WO2020261559A1 - Système et procédé de production d'énergie - Google Patents

Système et procédé de production d'énergie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020261559A1
WO2020261559A1 PCT/JP2019/025925 JP2019025925W WO2020261559A1 WO 2020261559 A1 WO2020261559 A1 WO 2020261559A1 JP 2019025925 W JP2019025925 W JP 2019025925W WO 2020261559 A1 WO2020261559 A1 WO 2020261559A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
power generation
supply line
liquid
generation system
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PCT/JP2019/025925
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
雄介 小西
謙 角谷
安達　修
篤志 神谷
Original Assignee
日揮グローバル株式会社
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Priority to PCT/JP2019/025925 priority Critical patent/WO2020261559A1/fr
Priority to JP2021527296A priority patent/JP7375014B2/ja
Publication of WO2020261559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020261559A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
    • F02C6/16—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads for storing compressed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0251—Intermittent or alternating process, so-called batch process, e.g. "peak-shaving"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/62—Liquefied natural gas [LNG]; Natural gas liquids [NGL]; Liquefied petroleum gas [LPG]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/30—Compression of the feed stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/90—Hot gas waste turbine of an indirect heated gas for power generation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power generation system and a power generation method using stored liquid air.
  • a storage battery for the purpose of securing the adjustment allowance for the amount of power generation. That is, when the amount of power generated by renewable energy becomes surplus, a storage battery for storing the surplus power is provided, and when the demand for power increases and the amount of power generated by thermal power generation or the like cannot be covered, the storage battery is provided. It is conceivable to respond by discharging from.
  • many of them including NaS (sodium-sulfur) batteries, have various problems such as safety concerns, practical concerns, location restrictions, high cost, and short life. Is a concern.
  • LAES Liquid Air Energy Storage
  • Patent Document 1 describes this LAES system, and shows that when necessary, liquid air is released from a storage tank in the system to drive a turbine to discharge.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique relating to a power generation system capable of reliably supplying electric power in response to an electric power demand.
  • the power generation system of the present invention includes a liquid air generator that compresses and cools air to generate liquid air.
  • the storage unit that stores the liquid air and A vaporization unit that vaporizes the liquid air supplied from the storage unit to generate compressed air,
  • An expander that expands the compressed air supplied from the vaporization unit,
  • a first generator driven by the expansion of air in the expander,
  • the first in a power plant including a gas turbine generator which is a second generator and a first air supply line for supplying air to the gas turbine generator by expanding and cooling the air in the expander.
  • a second air supply line connecting the first air supply line and the expander in order to lower the temperature of the air supplied to the air supply line of the gas turbine generator and taken in by the gas turbine generator.
  • the compressed air obtained by vaporizing the stored liquid air is expanded to generate electricity by the first generator, and the air cooled by the power generation is used by the second generator.
  • the gas turbine generator By supplying the gas turbine generator, the amount of power generated by the gas turbine generator is increased. Therefore, a large amount of power generation can be obtained from the power generation system of the present invention, and the amount of power generation can be changed significantly, so that power supply can be performed with high certainty in response to a change in power demand.
  • FIG. Figure 1 shows an overview of the system configuration, the flow of natural gas (NG: Natural Gas) generated from liquefied natural gas (LNG: Liquefied Natural Gas), and the flow of air (including liquid air) used for power generation.
  • NG Natural Gas
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • air including liquid air
  • normal temperature air is 20 ° C to 30 ° C air
  • ultra-low temperature air is -160 ° C to -100 ° C air
  • low temperature air is -100 ° C to 5 ° C air
  • cold air is assumed that the air is at 5 ° C to 25 ° C.
  • the power generation system 1 includes a thermal power plant 2 having an LNG receiving terminal and performing a GTCC (gas turbine combined cycle). Therefore, the thermal power plant 2 includes an LNG vaporizer 21 and a power generation facility that generates power using the natural gas generated by the LNG vaporizer 21, and the gas turbine generator 3 is provided as the power generation facility. included. Further, the power generation system 1 includes a LAES plant facility 4, a cold heat recovery facility 5, and a power generation facility 6 using room temperature air. In the present specification, LAES is assumed to be a system including components for generating liquid air, storing liquid air, and taking out liquid air stored from a storage facility for power generation, and obtains electric power from the liquid air. It is shown separately from the cold heat recovery facility 5 composed of the power generation facility 6 and the heat exchanger provided for the purpose.
