WO2021000073A1 - 天线振子、天线阵列和基站 - Google Patents

天线振子、天线阵列和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000073A1
WO2021000073A1 PCT/CN2019/093952 CN2019093952W WO2021000073A1 WO 2021000073 A1 WO2021000073 A1 WO 2021000073A1 CN 2019093952 W CN2019093952 W CN 2019093952W WO 2021000073 A1 WO2021000073 A1 WO 2021000073A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
feeding
slot
connection line
electrically connected
radiating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/093952
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘见传
岳月华
Original Assignee
瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司 filed Critical 瑞声声学科技(深圳)有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/093952 priority Critical patent/WO2021000073A1/zh
Priority to CN201910606479.6A priority patent/CN110518333A/zh
Priority to US16/994,659 priority patent/US20200411967A1/en
Publication of WO2021000073A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000073A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/526—Electromagnetic shields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/106—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, in particular to an antenna element, an antenna array and a base station.
  • the fifth-generation mobile communication technology will greatly change people’s existing lifestyles and promote the continuous development of society.
  • base station antennas will also be more large-scale Array antennas also put forward higher requirements for antenna elements.
  • the existing antenna elements have poor directivity, so that the reception or transmission of signals is relatively poor.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an antenna element, antenna array and base station with good directivity.
  • the present invention provides an antenna element.
  • the antenna element includes a conductive cover, a radiating part, and a feeding part.
  • the conductive cover is provided with a accommodating groove, and the radiating part and the feeding part are respectively arranged in the accommodating part.
  • the power feeding part is used for feeding power to the radiating part, and the power feeding part and the radiating part are arranged at intervals.
  • the power feeding part is located between the radiation part and the bottom of the accommodating groove, and the power feeding part and the bottom of the accommodating groove are spaced apart to form an air cavity.
  • the power feeding part is electrically connected to the conductive cover, and the power feeding part couples and feeds power to the radiation part.
  • the power feeding portion includes a power feeding substrate and a first feeding wire, a second feeding wire and a first grounding plate arranged on the same surface of the feeding substrate, and the first grounding plate is provided with The first feeding slot and the second feeding slot are perpendicular to each other.
  • the first feeding line is electrically connected to the first grounding plates at both ends of the first feeding slot, and the second feeding line is connected to the The first grounding plates at both ends of the second power feeding slot are electrically connected, and the first grounding plate and the conductive cover are electrically connected.
  • the first feeder line includes a first connection line, a second connection line, and a third connection line.
  • the first connection line is used to obtain external signals, and the first end of the second connection line is connected to the The first connection line is electrically connected, the second end of the second connection line is electrically connected to the first ground plate at one end of the first feeding slot, and the first end of the third connection line is electrically connected to the first connection The second end of the third connection line is electrically connected to the first ground plate at the other end of the first feeding slot;
  • the second feeder line includes a fourth connection line, a fifth connection line, and a sixth connection line.
  • the fourth connection line is used to obtain external signals.
  • the first end of the fifth connection line is electrically connected to the fourth connection line.
  • the second end of the fifth connection line is electrically connected to the first ground plate at one end of the second feeding slot
  • the first end of the sixth connection line is electrically connected to the fourth connection line
  • the second end of the sixth connecting wire is electrically connected to the first ground plate at the other end of the second feeding slot.
  • the first ground plate is further provided with two spaced-apart third feeding slots and two spaced-apart fourth feeding slots, and the two third feeding slots are connected to the The first feeding slot is vertical, the first feeding slot is located between the two third feeding slots, the first feeding slot is connected to the two third feeding slots, and the two The fourth feeding slot is perpendicular to the second feeding slot, the second feeding slot is located between the two fourth feeding slots, the second feeding slot and the two fourth feeding slots The feed gap is connected.
  • the power feeding portion further includes a second grounding plate disposed on the surface of the power feeding substrate opposite to the first grounding plate, and the second grounding plate is provided with the first grounding plate.
  • a fifth feeding slot corresponding to the feeding slot, and a sixth feeding slot corresponding to the second feeding slot is opened on the second grounding plate; the first grounding plate and the second grounding plate are electrically connected , The first ground sheet is electrically connected to the conductive cover.
