WO2021000138A1 - 辐射体、天线和基站 - Google Patents

辐射体、天线和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000138A1
WO2021000138A1 PCT/CN2019/094038 CN2019094038W WO2021000138A1 WO 2021000138 A1 WO2021000138 A1 WO 2021000138A1 CN 2019094038 W CN2019094038 W CN 2019094038W WO 2021000138 A1 WO2021000138 A1 WO 2021000138A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
radiating
substrate
ground
branch
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/094038
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱建朋
姜华
李陆龙
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/094038 priority Critical patent/WO2021000138A1/zh
Priority to CN201921048723.3U priority patent/CN210092336U/zh
Priority to US16/993,310 priority patent/US20200411966A1/en
Publication of WO2021000138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000138A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a radiator, an antenna and a base station.
  • the fifth-generation mobile communication technology will greatly change people's existing lifestyles and promote the continuous development of society.
  • base station antennas will also use more large-scale array antennas, which also puts forward higher requirements for antenna elements, and miniaturized antenna radiators will be affected.
  • miniaturized antenna radiators will be affected.
  • Greatly respected However, if the existing antenna is to be miniaturized, its radiation effect will become worse.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to provide a radiator, antenna and base station with small volume and good radiation effect.
  • the utility model provides a radiator.
  • the radiator is applied to an antenna to radiate electromagnetic waves.
  • the radiator includes a radiating body and a radiating stub.
  • the radiating body is provided with a body hollow area, and the radiating stub is located in the body In the hollow area, the radiation branch is electrically connected to the radiation body.
  • the radiation branch and the radiation body are located on the same plane.
  • the radiating body includes a right-angled triangle portion, two extension portions extending away from the right-angled direction of the right-angled triangle portion from two right-angled sides of the right-angled triangle portion, and a connecting portion connecting the two extension portions.
  • the L-shaped connecting part, the outer contour of the radiating body is square or rectangular.
  • the radiating branch includes a branch conductive area and a branch hollow area opened on the branch conductive area, and the branch conductive area is electrically connected to the middle of the L-shaped connecting portion.
  • the branch conductive area and the branch hollow area are both right-angled triangles, and the right angle of the branch conductive area is electrically connected to the middle of the L-shaped connecting portion.
  • the utility model also provides an antenna which includes a first dipole unit and a second dipole unit with orthogonal polarization modes,
  • the first vibrator unit includes a first radiating part; the first radiating part includes a radiating substrate and a first radiator and a second radiator disposed on the surface of the radiating substrate, the first radiator and the second radiator The two radiators are spaced apart and arranged symmetrically;
  • the second vibrator unit includes a second radiating part; the second radiating part includes a radiating substrate shared with the first radiating part and a third radiator and a fourth radiator disposed on the surface of the radiating substrate, so The third radiator and the fourth radiator are spaced apart and symmetrically arranged; the line where the first radiator and the second radiator are located is perpendicular to the line where the third radiator and the fourth radiator are located;
  • the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, and the fourth radiator adopt the above-mentioned radiator.
  • the first vibrator unit further includes a first power feeding part for feeding power to the first radiating part;
  • the first feeding portion includes a first feeding substrate, a first ground provided on one surface of the first feeding substrate, and a first microstrip line provided on the other surface of the first feeding substrate ;
  • the radiating substrate and the first feeding substrate are perpendicular to and connected to each other, the first ground is electrically connected to the first radiator and the second radiator, and the first microstrip line is respectively connected to The first radiator and the second radiator are spaced apart and coupled;
  • the second vibrator unit further includes a second power feeding part for feeding the second radiation part
  • the second power feeding portion includes a second power feeding substrate, a second ground provided on one side surface of the second power feeding substrate, and a second microstrip line provided on the other side surface of the second power feeding substrate ;
  • the radiating substrate and the second feeding substrate are perpendicular to and connected to each other, the second ground is electrically connected to the third radiator and the fourth radiator, and the second microstrip line is connected to The third radiator and the fourth radiator are spaced apart and coupled.
  • the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator and the fourth radiator are located on the same surface of the radiating substrate;
  • the first radiator and the second radiator are symmetrical to each other about a first symmetry axis
  • the third radiator and the fourth radiator are symmetrical to each other about a second symmetry axis
  • the first symmetry axis Perpendicular to the second axis of symmetry
  • each radiator of the first vibrator unit has an axisymmetric structure about the second axis of symmetry
  • each radiator of the second vibrator unit is symmetrical about the first
  • the shaft is an axisymmetric structure.
  • the antenna further includes a ground plate, the ground plate includes a ground substrate and a ground sheet fixed on the surface of the ground substrate, and the ground substrate is connected to an end of the feed substrate away from the radiation substrate, Both the first ground and the second ground are electrically connected to the ground plate.
  • the present invention also provides a base station, which includes the above-mentioned antenna.