  • the LAES plant facility 4 is configured as a liquid air storage battery, and includes an air rectification facility 41 and a liquid air storage facility 42 composed of a tank, a pump, and the like.
  • the air rectification facility 41 is a facility that takes in the outside air of the LAES plant facility 4 as room temperature air for producing liquid air, rectifies the taken-in air and pressurizes it to make compressed air, and supplies it to the above-mentioned LNG vaporizer 21. is there.
  • the cold heat recovery facility 5 recovers the cold heat of the air flowing through the power generation system 1 and heats and cools the air (including liquid air) at various places in the system.
  • the compressed air supplied to the LNG vaporizer 21 as described above is cooled by heat exchange with the LNG in the LNG vaporizer 21 to become cryogenic air, and then further cooled by the cold heat recovery facility 5. It becomes liquid air, is supplied to the storage facility 42, and is stored.
  • the power generation facility 6 is provided with an expander (expansion turbine) including a turbine, and the compressed air generated by vaporizing liquid air is adiabatically expanded to rotate the turbine to form a turbine. Electricity is obtained by driving a connected generator. Further, the power generation facility 6 is configured such that the cryogenic air generated from the compressed air by this power generation is transported (supplied) to the thermal power plant 2 as described later.
  • the flow of air (including liquid air) from the storage facility 42 will be described in order.
  • the liquid air in the storage facility 42 is heated by the cold heat recovery facility 5 and supplied to the power generation facility 6 in a state of being compressed air at room temperature.
  • ultra-low temperature air is generated from the compressed air at room temperature.
  • This cryogenic air mixes with the outside air (normal temperature air) of the thermal power plant 2 and lowers the temperature of the normal temperature air.
  • the cold air is cooled by the cold heat recovery facility 5 and becomes cold air in the gas turbine. It is supplied to the generator 3.
  • the power generation system 1 power is generated using room temperature air generated from liquid air, and the temperature of the air taken into the gas turbine generator 3 is lowered by the ultra-low temperature air generated by this power generation.
  • the density of air supplied to the gas turbine generator 3 is increased, the mass of air per unit volume is increased, the combustibility of natural gas as a fuel is enhanced, and the output of the gas turbine generator 3 is increased. Is raised, and the amount of power generation is greatly increased.
  • FIG. 2 shows a more detailed configuration of the power generation system 1.
  • the thermal power plant 2, 31, 32, 33, and 34 in the figure are air compressors, combustors, turbines, and generators that each constitute a gas turbine generator 3 (second generator), and generate power.
  • the machine 34 is driven by the rotation of the turbine 33.
  • 35 is a line for supplying natural gas, which is a fuel for the gas turbine generator 3, from the LNG vaporizer 21 to the combustor 32.
  • Reference numeral 36 denotes a duct (first air supply line) provided in the thermal power plant 2, and a heat exchanger 37 (first heat exchanger) is interposed.
  • the downstream side of the duct 36 is connected to the gas turbine generator 3, and the room temperature air, which is the outside air of the thermal power plant 2 taken in from the upstream side, is taken into the air compressor 31.
  • the thermal power plant 2 performs GTCC, but the display of the equipment for performing steam power generation is omitted.
  • the single-point chain line arrow extending from the heat exchanger 37 indicates a discharge path for moisture in the air that condenses and liquefies around the heat exchanger 37 by supplying ultra-low temperature air to the duct 36. ..
  • the LAES plant facility 4 includes an air rectification facility 41 and a liquid air storage facility (including a pumping facility) 42 as described above.
  • the storage facility 42 includes a tank 40 and a refrigeration pump 43.
  • the air rectification facility 41 includes a compressor for boosting the air pressure to obtain compressed air.
  • the rectification performed by the air rectification facility 41 specifically includes, for example, removal of CO 2 (carbon dioxide) and water.
  • the above-mentioned renewable energy can be used for the operation of each device such as the compressor in the LAES plant facility 4.
  • the compressed air supplied to the LNG vaporizer 21 is cooled by heat exchange with the LNG as described above to become cryogenic air.
  • the heat exchange between LNG and air in the LNG vaporizer 21 is performed, for example, via an intermediate heat medium. That is, heat exchange is performed between LNG and the intermediate heat medium, and heat exchange is performed between the intermediate heat medium and air.