  • the radiating part includes a radiating sheet
  • the feeding part is arranged between the radiating sheet and the bottom of the accommodating groove, and the projection of the radiating sheet on the first grounding sheet covers The first power feeding slot and the second power feeding slot.
  • the radiating part includes a radiating substrate and a radiating sheet arranged on the surface of the radiating substrate away from the feeding part, and the radiating sheet is circular, square, octagonal or four-pointed star.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna array, which comprises 1 ⁇ 3 antenna elements according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
  • the present invention also provides a base station, which includes the above-mentioned antenna array.
  • the antenna element of the embodiment of the present invention includes a conductive cover with an opening accommodating groove, a radiating part arranged in the accommodating groove, and a radiating part arranged in the accommodating groove for radiating the radiation.
  • the power feeding part of the partial power feeding, the power feeding part and the radiating part are arranged at intervals, and the conductive cover makes the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiating part good in directivity, and the antenna element and other elements are well isolated.
  • the antenna element of the present invention can be made into standard parts or modules, such as forming the antenna array of the present invention, which facilitates rapid formation of antenna base stations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna element provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an antenna element provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a conductive cover provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a power feeding part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B is a schematic sectional view of the structure along A-A in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first ground plate, a first feeder line, and a second feeder line provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at A in Fig. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure at B in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a second ground plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of a radiation part provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is the isolation degree of the antenna element in the manner provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an antenna element 1, which can realize dual polarization.
  • the antenna element 1 includes a conductive cover 10, a radiating part 20, and a power feeding part 30.
  • the conductive cover 10 is provided with a containing slot 11, and the radiating part 20 and the feeding part 30 are respectively arranged in the containing slot 11, and the power feeding part 30 It is used to feed power to the radiating part 20, and the power feeding part 30 and the radiating part 20 are arranged at intervals.
  • the radiating part 20 and the power feeding part 30 are respectively fixedly connected to the conductive cover 10, and the power feeding part 30 is closer to the bottom of the containing groove 11 than the radiating part 20.
  • the power feeding part 30 feeds the radiating part 20, the radiating part 20 radiates electromagnetic waves, the conductive cover 10 makes the electromagnetic waves radiated by the radiating part 20 have good directivity, and the antenna element 1 and other elements are well isolated.
  • the conductive cover 10 includes a bottom plate 12 and four side plates 13 extending upward from the bottom plate 12.
  • the bottom plate 12 and the four side plates 13 are surrounded by a containing groove 11 with an opening (not labeled).
  • the bottom plate 12 is the bottom of the containing groove 11, and the side plate 13 is the side wall of the containing groove 11.
  • the shape of the conductive cover 10 is a cube shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In this embodiment, the shape of the conductive cover 10 is a cube.
  • the material of the conductive cover 10 is a conductive material, preferably a conductive metal or alloy.
  • the material of the conductive cover 10 includes but is not limited to copper, aluminum, and silver.
  • the conductive cover 10 can be manufactured by a stamping process, a die casting process or a plastic electroplating process.
  • the power feeding unit 30 includes a power feeding substrate 31, a first power feeding line 32, a second power feeding line 33, and a first ground plate 34 arranged on the same surface of the power feeding substrate 31, and a first grounding plate 34 arranged on the power feeding substrate 31.
  • the second ground plate 35 on the opposite surface of the plate 34.
  • the first ground sheet 34 is provided on the surface of the feeding substrate 31 close to the radiation portion 20, and the second ground sheet 35 is provided on the surface of the feeding substrate 31 close to the bottom plate 12.
  • An air gap is included between the second ground plate 35 and the bottom of the containing groove 11 to form an air cavity 40.
  • the first feed line 32 and the second feed line 33 are respectively electrically connected to the first ground plate 34, and the first ground plate 34 and the second ground plate 35 couple and feed the radiation part 20.
  • the shape of the feeding substrate 31 is consistent with the shape of the bottom plate 12 of the conductive cover 10.
  • the feeding substrate 31 and the side plate 13 of the conductive cover 10 are fixedly connected, and the feeding substrate 31 and the bottom plate 12 of the conductive cover 10 are spaced apart, so that the second ground plate 35 and the bottom plate 12 are spaced apart.