  • the embodiment of the present utility model includes a radiating body and a radiating branch, the radiating body is provided with a body hollow area, the radiating branch is located in the body hollow area, the radiating branch and The radiation body is electrically connected, and the radiation branch energy saving assists the radiation body to perform radiation.
  • the radiation effect of the first radiator is enhanced, that is, when the radiation effect is unchanged, The size of the first radiator is reduced, which meets the requirement of miniaturization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided by an embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first vibrator unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first radiation part provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a first radiator provided by an embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the first power feeding part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second vibrator unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a second radiation part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a second power feeding part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first vibrator unit and the second vibrator unit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the grounding plate provided by the embodiment of the utility model
  • 11 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the voltage standing wave ratio and the frequency of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an antenna 1 which includes a ground plate 30 and a first dipole unit 10 and a second dipole unit 20 with orthogonal polarization.
  • the ground plate 30 is connected to the first vibrator unit 10 and the second vibrator unit 20 at the same time.
  • the first vibrator unit 10 includes a first radiating part 11 and a first feeding part 12 for feeding the first radiating part 11, and the first radiating part 11 is connected to the ground plate 30 through the first feeding part 12 That is, the first power feeding portion 12 is located between the first radiation portion 11 and the ground plate 30.
  • the first radiating part 11 includes a radiating substrate 111 and a first radiator 112 and a second radiator 113 disposed on the radiating substrate 111.
  • the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 are spaced apart from each other and symmetrical to each other Set up. Both the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 are disposed on the surface of the radiating substrate 111 away from the ground plate 30.
  • the radiating substrate 111, the first radiator 112, and the second radiator 113 are all connected to the first power feeder 12.
  • the shape of the radiating substrate 111 is not limited, and can be set as required. In this embodiment, the shape of the radiation substrate 111 is a square.
  • the first radiator 112 can radiate electromagnetic waves.
  • the first radiator 112 includes a radiating body 1121 and a radiating branch 1122.
  • the radiating body 1121 is provided with a body hollow area 1123, and the radiating branch 1122 is located in the body hollow area 1123.
  • the radiation branch 1122 and the radiation body 1121 are electrically connected.
  • the radiating branch 1122 and the radiating body 1121 are located on the same plane, and the radiation effect is better.
  • the radiation branch 1122 can assist the radiation body 1121 to radiate.
  • the outer contour of the radiation body 1121 remains unchanged, the radiation effect of the first radiator 112 is enhanced, that is, the radiation effect of the first radiator 112 is reduced.
  • the size of a radiator 112 meets the requirement of miniaturization.
  • the radiating body 1121 includes a right-angled triangle portion 1124, two extension portions 1125 extending away from the right-angled direction of the right-angled triangle portion 1124 from two right-angled sides of the right-angled triangle portion 1124, and an L-shape connecting the two extension portions 1125
  • the connecting portion 1126 and the outer contour of the radiation body 1121 are square.
  • the right-angled triangle portion 1124 is close to the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the right-angled triangle portion 1124 is close to the second radiator 113. It can be understood that by adjusting the length of the extension portion 1125 and the length of the two sides of the L-shaped connecting portion 1126, the radiation body 1121 can also become a rectangle.
  • the structure of the radiation body 1121 makes the radiation effect better.
  • the radiating branch 1122 includes a branch conductive area 1127 and a branch hollow area 1128 opened on the branch conductive area 1127.
  • the branch conductive area 1127 and the radiating body 1121 are electrically connected.
  • the branch conductive area 1127 is connected to the end of the radiating body 1121 away from the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, is electrically connected to the corner of the middle of the L-shaped connecting portion 1126, thereby enhancing the radiation effect of the radiating branch 1122 .
  • Both the branch conductive area 1127 and the branch hollow area 1128 are right-angled triangles, and the right angle of the branch conductive area 1127 is electrically connected to the middle of the L-shaped connecting portion 1126.
  • the second radiator 113 and the first radiator 112 have the same structure, and will not be described in this embodiment. It should be noted that the right angle of the right-angled triangle of the second radiator 113 is close to the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the right angle of the right-angled triangle of the second radiator 113 is close to the first radiator 112.
  • the branch conductive area of the second radiator 113 is connected to the end of the radiating body of the second radiator 113 away from the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the branch conductive area of the second radiator 113 and the L-shaped connecting portion of the second radiator 113 are connected.
  • the middle corner is electrically connected.
  • the first power feeding part 12 includes a first power feeding substrate 121 and a first ground 122 and a first microstrip line 123 respectively disposed on both sides of the first power feeding substrate 121.
  • One end of the first feeding substrate 121 and the radiating substrate 111 are perpendicular and connected to each other, the other end of the first feeding substrate 121 and the ground plate 30 are perpendicular and connected to each other, and the first ground 122 is connected to the first radiator 112 and the second radiator respectively.