  • the cryogenic air generated in the LNG vaporizer 21 is cooled by the heat exchanger 51 (fourth heat exchanger) to become liquid air, which is supplied to the tank 40 (storage unit) of the LAES plant equipment 4 for storage. Will be done.
  • the air line from the air rectification facility 41 to the tank 40 via the LNG vaporizer 21 and the heat exchanger 51 is shown as 44.
  • the air flowing through the air supply line 44 and the air supply line 45 described later is liquid air depending on the circulation location. That is, it is assumed that the air flowing through the air supply line includes liquid air.
  • the liquid air stored in the tank 40 is sucked into the refrigeration pump 43, pressurized, and pumped to the subsequent stage.
  • the liquid air is warmed by the influence of the outside air of the power generation system 1 and vaporized to become cryogenic air, which is supplied to the heat exchanger 51.
  • the cryogenic air is heated by the heat exchanger 51 and its temperature rises.
  • the cryogenic air whose temperature has risen is supplied to the heat exchanger 55 (second heat exchanger) and further heated.
  • An air supply line 45 is provided which connects the tank 40 and the power generation facility 6 and is provided with a refrigeration pump 43 and heat exchangers 51 and 52.
  • the power generation facility 6 includes an expander and a generator (first generator), respectively, and is shown in FIG. 2 as 61 and 62, respectively.
  • the above air supply line 45 is connected to the inflator 61.
  • the expander 61 is connected to the upstream end of the cryogenic air supply line (second air supply line) 63.
  • the downstream end of the cryogenic air supply line 63 is connected to the duct 36 described above.
  • the compressed air at room temperature supplied to the expander 61 is lowered and stepped down to drive the generator 62 and generate ultra-low temperature air.
  • the extremely low temperature air generated by the expander 61 is, for example, large.
  • the heat exchanger 51 is interposed in the air supply lines 44 and 45 as described above, and in the heat exchanger 51, the extremely low temperature air cooled by the LNG vaporizer 21 and heading for the tank 40 and the refrigeration pump. Heat exchange is performed with the extremely low temperature air supplied from 43 to the subsequent stage. Further, a circulation in which the heat medium is moved by the pump 53 between the heat exchanger 37 at the end of the duct 36 through which the normal temperature air is guided and the heat exchanger 52 at the air (including liquid air) supply line 45. A line 54 (first fluid circulation line) is provided.
  • the cold heat recovery facility 5 described with reference to FIG. 1 is composed of the heat exchangers 51, 52, and 37 described above.
  • An antifreeze solution such as ethylene glycol is used as the heat medium (fluid for heat exchange) of each heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger 52 has an appropriate configuration in order to prevent the flow from being stopped due to freezing of the heat medium.
  • a known heat exchanger called a shell and tube type can be used.
  • the air rectification facility 41, the LNG vaporizer 21, and the heat exchanger 51 of the LAES plant facility 4 form a liquid air generating section, and the heat exchangers 51 and 52 form a vaporizing section. Therefore, the heat exchanger 51 is shared by the liquid air generating section and the vaporizing section.
  • the duck curve is a graph in which the horizontal axis is the time of day and the vertical axis is the power demand in a specific area, and the transition of the power demand is shown in a duck-shaped curve. Is.
  • the problem of this duck curve is that the amount of solar power generation peaks in the daytime, while the demand for electricity is in a time zone (dawn and evening) that deviates significantly from this daytime time zone. It reaches its peak. For example, it has peaks from 6:00 to 8:00 at dawn and from 18:00 to 21:00 in the evening. Due to this, there is a concern about power shortage during these times.
  • the power generation system 1 can be operated so as to solve the problem of the duck curve.
  • an operation example of the power generation system 1 after noon will be described.
  • the power generation system 1 is in a state where liquid air power generation (power generation by the power generation facility 6) and ultra-low temperature air are not supplied to the gas turbine generator 3.
  • the time zone approaches the evening, the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation drops sharply due to the decrease in the amount of sunshine, while the demand for power peaks as described above, so it is necessary to secure a large amount of power generation.
  • the temperature of the outside air of the thermal power plant 2 is relatively high.
  • the output of the gas turbine generator 3 is affected by the temperature of the intake air. Therefore, when only this outside air is used, the output of the gas turbine generator 3 cannot be sufficiently improved. There is a fear.