  • the first ground plate 34 and the conductive cover 10 are electrically connected.
  • the first ground plate 34 is provided with a relief slit 341, which is used to make way for the first feeder 32 and the second feeder 33 so that the first feeder 32 and the second feeder 33 can be set On the feeding board 31.
  • the shape of the relief seam 341 is not limited, and the shape of the relief seam 341 can be set according to the shape of the first feeder 32 and the second feeder 33.
  • the first ground plate 34 is also provided with a first feeding slot 342 and a second feeding slot 343 perpendicular to each other.
  • the first power feeding slot 342 and the second power feeding slot 343 intersect.
  • the first feed line 32 is electrically connected to the first ground strip 34 at both ends of the first feed slot 342, and the second feed line 33 is electrically connected to the first ground strip 34 at both ends of the second feed slot 343, respectively. connection.
  • the first feeding slot 342 and the second feeding slot 343 are opened on the first grounding plate 34, so the first feeding line 32 is connected to the first grounding plate near the two ends of the first feeding slot 342 That is, the second feed line 33 may be connected to the first ground strips 34 near the two ends of the second feed slot 343.
  • the length and width of the first power feeding slot 342 and the second power feeding slot 343 can be set as required, and are not limited in this embodiment.
  • the first feeding slot 342 and the second feeding slot 343 feed the radiation part 20. Since the first feeding slot 342 and the second feeding slot 343 are perpendicular, the antenna element 1 of the present invention is a dual-polarized antenna element. .
  • the first ground plate 34 is also provided with two spaced third feeding slots 344 and two spaced fourth feeding slots 345.
  • the two third feeding slots 344 are perpendicular to the first feeding slots 342, respectively.
  • the first feeding slot 342 is located between the two third feeding slots 344, the two fourth feeding slots 345 are perpendicular to the second feeding slot 343, and the second feeding slot 343 is located between the two fourth feeding slots. Between 345.
  • the first power feeding slot 342, the second power feeding slot 343, the third power feeding slot 344, and the fourth power feeding slot 345 on the first ground plate 34 feed power to the radiation part 20.
  • the third feeding slot 344 and the fourth feeding slot 345 can reduce the size of the antenna element 1 when the radiation effect of the antenna element 1 is the same.
  • the gap 341, the first feeding slot 342, and the third feeding slot 344 are communicated.
  • the relief slot 341, the second power feeding slot 343, and the fourth power feeding slot 345 are in communication.
  • the first feed line 32 includes a microstrip line or a strip line.
  • the first feed line 32 may be a coplanar waveguide (CPWG) wire.
  • the first feeder line 32 includes a first connection line 321, a second connection line 322, and a third connection line 323.
  • the first connection line 321 is used for electrical connection with the outside to obtain external signals. Terminal is electrically connected to the first connection line 321, the second end of the second connection line 322 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34 at one end of the first feeding slot 342, and the first end of the third connection line 323 is electrically connected to the A connecting wire 321 is electrically connected, and the second end of the third connecting wire 323 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34 at the other end of the first feeding slot 342.
  • the second connecting wire 322 includes two sections.
  • the connection of the first section of the second connecting wire 322 and the second section of the second connecting wire 322 bypasses part of the first ground plate 34, and the second section of the second connecting wire
  • the line 322 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34 at one end of the first feeding slot 342.
  • the second connecting wire 322 bypasses part of the first ground plate 34, the second connecting wire 322 can pass through the feeding substrate 31.
  • the second connecting line 322 includes two sections to reduce the reflection of the blocking signal.
  • the third connection line 323 includes two sections.
  • connection of the first section of the third connection line 323 and the second section of the third connection line 323 bypasses the second feeder line 33, and the second section of the third connection line 323 and the first feeder
  • the first ground plate 34 at the other end of the gap 342 is electrically connected.
  • the second feed line 33 includes a microstrip line or a strip line. The phases of the signals acquired by the second feeder line 33 and the first feeder line 32 are equal.
  • the second feed line 33 may be a coplanar waveguide (CPWG) line.
  • the second feeder line 33 includes a fourth connection line 331, a fifth connection line 332, and a sixth connection line 333.
