WO2020259140A1 - Buse d'impression 3d à extrusion composite et imprimante 3d - Google Patents

Buse d'impression 3d à extrusion composite et imprimante 3d Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020259140A1
WO2020259140A1 PCT/CN2020/091349 CN2020091349W WO2020259140A1 WO 2020259140 A1 WO2020259140 A1 WO 2020259140A1 CN 2020091349 W CN2020091349 W CN 2020091349W WO 2020259140 A1 WO2020259140 A1 WO 2020259140A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
barrel
screw
extrusion
push rod
printing nozzle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/091349
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王念才
张亚娟
Original Assignee
北京矩阵空间科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京矩阵空间科技有限公司 filed Critical 北京矩阵空间科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020259140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020259140A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
    • B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of printing technology, in particular to composite extrusion 3D printing nozzles and 3D printers.
  • the existing 3D printing nozzles mainly include plunger printing nozzles and screw extrusion nozzles.
  • the plunger printing nozzle has the problems of insufficient extrusion and unsatisfactory print back in printing semi-fluid, viscous and solid particulate materials.
  • the plunger printing nozzle has the problems of insufficient extrusion and unsatisfactory print back in printing semi-fluid, viscous and solid particulate materials.
  • particles If there is a gap between the particles and the particles, there are cavities of different sizes in the plunger. During the melt printing process, these cavities will have an adverse effect on the extrusion situation, which will cause the material to be interrupted and continuous printing, etc., and draw back at the same time The effect cannot be guaranteed.
  • In the process of melting and printing of semi-fluid and viscous materials there are few cavities. However, due to the high viscosity of the material and the mixing of solid and liquid phases, it is difficult to withdraw, so that the effect of the withdrawal cannot reach the nozzle directly. The effect is not ideal.
  • the purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned problems or at least partially solve or alleviate the above-mentioned problems.
  • a composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle including: a fixed plate; a plunger structure mounted on the fixed plate; a screw extrusion structure mounted on the fixed plate; and The material assembly is connected to the screw extrusion structure; wherein the plunger structure is in communication with the screw extrusion structure for material to enter the screw extrusion structure from the plunger structure, so that the The material is sprayed from the spray assembly.
  • the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle of the present application includes a fixed plate, a plunger structure, a screw extrusion structure, and a spray assembly. Through the plunger structure and the screw extrusion structure, semi-fluid, viscous and solid particle materials are extruded and extruded. The output is smooth, the printing retraction effect is good, the feeding is easy, the feeding is stable, and it can be adapted to a variety of materials.
  • composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle in the above-mentioned embodiments provided in this application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the screw extrusion structure includes: a motor fixing base, which is fixed to the fixing plate; a first stepping motor, which is mounted on the motor fixing base; a screw barrel, which Located below the motor fixing seat and fixed to the fixing plate, a gap is provided between the upper end of the screw barrel and the lower end of the motor fixing seat; the screw is located inside the screw barrel; And a coupling, which is located in the gap; wherein the coupling is respectively connected with the screw and the power output shaft of the first stepping motor to make the screw rotate.
  • an oblique through hole is opened on the side of the screw barrel.
  • the plunger structure includes: a clamping and fixing seat, which is fixed to the fixing plate; a push rod barrel, which is fixed to the clamping and fixing seat; an electric push rod, which Located inside the push rod barrel; plunger, which is installed at the lower end of the electric push rod; barrel fixing seat, which is installed on the motor fixing seat; material barrel, which is located below the push rod barrel , And fixedly connected with the barrel fixing seat; the barrel cone, which communicates with the lower end of the barrel and is fixedly connected with the screw barrel; and the second stepping motor, which is located on the push rod The upper side of the barrel; wherein the power output shaft of the second stepping motor is connected to the electric push rod, so that the electric push rod drives the plunger to reciprocate into the barrel, and then The material inside the cone of the barrel enters the screw barrel.
  • an inclined channel is opened inside the cone of the barrel, the channel is in communication with the through hole, and the inclination angle of the channel is consistent with the inclination angle of the through hole .
  • the upper part of the channel is a tapered mouth.
  • the spray assembly includes: a spray head, which is installed at the lower end of the screw barrel and communicates with the screw barrel, and a cavity is provided inside the spray head; A nozzle is installed at the lower end of the spray head and communicates with the cavity for spraying the material.
  • it further includes: a first heating rod installed and inserted into the inside of the first hole of the barrel cone; a second heating rod installed and inserted into the screw barrel The inside of the first hole.