  • liquid air power generation is started, and at the same time, ultra-low temperature air is supplied to the duct 36 connected to the gas turbine generator 3, and the amount of power generated from the thermal power plant 2 increases. To do.
  • the amount of power generated from the power generation system 1 in this way, power is supplied so as to correspond to the peak of power demand in the evening, and the supply and demand of power is balanced.
  • the liquid air power generation and the supply of cryogenic air will be stopped in response to the decrease in the demand for electric power.
  • the power generation system 1 can be operated to accommodate the peak of dawn when people's behavior becomes active.
  • liquid air power generation and cryogenic air supply are performed so as to avoid daytime when the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation is large, but liquid air power generation and cryogenic air supply during the daytime are prohibited. It's not something. While the liquid air power generation is performed at an arbitrary timing according to the demand in this way, the generation of the liquid air by the LAES plant equipment 4 and the supply of the generated liquid air to the tank 40 are, for example, the time when the liquid air power generation is not performed. Do it with a belt.
  • the amount of power generation in the thermal power plant 2 in addition to performing liquid air power generation, the amount of power generation in the thermal power plant 2 can be increased.
  • the amount of power generated by the thermal power plant 2 that has decreased due to the temperature of the outside air is restored, and the amount of power generated is high so that the influence of the temperature of the outside air can be suppressed. Will be obtained. Since the amount of power generated by the thermal power plant 2 can be increased at the same time as the liquid air power generation is performed in this way, the power generation system 1 can obtain a high amount of power generation at an arbitrary timing and the amount of power generation is relatively rapid. Can be raised and lowered.
  • the power generation system 1 power generation can be performed so as to respond with high certainty to changes in the amount of power demand.
  • the power generation system 1 is located in an area where there is a need for power storage due to a surplus of power generated using renewable energy, the air temperature is high, and GTCC power generation cannot produce the rated output. It is effective to provide.
  • the power generation system 1 includes the LAES plant equipment 4, but it is generally considered that the plant equipment has a relatively long service life of 40 years. That is, since the power generation system 1 is expected to be able to be operated for a relatively long time after construction, it is advantageous as compared with the case of using a storage battery having a short life such as a NaS battery. Further, since the power generation system 1 uses air, there is an advantage that it is a clean system that does not need to use chemical substances that affect the environment.
  • the compressed air for generating the liquid air is cooled by heat exchange with the LNG in the LNG vaporizer 21, so that the power required for generating the liquid air can be reduced. It is advantageous.
  • a heat exchanger that cools the compressed air using liquid nitrogen as a heat medium may be provided in the power generation system 1 to generate liquid air.
  • the heat exchanger 37 is provided in the duct 36 in which the ultra-low temperature air and the normal temperature air are mixed, so that the temperature of the air supplied to the gas turbine generator 3 becomes lower. Therefore, the amount of power generated at the thermal power plant 2 can be set to a higher value.
  • the power generation system 1 has a configuration in which a heat medium is distributed between the heat exchanger 37 and the heat exchanger 52. That is, the heat transfer when cooling the air in the duct 36 and the heat transfer when vaporizing the liquid air are mutually used. Therefore, the energy required for cooling the air in the duct 36 and vaporizing the liquid air is exchanged, so that the operating cost and power of the power generation system 1 can be reduced.
  • the power generation system 1 heat exchange is performed between liquid air and air in the heat exchanger 51. Therefore, the heat transfer for vaporizing the liquid air and the heat transfer for generating the liquid air from the air are mutually utilized. As a result, in the power generation system 1, the energy required for the generation of liquid air and the vaporization of liquid air is exchanged, so that the operating cost and power of the system can be reduced.
  • the configuration of the air and liquid air lines is not limited to the above-described example.
  • the liquid air supplied from the refrigeration pump 43 is supplied to the heat exchanger 52 without passing through the heat exchanger 51. It may be.
  • the cryogenic air from the LNG vaporizer 21 to the tank 40 may be liquefied air using a heat exchanger that uses liquid nitrogen or the like as a heat medium.
  • the heat exchangers 51 and 52 are supplied with the ultra-low temperature air vaporized from the liquid air, the liquid air before vaporization is supplied and the heat exchanger 51 or the heat exchanger 52 liquids. The air may be vaporized.
  • the power generation system 7 of the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3, focusing on the differences from the power generation system 1 of the first embodiment.