  • the fourth connection line 331 is used for electrical connection with the outside to obtain external signals.
  • Terminal is electrically connected to the fourth connecting line 331, the second end of the fifth connecting line 332 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34 at one end of the second feeding slot 343, and the first end of the sixth connecting line 333 is electrically connected to the
  • the four connecting wires 331 are electrically connected, and the second end of the sixth connecting wire 333 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34 at the other end of the second feeding slot 343.
  • the shapes of the fourth connection line 331, the fifth connection line 332, and the sixth connection line 333 on the feeding substrate 31 are not limited, and the connection relationship with the second feeding slot 343 can be realized.
  • the second ground plate 35 is provided with a fifth feed slot 351 corresponding to the first feed slot 342, and the second ground plate 35 is also provided with a sixth feed slot corresponding to the second feed slot 343. Electrical gap 352; the second ground plate 35 is also provided with two seventh feed gaps 353 corresponding to the two third feed gaps 344, and the second ground plate 35 is also provided with two fourth feed gaps Two eighth feeding slots 354 corresponding to 345.
  • the fifth power feeding slot 351, the sixth power feeding slot 352, the seventh power feeding slot 353, and the eighth power feeding slot 354 can also feed the radiation part 20.
  • the second ground plate 35 is electrically connected to the first ground plate 34, and the first ground plate 34 is electrically connected to the conductive cover 10, so that the second ground plate 35 and the conductive cover 10 are electrically connected.
  • the electrical connection between the first ground plate 34 and the conductive cover 10 can be achieved while fixing the radiating part 20 by metal screws.
  • the radiating portion 20 includes a bracket 21 and a radiating sheet 22 disposed on the surface of the bracket 21 away from the feeding portion 30.
  • the feeding portion 30 is closer to the bottom of the accommodating groove 11 than the radiating sheet 22 of the radiating portion 20 Floor 12.
  • the bracket 21 is used to support the radiating sheet 22, fix the radiating sheet 22 on the metal cover, and make the radiating sheet 22 and the first grounding sheet 34 of the power feeding part 30 spaced apart, that is, the bracket 21 makes the radiating sheet 22 and the power feeding part 30 There is a gap between the first grounding plates 34, and the gap is air.
  • the bracket 21 and the side plate 13 are fixedly connected. The manner in which the bracket 21 and the side plate 13 are fixedly connected is not limited.
  • the shape of the radiation sheet 22 is not limited.
  • the radiation sheet 22 includes, but is not limited to, a circle, a square, an octagon, and a four-pointed star.
  • the projection of the radiating plate 22 on the first ground plate 34 covers the first power feeding slot 342, the second power feeding slot 343, the third power feeding slot 344, and the fourth power feeding slot 345, so that the power feeding effect is better. it is good.
  • the performance of the above-mentioned antenna element 1 is shown in FIG. 10, and it can be seen from the figure that the antenna element 1 can cover the 3.4-3.8 GHz frequency band and has a relatively high gain.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna array 2, and the antenna array 2 includes at least one antenna element 1 described above.
  • the antenna array 2 includes 1 ⁇ 2 or 1 ⁇ 3 antenna elements 1.
  • the antenna array 2 further includes an isolation band 3.
  • the antenna element 1 is connected to the adjacent antenna element 1 through an isolation band 3.
  • the first grounding plates 34 of the feeding parts 30 of the two adjacent antenna elements 1 are electrically connected to the isolation band 3, that is, the first grounding plate 34 of one antenna element 1 is connected to the adjacent antenna element 1 through the isolation band 3
  • the first ground strip 34 is electrically connected.