  • the body 113 and the ground plate 30 are electrically connected, and the first microstrip line 123 is spaced apart from and coupled to the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 respectively.
  • the first feeding substrate 121 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • a long slit 1211 is opened on the first feeding substrate 121 to be connected to the second vibrator unit 20 by snapping.
  • a first protrusion 1212 is provided on one end of the first feeding substrate 121 and the ground plate 30 connected, and the first protrusion 1212 can be inserted into the ground plate 30 to be connected to the ground plate 30.
  • the first protrusion 1212 includes two.
  • the first ground 122 can penetrate the radiating substrate 111 to be electrically connected to the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 respectively.
  • the first ground 122 includes two, and the two first grounds 122 are located on both sides of the surface where the first ground 122 is provided.
  • One first ground 122 is electrically connected to the first radiator 112 and the ground plate 30 respectively, and the other first ground 122 is electrically connected to the second radiator 113 and the ground plate 30. It can be understood that there may be only one first ground 122, and the first ground 122 may be electrically connected to the first radiator 112, the second radiator 113, and the ground plate 30 respectively.
  • the first microstrip line 123 includes a feeding port 1231 provided at an end of the first feeding substrate 121 away from the radiating substrate 111, a first strip line 1232 extending from the feeding port 1231 in a direction close to the radiating substrate 111
  • the end of 1232 away from the feeding port 1231 is along the second strip line 1233 extending parallel to the direction of the radiating substrate 111 and the end of the second strip line 1233 away from the first strip line 1232 to the third strip line 1234 extending away from the radiating substrate 111 .
  • the structure of the first microstrip line 123 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, as long as it can transmit signals.
  • the second vibrator unit 20 includes a second radiating portion 21 and a second feeding portion 22 for feeding the second radiating portion 21, and the second radiating portion 21 is connected to the ground plate 30 through the second feeding portion 22 That is, the second power feeding portion 22 is located between the second radiating portion 21 and the ground plate 30.
  • the second radiating part 21 includes a radiating substrate 111 shared with the first radiating part 11, a third radiator 211 and a fourth radiator 212 arranged on the radiating substrate 111, and the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 211
  • the radiators 212 are spaced apart and symmetrically arranged.
  • the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 are both arranged on the surface of the radiating substrate 111 away from the ground plate 30, that is, the first radiator 112, the second radiator 113, the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 are located
  • the radiation substrate 111 is on the same surface.
  • the radiating substrate 111, the third radiator 211, and the fourth radiator 212 are all connected to the second power feeder 22.
  • the third radiator 211 has the same structure as the first radiator 112, and will not be described in this embodiment. It should be noted that the right angle of the right-angled triangle portion of the third radiator 211 is close to the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the right angle of the right-angled triangle portion of the third radiator 211 is close to the fourth radiator 212.
  • the branch conductive area of the third radiator 211 is connected to the end of the radiating body of the third radiator 211 away from the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the branch conductive area of the third radiator 211 and the L-shaped connecting portion of the third radiator 211 are connected. The middle corner is electrically connected.
  • the fourth radiator 212 and the first radiator 112 have the same structure, and are not described in this embodiment. It should be noted that the right angle of the right-angled triangle portion of the fourth radiator 212 is close to the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the right-angled portion of the fourth radiator 212 is close to the third radiator 211.
  • the branch conductive area of the fourth radiator 212 is connected to the end of the radiation body of the fourth radiator 212 away from the center of the radiating substrate 111, that is, the branch conductive area of the fourth radiator 212 and the L-shaped connection part of the fourth radiator 212
  • the middle corner is electrically connected.
  • the line where the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 are located is perpendicular to the line where the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 are located.
  • the second power feeding portion 22 includes a second power feeding substrate 221 and a second ground 222 and a second microstrip line 223 respectively disposed on both sides of the second power feeding substrate 221.
  • One end of the second feeding substrate 221 and the radiating substrate 111 are perpendicular and connected to each other, the other end of the second feeding substrate 221 and the ground plate 30 are perpendicular and connected to each other, and the second ground 222 is connected to the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator, respectively.
  • the body 212 and the ground plate 30 are electrically connected, and the second microstrip line 223 is spaced apart from and coupled to the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 respectively.
  • the second feeding substrate 221 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape.
  • a short slit 2211 is opened on the second power feeding substrate 221 to be snap-connected to the long slit 1211 of the first power feeding substrate 121 of the first vibrator unit 10.
  • the long slit 1211 and the short slit 2211 are snap-connected, so that the first vibrator unit 10 and the second vibrator unit 20 form an orthogonal snap-connected structure.
  • the orthogonal engagement method in which a long slit 1211 is provided on the first power feed substrate 121 and a short slit 2211 is provided on the second power feed substrate 221 is only an example.