  • the power generation system 7 is not provided with the heat exchanger 37 and the pump 53 for the heat medium.
  • an exhaust flow having a relatively high temperature is supplied to the heat exchanger 52 from the thermal power plant 2, and the extremely low temperature air is heated by heat exchange between the exhaust flow and the extremely low temperature air. It becomes normal temperature air and is supplied to the expander 61.
  • the duct 36 may be configured so that the heat exchanger 37 is not provided.
  • the outside air is defined as room temperature air taken in from the upstream side of the duct 36 and flowing through the duct 36.
  • the extremely low temperature air discharged from the expander 61 can be sufficiently mixed with the outside air to sufficiently lower the temperature of the air supplied to the gas turbine generator 3.
  • a mixing portion is provided in order to mix the cryogenic air flowing in the duct 36 with high certainty.
  • the mixing portion is composed of, for example, an annular body 71.
  • the arrow of the chain line extending from the annular body 71 in FIG. 3 indicates a water discharge path like the arrow extending from the heat exchanger 37 of FIG. 1, and is generated by cooling the air around the annular body 71. Remove the water.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are a longitudinal side view and a cross-sectional plan view of the annular body 71, respectively.
  • a through hole 72 is formed in the central portion of the annular body 71 when viewed in the direction of the flow path of the duct 36, and the through hole 72 forms a flow path for the outside air.
  • a plurality of discharge ports 73 are provided on the front surface of the annular body 71 toward the downstream side of the duct 36 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the annular body 71. That is, the discharge ports 73 are opened at different positions in the circumferential direction.
  • the downstream side of the cryogenic air supply line 63 is branched and connected to the annular body 71 so that the cryogenic air can be supplied to each discharge port 73.
  • cryogenic air is discharged toward the downstream side of the duct 36 and toward the central portion of the plan view annular body 71.
  • the mixing portion for reliably mixing the above-mentioned cryogenic air flowing in the duct 36 is not limited to the above configuration, and as shown in FIG. 6, the nozzle 81 is inside the duct 36 as the mixing portion. May be provided.
  • the nozzle 81 is, for example, a porous nozzle, that is, a nozzle having a large number of discharge ports.
  • the upstream side of the nozzle 81 is connected to the cryogenic air supply line 63. Then, the nozzle 81 sprays the ultra-low temperature air supplied from the supply line 63 toward the downstream side of the flow path in the duct 36 so as to radiate from the nozzle 81 along the flow path direction.
  • the ultra-low temperature air is highly mixed with the outside air, that is, the ultra-low temperature air is configured to be uniformly dispersed with respect to the outside air.
  • the cryogenic air is ejected from the discharge port of the nozzle 81 and the discharge port 73 of the annular body 71, respectively, due to the pressure of the nozzle 81 and the annular body 71.
  • the moisture generated by cooling the air around the annular body 71 can be removed by a plurality of corrugated plates 74 provided in the duct 36 as shown in FIG. 6, and water droplets hit the corrugated plate 74. It is possible to remove water efficiently. That is, although FIG. 6 shows an example in which a corrugated plate 74 is provided as a moisture removing portion on the downstream side of the nozzle 81 in the duct 36, the annular body is also provided in the duct 36 provided with the annular body 71 in FIG. A corrugated plate 74 is provided on the downstream side of the 71, and water droplets accompanying the air hit the corrugated plate 74 and fall to be discharged from the inside of the duct 36 to the outside of the duct 36. The reason for removing the water droplets in this way is to prevent the impeller of the air compressor built in the gas turbine generator 3 from being worn by being hit by a large amount of water droplets.
  • the power generation system 82 of the third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 7, focusing on the differences from the power generation system 1.
  • a heat exchanger 83 (third heat exchanger) is interposed in the cryogenic air supply line 63.
  • a heat medium circulation line 84 (second fluid circulation line) is provided, which is partly in common with the heat medium circulation line 54 and in which heat exchangers 37 and 83 are interposed.
  • the portion of the circulation line 54 on the downstream side of the pump 53 that sends the heat medium from the heat exchanger 37 to the heat exchanger 52 branches.
  • a heat exchanger 83 is interposed in this branched line, and the end of the branched line is a portion of the circulation line 54 where the heat medium flows from the heat exchanger 52 to the heat exchanger 37. It is connected.
  • This branched line constitutes the circulation line 84.