  • the present invention also provides a base station, which includes the above-mentioned antenna array.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线振子、天线阵列和基站。所述天线振子包括导电罩、辐射部和馈电部，所述导电罩上开设容置槽，所述辐射部和所述馈电部分别设置在所述容置槽内，所述馈电部用于给所述辐射部馈电，所述馈电部和所述辐射部间隔设置。天线阵列包括至少一个上述的天线振子。基站包括上述的天线阵列。本发明的天线振子、天线阵列和基站具有辐射的电磁波方向性好，且天线振子和其他元件的隔离度好的优点。

Description

天线振子、天线阵列和基站 技术领域
本发明涉及通讯技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线振子、天线阵列和基站。
 背景技术
第五代移动通信技术将会极大地改变人们现有的生活方式，推动社会不断发展，为了适应未来5G高速率、低延时、高容量等技术特点，基站天线也将更多的采用大规模阵列天线、从而也对于天线阵子提出了更高要求。现有的天线振子方向性不好，以至于接收或发送信号相对较差。
因此，有必要提供一种方向性好的天线振子以解决上述问题。
 技术问题
本发明的目的在于提供一种方向性好的天线振子、天线阵列和基站。
 技术解决方案
本发明的技术方案如下：
本发明提供一种天线振子，所述天线振子包括导电罩、辐射部和馈电部，所述导电罩上开设容置槽，所述辐射部和所述馈电部分别设置在所述容置槽内，所述馈电部用于给所述辐射部馈电，所述馈电部和所述辐射部间隔设置。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电部位于所述辐射部和所述容置槽的底部之间，所述馈电部和所述容置槽的底部间隔设置以形成空气腔体，所述馈电部和所述导电罩电性连接，所述馈电部给所述辐射部耦合馈电。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电部包括馈电基板和设置在所述馈电基板同一表面上的第一馈电线、第二馈电线和第一接地片，所述第一接地片上开设有相互垂直的第一馈电缝隙和第二馈电缝隙，所述第一馈电线分别与所述第一馈电缝隙的两端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第二馈电线分别与所述第二馈电缝隙的两端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第一接地片和导电罩电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，第一馈电线包括第一连接线、第二连接线和第三连接线，所述第一连接线用于获取外部的信号，所述第二连接线的第一端和第一连接线电性连接，所述第二连接线的第二端和第一馈电缝隙的其中一端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第三连接线的第一端和第一连接线电性连接，所述第三连接线的第二端和第一馈电缝隙的另一端的第一接地片电性连接；
第二馈电线包括第四连接线、第五连接线和第六连接线，所述第四连接线用于获取外部的信号，所述第五连接线的第一端和第四连接线电性连接，所述第五连接线的第二端和第二馈电缝隙的其中一端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第六连接线的第一端和第四连接线电性连接，所述第六连接线的第二端和第二馈电缝隙的另一端的第一接地片电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述第一接地片还开设有两个间隔设置的第三馈电缝隙和两个间隔设置的第四馈电缝隙，两个所述第三馈电缝隙分别与所述第一馈电缝隙垂直，所述第一馈电缝隙位于所述两个第三馈电缝隙之间，所述第一馈电缝隙和两个所述第三馈电缝隙连通，两个所述第四馈电缝隙分别与所述第二馈电缝隙垂直，所述第二馈电缝隙位于所述两个第四馈电缝隙之间，所述第二馈电缝隙和两个所述第四馈电缝隙连通。
作为一种改进方式，所述馈电部还包括设置在所述馈电基板上与所述第一接地片相对表面上的第二接地片，所述第二接地片上开设有与所述第一馈电缝隙对应的第五馈电缝隙，所述第二接地片上还开设有与所述第二馈电缝隙对应的第六馈电缝隙；所述第一接地片和第二接地片电性连接，所述第一接地片与导电罩电性连接。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射部包括辐射片，所述馈电部设置在所述辐射片和所述容置槽的底部之间，所述辐射片在所述第一接地片上的投影覆盖所述第一馈电缝隙和所述第二馈电缝隙。
作为一种改进方式，所述辐射部包括辐射基板和设置在辐射基板远离所述馈电部表面的辐射片，所述辐射片为圆形、正方形、八边形或四角星形。