  • it further includes: a temperature sensor installed inside the second hole of the screw barrel and connected with the first heating rod and the second heating rod.
  • a 3D printer is provided.
  • the 3D printer can ensure the extrusion of semi-fluid, viscous and solid particulate materials, smooth extrusion, and print back extraction.
  • the effect is good, the material is easy to feed, and the material is stable, which improves the printing effect, product competitiveness and user experience of the 3D printer.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle device shown in Fig. 1.
  • 1-Fixed plate 2-Clamping fixed seat; 3-First stepping motor; 4-Motor fixed seat; 5-Coupling; 6-screw barrel; 7-temperature sensor; 8-sprinkler; 9-nozzle 10-first heating rod; 11- barrel cone; 12- barrel; 13- barrel holder; 14- plunger; 15- push rod barrel; 16- screw rod; 17- electric push rod; 18 -Gap; 19-through hole; 20-second stepping motor; 21-channel; 22-tapering opening; 23-second heating;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle device shown in FIG. 1.
  • the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle can generally include a fixed plate 1, a plunger structure 100, a screw extrusion structure 200, and a spray assembly 300, wherein the plunger structure 100 is installed on the fixed plate 1, the screw extrusion structure 200, which Installed on the fixed plate 1, the spray assembly 300 is connected with the screw extrusion structure 200.
  • the plunger structure 100 communicates with the screw extrusion structure 200, and is used for the material to enter the screw extrusion structure 200 from the plunger structure 100, so that the material is ejected from the spray assembly 300.
  • the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle of the present application includes a fixed plate, a plunger structure, a screw extrusion structure, and a spray assembly. Through the plunger structure and the screw extrusion structure, semi-fluid, viscous and solid particle materials are extruded and extruded. The output is smooth, the printing retraction effect is good, the feeding is easy, the feeding is stable, and it can be adapted to a variety of materials.
  • This application adopts a composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle structure that combines a plunger structure 100 and a screw extrusion structure 200.
  • the advantage of this structure is that it combines two extrusion mechanisms and avoids the defects of a single extrusion structure. , The melt printing of viscous materials and solid particles has a good molding effect.
  • the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle structure combines the universal type of the plunger structure 100 in feeding and advancing, and it has a wide range of applications, whether it is particulate materials or high Viscosity materials have the advantages of very good performance, and the advantages of the screw extrusion structure 200 in material compaction, metering extrusion and good withdrawal capabilities, complement each other to achieve more diversified printing materials and meet more market applications And material test requirements.
  • the fixing plate 1 is a metal rectangular plate with rounded and chamfered corners to avoid scratching the installer.
  • the screw extrusion structure 200 may generally include a motor mount 4, a first stepping motor 3, a screw barrel 6, a screw 16 and a coupling 5.
  • the motor fixing base 4 can be fixed to the fixing plate 1 in a variety of ways, such as: method 1, fixing by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly; method 2, fixing by welding, which has better firmness.
  • the motor fixing base 4 has a metal rectangular block structure, which is the same as the existing motor fixing base.
  • the first stepping motor 3 is installed on the motor fixing base 4 by bolts, which avoids looseness and is convenient for disassembly, assembly and maintenance.
  • the first stepping motor 3 is an existing stepping motor 3.
  • the screw barrel 6 is located below the motor fixing base 4 and is fixed to the fixing plate 1 by a screw, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly.
  • a gap 18 is provided between the upper end of the screw barrel 6 and the lower end of the motor fixing base 4 for installing the coupling 5.
  • the screw barrel 6 is a metal rectangular barrel or cylinder.
  • the screw 16 is located inside the screw barrel 6, and the screw 16 is an existing screw.
  • the coupling 5 is located in the gap 18, and the coupling 5 is an existing coupling.
  • the coupling 5 is respectively connected with the screw 16 and the power output shaft of the first stepping motor 3, so that the screw 16 is rotated, and the material is broken and sprayed through the spray assembly 300, which can spray semi-fluid and viscous Extrusion of shaped and solid granular materials, smooth extrusion, good printing and extraction effect, easy feeding, stable feeding, simple structure, easy processing, and convenient subsequent disassembly and maintenance.
  • an oblique through hole 19 is opened on the side of the screw barrel 6.
  • the material enters the inside of the screw barrel 6 through the through hole 19 and is squeezed by the screw 16 to avoid clogging and promote smooth spraying of the material.