  • a second protrusion 2212 is provided on one end of the second feeding substrate 221 connected to the ground plate 30, and the second protrusion 2212 can be inserted into the ground plate 30 to be connected to the ground plate 30.
  • the second protrusion 2212 includes two.
  • the second ground 222 may penetrate the radiating substrate 111 to be electrically connected to the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 respectively.
  • the second ground 222 includes two, and the two second grounds 222 are located on both sides of the surface where the second ground 222 is provided.
  • One second ground 222 is electrically connected to the third radiator 211 and the ground plate 30, and the other second ground 222 is electrically connected to the fourth radiator 212 and the ground plate 30. It can be understood that there may be only one second ground 222, and the second ground 222 may be electrically connected to the third radiator 211, the fourth radiator 212, and the ground plate 30 respectively.
  • the second microstrip line 223 includes a fourth strip line 2231 extending from the end of the second feed substrate 221 away from the radiation substrate 111 to the direction close to the radiation substrate 111 and is parallel to the radiation substrate 111 from the end of the fourth strip line 2231 close to the radiation substrate 111.
  • the fifth strip line 2232 extending in the direction 111 and the sixth strip line 2233 extending from the end of the fifth strip line 2232 away from the fourth strip line 2231 to the direction away from the radiation substrate 111.
  • the fifth strip line 2232 further includes a vacant portion 2234 so that the fifth strip line 2232 and the second strip line 1233 do not intersect. It can be understood that the structure of the second microstrip line 223 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, as long as it can transmit signals.
  • the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 of the first vibrator unit 10 are symmetrical to each other about a first symmetry axis 1'
  • the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 211 of the second vibrator unit 20 The bodies 212 are mutually symmetrical about a second axis of symmetry 2', the first axis of symmetry 1'and the second axis of symmetry 2'are perpendicular, and the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 of the first vibrator unit 10 are symmetrical about the second
  • the axis 2' has an axisymmetric structure
  • the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 of the second vibrator unit 20 have an axisymmetric structure about the first symmetry axis 1'.
  • the intersection of the first axis of symmetry 1'and the second axis of symmetry 2' is the center point O.
  • the center point O corresponds to the center of the radiation substrate 111.
  • the orthographic projection of the first feeding substrate 121 of the first vibrator unit 10 on the radiating substrate 111 is pressed against the second symmetry axis 2', that is, the front of the first feeding substrate 121 on the radiating substrate 111
  • the projection pressure is located on the line where the first radiator 112 and the second radiator 113 are located, and the orthographic projection of the second feeder substrate 221 of the second vibrator unit 20 on the radiant substrate 111 is pressed against the first symmetry axis 1',
  • the orthographic projection of the second feeding substrate 221 on the radiating substrate 111 is located on a straight line where the third radiator 211 and the fourth radiator 212 are located.
  • the polarization of the first vibrator unit 10 and the second vibrator unit 20 are orthogonal.
  • the first vibrator unit 10 and the second vibrator unit 20 adopt a ⁇ 45° orthogonal polarization mode to ensure better isolation.
  • the ground plate 30 includes a ground substrate 31 and a ground plate 32.
  • the ground plate 32 is fixed on the surface of the ground substrate 31 away from the radiation substrate 111.
  • the ground strip 32 is used for grounding.
  • a connecting hole 311 is defined on the ground substrate 31, and the connecting hole 311 includes four.
  • the connection hole 311 is used for fixed connection with the first power feeding substrate 121 and the second power feeding substrate 221.
  • the first protrusion 1212 on the first feeding substrate 121 and the second protrusion 2212 on the second feeding substrate 221 can pass through the connecting hole 311 to be fixedly connected to the ground plate.
  • the connecting hole 311 is also used for the first ground 122 and the second ground 222 to pass through, and the first ground 122 and the second ground 222 are respectively connected to the ground plate.
  • a relief hole 321 is defined on the ground plate 32, and the relief hole 321 includes four. The relief hole 321 is used for the first protrusion 1212 and the second protrusion 2212 to pass through.
  • the performance of the above-mentioned antenna 1 is shown in Fig. 11. It can be seen from the figure that the antenna 1 can cover the frequency band of 4.8 to 5 GHz and has a relatively high gain.
  • the antenna 1 designed in this application achieves orthogonal dual polarization and high gain through two cross-arranged oscillator units, and the antenna 1 can achieve better radiation with a smaller volume. Effect, at the same time, the antenna 1 has a simple structure and a low profile, and it is easy to array the antenna 1 on a base station, which increases the flexibility of network coverage in the base station.
  • the present invention also provides a base station, which includes the aforementioned antenna 1.
  • the embodiments provided by the present invention are applicable to the field of wireless mobile communication base stations, and can also be applied to receiving and transmitting devices of various wireless communication systems, and are not specifically limited.

