个第二馈电盘223。第二馈电针221分别和外部的射频前端、第二馈电臂222电性、第二馈电盘223电性连接。第二馈电臂222在平面阵上的正投影位于所示第二间隙12内。第二馈电臂222用于给四个辐射体耦合馈电。
第二馈电盘223环设于第二馈电针221，且与第二馈电臂222平行设置。第二馈电盘223为片状。在本实施例中，第二馈电盘223形状为圆形。至少一个第二馈电盘223环设于第二馈电针221，第二馈电盘223和第二馈电针221电性连接且固定连接，第二馈电针221的轴向方向和每一个第二馈电盘223垂直。在第二馈电盘223包括多个时，多个所述第二馈电盘223间隔设置。在本实施例中，第二馈电盘223包括一个，一个第二馈电盘223环设于第二馈电针221上，一个第二馈电盘223和第二馈电针221电性连接。第一馈电盘213和第二馈电盘223能起到扩展带宽的作用。
第二馈电针221垂直连接于所述第二馈电臂222的一端部。第二馈电针221包括与第二馈电臂222连接的第四探针部2212和与所述第四探针部串接的第三探针部2211。第三探针部2211和第四探针部2212都呈圆柱形，第三探针部2211的直径大于所述第四探针部2212的直径。至少一个第二馈电盘223环设于第四探针部2212上。第三探针部2211和外部的射频前端电性连接，第四探针部2212和第二馈电臂222电性连接。在本实施例中，第四探针部2212和第二馈电臂222的一端部连接。
第二馈电臂222呈片状，第二馈电臂222的形状为长方形。在本实施例中，第二馈电臂222和四个辐射体位于不同的平面上，即第二馈电臂222位于所述平面阵与所述接地片40之间的一平面。第二馈电臂222包括相对的第一端和第二端。第二馈电臂222的第一端在平面阵上的正投影位于第一辐射体13和第四辐射体16之间，所述第二馈电臂222的第二端在在平面阵上的正投影位于所述第二辐射体14和第三辐射体15之间。
请参阅图9，基板30包括依次叠设的第一基板31、第二基板32和第三基板33。辐射部10和第一馈电臂212设置在第一基板31的同一表面上，第二馈电臂222设置在第一基板31上与第一馈电臂212相对的表面上，第二馈电臂也设置在第二基板32朝向第一基板31的表面上。第二探针部2112穿设于第一基板31和第二基板32，第四探针部2212穿设于第二基板32，第一探针部2111穿设于第三基板33，第三探针部也穿设于第三基板33。接地片40设置在第三基板33远离辐射部10的表面上。可以理解，可以在第一基板31、第二基板32和第三基板33上开设孔（图未示），以使其他元件，如馈电部20和金属过孔50穿设。
通过调整第一辐射体13、第二辐射体14、第三辐射体15、第四辐射体16、第一馈电盘213和第二馈电盘223的大小，可以进一步增加天线的频段覆盖。
上述天线1的性能可以从图10、图11A、图11B、图11C以及图11D中看出。该天线1具有较高的增益。
本发明还提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括上所述的天线1。所述电子设备为智能终端或天线基站。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于：所述天线包括叠设的辐射部和接地片以及为所述辐射部馈电的辐射部，所述辐射部包括呈2*2平面阵分布的四个辐射体，所述辐射体彼此间隔以在所述平面阵中心形成互相垂直的第一间隙和第二间隙，所述馈电部包括第一馈电针、第一馈电臂、第二馈电针和第二馈电臂，所述第一馈电臂在所述平面阵上正投影位于所述第一间隙内，所述第二馈电臂在所述平面阵上的正投影位于所示第二间隙内，所述第二馈电臂和所述第一馈电臂垂直，所述第一馈电针垂直连接于所述第一馈电臂的一端部，所述第二馈电针垂直连接于所述第二馈电臂的一端部，所述第一馈电臂和第二馈电臂分别用于给四个所述辐射体耦合馈电。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第一馈电臂位于所述平面阵所在的平面，所述第二馈电臂位于所述平面阵与所述接地片之间的一平面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第一馈电针包括与所述第一馈电臂连接的第二探针部和与所述第二探针部串接的第一探针部，所述第一探针部的直径大于所述第二探针部的直径，所述馈电部还包括至少一个第一馈电盘，所述至少一个第一馈电盘环设于所述第二探针部，且与所述第一馈电臂平行。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第一馈电盘包括多个，多个所述第一馈电盘间隔设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第一馈电盘包括四个。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第二馈电针包括与所述第二馈电臂连接的第四探针部和与所述第四探针部串接的第三探针部，所述第三探针部的直径大于所述第四探针部的直径，所述馈电部还包括至少一个第二馈电盘，所述至少一个第二馈电盘环设于所述第四探针部，且与所述第二馈电臂平行。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第二馈电盘包括多个，多个所述第二馈电盘间隔设置。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于：所述天线还包括基板，所述辐射部和所述接地片分别设于所述基板的两相对表面，所述第一馈电针、所述第二馈电针穿设于所述基板中。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于：所述天线还包括多个金属过孔，每个所述辐射体均通过至少一个金属过孔和所述接地片电性连接。
  10. 一种电子设备，其特征在于：所述电子设备包括权利要求1~9任一项所述的天线，所述电子设备为智能终端或天线基站。
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