  • the plunger structure 100 may generally include a clamping fixing seat 2, a push rod barrel 15, an electric push rod 17, a plunger 14, and a barrel fixing seat 13. , The barrel 12, the barrel cone 11 and the second stepping motor 20.
  • the clamping and fixing seat 2 can be fixed to the fixing plate 1 in a variety of ways, for example: Method 1. Fixing by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly, assembly and maintenance; Method 2. Fixing by welding, with better firmness.
  • the clamping and fixing seat 2 is a rectangular body, made of metal, which is basically the same as the existing clamping and fixing seat.
  • the push rod cylinder 15 is fixed to the clamping fixing seat 2 by welding or screw connection, and the push rod cylinder 15 is an existing push rod cylinder.
  • the electric push rod 17 is arranged inside the push rod barrel 15 for movement inside the push rod barrel 15.
  • the electric push rod 17 is an existing electric push rod.
  • the plunger 14 is screwed on the lower end of the electric push rod 17 for moving with the electric push rod 17.
  • the plunger 14 is an existing plunger.
  • the barrel fixing base 13 is installed on the motor fixing base 4 for easy disassembly, assembly and maintenance.
  • the barrel fixing base 13 is a metal sheet and is processed with an arc. The arc matches the arc of the barrel 12 to achieve seamless integration.
  • the barrel 12 is located below the push rod barrel 15 and is fixedly connected with the barrel fixing seat 13 by bolts, which is convenient for disassembly, assembly and maintenance, etc.
  • the barrel 12 is a metal cylinder.
  • the barrel cone 11 communicates with the lower end of the barrel 12 and is fixedly connected with the screw barrel 6.
  • the barrel cone 11 is made of metal and can be rectangular in shape.
  • the second stepping motor 20 is located on the upper side of the push rod barrel 15 and is fixed by bolts.
  • the second stepping motor 20 is an existing stepping motor 20. Specifically, the power output shaft of the second stepping motor 20 is connected to the electric push rod 17, so that the electric push rod 17 drives the plunger 14 to reciprocate into the barrel 12, and then the inner material of the barrel cone 11 enters the screw gun. Tube 6.
  • an inclined channel 21 is opened inside the barrel cone 11, and the channel 21 communicates with the through hole 19 to realize the material entering the screw barrel 6.
  • the inclination angle of the channel 21 is consistent with the inclination angle of the through hole 21, which facilitates material flow and can realize self-flow.
  • the upper part of the channel 21 is a tapered opening 22 to facilitate the material to enter the channel 21.
  • the spray assembly 300 may generally include a spray head 8 and a nozzle 9.
  • the nozzle 8 is installed on the lower end of the screw barrel 6 through threads, and communicates with the screw barrel 6.
  • a cavity (not marked in the figure) is provided inside the nozzle 8 for material entry.
  • the nozzle 8 is made of metal. Rectangular body or cylinder.
  • the nozzle 9 is screwed on the lower end of the spray head 8 and communicates with the cavity for spraying materials.
  • the nozzle 9 is an existing nozzle.
  • a first heating rod 10 is installed inside the first hole (not shown in the figure) of the barrel cone 11, and the screw barrel
  • a second heating rod 23 is installed inside the first hole (not shown in the figure) of 6.
  • the first heating rod 10 and the second heating rod 23 have the same specifications and models, and both are existing heating rods.
  • the temperature sensor 7 is installed inside the second hole (not shown in the figure) of the screw barrel 6 and is connected to the first heating rod 10 and the second heating rod 23.
  • the temperature sensor 7 is an existing temperature sensor. Specifically, the temperature sensor 7 obtains temperature data and transmits it to the printer controller (not shown in the figure) or a PLC controller is separately set.
  • the controller controls the first heating rod 10 and the second heating rod 10 The heating rod 23 does not work.
  • the controller controls the first heating rod 10 and the second heating rod 23 to start working.
  • the semi-fluid, viscous and solid particulate materials can be heated. Reduce the viscosity of the material and improve the spraying effect.
  • the push rod cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 1 through the electric push clamping and fixing seat 2, and the plunger 14 is threaded with the electric push push rod 17 through threads, and the electric push rod 17 is in accordance with the electric push rod 17 Command to move up and down
  • the first stepping motor 3 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 1 through the motor fixing base 4, and plays the role of driving the screw 16.
  • the screw barrel 6 is fixed to the fixing plate 1 by bolts (not shown in the figure)
  • the screw 16 is installed inside the screw barrel 6 and is connected to the output shaft of the first stepping motor 3 through the coupling 5.