本发明还提供一种天线阵列，所述天线阵列包括1×3个如上述权利要求1~8任一项所述的天线振子。
本发明还提供一种基站，所述基站包括上述的天线阵列。
 有益效果
本发明实施方式相对于现有技术而言，天线振子包括带有开口的容置槽的导电罩、设置在容置槽内的辐射部、设置在所述容置槽内用于给所述辐射部馈电的馈电部，馈电部和所述辐射部间隔设置，导电罩使辐射部辐射的电磁波方向性好，且天线振子和其他元件的隔离度好。本发明的天线振子可以做成标准件或者模块，如形成本发明的天线阵列，便于快速形成天线基站。
 附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的天线振子的立体结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的天线振子的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的导电罩的立体结构示意图；
图4A为本发明实施例提供的馈电部的爆炸结构示意图；
图4B为图1中沿A-A的剖视结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的第一接地片、第一馈电线和第二馈电线的结构示意图；
图6为图4中A处的放大结构示意图；
图7为图4中B处的放大结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例提供的第二接地片的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的辐射部的爆炸结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的方式中天线振子的隔离度；
图11为本发明实施例提供的天线阵列的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产 品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要说明的是，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
请一并参照图1和图2，本发明提供一种天线振子1，天线振子1能实现双极化。天线振子1包括导电罩10、辐射部20和馈电部30，导电罩10上开设容置槽11，辐射部20和所述馈电部30分别设置在容置槽11内，馈电部30用于给辐射部20馈电，馈电部30和辐射部20间隔设置。辐射部20、馈电部30分别都和导电罩10固定连接，馈电部30比辐射部20更靠近容置槽11的底部。馈电部30给辐射部20馈电，辐射部20辐射电磁波，导电罩10使辐射部20辐射的电磁波方向性好，且天线振子1和其他元件的隔离度好。
请参阅图3，导电罩10包括底板12和从底板12向上延伸的四个侧板13。底板12和四个侧板13围设成带有开口（未标号）的容置槽11。底板12为容置槽11的底部，侧板13为容置槽11的侧壁。导电罩10的形状为正方体形或长方体形。在本实施例中，导电罩10的形状为正方体形。导电罩10的材料为导电的材料，优选为导电金属或合金。导电罩10的材料包括但不限于铜、铝、银。导电罩10可以通过冲压工艺、压铸工艺或塑料电镀工艺制作。
请一并参阅图4A图4B，馈电部30和容置槽11的底部间隔设置以形成空气腔体40，馈电部30给辐射部20耦合馈电效果更好。辐射部20和所述导电罩10电性连接，馈电部30给辐射部20耦合馈电。馈电部30包括馈电基板31、设置在馈电基板31同一表面上设置的第一馈电线32、第二馈电线33和第一接地片34、设置在馈电基板31上与第一接地片34相对表面的第二接地片35。第一接地片34设置在馈电基板31上靠近辐射部20的表面，第二接地片35设置在馈电基板31上靠近底板12的表面。第二接地片35和容置槽11的底部之间包括空气间隙以形成空气腔体40。第一馈电线32、第二馈电线33分别和第一接地片34电性连接，第一接地片34和第二接地片35给辐射部20耦合馈电。
馈电基板31的形状和导电罩10的底板12的形状一致。馈电基板31和导电罩10的侧板13固定连接，馈电基板31和导电罩10的底板12间隔设置，使第二接地片35和底板12间隔设置。
请一并参阅图5、图6和图7，第一接地片34和导电罩10电性连接。第一接地片34上开设有让位缝341，让位缝341用于给第一馈电线32和第二馈电线33让位，使第一馈电线32和第二馈电线33让位能设置在馈电基板31上。让位缝341的形状不做限定，让位缝341的形状可根据第一馈电线32和第二馈电线33的形状设置。