Abstract

本实用新型涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种辐射体、天线和基站。所述辐射体包括辐射本体和辐射枝节，所述辐射本体开设有本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节位于所述本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体电性连接。所述天线采用了上述的辐射体。所述基站采用了上述的天线。本实用新型的辐射体、天线和基站具有体积小且辐射效果好的优点。

Description

辐射体、天线和基站 技术领域
本实用新型涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种辐射体、天线和基站。
 背景技术
第五代移动通信技术将会极大地改变人们现有的生活方式,推动社会不断发展。为了适应未来5G高速率、低延时、高容量等技术特点，基站天线也将更多的采用大规模阵列天线，从而也对于天线阵子提出了更高要求，小型化的天线辐射体将会受到极大的推崇。而现有的天线想要实现小型化，其辐射效果就会变差。
因此，有必要提供一种体积小且辐射效果好的辐射体以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种体积小且辐射效果好的辐射体、天线和基站。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型的技术方案如下：
本实用新型提供一种辐射体，所述辐射体应用于天线上以辐射电磁波，所述辐射体包括辐射本体和辐射枝节，所述辐射本体开设有本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节位于所述本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体位于同一平面上。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射本体包括直角三角部、自所述直角三角部的两直角边向远离所述直角三角部的直角方向延伸的两个延伸部、连接两个所述延伸部的L形连接部，所述辐射本体的外轮廓呈正方形或长方形。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射枝节包括枝节导电区和开设于枝节导电区上的枝节镂空区，所述枝节导电区和所述L形连接部的中部电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述枝节导电区和所述枝节镂空区都为直角三角形，所述枝节导电区的直角处和所述L形连接部的中部电性连接。
本实用新型还提供一种天线，所述天线包括极化方式正交的第一振子单元和第二振子单元，
所述第一振子单元包括第一辐射部；所述第一辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的第一辐射体和第二辐射体，所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体相互间隔且对称设置；
所述第二振子单元包括第二辐射部；所述第二辐射部包括与所述第一辐射部共用的辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的第三辐射体和第四辐射体，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体相互间隔且对称设置；所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体所在的直线垂直于第三辐射体和第四辐射体所在的直线；
所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体、所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体采用了上述的辐射体。
作为一种改进方式，
所述第一振子单元还包括为所述第一辐射部馈电的第一馈电部；
所述第一馈电部包括第一馈电基板和设置于所述第一馈电基板一侧表面的第一地和设置于所述第一馈电基板另一侧表面的第一微带线；
所述辐射基板和所述第一馈电基板相互垂直和连接，所述第一地分别与所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体电性连接，所述第一微带线分别与所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体间隔且耦合；
所述第二振子单元还包括为所述第二辐射部馈电的第二馈电部；
所述第二馈电部包括第二馈电基板和设置于所述第二馈电基板一侧表面的第二地和设置于所述第二馈电基板另一侧表面的第二微带线；
所述辐射基板和所述第二馈电基板相互垂直和连接，所述第二地分别与所述第三辐射体、所述第四辐射体电性连接，所述第二微带线分别与所述第三辐射体、所述第四辐射体间隔且耦合。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体、所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体位于所述辐射基板的同一表面上；
所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体关于一第一对称轴相互对称，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体关于一第二对称轴相互对称，所述第一对称轴和所述第二对称轴垂直，且所述第一振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第二对称轴呈轴对称结构，所述第二振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第一对称轴呈轴对称结构。
作为一种改进方式，所述天线还包括接地板，所述接地板包括接地基板和固定于所述接地基板表面的接地片，所述接地基板和所述馈电基板远离辐射基板的一端连接，所述第一地、所述第二地都和所述接地片电性连接。
本实用新型还提供一种基站，所述基站包括上述的天线。
 有益效果
本实用新型实施方式相对于现有技术而言，所述辐射体包括辐射本体和辐射枝节，所述辐射本体开设有本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节位于所述本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体电性连接，辐射枝节能辅助辐射本体进行辐射，在辐射本体的外轮廓不变的情况下，加强了第一辐射体的辐射效果，也即在辐射效果不变的情况下，减小了第一辐射体的尺寸，符合小型化的需求。