  • the nozzle 9 is screwed with the nozzle 8 through the thread, and the nozzle 8 is screwed with the screw barrel 6 through the thread.
  • the barrel cone 11 is fixed to the screw barrel 6 by bolts (not shown in the figure) so that its internal flow channel and the flow channel of the screw barrel 6 are smoothly butted, and the barrel fixing seat 13 is passed through bolts (not shown in the figure). ) It is fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat 4, the lower end of the barrel 12 is transitionally connected with the barrel cone 11, and the upper end of the barrel 12 and the barrel fixing seat 13 are positioned through the upper clamping groove to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing the barrel 12. By quickly replacing the barrel 12 to ensure the continuous operation of the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle, it is no longer subject to the problem of the capacity of the barrel 12 restricting the printing situation.
  • the first heating rod 10 and the second heating rod 23 are respectively fixed in the screw barrel 6 and the barrel cone 11 to heat and control the temperature of the screw barrel 6 and the barrel cone 11.
  • the nozzle 8 and the nozzle 9 is heated by the heat transfer of the screw barrel 6.
  • Semi-fluid, viscous materials and solid particles and other similar materials can be put into the barrel 12 in advance, the barrel 12 is installed, the electric pusher 15 and the stepping motor 3 start to drive the electric pusher under the control of the instruction. 17 advances and the screw 16 rotates, the printing material is transported into the screw groove of the screw 16 through the heating of the barrel cone 11 and the screw barrel 6 under the propulsion of the electric push rod 17, and the screw 16 is extruded, dense and uniform. Under the action of chemical conversion, it is finally extruded through the nozzle 9 to form a printing model.
  • the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle structure can meet various types of materials, and the screw extrusion structure 200 has the advantages of compact material, metering extrusion and good withdrawal ability, making the composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle structure
  • the material has a wider range of adaptability and better print quality. Because the quality of the withdrawal during the 3D printing process has a great influence on the print quality, if the inflection point and layer change cannot be controlled well, it will produce The case of flash and burrs. Due to the rapid replacement of the barrel 12, the material change speed can be greatly improved, the printing efficiency can be improved, and the requirement of continuous printing can be met.
  • This application also provides a 3D printer, which includes the above-mentioned composite extrusion 3D printing nozzle and has corresponding technical effects, which will not be described here.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • installed can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , Or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components.
  • the “on” or “under” of the first feature on the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirectly through an intermediary. contact.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une buse d'impression 3D d'extrusion composite, comprenant : une plaque fixe (1) ; une structure de piston (100), qui est installée sur la plaque fixe (1) ; une structure d'extrusion à vis (200), qui est installée sur la plaque fixe (1) ; et un ensemble de pulvérisation de matériau (300), qui est relié à la structure d'extrusion à vis (200). La structure de piston (100) communique avec la structure d'extrusion à vis (200) et est utilisée pour permettre à un matériau d'entrer dans la structure d'extrusion à vis (200) à partir de la structure de piston (100) de telle sorte que le matériau soit pulvérisé hors de l'ensemble de pulvérisation de matériau (300). La buse d'impression 3D d'extrusion composite comprend une plaque fixe (1), une structure de piston (100), une structure d'extrusion à vis (200) et un ensemble de pulvérisation de matériau (300). Des matériaux granulaires semi-fluides, collants et solides sont extrudés au moyen de la structure de piston (100) et de la structure d'extrusion à vis (200). L'extrusion est lisse, l'effet de rétroaction de la pompe d'impression est bon, l'alimentation en matériau est facile et stable, et la buse peut s'adapter à divers matériaux.
PCT/CN2020/091349 2019-06-26 2020-05-20 Buse d'impression 3d à extrusion composite et imprimante 3d WO2020259140A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910562463.XA CN110253884A (zh) 2019-06-26 2019-06-26 复合挤出3d打印喷头及3d打印机
CN201910562463.X 2019-06-26

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WO2020259140A1 true WO2020259140A1 (fr) 2020-12-30

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CN110253884A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-09-20 北京矩阵空间科技有限公司 复合挤出3d打印喷头及3d打印机
CN110744815A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-04 四川农业大学 一种可精确控温的气动螺杆联动式3d打印机
CN110744814A (zh) * 2019-10-21 2020-02-04 四川农业大学 一种可精确控温的气动螺杆联动式3d打印挤出机

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