第一接地片34上还开设有相互垂直的第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343。第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343相交。第一馈电线32分别与第一馈电缝隙342的两端的第一接地片34电性连接，第二馈电线33分别与所述第二馈电缝隙343的两端的第一接地片34电性连接。第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343是开设在第一接地片34上的，故第一馈电线32与第一馈电缝隙342的两个端部的附近的第一接地片连接即可，第二馈电线33与第二馈电缝隙343两个端部附近的第一接地片34连接即可。第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343的长度和宽度可根据需要进行设置，本实施例中不做限定。第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343给辐射部20馈电，由于第一馈电缝隙342和第二馈电缝隙343垂直，故本发明的天线振子1为双极化的天线振子。
第一接地片34还开设有两个间隔设置的第三馈电缝隙344和两个间隔设置的第四馈电缝隙345，两个第三馈电缝隙344分别与第一馈电缝隙342垂直，第一馈电缝隙342位于两个第三馈电缝隙344之间，两个第四馈电缝隙345分别与第二馈电缝隙343垂直，第二馈电缝隙343位于两个第四馈电缝隙345之间。第一接地片34上的第一馈电缝隙342、第二馈电缝隙343、第三馈电缝隙344和第四馈电缝隙345给辐射部20馈电。第三馈电缝隙344和第四馈电缝隙345可以使天线振子1辐射效果相同时，减小天线振子1的尺寸。本实施例中，让位缝341、第一馈电缝隙342和第三馈电缝隙344连通。让位缝341、第二馈电缝隙343和第四馈电缝隙345连通。
第一馈电线32包括微带线或带状线。第一馈电线32可以为共面波导（CPWG）线。第一馈电线32包括第一连接线321、第二连接线322和第三连接线323，第一连接线321用于和外部电性连接以获取外部的信号，第二连接线322的第一端和第一连接线321电性连接，第二连接线322的第二端和第一馈电缝隙342的一端的第一接地片34电性连接，第三连接线323的第一端和第一连接线321电性连接，第三连接线323的第二端和第一馈电缝隙342的另一端的第一接地片34电性连接。第一连接线321、第二连接线322和第三连接线323在馈电基板31上的形状不做限定，能实现和第一馈电缝隙342的连接关系即可。在本实施例中，第二连接线322包括两段，第一段第二连接线322和第二段第二连接线322的连接处绕过部分第一接地片34，第二段第二连接线322和第一馈电缝隙342的一端的第一接地片34电性连接。第二连接线322绕过部分第一接地片34时，第二连接线322可从馈电基板31穿过。第二连接线322包括两段使阻信号反射减小。第三连接线323包括两段，第一段第三连接线323和第二段第三连接线323的连接处绕过第二馈电线33，第二段第三连接线323和第一馈电缝隙342的另一端的第一接地片34电性连接。第三连接线323绕过第二馈电线33时，第三连接线323可从馈电基板31穿过。
第二馈电线33包括微带线或带状线。第二馈电线33和第一馈电线32获取的信号相位相等。第二馈电线33可以为共面波导（CPWG）线。第二馈电线33包括第四连接线331、第五连接线332和第六连接线333，第四连接线331用于和外部电性连接以获取外部的信号，第五连接线332的第一端和第四连接线331电性连接，第五连接线332的第二端和第二馈电缝隙343的一端的第一接地片34电性连接，第六连接线333的第一端和第四连接线331电性连接，第六连接线333的第二端和第二馈电缝隙343的另一端的第一接地片34电性连接。第四连接线331、第五连接线332和第六连接线333在馈电基板31上的形状不做限定，能实现和第二馈电缝隙343的连接关系即可。
请查阅图8，第二接地片35上开设有与第一馈电缝隙342对应的第五馈电缝隙351，第二接地片35上还开设有与第二馈电缝隙343对应的第六馈电缝隙352；第二接地片35上还开设有与两个第三馈电缝隙344对应的两个第七馈电缝隙353，第二接地片35上还开设有与两个第四馈电缝隙345对应的两个第八馈电缝隙354。第五馈电缝隙351、第六馈电缝隙352、第七馈电缝隙353和第八馈电缝隙354也能给辐射部20馈电。第二接地片35和第一接地片34电性连接，第一接地片34与导电罩10电性连接，实现第二接地片35与导电罩10电性连接。可以通过金属螺钉，在固定辐射部20的同时，实现第一接地片34与导电罩10的电性连接。
请参阅图9，辐射部20包括支架21和设置在支架21远离所述馈电部30表面的辐射片22，馈电部30比辐射部20的辐射片22更靠近容置槽11的底部的底板12。
支架21用于支撑辐射片22，把辐射片22固定在金属罩上，且使辐射片22和馈电部30的第一接地片34间隔设置，即支架21使辐射片22和馈电部30的第一接地片34之间有间隙，间隙之内为空气。支架21和侧板13固定连接。支架21和侧板13固定连接的方式不做限定。
辐射片22的形状不做限定。辐射片22包括但不限于圆形、正方形、八边形和四角星形。优选地，辐射片22在所述第一接地片34上的投影覆盖第一馈电缝隙342、第二馈电缝隙343第三馈电缝隙344和第四馈电缝隙345，使馈电效果更好。
上述天线振子1的性能如图10所示，从图中可看出，该天线振子1可覆盖3.4~3.8GHz频段，且具有较高的增益。