 附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例提供的天线的立体结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型实施例提供的第一振子单元的立体结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型实施例提供的第一辐射部的立体结构示意图；
图4为本实用新型实施例提供的第一辐射体的立体结构示意图；
图5为本实用新型实施例提供的第一馈电部的爆炸结构示意图；
图6为本实用新型实施例提供的第二振子单元的立体结构示意图；
图7为本实用新型实施例提供的第二辐射部的立体结构示意图；
图8为本实用新型实施例提供的第二馈电部的爆炸结构示意图；
图9为本实用新型实施例提供的第一振子单元和第二振子单元的结构示意图；
图10为本实用新型实施例提供的接地板的爆炸结构示意图；
图11为本实用新型实施例提供的天线的电压驻波比与频率关系的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本实用新型的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本实用新型进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本实用新型，并不用于限定本实用新型。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
本实用新型的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产 品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本实用新型中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本实用新型要求的保护范围之内。
请参照图1，本实用新型提供一种天线1，该天线1包括接地板30和极化方式正交的第一振子单元10和第二振子单元20。接地板30同时和第一振子单元10连接和第二振子单元20连接。
请参阅图2，第一振子单元10包括第一辐射部11和为第一辐射部11馈电的第一馈电部12，第一辐射部11通过第一馈电部12和接地板30连接，即第一馈电部12位于第一辐射部11和接地板30之间。
请参阅图3，第一辐射部11包括辐射基板111和设置在辐射基板111上的第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113，第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113相互间隔且相互对称设置。第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113都设置在辐射基板111远离接地板30的表面上。辐射基板111、第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113都和第一馈电部12连接。
辐射基板111的形状不做限定，可根据需要进行设置。在本实施例中，辐射基板111的形状为正方形。
请参阅图4，第一辐射体112能辐射电磁波，第一辐射体112包括辐射本体1121和辐射枝节1122，辐射本体1121开设有本体镂空区1123，辐射枝节1122位于所述本体镂空区1123内，辐射枝节1122和所述辐射本体1121电性连接。优选地，辐射枝节1122和辐射本体1121位于同一平面上，辐射效果更好。辐射枝节1122能辅助辐射本体1121进行辐射，在辐射本体1121的外轮廓不变的情况下，加强了第一辐射体112的辐射效果，也即在辐射效果不变的情况下，减小了第一辐射体112的尺寸，符合小型化的需求。
辐射本体1121包括直角三角部1124、自所述直角三角部1124的两直角边向远离所述直角三角部1124的直角方向延伸的两个延伸部1125、连接两个所述延伸部1125的L形连接部1126，辐射本体1121的外轮廓呈正方形。直角三角部1124的直角处靠近辐射基板111的中心，即直角三角部1124的直角处靠近第二辐射体113。可以理解，可以通过调整延伸部1125的长度，和L形连接部1126的两个边长，使辐射本体1121也可以变为长方形。辐射本体1121的结构使辐射效果更好。
辐射枝节1122包括枝节导电区1127和开设于枝节导电区1127上的枝节镂空区1128，枝节导电区1127和辐射本体1121电性连接。在本实施例中，枝节导电区1127与辐射本体1121远离辐射基板111的中心的一端连接，即和所述L形连接部1126的中部的转角处电性连接，加强了辐射枝节1122的辐射效果。枝节导电区1127和所述枝节镂空区1128都为直角三角形，所述枝节导电区1127的直角处和所述L形连接部1126的中部电性连接。
第二辐射体113与第一辐射体112的结构一致，本实施例不再进行描述。需要说明的是，第二辐射体113的直角三角部的直角处靠近辐射基板111的中心，即第二辐射体113的直角三角部的直角处靠近第一辐射体112。第二辐射体113的枝节导电区与第二辐射体113的辐射本体远离辐射基板111的中心的一端连接，即第二辐射体113的枝节导电区和第二辐射体113的L形连接部的中部的转角处电性连接。
请参阅图5，第一馈电部12包括第一馈电基板121和分别设置在第一馈电基板121两侧的第一地122和第一微带线123。第一馈电基板121的一端和辐射基板111相互垂直和连接，第一馈电基板121的另一端和接地板30相互垂直和连接，第一地122分别与第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113、接地板30电性连接，第一微带线123分别与第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113间隔且耦合。
第一馈电基板121大致呈长方体形。第一馈电基板121上开设长缝1211以和第二振子单元20卡合连接。第一馈电基板121和接地板30连接的一端上设置第一凸起1212，第一凸起1212可插入接地板30以和接地板30连接。第一凸起1212包括两个。
第一地122可以穿透辐射基板111以分别和第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113电性连接。本实施例中，第一地122包括两个，两个第一地122位于设置第一地122表面的两侧。一个第一地122分别和第一辐射体112、接地板30电性连接，另一个第一地122和第二辐射体113、接地板30电性连接。可以理解，第一地122可以只有一个，第一地122分别和第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113、接地板30电性连接即可。