  • the heat exchanger 83 warms the cryogenic air to, for example, cold air before it is supplied to the duct 36.
  • the temperature of the extremely low temperature air is too low, so that the outside air flowing through the duct 36 (taken in from the upstream of the duct 36) at the connection portion of the duct 36 with the supply line 63 of the extremely low temperature air. This is to prevent the (normal temperature air) from freezing and preventing the extremely low temperature air from being sufficiently mixed with the outside air.
  • FIG. 8 shows a modified example of the power generation system 1 described above.
  • a valve 85 is interposed between the heat exchanger 51 and the refrigeration pump 43 in the air supply line 45, and one end of the liquid air recirculation line 86 is connected between the valve 85 and the refrigeration pump 43. ing.
  • the other end of the reflux line 86 is connected to the liquid air tank 40 via a valve 87.
  • the refrigerating pump 43 always operates to supply liquid air from the tank 40 toward the rear stage side of the supply line 63.
  • valve 85 When liquid air power generation is not performed, the valve 85 is slightly opened and the valve 87 is opened, the liquid air is returned to the tank 40, and the delivery system (heat exchangers 51 and 52, and thus the heat exchangers 51 and 52) is sent as a cold insulation circulation. It is sent to the inflator 61).
  • the valve 85 When performing liquid air power generation, the valve 85 is opened and the valve 87 is closed, and the liquid air is not sent to the tank 40 but is supplied to the heat exchanger 51 and the expander 61. Therefore, the valves 85 and 87 form a switching unit that switches the main supply destination of the liquid air between the heat exchanger 51 and the tank 40.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

Le problème décrit par la présente invention est de pourvoir à une technologie se rapportant à un système de production d'énergie pouvant apporter définitivement l'énergie correspondant à une demande d'énergie. La solution selon l'invention concerne un système de production d'énergie conçu pour comprendre : une unité de production d'air liquide destinée à produire de l'air liquide au moyen d'une compression et d'un refroidissement de l'air ; une unité de stockage destinée à stocker l'air liquide ; une unité de vaporisation destinée à produire de l'air comprimé au moyen de la vaporisation de l'air liquide alimenté par l'unité de stockage ; un détendeur destiné à détendre l'air comprimé alimenté par l'unité de vaporisation ; un premier générateur d'énergie destiné à effectuer un entraînement en conséquence de l'expansion de l'air au moyen du détendeur ; et une seconde conduite d'alimentation en air destinée à relier le détendeur à une première conduite d'alimentation en air, afin de diminuer la température de l'air aspiré par un générateur d'énergie à turbine à gaz, par l'intermédiaire de l'alimentation en air refroidi, ayant été détendu par le détendeur, vers la première conduite d'alimentation en air, ledit air étant alimenté à une centrale électrique dotée du générateur d'énergie à turbine à gaz, c'est-à-dire un second générateur d'énergie, et de la première conduite d'alimentation en air, destinée à alimenter en air le générateur d'énergie à turbine à gaz.
PCT/JP2019/025925 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Système et procédé de production d'énergie WO2020261559A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2019/025925 WO2020261559A1 (fr) 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 Système et procédé de production d'énergie
JP2021527296A JP7375014B2 (ja) 2019-06-28 2019-06-28 発電システム及び発電方法

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04127850A (ja) * 1990-09-19 1992-04-28 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 液体空気貯蔵発電システム
JPH08312374A (ja) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ガスタービンの吸気冷却装置
JPH10238366A (ja) * 1996-12-24 1998-09-08 Hitachi Ltd エネルギー貯蔵型ガスタービン発電システム
JP2001193483A (ja) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-17 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービンシステム
US20170058768A1 (en) * 2014-04-11 2017-03-02 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Method And Device For Storing And Recovering Energy

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04127850A (ja) * 1990-09-19 1992-04-28 Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind 液体空気貯蔵発電システム
JPH08312374A (ja) * 1995-05-22 1996-11-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd ガスタービンの吸気冷却装置
JPH10238366A (ja) * 1996-12-24 1998-09-08 Hitachi Ltd エネルギー貯蔵型ガスタービン発電システム
JP2001193483A (ja) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-17 Hitachi Ltd ガスタービンシステム
US20170058768A1 (en) * 2014-04-11 2017-03-02 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Method And Device For Storing And Recovering Energy

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