请参阅图11，本发明还提供一种天线阵列2，天线阵列2包括至少一个上述的天线振子1。在一实施例中，天线阵列2包括1×2个或1×3个天线振子1。在本实施例中，在天线阵列2包括至少两个天线振子1时，天线阵列2还包括隔离带3。天线振子1通过隔离带3和相邻的天线振子1连接。相邻的两个天线振子1的馈电部30的第一接地片34分别和隔离带3电性连接，即一个天线振子1的第一接地片34通过隔离带3和相邻的天线振子1的第一接地片34电性连接。
本发明还提供一种基站，基站包括上述的天线阵列。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施方式，在此应当指出，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明创造构思的前提下，还可以做出改进，但这些均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种天线振子，其特征在于：所述天线振子包括导电罩、辐射部和馈电部，所述导电罩上开设容置槽，所述辐射部和所述馈电部分别设置在所述容置槽内，所述馈电部用于给所述辐射部馈电，所述馈电部和所述辐射部间隔设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述馈电部位于所述辐射部和所述容置槽的底部之间，所述馈电部和所述容置槽的底部间隔设置以形成空气腔体，所述馈电部和所述导电罩电性连接，所述馈电部给所述辐射部耦合馈电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述馈电部包括馈电基板和设置在所述馈电基板同一表面上的第一馈电线、第二馈电线和第一接地片，所述第一接地片上开设有相互垂直的第一馈电缝隙和第二馈电缝隙，所述第一馈电线分别与所述第一馈电缝隙的两端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第二馈电线分别与所述第二馈电缝隙的两端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第一接地片和导电罩电性连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的天线振子，其特征在于：第一馈电线包括第一连接线、第二连接线和第三连接线，所述第一连接线用于获取外部的信号，所述第二连接线的第一端和第一连接线电性连接，所述第二连接线的第二端和第一馈电缝隙的其中一端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第三连接线的第一端和第一连接线电性连接，所述第三连接线的第二端和第一馈电缝隙的另一端的第一接地片电性连接。
    第二馈电线包括第四连接线、第五连接线和第六连接线，所述第四连接线用于获取外部的信号，所述第五连接线的第一端和第四连接线电性连接，所述第五连接线的第二端和第二馈电缝隙的其中一端的第一接地片电性连接，所述第六连接线的第一端和第四连接线电性连接，所述第六连接线的第二端和第二馈电缝隙的另一端的第一接地片电性连接。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述第一接地片还开设有两个间隔设置的第三馈电缝隙和两个间隔设置的第四馈电缝隙，两个所述第三馈电缝隙分别与所述第一馈电缝隙垂直，所述第一馈电缝隙位于所述两个第三馈电缝隙之间，所述第一馈电缝隙和两个所述第三馈电缝隙连通，两个所述第四馈电缝隙分别与所述第二馈电缝隙垂直，所述第二馈电缝隙位于所述两个第四馈电缝隙之间，所述第二馈电缝隙和两个所述第四馈电缝隙连通。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述馈电部还包括设置在所述馈电基板上与所述第一接地片相对表面上的第二接地片，所述第二接地片上开设有与所述第一馈电缝隙对应的第五馈电缝隙，所述第二接地片上还开设有与所述第二馈电缝隙对应的第六馈电缝隙；所述第一接地片和第二接地片电性连接，所述第一接地片与导电罩电性连接。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述辐射部包括辐射片，所述馈电部设置在所述辐射片和所述容置槽的底部之间，所述辐射片在所述第一接地片上的投影覆盖所述第一馈电缝隙和所述第二馈电缝隙。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的天线振子，其特征在于：所述辐射部包括辐射基板和设置在辐射基板远离所述馈电部表面的辐射片，所述辐射片为圆形、正方形、八边形或四角星形。
  9. 一种天线阵列，其特征在于：所述天线阵列包括1×3个如上述权利要求1~8任一项所述的天线振子。
  10. 一种基站，其特征在于：所述基站包括如权利要求9所述的天线阵列。
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