第一微带线123包括设于第一馈电基板121远离辐射基板111一端的馈电端口1231、自馈电端口1231向靠近辐射基板111方向延伸的第一带线1232、自第一带线1232远离馈电端口1231的一端沿平行于辐射基板111方向延伸的第二带线1233和自第二带线1233远离第一带线1232的一端向远离辐射基板111方向延伸的第三带线1234。可以理解，第一微带线123的结构不限于上述结构，能传输信号即可。
请参阅图6，第二振子单元20包括第二辐射部21和为第二辐射部21馈电的第二馈电部22，第二辐射部21通过第二馈电部22和接地板30连接，即第二馈电部22位于第二辐射部21和接地板30之间。
请参阅图7，第二辐射部21包括与第一辐射部11共用的辐射基板111和设置在辐射基板111上的第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212，第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212相互间隔且对称设置。第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212都设置在辐射基板111远离接地板30的表面上，即第一辐射体112、第二辐射体113、第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212位于所述辐射基板111的同一表面上。辐射基板111、第三辐射体211、第四辐射体212都和第二馈电部22连接。
第三辐射体211与第一辐射体112的结构一致，本实施例不再进行描述。需要说明的是，第三辐射体211的直角三角部的直角处靠近辐射基板111的中心，即第三辐射体211的直角三角部的直角处靠近第四辐射体212。第三辐射体211的枝节导电区与第三辐射体211的辐射本体远离辐射基板111的中心的一端连接，即第三辐射体211的枝节导电区和第三辐射体211的L形连接部的中部的转角处电性连接。
第四辐射体212与第一辐射体112的结构一致，本实施例不再进行描述。需要说明的是，第四辐射体212的直角三角部的直角处靠近辐射基板111的中心，即第四辐射体212的直角三角部的直角处靠近第三辐射体211。第四辐射体212的枝节导电区与第四辐射体212的辐射本体远离辐射基板111的中心的一端连接，即第四辐射体212的枝节导电区和第四辐射体212的L形连接部的中部的转角处电性连接。所述第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113所在的直线垂直于第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212所在的直线。
请参阅图8，第二馈电部22包括第二馈电基板221和分别设置在第二馈电基板221两侧的第二地222和第二微带线223。第二馈电基板221的一端和辐射基板111相互垂直和连接，第二馈电基板221的另一端和接地板30相互垂直和连接，第二地222分别与第三辐射体211、第四辐射体212、接地板30电性连接，第二微带线223分别与第三辐射体211、第四辐射体212间隔且耦合。
第二馈电基板221大致呈长方体形。第二馈电基板221上开设短缝2211以和第一振子单元10的第一馈电基板121的长缝1211卡合连接。长缝1211与短缝2211卡合连接，使得第一振子单元10和第二振子单元20形成正交的卡合连接结构。需要说明的是，通过在第一馈电基板121上设置长缝1211在第二馈电基板221上设置短缝2211的正交卡合的方式，仅是示例说明，具体还可根据第一馈电基板121和第二馈电基板221的结构特性设置其他形式的卡合方式，此处不做具体限制。第二馈电基板221和接地板30连接的一端上设置第二凸起2212，第二凸起2212可插入接地板30以和接地板30连接。第二凸起2212包括两个。
第二地222可以穿透辐射基板111以分别和第三辐射体211、第四辐射体212电性连接。本实施例中，第二地222包括两个，两个第二地222位于设置第二地222表面的两侧。一个第二地222分别和第三辐射体211、接地板30电性连接，另一个第二地222和第四辐射体212、接地板30电性连接。可以理解，第二地222可以只有一个，第二地222分别和第三辐射体211、第四辐射体212、接地板30电性连接即可。
第二微带线223包括自第二馈电基板221远离辐射基板111一端向靠近辐射基板111方向延伸的第四带线2231、自第四带线2231靠近辐射基板111的一端沿平行于辐射基板111方向延伸的第五带线2232和自第五带线2232远离第四带线2231的一端向远离辐射基板111方向延伸的第六带线2233。本实施例中，第五带线2232还包括让位部2234，以使第五带线2232和第二带线1233不相交。可以理解，第二微带线223的结构不限于上述结构，能传输信号即可。
请参阅图9，其中，第一振子单元10的第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113关于一第一对称轴1’相互对称，第二振子单元20的第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212关于一第二对称轴2’相互对称，第一对称轴1’和第二对称轴2’垂直，且第一振子单元10的第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113关于第二对称轴2’呈轴对称结构，第二振子单元20的第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212关于第一对称轴1’呈轴对称结构。第一对称轴1’和第二对称轴2’的交点为中心点O。中心点O对应辐射基板111的中心。
具体实施中，第一振子单元10的第一馈电基板121在辐射基板111上的正投影压合于第二对称轴2’，即第一馈电基板121在所述辐射基板111上的正投影压位于所述第一辐射体112和第二辐射体113所在的直线，第二振子单元20的第二馈电基板221在辐射基板111上的正投影压合于第一对称轴1’，第二馈电基板221在所述辐射基板111上的正投影位于所述第三辐射体211和第四辐射体212所在的直线。第一振子单元10和第二振子单元20极化正交。例如，第一振子单元10和第二振子单元20采用±45°正交极化方式，以保证较优的隔离度。
请参阅图10，接地板30包括接地基板31和接地片32，接地片32固定在接地基板31远离辐射基板111的表面。接地片32用于接地。
接地基板31上开设连接孔311，连接孔311包括四个。连接孔311用于和第一馈电基板121、第二馈电基板221固定连接。第一馈电基板121上的第一凸起1212、第二馈电基板221上的第二凸起2212可穿过连接孔311以和接地极版固定连接。连接孔311还用于供第一地122和第二地222穿过，第一地122、第二地222分别都和接地片连接。
接地片32上开设让位孔321，让位孔321包括四个。让位孔321用于供第一凸起1212和第二凸起2212穿过。
上述天线1的性能如图11所示，从图中可看出，该天线1可覆盖4.8~5GHz频段，且具有较高的增益。
需要说明的是，以上仅为举例说明，并不对本申请的技术方案构成限定。
相对于现有技术而言，本申请设计的一种天线1，通过两个交叉设置的振子单元，实现了正交双极化和高增益，天线1能以较小的体积实现更优的辐射效果，同时该天线1结构简单，剖面低，易于在基站上阵列设置该天线1，增加了基站中网络覆盖的灵活性。
本发明还提供一种基站，该基站包括上述的天线1。
本发明提供的实施例适用于无线移动通信基站领域，还可应用于各类无线通信系统的接收和发射设备中，具体不做限定。
以上所述的仅是本实用新型的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种辐射体，所述辐射体应用于天线上以辐射电磁波，其特征在于：所述辐射体包括辐射本体和辐射枝节，所述辐射本体开设有本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节位于所述本体镂空区，所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射体，其特征在于：所述辐射枝节和所述辐射本体位于同一平面上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的辐射体，其特征在于：所述辐射本体包括直角三角部、自所述直角三角部的两直角边向远离所述直角三角部的直角方向延伸的两个延伸部、连接两个所述延伸部的L形连接部，所述辐射本体的外轮廓呈正方形或长方形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的辐射体，其特征在于：所述辐射枝节包括枝节导电区和开设于枝节导电区上的枝节镂空区，所述枝节导电区和所述L形连接部的中部电性连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的辐射体，其特征在于：所述枝节导电区和所述枝节镂空区都为直角三角形，所述枝节导电区的直角处和所述L形连接部的中部电性连接。
  6. 一种天线，其特征在于：所述天线包括极化方式正交的第一振子单元和第二振子单元，
    所述第一振子单元包括第一辐射部；所述第一辐射部包括辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的第一辐射体和第二辐射体，所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体相互间隔且对称设置；
    所述第二振子单元包括第二辐射部；所述第二辐射部包括与所述第一辐射部共用的辐射基板和设置于所述辐射基板表面的第三辐射体和第四辐射体，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体相互间隔且对称设置；所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体所在的直线垂直于第三辐射体和第四辐射体所在的直线；
    所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体、所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体采用了如权利要求1~5任一项所述的辐射体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的天线，其特征在于：
    所述第一振子单元还包括为所述第一辐射部馈电的第一馈电部；
    所述第一馈电部包括第一馈电基板和设置于所述第一馈电基板一侧表面的第一地和设置于所述第一馈电基板另一侧表面的第一微带线；
    所述辐射基板和所述第一馈电基板相互垂直和连接，所述第一地分别与所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体电性连接，所述第一微带线分别与所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体间隔且耦合；
    所述第二振子单元还包括为所述第二辐射部馈电的第二馈电部；
    所述第二馈电部包括第二馈电基板和设置于所述第二馈电基板一侧表面的第二地和设置于所述第二馈电基板另一侧表面的第二微带线；
    所述辐射基板和所述第二馈电基板相互垂直和连接，所述第二地分别与所述第三辐射体、所述第四辐射体电性连接，所述第二微带线分别与所述第三辐射体、所述第四辐射体间隔且耦合。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的天线，其特征在于：所述第一辐射体、所述第二辐射体、所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体位于所述辐射基板的同一表面上；
    所述第一辐射体和所述第二辐射体关于一第一对称轴相互对称，所述第三辐射体和所述第四辐射体关于一第二对称轴相互对称，所述第一对称轴和所述第二对称轴垂直，且所述第一振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第二对称轴呈轴对称结构，所述第二振子单元的每个辐射体关于所述第一对称轴呈轴对称结构。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的天线，其特征在于：所述天线还包括接地板，所述接地板包括接地基板和固定于所述接地基板表面的接地片，所述接地基板和所述馈电基板远离辐射基板的一端连接，所述第一地、所述第二地都和所述接地片电性连接。
  10. 一种基站，其特征在于：所述基站包括如权利要求6~9任一项所述的天线。
PCT/CN2019/094038 2019-06-30 2019-06-30 辐射体、天线和基站 WO2021000138A1 (zh)

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CN110011027A (zh) * 2018-12-28 2019-07-12 瑞声科技(新加坡)有限公司 一种天线、天线阵列和基站
CN112186333B (zh) * 2020-09-29 2021-06-25 华南理工大学 基站天线、辐射单元及辐射臂

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